Qualitative Interviews. A sample of convenience of U.S. health care leaders involved in portal activities was approached to solicit agreement to participate in phone interviews. Potential interviewees were solicited via email, and a brief description of the research was provided. Inclusion criteria included: • Larger health care organizations – hospitals or health care systems with inpatient and ambulatory services – over small, private practice offices • For-profit and nonprofit health care systems • Academic and non-academic health care systems • Cross-section of vendor platforms used for the organizations’ portals (e.g., Cerner, Epic) Exclusion criteria included: • Pediatric-only-focused organizations • Behavioral-health-only-focused organizations The recruitment process included soliciting referrals from network contacts: • Cerner Corporation Executives: Cerner is a large health information technology company. • Chief Medical Information officer at Emory Healthcare: Xxxxx Xxxxxxxx, MD, is the Chief Medical Information Officer at Emory Healthcare. • XxxxXxxxx.xxx: XxxxXxxxx.xxx is a nonprofit organization working to advocate for the sharing of visit notes with patients. An interview guide was prepared to ensure uniformity of questions. The questions were divided into four categories:
Qualitative Interviews. As with the literature review, an abstract template was created in Excel to complete a frequency distribution of features each organization readily stated they had available on their respective portals and the features interviewees conveyed potentially contributed to the likelihood of patients using a portal. For scorecard purposes, the frequency at which features that potentially contribute to the likelihood of use were referenced contributed to the final scorecard. When an element was referenced at least one time by an interviewee, it made it to a list of elements that could potentially inform the scorecard. For each subsequent, one-time mention by an additional interviewee, the tally for the element increased by one.
Qualitative Interviews. Through the course of the project with CARE-India, it was evident that water security and sanitation should be an immediate concern in the region, especially in the hard-to-reach villages. In a report published by the Xxxxxxxxxxx Institute of Management Patna (CIMP) in 2013, over 91% of rural households were reportedly supplied water by hand pump schemes (Das, 2013). Currently, the World Bank is working with the Ministry of Drinking Water Supply & Sanitation of India to implement a Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Program for Low Income States. The project goals were to improve water coverage within the state by supplying hand pumps, in addition to providing sanitation services. However, in a report released by the World Bank in September 2017, only 40% of the project was completed, and the overall progress toward the program objectives was deemed “Moderately Unsatisfactory” (World Bank, 2017). These numbers and programs also fail to take into account the number of damaged, inoperable hand pumps in the region, the quality of the water that is collected from the hand pumps, and the ability of villagers to rectify these issues. Therefore, it is imperative that rather than focusing on water access alone, such as access to a hand pump, data collection needs to focus on the quality of access. Many participants in the qualitative interviews reported that functionality of their hand pumps impacted their ability to access adequate water, especially if the hand pumps were underwater, dried out, and broken. Residents in poorer villages were unable to address problems with their hand pumps, and ended up using water from very unsafe sources, such as streams, lakes, and rivers that were often contaminated with feces due to open defecation. In addition, in some areas, even with access to functional water sources, participants reported water quality issues. Many participants reported odd tastes, smells, and color to their water and their associated impacts. Namely, they reported instances where their water turned their utensils, clothes, and even teeth different colors. While many participants stated that boiling or filtering water were mechanisms that could help make the water “safe”, this information does not take into account the inorganic contaminants of water in the region. Environmental studies in Bihar have indicated that there are widespread water quality issues in the region. One of the biggest factors affecting water quality is groundwater arsenic contaminatio...
Qualitative Interviews. Two methods will be employed to collect anecdotal data: 1) in-depth interviews will be conducted with 30 business owners in the market area, and 2) an on-line survey will be used to elicit from all available market areas, businesses information regarding their experiences in attempting to work with the County. The 30 in-depth interviews with business owners in the County ’s market area will provide categorical data describing barriers and exemplary practices in obtaining publicly funded contracts. In addition, in-depth interviews will provide an understanding of business owners’ perception of market area conditions that affect their access to credit, bonding, licenses, insurance, and interactions with trade associations, unions, suppliers, payment procedures, business practices, and employment practices. Interviewees will be identified at the two (2) community stakeholder town hall meetings in the market area. Interviewees will be current and former MWBE and non-minority male business owners in the goods and services industries. Interviewees will also be identified using bidder lists, trade and professional business association membership rosters, regional certification directories, and prequalification lists. Interviews will be transcribed and analyzed utilizing NVivo™ qualitative analysis software. The findings will be coded and reviewed for patterns and practices perceived as either barriers or exemplary procedures.
Qualitative Interviews. The methodology of this research brings together quantitative data and qualitative interviews with stakeholders. As proposed herein, the research seeks to provide an in-‐depth analysis of how local transformational leadership can integrate local areas into a global economy framework through alignment with global cities and through inclusion of ethnic entrepreneurs. Analysing transformational leadership at the local level through voting records, legislative positions and accounting of activities may help to interpret the how of political leadership, but not necessarily the why. In order to understand the motivations behind the behaviours of local elected officials, the most effective way for this research to analyse transformational change in any given local authority is to interview stakeholders and look for trends in changing levels of involvement or personal beliefs and agendas of the various actors. Fourteen local councillors are interviewed in addition to the Member of Parliament for East London. Five councillors are from Xxxxxxx, five from Barking & Dagenham, three from Tower Hamlets and one from the neighbouring borough of Newham. Twelve of the councillors are members of the Labour party, one is a Conservative and one is a member of the Tower Hamlets First Party. One of the councillors, Xxxxx Xxxxxx, was acting Mayor of Tower Hamlets for a short period during the course of this research. In addition, five local ethnic entrepreneurs, operating in the global marketplace and based in central or east London, are interviewed
