CHEMICAL PROCESSES FOR THE Sample Clauses

CHEMICAL PROCESSES FOR THE. PRODUCTION OF SYNTHETIC FUELS AND CHEMICALS The possibility to directly convert carbon into synthetic fuel was discovered many years ago in Germany by Xxxxxxxxx Xxxxxxx in 1913. The most important synthesis processes that have high potential in the industry field for the conversion of CO2 and the production of valuable chemicals are summarized in (Figure 3). Figure 3 - Various pathways for conversion of renewable energy, water and greenhouse gases into synthetic fuels (endothermic and exothermic processes are marked with blue and red arrows respectively) [1] During the second world war, a chemical synthesis to convert CO into valuable chemicals was developed by Xxxxx Xxxxxxx and Xxxx Xxxxxxx. Nowadays, the process is very well-known as “Xxxxxxx- Tropsch synthesis”. This kind of synthesis is known as an indirect synthesis since they don’t use CO2 as driven source but syngas, a mixture of carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrogen (H2). Several thermocatalytic pathways (the combination of high temperature with a heterogeneous catalyst) are available for the production of Syngas [1]. Each of them is an endothermic reaction and, because of the high stability of the CO2, needs much energy to be converted into syngas. However, if renewable sources provide the energy, the process becomes sustainable. Thus, these powerful technologies can be used to reduce the anthropogenic CO2, to give more value to waste steam of some processes, and to store energy in the form of renewable synthetic fuels reducing the use of non-renewable fossil fuels.