Definition of SQL databases Sample Clauses

Definition of SQL databases. Question: What is an SQL database? 6 SQL (Structured Query Language) is a programming language for relational databases standardized by ISO as an international norm. It is used to:  define the structure of databases (SQL‐DDL: Data Definition Language).  query data in the database with complex search criteria linked together in Boolean conditions (SQL‐DQL: Data Query Language).  modify the data: insert new values, update old ones, delete deprecated records, etc. (SQL‐ DML: Data Manipulation Language).  handle the security and integrity of the databases: allocate hierarchical rights and privileges to users, rollback aborted transactions, etc. (SQL‐DCL: Data Control Language). A lot of database software is compatible with SQL (especially those intended for Internet access to the data). But they often vary from the ISO norm and are extended with additional programming functionalities specific to each implementation, thus allowing the use of a language similar to C in database statements. MySQL and PostgreSQL5 are two well‐known and widely used open‐source database management systems compatible with SQL. The main drawback of SQL is that it is a text‐based programming language without graphical interface. MySQL and PostgreSQL feature nonetheless modules and extensions helping the user to generate SQL statements from a graphical interface (e.g. ‘phpMyAdmin’ for MySQL and ‘PGAdmin3’ for PostgreSQL). PostgreSQL features a plug‐in called ‘PostGIS’ that extends the original SQL statement with specific instructions for geographical data, allowing calculations of distances and areas, creation of base data for maps, reprojections, etc.
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