Single-Purpose Entity Each Mortgage Loan requires the Mortgagor to be a Single-Purpose Entity for at least as long as the Mortgage Loan is outstanding. Each Mortgage Loan with a Cut-off Date Balance of $30 million or more has a counsel’s opinion regarding non-consolidation of the Mortgagor. For this purpose, a “Single-Purpose Entity” shall mean an entity, other than an individual, whose organizational documents and the related Mortgage Loan documents (or if the Mortgage Loan has a Cut-off Date Balance equal to $10 million or less, its organizational documents or the related Mortgage Loan documents) provide substantially to the effect that it was formed or organized solely for the purpose of owning and operating one or more of the Mortgaged Properties and prohibit it from engaging in any business unrelated to such Mortgaged Property or Mortgaged Properties, and whose organizational documents further provide, or which entity represented in the related Mortgage Loan documents, substantially to the effect that it does not have any assets other than those related to its interest in and operation of such Mortgaged Property or Mortgaged Properties, or any indebtedness other than as permitted by the related Mortgage(s) or the other related Mortgage Loan documents, that it has its own books and records and accounts separate and apart from those of any other person (other than a Mortgagor for a Mortgage Loan that is cross-collateralized and cross-defaulted with the related Mortgage Loan), and that it holds itself out as a legal entity, separate and apart from any other person or entity.
Single Purpose Entity/Separateness Borrower represents, warrants and covenants as follows:
(a) Borrower has not and will not:
(i) engage in any business or activity other than the ownership, operation and maintenance of the Properties, and activities incidental thereto;
(ii) acquire or own any assets other than (A) the Properties, and (B) such incidental Personal Property as may be necessary for the ownership and operation of the Properties;
(iii) merge into or consolidate with any Person, or dissolve, terminate, liquidate in whole or in part, transfer or otherwise dispose of all or substantially all of its assets or change its legal structure;
(iv) (A) fail to observe all organizational formalities necessary to maintain its separate existence, or fail to preserve its existence as an entity duly organized, validly existing and in good standing (if applicable) under the applicable Legal Requirements of the jurisdiction of its organization or formation, or (B) amend, modify, terminate or fail to comply with the single purpose entity provisions of its organizational documents, in each case without the prior written consent of Lender;
(v) own any subsidiary, or make any investment in, any Person;
(vi) except as contemplated by the Loan Documents with respect to co-borrowers under the Loan and prior loans that have been satisfied in full as of the date hereof, commingle its assets with the assets of any other Person, or permit any Affiliate or constituent party independent access to its bank accounts;
(vii) incur any debt, secured or unsecured, direct or contingent (including guaranteeing any obligation (other than certain obligations of Operating Lessee or a predecessor operating lessee)), other than the Debt and Permitted Debt and prior loans that have been satisfied in full as of the date hereof;
(viii) fail to maintain its records, books of account, bank accounts, financial statements, accounting records and other entity documents separate and apart from those of any other Person; except that Borrower’s financial position, assets, liabilities, net worth and operating results may be included in the consolidated financial statements of an Affiliate, provided that (A) appropriate notation shall be made on such consolidated financial statements to indicate the separate identity of Borrower from such Affiliate and that Borrower’s assets and credit are not available to satisfy the debts and other obligations of such Affiliate or any other Person, and (B) Borrower’s assets, liabilities and net worth shall also be listed on Borrower’s own separate balance sheet;
(ix) except for capital contributions or capital distributions permitted under the terms and conditions of Borrower’s organizational documents and properly reflected on its books and records, enter into any transaction, contract or agreement with any general partner, member, shareholder, principal, guarantor of the obligations of Borrower, or any Affiliate of the foregoing, except upon terms and conditions that are intrinsically fair, commercially reasonable and substantially similar to those that would be available on an arm’s-length basis with unaffiliated third parties;
(x) maintain its assets in such a manner that it will be costly or difficult to segregate, ascertain or identify its individual assets from those of any other Person;
(xi) except as contemplated by the Loan Documents with respect to co-borrowers under the Loan and prior loans that have been satisfied in full as of the date hereof and certain obligations of Operating Lessee (or a predecessor operating lessee) thereunder, assume or guaranty the debts of any other Person, hold itself out to be responsible for the debts of any other Person, or otherwise pledge its assets to secure the obligations of any other Person or hold out its credit or assets as being available to satisfy the obligations of any other Person;
(xii) make any loans or advances to any Person, or own any stock or securities of, any Person, or buy or hold evidence of indebtedness issued by any other Person;
(xiii) fail to (A) file its own tax returns separate from those of any other Person, except to the extent that Borrower is treated as a “disregarded entity” for tax purposes and is not required to file tax returns under applicable Legal Requirements and (B) pay any taxes required to be paid under applicable Legal Requirements; provided, however, that Borrower shall not have any obligation to reimburse its equityholders or their Affiliates for any taxes that such equityholders or their Affiliates may incur as a result of any profits or losses of Borrower;
(xiv) fail to (A) hold itself out to the public as a legal entity separate and distinct from any other Person, (B) conduct its business solely in its own name or (C) correct any known misunderstanding regarding its separate identity;
(xv) fail to intend to maintain adequate capital for the normal obligations reasonably foreseeable in a business of its size and character and in light of its contemplated business operations; provided, however, that the foregoing shall not require Borrower’s members, partners or shareholders to make additional capital contributions to Borrower;
(xvi) without the unanimous written consent of all of its partners or members, as applicable, and the written consent of all directors or managers of Borrower or each SPE Component Entity, as applicable including, without limitation, each Independent Director, take any Material Action or action that is intended to cause such entity to become insolvent;
(xvii) fail to fairly and reasonably allocate shared expenses (including, without limitation, shared office space and services performed by an employee of an Affiliate) among the Persons sharing such expenses;
(xviii) fail to intend to remain solvent or, except as contemplated by the Loan Documents with respect to co-borrowers under the Loan, pay its own liabilities (including, without limitation, salaries of its own employees) only from its own funds; provided, however, that the foregoing shall not require Borrower’s members, partners or shareholders to make additional capital contributions to Borrower;
(xix) acquire obligations or securities of its partners, members, shareholders or other affiliates, as applicable;
(xx) violate or cause to be violated the assumptions made with respect to Borrower and its principals in the Non-Consolidation Opinion or any New Non-Consolidation Opinion;
(xxi) fail to maintain a sufficient number of employees in light of its contemplated business operations;
(xxii) fail to maintain and use separate stationery, invoices and checks bearing its own name;
(xxiii) have any of its obligations guaranteed by an Affiliate, except (x) as contemplated by the Loan Documents and prior loans that have been satisfied in full as of the date hereof and (y) with respect to co-borrowers under the Loan or guarantees relating to obligations under the Management Agreements or Franchise Agreements; or
(xxiv) identify itself as a department or division of any other Person.
(i) If Borrower is a partnership or limited liability company (other than a single-member Delaware limited liability company formed under the Act which complies with the requirements of subsection (b)(ii) below) (an “Acceptable DE LLC”), each general partner in the case of a partnership, or the managing member in the case of a limited liability company (each an “SPE Component Entity”) of Borrower, as applicable, shall be an Acceptable DE LLC. Each SPE Component Entity (A) will at all times comply with each of the covenants, terms and provisions contained in Sections 6.1(a)(iii) through (vi) and (viii) through (xxiv) inclusive, as if such representation, warranty or covenant was made directly by such SPE Component Entity; (B) will not engage in any business or activity other than owning an interest in Borrower; (C) will not acquire or own any assets other than its partnership, membership, or other equity interest in Borrower; (D) will not own any subsidiary, or make any investment in any Person other than its investment in Borrower; (E) will not incur any debt, secured or unsecured, direct or contingent (including guaranteeing any obligation); and (F) will cause Borrower to comply with the provisions of this Section 6.1 and Section 6.4. Prior to the withdrawal or the disassociation of any SPE Component Entity from Borrower, Borrower shall immediately appoint a new general partner or managing member whose limited liability company agreement is substantially similar to that of such SPE Component Entity and, if an opinion letter pertaining to substantive consolidation was required at closing, deliver a new opinion letter acceptable to Lender and the Rating Agencies with respect to the new SPE Component Entity and its equity owners. Notwithstanding the foregoing, to the extent Borrower is an Acceptable DE LLC, so long as Borrower maintains such formation status and complies with the requirements set forth in subsection (b)(ii) below, the SPE Component Entity requirement as set forth in this section shall not be applicable. Furthermore, in no event shall Borrower or any SPE Component Entity be a corporation unless such corporation has a shareholder that is an Acceptable DE LLC that complies with Section 6.4 hereof and no Material Action may be taken with respect to such corporation without the vote of such Acceptable DE LLC and its Independent Directors.
(ii) In the event Borrower or SPE Component Entity is an Acceptable DE LLC (as referred to in this clause (ii), the “Company”), the limited liability company agreement of the Company (the “LLC Agreement”) shall provide that (A) upon the occurrence of any event that causes the sole member of the Company (“Member”) to cease to be the member of the Company (other than (1) upon an assignment by Member of all of its limited liability company interest in the Company and the admission of the transferee in accordance with the Loan Documents and the LLC Agreement, or (2) the resignation of Member and the admission of an additional member of the Company in accordance with the terms of the Loan Documents and the LLC Agreement), the personal representative of Member shall, within ninety (90) days, agree in writing to continue the existence of the Company and to the admission of such personal representative or its nominee or designee, as the case may be, as a substitute member of the Company, effective as of the occurrence of the event that caused the Member to cease to be a member of the Company, and a natural person duly designated under the LLC Agreement any person acting as Independent Director of the Company and executing the LLC Agreement (“Special Member”) shall, without any action of any other Person and simultaneously with the Member ceasing to be the member of the Company, automatically be admitted to the Company and shall continue the existence of the Company without dissolution, and (B) Special Member may not resign from the Company or transfer its rights as Special Member unless (1) a successor Special Member has been admitted to the Company as Special Member in accordance with the requirements of the Act and (2) after giving effect to such resignation, such successor Special Member has also accepted its appointment as an Independent Director. The LLC Agreement shall further provide that (v) Special Member shall automatically cease to be a member of the Company upon the admission to the Company of a substitute Member, (w) Special Member shall be a member of the Company that has no interest in the profits, losses and capital of the Company and has no right to receive any distributions of the assets of the Company, (x) pursuant to Section 18-301 of the Act, Special Member shall not be required to make any capital contributions to the Company and shall not receive a limited liability company interest in the Company, (y) Special Member, in its capacity as Special Member, may not bind the Company, and (z) except as required by any mandatory provision of the Act, Special Member, in its capacity as Special Member, shall have no right to vote on, approve or otherwise consent to any action by, or matter relating to, the Company, including, without limitation, the merger, consolidation or conversion of the Company; provided, however, such prohibition shall not limit the obligations of Special Member, in its capacity as Independent Director, to vote on such matters required by the Loan Documents or the LLC Agreement. Prior to its admission to the Company as Special Member, Special Member shall not be a member of the Company, but the Special Member may serve as an Independent Director of the Company. Any action initiated by or brought against Member or Special Member under any Creditors Rights Laws shall not cause Member or Special Member to cease to be a member of the Company and upon the occurrence of such an event, the existence of the Company shall continue without dissolution. The LLC Agreement shall also provide that each of Member and Special Member waives any right it might have to agree in writing to dissolve the Company upon the occurrence of any action initiated by or brought against Member or Special Member under any Creditors Rights Laws, or the occurrence of an event that causes Member or Special Member to cease to be a member of the Company.
(c) The organizational documents of Borrower and each SPE Component Entity shall provide an express acknowledgment that Lender is an intended third-party beneficiary of the “special purpose” provisions of such organizational documents.
(d) Borrower has executed and delivered to Lender the certificate attached hereto as Exhibit D.
Single Purpose Borrower hereby represents and warrants to, and covenants with, Lender that as of the date hereof and until such time as the Debt shall be paid in full, Borrower has not at any time, does not presently, and shall not:
(a) own any asset or property other than (i) the Property and assets related to the acquisition, ownership, development, leasing, use, management or operation of the Property and (ii) incidental personal property necessary for the acquisition, ownership, development, leasing, use, management or operation of the Property;
(b) engage in any business unrelated to the acquisition, ownership, development, leasing, use, management or operation of the Property;
(c) except for the Permitted Encumbrances and other contracts or agreements disclosed in writing to Lender, enter into any contract or agreement with any Affiliate of Borrower, any constituent party of Borrower or any Affiliate of any constituent party, except upon terms and conditions that are intrinsically fair and substantially similar to those that would be available in a comparable transaction on an arms-length basis with third parties other than any such party;
(d) incur any Indebtedness or obligations under operating leases other than (i) the Debt and all other sums due by Borrower under this Agreement or any other Loan Documents, (ii) unsecured trade payables, operating leases with respect to the Property and operational debt not evidenced by a note and in an aggregate amount not exceeding one percent (1%) of the original principal amount of the Loan at any one time, (iii) Indebtedness incurred in the financing of equipment and other personal property used on the Property with annual payments not exceeding $5,000,000 in the aggregate; and (iv) the obligation to make termination payments or reimburse rent payable by the tenants of the Property under the agreements entered into with existing or prospective tenants of the Property with Lender’s approval; and (v) tenant improvement allowances or similar concessions to tenants of the Property pursuant to Leases; provided that any Indebtedness incurred pursuant to subclauses (ii) and (iii) shall be (x) paid within sixty (60) days of the date incurred and (y) incurred in the ordinary course of business and any obligations under operating leases which shall be paid in accordance with their terms. No Indebtedness other than the Debt may be secured (subordinate or pari passu) by the Property;
(e) except for advances made to or for the benefit of Tenants for tenant improvement allowances or similar concessions pursuant to the Leases currently existing at the Property on the date hereof as disclosed on Schedule I attached hereto or Leases entered into after the date hereof in accordance with this Agreement, make any loans or advances to any third party (including any Affiliate or constituent party), and shall not acquire obligations or securities of its Affiliates;
(f) fail to remain solvent or fail to pay its debts and liabilities (including, as applicable, shared personnel and overhead expenses) from its assets as the same shall become due to the extent it has adequate funds to do so;
(g) fail to do all things necessary to observe organizational formalities and preserve its existence, and Borrower will not, nor will Borrower permit any constituent party to amend, modify or otherwise change the partnership certificate, partnership agreement, articles of incorporation and bylaws, operating agreement, trust or other organizational documents of Borrower or such constituent party without the prior consent of Lender in any manner that (i) violates the covenants set forth in this Section 3.1.24, or (ii) amends, modifies or otherwise changes any provision thereof that by its terms cannot be modified at any time when the Loan is outstanding or by its terms cannot be modified without Lender’s consent;
(h) fail to maintain all of its books, records, financial statements and bank accounts separate from those of its Affiliates and any constituent party. Borrower’s assets will not be listed as or list its assets on the financial statement of any other Person, provided, however, that Borrower’s assets may be included in a consolidated financial statement of its Affiliates provided that (i) appropriate notation shall be made on such consolidated financial statements to indicate the separateness of Borrower and such Affiliates and to indicate that Borrower’s assets and credit are not available to satisfy the debts and other obligations of such Affiliates or any other Person and (ii) such assets shall be listed on Borrower’s own separate balance sheet;
(i) fail to file its own (or consolidated) tax returns (to the extent Borrower is required to file any such tax returns) and will not file a consolidated federal income tax return with any other Person, except where Borrower is required to file consolidated tax returns by applicable Legal Requirements.
(j) fail to maintain its books, records, resolutions and agreements as official records;
(k) fail to be, or fail to hold itself out to the public as, a legal entity separate and distinct from any other entity (including any Affiliate or constituent party of Borrower), fail to correct any known misunderstanding regarding its status as a separate entity, fail to conduct business in its own name, or fail to maintain and utilize separate stationery, invoices and checks bearing its own name, and Borrower shall not identify itself or any of its Affiliates as a division or part of the other;
(l) fail to use commercially reasonable efforts to maintain adequate capital for the normal obligations reasonably foreseeable in a business of its size and character and in light of its contemplated business operations; provided, however, the foregoing shall not require the members of Borrower to make any additional capital contributions to Borrower;
(m) to the fullest extent permitted by law, seek or effect the liquidation, dissolution, winding up, liquidation, consolidation or merger, in whole or in part, of Borrower nor permit any constituent party of Borrower to do any of the foregoing;
(n) commingle the funds and other assets of Borrower with those of any Affiliate or any constituent party of Borrower or any other Person, and will hold all of its assets in its own name;
(o) fail to maintain its assets in such a manner that it will not be costly or difficult to segregate, ascertain or identify its individual assets from those of any Affiliate or constituent party of Borrower or any other Person;
(p) guarantee or become obligated for the debts of any other Person or hold itself out to be responsible for or have its credit available to satisfy the debts or obligations of any other Person;
(i) If Borrower is a limited partnership or a limited liability company (other than a single member limited liability company), fail to cause each general partner or managing member (each, an “SPC Party”) to be a corporation whose sole asset is its interest in Borrower and each such SPC Party will at all times comply, and will cause Borrower to comply, with each of the representations, warranties, and covenants contained in this Section 3.1.24 as if such representation, warranty or covenant was made directly by such SPC Party. Upon the withdrawal or the disassociation of an SPC Party from Borrower, Borrower shall immediately appoint a new SPC Party whose articles of incorporation are substantially similar to those of such SPC Party and deliver a new non-consolidation opinion to the Rating Agency or Rating Agencies, as applicable, with respect to the new SPC Party and its equity owners;
(ii) If Borrower is a single member limited liability company, fail to have at least two (2) springing members, one of which, upon the dissolution of such sole member or the withdrawal or the disassociation of the sole member from Borrower, shall immediately become the sole member of Borrower, and the other of which shall become the sole member of Borrower if the first such springing member no longer is available to serve as such sole member.
(q) fail to cause there to be at least two duly appointed members of the board of directors who are provided by a nationally recognized company that provides professional independent directors or manager (each, an “Independent Director” or “Independent Manager”) of each SPC Party and Borrower reasonably satisfactory to Lender who shall not have been at the time of such individual’s appointment or at any time while serving as a director of such SPC Party and Borrower, and may not have been at any time during the preceding five years (i) a stockholder, director (other than as an Independent Director or Independent Manager), officer, employee, partner, attorney or counsel of such SPC Party, Borrower or any Affiliate of either of them, (ii) a customer, supplier or other Person who derives any of its purchases or revenues from its activities with such SPC Party, Borrower or any Affiliate of either of them (other than its fees and charges for serving as an Independent Director or Independent Manager of the SPC Party), (iii) a Person or other entity controlling or under common control with any such stockholder, partner, customer, supplier or other Person prohibited by clause (i) or (ii) above, or (iv) a member of the immediate family of any such stockholder, director, officer, employee, partner, customer, supplier or other Person prohibited by clause (i) or (ii) above. (For purposes of this subclause (o), the term “Affiliate” means any person controlling, under common control with, or controlled by the person in question; and the term “control” means the possession, directly or indirectly, of the power to direct or cause the direction of management, policies or activities of a person or entity, whether through ownership of voting securities, by contract or otherwise.) A natural person who satisfies the foregoing definition other than subparagraph (ii) shall not be disqualified from serving as an Independent Director or Independent Manager of the SPC Party if such individual is an independent director or independent manager provided by a nationally-recognized company that provides professional independent directors or independent managers and that also provides other corporate services in the ordinary course of its business. A natural person who otherwise satisfies the foregoing definition except for being the independent director or independent manager of a “special purpose entity” affiliated with the borrower that does not own a direct or indirect equity interest in the borrower or any co-borrower shall not be disqualified from serving as an Independent Director or Independent Manager of the SPC Party if such individual is at the time of initial appointment, or at any time while serving as a Independent Director or Independent Manager of the SPC Party, an Independent Director or Independent Manager of a “special purpose entity” affiliated with the Borrower or the SPC Party (other than any entity that owns a direct or indirect equity interest in borrower or any co-borrower) if such individual is an independent director or independent manager provided by a nationally-recognized company that provides professional independent directors or independent managers. For purposes of this paragraph, a “special purpose entity” is an entity, whose organizational documents contain restrictions on its activities substantially similar to those set forth in the SPC Party’s organizational documents.
(r) cause or permit the board of directors or managers of any SPC Party or Borrower to take any action which, under the terms of any certificate of incorporation, by-laws or any voting trust agreement with respect to any common stock or under any organizational document of Borrower or SPC Party, requires a vote of the board of directors or managers of each SPC Party and Borrower unless at the time of such action there shall be at least two (2) members of the board of directors or managers who are each an Independent Director or Independent Manager.
(s) fail to conduct its business so that the assumptions made with respect to Borrower in the Insolvency Opinion shall be true and correct in all respects. In connection with the foregoing, Borrower hereby covenants and agrees that it will comply with or cause the compliance with, (i) all of the facts and assumptions (whether regarding the Borrower or any other Person) set forth in the Insolvency Opinion, (ii) all the representations, warranties and covenants in this Section 3.1.24, and (iii) all the organizational documents of the Borrower and any SPC Party.
(t) permit any Affiliate or constituent party of Borrower independent access to its bank accounts.
(u) fail to pay the salaries of its own employees (if any) from its own funds to the extent it has adequate funds to do so and maintain a sufficient number of employees (if any) in light of its contemplated business operations; provided, however, the foregoing shall not require the members of Borrower to may any additional contributions to Borrower.
(v) fail to compensate each of its consultants and agents from its funds for services provided to it and pay from its own assets all obligations of any kind incurred.
Additional Capital Contributions and Issuances of Additional Partnership Interests Except as provided in this Section 4.2 or in Section 4.3, the Partners shall have no right or obligation to make any additional Capital Contributions or loans to the Partnership. The General Partner may contribute additional capital to the Partnership, from time to time, and receive additional Partnership Interests in respect thereof, in the manner contemplated in this Section 4.2.
Sole purpose of the Concessionaire The Concessionaire having been set up for the sole purpose of exercising the rights and observing and performing its obligations and liabilities under this Agreement, the Concessionaire or any of its subsidiaries shall not, except with the previous written consent of the Authority, be or become directly or indirectly engaged, concerned or interested in any business other than as envisaged herein.
Additional Public Interest Commitments Registry Operator shall comply with the public interest commitments set forth in Specification 11 attached hereto (“Specification 11”).
What if I Make a Contribution for Which I Am Ineligible or Change My Mind About the Type of IRA to Which I Wish to Contribute?
Ventures, Subsidiaries and Affiliates; Outstanding Stock and Indebtedness Except as set forth in Disclosure Schedule (3.8), as of the Closing Date, no Credit Party has any Subsidiaries, is engaged in any joint venture or partnership with any other Person, or is an Affiliate of any other Person. All of the issued and outstanding Stock of each Credit Party is owned by each of the Stockholders and in the amounts set forth in Disclosure Schedule (3.8). Except as set forth in Disclosure Schedule (3.8), there are no outstanding rights to purchase, options, warrants or similar rights or agreements pursuant to which any Credit Party may be required to issue, sell, repurchase or redeem any of its Stock or other equity securities or any Stock or other equity securities of its Subsidiaries. All outstanding Indebtedness and Guaranteed Indebtedness of each Credit Party as of the Closing Date (except for the Obligations) is described in Section 6.3 (including Disclosure Schedule (6.3)).
Purpose of the Company The purpose of the Company shall be to engage in any lawful business the Company may undertake. In furtherance of its purposes, but subject to the provisions of this Agreement, the Company shall have all powers necessary and appropriate for the accomplishment of such purposes that are conferred to limited liability companies under the Act.
Admission of the Corporate Taxpayer into a Consolidated Group; Transfers of Corporate Assets (a) If the Corporate Taxpayer is or becomes a member of an affiliated or consolidated group of corporations that files a consolidated income tax return pursuant to Sections 1501 et seq. of the Code or any corresponding provisions of state or local law, then: (i) the provisions of this Agreement shall be applied with respect to the group as a whole; and (ii) Tax Benefit Payments, Early Termination Payments and other applicable items hereunder shall be computed with reference to the consolidated taxable income of the group as a whole.
(b) If any entity that is obligated to make a Tax Benefit Payment or Early Termination Payment hereunder transfers one or more assets to a corporation (or a Person classified as a corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes) with which such entity does not file a consolidated tax return pursuant to Section 1501 of the Code, such entity, for purposes of calculating the amount of any Tax Benefit Payment or Early Termination Payment (e.g., calculating the gross income of the entity and determining the Realized Tax Benefit of such entity) due hereunder, shall be treated as having disposed of such asset in a fully taxable transaction on the date of such contribution. The consideration deemed to be received by such entity shall be equal to the fair market value of the contributed asset. For purposes of this Section 7.11, a transfer of a partnership interest shall be treated as a transfer of the transferring partner’s share of each of the assets and liabilities of that partnership.
