Impact of ordering nodes‌ Sample Clauses

Impact of ordering nodes‌. With the assumption that the execution layer is the bottleneck in the system, we now take a step back and analyze the effects of removing the cost of execution. Thus, this second experiment intends to study how fast SepChain is able to order transactions. Therefore, in this experiment exclusively, we only test the ordering part of SepChain. That is, the clients still send their transactions to the execution clusters Top level comparison - 35 clusters (log y) 100 10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 0.1 Number of Clients Besu50000 SepChain50000 Besu100 SepChain100 Throughput (tx/s) Figure 5.4: Experiment 1: Besu and SepChain throughput values as the number of clients varies, where the latter system has 35 execution clusters. A log scale is applied to the y-axis. The blue and grey lines represent Xxxx’x throughput with 50,000 and 100 iterations, respectively. The orange and yellow lines represent SepChain’s throughput with 50,000 and 100 iterations, respectively and these send to the ordering Blockchain, but, as soon as the ordering Blockchain finishes adding the transaction to the log, the result (i.e., the log position of their command) returns to the client. Figure 5.5 shows four different lines: two for Xxxx’x performance and two for SepChain’s ordering performance, each system with 50, 000 and 100 iterations. As expected, the performance of Besu is better with fewer iterations but drops as the number of nodes increases. This is expected behavior since having more nodes in a blockchain tends to slow down the consensus protocol. With 100 transactions, it drops from 22.78 to 8.49 tx/s; and with 50, 000 it drops from 0.38 to 0.19 tx/s. SepChain’s lines (which are in fact the same line) also decrease as the number of nodes increases, going from 23.64 to 7.74 tx/s. Figure 5.6 shows the data points more clearly by applying a log scale to the y-axis. SepChain shows two lines overlapping, which are in fact the same line, because SepChain’s ordering is indifferent to the number of transactions that are going to be executed – the gas of the log contract is always the same. Conversely, a 50, 000 iteration contract is bound to take longer to execute than a 100 iteration contract, which still is a problem for Besu. Additionally, we can also observe that we can match Xxxx’x performance at 100 iterations, but we can maintain that same performance for higher gas values such as 50, 000 iterations while Besu has a severe drop in performance. In this case, because SepChain ...
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  • Placement of Orders The Adviser shall arrange for the placing of all orders for the purchase and sale of securities for a Fund’s account with brokers or dealers selected by the Adviser. In the selection of such brokers or dealers and the placing of such orders, the Adviser is directed at all times to seek for each Fund the most favorable execution and net price available under the circumstances. It is also understood that it is desirable for the Funds that the Adviser have access to brokerage and research services provided by brokers who may execute brokerage transactions at a higher cost to the Funds than may result when allocating brokerage to other brokers, consistent with section 28(e) of the 1934 Act and any Commission staff interpretations thereof. Therefore, the Adviser is authorized to place orders for the purchase and sale of securities for a Fund with such brokers, subject to review by the Board from time to time with respect to the extent and continuation of this practice. It is understood that the services provided by such brokers may be useful to the Adviser in connection with its or its affiliates’ services to other clients.

  • Execution of Orders All orders for the creation or redemption of Creation Units shall be handled in accordance with the terms of the Prospectus, and the procedures described in Attachments A and A-1 to this Agreement. In the event the procedures include the use of recorded telephone lines, the Participant hereby consents to such use. The Trust reserves the right to issue additional or other procedures relating to the manner of creating or redeeming Creation Units, and the Participant, and the Distributor agree to comply with such procedures as may be issued from time to time, upon reasonable notice thereof. The Participant understands and acknowledges that the Transfer Agent will not effect a creation or redemption until it has received confirmation of receipt of the Participant’s incoming security transfer and/or cash through the Trust’s Clearing Process, Fed Book-Entry System, Euroclear and/or DTC in the case of a creation, and through the Trust’s Clearing Process, Euroclear and/or DTC in the case of a redemption. With respect to any order for the creation or redemption of Creation Units, the Participant acknowledges and agrees on behalf of itself and any party for which it is acting (regardless of its capacity) to return to the Trust any dividend, distribution or other corporate action paid to it or to the party for which it is acting in respect of any Deposit Security that is transferred to the Participant or any party for which it is acting that, based on the valuation of such Deposit Security at the time of transfer should have been paid to the Trust. With respect to any orders for the creation or redemption of Creation Units, the Participant also acknowledges and agrees on behalf of itself and any party for which it is acting (regardless of its capacity) that the Transfer Agent is entitled to reduce the amount of money or other proceeds due to the Participant or any party for which it is acting that, based on the valuation of such Deposit Security at the time of transfer, should be paid to the Fund. With respect to any order for the creation or redemption of Creation Units, the Trust acknowledges and agrees to return to the Participant or any party for which it is acting any dividend, distribution or other corporate action paid to the Trust in respect of any Deposit Security that is transferred to the Trust that, based on the valuation of such Deposit Security at the time of transfer, should have been paid to the Participant or any party for which it is acting.

  • METHOD OF ORDERING The County shall issue Delivery Orders against the contract on an as needed basis for the goods or services listed on the Bid Response Form.

  • Duration of Order You may make an oral stop payment order which will lapse within fourteen (14) calendar days unless confirmed in writing within that time. A written stop payment order is effective for six (6) months and may be renewed in writing from time to time. We do not have to notify you when a stop payment order expires.

  • Form of Order 7.1 Subject to paragraphs 1 to 6 above, each Contracting Body may place an Order with the Supplier by serving an order in writing in substantially the form set out in Framework Agreement Schedule 4 (Order Form & Call-Off Terms). The Parties agree that any document or communication (including any document or communication in the apparent form of an Order) which is not in the form prescribed by this paragraph 7 shall not constitute an Order under this Framework Agreement. 7.2 The Contracting Body in sending an acknowledgement following receipt of the signed Order Form from the Supplier shall form a binding Call-Off Contract.

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  • TERMINATION OF ORDERS Participating Entities may terminate an order, in whole or in part, immediately upon notice to Supplier in the event of any of the following events: 1. The Participating Entity fails to receive funding or appropriation from its governing body at levels sufficient to pay for the equipment, products, or services to be purchased; or 2. Federal, state, or provincial laws or regulations prohibit the purchase or change the Participating Entity’s requirements.

  • Certificate of Origin 1. Each Party shall grant preferential tariff treatment in accordance with this Agreement to an originating good imported from the territory of the other Party on the basis of a Certificate of Origin. 2. In order to obtain preferential tariff treatment, an importer shall, in accordance with the procedures applicable in the importing Party, request preferential tariff treatment at the time of importation of an originating good. 3. A Certificate of Origin which certifies that a good being exported from the territory of a Party into the territory of the other Party qualifies as originating shall: (a) be in a printed or electronic format; and (b) be completed in English in conformity with the specimen and the instructions contained therein as set out in Annex 4B, which may be amended by agreement between the Parties. 4. Each Party shall: (a) require an exporter in its territory to complete and sign a Certificate of Origin for any exportation of a good for which an importer may claim preferential tariff treatment upon importation of the good into the territory of the other Party; and (b) provide that where an exporter in its territory is not the producer of the good, the exporter may complete and sign a Certificate of Origin on the basis of: (i) its knowledge that the good qualifies as originating; (ii) its reasonable reliance on the producer's written representation that the good qualifies as originating; or (iii) a completed and signed Certificate of Origin for the good voluntarily provided to the exporter by the producer. 5. A Certificate of Origin, duly completed and signed by an exporter or producer in a Party, may apply to: (a) a single shipment of one or more goods into the territory of the other (b) multiple shipments of identical goods to the same importer within any period specified in the Certificate of Origin, not exceeding 12 months from its date of issuance. Party; or

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