LEVELS OF EFFORT REQUIRED Sample Clauses

LEVELS OF EFFORT REQUIRED. TO MANAGE ODS BANKS This table underlined the fact that, even when cost elements were not explicitly addressed, the management of existing ODS banks, in foams, was seen as representing the most significant challenge (largely high effort). Indeed, in some instances (e.g. PU Spray Foams) it was acknowledged that recovery and destruction of blowing agents from those sources was still globally unproven technically. This reflects the fact that flows of ODS into building demolition waste streams are still in their infancy and there is little global experience as yet in managing such materials. Even in Japan, where the regulation of demolition processes attracts high levels of compliance, a study on ODS Bank Management in the built environment conducted by the Japan Technical Committee on Construction Materials (JTCCM) in the period 2002-2005 concluded that it was not possible to mandate the recovery and destruction of ODS in buildings because of continuing uncertainties about technical feasibility and economic impacts. Of course, this is not to rule out the likelihood that experience will spawn innovation and technological development in this area. However, the Japanese view was that this is best achieved by voluntary action, often supported by incentives, rather than unenforceable legislation. Against this background, the TEAP analysis decided to exclude those ODS banks in the high effort category from further consideration, since neither technical feasibility nor economic viability could be established from the available data. However, there were a few foam sectors which fell into the medium effort category, at least in the densely populated urban areas, and these were identified as follows:  Appliances  Commercial Refrigeration  Steel-faced Panels  Block Pipe Section and Slab In practice, the quantity of block (bun32) manufactured and used globally is relatively small as a proportion of the total. Where pipe section is produced from block (or, indeed, extruded from thermoplastic foams), there is a potential for recovery during decommissioning. This may also be the case for block (bun) foam prefabricated for use in composite panels. Cost estimates were therefore produced only for these areas of foam use. Table 4-2 shows the outcome of the TEAP analysis on costs of recovery and destruction based per kilogram of blowing agent destroyed. For steel-faced panels there is also some relevant experience, since these products tend to be used on buildings in Europe ...