Circular Economy. 1. The Parties shall prevent or minimise the generation of waste at source. They shall improve product reusability, recyclability and resource efficiency in order to adapt production and consumption to the achievement of a circular economy, including through adequate waste collection and sorting services and environmentally sound recycling initiatives and facilities. They undertake to adopt policies on the circular economy in order to protect the environment and human health, make products more energy- and resource-efficient, broaden consumer choice and improve waste management.
2. The Parties shall establish the necessary domestic regulatory frameworks and enforcement mechanisms for the environmentally sound management of chemicals and waste and for the implementation of the relevant multilateral agreements. They shall take the necessary measures to combat dumping and illegal trade in hazardous waste, including radioactive materials, chemical and organic waste, in conformity with the provisions of the Basel Convention on the Control of Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Waste and their Disposal and taking into consideration the provisions of the Bamako Convention on the Ban of the Import into Africa and the Control of Transboundary Movement and Management of Hazardous Wastes within Africa. They shall prevent or minimise hazardous substances in material cycles and manage chemicals in products throughout their lifecycle. They shall support informed decision-making on appropriate measures to protect the environment and human health, including against pollution resulting from inappropriately managed waste, and to remediate associated environmental damage.
3. The Parties shall effectively address all forms of pollution. They shall take measures aimed at the detection, prevention and reporting of pollution. They shall increase efforts to prevent plastic pollution and to remove plastics and micro-plastics from the environment. They shall explore opportunities for strengthened cooperation on combating air pollution. They shall raise awareness of the public health and environmental risks of pollution and the multiple benefits of improved air quality, including through public outreach campaigns.
Circular Economy. Xxxxx XxxXxxxxx Foundation defines the circular economy as a system where materials never become waste and nature is regenerated. In a circular economy, products and materials are kept in circulation through processes like maintenance, reuse, refurbishment, remanufacture, recycling, and composting. The circular economy tackles climate change and other global challenges, like biodiversity loss, waste, and pollution, by decoupling economic activity from the consumption of finite resources.
Circular Economy. Circular Economy (CE) is seen as a necessary step to achieve sustainable development (Geissdoerfer et al., 2017). The current ‘take-make-waste’ model is labelled as an unsustainable path (EMF & Granta design, 2015). The CE is seen as an approach that has the potential to break with the current linear economy. In the last couple of years, governments, scholars, companies and citizens devoted more attention to the CE concept as a potential solution to the current sustainability issues. This is denoted by recent EU policy (European Commission, 2015, 2018a, b), national and regional policy targets (e.g. Circular Flanders), business sectors reports (EMF & Granta design, 2015), and the increasing number of academic articles (Xxxxxx, Xxxx, Xxxxx, Xxxxxxx & Xxxxxx, 2019). Circular Economy became a generally known concept. However, some critics claim that it has different meanings to different people. There is no definition that is commonly accepted among scientists and other professionals. Xxxxxxxxx, Xxxxx, & Hekkert (2017) analysed 114 circular economy definitions. Only four definitions were used more than once. Most of the definitions focus on economic prosperity. The social considerations are neglected most among the 114 definitions. The most used definition has been provided by the Xxxxx XxxXxxxxx Foundation (2012, p.7): Xxxxxxxxxxxx et al. (2017) claim that this is the most prominent definition. Although Xxxxxxxxx et al. (2017) propose a consensual and broad definition, they acknowledge that a CE understanding can be broader than the definitions presented with his study. Xxxxxxxx (2018) also emphasized the vagueness of the CE concept. He mentions that it seems as if CE is a collection of separate ideas from several fields and semi-scientific concepts. Moraga et al. (2019) propose the use of two definitions representing CE in sensu stricto and sensu xxxx. The sensu stricto, namely narrow focus, distinguishes CE from the linear economy by two characteristics: slowing and closing resource loops. On the other hand, the broader definition (sensu xxxx) pushes the focus to sustainability and the effects CE strategies have on the economy, environment, and society (Moraga et al., 2019). Since CE-based strategies have three areas of value: (a) environmental; (b) economic; and (c) social. (Xxxx et al., 2017), representing each pillar of sustainability (Xxxxx, Xxxxxxxxxx, dos Xxxxxx Xxxxxxxx, do Xxxxxx & Xxxxxx, 2020), the sensu xxxx definition might be the most valuable...
Circular Economy. 1. The Parties recognize that the circular economy offers a systemic approach to adopting sustainable consumption and production patterns. The Parties further recognize the role that international trade can play in the transition to a circular economy, including facilitating the movement of secondary materials and related goods and services through global supply chains.
2. Consistent with Article 13.24, the Parties shall cooperate, as appropriate, to address matters of mutual interest to advance
Circular Economy. Support the development of the circular economy in Ireland by optimising the scale and impact of the National Waste Prevention Programme and food waste activities. Inform the development of a national waste and circular economy policy through provision of accessible and timely statistics and information.
Circular Economy. In a EU Australia FTA, businesses that fulfill the circular economy between EU and Australia should be considered in the list of items. Businesses that have critical facilities between EU and Australia should be allowed to trade items between the parties under an FTA condition. Especially with the risk of counter-vailing, a circular economy consideration in an FTA would better implement a feature of economic security. In such cases, when a business is facing threats of counter-vailed competition, it would affect its supply chain and thereby would raise a concern for the balance of trade in a free trading environment. Businesses that provide established products and services between EU and Australia, with certain parts or services being developed or provided from either economy, should be provided an advantage from a EU Australia FTA. Such businesses would consist of both non- financial sector businesses such as manufacturers or providers of specific services, who would be countered on such products or services being made available between the two economies in a regulated manner. Financial sector businesses such as banks and insurance services would also be considered such that any financial advantage from counter-vailed products or services that may intersect, obstacle or prevent the circular flow of such dependent products or services, are accounted for accurately as per the expectations of the connected EU Australia market in a Free Trade environment. An EU Australia FTA should provide a trade advantage for businesses that operate in a circular economy product or service delivery. An EU Australia FTA should provide a trade advantage for such financial services that provide assurances against counter-vailed products and services that damage the business interests of businesses in EU and Australia from forming a circular economy.
Circular Economy. New Energy System Efficiency and Infra Investment agenda for energy transition in the Port Industrial Complex Work- and training agenda for the energy transition
Circular Economy. As far as High Priority Case 3 is concerned, the circular economy is gaining increasing attention worldwide as a means to reduce dependency on primary materials and energy, while at the same time becoming an economically viable alternative to the linear economy. In fact, Industry 4.0 bears enormous opportunities to enable circular economy, in which end of life products are reused, remanufactured and recycled. Increasingly, companies are applying innovative solutions, including the “Internet of Things” (IoT), cloud computing and 3D printing that will enable more interoperability and flexible industrial processes and autonomous and intelligent manufacturing. The initiatives developed for High Priority Case 3 are the following:
Circular Economy. Intention is that all materials used in NSPs construction should fulfil the requirements of Circular Economy. The goal of this is to eliminate waste and the continual consumption of resources. Circular systems employ reuse, sharing, repair, refurbishment, remanufacturing and recycling to create a closed-loop system, minimising the use of resource inputs and the creation of waste, pollution and carbon emissions.
Circular Economy. How is it possible, i.e. under what conditions and through which investments, to look at a circular economy capable of representing fertile ground for strengthening the sustainable growth and competitiveness of SMEs, particularly in the agri-food sector, renewing the tradition of attractiveness of local products and guaranteeing high quality agri-food production?
