{"component": "definition", "props": {"groups": [{"size": 6, "snippet_links": [{"key": "establish-and-maintain", "type": "clause", "offset": [56, 78]}, {"key": "patient-access", "type": "clause", "offset": [232, 246]}, {"key": "the-products", "type": "clause", "offset": [251, 263]}, {"key": "price-setting", "type": "clause", "offset": [275, 288]}, {"key": "negotiations-with-governmental-authorities", "type": "clause", "offset": [316, 358]}], "snippet": "means any and all processes and activities conducted to establish and maintain national country reimbursement, as well as at country level, regional and local payor processes and activities to obtain and maintain local and regional patient access for the Products, including price setting, national mandatory rebate negotiations with Governmental Authorities and preparing reimbursement and economic dossiers.", "samples": [{"hash": "lflTnYi9Z6N", "uri": "/contracts/lflTnYi9Z6N#market-access", "label": "License, Development and Commercialization Agreement (Array Biopharma Inc)", "score": 28.6851463318, "published": true}, {"hash": "lglZbfhjiBl", "uri": "/contracts/lglZbfhjiBl#market-access", "label": "License, Development and Commercialization Agreement (Array Biopharma Inc)", "score": 28.6084880829, "published": true}, {"hash": "b7YecI7anuL", "uri": "http://pdf.secdatabase.com/254/0001100412-16-000042.pdf", "label": "pdf.secdatabase.com", "score": 8.9261474609, "published": false}], "hash": "d092a0c3a80316a278abe082049f4415", "id": 1}, {"size": 2, "snippet_links": [], "snippet": "Provision in the GATS?", "samples": [{"hash": "20UzriNZwlB", "uri": "/contracts/20UzriNZwlB#market-access", "label": "General Agreement on Trade in Services (Gats) Handbook", "score": 21.0, "published": true}, {"hash": "1reMFvrZDB", "uri": "/contracts/1reMFvrZDB#market-access", "label": "General Agreement on Trade in Services (Gats) Handbook", "score": 21.0, "published": true}], "hash": "eecfa85953d9ec5895641d2f26c6ca80", "id": 2}, {"size": 1, "snippet_links": [{"key": "the-efta", "type": "clause", "offset": [0, 8]}, {"key": "processed-agricultural-products", "type": "clause", "offset": [178, 209]}], "snippet": "The EFTA is offering 92.2% of its tariff lines covering 99.6% of India\u2019s exports. The EFTA\u2019s market access offer covers 100% of non-agriculture products and tariff concession on processed agricultural products (PAP). India offers 82.7% of its tariff lines, which covers 95.3% of EFTA exports, of which more than 80% import is gold. The effective duty on gold remains untouched.", "samples": [{"hash": "iLv8zrotNQo", "uri": "/contracts/iLv8zrotNQo#market-access", "label": "Trade and Economic Partnership Agreement (Tepa)", "score": 32.1877746582, "published": true}], "hash": "4800e91482b935b062339c3154c0120c", "id": 3}, {"size": 1, "snippet_links": [{"key": "conditions-under-which", "type": "clause", "offset": [20, 42]}, {"key": "agricultural-products", "type": "clause", "offset": [43, 64]}, {"key": "member-countries", "type": "clause", "offset": [92, 108]}, {"key": "systemic-change", "type": "clause", "offset": [131, 146]}, {"key": "border-measures", "type": "clause", "offset": [176, 191]}, {"key": "import-restrictions", "type": "definition", "offset": [214, 233]}, {"key": "product-a", "type": "definition", "offset": [278, 287]}, {"key": "schedule-of-tariff-concessions", "type": "definition", "offset": [363, 393]}, {"key": "integral-part", "type": "definition", "offset": [407, 420]}, {"key": "protection-measures", "type": "clause", "offset": [513, 532]}, {"key": "developing-countries", "type": "clause", "offset": [584, 604]}], "snippet": "means the terms and conditions under which agricultural products could be imported into WTO member countries. The UR resulted in a systemic change away from various non-tariff border measures, including quotas and import restrictions, and towards a tariff-only system. For each product a maximum, or ceiling level, the bound rate, is determined in each country\u2019s schedule of tariff concessions, which is an integral part of the GATT. Bound rates were determined either by calculating tariff equivalents to former protection measures (tariffication) or by setting ceiling levels. Many developing countries opted for the latter. Currently, bound rates vary from product to product and from country to country.", "samples": [{"hash": "fmI1Y0EJFah", "uri": "https://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/---ed_emp/documents/genericdocument/wcms_212857.pdf", "label": "www.ilo.org", "score": 1.6249144077, "published": false}], "hash": "36444b5dd62fdcb9d17ee8f62572dff6", "id": 4}, {"size": 1, "snippet_links": [{"key": "conditions-under-which", "type": "clause", "offset": [20, 42]}, {"key": "agricultural-products", "type": "clause", "offset": [43, 64]}, {"key": "the-territory", "type": "clause", "offset": [88, 101]}, {"key": "border-measures", "type": "clause", "offset": [202, 217]}, {"key": "import-restrictions", "type": "definition", "offset": [240, 259]}, {"key": "three-steps", "type": "clause", "offset": [331, 342]}], "snippet": "means the terms and conditions under which agricultural products could be imported into the territory of a WTO Member.165 The Uruguay Round resulted in a systemic change166 away from various non-tariff border measures, including quotas and import restrictions, and towards a tariff-only regime.167 To do that, the AOA has designed three steps to guide WTO members to fulfill their market access commitments: tariff binding and reduction, TRQ administration and the SSG provisions, which are", "samples": [{"hash": "73XRpyxxj1c", "uri": "https://repository.uantwerpen.be/docman/irua/958ab2/161979.pdf", "label": "Agreement", "score": 11.657084465, "published": false}], "hash": "0c75d2eccbc22fd12bb6a9fbc5a69881", "id": 5}, {"size": 1, "snippet_links": [{"key": "commitment-means", "type": "clause", "offset": [0, 16]}, {"key": "access-restrictions", "type": "definition", "offset": [37, 56]}], "snippet": "commitment means that certain market access restrictions will not be introduced in the sector or sub-sector concerned. These are:", "samples": [{"hash": "99ogXxcNHXx", "uri": "http://www.esf.be/pdfs/gats_initial_offers/New%20Zealand%20Initial%20Offer%20Summary%20310303.pdf", "label": "www.esf.be", "score": 3.0, "published": false}], "hash": "250210e483442622bfb0d0762a9af6d6", "id": 6}, {"size": 1, "snippet_links": [{"key": "to-establish", "type": "definition", "offset": [53, 65]}, {"key": "pricing-and-reimbursement", "type": "clause", "offset": [85, 110]}, {"key": "collaboration-product", "type": "clause", "offset": [117, 138]}, {"key": "patient-access", "type": "clause", "offset": [265, 279]}, {"key": "price-setting", "type": "clause", "offset": [322, 335]}, {"key": "applicable-governmental-authorities", "type": "definition", "offset": [381, 416]}, {"key": "related-activities", "type": "clause", "offset": [476, 494]}, {"key": "associated-with", "type": "definition", "offset": [495, 510]}, {"key": "the-foregoing", "type": "clause", "offset": [518, 531]}], "snippet": "means any and all processes and activities conducted to establish, seek and maintain pricing and reimbursement for a Collaboration Product, as well as country level, state, regional and local payor processes and activities to obtain and maintain local and regional patient access for such Collaboration Product, including price setting; national mandatory rebate negotiations with applicable Governmental Authorities; preparing reimbursement and economic dossiers; and policy-related activities associated with any of the foregoing.", "samples": [{"hash": "gIBeJSVCzUC", "uri": "/contracts/gIBeJSVCzUC#market-access", "label": "License Agreement (Seres Therapeutics, Inc.)", "score": 32.8576316833, "published": true}], "hash": "d88d434634361bb7154dd7ed937538c5", "id": 7}, {"size": 1, "snippet_links": [{"key": "restrictions-on", "type": "clause", "offset": [73, 88]}, {"key": "policy-options", "type": "clause", "offset": [203, 217]}], "snippet": "rule means that governments are prevented from \u201cintroducing quantitative restrictions on the amount of trade activity in a sector\u201d (Grieshaber-Otto and Sanger, 2002, p. iv). Hence, governments\u2019 economic policy options are curtailed.", "samples": [{"hash": "aIG6TI9cwIi", "uri": "https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/document?repid=rep1&type=pdf&doi=e92533abb1768bdaf1a73f8d84ca878520382f62", "label": "citeseerx.ist.psu.edu", "score": 3.0, "published": false}], "hash": "1aca0a48f1654a0a92969415f553c047", "id": 8}, {"size": 1, "snippet_links": [{"key": "in-the-case", "type": "clause", "offset": [0, 11]}, {"key": "the-conditions", "type": "clause", "offset": [27, 41]}, {"key": "by-members", "type": "clause", "offset": [82, 92]}, {"key": "specific-provision", "type": "clause", "offset": [200, 218]}, {"key": "the-fact", "type": "clause", "offset": [242, 250]}, {"key": "service-commitments", "type": "clause", "offset": [297, 316]}, {"key": "subject-to", "type": "definition", "offset": [333, 343]}, {"key": "types-of", "type": "clause", "offset": [352, 360]}, {"key": "for-example", "type": "definition", "offset": [403, 414]}, {"key": "number-of", "type": "definition", "offset": [450, 459]}, {"key": "service-operations", "type": "clause", "offset": [480, 498]}, {"key": "employees-in-the", "type": "clause", "offset": [502, 518]}, {"key": "the-value", "type": "clause", "offset": [527, 536]}, {"key": "form-of", "type": "definition", "offset": [564, 571]}, {"key": "the-service", "type": "definition", "offset": [572, 583]}, {"key": "the-participation", "type": "clause", "offset": [597, 614]}, {"key": "the-obligation", "type": "clause", "offset": [635, 649]}, {"key": "technical-regulations", "type": "definition", "offset": [779, 800]}, {"key": "other-members", "type": "definition", "offset": [804, 817]}, {"key": "mutual-recognition", "type": "definition", "offset": [821, 839]}, {"key": "to-enter", "type": "definition", "offset": [907, 915]}, {"key": "assessment-results", "type": "clause", "offset": [987, 1005]}, {"key": "to-establish", "type": "definition", "offset": [1078, 1090]}, {"key": "sanitary-and-phytosanitary-measures", "type": "clause", "offset": [1100, 1135]}, {"key": "consistent-with", "type": "clause", "offset": [1136, 1151]}], "snippet": "in the case of goods means the conditions, tariffs and non-tariff measures agreed by members for the entry of specific goods into their markets. In the case of services it takes on the character of a specific provision, GATS Art. XVI, due to the fact that countries are allowed to condition their service commitments. It may be made subject to various types of limitations enumerated in Article XVI(2). For example, limitations may be imposed on the number of services suppliers, service operations or employees in the sector; the value of transactions; the legal form of the service supplier; or the participation of foreign capital. The obligation of \u2018equivalence\u2019 is provided in TBT Art. 2.7 and requires WTO members to give \u201cpositive consideration to accepting as equivalent technical regulations of other Members\u201d. \u2018Mutual recognition\u2019 is referred to in TBT Art. 6.3, which strongly encourages members to enter into negotiations with other WTO members to mutually accept conformity assessment results. Finally, \u2018harmonization\u2019, referred to in SPS Art. 3, is the obligation to establish national sanitary and phytosanitary measures consistent with international norms.", "samples": [{"hash": "6UP33O5q8n5", "uri": "https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1181&context=lawpub", "label": "ir.lib.uwo.ca", "score": 7.4585900307, "published": false}], "hash": "9bcaf608094aa1f9af2782b87bbf6dd3", "id": 9}, {"size": 1, "snippet_links": [{"key": "access-to", "type": "definition", "offset": [6, 15]}, {"key": "foreign-market", "type": "definition", "offset": [18, 32]}], "snippet": "means access to a Foreign Market through a Counterparty Broker;", "samples": [{"hash": "1q1rftzr0Um", "uri": "https://cms.bdcb.gov.bn/storage/uploads/regulatories/17111192760786130.pdf", "label": "Notice", "score": 16.6646003723, "published": false}], "hash": "70d1876fb2bd8e6e917d322fc4de28ab", "id": 10}], "next_curs": "CloSVGoVc35sYXdpbnNpZGVyY29udHJhY3RzcjYLEhpEZWZpbml0aW9uU25pcHBldEdyb3VwX3Y1NiIWbWFya2V0LWFjY2VzcyMwMDAwMDAwYQyiAQJlbhgAIAA=", "definition": {"title": "Market Access", "size": 19, "snippet": "means any and all processes and activities conducted to establish and maintain national country reimbursement, as well as at country level, regional and local payor processes and activities to obtain and maintain local and regional patient access for the Products, including price setting, national mandatory rebate negotiations with Governmental Authorities and preparing reimbursement and economic dossiers.", "id": "market-access", "examples": ["For purposes of Chapter 2 (National Treatment and <strong>Market Access</strong> for Goods), Chapter 3 (Rules of Origin and Operational Procedures Related to Origin), Chapter 4 (Customs Procedures and Trade Facilitation), Chapter 5 (Trade Remedies), Chapter 6 (Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures), Chapter 7 (Technical Barriers to Trade), Article XX of the GATT 1994 and its interpretative notes are incorporated into and made part of this Agreement, mutatis mutandis.", "The Parties may negotiate commitments with respect to measures affecting trade in services not subject to scheduling under Article 106 (National Treatment) or Article 107 (<strong>Market Access</strong>), including those regarding qualifications, standards or licensing matters.", "Measures inconsistent with both Articles 106 (National Treatment) and \u2587\u2587\u2587 (\u2587\u2587\u2587\u2587\u2587\u2587 \u2587\u2587\u2587\u2587\u2587\u2587) are inscribed in the column relating to Article 107 (<strong>Market Access</strong>).", "Measures inconsistent with both <strong>Market Access</strong> and National Treatment shall be inscribed in the column relating to <strong>Market Access</strong>.", "The Parties may negotiate commitments with respect to measures affecting trade in services not subject to Article 3 (National Treatment) or Article 4 (<strong>Market Access</strong>), including those regarding qualifications, standards or licensing matters.", "Each Party shall set out in a schedule the specific commitments it undertakes under Article 3 (National Treatment), Article 4 (<strong>Market Access</strong>) and Article 5 (Additional Commitments).", "A Party&#x27;s measures allocating and assigning spectrum and managing frequencies shall not be considered inconsistent with Article 10.4 (<strong>Market Access</strong>), as it applies to either Chapter Nine (Investment) or Ten (Cross-Border Trade in Services).", "The Parties hereby establish a Sub-committee on <strong>Market Access</strong> comprising representatives of each Party.", "Unless otherwise required by the MSRB, all notices, documents and information provided to the MSRB pursuant to this Disclosure Agreement shall be provided to the MSRB&#x27;s Electronic Municipal <strong>Market Access</strong> (EMMA) system, the current Internet address of which is \u2587\u2587\u2587.\u2587\u2587\u2587\u2587.\u2587\u2587\u2587\u2587.\u2587\u2587\u2587.", "A non-conforming measure set out in an entry in a Party&#x27;s Schedule set out in Annex I or II as not subject to Article 9.3 (National Treatment), 9.4 (Most-Favored-Nation Treatment), 10.2 (National Treatment), 10.3 (Most-Favored-Nation Treatment) or 10.4 (<strong>Market Access</strong>), shall be treated as a non-conforming measure not subject to Article 11.2, 11.3 or 11.4, as the case may be, to the extent that the measure, sector, subsector, or activity set out in the entry is covered by this Chapter."], "related": [["direct-market-access", "Direct Market Access", "Direct <strong>Market Access</strong>"], ["internet-access", "Internet Access", "Internet Access"], ["direct-access", "Direct access", "Direct access"], ["market-abuse", "Market Abuse", "Market Abuse"], ["internet-access-service", "internet access service", "internet access service"]], "related_snippets": [], "updated": "2025-08-09T06:18:10+00:00"}, "json": true, "cursor": ""}}