{"component": "clause", "props": {"groups": [{"samples": [{"hash": "69S4zEmdXsc", "uri": "/contracts/69S4zEmdXsc#past-practice-clause", "label": "Collective Bargaining Agreement", "score": 33.0125846428, "published": true}, {"hash": "4Henrt6IbIj", "uri": "/contracts/4Henrt6IbIj#past-practice-clause", "label": "Collective Bargaining Agreement", "score": 31.4924086974, "published": true}, {"hash": "3aHtKedeh9H", "uri": "/contracts/3aHtKedeh9H#past-practice-clause", "label": "Collective Bargaining Agreement", "score": 31.3600232712, "published": true}], "size": 14, "snippet": "The Employer agrees that all conditions of employment in the Employer\u2019s operation relating to wages, hours of work, overtime differentials and general working conditions shall be maintained at no less than the highest standards in effect at the time of the signing of this Agreement, and the conditions of employment shall be improved wherever specific provision for improvement are made elsewhere in this Agreement.", "snippet_links": [{"key": "the-employer", "type": "definition", "offset": [0, 12]}, {"key": "conditions-of-employment", "type": "clause", "offset": [29, 53]}, {"key": "relating-to", "type": "definition", "offset": [82, 93]}, {"key": "hours-of-work", "type": "clause", "offset": [101, 114]}, {"key": "general-working-conditions", "type": "clause", "offset": [143, 169]}, {"key": "in-effect", "type": "definition", "offset": [228, 237]}, {"key": "time-of-the", "type": "clause", "offset": [245, 256]}, {"key": "signing-of-this-agreement", "type": "clause", "offset": [257, 282]}, {"key": "the-conditions", "type": "clause", "offset": [288, 302]}, {"key": "specific-provision", "type": "clause", "offset": [344, 362]}, {"key": "in-this-agreement", "type": "clause", "offset": [398, 415]}], "hash": "a6f35d3cce883396ad2a511d33fddde5", "id": 1}, {"samples": [{"hash": "2CbNuaS3XmL", "uri": "/contracts/2CbNuaS3XmL#past-practice-clause", "label": "Collective Bargaining Agreement", "score": 30.2495650533, "published": true}], "size": 2, "snippet": "Both parties agree that for the express term of this Agreement they will be bound by any established Committee policies relating to working conditions of employees covered by this Agreement in existence as of the effective date of this Agreement unless specifically modified or revised in this Agreement.", "snippet_links": [{"key": "both-parties-agree", "type": "clause", "offset": [0, 18]}, {"key": "term-of-this-agreement", "type": "clause", "offset": [40, 62]}, {"key": "relating-to", "type": "definition", "offset": [120, 131]}, {"key": "employees-covered-by-this-agreement", "type": "clause", "offset": [154, 189]}, {"key": "in-existence", "type": "definition", "offset": [190, 202]}, {"key": "effective-date-of-this-agreement", "type": "definition", "offset": [213, 245]}, {"key": "in-this-agreement", "type": "clause", "offset": [286, 303]}], "hash": "0f02265ed1c926da47ba18d7c8fe4d98", "id": 4}, {"samples": [{"hash": "99yZu4dh5Kh", "uri": "/contracts/99yZu4dh5Kh#past-practice-clause", "label": "Collective Bargaining Agreement", "score": 23.340862423, "published": true}, {"hash": "5QXz4PZf55B", "uri": "/contracts/5QXz4PZf55B#past-practice-clause", "label": "Collective Bargaining Agreement", "score": 22.3689253936, "published": true}, {"hash": "4sHVEWZPdmw", "uri": "/contracts/4sHVEWZPdmw#past-practice-clause", "label": "Collective Bargaining Agreement", "score": 22.3689253936, "published": true}], "size": 8, "snippet": "10 The employer agrees that no new policies, practices, customs or conditions affecting employee wages, 11 hours, terms and conditions of employment shall be put into effect during the life of this agreement 12 unless such policy, practice, custom or condition has been agreed upon during negotiations with the", "snippet_links": [{"key": "the-employer", "type": "definition", "offset": [3, 15]}, {"key": "new-policies", "type": "definition", "offset": [31, 43]}, {"key": "employee-wages", "type": "clause", "offset": [88, 102]}, {"key": "terms-and-conditions-of-employment", "type": "definition", "offset": [114, 148]}, {"key": "into-effect", "type": "clause", "offset": [162, 173]}, {"key": "life-of-this-agreement", "type": "definition", "offset": [185, 207]}, {"key": "been-agreed", "type": "clause", "offset": [265, 276]}, {"key": "during-negotiations", "type": "clause", "offset": [282, 301]}], "hash": "f5e3c32b19d648c942319d0fe20c851f", "id": 2}, {"samples": [{"hash": "iunlzzPQJYw", "uri": "/contracts/iunlzzPQJYw#past-practice-clause", "label": "Collective Bargaining Agreement", "score": 25.546201232, "published": true}, {"hash": "be9cHWOK2kZ", "uri": "/contracts/be9cHWOK2kZ#past-practice-clause", "label": "Collective Bargaining Agreement", "score": 24.2950034223, "published": true}], "size": 2, "snippet": "20.1 This Agreement constitutes the entire agreement between the parties, and it supersedes any prior written or oral agreements between the parties. Any past practice whether written or oral, is null and void, unless specifically preserved in this Agreement.", "snippet_links": [{"key": "entire-agreement-between-the-parties", "type": "clause", "offset": [36, 72]}, {"key": "agreements-between-the-parties", "type": "clause", "offset": [118, 148]}, {"key": "past-practice", "type": "clause", "offset": [154, 167]}, {"key": "null-and-void", "type": "definition", "offset": [196, 209]}, {"key": "in-this-agreement", "type": "clause", "offset": [241, 258]}], "hash": "2a9a4a509376ace80c700934d3226b76", "id": 3}, {"samples": [{"hash": "5Ao6Mhtsuk1", "uri": "/contracts/5Ao6Mhtsuk1#past-practice-clause", "label": "Collective Bargaining Agreement", "score": 25.46954141, "published": true}], "size": 1, "snippet": "All terms and conditions of employment previously granted to the employees by the County, unless specifically excluded by or in conflict with this Agreement, shall be continued except where it is determined by the Department Head that the work load or the efficiency of operations is impaired thereby. The \"County\" is defined as the Board of Supervisors and not the Department head.", "snippet_links": [{"key": "terms-and-conditions-of-employment", "type": "definition", "offset": [4, 38]}, {"key": "granted-to", "type": "definition", "offset": [50, 60]}, {"key": "the-employees", "type": "clause", "offset": [61, 74]}, {"key": "by-the-county", "type": "clause", "offset": [75, 88]}, {"key": "this-agreement", "type": "clause", "offset": [142, 156]}, {"key": "department-head", "type": "definition", "offset": [214, 229]}, {"key": "work-load", "type": "clause", "offset": [239, 248]}, {"key": "efficiency-of-operations", "type": "clause", "offset": [256, 280]}, {"key": "board-of-supervisors", "type": "definition", "offset": [333, 353]}], "hash": "77d8f4be3e3291e543cb38e85faa845e", "id": 5}, {"samples": [{"hash": "aSSLYoiupfJ", "uri": "/contracts/aSSLYoiupfJ#past-practice-clause", "label": "Collective Bargaining Agreement", "score": 19.0, "published": true}], "size": 1, "snippet": "The parties agree that for the term of this Agreement, all terms and conditions of employment that are known to both parties and recognized by both parties on the signature date of this Agreement will remain in full force and effect for the term of this Agreement as enumerated below. If either party proposes to change existing terms and conditions of employment, then the only method that can be utilized to change existing terms and conditions of employment is negotiations between the parties which result in a written amendment to this Agreement signed and ratified by both parties. The parties agree for the term of this Agreement that the terms and conditions of employment as enumerated below will be maintained at their present level without change unless changed through negotiations between the parties which result in a written, signed and ratified amendment to this Agreement. The fringe benefits to remain in effect as follows:\n1. Paid professional days, by approval.\n2. Employees shall be reimbursed for workshops attended, by approval.\n3. Part-time employees shall receive pro-rated benefits.\n4. Part-time employees who work five (5) days get ten (10) of their days as sick leave and two (2) of their days as personal leave unless it is increased in the contract.", "snippet_links": [{"key": "the-parties-agree-that", "type": "clause", "offset": [0, 22]}, {"key": "the-term-of-this-agreement", "type": "clause", "offset": [27, 53]}, {"key": "terms-and-conditions-of-employment", "type": "definition", "offset": [59, 93]}, {"key": "by-both-parties", "type": "clause", "offset": [140, 155]}, {"key": "date-of-this-agreement", "type": "definition", "offset": [173, 195]}, {"key": "full-force-and-effect", "type": "definition", "offset": [211, 232]}, {"key": "if-either-party", "type": "clause", "offset": [285, 300]}, {"key": "existing-terms-and-conditions", "type": "clause", "offset": [320, 349]}, {"key": "between-the-parties", "type": "clause", "offset": [477, 496]}, {"key": "agreement-signed", "type": "clause", "offset": [541, 557]}, {"key": "the-terms-and-conditions", "type": "definition", "offset": [642, 666]}, {"key": "fringe-benefits", "type": "definition", "offset": [894, 909]}, {"key": "in-effect", "type": "definition", "offset": [920, 929]}, {"key": "professional-days", "type": "clause", "offset": [950, 967]}, {"key": "employees-shall", "type": "clause", "offset": [985, 1000]}, {"key": "time-employees", "type": "clause", "offset": [1060, 1074]}, {"key": "employees-who", "type": "clause", "offset": [1122, 1135]}, {"key": "sick-leave", "type": "definition", "offset": [1185, 1195]}, {"key": "personal-leave", "type": "definition", "offset": [1225, 1239]}, {"key": "in-the-contract", "type": "clause", "offset": [1263, 1278]}], "hash": "bb681cc639eb3934b4ecb9acaf962dad", "id": 6}, {"samples": [{"hash": "9CBD71wtIsm", "uri": "/contracts/9CBD71wtIsm#past-practice-clause", "label": "Collective Bargaining Agreement", "score": 21.0, "published": true}], "size": 1, "snippet": "All terms and conditions of employment previously granted to the employees by the Employer, unless specifically excluded by or in conflict with this Agreement, shall be continued except where it is determined by the Department Head that the work load or the efficiency of the operation is impaired thereby. The \"Employer\" is defined as the Board of Supervisors and the Sheriff of Saratoga County.", "snippet_links": [{"key": "terms-and-conditions-of-employment", "type": "definition", "offset": [4, 38]}, {"key": "granted-to", "type": "definition", "offset": [50, 60]}, {"key": "the-employees", "type": "clause", "offset": [61, 74]}, {"key": "by-the-employer", "type": "clause", "offset": [75, 90]}, {"key": "this-agreement", "type": "clause", "offset": [144, 158]}, {"key": "department-head", "type": "definition", "offset": [216, 231]}, {"key": "work-load", "type": "clause", "offset": [241, 250]}, {"key": "the-operation", "type": "clause", "offset": [272, 285]}, {"key": "board-of-supervisors", "type": "definition", "offset": [340, 360]}], "hash": "c8f8af40639402f5269ca587f2a2704b", "id": 7}, {"samples": [{"hash": "cSsJT386mTF", "uri": "/contracts/cSsJT386mTF#past-practice-clause", "label": "Collective Bargaining Agreement", "score": 21.0, "published": true}], "size": 1, "snippet": "Unless specifically provided in this contract, all terms and conditions of employment in effect prior to the effective date of this agreement shall remain in full force and effect and shall not be eliminated or reduced unless they fail to meet the following criteria:", "snippet_links": [{"key": "in-this-contract", "type": "clause", "offset": [29, 45]}, {"key": "terms-and-conditions-of-employment", "type": "definition", "offset": [51, 85]}, {"key": "in-effect", "type": "definition", "offset": [86, 95]}, {"key": "effective-date-of-this-agreement", "type": "definition", "offset": [109, 141]}, {"key": "full-force-and-effect", "type": "definition", "offset": [158, 179]}], "hash": "66b57306d1ca2f1494b40e7ff7a160a6", "id": 8}, {"samples": [{"hash": "fkYheT2NfIy", "uri": "/contracts/fkYheT2NfIy#past-practice-clause", "label": "Collective Bargaining Agreement", "score": 19.1519507187, "published": true}], "size": 1, "snippet": "Section 1. All existing rules, regulations, practices and benefits of the Village which are more favorable to the employee will be continued in full force and effect, subject to Article XVII, Section 1.\nSection 2. Job specifications as promulgated by the Westchester County Department of Civil Service shall be utilized by the Village. Past Practice as relates to job description shall not apply.\nSection 3. The parties agree to identify and review all past practices during the term of the agreement.", "snippet_links": [{"key": "section-1", "type": "definition", "offset": [0, 9]}, {"key": "existing-rules", "type": "clause", "offset": [15, 29]}, {"key": "benefits-of", "type": "clause", "offset": [58, 69]}, {"key": "more-favorable", "type": "definition", "offset": [92, 106]}, {"key": "employee-will", "type": "clause", "offset": [114, 127]}, {"key": "full-force-and-effect", "type": "definition", "offset": [144, 165]}, {"key": "subject-to-article", "type": "clause", "offset": [167, 185]}, {"key": "section-2", "type": "definition", "offset": [203, 212]}, {"key": "job-specifications", "type": "clause", "offset": [214, 232]}, {"key": "department-of-civil-service", "type": "definition", "offset": [274, 301]}, {"key": "by-the-village", "type": "clause", "offset": [320, 334]}, {"key": "relates-to", "type": "definition", "offset": [353, 363]}, {"key": "job-description", "type": "definition", "offset": [364, 379]}, {"key": "section-3", "type": "clause", "offset": [397, 406]}, {"key": "agree-to", "type": "clause", "offset": [420, 428]}, {"key": "and-review", "type": "clause", "offset": [438, 448]}, {"key": "past-practices", "type": "clause", "offset": [453, 467]}, {"key": "during-the-term-of-the-agreement", "type": "clause", "offset": [468, 500]}], "hash": "c10ba1a3f38ed97c9cf9ef61245b7dc2", "id": 9}, {"samples": [{"hash": "h7gI8CxSPC5", "uri": "/contracts/h7gI8CxSPC5#past-practice-clause", "label": "Collective Bargaining Agreement", "score": 20.4045174538, "published": true}], "size": 1, "snippet": "The parties agree that this Agreement incorporates their full and complete understanding and that prior oral agreements or practices inconsistent with this Agreement are superseded by the terms of this Agreement.", "snippet_links": [{"key": "the-parties-agree-that", "type": "clause", "offset": [0, 22]}, {"key": "full-and-complete-understanding", "type": "clause", "offset": [57, 88]}, {"key": "oral-agreements", "type": "clause", "offset": [104, 119]}, {"key": "terms-of-this-agreement", "type": "clause", "offset": [188, 211]}], "hash": "f836f3f2bac17a221d08557616f057b1", "id": 10}], "next_curs": "Cl0SV2oVc35sYXdpbnNpZGVyY29udHJhY3RzcjkLEhZDbGF1c2VTbmlwcGV0R3JvdXBfdjU2Ih1wYXN0LXByYWN0aWNlLWNsYXVzZSMwMDAwMDAwYQyiAQJlbhgAIAA=", "clause": {"children": [["clarity", "Clarity"]], "size": 33, "parents": [["scope-of-agreement", "SCOPE OF AGREEMENT"], ["grievance-procedure", "Grievance Procedure"], ["miscellaneous-provisions", "Miscellaneous Provisions"]], "title": "PAST PRACTICE CLAUSE", "id": "past-practice-clause", "related": [["past-practices", "Past Practices", "Past Practices"], ["past-practice", "Past Practice", "Past Practice"], ["ordinary-course-of-business", "Ordinary Course of Business", "Ordinary Course of Business"], ["best-practices", "Best Practices", "Best Practices"], ["conduct-of-business-in-ordinary-course", "Conduct of Business in Ordinary Course", "Conduct of Business in Ordinary Course"]], "related_snippets": [], "updated": "2025-07-07T12:35:11+00:00", "also_ask": ["How can a past practice clause be leveraged to protect or limit future bargaining positions?", "What essential elements must be included to clearly define 'past practice' and its scope?", "What are the main risks if the clause is too vague or broadly worded?", "How do courts typically interpret and enforce past practice clauses in labor disputes?", "How does this clause compare to similar provisions in other collective bargaining agreements?"], "drafting_tip": "Define 'past practice' precisely to avoid ambiguity; specify the period and parties covered to ensure enforceability; clarify exceptions to prevent unintended obligations.", "explanation": "A Past Practice Clause defines how established, consistent practices between parties are recognized and treated under an agreement. It typically states whether such past practices are to be continued, modified, or discontinued, and may set conditions for changing them, such as requiring mutual agreement or formal notice. For example, if an employer has historically allowed flexible work hours, this clause would clarify whether that practice must continue or can be altered. The core function of a Past Practice Clause is to provide certainty and prevent disputes by clarifying the status of unwritten customs that have developed over time."}, "json": true, "cursor": ""}}