Computation Costs Sample Clauses

Computation Costs. The computation costs are measured by counting the number of most compute intensive operations and taking their corresponding computational time into account. We denote the timing for the bilinear pairing as Tb, the point multiplication Tmp, point addition Tap, modular exponentiation Te, a symmetric encryption/decryption Ts, and hash operation Th. The timings of these operations have been computed in [25] on a personal computer with a 2.5 GHz CPU, an 8 GB RAM and Windows 7 as OS for an 80-bit security level. This corresponds with a hash function resulting in a 160-bit output and an EC of order 160, i.e., q = 160. For the timing of the same operations on a more constrained device, mimicking a SM, a single core 798 MHz CPU and 256 MB of RAM is chosen. We refer to [14] for the corresponding timings. In addition, similar as in [14], the time to execute a 128-bit arbiter PUF call on an embedded device MSP430 micro controller with 798 MHz CPU is derived from [26]. For the time to execute a fuzzy extractor generation operation, TFE.Gen, and a fuzzy extractor reconstruction operation, TRE.Rec, the code offset mechanism using the Bose-Chaudhuri-Hocquenghem (BCH) code is considered, as in [27]. Table 3 shows the comparison of the computational overheads between our scheme and [9–11,14]. As it can be seen, our scheme is offering a better overall computational complexity compared to most of the other schemes. The complexity is very close to the scheme of [12]. However, the scheme of [11] is still slightly more efficient at the side of the SM. This cost in performance needs to be paid in order to offer resistance in the CK security model. In addition, there is a huge difference in complexity with [14] at the SM, as the timing in [14] strictly depends on the efficiency of the PUF and the fuzzy extractor and no EC operations are computed. However, it should be noted that the fuzzy extractor of the PUF has several severe limitations [15]. Scheme Cost at SM ms Cost at SP µs [9] [10] 4Tmp + 4Tap + Te + 5Th ≈31.59 3Tmp + 2Tap + 2Tb + Te + 5Th ≈38.27 Table 3. Comparison of computational complexity among other schemes. 3Tmp + Tap + Te + 6Th ≈25.72 2Tmp + Tap + 2Tb + Te + 6Th ≈37.28 [11] 2Tmp + Te + 5Th ≈19.79 3Tmp + Tb + Te + 5Th ≈21.26 [12] 4Tmp + Tap + 5Th ≈23.80 4Tmp + Tap + 5Th ≈3.98 [14] 5Th + TPUF + TFE.Rec ≈ 3.53 6Th + TRE.Gen ≈1170 Ours 4Tmp + Tap + Ts + 5Th ≈23.81 4Tmp + 2Tap + Ts + 5Th ≈3.99
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Computation Costs. To achieve exact computational costs is impossible and also impracticable. Different implementations of an identical group key agreement scheme bring different results. Even the same implementation cannot guarantee same result in different environments. However, it can estimate the computation costs by identifying the expensive and time-critical operations. The protocol can be ignored the concrete operation time, and only compare the number of such operations. Some computations can be pre-performed before protocol run or computed when the system is idle. Hence only the operations which have to be performed sequentially should be considered. Those operations are denoted by serial operations.

Related to Computation Costs

  • INTEREST CALCULATION COSTS 10.1 As set forth in 31 CFR 205.27, interest calculation costs are defined as those costs necessary for the actual calculation of interest, including the cost of developing and maintaining clearance patterns in support of the interest calculations. Interest calculation costs do not include expenses for normal disbursing services, such as processing of checks or maintaining records for accounting and reconciliation of cash balances, or expenses for upgrading or modernizing accounting systems. Interest calculation costs in excess of $50,000 in any year are not eligible for reimbursement, unless the State provides justification with the annual report. 10.2 The State expects to incur the following types of interest calculation costs: Costs of calculating interest, including the cost of developing and maintaining clearance patterns in support of interest calculations. 10.3 The State shall submit all claims for reimbursement of interest calculation costs with its Annual Report in accordance with 31 CFR 205.

  • Collection Costs In the event collection efforts are required to obtain payment on this Account, to the extent permitted by law, You agree to pay all court costs, private process server fees, investigation fees or other costs incurred in collection and reasonable attorneys' fees incurred in the course of collecting any amounts owed under this Agreement or in the recovery of any Collateral.

  • Construction Costs Under no circumstances shall the Consultant be liable for extra costs or other consequences due to unknown conditions or related to the failure of contractors to perform work in accordance with the plans and specifications. Consultant shall have no liability whatsoever for any costs arising out of the Client’s decision to obtain bids or proceed with construction before the Consultant has issued final, fully-approved plans and specifications. The Client acknowledges that all preliminary plans are subject to substantial revision until plans are fully approved and all permits obtained.

  • Termination Costs If a Party elects to terminate this Agreement pursuant to Article 2.3.1 above, the terminating Party shall pay all costs incurred (including any cancellation costs relating to orders or contracts for Attachment Facilities and equipment) or charges assessed by the other Parties, as of the date of the other Parties’ receipt of such notice of termination, that are the responsibility of the terminating Party under this Agreement. In the event of termination by a Party, all Parties shall use commercially Reasonable Efforts to mitigate the costs, damages and charges arising as a consequence of termination. Upon termination of this Agreement, unless otherwise ordered or approved by FERC: 2.4.1 With respect to any portion of the Connecting Transmission Owner’s Attachment Facilities that have not yet been constructed or installed, the Connecting Transmission Owner shall to the extent possible and with Developer’s authorization cancel any pending orders of, or return, any materials or equipment for, or contracts for construction of, such facilities; provided that in the event Developer elects not to authorize such cancellation, Developer shall assume all payment obligations with respect to such materials, equipment, and contracts, and the Connecting Transmission Owner shall deliver such material and equipment, and, if necessary, assign such contracts, to Developer as soon as practicable, at Developer’s expense. To the extent that Developer has already paid Connecting Transmission Owner for any or all such costs of materials or equipment not taken by Developer, Connecting Transmission Owner shall promptly refund such amounts to Developer, less any costs, including penalties incurred by the Connecting Transmission Owner to cancel any pending orders of or return such materials, equipment, or contracts. If Developer terminates this Agreement, it shall be responsible for all costs incurred in association with Developer’s interconnection, including any cancellation costs relating to orders or contracts for Attachment Facilities and equipment, and other expenses including any System Upgrade Facilities and System Deliverability Upgrades for which the Connecting Transmission Owner has incurred expenses and has not been reimbursed by the Developer. 2.4.2 Connecting Transmission Owner may, at its option, retain any portion of such materials, equipment, or facilities that Developer chooses not to accept delivery of, in which case Connecting Transmission Owner shall be responsible for all costs associated with procuring such materials, equipment, or facilities. 2.4.3 With respect to any portion of the Attachment Facilities, and any other facilities already installed or constructed pursuant to the terms of this Agreement, Developer shall be responsible for all costs associated with the removal, relocation or other disposition or retirement of such materials, equipment, or facilities.

  • Company Expenses Subject to the limitations described below, the Company agrees to pay all costs and expenses incident to the Offering, whether or not the transactions contemplated hereunder are consummated or this Agreement is terminated, including expenses, fees and taxes in connection with: (a) the registration fee, the preparation and filing of the Registration Statement (including without limitation financial statements, exhibits, schedules and consents), the Prospectus, and any amendments or supplements thereto, and the printing and furnishing of copies of each thereof to the Dealer Manager and to Participating Dealers (including costs of mailing and shipment); (b) the preparation, issuance and delivery of certificates, if any, for the Offered Shares, including any stock or other transfer taxes or duties payable upon the sale of the Offered Shares; (c) all fees and expenses of the Company’s legal counsel, independent public or certified public accountants and other advisors; (d) the qualification of the Offered Shares for offering and sale under state laws in the states, including the Qualified Jurisdictions, that the Company shall designate as appropriate and the determination of their eligibility for sale under state law as aforesaid and the printing and furnishing of copies of blue sky surveys; (e) filing for review by FINRA of all necessary documents and information relating to the Offering and the Offered Shares (including the reasonable legal fees and filing fees and other disbursements of counsel relating thereto); (f) the fees and expenses of any transfer agent or registrar for the Offered Shares and miscellaneous expenses referred to in the Registration Statement; (g) all costs and expenses incident to the travel and accommodation of the Advisor’s personnel, and the personnel of any sub-advisor designated by the Advisor and acting on behalf of the Company, in making road show presentations and presentations to Participating Dealers and other broker-dealers and financial advisors with respect to the offering of the Offered Shares; and (h) the performance of the Company’s other obligations hereunder. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Company shall not directly pay, or reimburse the Advisor for, the costs and expenses described in this Section 3.1 if the payment or reimbursement of such expenses would cause the aggregate of the Company’s “organization and offering expenses” as defined by FINRA Rule 2310 (including the Company expenses paid or reimbursed pursuant to this Section 3.1, all items of underwriting compensation including Dealer Manager expenses described in Section 3.2 and due diligence expenses described in Section 3.3) to exceed 15.0% of the gross proceeds from the sale of the Primary Shares.

  • Modification Costs Developer shall not be assigned the costs of any additions, modifications, or replacements that Connecting Transmission Owner makes to the Connecting Transmission Owner’s Attachment Facilities or the New York State Transmission System to facilitate the interconnection of a third party to the Connecting Transmission Owner’s Attachment Facilities or the New York State Transmission System, or to provide Transmission Service to a third party under the NYISO OATT, except in accordance with the cost allocation procedures in Attachment S of the NYISO OATT. Developer shall be responsible for the costs of any additions, modifications, or replacements to the Developer Attachment Facilities that may be necessary to maintain or upgrade such Developer Attachment Facilities consistent with Applicable Laws and Regulations, Applicable Reliability Standards or Good Utility Practice.

  • Litigation Costs If any legal action or other proceeding is brought for the enforcement of this Agreement or to remedy its breach, the prevailing party in such action or proceeding shall be entitled to recover its actual attorney's fees and other costs incurred in the action or proceeding, in addition to such other relief to which it may be entitled.

  • Administration Costs The Borrower shall pay the Bank for all reasonable costs incurred by the Bank in connection with administering this Agreement.

  • Transaction Costs Borrower shall have paid or reimbursed Lender for all title insurance premiums, recording and filing fees or taxes, costs of environmental reports, Physical Conditions Reports, appraisals and other reports, the fees and costs of Lender's counsel and all other third party out-of-pocket expenses incurred in connection with the origination of the Loan.

  • Relocation Costs If relocation occurs after the Commencement Date, then Landlord shall pay Tenant's reasonable third-party costs of moving Tenant's furnishings, telephone and computer wiring, and other property to the Substitute Premises, and reasonable printing costs associated with the change of address.

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