Common use of Manner of Holding Securities Clause in Contracts

Manner of Holding Securities. (1) The Custodian shall at all times hold Securities of each Fund either: (i) by physical possession of the share certificates or other instruments representing such Securities, in registered or bearer form; in the vault of the Custodian, Domestic Subcustodian, a Special Custodian, depository or agent of the Custodian; or in an account maintained by the Custodian or agent at a Securities System (as hereinafter defined); or (ii) in book-entry form by a Securities System in accordance with the provisions of sub-paragraph (3) below. (2) The Custodian may hold registrable portfolio Securities which have been delivered to it in physical form, by registering the same in the name of the appropriate Fund or its nominee, or in the name of the Custodian or its nominee, for whose actions such Fund and Custodian, respectively, shall be fully responsible. Upon the receipt of Instructions, the Custodian shall hold such Securities in street certificate form, so called, with or without any indication of representative capacity. However, unless it receives Instructions to the contrary, the Custodian will register all such portfolio Securities in the name of the Custodian's authorized nominee. All such Securities shall be held in an account of the Custodian containing only assets of the appropriate Fund or only assets held by the Custodian for the benefit of customers, provided that the records of the Custodian shall indicate at all times the Fund or other customer for which such Securities are held in such accounts and the respective interests therein. (3) The Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a Fund in, and each Fund hereby approves use of: (a) The Depository Trust & Clearing Corporation; (b) any other clearing agency registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) under section 17A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, which acts as a securities depository; and (c) a Federal Reserve Bank or other entity authorized to operate the federal book-entry system described in the regulations of the Department of the Treasury or book-entry systems operated pursuant to comparable regulations of other federal agencies. Upon the receipt of Special Instructions, the Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a Fund in any other domestic clearing agency that may otherwise be authorized by the SEC to serve in the capacity of depository or clearing agent for the Securities or other assets of investment companies and that acts as a Securities depository. Each of the foregoing shall be referred to in this Agreement as a "Securities System", and all such Securities Systems shall be listed on the attached Appendix A. Use of a Securities System shall be in accordance with applicable Federal Reserve Board and SEC rules and regulations, if any, and subject to the following provisions: (i) The Custodian may deposit the Securities directly or through one or more agents or Subcustodians which are also qualified to act as custodians for investment companies. (ii) Securities held in a Securities System shall be subject to any agreements or rules effective between the Securities System and the Custodian or a Subcustodian, as the case may be. (iii) Any Securities deposited or maintained in a Securities System shall be held in an account ("Account") of the Custodian or a Subcustodian in the Securities System that includes only assets held by the Custodian or a Subcustodian as a custodian or otherwise for customers. (iv) The books and records of the Custodian shall at all times identify those Securities belonging to any one or more Funds which are maintained in a Securities System. (v) The Custodian shall pay for Securities purchased for the account of a Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that such Securities have been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such payment and transfer for the account of such Fund. The Custodian shall transfer Securities sold for the account of a Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that payment for such Securities has been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such transfer and payment for the account of such Fund. Copies of all advices from the Securities System relating to transfers of Securities for the account of a Fund shall be maintained for such Fund by the Custodian. Such copies may be maintained by the Custodian in electronic form. The Custodian shall make available to the Fund or its agent on the next business day, by Electronic Communication, facsimile, or other means reasonably acceptable to both parties, daily transaction activity that shall include each day’s transactions for the account of such Fund. (vi) The Custodian shall, if requested by a Fund pursuant to Instructions, provide such Fund with reports obtained by the Custodian or any Subcustodian with respect to a Securities System's accounting system, internal accounting control and procedures for safeguarding Securities deposited in the Securities System.

Manner of Holding Securities. (1) The Custodian shall at all times hold Securities of each Fund either: (i) by physical possession of the share certificates or other instruments representing such Securities, in registered or bearer form; in the vault of the Custodian, Domestic Subcustodian, a Special Custodian, depository or agent of the Custodian; or in an account maintained by the Custodian or agent at a Securities System (as hereinafter defined); or (ii) in book-entry form by a Securities System in accordance with the provisions of sub-paragraph (3) below. (2) The Custodian may hold registrable portfolio Securities which have been delivered to it in physical form, by registering the same in the name of the appropriate Fund or its nominee, or in the name of the Custodian or its nominee, for whose actions such Fund and Custodian, respectively, shall be fully responsible. Upon the receipt of Instructions, the Custodian shall hold such Securities in street certificate form, so called, with or without any indication of representative capacity. However, unless it receives Instructions to the contrary, the Custodian will register all such portfolio Securities in the name of the Custodian's ’s authorized nominee. All such Securities shall be held in an account of the Custodian containing only assets of the appropriate Fund or only assets held by the Custodian for the benefit of customers, provided that the records of the Custodian shall indicate at all times the Fund or other customer for which such Securities are held in such accounts and the respective interests therein. (3) The Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a Fund in, and each Fund hereby approves use of: (a) The Depository Trust & Clearing Corporation; (b) any other clearing agency registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) under section 17A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, which acts as a securities depository; and (c) a Federal Reserve Bank or other entity authorized to operate the federal book-entry system described in the regulations of the Department of the Treasury or book-entry systems operated pursuant to comparable regulations of other federal agencies. Upon the receipt of Special Instructions, the Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a Fund in any other domestic clearing agency that may otherwise be authorized by the SEC to serve in the capacity of depository or clearing agent for the Securities or other assets of investment companies and that acts as a Securities depository. Each of the foregoing shall be referred to in this Agreement as a "“Securities System"”, and all such Securities Systems shall be listed on the attached Appendix A. Use of a Securities System shall be in accordance with applicable Federal Reserve Board and SEC rules and regulations, if any, and subject to the following provisions: (i) The Custodian may deposit the Securities directly or through one or more agents or Subcustodians which are also qualified to act as custodians for investment companies. (ii) Securities held in a Securities System shall be subject to any agreements or rules effective between the Securities System and the Custodian or a Subcustodian, as the case may be. (iii) Any Securities deposited or maintained in a Securities System shall be held in an account ("“Account"”) of the Custodian or a Subcustodian in the Securities System that includes only assets held by the Custodian or a Subcustodian as a custodian or otherwise for customers. (iv) The books and records of the Custodian shall at all times identify those Securities belonging to any one or more Funds which are maintained in a Securities System. (v) The Custodian shall pay for Securities purchased for the account of a Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that such Securities have been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such payment and transfer for the account of such Fund. The Custodian shall transfer Securities sold for the account of a Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that payment for such Securities has been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such transfer and payment for the account of such Fund. Copies of all advices from the Securities System relating to transfers of Securities for the account of a Fund shall be maintained for such Fund by the Custodian. Such copies may be maintained by the Custodian in electronic form. The Custodian shall make available to the Fund or its agent on the next business day, by Electronic Communication, facsimile, or other means reasonably acceptable to both parties, daily transaction activity that shall include each day’s transactions for the account of such Fund. (vi) The Custodian shall, if requested by a Fund pursuant to Instructions, provide such Fund with reports obtained by the Custodian or any Subcustodian with respect to a Securities System's ’s accounting system, internal accounting control and procedures for safeguarding Securities deposited in the Securities System.

Manner of Holding Securities. (1a) The Custodian shall at all times hold Securities securities of each Fund either: or Series (i) by physical possession of the share certificates or other instruments representing such Securities, securities in registered or bearer form; in the vault of the Custodian, Domestic Subcustodian, a Special Custodian, depository or agent of the Custodian; or in an account maintained by the Custodian or agent at a Securities System (as hereinafter defined); or (ii) in book-entry form by a Securities System in accordance or by a transfer agent or registrar of another investment company (an “Underlying Fund System”), or (iii) with respect to Loans, by possession of all documents, certificates and other such instruments, including any schedule of payments (“Financing Documents”) as are delivered to the provisions of sub-paragraph (3) belowCustodian. (2b) Upon receipt of Proper Instructions, the Custodian shall open an Account in the name of each Fund or Series and shall hold registered securities of each Fund or Series (i) in the name or any nominee name of the Custodian, a Subcustodian or the Fund, or (ii) in street name. In carrying out the foregoing obligation, the Custodian shall, to the extent permitted by law and, where Custodian deems it advisable based upon any legal advice Custodian has obtained with respect to a particular market and upon other factors the Custodian deems appropriate, hold registered securities of each Fund or Series in a manner that is appropriate to the Fund’s tax domicile and that takes into consideration the best interests of the Fund with respect to regulatory matters relating to custody; and provided further that the Custodian shall, on an ongoing basis, provide accurate information to a Fund and such other persons as a Fund may designate with respect to the registration status of each Fund’s securities, and an accurate record of securities held by each Fund and such Fund’s respective interest therein. (c) The Custodian may hold registrable portfolio Securities which have been delivered to it in physical formProperty for all of its customers, by registering the same in the name of the appropriate including a Fund or its nominee, or in the name of the Custodian or its nominee, for whose actions such Fund and Custodian, respectively, shall be fully responsible. Upon the receipt of Instructions, the Custodian shall hold such Securities in street certificate form, so calledSeries, with or without any indication of representative capacity. However, unless it receives Instructions to the contrary, the Custodian will register all such portfolio Securities in the name of the Custodian's authorized nominee. All such Securities shall be held Foreign Subcustodian in an account of the Custodian containing only assets of the appropriate Fund or only assets held by Account that is identified as belonging to the Custodian for the benefit of customersits customers or in a depository account, provided including an omnibus account, with an Eligible Securities Depository; provided, however, that (i) the records of the Custodian shall indicate at all times the with respect to Property of any Fund or other customer for which such Securities Series that are held maintained in such accounts and Account or depository account shall identify such Property as belonging to the respective interests therein. (3) The Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a applicable Fund in, and each Fund hereby approves use of: (a) The Depository Trust & Clearing Corporation; (b) any other clearing agency registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) under section 17A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, which acts as a securities depository; or Series and (cii) a Federal Reserve Bank or other entity authorized to operate the federal book-entry system described extent permitted and customary in the regulations of market in which the Department of the Treasury Account or book-entry systems operated pursuant to comparable regulations of other federal agencies. Upon the receipt of Special Instructionsdepository account is maintained, the Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned shall require that Property so held by a Fund in any other domestic clearing agency that may otherwise be authorized by the SEC to serve in the capacity of depository Foreign Subcustodian or clearing agent for the Eligible Securities or other assets of investment companies and that acts as a Securities depository. Each of the foregoing shall be referred to in this Agreement as a "Securities System", and all such Securities Systems shall be listed on the attached Appendix A. Use of a Securities System shall be in accordance with applicable Federal Reserve Board and SEC rules and regulations, if any, and subject to the following provisions: (i) The Custodian may deposit the Securities directly or through one or more agents or Subcustodians which are also qualified to act as custodians for investment companies. (ii) Securities held in a Securities System shall be subject to any agreements or rules effective between the Securities System and the Custodian or a Subcustodian, as the case may be. (iii) Any Securities deposited or maintained in a Securities System shall Depository be held in an account ("Account") separately from any assets of the Custodian or a Subcustodian in the Securities System that includes only assets held by the Custodian or a Subcustodian as a custodian or otherwise for customerssuch Foreign Subcustodian. (iv) The books and records of the Custodian shall at all times identify those Securities belonging to any one or more Funds which are maintained in a Securities System. (vd) The Custodian shall pay for send each Fund a written statement, advice or notification of any transfers of any Property of the Fund to or from an Account or an account at an Eligible Securities purchased for Depository (a “depository account”). Each such statement, advice or notification shall identify the account Property transferred and the entity that has custody of the Property. Unless a Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that such Securities have been transferred to the Account of provides the Custodian in accordance with a written exception or objection to any such statement, advice or notification within ninety (90) days of Fund’s receipt thereof, the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such payment and transfer for the account of such Fund. The Custodian shall transfer Securities sold for the account of a Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that payment for such Securities has been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such transfer and payment for the account of such Fund. Copies of all advices from the Securities System relating to transfers of Securities for the account of a Fund shall be maintained for deemed to have approved such Fund statement, advice or notification. To the extent permitted by law and the Custodian. Such copies may be maintained by terms of this Agreement, the Custodian in electronic form. The Custodian shall make available to the Fund or its agent on the next business day, by Electronic Communication, facsimile, or other means reasonably acceptable to both parties, daily transaction activity that shall include each day’s transactions not be liable for the account contents of any such statement, advice or notification that has been approved by a Fund. (vi) The Custodian shall, if requested by a Fund pursuant to Instructions, provide such Fund with reports obtained by the Custodian or any Subcustodian with respect to a Securities System's accounting system, internal accounting control and procedures for safeguarding Securities deposited in the Securities System.

Manner of Holding Securities. (1a) The Custodian shall at all times hold Securities securities of each Fund either: or Series (i) by physical possession of the share certificates or other instruments representing such Securities, securities in registered or bearer form; in the vault of the Custodian, Domestic Subcustodian, a Special Custodian, depository or agent of the Custodian; or in an account maintained by the Custodian or agent at a Securities System (as hereinafter defined); or (ii) in book-entry form by a Securities System in accordance or by a transfer agent or registrar of another investment company (an "Underlying Fund System"), or (iii) with respect to Loans, by possession of all documents, certificates and other such instruments, including any schedule of payments ("Financing Documents") as are delivered to the provisions of sub-paragraph (3) belowCustodian. (2b) Upon receipt of Proper Instructions, the Custodian shall open an Account in the name of each Fund or Series and shall hold registered securities of each Fund or Series (i) in the name or any nominee name of the Custodian, a Subcustodian or the Fund, or (ii) in street name. In carrying out the foregoing obligation, the Custodian shall, to the extent permitted by law and, where Custodian deems it advisable based upon any legal advice Custodian has obtained with respect to a particular market and upon other factors the Custodian deems appropriate, hold registered securities of each Fund or Series in a manner that is appropriate to the Fund's tax domicile and that takes into consideration the best interests of the Fund with respect to regulatory matters relating to custody; and provided further that the Custodian shall, on an ongoing basis, provide accurate information to a Fund and such other persons as a Fund may designate with respect to the registration status of each Fund's securities, and an accurate record of securities held by each Fund and such Fund's respective interest therein. (c) The Custodian may hold registrable portfolio Securities which have been delivered to it in physical formProperty for all of its customers, by registering the same in the name of the appropriate including a Fund or its nominee, or in the name of the Custodian or its nominee, for whose actions such Fund and Custodian, respectively, shall be fully responsible. Upon the receipt of Instructions, the Custodian shall hold such Securities in street certificate form, so calledSeries, with or without any indication of representative capacity. However, unless it receives Instructions to the contrary, the Custodian will register all such portfolio Securities in the name of the Custodian's authorized nominee. All such Securities shall be held Foreign Subcustodian in an account of the Custodian containing only assets of the appropriate Fund or only assets held by Account that is identified as belonging to the Custodian for the benefit of customersits customers or in a depository account, provided including an omnibus account, with an Eligible Securities Depository; provided, however, that (i) the records of the Custodian shall indicate at all times the with respect to Property of any Fund or other customer for which such Securities Series that are held maintained in such accounts and Account or depository account shall identify such Property as belonging to the respective interests therein. (3) The Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a applicable Fund in, and each Fund hereby approves use of: (a) The Depository Trust & Clearing Corporation; (b) any other clearing agency registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) under section 17A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, which acts as a securities depository; or Series and (cii) a Federal Reserve Bank or other entity authorized to operate the federal book-entry system described extent permitted and customary in the regulations of market in which the Department of the Treasury Account or book-entry systems operated pursuant to comparable regulations of other federal agencies. Upon the receipt of Special Instructionsdepository account is maintained, the Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned shall require that Property so held by a Fund in any other domestic clearing agency that may otherwise be authorized by the SEC to serve in the capacity of depository Foreign Subcustodian or clearing agent for the Eligible Securities or other assets of investment companies and that acts as a Securities depository. Each of the foregoing shall be referred to in this Agreement as a "Securities System", and all such Securities Systems shall be listed on the attached Appendix A. Use of a Securities System shall be in accordance with applicable Federal Reserve Board and SEC rules and regulations, if any, and subject to the following provisions: (i) The Custodian may deposit the Securities directly or through one or more agents or Subcustodians which are also qualified to act as custodians for investment companies. (ii) Securities held in a Securities System shall be subject to any agreements or rules effective between the Securities System and the Custodian or a Subcustodian, as the case may be. (iii) Any Securities deposited or maintained in a Securities System shall Depository be held in an account ("Account") separately from any assets of the Custodian or a Subcustodian in the Securities System that includes only assets held by the Custodian or a Subcustodian as a custodian or otherwise for customerssuch Foreign Subcustodian. (iv) The books and records of the Custodian shall at all times identify those Securities belonging to any one or more Funds which are maintained in a Securities System. (vd) The Custodian shall pay for send each Fund a written statement, advice or notification of any transfers of any Property of the Fund to or from an Account or an account at an Eligible Securities purchased for Depository (a "depository account"). Each such statement, advice or notification shall identify the account Property transferred and the entity that has custody of the Property. Unless a Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that such Securities have been transferred to the Account of provides the Custodian in accordance with a written exception or objection to any such statement, advice or notification within ninety (90) days of Fund's receipt thereof, the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such payment and transfer for the account of such Fund. The Custodian shall transfer Securities sold for the account of a Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that payment for such Securities has been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such transfer and payment for the account of such Fund. Copies of all advices from the Securities System relating to transfers of Securities for the account of a Fund shall be maintained for deemed to have approved such Fund statement, advice or notification. To the extent permitted by law and the Custodian. Such copies may be maintained by terms of this Agreement, the Custodian in electronic form. The Custodian shall make available to the Fund or its agent on the next business day, by Electronic Communication, facsimile, or other means reasonably acceptable to both parties, daily transaction activity that shall include each day’s transactions not be liable for the account contents of any such statement, advice or notification that has been approved by a Fund. (vi) The Custodian shall, if requested by a Fund pursuant to Instructions, provide such Fund with reports obtained by the Custodian or any Subcustodian with respect to a Securities System's accounting system, internal accounting control and procedures for safeguarding Securities deposited in the Securities System.

Manner of Holding Securities. (1) The Custodian shall at all times hold Securities of each Fund either: (i) by physical possession of the share certificates or other instruments representing such Securities, in registered or bearer form; in the vault of the Custodian, Domestic Subcustodian, a Special Custodian, depository or agent of the Custodian; or in an account maintained by the Custodian or agent at a Securities System (as hereinafter defined); or (ii) in book-entry form by a Securities System in accordance with the provisions of sub-paragraph (3) below. (2) The Custodian may hold registrable portfolio Securities which have been delivered to it in physical form, by registering the same in the name of the appropriate Fund or its nominee, or in the name of the Custodian or its nominee, for whose actions such Fund and Custodian, respectively, shall be fully responsible. Upon the receipt of Instructions, the Custodian shall hold such Securities in street certificate form, so called, with or without any indication of representative capacity. However, unless it receives Instructions to the contrary, the Custodian will register all such portfolio Securities in the name of the Custodian's authorized nominee. All such Securities shall be held in an account of the Custodian containing only assets of the appropriate Fund or only assets held by the Custodian for the benefit of customers, provided that the records of the Custodian shall indicate at all times the Fund or other customer for which such Securities are held in such accounts and the respective interests therein. (3) The Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a Fund in, and each Fund hereby approves use of: (a) The Depository Trust & Clearing Corporation; (b) any other clearing agency registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) under section 17A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, which acts as a securities depository; and (c) a Federal Reserve Bank or other entity authorized to operate the federal book-entry system described in the regulations of the Department of the Treasury or book-entry systems operated pursuant to comparable regulations of other federal agencies. Upon the receipt of Special Instructions, the Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a Fund in any other domestic clearing agency that may otherwise be authorized by the SEC to serve in the capacity of depository or clearing agent for the Securities or other assets of investment companies and that acts as a Securities depository. Each of the foregoing shall be referred to in this Agreement as a "Securities System", and all such Securities Systems shall be listed on the attached Appendix A. Use of a Securities System shall be in accordance with applicable Federal Reserve Board and SEC rules and regulations, if any, and subject to the following provisions: (i) The Custodian may deposit the Securities directly or through one or more agents or Subcustodians which are also qualified to act as custodians for investment companies. (ii) Securities held in a Securities System shall be subject to any agreements or rules effective between the Securities System and the Custodian or a Subcustodian, as the case may be. (iii) Any Securities deposited or maintained in a Securities System shall be held in an account ("Account") of the Custodian or a Subcustodian in the Securities System that includes only assets held by the Custodian or a Subcustodian as a custodian or otherwise for customers. (iv) The books and records of the Custodian shall at all times identify those Securities belonging to any one or more Funds which are maintained in a Securities System. (v) The Custodian shall pay for Securities purchased for the account of a Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that such Securities have been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such payment and transfer for the account of such Fund. The Custodian shall transfer Securities sold for the account of a Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that payment for such Securities has been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such transfer and payment for the account of such Fund. Copies of all advices from the Securities System relating to transfers of Securities for the account of a Fund shall be maintained for such Fund by the Custodian. Such copies may be maintained by the Custodian in electronic form. The Custodian shall make available to the Fund or its agent on the next business day, by Electronic Communication, data file, facsimile, or other means reasonably acceptable to both parties, daily transaction activity that shall include each day’s transactions for the account of such Fund. (vi) The Custodian shall, if requested by a Fund pursuant to Instructions, provide such Fund with reports obtained by the Custodian or any Subcustodian with respect to a Securities System's accounting system, internal accounting control and procedures for safeguarding Securities deposited in the Securities System. (vii) The Custodian otherwise complies with the requirements of Rule 17f-4 under the 1940 Act.

Manner of Holding Securities. (1) The Custodian shall at all times hold Securities of each the Fund either: (i) by physical possession of the share certificates certificates, completed Subscription Agreements, or other instruments representing such Securities, in registered or bearer form; in the vault of the Custodian, Domestic Subcustodian, a Special Custodian, depository or agent of the Custodian; or in an account maintained by the Custodian or agent at a Securities System (as hereinafter defined); or (ii) in book-entry form by a Securities System in accordance with the provisions of sub-paragraph (3) below. (2) The Custodian may hold registrable portfolio Securities which have been delivered to it in physical form, by registering the same in the name of the appropriate Fund or its nominee, or in the name of the Custodian or its nominee, for whose actions such Fund and Custodian, respectively, shall be fully responsible. Upon the receipt of Instructions, the Custodian shall hold such Securities in street certificate form, so called, with or without any indication of representative capacity. However, unless it receives Instructions to the contrary, the Custodian will register all such portfolio Securities in the name of the Custodian's authorized nominee. All such Securities shall be held in an account of the Custodian containing only assets of the appropriate Fund or only assets held by the Custodian for the benefit of customers, provided that the records of the Custodian shall indicate at all times the Fund or other customer for which such Securities are held in such accounts and the respective interests therein. (3) The Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a Fund in, and each the Fund hereby approves use of: (a) The Depository Trust & Clearing Corporation; (b) any other clearing agency registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) under section 17A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, which acts as a securities depository; and (c) a Federal Reserve Bank or other entity authorized to operate the federal book-entry system described in the regulations of the Department of the Treasury or book-entry systems operated pursuant to comparable regulations of other federal agencies. Upon the receipt of Special Instructions, the Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a Fund in any other domestic clearing agency that may otherwise be authorized by the SEC to serve in the capacity of depository or clearing agent for the Securities or other assets of investment companies and that acts as a Securities depository. Each of the foregoing shall be referred to in this Agreement as a "Securities System", and all such Securities Systems shall be listed on the attached Appendix A. Use of a Securities System shall be in accordance with applicable Federal Reserve Board and SEC rules and regulations, if any, and subject to the following provisions: (i) The Custodian may deposit the Securities directly or through one or more agents or Subcustodians which are also qualified to act as custodians for investment companies. (ii) Securities held in a Securities System shall be subject to any agreements or rules effective between the Securities System and the Custodian or a Subcustodian, as the case may be. (iii) Any Securities deposited or maintained in a Securities System shall be held in an account ("Account") of the Custodian or a Subcustodian in the Securities System that includes only assets held by the Custodian or a Subcustodian as a custodian or otherwise for customers. (iv) The books and records of the Custodian shall at all times identify those Securities belonging to any one or more Funds the Fund which are maintained in a Securities System. (v) The Custodian shall pay for Securities purchased for the account of a Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that such Securities have been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such payment and transfer for the account of such Fund. The Custodian shall transfer Securities sold for the account of a Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that payment for such Securities has been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such transfer and payment for the account of such Fund. Copies of all advices from the Securities System relating to transfers of Securities for the account of a Fund shall be maintained for such Fund by the Custodian. Such copies may be maintained by the Custodian in electronic form. The Custodian shall make available to the Fund or its agent on the next business day, by Electronic Communication, facsimile, or other means reasonably acceptable to both parties, daily transaction activity that shall include each day’s transactions for the account of such Fund. (vi) The Custodian shall, if requested by a Fund pursuant to Instructions, provide such Fund with reports obtained by the Custodian or any Subcustodian with respect to a Securities System's accounting system, internal accounting control and procedures for safeguarding Securities deposited in the Securities System.

Manner of Holding Securities. (1) The Custodian shall at all times hold Securities of each Fund either: (i) by physical possession of the share certificates or other instruments representing such Securities, Securities in registered or bearer form; in the vault of the Custodian, Domestic Subcustodian, a Special Custodian, depository or agent of the Custodian; or in an account maintained by the Custodian or agent at a Securities System (as hereinafter defined); or (ii) in book-entry form by a Securities System (as hereinafter defined) in accordance with the provisions of sub-paragraph (3) below. (2) The Custodian may hold registrable portfolio Securities which have been delivered to it in physical form, by registering the same in the name of the appropriate Fund or its nominee, or in the name of the Custodian or its nominee, for whose actions such Fund and Custodian, respectively, shall be fully responsible. Upon the receipt of Instructions, the Custodian shall hold such Securities in street certificate form, so called, with or without any indication of representative fiduciary capacity. However, unless it receives Instructions to the contrary, the Custodian will register all such portfolio Securities in the name of the Custodian's authorized nominee. All such Securities shall be held in an account of the Custodian containing only assets of the appropriate Fund or only assets held by the Custodian for the benefit of customersas a fiduciary, provided that the records of the Custodian shall indicate at all times the Fund or other customer for which such Securities are held in such accounts and the respective interests therein. (3) The Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a Fund in, and each Fund hereby approves use of: (a) The Depository Trust & Clearing Corporation; Company; (b) any other clearing agency registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) under section 17A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, which acts as a securities depositoryThe Participants Trust Company; and (c) a Federal Reserve Bank or other entity authorized to operate the federal any book-entry system described as provided in (i) Subpart O of Treasury Circular Xx. 000, 00 XXX 306.115, (ii) Subpart B of Treasury Circular Public Debt Series Xx. 00-00, 00 XXX 350.2, or (iii) the regulations of the Department of the Treasury or book-entry systems operated pursuant to comparable regulations of other federal agenciesagencies substantially in the form of 31 CFR 306.115. Upon the receipt of Special Instructions, the Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a Fund in any other domestic clearing agency that registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") under Section 17A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (or as may otherwise be authorized by the SEC to serve in the capacity of depository or clearing agent for the Securities or other assets of investment companies and that companies) which acts as a Securities depository. Each of the foregoing shall be referred to in this Agreement as a "Securities System", and all such Securities Systems shall be listed on the attached Appendix A. Use of a Securities System shall be in accordance with applicable Federal Reserve Board and SEC rules and regulations, if any, and subject to the following provisions: (i) The Custodian may deposit the Securities directly or through one or more agents or Subcustodians which are also qualified to act as custodians for investment companies. (ii) The Custodian shall deposit and/or maintain the Securities held in a Securities System shall be subject to any agreements or rules effective between the System, provided that such Securities System and the Custodian or a Subcustodian, as the case may be. (iii) Any Securities deposited or maintained in a Securities System shall be held are represented in an account ("Account") of the Custodian or a Subcustodian in the Securities System that includes only assets held by the Custodian or a Subcustodian as a fiduciary, custodian or otherwise for customers. (iviii) The books and records of the Custodian shall at all times identify those Securities belonging to any one or more Funds which are maintained in a Securities System. (viv) The Custodian shall pay for Securities purchased for the account of a Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that such Securities have been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such payment and transfer for the account of such Fund. The Custodian shall transfer Securities sold for the account of a Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that payment for such Securities has been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such transfer and payment for the account of such Fund. Copies of all advices from the Securities System relating to transfers of Securities for the account of a Fund shall be maintained for such Fund by the Custodian. Such copies may be maintained by the Custodian in electronic form. The Custodian shall make available deliver to the a Fund or its agent on the next succeeding business day, by Electronic Communication, facsimile, or other means reasonably acceptable to both parties, day daily transaction activity reports that shall include each day’s 's transactions in the Securities System for the account of such Fund. Such transaction reports shall be delivered to such Fund or any agent designated by such Fund pursuant to Instructions, by computer or in such other manner as such Fund and Custodian may agree. (viv) The Custodian shall, if requested by a Fund pursuant to Instructions, provide such Fund with reports obtained by the Custodian or any Subcustodian with respect to a Securities System's accounting system, internal accounting control and procedures for safeguarding Securities deposited in the Securities System. (vi) Upon receipt of Special Instructions, the Custodian shall terminate the use of any Securities System on behalf of a Fund as promptly as practicable and shall take all actions reasonably practicable to safeguard the Securities of such Fund maintained with such Securities System.

Manner of Holding Securities. (1) The Custodian shall at all times hold Securities of each Fund either: (i) by physical possession of the share certificates or other instruments representing such Securities, Securities in registered or bearer form; in the vault of the Custodian, Domestic Subcustodian, a Special Custodian, depository or agent of the Custodian; or in an account maintained by the Custodian or agent at a Securities System (as hereinafter defined); or (ii) in book-entry form by a Securities System (as hereinafter defined) in accordance with the provisions of sub-paragraph (3) below. (2) The Custodian may hold registrable portfolio Securities which have been delivered to it in physical form, by registering the same in the name of the appropriate Fund or its nominee, or in the name of the Custodian or its nominee, for whose actions such Fund and Custodian, respectively, shall be fully responsible. Upon the receipt of Instructions, the Custodian shall hold such Securities in street certificate form, so called, with or without any indication of representative fiduciary capacity. However, unless it receives Instructions to the contrary, the Custodian will register all such portfolio Securities in the name of the Custodian's authorized nominee. All such Securities shall be held in an account of the Custodian containing only assets of the appropriate Fund or only assets held by the Custodian for the benefit of customersas a fiduciary, provided that the records of the Custodian shall indicate at all times the Fund or other customer for which such Securities are held in such accounts and the respective interests therein. (3) The Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a Fund in, and each Fund hereby approves use of: (a) The Depository Trust & Clearing Corporation; Company; (b) any other clearing agency registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) under section 17A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, which acts as a securities depositoryThe Participants Trust Company; and (c) a Federal Reserve Bank or other entity authorized to operate the federal any book-entry system described as provided in (i) Subpart 0 of Treasury Circular Xx. 000, 00 XXX 306.115, (ii) Subpart B of Treasury Circular Public Debt Series Xx. 00-00, 00 XXX 350.2, or (iii) the regulations of the Department of the Treasury or book-entry systems operated pursuant to comparable regulations of other federal agenciesagencies substantially in the form of 31 CFR 306.115. Upon the receipt of Special Instructions, the Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a Fund in any other domestic clearing agency that registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") under Section 17A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (or as may otherwise be authorized by the SEC to serve in the capacity of depository or clearing agent for the Securities or other assets of investment companies and that companies) which acts as a Securities depository. Each of the foregoing shall be referred to in this Agreement as a "Securities System", and all such Securities Systems shall be listed on the attached Appendix A. Use of a Securities System shall be in accordance with applicable Federal Reserve Board and SEC rules and regulations, if any, and subject to the following provisions: (i) The Custodian may deposit the Securities directly or through one or more agents or Subcustodians which are also qualified to act as custodians for investment companies. (ii) The Custodian shall deposit and/or maintain the Securities held in a Securities System shall be subject to any agreements or rules effective between the System, provided that such Securities System and the Custodian or a Subcustodian, as the case may be. (iii) Any Securities deposited or maintained in a Securities System shall be held are represented in an account ("Account") of the Custodian or a Subcustodian in the Securities System that includes only assets held by the Custodian or a Subcustodian as a fiduciary, custodian or otherwise for customers. (iviii) The books and records of the Custodian shall at all times identify those Securities belonging to any one or more Funds which are maintained in a Securities System. (viv) The Custodian shall pay for Securities purchased for the account of a Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that such Securities have been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such payment and transfer for the account of such Fund. The Custodian shall transfer Securities sold for the account of a Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that payment for such Securities has been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such transfer and payment for the account of such Fund. Copies of all advices from the Securities System relating to transfers of Securities for the account of a Fund shall be maintained for such Fund by the Custodian. Such copies may be maintained by the Custodian in electronic form. The Custodian shall make available deliver to the a Fund or its agent on the next succeeding business day, by Electronic Communication, facsimile, or other means reasonably acceptable to both parties, day daily transaction activity that reports which shall include each day’s 's transactions in the Securities System for the account of such Fund. Such transaction reports shall be delivered to such Fund or any agent designated by such Fund pursuant to Instructions, by computer or in such other manner as such Fund and Custodian may agree. (viv) The Custodian shall, if requested by a Fund pursuant to Instructions, provide such Fund with reports obtained by the Custodian or any Subcustodian with respect to a Securities System's accounting system, internal accounting control and procedures for safeguarding Securities deposited in the Securities System. (vi) Upon receipt of Special Instructions, the Custodian shall terminate the use of any Securities System on behalf of a Fund as promptly as practicable and shall take all actions reasonably practicable to safeguard the Securities of such Fund maintained with such Securities System.

Manner of Holding Securities. (1) The Custodian shall at all times hold Securities of each the Fund either: (i) by physical possession of the share certificates certificates, completed Subscription Agreements, or other instruments representing such Securities, in registered or bearer form; in the vault of the Custodian, Domestic Subcustodian, a Special Custodian, depository or agent of the Custodian; or in an account maintained by the Custodian or agent at a Securities System (as hereinafter defined); or (ii) in book-entry form by a Securities System in accordance with the provisions of sub-paragraph (3) below. (2) The Custodian may hold registrable portfolio Securities which have been delivered to it in physical form, by registering the same in the name of the appropriate Fund or its nominee, or in the name of the Custodian or its nominee, for whose actions such Fund and Custodian, respectively, shall be fully responsible. Upon the receipt of Instructions, the Custodian shall hold such Securities in street certificate form, so called, with or without any indication of representative capacity. However, unless it receives Instructions to the contrary, the Custodian will register all such portfolio Securities in the name of the Custodian's authorized nominee. All such Securities shall be held in an account of the Custodian containing only assets of the appropriate Fund or only assets held by the Custodian for the benefit of customers, provided that the records of the Custodian shall indicate at all times the Fund or other customer for which such Securities are held in such accounts and the respective interests therein. (3) The Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a Fund in, and each the Fund hereby approves use of: (a) The Depository Trust & Clearing Corporation; (b) any other clearing agency registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) under section 17A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, which acts as a securities depository; and (c) a Federal Reserve Bank or other entity authorized to operate the federal book-entry system described in the regulations of the Department of the Treasury or book-entry systems operated pursuant to comparable regulations of other federal agencies. Upon the receipt of Special Instructions, the Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a Fund in any other domestic clearing agency that may otherwise be authorized by the SEC to serve in the capacity of depository or clearing agent for the Securities or other assets of investment companies and that acts as a Securities depository. Each of the foregoing shall be referred to in this Agreement as a "Securities System", and all such Securities Systems shall be listed on the attached Appendix A. Use of a Securities System shall be in accordance with applicable Federal Reserve Board and SEC rules and regulations, if any, and subject to the following provisions: (i) The Custodian may deposit the Securities directly or through one or more agents or Subcustodians which are also qualified to act as custodians for investment companies. (ii) Securities held in a Securities System shall be subject to any agreements or rules effective between the Securities System and the Custodian or a Subcustodian, as the case may be. (iii) Any Securities deposited or maintained in a Securities System shall be held in an account ("Account") of the Custodian or a Subcustodian in the Securities System that includes only assets held by the Custodian or a Subcustodian as a custodian or otherwise for customers. (iv) The books and records of the Custodian shall at all times identify those Securities belonging to any one or more Funds the Fund which are maintained in a Securities System. (v) The Custodian shall pay for Securities purchased for the account of a Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that such Securities have been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such payment and transfer for the account of such Fund. The Custodian shall transfer Securities sold for the account of a Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that payment for such Securities has been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such transfer and payment for the account of such Fund. Copies of all advices from the Securities System relating to transfers of Securities for the account of a Fund shall be maintained for such Fund by the Custodian. Such copies may be maintained by the Custodian in electronic form. The Custodian shall make available to the Fund or its agent on the next business day, by Electronic Communication, facsimile, or other means reasonably acceptable to both parties, daily transaction activity that shall include each day’s transactions for the account of such Fund. (vi) The Custodian shall, if requested by a Fund pursuant to Instructions, provide such Fund with reports obtained by the Custodian or any Subcustodian with respect to a Securities System's accounting system, internal accounting control and procedures for safeguarding Securities deposited in the Securities System. (vii) The Custodian otherwise complies with the requirements of Rule 17f-4 under the 1940 Act.

Manner of Holding Securities. (1) The Custodian shall at all times hold Securities of each Fund either: (i) by physical possession of the share certificates or other instruments representing such Securities (or subscription agreements or other evidence of ownership of such Securities), in registered or bearer form; in the vault of the Custodian, Domestic Subcustodian, a Special Custodian, depository or agent of the Custodian; or in an account maintained by the Custodian or agent at a Securities System (as hereinafter defined); or (ii) in book-entry form by a Securities System in accordance with the provisions of sub-paragraph (3) below. (2) The Custodian may hold registrable portfolio Securities which have been delivered to it in physical form, by registering the same in the name of the appropriate Fund or its nominee, or in the name of the Custodian or its nominee, for whose actions such Fund and Custodian, respectively, shall be fully responsible. Upon the receipt of Instructions, the Custodian shall hold such Securities in street certificate form, so called, with or without any indication of representative fiduciary capacity. However, unless it receives Instructions to the contrary, the Custodian will register all such portfolio Securities in the name of the Custodian's authorized nominee. All such Securities shall be held in an account of the Custodian containing only assets of the appropriate Fund or only assets held by the Custodian for the benefit of customers, as a fiduciary, provided that the records of the Custodian shall indicate at all times the Fund, or the Fund or and other customer customers, for which such Securities are held in such accounts and the respective interests therein. (3) The Custodian may shall deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities eligible for deposit therein and owned by a Fund in, and each Fund hereby approves use of: (a) The Depository Trust & Clearing Corporation; (b) any other clearing agency registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) under section 17A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, which acts as a securities depository; and (c) a Federal Reserve Bank or other entity authorized to operate the federal book-entry system described in the regulations of the Department of the Treasury or book-entry systems operated pursuant to comparable regulations of other federal agencies. Upon the receipt of Special Instructions, the Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a Fund in any other domestic clearing agency that may otherwise be authorized by the SEC to serve in the capacity of depository or clearing agent for the Securities or other assets of investment companies and that acts as a Securities depository. Each of the foregoing shall be referred to in this Agreement as a "Securities System", and all such Securities Systems shall be listed on the attached Appendix A. Use of a Securities System shall be in accordance with applicable Federal Reserve Board and SEC rules and regulations, if any, and subject to the following provisions: (i) The Custodian may deposit the Securities directly or through one or more agents or Subcustodians which are also qualified to act as custodians for investment companies. (ii) Securities held in a Securities System shall be subject to any agreements or rules effective between the Securities System and the Custodian or a Subcustodian, as the case may be. (iii) Any Securities deposited or maintained in a Securities System shall be held in an account ("Account") of the Custodian or a Subcustodian in the Securities System that includes only assets held by the Custodian or a Subcustodian as a fiduciary custodian or otherwise for customers. (iv) The books and records of the Custodian shall at all times identify those Securities belonging to any one or more Funds which are maintained in a Securities System. (v) The Custodian shall pay for Securities purchased for the account of a Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that such Securities have been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such payment and transfer for the account of such Fund. The Custodian shall transfer Securities sold for the account of a Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that payment for such Securities has been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such transfer and payment for the account of such Fund. Copies of all advices from the Securities System relating to transfers of Securities for the account of a Fund shall be maintained for such Fund by the Custodian. Such copies may be maintained by the Custodian in electronic form. The Custodian shall make available to the Fund or its agent on the next business day, by Electronic Communication, facsimile, or other means reasonably acceptable to both parties, daily transaction activity reports that shall include each day’s transactions for the account of such Fund. (vi) The Custodian shall, if requested by a Fund pursuant to Instructions, provide such Fund with reports obtained by the Custodian or any Subcustodian with respect to a Securities System's accounting system, internal accounting control and procedures for safeguarding Securities deposited in the Securities System. (vii) Upon receipt of Special Instructions, the Custodian shall terminate the use of any Securities System on behalf of a Fund as promptly as practicable and shall take all actions reasonably practicable to safeguard the Securities of such Fund maintained with such Securities System. (viii) The Custodian shall furnish to a Fund such periodic and special reports, including a monthly statement summarizing all transactions and entries for the account of such Fund, listing each Security belonging to such Fund held at the end of such month and stating the cash balance at the end of such month, as well as any reports required to be furnished to a Fund pursuant to Rule 17f-4 of the 1940 Act and such other information as may be agreed upon from time to time between a Fund and the Custodian.

Manner of Holding Securities. (1) The Custodian shall at all times hold Securities of each Fund either: (i) by physical possession of the share certificates or other instruments representing such Securities, in registered or bearer form; in the vault of the Custodian, Domestic Subcustodian, a Special Custodian, depository or agent of the Custodian; or in an account maintained by the Custodian or agent at a Securities System (as hereinafter defined); or (ii) in book-entry form by a Securities System in accordance with the provisions of sub-paragraph (3) below. (2) The Custodian may hold registrable portfolio Securities which have been delivered to it in physical form, by registering the same in the name of the appropriate Fund or its nominee, or in the name of the Custodian or its nominee, for whose actions such Fund and Custodian, respectively, shall be fully responsible. Upon the receipt of Instructions, the The Custodian shall may also hold such Securities in street certificate form, so called, with or without any indication of representative capacity. However, unless it receives Instructions to the contrary, the Custodian will register all such portfolio Securities in the name of the Custodian's authorized nominee. All such Securities shall be held in an account of the Custodian containing only assets of the appropriate Fund or only assets held by the Custodian for the benefit of customers, provided that the records of the Custodian shall indicate at all times the Fund or other customer for which such Securities are held in such accounts and the respective interests therein. (3) The Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a Fund in, and each Fund hereby approves use of: (a) The Depository Trust & Clearing Corporation; (b) any other clearing agency registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) under section 17A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, which acts as a securities depository; and (c) a Federal Reserve Bank or other entity authorized to operate the federal book-entry system described in the regulations of the Department of the Treasury or book-entry systems operated pursuant to comparable regulations of other federal agencies. Upon the receipt of Special Instructions, the Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a Fund in any other domestic clearing agency that may otherwise be authorized by the SEC to serve in the capacity of depository or clearing agent for the Securities or other assets of investment companies and that acts as a Securities depository. Each of the foregoing shall be referred to in this Agreement as a "Securities System", and all such Securities Systems shall be listed on the attached Appendix A. Use of a Securities System shall be in accordance with applicable Federal Reserve Board and SEC rules and regulations, if any, and subject to the following provisions: (i) The Custodian may deposit the Securities directly or through one or more agents or Subcustodians which are also qualified to act as custodians for investment companies. (ii) Securities held in a Securities System shall be subject to any agreements or rules effective between the Securities System and the Custodian or a Subcustodian, as the case may be. (iii) Any Securities deposited or maintained in a Securities System shall be held in an account ("Account") of the Custodian or a Subcustodian in the Securities System that includes only assets held by the Custodian or a Subcustodian as a custodian or otherwise for customers. (iv) The books and records of the Custodian shall at all times identify those Securities belonging to any one or more Funds which are maintained in a Securities System. (v) The Custodian shall pay for Securities purchased for the account of a Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that such Securities have been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such payment and transfer for the account of such Fund. The Custodian shall transfer Securities sold for the account of a Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that payment for such Securities has been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such transfer and payment for the account of such Fund. Copies of all advices from the Securities System relating to transfers of Securities for the account of a Fund shall be maintained for such Fund by the Custodian. Such copies may be maintained by the Custodian in electronic form. The Custodian shall make available to the Fund or its agent on the next business day, by Electronic Communication, data file, facsimile, or other means reasonably acceptable to both parties, daily transaction activity that shall include each day’s transactions for the account of such Fund. (vi) The Custodian shall, if requested by a Fund pursuant to Instructions, provide such Fund with reports obtained by the Custodian or any Subcustodian with respect to a Securities System's accounting system, internal accounting control and procedures for safeguarding Securities deposited in the Securities System. (vii) The Custodian otherwise complies with the requirements of Rule 17f-4 under the 1940 Act.

Manner of Holding Securities. (1) The Custodian shall at all times hold Securities of each Fund either: (i) by physical possession of the share certificates or other instruments representing such Securities, in registered or bearer form; in the vault of the Custodian, Domestic Subcustodian, a Special Custodian, depository or agent of the Custodian; or in an account maintained by the Custodian or agent at a Securities System (as hereinafter defined); or (ii) in book-entry book‑entry form by a Securities System in accordance with the provisions of sub-paragraph sub‑paragraph (3) below. (2) The Custodian may hold registrable portfolio Securities which have been delivered to it in physical form, by registering the same in the name of the appropriate Fund or its nominee, or in the name of the Custodian or its nominee, for whose actions such Fund and Custodian, respectively, shall be fully responsible. Upon the receipt of Instructions, the Custodian shall hold such Securities in street certificate form, so called, with or without any indication of representative capacity. However, unless it receives Instructions to the contrary, the Custodian will register all such portfolio Securities in the name of the Custodian's ’s authorized nominee. All such Securities held in certificated form and Underlying Shares not held in book-entry form by a Securities System shall be held in an a segregated account of the Custodian containing only assets of the appropriate Fund or only assets held by the Custodian for the benefit of customers, provided that the records of the Custodian shall indicate at all times the Fund or other customer for which such Securities are held in such accounts and the respective interests thereinFund. (3) The Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a Fund in, and each Fund hereby approves use of: (a) The Depository Trust & Clearing Corporation; (b) any other clearing agency registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) under section 17A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, which acts as a securities depository; and (c) a Federal Reserve Bank or other entity authorized to operate the federal book-entry system described in the regulations of the Department of the Treasury or book-entry systems operated pursuant to comparable regulations of other federal agencies. Upon the receipt of Special Instructions, the Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a Fund in any other domestic clearing agency that may otherwise be authorized by the SEC to serve in the capacity of depository or clearing agent for the Securities or other assets of investment companies and that acts as a Securities depository. Each of the foregoing shall be referred to in this Agreement as a "“Securities System"”, and all such Securities Systems shall be listed on the attached Appendix A. Use of a Securities System shall be in accordance with applicable Federal Reserve Board and SEC rules and regulations, if anyincluding without limitation Rule 17f-4 under the Investment Company Act, and subject to the following provisions: (i) The Custodian may deposit the Securities directly or through one or more agents or Subcustodians which are also qualified to act as custodians for investment companies. (ii) Securities held in a Securities System shall be subject to any agreements or rules effective between the Securities System and the Custodian or a Subcustodian, as the case may be. (iii) Any Securities deposited or maintained in a Securities System shall be held in an account ("“Account"”) of the Custodian or a Subcustodian in the Securities System that includes only assets held by the Custodian or a Subcustodian as a custodian or otherwise for customerson behalf of the applicable Fund. (iv) The books and records of the Custodian shall at all times identify those Securities belonging to any one or more Funds which are maintained in a Securities System. (v) The Custodian shall pay for Securities purchased for the account of a Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that such Securities have been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such payment and transfer for the account of such Fund. The Custodian shall transfer Securities sold for the account of a Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that payment for such Securities has been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such transfer and payment for the account of such Fund. Copies of all advices from the Securities System relating to transfers of Securities for the account of a Fund shall be maintained for such Fund by the Custodian. Such copies may be maintained by the Custodian in electronic form. The Custodian shall make available to the Fund or its agent on the next business day, by Electronic Communication, facsimile, or other means reasonably acceptable to both parties, daily transaction activity that shall include each day’s transactions for the account of such Fund. (vi) The Custodian shall, if requested by a shall provide each Fund with reports required to be furnished to the Fund pursuant to Instructions, provide Rule 17f-4 under the Investment Company Act and such Fund with other reports obtained as from time to time may be agreed upon by the Custodian or any Subcustodian and the Fund. Without limiting the foregoing, the Custodian shall provide to each Fund: (a) sub-certifications in connection with Xxxxxxxx-Xxxxx Act of 2002 certification requirements; and (b) periodic reports in such form reasonably agreed to by the parties with respect to a Securities Systemthe services hereunder and the Custodian's accounting system, internal accounting control compliance with its operating policies and procedures for safeguarding Securities deposited in the Securities Systemprocedures.

Manner of Holding Securities. (1) The Custodian shall at all times hold Securities of each the Fund either: (i) by physical possession of the share certificates certificates, completed Subscription Agreements, or other instruments representing such Securities, in registered or bearer form; in the vault of the Custodian, Domestic Subcustodian, a Special Custodian, depository or agent of the Custodian; or in an account maintained by the Custodian or agent at a Securities System (as hereinafter defined); or (ii) in book-entry form by a Securities System in accordance with the provisions of sub-paragraph (3) below. (2) The Custodian may hold registrable portfolio Securities which have been delivered to it in physical form, by registering the same in the name of the appropriate Fund or its nominee, or in the name of the Custodian or its nominee, for whose actions such the Fund and Custodian, respectively, shall be fully responsible. Upon the receipt of Instructions, the Custodian shall hold such Securities in street certificate form, so called, with or without any indication of representative capacity. However, unless it receives Instructions to the contrary, the Custodian will register all such portfolio Securities in the name of the Custodian's ’s authorized nominee. All such Securities shall be held in an account of the Custodian containing only assets of the appropriate Fund or only assets held by the Custodian for the benefit of customers, provided that the records of the Custodian shall indicate at all times the Fund or other customer for which such Securities are held in such accounts and the respective interests therein. (3) The Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a the Fund in, and each the Fund hereby approves use of: (a) The Depository Trust & Clearing Corporation; (b) any other clearing agency registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) under section 17A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, which acts as a securities depository; and (c) a Federal Reserve Bank or other entity authorized to operate the federal book-entry system described in the regulations of the Department of the Treasury or book-entry systems operated pursuant to comparable regulations of other federal agencies. Upon the receipt of Special Instructions, the Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a the Fund in any other domestic clearing agency that may otherwise be authorized by the SEC to serve in the capacity of depository or clearing agent for the Securities or other assets of investment companies and that acts as a Securities depository. Each of the foregoing shall be referred to in this Agreement as a "“Securities System"”, and all such Securities Systems shall be listed on the attached Appendix A. Use of a Securities System shall be in accordance with applicable Federal Reserve Board and SEC rules and regulations, if any, and subject to the following provisions: (i) The Custodian may deposit the Securities directly or through one or more agents or Subcustodians which are also qualified to act as custodians for investment companies. (ii) Securities held in a Securities System shall be subject to any agreements or rules effective between the Securities System and the Custodian or a Subcustodian, as the case may be. (iii) Any Securities deposited or maintained in a Securities System shall be held in an account ("“Account"”) of the Custodian or a Subcustodian in the Securities System that includes only assets held by the Custodian or a Subcustodian as a custodian or otherwise for customers. (iv) The books and records of the Custodian shall at all times identify those Securities belonging to any one or more Funds the Fund which are maintained in a Securities System. (v) The Custodian shall pay for Securities purchased for the account of a the Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that such Securities have been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such payment and transfer for the account of such the Fund. The Custodian shall transfer Securities sold for the account of a the Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that payment for such Securities has been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such transfer and payment for the account of such the Fund. Copies of all advices from the Securities System relating to transfers of Securities for the account of a the Fund shall be maintained for such the Fund by the Custodian. Such copies may be maintained by the Custodian in electronic form. The Custodian shall make available to the Fund or its agent on the next business day, by Electronic Communication, facsimile, or other means reasonably acceptable to both parties, daily transaction activity that shall include each day’s transactions for the account of such the Fund. (vi) The Custodian shall, if requested by a the Fund pursuant to Instructions, provide such the Fund with reports obtained by the Custodian or any Subcustodian with respect to a Securities System's ’s accounting system, internal accounting control and procedures for safeguarding Securities deposited in the Securities System. (vii) Upon receipt of Special Instructions to do so, the Custodian shall terminate the use of any Securities System on behalf of the Fund as promptly as practicable and shall take all actions reasonably practicable to safeguard the Securities of the Fund maintained with such Securities System. (viii) The Custodian otherwise complies with the requirements of Rule 17f-4 under the 1940 Act.

Manner of Holding Securities. (1) The Custodian shall at all times hold Securities of each Fund either: (i) by physical possession of the share certificates or other instruments representing such Securities, Securities in registered or bearer form; in the vault of the Custodian, Domestic Subcustodian, a Special Custodian, depository or agent of the Custodian; or in an account maintained by the Custodian or agent at a Securities System (as hereinafter defined); or (ii) in book-entry form by a Securities System or in the form of a LIMITED PARTNERSHIP (as hereinafter defined) in accordance with the provisions of sub-paragraph (3) below. (2) The Custodian may hold registrable portfolio Securities which have been delivered to it in physical form, by registering the same in the name of the appropriate Fund or its nominee, or in the name of the Custodian or its nominee, for whose actions such Fund and Custodian, respectively, shall be fully responsible. Upon the receipt of Instructions, the Custodian shall hold such Securities in street certificate form, so called, with or without any indication of representative fiduciary capacity. However, unless it receives Instructions to the contrary, the Custodian will register all such portfolio Securities in the name of the Custodian's authorized nominee. All such Securities shall be held in an account of the Custodian containing only assets of the appropriate Fund or only assets held by the Custodian for the benefit of customersas a fiduciary, provided that the records of the Custodian shall indicate at all times the Fund or other customer for which such Securities are held in such accounts and the respective interests therein. (3) The Custodian may will deposit and/or maintain all domestic Securities eligible for deposit therein owned by a Fund in, and each Fund hereby approves use of: : (a) The Depository Trust & Clearing CorporationCompany; and (b) any other clearing agency registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) under section 17A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, which acts as a securities depository; and (c) a Federal Reserve Bank or other entity authorized to operate the federal book-entry system described as provided in (i) Subpart O of Treasury Circular Xx. 000, 00 XXX 306.115, (ii) Subpart B of Treasury Circular Public Debt Series Xx. 00-00, 00 XXX 350.2, or (iii) the regulations of the Department of the Treasury or book-entry systems operated pursuant to comparable regulations of other federal agenciesagencies substantially in the form of 31 CFR 306.115. Upon the receipt of Special Instructions, the Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a Fund in any other domestic clearing agency that registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") under Section 17A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (or as may otherwise be authorized by the SEC to serve in the capacity of depository or clearing agent for the Securities or other assets of investment companies and that companies) which acts as a Securities depository. Each of the foregoing shall be referred to in this Agreement as a "Securities System", and all such Securities Systems shall be listed on the attached Appendix A. Use of a Securities System shall be in accordance with applicable Federal Reserve Board and SEC rules and regulations, if any, and subject to the following provisions: (i) The Custodian may deposit the Securities directly or through one or more agents or Subcustodians which are also qualified to act as custodians for investment companies. (ii) The Custodian shall deposit and/or maintain the Securities held in a Securities System shall be subject to any agreements or rules effective between the System, provided that such Securities System and the Custodian or a Subcustodian, as the case may be. (iii) Any Securities deposited or maintained in a Securities System shall be held are represented in an account ("Account") of the Custodian or a Subcustodian in the Securities System that includes only assets held by the Custodian or a Subcustodian as a fiduciary, custodian or otherwise for customers. (iviii) The books and records of the Custodian shall at all times identify those Securities belonging to any one or more Funds which are maintained in a Securities System. (viv) The Custodian shall pay for Securities purchased for the account of a Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that such Securities have been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such payment and transfer for the account of such Fund. The Custodian shall transfer Securities sold for the account of a Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that payment for such Securities has been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such transfer and payment for the account of such Fund. Copies of all advices from the Securities System relating to transfers of Securities for the account of a Fund shall be maintained for such Fund by the Custodian. Such copies may be maintained by the Custodian in electronic form. The Custodian shall make available deliver to the a Fund or its agent on the next succeeding business day, by Electronic Communication, facsimile, or other means reasonably acceptable to both parties, day daily transaction activity reports that shall include each day’s 's transactions in the Securities System for the account of such Fund. Such transaction reports shall be delivered to such Fund or any agent designated by such Fund pursuant to Instructions, by computer or in such other manner as such Fund and Custodian may agree. (viv) The Custodian shall, if requested by a Fund pursuant to Instructions, provide such Fund with reports obtained by the Custodian or any Subcustodian with respect to a Securities System's accounting system, internal accounting control and procedures for safeguarding Securities deposited in the Securities System. (vi) Upon receipt of Special Instructions, the Custodian shall terminate the use of any Securities System on behalf of a Fund as promptly as practicable and shall take all actions reasonably practicable to safeguard the Securities of such Fund maintained with such Securities System.

Manner of Holding Securities. (1) The Custodian shall at all times hold Securities of each Fund either: (i) by physical possession of the share certificates or other instruments representing such Securities, in registered or bearer form; in the vault of the Custodian, Domestic Subcustodian, a Special Custodian, depository or agent of the Custodian; or in an account maintained by the Custodian or agent at a Securities System (as hereinafter defined); or (ii) in book-entry book‑entry form by a Securities System in accordance with the provisions of sub-paragraph sub‑paragraph (3) below. (2) The Custodian may hold registrable portfolio Securities which have been delivered to it in physical form, by registering the same in the name of the appropriate Fund or its nominee, or in the name of the Custodian or its nominee, for whose actions such Fund and Custodian, respectively, shall be fully responsible. Upon the receipt of Instructions, the Custodian shall hold such Securities in street certificate form, so called, with or without any indication of representative capacity. However, unless it receives Instructions to the contrary, the Custodian will register all such portfolio Securities in the name of the Custodian's authorized nominee. All such Securities shall be held in an account of the Custodian containing only assets of the appropriate Fund or only assets held by the Custodian for the benefit of customers, provided that the records of the Custodian shall indicate at all times the Fund or other customer for which such Securities are held in such accounts and the respective interests therein. (3) The Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a Fund in, and each Fund hereby approves use of: (a) The Depository Trust & Clearing Corporation; (b) any other clearing agency registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) under section 17A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, which acts as a securities depository; and (c) a Federal Reserve Bank or other entity authorized to operate the federal book-entry system described in the regulations of the Department of the Treasury or book-entry systems operated pursuant to comparable regulations of other federal agencies. Upon the receipt of Special Instructions, the Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a Fund in any other domestic clearing agency that may otherwise be authorized by the SEC to serve in the capacity of depository or clearing agent for the Securities or other assets of investment companies and that acts as a Securities depository. Each of the foregoing shall be referred to in this Agreement as a "Securities System", and all such Securities Systems shall be listed on the attached Appendix A. Use of a Securities System shall be in accordance with applicable Federal Reserve Board and SEC rules and regulations, if any, and subject to the following provisions: (i) The Custodian may deposit the Securities directly or through one or more agents or Subcustodians which are also qualified to act as custodians for investment companies. (ii) Securities held in a Securities System shall be subject to any agreements or rules effective between the Securities System and the Custodian or a Subcustodian, as the case may be. (iii) Any Securities deposited or maintained in a Securities System shall be held in an account ("Account") of the Custodian or a Subcustodian in the Securities System that includes only assets held by the Custodian or a Subcustodian as a custodian or otherwise for customers. (iv) The books and records of the Custodian shall at all times identify those Securities belonging to any one or more Funds which are maintained in a Securities System. (v) The Custodian shall pay for Securities purchased for the account of a Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that such Securities have been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such payment and transfer for the account of such Fund. The Custodian shall transfer Securities sold for the account of a Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that payment for such Securities has been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such transfer and payment for the account of such Fund. Copies of all advices from the Securities System relating to transfers of Securities for the account of a Fund shall be maintained for such Fund by the Custodian. Such copies may be maintained by the Custodian in electronic form. The Custodian shall make available to the Fund or its agent on the next business day, by Electronic Communication, facsimile, or other means reasonably acceptable to both parties, daily transaction activity that shall include each day’s transactions for the account of such Fund. (vi) The Custodian shall, if requested by a Fund pursuant to Instructions, provide such Fund with reports obtained by the Custodian or any Subcustodian with respect to a Securities System's accounting system, internal accounting control and procedures for safeguarding Securities deposited in the Securities System.

Manner of Holding Securities. (1) The Custodian shall at all times hold Securities of each Fund either: (i) by physical possession of the share certificates or other instruments representing such Securities, Securities in registered or bearer form; in the vault of the Custodian, Domestic Subcustodian, a Special Custodian, depository or agent of the Custodian; or in an account maintained by the Custodian or agent at a Securities System (as hereinafter defined); or (ii) in book-entry form by a Securities System or in the form of a limited partnership (as hereinafter defined) in accordance with the provisions of sub-paragraph (3) below. (2) The Custodian may hold registrable portfolio Securities which have been delivered to it in physical form, by registering the same in the name of the appropriate Fund or its nominee, or in the name of the Custodian or its nominee, for whose actions such Fund and Custodian, respectively, shall be fully responsible. Upon the receipt of Instructions, the Custodian shall hold such Securities in street certificate form, so called, with or without any indication of representative fiduciary capacity. However, unless it receives Instructions to the contrary, the Custodian will register all such portfolio Securities in the name of the Custodian's authorized nominee. All such Securities shall be held in an account of the Custodian containing only assets of the appropriate Fund or only assets held by the Custodian for the benefit of customersas a fiduciary, provided that the records of the Custodian shall indicate at all times the Fund or other customer for which such Securities are held in such accounts and the respective interests therein. (3) The Custodian may will deposit and/or maintain all domestic Securities eligible for deposit therein owned by a Fund in, and each Fund hereby approves use of: (a) The Depository Trust & Clearing CorporationCompany; and (b) any other clearing agency registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) under section 17A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, which acts as a securities depository; and (c) a Federal Reserve Bank or other entity authorized to operate the federal book-entry system described as provided in (i) Subpart O of Treasury Circular Xx. 000, 00 XXX 306.115, (ii) Subpart B of Treasury Circular Public Debt Series Xx. 00-00, 00 XXX 350.2, or (iii) the regulations of the Department of the Treasury or book-entry systems operated pursuant to comparable regulations of other federal agenciesagencies substantially in the form of 31 CFR 306.115. Upon the receipt of Special Instructions, the Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a Fund in any other domestic clearing agency that registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") under Section 17A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (or as may otherwise be authorized by the SEC to serve in the capacity of depository or clearing agent for the Securities or other assets of investment companies and that companies) which acts as a Securities depository. Each of the foregoing shall be referred to in this Agreement as a "Securities System", and all such Securities Systems shall be listed on the attached Appendix A. Use of a Securities System shall be in accordance with applicable Federal Reserve Board and SEC rules and regulations, if any, and subject to the following provisions: (i) The Custodian may deposit the Securities directly or through one or more agents or Subcustodians which are also qualified to act as custodians for investment companies. (ii) The Custodian shall deposit and/or maintain the Securities held in a Securities System shall be subject to any agreements or rules effective between the System, provided that such Securities System and the Custodian or a Subcustodian, as the case may be. (iii) Any Securities deposited or maintained in a Securities System shall be held are represented in an account ("Account") of the Custodian or a Subcustodian in the Securities System that includes only assets held by the Custodian or a Subcustodian as a fiduciary, custodian or otherwise for customers. (iviii) The books and records of the Custodian shall at all times identify those Securities belonging to any one or more Funds which are maintained in a Securities System. (viv) The Custodian shall pay for Securities purchased for the account of a Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that such Securities have been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such payment and transfer for the account of such Fund. The Custodian shall transfer Securities sold for the account of a Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that payment for such Securities has been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such transfer and payment for the account of such Fund. Copies of all advices from the Securities System relating to transfers of Securities for the account of a Fund shall be maintained for such Fund by the Custodian. Such copies may be maintained by the Custodian in electronic form. The Custodian shall make available deliver to the a Fund or its agent on the next succeeding business day, by Electronic Communication, facsimile, or other means reasonably acceptable to both parties, day daily transaction activity reports that shall include each day’s 's transactions in the Securities System for the account of such Fund. Such transaction reports shall be delivered to such Fund or any agent designated by such Fund pursuant to Instructions, by computer or in such other manner as such Fund and Custodian may agree. (viv) The Custodian shall, if requested by a Fund pursuant to Instructions, provide such Fund with reports obtained by the Custodian or any Subcustodian with respect to a Securities System's accounting system, internal accounting control and procedures for safeguarding Securities deposited in the Securities System. (vi) Upon receipt of Special Instructions, the Custodian shall terminate the use of any Securities System on behalf of a Fund as promptly as practicable and shall take all actions reasonably practicable to safeguard the Securities of such Fund maintained with such Securities System.

Manner of Holding Securities. (1) The Custodian shall at all times hold Securities of each the Fund either: (i) by physical possession of the share certificates or other instruments representing such Securities, in registered or bearer form; in the vault of the Custodian, Domestic Subcustodian, a Special Custodian, depository or agent of the Custodian; or in an account maintained by the Custodian or agent at a Securities System (as hereinafter defined); or (ii) in book-entry form by a Securities System in accordance with the provisions of sub-paragraph (3) below. (2) The Custodian may hold registrable portfolio Securities which have been delivered to it in physical form, by registering the same in the name of the appropriate Fund or its nominee, or in the name of the Custodian or its nominee, for whose actions such Fund and Custodian, respectively, shall be fully responsible. Upon the receipt of Instructions, the Custodian shall hold such Securities in street certificate form, so called, with or without any indication of representative capacity. However, unless it receives Instructions to the contrary, the Custodian will register all such portfolio Securities in the name of the Custodian's authorized nominee. All such Securities shall be held in an account of the Custodian containing only assets of the appropriate Fund or only assets held by the Custodian for the benefit of customers, provided that the records of the Custodian shall indicate at all times the Fund or other customer for which such Securities are held in such accounts and the respective interests therein. (3) The Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a Fund in, and each the Fund hereby approves use of: (a) The Depository Trust & Clearing Corporation; (b) any other clearing agency registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) under section 17A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, which acts as a securities depository; and (c) a Federal Reserve Bank or other entity authorized to operate the federal book-entry system described in the regulations of the Department of the Treasury or book-entry systems operated pursuant to comparable regulations of other federal agencies. Upon the receipt of Special Instructions, the Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a Fund in any other domestic clearing agency that may otherwise be authorized by the SEC to serve in the capacity of depository or clearing agent for the Securities or other assets of investment companies and that acts as a Securities depository. Each of the foregoing shall be referred to in this Agreement as a "Securities System", and all such Securities Systems shall be listed on the attached Appendix A. Use of a Securities System shall be in accordance with applicable Federal Reserve Board and SEC rules and regulations, if any, and subject to the following provisions: (i) The Custodian may deposit the Securities directly or through one or more agents or Subcustodians which are also qualified to act as custodians for investment companies. (ii) Securities held in a Securities System shall be subject to any agreements or rules effective between the Securities System and the Custodian or a Subcustodian, as the case may be. (iii) Any Securities deposited or maintained in a Securities System shall be held in an account ("Account") of the Custodian or a Subcustodian in the Securities System that includes only assets held by the Custodian or a Subcustodian as a custodian or otherwise for customers. (iv) The books and records of the Custodian shall at all times identify those Securities belonging to any one or more Funds the Fund which are maintained in a Securities System. (v) The Custodian shall pay for Securities purchased for the account of a Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that such Securities have been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such payment and transfer for the account of such Fund. The Custodian shall transfer Securities sold for the account of a Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that payment for such Securities has been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such transfer and payment for the account of such Fund. Copies of all advices from the Securities System relating to transfers of Securities for the account of a Fund shall be maintained for such Fund by the Custodian. Such copies may be maintained by the Custodian in electronic form. The Custodian shall make available to the Fund or its agent on the next business day, by Electronic Communication, facsimile, or other means reasonably acceptable to both parties, daily transaction activity that shall include each day’s transactions for the account of such Fund. (vi) The Custodian shall, if requested by a Fund pursuant to Instructions, provide such Fund with reports obtained by the Custodian or any Subcustodian with respect to a Securities System's accounting system, internal accounting control and procedures for safeguarding Securities deposited in the Securities System.

Manner of Holding Securities. (1) The Custodian shall at all times hold Securities of each Fund either: (i) by physical possession of the share certificates or other instruments representing such Securities, Securities in registered or bearer form; in the vault of the Custodian, Domestic Subcustodian, a Special Custodian, depository or agent of the Custodian; or in an account maintained by the Custodian or agent at a Securities System (as hereinafter defined); or (ii) in book-entry form by a Securities System (as hereinafter defined) in accordance with the provisions of sub-paragraph (3) below. (2) The Custodian may hold registrable portfolio Securities which have been delivered to it in physical form, by registering the same in the name of the appropriate Fund or its nominee, or in the name of the Custodian or its nominee, for whose actions such Fund and Custodian, respectively, shall be fully responsible. Upon the receipt of Instructions, the Custodian shall hold such Securities in street certificate form, so called, with or without any indication of representative fiduciary capacity. However, unless it receives Instructions to the contrary, the Custodian will register all such portfolio Securities in the name of the Custodian's authorized nominee. All such Securities shall be held in an account of the Custodian containing only assets of the appropriate Fund or only assets held by the Custodian for the benefit of customersas a fiduciary, provided that the records of the Custodian shall indicate at all times the Fund or other customer for which such Securities are held in such accounts and the respective interests therein. (3) The Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a Fund in, and each Fund hereby approves use of: (a) The Depository Trust & Clearing CorporationCompany; and (b) any other clearing agency registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) under section 17A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, which acts as a securities depository; and (c) a Federal Reserve Bank or other entity authorized to operate the federal book-entry system described as provided in (i) Subpart O of Treasury Circular Xx. 000, 00 XXX 306.115, (ii) Subpart B of Treasury Circular Public Debt Series Xx. 00-00, 00 XXX 350.2, or (iii) the regulations of the Department of the Treasury or book-entry systems operated pursuant to comparable regulations of other federal agenciesagencies substantially in the form of 31 CFR 306.115. Upon the receipt of Special Instructions, the Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a Fund in any other domestic clearing agency that registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") under Section 17A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (or as may otherwise be authorized by the SEC to serve in the capacity of depository or clearing agent for the Securities or other assets of investment companies and that companies) which acts as a Securities depository. Each of the foregoing shall be referred to in this Agreement as a "Securities System", ," and all such Securities Systems shall be listed on the attached Appendix A. Use of a Securities System shall be in accordance with applicable Federal Reserve Board and SEC rules and regulations, if any, and subject to the following provisions: (i) The Custodian may deposit the Securities directly or through one or more agents or Subcustodians which are also qualified to act as custodians for investment companies. (ii) The Custodian shall deposit and/or maintain the Securities held in a Securities System shall be subject to any agreements or rules effective between the System, provided that such Securities System and the Custodian or a Subcustodian, as the case may be. (iii) Any Securities deposited or maintained in a Securities System shall be held are represented in an account ("Account") of the Custodian or a Subcustodian in the Securities System that includes only assets held by the Custodian or a Subcustodian as a fiduciary, custodian or otherwise for customers. (iviii) The books and records of the Custodian shall at all times identify those Securities belonging to any one or more Funds which are maintained in a Securities System. (viv) The Custodian shall pay for Securities purchased for the account of a Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that such Securities have been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such payment and transfer for the account of such Fund. The Custodian shall transfer Securities sold for the account of a Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that payment for such Securities has been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such transfer and payment for the account of such Fund. Copies of all advices from the Securities System relating to transfers of Securities for the account of a Fund shall be maintained for such Fund by the Custodian. Such copies may be maintained by the Custodian in electronic form. The Custodian shall make available deliver to the a Fund or its agent on the next succeeding business day, by Electronic Communication, facsimile, or other means reasonably acceptable to both parties, day daily transaction activity reports that shall include each day’s 's transactions in the Securities System for the account of such Fund. Such transaction reports shall be delivered to such Fund or any agent designated by such Fund pursuant to Instructions, by computer or in such other manner as such Fund and Custodian may agree. (viv) The Custodian shall, if requested by a Fund pursuant to Instructions, provide such Fund with reports obtained by the Custodian or any Subcustodian with respect to a Securities System's accounting system, internal accounting control and procedures for safeguarding Securities deposited in the Securities System. (vi) Upon receipt of Special Instructions, the Custodian shall terminate the use of any Securities System on behalf of a Fund as promptly as practicable and shall take all actions reasonably practicable to safeguard the Securities of such Fund maintained with such Securities System.

Manner of Holding Securities. (1) The Custodian shall at all times hold Securities of each the Fund either: (i) by physical possession of the share certificates or other instruments representing such Securities, in registered or bearer form; in the vault of the Custodian, Domestic Subcustodian, a Special Custodian, depository or agent of the Custodian; or in an account maintained by the Custodian or agent at a Securities System (as hereinafter defined); or (ii) in book-entry form by a Securities System in accordance with the provisions of sub-paragraph (3) below. (2) The Custodian may hold registrable portfolio Securities which have been delivered to it in physical form, by registering the same in the name of the appropriate Fund or its nominee, or in the name of the Custodian or its nominee, for whose actions such Fund and Custodian, respectively, shall be fully responsible. Upon the receipt of Instructions, the Custodian shall hold such Securities in street certificate form, so called, with or without any indication of representative capacity. However, unless it receives Instructions to the contrary, the Custodian will register all such portfolio Securities in the name of the Custodian's authorized nominee. All such Securities shall be held in an account of the Custodian containing only assets of the appropriate Fund or only assets held by the Custodian for the benefit of customers, provided that the records of the Custodian shall indicate at all times the Fund or other customer for which such Securities are held in such accounts and the respective interests therein. (3) The Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a Fund in, and each the Fund hereby approves use of: (a) The Depository Trust & Clearing Corporation; (b) any other clearing agency registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) under section 17A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, which acts as a securities depository; and (c) a Federal Reserve Bank or other entity authorized to operate the federal book-entry system described in the regulations of the Department of the Treasury or book-entry systems operated pursuant to comparable regulations of other federal agencies. Upon the receipt of Special Instructions, the Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a Fund in any other domestic clearing agency that may otherwise be authorized by the SEC to serve in the capacity of depository or clearing agent for the Securities or other assets of investment companies and that acts as a Securities depository. Each of the foregoing shall be referred to in this Agreement as a "Securities System", and all such Securities Systems shall be listed on the attached Appendix A. Use of a Securities System shall be in accordance with applicable Federal Reserve Board and SEC rules and regulations, if any, and subject to the following provisions: (i) The Custodian may deposit the Securities directly or through one or more agents or Subcustodians which are also qualified to act as custodians for investment companies. (ii) Securities held in a Securities System shall be subject to any agreements or rules effective between the Securities System and the Custodian or a Subcustodian, as the case may be. (iii) Any Securities deposited or maintained in a Securities System shall be held in an account ("Account") of the Custodian or a Subcustodian in the Securities System that includes only assets held by the Custodian or a Subcustodian as a custodian or otherwise for customers. (iv) The books and records of the Custodian shall at all times identify those Securities belonging to any one or more Funds the Fund which are maintained in a Securities System. (v) The Custodian shall pay for Securities purchased for the account of a Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that such Securities have been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such payment and transfer for the account of such Fund. The Custodian shall transfer Securities sold for the account of a Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that payment for such Securities has been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such transfer and payment for the account of such Fund. Copies of all advices from the Securities System relating to transfers of Securities for the account of a Fund shall be maintained for such Fund by the Custodian. Such copies may be maintained by the Custodian in electronic form. The Custodian shall make available to the Fund or its agent on the next business day, by Electronic Communication, facsimile, or other means reasonably acceptable to both parties, daily transaction activity that shall include each day’s transactions for the account of such Fund. (vi) The Custodian shall, if requested by a Fund pursuant to Instructions, provide such Fund with reports obtained by the Custodian or any Subcustodian with respect to a Securities System's accounting system, internal accounting control and procedures for safeguarding Securities deposited in the Securities System. (vii) The Custodian otherwise complies with the requirements of Rule 17f-4 under the 1940 Act.

Manner of Holding Securities. (1) The Custodian shall at all times hold Securities of each Fund either: (i) by physical possession of the share certificates or other instruments representing such SecuritiesSecurities (such as, except for with mutual funds, in the case of Underlying Shares, documents evidencing a Fund's interest in such Underlying Shares that have been delivered to Custodian), in registered or bearer form; , in the vault of the Custodian, Domestic Subcustodian, a Special Custodian, depository or agent of the Custodian; , or in an account maintained by the Custodian or agent at a Securities System (as hereinafter defined); or (ii) in book-entry form by a Securities System in accordance with the provisions of sub-paragraph (3) below. (2) The Custodian may hold registrable portfolio Securities which have been delivered to it in physical form, form or Underlying Shares by registering the same in the name of the appropriate Fund or its nominee, or in the name of the Custodian or its nominee, for whose actions such Fund and Custodian, respectively, shall be fully responsible. Upon the receipt of Instructions, the The Custodian shall may also hold such Securities in street certificate form, so called, with or without any indication of representative capacity. However, unless when it receives Instructions to the contrarydo so, the Custodian will register all such portfolio Securities in the name of the Custodian's authorized nominee. All such Such Securities shall be held in an a segregated account of the Custodian containing only assets of the appropriate Fund or only assets held by the Custodian for the benefit of customers, provided that the records of the Custodian shall indicate at all times the Fund or other customer for which such Securities are held in such accounts and the respective interests therein. (3) The Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a Fund in, and each Fund hereby approves use of: (a) The Depository Trust & Clearing Corporation; (b) any other clearing agency registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) under section 17A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, which acts as a securities depository; and (c) a Federal Reserve Bank or other entity authorized to operate the federal book-entry system described in the regulations of the Department of the Treasury or book-entry systems operated pursuant to comparable regulations of other federal agencies. Upon the receipt of Special Instructions, the Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a Fund in any other domestic clearing agency that may otherwise be authorized by the SEC to serve in the capacity of depository or clearing agent for the Securities or other assets of investment companies and that acts as a Securities depository. Each of the foregoing shall be referred to in this Agreement as a "Securities System", and all such Securities Systems shall be listed on the attached Appendix A. Use of a Securities System shall be in accordance with applicable Federal Reserve Board and SEC rules and regulations, if any, and subject to the following provisions: (i) The Custodian may deposit the Securities directly or through one or more agents or Subcustodians which are also qualified to act as custodians for investment companies. (ii) Securities held in a Securities System shall be subject to any agreements or rules effective between the Securities System and the Custodian or a Subcustodian, as the case may be. (iii) Any Securities deposited or maintained in a Securities System shall be held in an account ("Account") of the Custodian or a Subcustodian in the Securities System that includes only assets held by the Custodian or a Subcustodian as a custodian or otherwise for customers. (iv) The books and records of the Custodian shall at all times identify those Securities belonging to any one or more Funds which are maintained in a Securities System. (v) The Custodian shall pay for Securities purchased for the account of a Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that such Securities have been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such payment and transfer for the account of such Fund. The Custodian shall transfer Securities sold for the account of a Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that payment for such Securities has been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such transfer and payment for the account of such Fund. Copies of all advices from the Securities System relating to transfers of Securities for the account of a Fund shall be maintained for such Fund by the Custodian. Such copies may be maintained by the Custodian in electronic form. The Custodian shall make available to the Fund or its agent on the next business day, by Electronic Communication, facsimile, or other means reasonably acceptable to both parties, daily transaction activity that shall include each day’s transactions for the account of such Fund. (vi) The Custodian shall, if requested by a Fund pursuant to Instructions, provide such Fund with reports obtained by the Custodian or any Subcustodian with respect to a Securities System's accounting system, internal accounting control and procedures for safeguarding Securities deposited in the Securities System.

Manner of Holding Securities. (1) The Custodian shall at all times hold Securities of each Fund either: (i) by physical possession of the share certificates or other instruments representing such Securities, in registered or bearer form; in the vault of the Custodian, Domestic Subcustodian, a Special Custodian, depository or agent of the Custodian; or in an account maintained by the Custodian or agent at a Securities System (as hereinafter defined); or (ii) in book-entry form by a Securities System in accordance with the provisions of sub-paragraph (3) below. (2) The Custodian may hold registrable portfolio Securities which have been delivered to it in physical form, by registering the same in the name of the appropriate Fund or its nominee, or in the name of the Custodian or its nominee, for whose actions such Fund and Custodian, respectively, shall be fully responsible. Upon the receipt of Instructions, the The Custodian shall may also hold such Securities in street certificate form, so called, with or without any indication of representative capacity. However, unless it receives Instructions to the contrary, the Custodian will register all such portfolio Securities in the name of the Custodian's ’s authorized nominee. All such Securities shall be held in an account of the Custodian containing only assets of the appropriate Fund or only assets held by the Custodian for the benefit of customers, provided that the records of the Custodian shall indicate at all times the Fund or other customer for which such Securities are held in such accounts and the respective interests therein. (3) The Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a Fund in, and each Fund hereby approves use of: (a) The Depository Trust & Clearing Corporation; (b) any other clearing agency registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) under section 17A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, which acts as a securities depository; and (c) a Federal Reserve Bank or other entity authorized to operate the federal book-entry system described in the regulations of the Department of the Treasury or book-entry systems operated pursuant to comparable regulations of other federal agencies. Upon the receipt of Special Instructions, the Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a Fund in any other domestic clearing agency that may otherwise be authorized by the SEC to serve in the capacity of depository or clearing agent for the Securities or other assets of investment companies and that acts as a Securities depository. Each of the foregoing shall be referred to in this Agreement as a "“Securities System"”, and all such Securities Systems shall be listed on the attached Appendix A. Use of a Securities System shall be in accordance with applicable Federal Reserve Board and SEC rules and regulations, if any, and subject to the following provisions: (i) The Custodian may deposit the Securities directly or through one or more agents or Subcustodians which are also qualified to act as custodians for investment companies. (ii) Securities held in a Securities System shall be subject to any agreements or rules effective between the Securities System and the Custodian or a Subcustodian, as the case may be. (iii) Any Securities deposited or maintained in a Securities System shall be held in an account ("“Account"”) of the Custodian or a Subcustodian in the Securities System that includes only assets held by the Custodian or a Subcustodian as a custodian or otherwise for customers. (iv) The books and records of the Custodian shall at all times identify those Securities belonging to any one or more Funds which are maintained in a Securities System. (v) The Custodian shall pay for Securities purchased for the account of a Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that such Securities have been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such payment and transfer for the account of such Fund. The Custodian shall transfer Securities sold for the account of a Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that payment for such Securities has been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such transfer and payment for the account of such Fund. Copies of all advices from the Securities System relating to transfers of Securities for the account of a Fund shall be maintained for such Fund by the Custodian. Such copies may be maintained by the Custodian in electronic form. The Custodian shall make available to the Fund or its agent on the next business day, by Electronic Communication, data file, facsimile, or other means reasonably acceptable to both parties, daily transaction activity that shall include each day’s transactions for the account of such Fund. (vi) The Custodian shall, if requested by a Fund pursuant to Instructions, provide such Fund with reports obtained by the Custodian or any Subcustodian with respect to a Securities System's ’s accounting system, internal accounting control and procedures for safeguarding Securities deposited in the Securities System. (vii) The Custodian otherwise complies with the requirements of Rule 17f-4 under the 1940 Act.

Manner of Holding Securities. (1) The Custodian shall at all times hold Securities of each the Fund either: (i) by physical possession of the share certificates certificates, completed Subscription Agreements, or other instruments representing such Securities, in registered or bearer form; in the vault of the Custodian, Domestic Subcustodian, a Special Custodian, depository or agent of the Custodian; or in an account maintained by the Custodian or agent at a Securities System (as hereinafter defined); or (ii) in book-entry form by a Securities System in accordance with the provisions of sub-paragraph (3) below. (2) The Custodian may hold registrable portfolio Securities which have been delivered to it in physical form, by registering the same in the name of the appropriate Fund or its nominee, or in the name of the Custodian or its nominee, for whose actions such the Fund and Custodian, respectively, shall be fully responsible. Upon the receipt of Instructions, the Custodian shall hold such Securities in street certificate form, so called, with or without any indication of representative capacity. However, unless it receives Instructions to the contrary, the Custodian will register all such portfolio Securities in the name of the Custodian's authorized nominee. All such Securities shall be held in an account of the Custodian containing only assets of the appropriate Fund or only assets held by the Custodian for the benefit of customers, provided that the records of the Custodian shall indicate at all times the Fund or other customer for which such Securities are held in such accounts and the respective interests therein. (3) The Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a the Fund in, and each the Fund hereby approves use of: (a) The Depository Trust & Clearing Corporation; (b) any other clearing agency registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) under section 17A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, which acts as a securities depository; and (c) a Federal Reserve Bank or other entity authorized to operate the federal book-entry system described in the regulations of the Department of the Treasury or book-entry systems operated pursuant to comparable regulations of other federal agencies. Upon the receipt of Special Instructions, the Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a the Fund in any other domestic clearing agency that may otherwise be authorized by the SEC to serve in the capacity of depository or clearing agent for the Securities or other assets of investment companies and that acts as a Securities depository. Each of the foregoing shall be referred to in this Agreement as a "Securities System", and all such Securities Systems shall be listed on the attached Appendix A. Use of a Securities System shall be in accordance with applicable Federal Reserve Board and SEC rules and regulations, if any, and subject to the following provisions: (i) The Custodian may deposit the Securities directly or through one or more agents or Subcustodians which are also qualified to act as custodians for investment companies. (ii) Securities held in a Securities System shall be subject to any agreements or rules effective between the Securities System and the Custodian or a Subcustodian, as the case may be. (iii) Any Securities deposited or maintained in a Securities System shall be held in an account ("Account") of the Custodian or a Subcustodian in the Securities System that includes only assets held by the Custodian or a Subcustodian as a custodian or otherwise for customers. (iv) The books and records of the Custodian shall at all times identify those Securities belonging to any one or more Funds the Fund which are maintained in a Securities System. (v) The Custodian shall pay for Securities purchased for the account of a the Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that such Securities have been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such payment and transfer for the account of such the Fund. The Custodian shall transfer Securities sold for the account of a the Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that payment for such Securities has been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such transfer and payment for the account of such the Fund. Copies of all advices from the Securities System relating to transfers of Securities for the account of a the Fund shall be maintained for such the Fund by the Custodian. Such copies may be maintained by the Custodian in electronic form. The Custodian shall make available to the Fund or its agent on the next business day, by Electronic Communication, facsimile, or other means reasonably acceptable to both parties, daily transaction activity that shall include each day’s transactions for the account of such the Fund. (vi) The Custodian shall, if requested by a the Fund pursuant to Instructions, provide such the Fund with reports obtained by the Custodian or any Subcustodian with respect to a Securities System's accounting system, internal accounting control and procedures for safeguarding Securities deposited in the Securities System. (vii) The appointment and use of any agent or Securities System shall not relieve the Custodian of any of its duties hereunder. (viii) The Custodian otherwise complies with the requirements of Rule 17f-4 under the 1940 Act.

Manner of Holding Securities. (1) The Custodian shall at all times hold Securities of each the Fund either: (i) by physical possession of the share certificates certificates, completed Subscription Agreements, or other instruments representing such Securities, in registered or bearer form; in the vault of the Custodian, Domestic Subcustodian, a Special Custodian, depository or agent of the Custodian; or in an account maintained by the Custodian or agent at a Securities System (as hereinafter defined); or (ii) in book-entry form by a Securities System in accordance with the provisions of sub-paragraph (3) below. (2) The Custodian may hold registrable portfolio Securities which have been delivered to it in physical form, by registering the same in the name of the appropriate Fund or its nominee, or in the name of the Custodian or its nominee, for whose actions such Fund and Custodian, respectively, shall be fully responsible. Upon the receipt of Instructions, the Custodian shall hold such Securities in street certificate form, so called, with or without any indication of representative capacity. However, unless it receives Instructions to the contrary, the Custodian will register all such portfolio Securities in the name of the Custodian's authorized nominee. All such Securities shall be held in an account of the Custodian containing only assets of the appropriate Fund or only assets held by the Custodian for the benefit of customers, provided that the records of the Custodian shall indicate at all times the Fund or other customer for which such Securities are held in such accounts and the respective interests therein. (3) The Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a Fund in, and each the Fund hereby approves use of: (a) The Depository Trust & Clearing Corporation; (b) any other clearing agency registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) under section 17A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, which acts as a securities depository; and (c) a Federal Reserve Bank or other entity authorized to operate the federal book-entry system described in the regulations of the Department of the Treasury or book-entry systems operated pursuant to comparable regulations of other federal agencies. Upon the receipt of Special Instructions, the Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a Fund in any other domestic clearing agency that may otherwise be authorized by the SEC to serve in the capacity of depository or clearing agent for the Securities or other assets of investment companies and that acts as a Securities depository. Each of the foregoing shall be referred to in this Agreement as a "Securities System", and all such Securities Systems shall be listed on the attached Appendix A. Use of a Securities System shall be in accordance with applicable Federal Reserve Board and SEC rules and regulations, if any, and subject to the following provisions: (i) The Custodian may deposit the Securities directly or through one or more agents or Subcustodians which are also qualified to act as custodians for investment companies. (ii) Securities held in a Securities System shall be subject to any agreements or rules effective between the Securities System and the Custodian or a Subcustodian, as the case may be. (iii) Any Securities deposited or maintained in a Securities System shall be held in an account ("Account") of the Custodian or a Subcustodian in the Securities System that includes only assets held by the Custodian or a Subcustodian as a custodian or otherwise for customers. (iv) The books and records of the Custodian shall at all times identify those Securities belonging to any one or more Funds the Fund which are maintained in a Securities System. (v) The Custodian shall pay for Securities purchased for the account of a Fund only upon (upon( a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that such Securities have been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such payment and transfer for the account of such Fund. The Custodian shall transfer Securities sold for the account of a Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that payment for such Securities has been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such transfer and payment for the account of such Fund. Copies of all advices from the Securities System relating to transfers of Securities for the account of a Fund shall be maintained for such Fund by the Custodian. Such copies may be maintained by the Custodian in electronic form. The Custodian shall make available to the Fund or its agent on the next business day, by Electronic Communication, facsimile, or other means reasonably acceptable to both parties, daily transaction activity that shall include each day’s transactions for the account of such Fund. (vi) The Custodian shall, if requested by a Fund pursuant to Instructions, provide such Fund with reports obtained by the Custodian or any Subcustodian with respect to a Securities System's accounting system, internal accounting control and procedures for safeguarding Securities deposited in the Securities System. (vii) The Custodian otherwise complies with the requirements of Rule 17f-4 under the 1940 Act.

Manner of Holding Securities. (1) The Custodian shall at all times hold Securities of each Fund either: (i) by physical possession of the share certificates or other instruments representing such Securities, Securities in registered or bearer form; in the vault of the Custodian, Domestic Subcustodian, a Special Custodian, depository or agent of the Custodian; or in an account maintained by the Custodian or agent at a Securities System (as hereinafter defined); or (ii) in book-entry form by a Securities System (as hereinafter defined) in accordance with the provisions of sub-paragraph (3) below. (2) The Custodian may hold registrable portfolio Securities which have been delivered to it in physical form, by registering the same in the name of the appropriate Fund or its nominee, or in the name of the Custodian or its nominee, for whose actions such Fund and Custodian, respectively, shall be fully responsible. Upon the receipt of Instructions, the Custodian shall hold such Securities in street certificate form, so called, with or without any indication of representative fiduciary capacity. However, unless it receives Instructions to the contrary, the Custodian will register all such portfolio Securities in the name of the Custodian's ’s authorized nominee. All such Securities shall be held in an account of the Custodian containing only assets of the appropriate Fund or only assets held by the Custodian for the benefit of customersas a fiduciary, provided that the records of the Custodian shall indicate at all times the Fund or other customer for which such Securities are held in such accounts and the respective interests therein. (3) The Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a Fund in, and each Fund hereby approves use of: (a) The Depository Trust & Clearing CorporationCompany; (b) any other clearing agency registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) under section 17A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, which acts as a securities depositoryThe Participants Trust Company; and (c) a Federal Reserve Bank or other entity authorized to operate the federal any book-entry system described as provided in (i) Subpart O of Treasury Circular Xx. 000, 00 XXX 306.115, (ii) Subpart B of Treasury Circular Public Debt Series Xx. 00-00, 00 XXX 350.2, or (iii) the regulations of the Department of the Treasury or book-entry systems operated pursuant to comparable regulations of other federal agenciesagencies substantially in the form of 31 CFR 306.115. Upon the receipt of Special Instructions, the Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a Fund in any other domestic clearing agency that registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) under Section 17A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (or as may otherwise be authorized by the SEC to serve in the capacity of depository or clearing agent for the Securities or other assets of investment companies and that companies) which acts as a Securities depository. Each of the foregoing shall be referred to in this Agreement as a "“Securities System"”, and all such Securities Systems shall be listed on the attached Appendix A. Use of a Securities System shall be in accordance with applicable Federal Reserve Board and SEC rules and regulations, if any, and subject to the following provisions: (i) The Custodian may deposit the Securities directly or through one or more agents or Subcustodians which are also qualified to act as custodians for investment companies. (ii) The Custodian shall deposit and/or maintain the Securities held in a Securities System shall be subject to any agreements or rules effective between the System, provided that such Securities System and the Custodian or a Subcustodian, as the case may be. (iii) Any Securities deposited or maintained in a Securities System shall be held are represented in an account ("“Account"”) of the Custodian or a Subcustodian in the Securities System that includes only assets held by the Custodian or a Subcustodian as a fiduciary, custodian or otherwise for customers. (iviii) The books and records of the Custodian shall at all times identify those Securities belonging to any one or more Funds which are maintained in a Securities System. (viv) The Custodian shall pay for Securities purchased for the account of a Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that such Securities have been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such payment and transfer for the account of such Fund. The Custodian shall transfer Securities sold for the account of a Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that payment for such Securities has been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such transfer and payment for the account of such Fund. Copies of all advices from the Securities System relating to transfers of Securities for the account of a Fund shall be maintained for such Fund by the Custodian. Such copies may be maintained by the Custodian in electronic form. The Custodian shall make available deliver to the a Fund or its agent on the next succeeding business day, by Electronic Communication, facsimile, or other means reasonably acceptable to both parties, day daily transaction activity reports that shall include each day’s transactions in the Securities System for the account of such Fund. Such transaction reports shall be delivered to such Fund or any agent designated by such Fund pursuant to Instructions, by computer or in such other manner as such Fund and Custodian may agree. (viv) The Custodian shall, if requested by a Fund pursuant to Instructions, provide such Fund with reports obtained by the Custodian or any Subcustodian with respect to a Securities System's ’s accounting system, internal accounting control and procedures for safeguarding Securities deposited in the Securities System. (vi) Upon receipt of Special Instructions, the Custodian shall terminate the use of any Securities System on behalf of a Fund as promptly as practicable and shall take all actions reasonably practicable to safeguard the Securities of such Fund maintained with such Securities System.

Manner of Holding Securities. (1) The Custodian shall at all times hold Securities of each Fund either: (i) by physical possession of the share certificates or other instruments representing such Securities, in registered or bearer form; in the vault of the Custodian, Domestic Subcustodian, a Special Custodian, depository or agent of the Custodian; or in an account maintained by the Custodian or agent at a Securities System (as hereinafter defined); or (ii) in book-entry form by a Securities System in accordance with the provisions of sub-paragraph (3) below. (2) The Custodian may hold registrable portfolio Securities which have been delivered to it in physical form, by registering the same in the name of the appropriate Fund or its nominee, or in the name of the Custodian or its nominee, for whose actions such Fund and Custodian, respectively, shall be fully responsible. Upon the receipt of Instructions, the Custodian shall hold such Securities in street certificate form, so called, with or without any indication of representative capacity. However, unless it receives Instructions to the contrary, the Custodian will register all such portfolio Securities in the name of the Custodian's ’s authorized nominee. All such Securities held in certificated form and Underlying Shares not held in book-entry form by a Securities System shall be held in an a segregated account of the Custodian containing only assets of the appropriate Fund or only assets held by the Custodian for the benefit of customers, provided that the records of the Custodian shall indicate at all times the Fund or other customer for which such Securities are held in such accounts and the respective interests thereinFund. (3) The Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a Fund in, and each Fund hereby approves use of: (a) The Depository Trust & Clearing Corporation; (b) any other clearing agency registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) under section 17A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, which acts as a securities depository; and (c) a Federal Reserve Bank or other entity authorized to operate the federal book-entry system described in the regulations of the Department of the Treasury or book-entry systems operated pursuant to comparable regulations of other federal agencies. Upon the receipt of Special Instructions, the Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a Fund in any other domestic clearing agency that may otherwise be authorized by the SEC to serve in the capacity of depository or clearing agent for the Securities or other assets of investment companies and that acts as a Securities depository. Each of the foregoing shall be referred to in this Agreement as a "“Securities System"”, and all such Securities Systems shall be listed on the attached Appendix A. Use of a Securities System shall be in accordance with applicable Federal Reserve Board and SEC rules and regulations, if anyincluding without limitation Rule 17f-4 under the Investment Company Act, and subject to the following provisions: (i) The Custodian may deposit the Securities directly or through one or more agents or Subcustodians which are also qualified to act as custodians for investment companies. (ii) Securities held in a Securities System shall be subject to any agreements or rules effective between the Securities System and the Custodian or a Subcustodian, as the case may be. (iii) Any Securities deposited or maintained in a Securities System shall be held in an account ("“Account"”) of the Custodian or a Subcustodian in the Securities System that includes only assets held by the Custodian or a Subcustodian as a custodian or otherwise for customerson behalf of the applicable Fund. (iv) The books and records of the Custodian shall at all times identify those Securities belonging to any one or more Funds which are maintained in a Securities System. (v) The Custodian shall pay for Securities purchased for the account of a Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that such Securities have been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such payment and transfer for the account of such Fund. The Custodian shall transfer Securities sold for the account of a Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that payment for such Securities has been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such transfer and payment for the account of such Fund. Copies of all advices from the Securities System relating to transfers of Securities for the account of a Fund shall be maintained for such Fund by the Custodian. Such copies may be maintained by the Custodian in electronic form. The Custodian shall make available to the Fund or its agent on the next business day, by Electronic Communication, facsimile, or other means reasonably acceptable to both parties, daily transaction activity that shall include each day’s transactions for the account of such Fund. (vi) The Custodian shall, if requested by a shall provide each Fund with reports required to be furnished to the Fund pursuant to Instructions, provide Rule 17f-4 under the Investment Company Act and such Fund with other reports obtained as from time to time may be agreed upon by the Custodian or any Subcustodian and the Fund. Without limiting the foregoing, the Custodian shall provide to each Fund: (a) sub-certifications in connection with Sxxxxxxx-Xxxxx Act of 2002 certification requirements; and (b) periodic reports in such form reasonably agreed to by the parties with respect to a Securities Systemthe services hereunder and the Custodian's accounting system, internal accounting control compliance with its operating policies and procedures for safeguarding Securities deposited in the Securities Systemprocedures.

Manner of Holding Securities. (1) The Custodian shall at all times hold Securities of each Fund either: (i) by physical possession of the share certificates or other instruments representing such Securities, Securities in registered or bearer form; in the vault of the Custodian, Domestic Subcustodian, a Special Custodian, depository or agent of the Custodian; or in an account maintained by the Custodian or agent at a Securities System (as hereinafter defined); or (ii) in book-entry form by a Securities System (as hereinafter defined) in accordance with the provisions of sub-paragraph (3) below. (2) The Custodian may hold registrable portfolio Securities which have been delivered to it in physical form, by registering the same in the name of the appropriate Fund or its nominee, or in the name of the Custodian or its nominee, for whose actions such Fund and Custodian, respectively, shall be fully responsible. Upon the receipt of Instructions, the Custodian shall hold such Securities in street certificate form, so called, with or without any indication of representative fiduciary capacity. However, unless it receives Instructions to the contrary, the Custodian will register all such portfolio Securities in the name of the Custodian's authorized nominee. All such Securities shall be held in an account of the Custodian containing only assets of the appropriate Fund or only assets held by the Custodian for the benefit of customersas a fiduciary, provided that the records of the Custodian shall indicate at all times the Fund or other customer for which such Securities are held in such accounts and the respective interests therein. (3) The Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a Fund in, and each Fund hereby approves use of: (a) The Depository Trust & Clearing Corporation; Company; (b) any other clearing agency registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) under section 17A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, which acts as a securities depositoryThe Participants Trust Company; and (c) a Federal Reserve Bank or other entity authorized to operate the federal any book-entry system described as provided in (i) Subpart O of Treasury Circular Nx. 000, 00 XXX 306.115, (ii) Subpart B of Treasury Circular Public Debt Series Nx. 00-00, 00 XXX 350.2, or (iii) the regulations of the Department of the Treasury or book-entry systems operated pursuant to comparable regulations of other federal agenciesagencies substantially in the form of 31 CFR 306.115. Upon the receipt of Special Instructions, the Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a Fund in any other domestic clearing agency that registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") under Section 17A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (or as may otherwise be authorized by the SEC to serve in the capacity of depository or clearing agent for the Securities or other assets of investment companies and that companies) which acts as a Securities depository. Each of the foregoing shall be referred to in this Agreement as a "Securities System", and all such Securities Systems shall be listed on the attached Appendix A. Use of a Securities System shall be in accordance with applicable Federal Reserve Board and SEC rules and regulations, if any, and subject to the following provisions: (i) The Custodian may deposit the Securities directly or through one or more agents or Subcustodians which are also qualified to act as custodians for investment companies. (ii) The Custodian shall deposit and/or maintain the Securities held in a Securities System shall be subject to any agreements or rules effective between the System, provided that such Securities System and the Custodian or a Subcustodian, as the case may be. (iii) Any Securities deposited or maintained in a Securities System shall be held are represented in an account ("Account") of the Custodian or a Subcustodian in the Securities System that includes only assets held by the Custodian or a Subcustodian as a fiduciary, custodian or otherwise for customers. (iviii) The books and records of the Custodian shall at all times identify those Securities belonging to any one or more Funds which are maintained in a Securities System. (viv) The Custodian shall pay for Securities purchased for the account of a Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that such Securities have been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such payment and transfer for the account of such Fund. The Custodian shall transfer Securities sold for the account of a Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that payment for such Securities has been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such transfer and payment for the account of such Fund. Copies of all advices from the Securities System relating to transfers of Securities for the account of a Fund shall be maintained for such Fund by the Custodian. Such copies may be maintained by the Custodian in electronic form. The Custodian shall make available deliver to the a Fund or its agent on the next succeeding business day, by Electronic Communication, facsimile, or other means reasonably acceptable to both parties, day daily transaction activity that reports which shall include each day’s 's transactions in the Securities System for the account of such Fund. Such transaction reports shall be delivered to such Fund or any agent designated by such Fund pursuant to Instructions, by computer or in such other manner as such Fund and Custodian may agree. (viv) The Custodian shall, if requested by a Fund pursuant to Instructions, provide such Fund with reports obtained by the Custodian or any Subcustodian with respect to a Securities System's accounting system, internal accounting control and procedures for safeguarding Securities deposited in the Securities System. (vi) Upon receipt of Special Instructions, the Custodian shall terminate the use of any Securities System on behalf of a Fund as promptly as practicable and shall take all actions reasonably practicable to safeguard the Securities of such Fund maintained with such Securities System.

Manner of Holding Securities. (1) The Custodian shall at all times hold Securities of each Fund either: (i) by physical possession of the share certificates or other instruments representing such Securities, in registered or bearer form; in the vault of the Custodian, Domestic Subcustodian, a Special Custodian, depository or agent of the Custodian; or in an account maintained by the Custodian or agent at a Securities System (as hereinafter defined); or (ii) in book-entry book‑entry form by a Securities System in accordance with the provisions of sub-paragraph sub‑paragraph (3) below. (2) The Custodian may hold registrable portfolio Securities which have been delivered to it in physical form, by registering the same in the name of the appropriate Fund or its nominee, or in the name of the Custodian or its nominee, for whose actions such Fund and Custodian, respectively, shall be fully responsible. Upon the receipt of Instructions, the Custodian shall hold such Securities in street certificate form, so called, with or without any indication of representative capacity. However, unless it receives Instructions to the contrary, the Custodian will register all such portfolio Securities in the name of the Custodian's authorized nominee. All such Securities shall be held in an account of the Custodian containing only assets of the appropriate Fund or only assets held by the Custodian for the benefit of customers, provided that the records of the Custodian shall indicate at all times the Fund or other customer for which such Securities are held in such accounts and the respective interests therein. (3) The Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a Fund in, and each Fund hereby approves use of: (a) The Depository Trust & Clearing Corporation; (b) any other clearing agency registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“"SEC”") under section 17A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, which acts as a securities depository; and (c) a Federal Reserve Bank or other entity authorized to operate the federal book-entry system described in the regulations of the Department of the Treasury or book-entry systems operated pursuant to comparable regulations of other federal agencies. Upon the receipt of Special Instructions, the Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a Fund in any other domestic clearing agency that may otherwise be authorized by the SEC to serve in the capacity of depository or clearing agent for the Securities or other assets of investment companies and that acts as a Securities depository. Each of the foregoing shall be referred to in this Agreement as a "Securities System", and all such Securities Systems shall be listed on the attached Appendix A. Use of a Securities System shall be in accordance with applicable Federal Reserve Board and SEC rules and regulations, if any, and subject to the following provisions: (i) The Custodian may deposit the Securities directly or through one or more agents or Subcustodians which are also qualified to act as custodians for investment companies. (ii) Securities held in a Securities System shall be subject to any agreements or rules effective between the Securities System and the Custodian or a Subcustodian, as the case may be. (iii) Any Securities deposited or maintained in a Securities System shall be held in an account ("Account") of the Custodian or a Subcustodian in the Securities System that includes only assets held by the Custodian or a Subcustodian as a custodian or otherwise for customers. (iv) The books and records of the Custodian shall at all times identify those Securities belonging to any one or more Funds which are maintained in a Securities System. (v) The Custodian shall pay for Securities purchased for the account of a Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that such Securities have been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such payment and transfer for the account of such Fund. The Custodian shall transfer Securities sold for the account of a Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that payment for such Securities has been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such transfer and payment for the account of such Fund. Copies of all advices from the Securities System relating to transfers of Securities for the account of a Fund shall be maintained for such Fund by the Custodian. Such copies may be maintained by the Custodian in electronic form. The Custodian shall make available to the Fund or its agent on the next business day, by Electronic Communication, facsimile, or other means reasonably acceptable to both parties, daily transaction activity that shall include each day’s 's transactions for the account of such Fund. (vi) The Custodian shall, if requested by a Fund pursuant to Instructions, provide such Fund with reports obtained by the Custodian or any Subcustodian with respect to a Securities System's accounting system, internal accounting control and procedures for safeguarding Securities deposited in the Securities System.

Manner of Holding Securities. (1) The Custodian shall at all times hold Securities of each Fund either: (i) by physical possession of the share certificates or other instruments representing such Securities, in registered or bearer form; in the vault of the Custodian, Domestic Subcustodian, a Special Custodian, depository or agent of the Custodian; or in an account maintained by the Custodian or agent at a Securities System (as hereinafter defined); or (ii) in book-entry form by a Securities System in accordance with the provisions of sub-paragraph (3) below. (2) The Custodian may hold registrable portfolio Securities which have been delivered to it in physical form, by registering the same in the name of the appropriate Fund or its nominee, or in the name of the Custodian or its nominee, for whose actions such Fund and Custodian, respectively, shall be fully responsible. Upon the receipt of Instructions, the Custodian shall hold such Securities in street certificate form, so called, with or without any indication of representative capacity. However, unless it receives Instructions to the contrary, the Custodian will register all such portfolio Securities in the name of the Custodian's authorized nominee. All such Securities shall be held in an account of the Custodian containing only assets of the appropriate Fund or only assets held by the Custodian for the benefit of customers, provided that the records of the Custodian shall indicate at all times the Fund or other customer for which such Securities are held in such accounts and the respective interests therein. (3) The Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a Fund in, and each Fund hereby approves use of: (a) The Depository Trust & Clearing Corporation; (b) any other clearing agency registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) under section 17A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, which acts as a securities depository; and (c) a Federal Reserve Bank or other entity authorized to operate the federal book-entry system described in the regulations of the Department of the Treasury or book-entry systems operated pursuant to comparable regulations of other federal agencies. Upon the receipt of Special Instructions, the Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a Fund in any other domestic clearing agency that may otherwise be authorized by the SEC to serve in the capacity of depository or clearing agent for the Securities or other assets of investment companies and that acts as a Securities depository. Each of the foregoing shall be referred to in this Agreement as a "Securities System", and all such Securities Systems shall be listed on the attached Appendix A. Use of a Securities System shall be in accordance with applicable Federal Reserve Board and SEC rules and regulations, if any, and subject to the following provisions: (i) The Custodian may deposit the Securities directly or through one or more agents or Subcustodians which are also qualified to act as custodians for investment companies. (ii) Securities held in a Securities System shall be subject to any agreements or rules effective between the Securities System and the Custodian or a Subcustodian, as the case may be. (iii) Any Securities deposited or maintained in a Securities System shall be held in an account ("Account") of the Custodian or a Subcustodian in the Securities System that includes only assets held by the Custodian or a Subcustodian as a custodian or otherwise for customers. (iv) The books and records of the Custodian shall at all times identify those Securities belonging to any one or more Funds which are maintained in a Securities System. (v) The Custodian shall pay for Securities purchased for the account of a Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that such Securities have been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such payment and transfer for the account of such Fund. The Custodian shall transfer Securities sold for the account of a Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that payment for such Securities has been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such transfer and payment for the account of such Fund. Copies of all advices from the Securities System relating to transfers of Securities for the account of a Fund shall be maintained for such Fund by the Custodian. Such copies may be maintained by the Custodian in electronic form. The Custodian shall make available to the Fund or its agent on the next business day, by Electronic Communication, data file, facsimile, or other means reasonably acceptable to both parties, daily transaction activity that shall include each day’s transactions for the account of such Fund. (vi) The Custodian shall, if requested by a Fund pursuant to Instructions, provide such Fund with reports obtained by the Custodian or any Subcustodian with respect to a Securities System's accounting system, internal accounting control and procedures for safeguarding Securities deposited in the Securities System.

Manner of Holding Securities. (1) The Custodian shall at all times in accordance with Instructions received from IRC hold Securities of each Fund Company either: (i) by physical possession of the share certificates or other instruments representing such Securities, Securities in registered or bearer form; in the vault of the Custodian, Domestic Subcustodian, a Special Custodian, depository or agent of the Custodian; or in an account maintained by the Custodian or agent at a Securities System (as hereinafter defined); or (ii) in book-entry form by a Securities System (as hereinafter defined) in accordance with the provisions of sub-paragraph (3) below. (2) The Custodian may hold registrable portfolio Securities which have been delivered to it in physical form, by registering the same in the name of the appropriate Fund or its nominee, or in the name of the Custodian or its nominee, for whose actions such Fund and Custodian, respectively, Custodian shall be fully responsible. Upon the receipt of Instructions, the Custodian shall hold such Securities in street certificate form, so called, with or without any indication of representative fiduciary capacity. However, unless it receives Instructions to the contrary, the Custodian will register all such portfolio Securities in the name of the Custodian's authorized nominee. All such Securities shall be held in an account of the Custodian containing only assets of the appropriate Fund Company or only assets held by the Custodian for the benefit of customersas a fiduciary, provided that the records of the Custodian shall indicate accurately reflect at all times the Fund Company or other customer for which such Securities are held in such accounts and the respective interests therein. (3) The Upon receipt of Instructions, the Custodian may will deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a Fund Company in, and each Fund Company hereby approves use of: (a) The Depository Trust & Clearing CorporationCompany; (b) The Participants Trust Company; and (c) any book-entry system as provided in (i) Subpart O of Treasury Circular No. 300, 31 CFR 306.115, (ii) Subxxxx X xx Xxxxxury Circular Public Debt Series No. 27-76, 31 CFR 350.2, or (iii) xxx xxxx-xxxxx xegulations of federal agencies substantially in the form of 31 CRT 306.115. Upon the receipt of Special Instructions, the Custodian will deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a Fund Company in any other domestic clearing agency registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“"SEC”") under section Section 17A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, which acts 1934 (or as a securities depository; and (c) a Federal Reserve Bank or other entity authorized to operate the federal book-entry system described in the regulations of the Department of the Treasury or book-entry systems operated pursuant to comparable regulations of other federal agencies. Upon the receipt of Special Instructions, the Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a Fund in any other domestic clearing agency that may otherwise be authorized by the SEC to serve in the capacity of depository or clearing agent for the Securities or other assets of investment companies and that companies) which acts as a Securities depository. Each of the foregoing shall be referred to in this Agreement as a "Securities System", ," and all such Securities Systems shall be listed on the attached Appendix A. Use of a Securities System shall be in accordance with applicable Federal Reserve Board and SEC rules and regulations, if any, and subject to the following provisions: (i) The Custodian may deposit the Securities directly or through one or more agents or Subcustodians which are also qualified to act as custodians for investment companies. (ii) The Custodian shall deposit and/or maintain the Securities held in a Securities System shall be subject to any agreements or rules effective between the System, provided that such Securities System and the Custodian or a Subcustodian, as the case may be. (iii) Any Securities deposited or maintained in a Securities System shall be held are represented in an account ("Account") of the Custodian or a Subcustodian in the Securities System that includes only assets held by the Custodian or a Subcustodian as a fiduciary, custodian or otherwise for customers. (iviii) The books and records of the Custodian shall at all times identify those Securities belonging to any one or more Funds which of the Fund Companies that are maintained in a Securities System. (viv) The Custodian shall pay for Securities purchased for the account of a Fund Company only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that such Securities have been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such payment and transfer for the account of such FundFund Company. The Custodian shall transfer Securities sold for the account of a Fund Company only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that payment for such Securities has been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such transfer and payment for the account of such FundFund Company. Copies of all advices from the Securities System relating to transfers of Securities for the account of a Fund Company shall be maintained for such Fund Company by the Custodian. Such copies may be maintained by the Custodian in electronic form. The Custodian shall make available deliver to the a Fund or its agent Company on the next succeeding business day, by Electronic Communication, facsimile, or other means reasonably acceptable to both parties, day daily transaction activity that reports which shall include each day’s 's transactions in the Securities System for the account of such Fund. (vi) The Custodian shall, if requested Fund Company. Such transaction reports shall be delivered to such Fund Company or any agent designated by a such Fund Company pursuant to Instructions, by computer or in such other manner as such Fund Company and Custodian may agree. (v) The Custodian shall provide such Fund Company with reports obtained by the Custodian or any Subcustodian with respect to a Securities System's accounting system, internal accounting control and procedures for safeguarding Securities deposited in the Securities System. (vi) Upon receipt of Special Instructions, the Custodian shall terminate the use of any Securities System on behalf of a Fund Company as promptly as practicable and shall take all actions reasonably practicable to safeguard the Securities of such Fund Company maintained with such Securities System.

Manner of Holding Securities. (1) The Custodian shall at all times hold Securities of each Fund either: (i) by physical possession of the share certificates or other instruments representing such Securities, Securities in registered or bearer form; in the vault of the Custodian, Domestic Subcustodian, a Special Custodian, depository or agent of the Custodian; or in an account maintained by the Custodian or agent at a Securities System (as hereinafter defined); or (ii) in book-entry form by a Securities System (as hereinafter defined) in accordance with the provisions of sub-paragraph (3) below. (2) The Custodian may hold registrable portfolio Securities which have been delivered to it in physical form, by registering the same in the name of the appropriate Fund or its nominee, or in the name of the Custodian or its nominee, for whose actions such Fund and Custodian, respectively, the Custodian shall be fully responsible. Upon the receipt of Instructions, the Custodian shall hold such Securities in street certificate form, so called, with or without any indication of representative fiduciary capacity. However, unless it receives Instructions to the contrary, the Custodian will register all such portfolio Securities in the name of the Custodian's authorized nominee. All such Securities shall be held in an account of the Custodian containing only assets of the appropriate Fund or only assets held by the Custodian for the benefit of customersas a fiduciary, provided that the records of the Custodian shall indicate at all times the Fund or other customer for which such Securities are held in such accounts and the respective interests therein. (3) The Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a Fund in, and each Fund hereby approves use of: (a) The Depository Trust & Clearing Corporation; Company; (b) any other clearing agency registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) under section 17A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, which acts as a securities depositoryThe Participants Trust Company; and (c) a Federal Reserve Bank or other entity authorized to operate the federal any book-entry system described as provided in (i) Subpart O of Treasury Circular Xx. 000, 00 XXX 306.115, (ii) Subpart B of Treasury Circular Public Debt Series Xx. 00-00, 00 XXX 350.2, or (iii) the regulations of the Department of the Treasury or book-entry systems operated pursuant to comparable regulations of other federal agenciesagencies substantially in the form of 31 CFR 306.115. Upon the receipt of Special Instructions, the Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a Fund in any other domestic clearing agency that registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") under Section 17A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (or as may otherwise be authorized by the SEC to serve in the capacity of depository or clearing agent for the Securities or other assets of investment companies and that companies) which acts as a Securities depository. Each of the foregoing shall be referred to in this Agreement as a "Securities System", and all such Securities Systems shall be listed on the attached Appendix A. Use of a Securities System shall be in accordance with applicable Federal Reserve Board and SEC rules and regulations, if any, and subject to the following provisions: (i) The Custodian may deposit the Securities directly or through one or more agents or Subcustodians which are also qualified to act as custodians for investment companies. (ii) The Custodian shall deposit and/or maintain the Securities held in a Securities System shall be subject to any agreements or rules effective between the System, provided that such Securities System and the Custodian or a Subcustodian, as the case may be. (iii) Any Securities deposited or maintained in a Securities System shall be held are represented in an account ("Account") of the Custodian or a Subcustodian in the Securities System that includes only assets held by the Custodian or a Subcustodian as a fiduciary, custodian or otherwise for customers. (iviii) The books and records of the Custodian shall at all times identify those Securities belonging to any one or more Funds which are maintained in a Securities System. (viv) The Custodian shall pay for Securities purchased for the account of a Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that such Securities have been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such payment and transfer for the account of such Fund. The Custodian shall transfer Securities sold for the account of a Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that payment for such Securities has been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such transfer and payment for the account of such Fund. Copies of all advices from the Securities System relating to transfers of Securities for the account of a Fund shall be maintained for such Fund by the Custodian. Such copies may be maintained by the Custodian in electronic form. The Custodian shall make available deliver to the a Fund or its agent on the next succeeding business day, by Electronic Communication, facsimile, or other means reasonably acceptable to both parties, day daily transaction activity reports that shall include each day’s 's transactions in the Securities System for the account of such Fund. Such transaction reports shall be delivered to such Fund or any agent designated by such Fund pursuant to Instructions, by computer or in such other manner as such Fund and Custodian may agree. (viv) The Custodian shall, if requested by a Fund pursuant to Instructions, provide such Fund with reports obtained by the Custodian or any Subcustodian with respect to a Securities System's accounting system, internal accounting control and procedures for safeguarding Securities deposited in the Securities System. (vi) Upon receipt of Special Instructions, the Custodian shall terminate the use of any Securities System on behalf of a Fund as promptly as practicable and shall take all actions reasonably practicable to safeguard the Securities of such Fund maintained with such Securities System.

Manner of Holding Securities. (1) The Custodian shall at all times hold Securities of each the Fund either: (i) by physical possession of the share certificates or other instruments representing such Securities, in registered or bearer form; in the vault of the Custodian, Domestic Subcustodian, a Special Custodian, depository or agent of the Custodian; or in an account maintained by the Custodian or agent at a Securities System (as hereinafter defined); or (ii) in book-entry form by a Securities System in accordance with the provisions of sub-paragraph (3) below. (2) The Custodian may hold registrable portfolio Securities which have been delivered to it in physical form, by registering the same in the name of the appropriate Fund or its nominee, or in the name of the Custodian or its nominee, for whose actions such the Fund and Custodian, respectively, shall be fully responsible. Upon the receipt of Instructions, the Custodian shall hold such Securities in street certificate form, so called, with or without any indication of representative capacity. However, unless it receives Instructions to the contrary, the Custodian will register all such portfolio Securities in the name of the Custodian's authorized nominee. All such Securities shall be held in an account of the Custodian containing only assets of the appropriate Fund or only assets held by the Custodian for the benefit of customers, provided that the records of the Custodian shall indicate at all times the Fund or other customer for which such Securities are held in such accounts and the respective interests therein. (3) The Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a the Fund in, and each the Fund hereby approves use of: (a) The Depository Trust & Clearing Corporation; (b) any other clearing agency registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) under section 17A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, which acts as a securities depository; and (c) a Federal Reserve Bank or other entity authorized to operate the federal book-entry system described in the regulations of the Department of the Treasury or book-entry systems operated pursuant to comparable regulations of other federal agencies. Upon the receipt of Special Instructions, the Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a the Fund in any other domestic clearing agency that may otherwise be authorized by the SEC to serve in the capacity of depository or clearing agent for the Securities or other assets of investment companies and that acts as a Securities depository. Each of the foregoing shall be referred to in this Agreement as a "Securities System", and all such Securities Systems shall be listed on the attached Appendix A. Use of a Securities System shall be in accordance compliance with applicable Federal Reserve Board rules and regulations, the conditions of Rule 17f-4 under the 1940 Act, and any other SEC rules and regulations, if any, and subject to the following provisions: (i) The Custodian may deposit the Securities directly or through one or more agents or Subcustodians which are also qualified to act as custodians for investment companies. (ii) Securities held in a Securities System shall be subject to any agreements or rules effective between the Securities System and the Custodian or a Subcustodian, as the case may be. (iii) Any Securities deposited or maintained in a Securities System shall be held in an a segregated account or accounts ("Account") of the Custodian or a Subcustodian in the Securities System that includes only assets held by the Custodian or a Subcustodian as a custodian or otherwise for customersand on behalf of the Fund. (iv) The books and records of the Custodian shall at all times identify those Securities belonging to any one or more Funds the Fund which are maintained in a Securities System. (v) The Custodian shall pay for Securities purchased for the account of a the Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that such Securities have been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such payment and transfer for the account of such the Fund. The Custodian shall transfer Securities sold for the account of a the Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that payment for such Securities has been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such transfer and payment for the account of such the Fund. Copies of all advices from the Securities System relating to transfers of Securities for the account of a the Fund shall be maintained for such the Fund by the Custodian. Such copies may be maintained by the Custodian in electronic form. The Custodian shall make available to the Fund or its agent on the next business day, by Electronic Communication, data file, facsimile, or other means reasonably acceptable to both parties, daily transaction activity that shall include each day’s transactions for the account of such the Fund. (vi) The Custodian shall, if requested by a the Fund pursuant to Instructions, provide such the Fund with reports obtained by the Custodian or any Subcustodian with respect to a Securities System's accounting system, internal accounting control and procedures for safeguarding Securities deposited in the Securities System. (vii) The appointment and use of any agent or Securities System shall not relieve the Custodian of any of its duties hereunder.

Manner of Holding Securities. (1) The Custodian shall at all times hold Securities of each Fund the Funds either: (i) by physical possession of the share certificates certificates, completed Loan Documents (see Section 4(f)(2) below), completed Subscription Agreements, or other instruments representing such Securities, in registered or bearer form; in the vault of the Custodian, Domestic Subcustodian, a Special Custodian, depository or agent of the Custodian; or in an account maintained by the Custodian or agent at a Securities System (as hereinafter defined); or (ii) in book-entry form by a Securities System in accordance with the provisions of sub-paragraph (3) below. (2) The Custodian may hold registrable portfolio Securities which that have been delivered to it in physical form, by registering the same in the name of the appropriate Fund or its nominee, or in the name of the Custodian or its nomineenominee on behalf and for the benefit of the Fund, for whose actions such Fund and Custodian, respectively, Party shall be fully responsible. Upon the receipt of Instructions, the Custodian shall hold such Securities in street certificate form, so called, with or without any indication of representative capacity. However, unless it receives Instructions to the contrary, the Custodian will register all such portfolio Securities in the name of the Custodian's ’s authorized nomineenominee on behalf and for the benefit of the Fund. All such Securities shall be held in an account of the Custodian containing only assets of the appropriate Fund or only assets held by the Custodian for the benefit of customers, provided that the records of the Custodian shall indicate at all times the Fund or other customer for which such Securities are held in such accounts and the respective interests therein. (3) The Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a Fund in, and each Fund hereby approves use of: (a) The Depository Trust & Clearing Corporation; (b) any other clearing agency registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) under section 17A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, which acts as a securities depository; and (c) a Federal Reserve Bank or other entity authorized to operate the federal book-entry system described in the regulations of the Department of the Treasury or book-entry systems operated pursuant to comparable regulations of other federal agencies. Upon the receipt of Special Instructions, the Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a Fund in any other domestic clearing agency that may otherwise be authorized by the SEC to serve in the capacity of depository or clearing agent for the Securities or other assets of investment companies and that acts as a Securities depository. Each of the foregoing shall be referred to in this Agreement as a "“Securities System"”, and all such Securities Systems shall be listed on the attached Appendix A. Use of a Securities System shall be in accordance with applicable Federal Reserve Board and SEC rules and regulations, if any, and subject to the following provisions: (i) The Custodian may deposit the Securities directly or through one or more agents or Subcustodians which are also qualified to act as custodians for investment companies. (ii) Securities held in a Securities System shall be subject to any agreements or rules effective between the Securities System and the Custodian or a Subcustodian, as the case may be. (iii) Any Securities deposited or maintained in a Securities System shall be held in an account ("“Account"”) of the Custodian or a Subcustodian in the Securities System in the name of the Fund that includes only assets held by the Custodian or a Subcustodian as a custodian or otherwise for customers, provided that no other customers can access the Fund’s Securities. (iv) The books and records of the Custodian shall at all times identify those Securities belonging to any one or more Funds the Fund which are maintained in a Securities System. (v) The Custodian shall pay for Securities purchased for the account of a Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that such Securities have been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such payment and transfer for the account of such Fund. The Custodian shall transfer Securities sold for the account of a Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that payment for such Securities has been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such transfer and payment for the account of such Fund. Copies of all advices from the Securities System relating to transfers of Securities for the account of a Fund shall be maintained for such Fund by the Custodian. Such copies may be maintained by the Custodian in electronic form. The Custodian shall make available to the Fund or its agent on the next business day, by Electronic Communication, facsimile, or other means reasonably acceptable to both partiesParties, daily transaction activity that shall include each day’s transactions for the account of such Fund. (vi) The Custodian shall, if requested by a Fund pursuant to Instructions, promptly provide such Fund with reports obtained by the Custodian or any Subcustodian with respect to a Securities System's ’s accounting system, internal accounting control control, and procedures for safeguarding Securities deposited in the Securities System. (vii) Upon receipt of Special Instructions to do so, the Custodian shall terminate the use of any particular Securities System on behalf of a Fund as promptly as practicable and shall take all actions reasonably practicable to safeguard the Securities and other Assets of the Fund maintained with such Securities System, including, but not limited to, use of an alternative Securities System. (viii) The Custodian represents that it will comply at all times with the requirements of Rule 17f-4 under the 1940 Act.

Manner of Holding Securities. (1) The Custodian shall at all times hold Securities of each Fund either: (i) by physical possession of the share certificates or other instruments representing such Securities, Securities in registered or bearer form; in the vault of the Custodian, Domestic Subcustodian, a Special Custodian, depository or agent of the Custodian; or in an account maintained by the Custodian or agent at a Securities System (as hereinafter defined); or (ii) in book-entry form by a Securities System (as hereinafter defined) in accordance with the provisions of sub-paragraph (3) below. (2) The Custodian may hold registrable portfolio Securities which have been delivered to it in physical form, by registering the same in the name of the appropriate Fund or its nominee, or in the name of the Custodian or its nominee, for whose actions such Fund and Custodian, respectively, shall be fully responsible. Upon the receipt of Instructions, the Custodian shall hold such Securities in street certificate form, so called, with or without any indication of representative fiduciary capacity. However, unless it receives Instructions to the contrary, the Custodian will register all such portfolio Securities in the name of the Custodian's authorized nominee. All such Securities shall be held in an account of the Custodian containing only assets of the appropriate Fund or only assets held by the Custodian for the benefit of customersas a fiduciary, provided that the records of the Custodian shall indicate at all times the Fund or other customer for which such Securities are held in such accounts and the respective interests therein. (3) The Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a Fund in, and each Fund hereby approves use of: : (a) The Depository Trust & Clearing CorporationCompany; and (b) any other clearing agency registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) under section 17A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, which acts as a securities depository; and (c) a Federal Reserve Bank or other entity authorized to operate the federal book-entry system described as provided in (i) Subpart O of Treasury Circular Xx. 000, 00 XXX 306.115, (ii) Subpart B of Treasury Circular Public Debt Series Xx. 00-00, 00 XXX 350.2, or (iii) the regulations of the Department of the Treasury or book-entry systems operated pursuant to comparable regulations of other federal agenciesagencies substantially in the form of 31 CFR 306.115. Upon the receipt of Special Instructions, the Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a Fund in any other domestic clearing agency that registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") under Section 17A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (or as may otherwise be authorized by the SEC to serve in the capacity of depository or clearing agent for the Securities or other assets of investment companies and that companies) which acts as a Securities depository. Each of the foregoing shall be referred to in this Agreement as a "Securities System", and all such Securities Systems shall be listed on the attached Appendix A. Use of a Securities System shall be in accordance with applicable Federal Reserve Board and SEC rules and regulations, if any, and subject to the following provisions: (i) The Custodian may deposit the Securities directly or through one or more agents or Subcustodians which are also qualified to act as custodians for investment companies. (ii) The Custodian shall deposit and/or maintain the Securities held in a Securities System shall be subject to any agreements or rules effective between the System, provided that such Securities System and the Custodian or a Subcustodian, as the case may be. (iii) Any Securities deposited or maintained in a Securities System shall be held are represented in an account ("Account") of the Custodian or a Subcustodian in the Securities System that includes only assets held by the Custodian or a Subcustodian as a fiduciary, custodian or otherwise for customers. (iviii) The books and records of the Custodian shall at all times identify those Securities belonging to any one or more Funds which are maintained in a Securities System. (viv) The Custodian shall pay for Securities purchased for the account of a Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that such Securities have been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such payment and transfer for the account of such Fund. The Custodian shall transfer Securities sold for the account of a Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that payment for such Securities has been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such transfer and payment for the account of such Fund. Copies of all advices from the Securities System relating to transfers of Securities for the account of a Fund shall be maintained for such Fund by the Custodian. Such copies may be maintained by the Custodian in electronic form. The Custodian shall make available deliver to the a Fund or its agent on the next succeeding business day, by Electronic Communication, facsimile, or other means reasonably acceptable to both parties, day daily transaction activity reports that shall include each day’s 's transactions in the Securities System for the account of such Fund. Such transaction reports shall be delivered to such Fund or any agent designated by such Fund pursuant to Instructions, by computer or in such other manner as such Fund and Custodian may agree. (viv) The Custodian shall, if requested by a Fund pursuant to Instructions, provide such Fund with reports obtained by the Custodian or any Subcustodian with respect to a Securities System's accounting system, internal accounting control and procedures for safeguarding Securities deposited in the Securities System. (vi) Upon receipt of Special Instructions, the Custodian shall terminate the use of any Securities System on behalf of a Fund as promptly as practicable and shall take all actions reasonably practicable to safeguard the Securities of such Fund maintained with such Securities System.

Manner of Holding Securities. (1) The Custodian shall at all times hold Securities of each the Fund either: (i) by physical possession of the share certificates or other instruments representing such Securities, in registered or bearer form; in the vault of the Custodian, Domestic Subcustodian, a Special Custodian, depository or agent of the Custodian; or in an account maintained by the Custodian or agent at a Securities System (as hereinafter defined); or (ii) in book-entry form by a Securities System in accordance with the provisions of sub-paragraph (3) below. (2) The Custodian may hold registrable portfolio Securities which have been delivered to it in physical form, by registering the same in the name of the appropriate Fund or its nominee, or in the name of the Custodian or its nominee, for whose actions such Fund and Custodian, respectively, shall be fully responsible. Upon the receipt of Instructions, the Custodian shall hold such Securities in street certificate form, so called, with or without any indication of representative capacity. However, unless it receives Instructions to the contrary, the Custodian will register all such portfolio Securities in the name of the Custodian's ’s authorized nominee. All such Securities shall be held in an account of the Custodian containing only assets of the appropriate Fund or only assets held by the Custodian for the benefit of customers, provided that the records of the Custodian shall indicate at all times the Fund or other customer for which such Securities are held in such accounts and the respective interests therein. (3) The Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a Fund in, and each the Fund hereby approves use of: (a) The Depository Trust & Clearing Corporation; (b) any other clearing agency registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) under section 17A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, which acts as a securities depository; and (c) a Federal Reserve Bank or other entity authorized to operate the federal book-entry system described in the regulations of the Department of the Treasury or book-entry systems operated pursuant to comparable regulations of other federal agencies. Upon the receipt of Special Instructions, the Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a Fund in any other domestic clearing agency that may otherwise be authorized by the SEC to serve in the capacity of depository or clearing agent for the Securities or other assets of investment companies and that acts as a Securities depository. Each of the foregoing shall be referred to in this Agreement as a "“Securities System"”, and all such Securities Systems shall be listed on the attached Appendix A. Use of a Securities System shall be in accordance with applicable Federal Reserve Board and SEC rules and regulations, if any, and subject to the following provisions: (i) The Custodian may deposit the Securities directly or through one or more agents or Subcustodians which are also qualified to act as custodians for investment companies. (ii) Securities held in a Securities System shall be subject to any agreements or rules effective between the Securities System and the Custodian or a Subcustodian, as the case may be. (iii) Any Securities deposited or maintained in a Securities System shall be held in an account ("“Account"”) of the Custodian or a Subcustodian in the Securities System that includes only assets held by the Custodian or a Subcustodian as a custodian or otherwise for customers. (iv) The books and records of the Custodian shall at all times identify those Securities belonging to any one or more Funds the Fund which are maintained in a Securities System. (v) The Custodian shall pay for Securities purchased for the account of a Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that such Securities have been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such payment and transfer for the account of such Fund. The Custodian shall transfer Securities sold for the account of a Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that payment for such Securities has been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such transfer and payment for the account of such Fund. Copies of all advices from the Securities System relating to transfers of Securities for the account of a Fund shall be maintained for such Fund by the Custodian. Such copies may be maintained by the Custodian in electronic form. The Custodian shall make available to the Fund or its agent on the next business day, by Electronic Communication, facsimile, or other means reasonably acceptable to both parties, daily transaction activity that shall include each day’s transactions for the account of such Fund. (vi) The Custodian shall, if requested by a Fund pursuant to Instructions, provide such Fund with reports obtained by the Custodian or any Subcustodian with respect to a Securities System's ’s accounting system, internal accounting control and procedures for safeguarding Securities deposited in the Securities System.

Manner of Holding Securities. (1a) The Custodian shall at all times hold Securities securities of each Fund Fund's Portfolios either: (i) by physical possession of the share certificates or other instruments representing such Securities, securities in registered or bearer form; in the vault of the Custodian, Domestic Subcustodian, a Special Custodian, depository or agent of the Custodian; or in an account maintained by the Custodian or agent at a Securities System (as hereinafter defined); or (ii) in book-entry form by a Securities System (as hereinafter defined) in accordance with the provisions of sub-paragraph (3) Section 2.22 below. (2b) The Custodian may shall at all times hold registrable portfolio Securities which have been delivered to it in physical form, by registering the same in the name registered securities of the appropriate Fund or its nominee, or in the name of the Custodian or its nominee, for whose actions such Fund and Custodian, respectively, shall be fully responsible. Upon the receipt of Instructions, the Custodian shall hold such Securities in street certificate form, so called, with or without any indication of representative capacity. However, unless it receives Instructions to the contrary, the Custodian will register all such portfolio Securities each Portfolio in the name of the Custodian's authorized nominee. All , the Portfolio or a nominee of either of them, unless specifically directed by Proper Instructions to hold such Securities registered securities in so-called street name; provided that, in any event, all such securities and other assets shall be held in an account of the Custodian containing only assets of the appropriate Fund a Portfolio, or only assets held by the Custodian as a fiduciary or custodian for the benefit of customers; and provided further, provided that the records of the Custodian shall indicate at all times the Fund Portfolio or other customer for which such Securities securities and other assets are held in such accounts account and the respective interests therein. (3c) The Notwithstanding the provisions of the foregoing paragraphs of this Section 2.02, the Custodian may deposit and/or is hereby authorized to maintain domestic Securities the shares of certain open-end mutual funds, managed by Fidelity Management & Research Company or its affiliates (the "Cash Management Funds") owned by a Fund in, and each Fund hereby approves use of: (a) The Depository Trust & Clearing Corporation; (b) any other clearing agency registered with the Portfolios pursuant to an exemptive order granted by the Securities and Exchange Commission (“"SEC”") under section 17A on October 16, 1996, as the same may be amended from time to time, in book entry form directly with the transfer agent or a designated sub-transfer agent of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934each such Cash Management Fund ("Cash Management Fund Transfer Agent"), which acts as a securities depository; subject to and (c) a Federal Reserve Bank or other entity authorized to operate the federal book-entry system described in the regulations of the Department of the Treasury or book-entry systems operated pursuant to comparable regulations of other federal agencies. Upon the receipt of Special Instructions, the Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a Fund in any other domestic clearing agency that may otherwise be authorized by the SEC to serve in the capacity of depository or clearing agent for the Securities or other assets of investment companies and that acts as a Securities depository. Each of the foregoing shall be referred to in this Agreement as a "Securities System", and all such Securities Systems shall be listed on the attached Appendix A. Use of a Securities System shall be in accordance with applicable Federal Reserve Board and SEC rules and regulations, if any, and subject to the following provisions: (i) The Custodian may deposit Such Cash Management Fund shares shall be maintained in separate custodian accounts for each such Portfolio in the Securities directly Custodian's name or through one or more agents or Subcustodians which are also qualified to act nominee, as custodians custodian for investment companiessuch Portfolio. (ii) Securities held in a Securities System shall be subject to any agreements or rules effective between The Custodian will implement appropriate control procedures (the Securities System and the Custodian or a Subcustodian, as the case may be. (iii) Any Securities deposited or maintained in a Securities System shall be held in an account ("AccountControl Procedures") to ensure that (A) that only authorized personnel of the Custodian will be authorized to give instructions to a Cash Management Fund Transfer Agent in connection with a Portfolio's purchase or sale of Cash Management Fund shares, (B) trade instructions sent to a Subcustodian in the Securities System that includes only assets held Cash Management Fund Transfer Agent are properly acknowledged by the Custodian or a Subcustodian as a custodian or otherwise for customers. (iv) The books and records of the Custodian shall at all times identify those Securities belonging to any one or more Funds which are maintained in a Securities System. (v) The Custodian shall pay for Securities purchased for the account of a Cash Management Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that such Securities have been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities SystemTransfer Agent, and (bC) the making of an entry on the Cash Management Fund Transfer Agent's records of the Custodian to reflect such payment and transfer for the account of such Fund. The Custodian shall transfer Securities sold for the account of a each Portfolio's daily trade activity in Cash Management Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that payment for such Securities has been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance shares are properly reconciled with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such transfer and payment for the account of such Fund. Copies of all advices from the Securities System relating to transfers of Securities for the account of a Fund shall be maintained for such Fund by the Custodian. Such copies may be maintained by the Custodian in electronic form. The Custodian shall make available to the Fund or its agent on the next business day, by Electronic Communication, facsimile, or other means reasonably acceptable to both parties, daily transaction activity that shall include each day’s transactions for the account of such Fund's records. (vi) The Custodian shall, if requested by a Fund pursuant to Instructions, provide such Fund with reports obtained by the Custodian or any Subcustodian with respect to a Securities System's accounting system, internal accounting control and procedures for safeguarding Securities deposited in the Securities System.

Manner of Holding Securities. (1) The Custodian shall at all times hold Securities of each the Fund either: (i) by physical possession of the share certificates or other instruments representing such Securities, in registered or bearer form; in the vault of the Custodian, Domestic Subcustodian, a Special Custodian, depository or agent of the Custodian; or in an account maintained by the Custodian or agent at a Securities System (as hereinafter defined); or (ii) in book-entry form by a Securities System in accordance with the provisions of sub-paragraph (3) below. (2) The Custodian may hold registrable portfolio Securities which have been delivered to it in physical form, by registering the same in the name of the appropriate Fund or its nominee, or in the name of the Custodian or its nominee, for whose actions such the Fund and Custodian, respectively, shall be fully responsible. Upon the receipt of Instructions, the Custodian shall hold such Securities in street certificate form, so called, with or without any indication of representative capacity. However, unless it receives Instructions to the contrary, the Custodian will register all such portfolio Securities in the name of the Custodian's authorized nominee. All such Securities shall be held in an account of the Custodian containing only assets of the appropriate Fund or only assets held by the Custodian for the benefit of customers, provided that the records of the Custodian shall indicate at all times the Fund or other customer for which such Securities are held in such accounts and the respective interests therein. (3) The Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a the Fund in, and each the Fund hereby approves use of: (a) The Depository Trust & Clearing Corporation; (b) any other clearing agency registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) under section 17A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, which acts as a securities depository; and (c) a Federal Reserve Bank or other entity authorized to operate the federal book-entry system described in the regulations of the Department of the Treasury or book-entry systems operated pursuant to comparable regulations of other federal agencies. Upon the receipt of Special Instructions, the Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a the Fund in any other domestic clearing agency that may otherwise be authorized by the SEC to serve in the capacity of depository or clearing agent for the Securities or other assets of investment companies and that acts as a Securities depository. Each of the foregoing shall be referred to in this Agreement as a "Securities System", and all such Securities Systems shall be listed on the attached Appendix A. Use of a Securities System shall be in accordance with applicable Federal Reserve Board and SEC rules and regulations, if any, and subject to the following provisions: (i) The Custodian may deposit the Securities directly or through one or more agents or Subcustodians which are also qualified to act as custodians for investment companies. (ii) Securities held in a Securities System shall be subject to any agreements or rules effective between the Securities System and the Custodian or a Subcustodian, as the case may be. (iii) Any Securities deposited or maintained in a Securities System shall be held in an account ("Account") of the Custodian or a Subcustodian in the Securities System that includes only assets held by the Custodian or a Subcustodian as a custodian or otherwise for customers. (iv) The books and records of the Custodian shall at all times identify those Securities belonging to any one or more Funds the Fund which are maintained in a Securities System. (v) The Custodian shall pay for Securities purchased for the account of a the Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that such Securities have been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such payment and transfer for the account of such the Fund. The Custodian shall transfer Securities sold for the account of a the Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that payment for such Securities has been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such transfer and payment for the account of such the Fund. Copies of all advices from the Securities System relating to transfers of Securities for the account of a the Fund shall be maintained for such the Fund by the Custodian. Such copies may be maintained by the Custodian in electronic form. The Custodian shall make available to the Fund or its agent on the next business day, by Electronic Communication, facsimile, or other means reasonably acceptable to both parties, daily transaction activity that shall include each day’s transactions for the account of such the Fund. (vi) The Custodian shall, if requested by a the Fund pursuant to Instructions, provide such the Fund with reports obtained by the Custodian or any Subcustodian with respect to a Securities System's accounting system, internal accounting control and procedures for safeguarding Securities deposited in the Securities System.

Manner of Holding Securities. (1) The Custodian shall at all times hold Securities of each the Fund either: (i) by physical possession of the share certificates or other instruments representing such Securities, Securities in registered or bearer form; in the vault of the Custodian, Domestic Subcustodian, a Special Custodian, depository or agent of the Custodian; or in an account maintained by the Custodian or agent at a Securities System (as hereinafter defined); or (ii) in book-entry form by a Securities System (as hereinafter defined) in accordance with the provisions of sub-paragraph (3) below. (2) The Custodian may hold registrable portfolio Securities which have been delivered to it in physical form, by registering the same in the name of the appropriate Fund or its nominee, or in the name of the Custodian or its nominee, for whose actions such the Fund and Custodian, respectively, shall be fully responsible. Upon the receipt of Instructions, the Custodian shall hold such Securities in street certificate form, so called, with or without any indication of representative fiduciary capacity. However, unless it receives Instructions to the contrary, the Custodian will register all such portfolio Securities in the name of the Custodian's authorized nominee. All such Securities shall be held in an account of the Custodian containing only assets of the appropriate Fund or only assets held by the Custodian for the benefit of customersas a fiduciary, provided that the records of the Custodian shall indicate at all times the Fund or other customer for which such Securities are held in such accounts and the respective interests therein. (3) The Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a the Fund in, and each the Fund hereby approves use of: (a) The Depository Trust & Clearing Corporation; Company; (b) any other clearing agency registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) under section 17A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, which acts as a securities depositoryThe Participants Trust Company; and (c) a Federal Reserve Bank or other entity authorized to operate the federal any book-entry system described as provided in (i) Subpart O of Treasury Circular No. 300, 31 CFR 306.115, (ii) Subxxxx X xx Xxxxxury Circular Public Debt Series No. 27-76, 31 CFR 350.2, or (iii) xxx xxxx-xxxxx xegulations of federal agencies substantially in the regulations form of the Department of the Treasury or book-entry systems operated pursuant to comparable regulations of other federal agencies31 CFR 306.115. Upon the receipt of Special Instructions, the Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a the Fund in any other domestic clearing agency that registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") under Section 17A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (or as may otherwise be authorized by the SEC to serve in the capacity of depository or clearing agent for the Securities or other assets of investment companies and that companies) which acts as a Securities depository. Each of the foregoing shall be referred to in this Agreement as a "Securities Systemsystem", and all such Securities Systems shall be listed on the attached Appendix A. Use of a Securities System shall be in accordance with applicable Federal Reserve Board and SEC rules and regulations, if any, and subject to the following provisions: (i) The Custodian may deposit the Securities directly or through one or more agents or Subcustodians which are also qualified to act as custodians for investment companies. (ii) The Custodian shall deposit and/or maintain the Securities held in a Securities System shall be subject to any agreements or rules effective between the System, provided that such Securities System and the Custodian or a Subcustodian, as the case may be. (iii) Any Securities deposited or maintained in a Securities System shall be held are represented in an account ("Account") of the Custodian or a Subcustodian in the Securities System that includes only assets held by the Custodian or a Subcustodian as a fiduciary, custodian or otherwise for customers. (iviii) The books and records of the Custodian shall at all times identify those Securities belonging to any one or more Funds the Fund which are maintained in a Securities System. (viv) The Custodian shall pay for Securities purchased for the account of a the Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that such Securities have been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such payment and transfer for the account of such the Fund. The Custodian shall transfer Securities sold for the account of a the Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that payment for such Securities has been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such transfer and payment for the account of such the Fund. Copies of all advices from the Securities System relating to transfers of Securities for the account of a the Fund shall be maintained for such the Fund by the Custodian. Such copies may be maintained by the Custodian in electronic form. The Custodian shall make available deliver to the Fund on the next succeeding business day daily transaction reports which shall include each day's transactions in the Securities System for the account of the Fund. Such transaction reports shall be delivered to the Fund or its any agent on designated by the next business dayFund pursuant to Instructions, by Electronic Communication, facsimile, computer or in such other means reasonably acceptable to both parties, daily transaction activity that shall include each day’s transactions for manner as the account of such FundFund and Custodian may agree. (viv) The Custodian shall, if requested by a the Fund pursuant to Instructions, provide such the Fund with reports obtained by the Custodian or any Subcustodian with respect to a Securities System's accounting system, internal accounting control and procedures for safeguarding Securities deposited in the Securities System. (vi) Upon receipt of Special Instructions, the Custodian shall terminate the use of any Securities System on behalf of the Fund as promptly as practicable and shall take all actions reasonably practicable to safeguard the Securities of the Fund maintained with such Securities System.

Manner of Holding Securities. (1) The Custodian shall at all times hold Securities of each Fund either: (i) by physical possession of the share certificates or other instruments representing such Securities, in registered or bearer form; in the vault of the Custodian, Domestic Subcustodian, a Special Custodian, depository or agent of the Custodian; or in an account maintained by the Custodian or agent at a Securities System (as hereinafter defined); or (ii) in book-entry form by a Securities System in accordance with the provisions of sub-paragraph (3) below. (2) The Custodian may hold registrable portfolio Securities which have been delivered to it in physical form, by registering the same in the name of the appropriate Fund or its nominee, or in the name of the Custodian or its nominee, for whose actions such Fund and Custodian, respectively, shall be fully responsible. Upon the receipt of Instructions, the Custodian shall hold such Securities in street certificate form, so called, with or without any indication of representative capacity. However, unless it receives Instructions to the contrary, the Custodian will register all such portfolio Securities in the name of the Custodian's ’s authorized nominee. All such Securities shall be held in an account of the Custodian containing only assets of the appropriate Fund or only assets held by the Custodian for the benefit of customers, provided that the records of the Custodian shall indicate at all times the Fund or other customer for which such Securities are held in such accounts and the respective interests therein. (3) The Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a Fund in, and each Fund hereby approves use of: (a) The Depository Trust & Clearing Corporation; (b) any other clearing agency registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) under section 17A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, which acts as a securities depository; and (c) a Federal Reserve Bank or other entity authorized to operate the federal book-entry system described in the regulations of the Department of the Treasury or book-entry systems operated pursuant to comparable regulations of other federal agencies. Upon the receipt of Special Instructions, the Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a Fund in any other domestic clearing agency that may otherwise be authorized by the SEC to serve in the capacity of depository or clearing agent for the Securities or other assets of investment companies and that acts as a Securities depository. Each of the foregoing shall be referred to in this Agreement as a "Securities System", and all such Securities Systems shall be listed on the attached Appendix A. Use of a Securities System shall be in accordance with applicable Federal Reserve Board and SEC rules and regulations, if any, and subject to the following provisions: (i) The Custodian may deposit the Securities directly or through one or more agents or Subcustodians which are also qualified to act as custodians for investment companies. (ii) Securities held in a Securities System shall be subject to any agreements or rules effective between the Securities System and the Custodian or a Subcustodian, as the case may be. (iii) Any Securities deposited or maintained in a Securities System shall be held in an account ("Account") of the Custodian or a Subcustodian in the Securities System that includes only assets held by the Custodian or a Subcustodian as a custodian or otherwise for customers. (iv) The books and records of the Custodian shall at all times identify those Securities belonging to any one or more Funds which are maintained in a Securities System. (v) The Custodian shall pay for Securities purchased for the account of a Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that such Securities have been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such payment and transfer for the account of such Fund. The Custodian shall transfer Securities sold for the account of a Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that payment for such Securities has been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such transfer and payment for the account of such Fund. Copies of all advices from the Securities System relating to transfers of Securities for the account of a Fund shall be maintained for such Fund by the Custodian. Such copies may be maintained by the Custodian in electronic form. The Custodian shall make available to the Fund or its agent on the next business day, by Electronic Communication, facsimile, or other means reasonably acceptable to both parties, daily transaction activity that shall include each day’s transactions for the account of such Fund. (vi) The Custodian shall, if requested by a Fund pursuant to Instructions, provide such Fund with reports obtained by the Custodian or any Subcustodian with respect to a Securities System's ’s accounting system, internal accounting control and procedures for safeguarding Securities deposited in the Securities System.

Manner of Holding Securities. (1) The Custodian shall at all times hold Securities of each Fund either: (i) by physical possession of the share certificates or other instruments representing such Securities, Securities in registered or bearer form; in the vault of the Custodian, Domestic Subcustodian, a Special Custodian, depository or agent of the Custodian; or in an account maintained by the Custodian or agent at a Securities System (as hereinafter defined); or (ii) in book-entry form by a Securities System (as hereinafter defined) in accordance with the provisions of sub-paragraph (3) below. (2) The Custodian may hold registrable portfolio Securities which have been delivered to it in physical form, by registering the same in the name of the appropriate Fund or its nominee, or in the name of the Custodian or its nominee, for whose actions such Fund and Custodian, respectively, shall be fully responsible. Upon the receipt of Instructions, the Custodian shall hold such Securities in street certificate form, so called, with or without any indication of representative fiduciary capacity. However, unless it receives Instructions to the contrary, the Custodian will register all such portfolio Securities in the name of the Custodian's ’s authorized nominee. All such Securities shall be held in an account of the Custodian containing only assets of the appropriate Fund or only assets held by the Custodian for the benefit of customersas a fiduciary, provided that the records of the Custodian shall indicate at all times the Fund or other customer for which such Securities are held in such accounts and the respective interests therein. (3) The Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a Fund in, and each Fund hereby approves use of: (a) The Depository Trust & Clearing CorporationCompany; and (b) any other clearing agency registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) under section 17A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, which acts as a securities depository; and (c) a Federal Reserve Bank or other entity authorized to operate the federal book-entry system described as provided in (i) Subpart O of Treasury Circular Xx. 000, 00 XXX 306.115, (ii) Subpart B of Treasury Circular Public Debt Series Xx. 00-00, 00 XXX 350.2, or (iii) the regulations of the Department of the Treasury or book-entry systems operated pursuant to comparable regulations of other federal agenciesagencies substantially in the form of 31 CFR 306.115. Upon the receipt of Special Instructions, the Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a Fund in any other domestic clearing agency that registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) under Section 17A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (or as may otherwise be authorized by the SEC to serve in the capacity of depository or clearing agent for the Securities or other assets of investment companies and that companies) which acts as a Securities depository. Each of the foregoing shall be referred to in this Agreement as a "“Securities System"”, and all such Securities Systems shall be listed on the attached Appendix A. Use of a Securities System shall be in accordance with applicable Federal Reserve Board and SEC rules and regulations, if any, and subject to the following provisions: (i) The Custodian may deposit the Securities directly or through one or more agents or Subcustodians which are also qualified to act as custodians for investment companies. (ii) The Custodian shall deposit and/or maintain the Securities held in a Securities System shall be subject to any agreements or rules effective between the System, provided that such Securities System and the Custodian or a Subcustodian, as the case may be. (iii) Any Securities deposited or maintained in a Securities System shall be held are represented in an account ("“Account"”) of the Custodian or a Subcustodian in the Securities System that includes only assets held by the Custodian or a Subcustodian as a fiduciary, custodian or otherwise for customers. (iviii) The books and records of the Custodian shall at all times identify those Securities belonging to any one or more Funds which are maintained in a Securities System. (viv) The Custodian shall pay for Securities purchased for the account of a Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that such Securities have been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such payment and transfer for the account of such Fund. The Custodian shall transfer Securities sold for the account of a Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that payment for such Securities has been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such transfer and payment for the account of such Fund. Copies of all advices from the Securities System relating to transfers of Securities for the account of a Fund shall be maintained for such Fund by the Custodian. Such copies may be maintained by the Custodian in electronic form. The Custodian shall make available deliver to the a Fund or its agent on the next succeeding business day, by Electronic Communication, facsimile, or other means reasonably acceptable to both parties, day daily transaction activity reports that shall include each day’s transactions in the Securities System for the account of such Fund. Such transaction reports shall be delivered to such Fund or any agent designated by such Fund pursuant to Instructions, by computer or in such other manner as such Fund and Custodian may agree. (viv) The Custodian shall, if requested by a Fund pursuant to Instructions, provide such Fund with reports obtained by the Custodian or any Subcustodian with respect to a Securities System's ’s accounting system, internal accounting control and procedures for safeguarding Securities deposited in the Securities System. (vi) Upon receipt of Special Instructions, the Custodian shall terminate the use of any Securities System on behalf of a Fund as promptly as practicable and shall take all actions reasonably practicable to safeguard the Securities of such Fund maintained with such Securities System.

Manner of Holding Securities. (1) The Custodian shall at all times hold Securities of each Fund either: (i) by physical possession of the share certificates or other instruments representing such Securities, in registered or bearer form; in the vault of the Custodian, Domestic Subcustodian, a Special Custodian, depository or agent of the Custodian; or in an account maintained by the Custodian or agent at a Securities System (as hereinafter defined); or (ii) in book-entry book‑entry form by a Securities System in accordance with the provisions of sub-paragraph sub‑paragraph (3) below. (2) The Custodian may hold registrable portfolio Securities which have been delivered to it in physical form, by registering the same in the name of the appropriate Fund or its nominee, or in the name of the Custodian or its nominee, for whose actions such Fund and Custodian, respectively, shall be fully responsible. Upon the receipt of Instructions, the Custodian shall hold such Securities in street certificate form, so called, with or without any indication of representative capacity. However, unless it receives Instructions to the contrary, the Custodian will register all such portfolio Securities in the name of the Custodian's authorized nominee. All such Securities shall be held in an account of the Custodian containing only assets of the appropriate Fund or only assets held by the Custodian for the benefit of customers, provided that the records of the Custodian shall indicate at all times the Fund or other customer for which such Securities are held in such accounts and the respective interests therein. (3) The Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a Fund in, and each Fund hereby approves use of: (a) The Depository Trust & Clearing Corporation; (b) any other clearing agency registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) under section 17A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, which acts as a securities depository; and (c) a Federal Reserve Bank or other entity authorized to operate the federal book-entry system described in the regulations of the Department of the Treasury or book-entry systems operated pursuant to comparable regulations of other federal agencies. Upon the receipt of Special Instructions, the Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a Fund in any other domestic clearing agency that may otherwise be authorized by the SEC to serve in the capacity of depository or clearing agent for the Securities or other assets of investment companies and that acts as a Securities depository. Each of the foregoing shall be referred to in this Agreement as a "Securities System", and all such Securities Systems shall be listed on the attached Appendix A. Use of a Securities System shall be in accordance with applicable Federal Reserve Board and SEC rules and regulations, if any, and subject to the following provisions: (i) The Custodian may deposit the Securities directly or through one or more agents or Subcustodians which are also qualified to act as custodians for investment companies. (ii) Securities held in a Securities System shall be subject to any agreements or rules effective between the Securities System and the Custodian or a Subcustodian, as the case may be. (iii) Any Securities deposited or maintained in a Securities System shall be held in an account ("Account") of the Custodian or a Subcustodian in the Securities System that includes only assets held by the Custodian or a Subcustodian as a custodian or otherwise for customers. (iv) The books and records of the Custodian shall at all times identify those Securities belonging to any one or more Funds which are maintained in a Securities System. (v) The Custodian shall pay for Securities purchased for the account of a Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that such Securities have been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such payment and transfer for the account of such Fund. The Custodian shall transfer Securities sold for the account of a Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that payment for such Securities has been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such transfer and payment for the account of such Fund. Copies of all advices from the Securities System relating to transfers of Securities for the account of a Fund shall be maintained for such Fund by the Custodian. Such copies may be maintained by the Custodian in electronic form. The Custodian shall make available to the Fund or its agent on the next business day, by Electronic Communication, facsimile, or other means reasonably acceptable to both parties, daily transaction activity that shall include each day’s transactions for the account of such Fund. (vi) The Custodian shall, if requested by a Fund pursuant to Instructions, provide such Fund with reports obtained by the Custodian or any Subcustodian with respect to a Securities System's accounting system, internal accounting control and procedures for safeguarding Securities deposited in the Securities System. (vii) The Custodian otherwise complies with the requirements of Rule 17f-4 under the Investment Company Act.

Manner of Holding Securities. (1) The Custodian shall at all times hold Securities of each the Fund either: (i) by physical possession of the share certificates certificates, completed Subscription Agreements, or other instruments representing such Securities, in registered or bearer form; in the vault of the Custodian, Domestic Subcustodian, a Special Custodian, depository or agent of the Custodian; or in an account maintained by the Custodian or agent at a Securities System (as hereinafter defined); or (ii) in book-entry form by a Securities System in accordance with the provisions of sub-paragraph (3) below. (2) The Custodian may hold registrable portfolio Securities which have been delivered to it in physical form, by registering the same in the name of the appropriate Fund or its nominee, or in the name of the Custodian or its nominee, for whose actions such Fund and Custodian, respectively, shall be fully responsible. Upon the receipt of Instructions, the Custodian shall hold such Securities in street certificate form, so called, with or without any indication of representative capacity. However, unless it receives Instructions to the contrary, the Custodian will register all such portfolio Securities in the name of the Custodian's authorized nominee. All such Securities shall be held in an account of the Custodian containing only assets of the appropriate Fund or only assets held by the Custodian for the benefit of customers, provided that the records of the Custodian shall indicate at all times the Fund or other customer for which such Securities are held in such accounts and the respective interests therein. (3) The Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a Fund in, and each the Fund hereby approves use of: (a) The Depository Trust & Clearing Corporation; (b) any other clearing agency registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) under section 17A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, which acts as a securities depository; and (c) a Federal Reserve Bank or other entity authorized to operate the federal book-entry system described in the regulations of the Department of the Treasury or book-entry systems operated pursuant to comparable regulations of other federal agencies. Upon the receipt of Special Instructions, the Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a Fund in any other domestic clearing agency that may otherwise be authorized by the SEC to serve in the capacity of depository or clearing agent for the Securities or other assets of investment companies and that acts as a Securities depository. Each of the foregoing shall be referred to in this Agreement as a "Securities System", and all such Securities Systems shall be listed on the attached Appendix A. Use of a Securities System shall be in accordance with applicable Federal Reserve Board and SEC rules and regulations, if any, and subject to the following provisions: (i) The Custodian may deposit the Securities directly or through one or more agents or Subcustodians which are also qualified to act as custodians for investment companies. (ii) Securities held in a Securities System shall be subject to any agreements or rules effective between the Securities System and the Custodian or a Subcustodian, as the case may be. (iii) Any Securities deposited or maintained in a Securities System shall be held in an account ("Account") of the Custodian or a Subcustodian in the Securities System that includes only assets held by the Custodian or a Subcustodian as a custodian or otherwise for customers. (iv) The books and records of the Custodian shall at all times identify those Securities belonging to any one or more Funds the Fund which are maintained in a Securities System. (v) The Custodian shall pay for Securities purchased for the account of a Fund only upon (aA) receipt of advice from the Securities System that such Securities have been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (bB) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such payment and transfer for the account of such Fund. . (vi) The Custodian shall transfer Securities sold for the account of a Fund only upon (aA) receipt of advice from the Securities System that payment for such Securities has been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (bB) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such transfer and payment for the account of such Fund. Copies of all advices from the Securities System relating to transfers of Securities for the account of a Fund shall be maintained for such Fund by the Custodian. Such copies may be maintained by the Custodian in electronic form. The Custodian shall make available to the Fund or its agent on the next business day, by Electronic Communication, facsimile, or other means reasonably acceptable to both parties, daily transaction activity that shall include each day’s transactions for the account of such Fund. (vivii) The Custodian shall, if requested by a Fund pursuant to Instructions, provide such Fund with reports obtained by the Custodian or any Subcustodian with respect to a Securities System's accounting system, internal accounting control and procedures for safeguarding Securities deposited in the Securities System. (viii) The Custodian otherwise complies with the requirements of Rule 17f-4 under the 1940 Act.

Manner of Holding Securities. (1a) The Custodian shall at all times hold Securities securities of each Fund either: or Series (i) by physical possession of the share certificates or other instruments representing such Securities, securities in registered or bearer form; in the vault of the Custodian, Domestic Subcustodian, a Special Custodian, depository or agent of the Custodian; or in an account maintained by the Custodian or agent at a Securities System (as hereinafter defined); form or (ii) in book-entry form by a Securities System System. In addition to the forgoing custody services, Custodian shall also (x) reflect holdings of the Fund or Series in accordance memo postings to the Account based on information provided to the Custodian by a transfer agent or registrar of another investment company (an “Underlying Transfer Agent”), or other representative of the Funds or Series; (y) provide safekeeping services with respect to Loans, by holding documents, certificates and other such instruments, including any schedule of payments (“Financing Documents”), as are delivered pursuant to the provisions terms and conditions of sub-paragraph Appendix F to this Agreement; and (3z) belowprovide safekeeping services with respect to sealed envelopes and other indicia of ownership pursuant to the Custodian’s standard terms and conditions as disclosed to and agreed upon by the Funds. For the avoidance of doubt, (A) an entity acting in the capacity of Underlying Transfer Agent is not an agent or Subcustodian of the Custodian for purposes of this Agreement, and (B) neither Custodian nor any Subcustodian shall be deemed to hold Financing Documents, sealed envelopes or other indicia of ownership in custody. (2b) Upon receipt of Proper Instructions, the Custodian shall open an Account in the name of each Fund or Series and shall hold registered securities of each Fund or Series (i) in the name or any nominee name of the Custodian, a Subcustodian or the Fund or Series, or (ii) in street name. In carrying out the foregoing obligation, the Custodian shall, to the extent permitted by law and, where Custodian deems it advisable based upon any legal advice Custodian has obtained with respect to a particular market and upon other factors the Custodian deems appropriate, hold registered securities of each Fund or Series in such other manner as Custodian deems necessary and appropriate for that market; and provided further that the Custodian shall, on an ongoing basis, provide information that, to the Custodian’s knowledge, is timely and accurate to a Fund and such other persons as a Fund may designate with respect to the registration status of each Fund’s securities, and an accurate record of securities held by each Fund and such Fund’s respective interest therein. (c) The Custodian may hold registrable portfolio Securities which have been delivered to it in physical formProperty for all of its customers, by registering the same in the name of the appropriate including a Fund or its nominee, or in the name of the Custodian or its nominee, for whose actions such Fund and Custodian, respectively, shall be fully responsible. Upon the receipt of Instructions, the Custodian shall hold such Securities in street certificate form, so calledSeries, with or without any indication of representative capacity. However, unless it receives Instructions to the contrary, the Custodian will register all such portfolio Securities in the name of the Custodian's authorized nominee. All such Securities shall be held Foreign Subcustodian in an account of the Custodian containing only assets of the appropriate Fund or only assets held by Account that is identified as belonging to the Custodian for the benefit of customersits customers or in a depository account, provided including an omnibus account, with an Eligible Securities Depository; provided, however, that (i) the records of the Custodian shall indicate at all times the with respect to Property of any Fund or other customer for which such Securities Series that are held maintained in such accounts and Account or depository account shall identify such Property as belonging to the respective interests therein. (3) The Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a applicable Fund in, and each Fund hereby approves use of: (a) The Depository Trust & Clearing Corporation; (b) any other clearing agency registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) under section 17A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, which acts as a securities depository; or Series and (cii) a Federal Reserve Bank or other entity authorized to operate the federal book-entry system described extent permitted and customary in the regulations of market in which the Department of the Treasury Account or book-entry systems operated pursuant to comparable regulations of other federal agencies. Upon the receipt of Special Instructionsdepository account is maintained, the Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned shall require that Property so held by a Fund in any other domestic clearing agency that may otherwise be authorized by the SEC to serve in the capacity of depository Foreign Subcustodian or clearing agent for the Eligible Securities or other assets of investment companies and that acts as a Securities depository. Each of the foregoing shall be referred to in this Agreement as a "Securities System", and all such Securities Systems shall be listed on the attached Appendix A. Use of a Securities System shall be in accordance with applicable Federal Reserve Board and SEC rules and regulations, if any, and subject to the following provisions: (i) The Custodian may deposit the Securities directly or through one or more agents or Subcustodians which are also qualified to act as custodians for investment companies. (ii) Securities held in a Securities System shall be subject to any agreements or rules effective between the Securities System and the Custodian or a Subcustodian, as the case may be. (iii) Any Securities deposited or maintained in a Securities System shall Depository be held in an account ("Account") separately from any assets of the Custodian or a Subcustodian such Foreign Subcustodian. The Custodian reserves the right to refuse to accept delivery of Property in the Securities System that includes only assets held by the Custodian or a Subcustodian countries and jurisdictions other than those referred to in Schedule A this Agreement, as a custodian or otherwise for customersin effect from time to time. (iv) The books and records of the Custodian shall at all times identify those Securities belonging to any one or more Funds which are maintained in a Securities System. (vd) The Custodian shall pay for send or make available by electronic means to each Fund a written statement, advice or notification of any transfers of any Property of the Fund to or from an Account or an account at an Eligible Securities purchased for Depository (a “depository account”). Each such statement, advice or notification shall identify the account Property transferred and the entity that has custody of the Property. Unless a Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that such Securities have been transferred to the Account of provides the Custodian in accordance with a written exception or objection to any such statement, advice or notification within ninety (90) days of Fund’s receipt thereof, the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such payment and transfer for the account of such Fund. The Custodian shall transfer Securities sold for the account of a Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that payment for such Securities has been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such transfer and payment for the account of such Fund. Copies of all advices from the Securities System relating to transfers of Securities for the account of a Fund shall be maintained for deemed to have approved such Fund statement, advice or notification. To the extent permitted by law and the Custodian. Such copies may be maintained by terms of this Agreement, the Custodian in electronic form. The Custodian shall make available to the Fund or its agent on the next business day, by Electronic Communication, facsimile, or other means reasonably acceptable to both parties, daily transaction activity that shall include each day’s transactions not be liable for the account contents of any such statement, advice or notification that has been approved by a Fund. (vi) The Custodian shall, if requested by a Fund pursuant to Instructions, provide such Fund with reports obtained by the Custodian or any Subcustodian with respect to a Securities System's accounting system, internal accounting control and procedures for safeguarding Securities deposited in the Securities System.

Manner of Holding Securities. (1) The Custodian shall at all times hold Securities of each Fund either: (i) by physical possession of the share certificates or other instruments representing such Securities, Securities in registered or bearer form; in the vault of the Custodian, Domestic Subcustodian, a Special Custodian, depository or agent of the Custodian; or in an account maintained by the Custodian or agent at a Securities System (as hereinafter defined); or (ii) in book-entry form by a Securities System (as hereinafter defined) in accordance with the provisions of sub-paragraph (3) below. (2) The Custodian may hold registrable portfolio Securities which have been delivered to it in physical form, by registering the same in the name of the appropriate Fund or its nominee, or in the name of the Custodian or its nominee, for whose actions such Fund and Custodian, respectively, shall be fully responsible. Upon the receipt of Instructions, the Custodian shall hold such Securities in street certificate form, so called, with or without any indication of representative fiduciary capacity. However, unless it receives Instructions to the contrary, the Custodian will register all such portfolio Securities in the name of the Custodian's authorized nominee. All such Securities shall be held in an account of the Custodian containing only assets of the appropriate Fund or only assets held by the Custodian for the benefit of customersas a fiduciary, provided that the records of the Custodian shall indicate at all times the Fund or other customer for which such Securities are held in such accounts and the respective interests therein. (3) The Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a Fund in, and each Fund hereby approves use of: (a) The Depository Trust & Clearing CorporationCompany; and (b) any other clearing agency registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) under section 17A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, which acts as a securities depository; and (c) a Federal Reserve Bank or other entity authorized to operate the federal book-entry system described as provided in (i) Subpart O of Treasury Circular Xx. 000, 00 XXX 306.115, (ii) Subpart B of Treasury Circular Public Debt Series Xx. 00-00, 00 XXX 350.2, or (iii) the regulations of the Department of the Treasury or book-entry systems operated pursuant to comparable regulations of other federal agenciesagencies substantially in the form of 31 CFR 306.115. Upon the receipt of Special Instructions, the Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a Fund in any other domestic clearing agency that registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") under Section 17A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (or as may otherwise be authorized by the SEC to serve in the capacity of depository or clearing agent for the Securities or other assets of investment companies and that companies) which acts as a Securities depository. Each of the foregoing shall be referred to in this Agreement as a "Securities System", and all such Securities Systems shall be listed on the attached Appendix A. Use of a Securities System shall be in accordance with applicable Federal Reserve Board and SEC rules and regulations, if any, and subject to the following provisions: (i) The Custodian may deposit the Securities directly or through one or more agents or Subcustodians which are also qualified to act as custodians for investment companies. (ii) The Custodian shall deposit and/or maintain the Securities held in a Securities System shall be subject to any agreements or rules effective between the System, provided that such Securities System and the Custodian or a Subcustodian, as the case may be. (iii) Any Securities deposited or maintained in a Securities System shall be held are represented in an account ("Account") of the Custodian or a Subcustodian in the Securities System that includes only assets held by the Custodian or a Subcustodian as a fiduciary, custodian or otherwise for customers. (iviii) The books and records of the Custodian shall at all times identify those Securities belonging to any one or more Funds which are maintained in a Securities System. (viv) The Custodian shall pay for Securities purchased for the account of a Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that such Securities have been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such payment and transfer for the account of such Fund. The Custodian shall transfer Securities sold for the account of a Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that payment for such Securities has been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such transfer and payment for the account of such Fund. Copies of all advices from the Securities System relating to transfers of Securities for the account of a Fund shall be maintained for such Fund by the Custodian. Such copies may be maintained by the Custodian in electronic form. The Custodian shall make available deliver to the a Fund or its agent on the next succeeding business day, by Electronic Communication, facsimile, or other means reasonably acceptable to both parties, day daily transaction activity reports that shall include each day’s 's transactions in the Securities System for the account of such Fund. Such transaction reports shall be delivered to such Fund or any agent designated by such Fund pursuant to Instructions, by computer or in such other manner as such Fund and Custodian may agree. (viv) The Custodian shall, if requested by a Fund pursuant to Instructions, provide such Fund with reports obtained by the Custodian or any Subcustodian with respect to a Securities System's accounting system, internal accounting control and procedures for safeguarding Securities deposited in the Securities System. (vi) Upon receipt of Special Instructions, the Custodian shall terminate the use of any Securities System on behalf of a Fund as promptly as practicable and shall take all actions reasonably practicable to safeguard the Securities of such Fund maintained with such Securities System.

Manner of Holding Securities. (1) The Custodian shall at all times hold Securities of each Fund either: : (iA) by physical possession of the share certificates or other instruments representing such Securities, Securities (in registered or bearer form; ): (i) in the vault of the Custodian, Domestic Subcustodian, a Special Custodian, depository depository, or agent of the Custodian; or (ii) in an account maintained by the Custodian or agent at a Securities System (as hereinafter defined); or or (iiB) in book-entry form by a Securities System in accordance with the provisions of sub-paragraph (3) below. (2) The Custodian may hold registrable portfolio Securities (which have been delivered to it in physical form, ) by registering the same in the name of the appropriate Fund (or its nominee, ) or in the name of the Custodian (or its nominee, ) for whose actions such Fund and Custodian, respectively, Party shall be fully responsible. Upon the receipt of Instructions, the Custodian shall hold such Securities in street certificate form, so called, with or without any indication of representative capacity. However, unless it receives Instructions to the contrary, the Custodian will register all such portfolio Securities in the name of the CustodianXxxxxxxxx's authorized nominee. All such Securities shall be held in an account of the Custodian containing only assets of the appropriate Fund or only assets held by the Custodian for the benefit of customers, ; provided that the records of the Custodian shall indicate at all times the Fund or other customer for which such Securities are held in such accounts and the respective interests therein. (3) The Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a Fund in, in (and each the Fund hereby approves use of: ): (aA) The Depository Trust & Clearing Corporation; (bB) any other clearing agency registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) under section 17A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, which acts as a securities depository; and (cC) a Federal Reserve Bank or other entity authorized to operate the federal book-entry system described in the regulations of the Department of the Treasury or book-entry systems operated pursuant to comparable regulations of other federal agencies. Upon the receipt of Special Instructions, the Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a Fund in any other domestic clearing agency that may otherwise be authorized by the SEC to serve in the capacity of depository or clearing agent for the Securities or other assets of investment companies and that acts as a Securities depository. Each of the foregoing shall be referred to in this Agreement as a "“Securities System"”, and all such Securities Systems shall be listed on the attached Appendix A. Use of a Securities System shall be in accordance with applicable Federal Reserve Board and SEC rules and regulations, if any, and subject to the following provisions: (i) The Custodian may deposit the Securities directly or through one or more agents or Subcustodians which are also qualified to act as custodians for investment companies. (ii) Securities held in a Securities System shall be subject to any agreements or rules effective between the Securities System and the Custodian or a Subcustodian, as the case may be. (iii) Any Securities deposited or maintained in a Securities System shall be held in an account ("“Account"”) of the Custodian or a Subcustodian in the Securities System that includes only assets held by the Custodian or a Subcustodian as a custodian or otherwise for customers. (iv) The books and records of the Custodian shall at all times identify those Securities belonging to any one or more Funds the Fund which are maintained in a Securities System. (v) The Custodian shall pay for Securities purchased for the account of a Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that such Securities have been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, System and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such payment and transfer for the account of such Fund. The Custodian shall transfer Securities sold for the account of a Fund only upon (ay) receipt of advice from the Securities System that payment for such Securities has been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, System and (bz) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such transfer and payment for the account of such Fund. Copies of all advices from the Securities System relating to transfers of Securities for the account of a Fund shall be maintained for such Fund by the Custodian. Such copies may be maintained by the Custodian in electronic form. The Custodian shall make available to the each Fund or its agent on the next business day, day (by Electronic Communication, facsimile, or other means reasonably acceptable to both parties, Parties) daily transaction activity that shall include each day’s transactions for the account of such Fund. (vi) The Custodian shall, if requested by a Fund pursuant to Instructions, provide such Fund with reports obtained by the Custodian or any Subcustodian with respect to a Securities System's accounting system, internal accounting control control, and procedures for safeguarding Securities deposited in the Securities System.

Manner of Holding Securities. (1) The Custodian shall at all times hold Securities of each Fund either: (i) by physical possession of the share certificates or other instruments representing such Securities, in registered or bearer form; in the vault of the Custodian, Domestic Subcustodian, a Special Custodian, depository or agent of the Custodian; or in an account maintained by the Custodian or agent at a Securities System (as hereinafter defined); or (ii) in book-entry form by a Securities System in accordance with the provisions of sub-paragraph (3) below. (2) The Custodian may hold registrable portfolio Securities which have been delivered to it in physical form, by registering the same in the name of the appropriate Fund or its nominee, or in the name of the Custodian or its nominee, for whose actions such Fund and Custodian, respectively, shall be fully responsible. Upon the receipt of Instructions, the Custodian shall hold such Securities in street certificate form, so called, with or without any indication of representative capacity. However, unless it receives Instructions to the contrary, the Custodian will register all such portfolio Securities in the name of the Custodian's authorized nominee. All such Securities shall be held in an account of the Custodian containing only assets of the appropriate Fund or only assets held by the Custodian for the benefit of customers, provided that the records of the Custodian shall indicate at all times the Fund or other customer for which such Securities are held in such accounts and the respective interests therein. (3) The Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a Fund in, and each Fund hereby approves use of: (a) The Depository Trust & Clearing Corporation; (b) any other clearing agency registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) under section Section 17A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, which acts as a securities depository; and (c) a Federal Reserve Bank or other entity authorized to operate the federal book-entry system described in the regulations of the U.S. Department of the Treasury or book-entry systems operated pursuant to comparable regulations of other federal agencies. Upon the receipt of Special Instructions, the Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a Fund in any other domestic clearing agency that may otherwise be authorized by the SEC to serve in the capacity of depository or clearing agent for the Securities or other assets of investment companies and that acts as a Securities depository. Each of the foregoing shall be referred to in this Agreement as a "Securities System", ," and all such Securities Systems shall be listed on the attached Appendix A. A hereto. Use of a Securities System shall be in accordance with applicable Federal Reserve Board and SEC rules and regulations, if any, and subject to the following provisions: (i) The Custodian may deposit the Securities directly or through one or more agents or Subcustodians which are also qualified to act as custodians for investment companies. (ii) Securities held in a Securities System shall be subject to any agreements or rules effective between the Securities System and the Custodian or a Subcustodian, as the case may be. (iii) Any Securities deposited or maintained in a Securities System shall be held in an account ("Account") of the Custodian or a Subcustodian in the Securities System that includes only assets held by the Custodian or a Subcustodian as a custodian or otherwise for customers. (iv) The books and records of the Custodian shall at all times identify those Securities belonging to any one or more Funds which are maintained in a Securities System. (v) The Custodian shall pay for Securities purchased for the account of a Fund only upon upon: (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that such Securities have been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such payment and transfer for the account of such Fund. The Custodian shall transfer Securities sold for the account of a Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that payment for such Securities has been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such transfer and payment for the account of such Fund. Copies of all advices from the Securities System relating to transfers of Securities for the account of a Fund shall be maintained for such Fund by the Custodian. Such copies may be maintained by the Custodian in electronic form. The Custodian shall make available to the Fund or its agent on the next business day, by Electronic Communication, data file, facsimile, or other means reasonably acceptable to both parties, daily transaction activity that shall include each day’s transactions for the account of such Fund. (vi) The Custodian shall, if requested by a Fund pursuant to Instructions, provide such Fund with reports obtained by the Custodian or any Subcustodian with respect to a Securities System's accounting system, internal accounting control and procedures for safeguarding Securities deposited in the Securities System.

Manner of Holding Securities. (1) The Custodian shall at all times hold Securities of each Fund either: (i) by physical possession of the share certificates or other instruments representing such Securities, Securities in registered or bearer form; in the vault of the Custodian, Domestic Subcustodian, a Special Custodian, depository or agent of the Custodian; or in an account maintained by the Custodian or agent at a Securities System (as hereinafter defined); or (ii) in book-entry form by a Securities System (as hereinafter defined) in accordance with the provisions of sub-paragraph (3) below. (2) The Custodian may hold registrable portfolio Securities which have been delivered to it in physical form, by registering the same in the name of the appropriate Fund or its nominee, or in the name of the Custodian or its nominee, for whose actions such Fund and Custodian, respectively, shall be fully responsible. Upon the receipt of Instructions, the Custodian shall hold such Securities in street certificate form, so called, with or without any indication of representative fiduciary capacity. However, unless it receives Instructions to the contrary, the Custodian will register all such portfolio Securities in the name of the Custodian's authorized nominee. All such Securities shall be held in an account of the Custodian containing only assets of the appropriate Fund or only assets held by the Custodian for the benefit of customersas a fiduciary, provided that the records of the Custodian shall indicate at all times the Fund or other customer for which such Securities are held in such accounts and the respective interests therein. (3) The Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a Fund in, and each Fund hereby approves use of: (a) The Depository Trust & Clearing Corporation; Company; (b) any other clearing agency registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) under section 17A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, which acts as a securities depositoryThe Participants Trust Company; and (c) a Federal Reserve Bank or other entity authorized to operate the federal any book-entry system described as provided in (i) Subpart O of Treasury Circular No. 000, 00 XXX 000.115, (ii) Subpart B of Treasury Circular Public Debt Series No. 00-00, 00 XXX 000.2, or (iii) the regulations of the Department of the Treasury or book-entry systems operated pursuant to comparable regulations of other federal agenciesagencies substantially in the form of 31 CFR 306.115. Upon the receipt of Special Instructions, the Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a Fund in any other domestic clearing agency that registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") under Section 17A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (or as may otherwise be authorized by the SEC to serve in the capacity of depository or clearing agent for the Securities or other assets of investment companies and that companies) which acts as a Securities depository. Each of the foregoing shall be referred to in this Agreement as a "Securities System", and all such Securities Systems shall be listed on the attached Appendix A. Use of a Securities System shall be in accordance with applicable Federal Reserve Board and SEC rules and regulations, if any, and subject to the following provisions: (i) The Custodian may deposit the Securities directly or through one or more agents or Subcustodians which are also qualified to act as custodians for investment companies. (ii) The Custodian shall deposit and/or maintain the Securities held in a Securities System shall be subject to any agreements or rules effective between the System, provided that such Securities System and the Custodian or a Subcustodian, as the case may be. (iii) Any Securities deposited or maintained in a Securities System shall be held are represented in an account ("Account") of the Custodian or a Subcustodian in the Securities System that includes only assets held by the Custodian or a Subcustodian as a fiduciary, custodian or otherwise for customers. (iviii) The books and records of the Custodian shall at all times identify those Securities belonging to any one or more Funds which are maintained in a Securities System. (viv) The Custodian shall pay for Securities purchased for the account of a Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that such Securities have been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such payment and transfer for the account of such Fund. The Custodian shall transfer Securities sold for the account of a Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that payment for such Securities has been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such transfer and payment for the account of such Fund. Copies of all advices from the Securities System relating to transfers of Securities for the account of a Fund shall be maintained for such Fund by the Custodian. Such copies may be maintained by the Custodian in electronic form. The Custodian shall make available deliver to the a Fund or its agent on the next succeeding business day, by Electronic Communication, facsimile, or other means reasonably acceptable to both parties, day daily transaction activity reports that shall include each day’s 's transactions in the Securities System for the account of such Fund. Such transaction reports shall be delivered to such Fund or any agent designated by such Fund pursuant to Instructions, by computer or in such other manner as such Fund and Custodian may agree. (viv) The Custodian shall, if requested by a Fund pursuant to Instructions, provide such Fund with reports obtained by the Custodian or any Subcustodian with respect to a Securities System's accounting system, internal accounting control and procedures for safeguarding Securities deposited in the Securities System. (vi) Upon receipt of Special Instructions, the Custodian shall terminate the use of any Securities System on behalf of a Fund as promptly as practicable and shall take all actions reasonably practicable to safeguard the Securities of such Fund maintained with such Securities System.

Manner of Holding Securities. (1) The Custodian shall at all times hold Securities of each the Fund either: (i) by physical possession of the share certificates or other instruments representing such Securities, in registered or bearer form; in the vault of the Custodian, Domestic Subcustodian, a Special Custodian, depository or agent of the Custodian; or in an account maintained by the Custodian or agent at a Securities System (as hereinafter defined); or (ii) in book-entry form by a Securities System in accordance with the provisions of sub-paragraph (3) below. (2) The Custodian may hold registrable portfolio Securities which have been delivered to it in physical form, by registering the same in the name of the appropriate Fund or its nominee, or in the name of the Custodian or its nominee, for whose actions such the Fund and Custodian, respectively, shall be fully responsible. Upon the receipt of Instructions, the Custodian shall hold such Securities in street certificate form, so called, with or without any indication of representative capacity. However, unless it receives Instructions to the contrary, the Custodian will register all such portfolio Securities in the name of the Custodian's ’s authorized nominee. All such Securities shall be held in an account of the Custodian containing only assets of the appropriate Fund or only assets held by the Custodian for the benefit of customers, provided that the records of the Custodian shall indicate at all times the Fund or other customer for which such Securities are held in such accounts and the respective interests therein. (3) The Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a the Fund in, and each the Fund hereby approves use of: (a) The Depository Trust & Clearing Corporation; (b) any other clearing agency registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) under section 17A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, which acts as a securities depository; and (c) a Federal Reserve Bank or other entity authorized to operate the federal book-entry system described in the regulations of the Department of the Treasury or book-entry systems operated pursuant to comparable regulations of other federal agencies. Upon the receipt of Special Instructions, the Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a the Fund in any other domestic clearing agency that may otherwise be authorized by the SEC to serve in the capacity of depository or clearing agent for the Securities or other assets of investment companies and that acts as a Securities depository. Each of the foregoing shall be referred to in this Agreement as a "“Securities System"”, and all such Securities Systems shall be listed on the attached Appendix A. Use of a Securities System shall be in accordance with applicable Federal Reserve Board and SEC rules and regulations, if any, and subject to the following provisions: (i) The Custodian may deposit the Securities directly or through one or more agents or Subcustodians which are also qualified to act as custodians for investment companies. (ii) Securities held in a Securities System shall be subject to any agreements or rules effective between the Securities System and the Custodian or a Subcustodian, as the case may be. (iii) Any Securities deposited or maintained in a Securities System shall be held in an account ("“Account"”) of the Custodian or a Subcustodian in the Securities System that includes only assets held by the Custodian or a Subcustodian as a custodian or otherwise for customers. (iv) The books and records of the Custodian shall at all times identify those Securities belonging to any one or more Funds the Fund which are maintained in a Securities System. (v) The Custodian shall pay for Securities purchased for the account of a the Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that such Securities have been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such payment and transfer for the account of such the Fund. The Custodian shall transfer Securities sold for the account of a the Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that payment for such Securities has been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such transfer and payment for the account of such the Fund. Copies of all advices from the Securities System relating to transfers of Securities for the account of a the Fund shall be maintained for such the Fund by the Custodian. Such copies may be maintained by the Custodian in electronic form. The Custodian shall make available to the Fund or its agent on the next business day, by Electronic Communication, facsimile, or other means reasonably acceptable to both parties, daily transaction activity that shall include each day’s transactions for the account of such the Fund. (vi) The Custodian shall, if requested by a the Fund pursuant to Instructions, provide such the Fund with reports obtained by the Custodian or any Subcustodian with respect to a Securities System's ’s accounting system, internal accounting control and procedures for safeguarding Securities deposited in the Securities System.

Manner of Holding Securities. (1) The Custodian shall at all times hold Securities of each the Fund either: (i) by physical possession of the share certificates or other instruments representing such Securities, Securities in registered or bearer form; , and in either the Custodian's vault, the vault of an agent of the Custodian, Domestic Subcustodian, a Special Custodian, depository or agent of the Custodian; or in an account maintained by the Custodian or its agent at in a Securities System (as hereinafter defined); or (ii) in book-entry form by a Securities System (as hereinafter defined) in accordance with the provisions of sub-paragraph (3) below. (2) The Custodian may hold registrable portfolio Securities which have been delivered to it in physical form, by registering the same in the name of the appropriate Fund or its nominee, or in the name of the Custodian or its nominee, for whose actions such the Fund and Custodian, respectively, shall be fully responsible. Upon the receipt of Instructions, the Custodian shall hold such Securities in street certificate form, so called, with or without any indication of representative fiduciary capacity. However, unless it receives Instructions to the contrary, the Custodian will register all such portfolio Securities in the name of the Custodian's authorized nominee. All such Securities shall be held in an account of the Custodian containing only assets of the appropriate Fund or only assets held by the Custodian for the benefit of customersas a fiduciary, provided that the records of the Custodian shall indicate at all times the Fund or other customer for which such Securities are held in such accounts and the respective interests therein. (3) The Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a the Fund in, and each the Fund hereby approves use of: (a) The Depository Trust & Clearing CorporationCompany; (b) any other clearing agency registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“"SEC”") under section 17A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, 1934 which acts as a securities depository; and (c) a Federal Reserve Bank or other entity authorized to operate the federal any book-entry system described as provided in (i) Subpart O of Treasury Circular No. 300, 31 CFR part 306, subpart B of 31 CFR part 350, or (ii) thx xxxx-xxxxx xxgulations of federal agencies substantially in the regulations form of the Department of the Treasury or book-entry systems operated pursuant to comparable regulations of other federal agencies. subpart O. Upon the receipt of Special Instructions, the Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a the Fund in any other domestic clearing agency that may otherwise be authorized by the SEC to serve in the capacity of depository or clearing agent for the Securities or other assets of investment companies and that which acts as a Securities depository. Each of the foregoing shall be referred to in this Agreement as a "Securities System", and all such Securities Systems shall be listed on the attached Appendix A. Use of a Securities System shall be in accordance with applicable Federal Reserve Board and SEC rules and regulations, if any, and subject to the following provisions: (i) The Custodian may deposit the Securities directly or through one or more agents or Subcustodians which are also qualified to act as custodians for investment companiesSubcustodians. (ii) Securities held in a Securities System shall be subject to any agreements or rules effective between the Securities System and the Custodian or a Subcustodian, as the case may be. (iii) Any Securities deposited or maintained in a Securities System shall be held in an account ("Account") of the Custodian or a Subcustodian in the Securities System that includes only assets held by the Custodian or a Subcustodian as a fiduciary, custodian or otherwise for customers. (iv) The books and records of the Custodian shall at all times identify those Securities belonging to any one or more Funds the Fund which are maintained in a Securities System. (v) The Custodian shall pay for Securities purchased for the account of a the Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that such Securities have been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such payment and transfer for the account of such the Fund. The Custodian shall transfer Securities sold for the account of a the Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that payment for such Securities has been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such transfer and payment for the account of such the Fund. Copies of all advices from the Securities System relating to transfers of Securities for the account of a the Fund shall be maintained for such the Fund by the Custodian. Such copies may be maintained by the Custodian in electronic form. The Custodian shall make available deliver to the Fund on the next succeeding business day daily transaction reports which shall include each day's transactions in the Securities System for the account of the Fund. Such transaction reports shall be delivered to the Fund or its any agent on designated by the next business dayFund pursuant to Instructions, by Electronic Communication, facsimile, computer or in such other means reasonably acceptable to both parties, daily transaction activity that shall include each day’s transactions for manner as the account of such FundFund and Custodian may agree. (vi) The Custodian shall, if requested by a the Fund pursuant to Instructions, provide such the Fund with reports obtained by the Custodian or any Subcustodian with respect to a Securities System's accounting system, internal accounting control and procedures for safeguarding Securities deposited in the Securities System. (vii) Upon receipt of Special Instructions, the Custodian shall terminate the use of any Securities System on behalf of the Fund as promptly as practicable and shall take all actions reasonably practicable to safeguard the Securities of the Fund maintained with such Securities System.

Manner of Holding Securities. (1) The Custodian shall at all times hold Securities of each the Fund either: (i) by physical possession of the share certificates or other instruments representing such Securities, Securities in registered or bearer form; , and in either the Custodian's vault, the vault of an agent of the Custodian, Domestic Subcustodian, a Special Custodian, depository or agent of the Custodian; or in an account maintained by the Custodian or its agent at in a Securities System (as hereinafter defined); or (ii) in book-entry form by a Securities System (as hereinafter defined) in accordance with the provisions of sub-paragraph (3) below. (2) The Custodian may hold registrable portfolio Securities which have been delivered to it in physical form, by registering the same in the name of the appropriate Fund or its nominee, or in the name of the Custodian or its nominee, for whose actions such the Fund and Custodian, respectively, shall be fully responsible. Upon the receipt of Instructions, the Custodian shall hold such Securities in street certificate form, so called, with or without any indication of representative fiduciary capacity. However, unless it receives Instructions to the contrary, the Custodian will register all such portfolio Securities in the name of the Custodian's authorized nominee. All such Securities shall be held in an account of the Custodian containing only assets of the appropriate Fund or only assets held by the Custodian for the benefit of customersas a fiduciary, provided that the records of the Custodian shall indicate at all times the Fund or other customer for which such Securities are held in such accounts and the respective interests therein. (3) The Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a the Fund in, and each the Fund hereby approves use of: (a) The Depository Trust & Clearing CorporationCompany; (b) any other clearing agency registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“"SEC”") under section 17A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, 1934 which acts as a securities depository; and (c) a Federal Reserve Bank or other entity authorized to operate the federal any book-entry system described as provided in (i) Subpart O of Treasury Circular No. 300, 31 CFR part 306, subpart B of 31 CFR part 350, or (ii) the xxxx-xxxxx xxxxlations of federal agencies substantially in the regulations form of the Department of the Treasury or book-entry systems operated pursuant to comparable regulations of other federal agencies. subpart O. Upon the receipt of Special Instructions, the Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a the Fund in any other domestic clearing agency that may otherwise be authorized by the SEC to serve in the capacity of depository or clearing agent for the Securities or other assets of investment companies and that which acts as a Securities depository. Each of the foregoing shall be referred to in this Agreement as a "Securities System", and all such Securities Systems shall be listed on the attached Appendix A. Use of a Securities System shall be in accordance with applicable Federal Reserve Board and SEC rules and regulations, if any, and subject to the following provisions: (i) The Custodian may deposit the Securities directly or through one or more agents or Subcustodians which are also qualified to act as custodians for investment companiesSubcustodians. (ii) Securities held in a Securities System shall be subject to any agreements or rules effective between the Securities System and the Custodian or a Subcustodian, as the case may be. (iii) Any Securities deposited or maintained in a Securities System shall be held in an account ("Account") of the Custodian or a Subcustodian in the Securities System that includes only assets held by the Custodian or a Subcustodian as a fiduciary, custodian or otherwise for customers. (iv) The books and records of the Custodian shall at all times identify those Securities belonging to any one or more Funds the Fund which are maintained in a Securities System. (v) The Custodian shall pay for Securities purchased for the account of a the Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that such Securities have been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such payment and transfer for the account of such the Fund. The Custodian shall transfer Securities sold for the account of a the Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that payment for such Securities has been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such transfer and payment for the account of such the Fund. Copies of all advices from the Securities System relating to transfers of Securities for the account of a the Fund shall be maintained for such the Fund by the Custodian. Such copies may be maintained by the Custodian in electronic form. The Custodian shall make available deliver to the Fund on the next succeeding business day daily transaction reports which shall include each day's transactions in the Securities System for the account of the Fund. Such transaction reports shall be delivered to the Fund or its any agent on designated by the next business dayFund pursuant to Instructions, by Electronic Communication, facsimile, computer or in such other means reasonably acceptable to both parties, daily transaction activity that shall include each day’s transactions for manner as the account of such FundFund and Custodian may agree. (vi) The Custodian shall, if requested by a the Fund pursuant to Instructions, provide such the Fund with reports obtained by the Custodian or any Subcustodian with respect to a Securities System's accounting system, internal accounting control and procedures for safeguarding Securities deposited in the Securities System. (vii) Upon receipt of Special Instructions, the Custodian shall terminate the use of any Securities System on behalf of the Fund as promptly as practicable and shall take all actions reasonably practicable to safeguard the Securities of the Fund maintained with such Securities System.

Manner of Holding Securities. (1) The Custodian shall at all times hold Securities of each Fund either: (i) by physical possession of the share certificates or other instruments representing such Securities, Securities in registered or bearer form; in the vault of the Custodian, Domestic Subcustodian, a Special Custodian, depository or agent of the Custodian; or in an account maintained by the Custodian or agent at a Securities System (as hereinafter defined); or (ii) in book-entry form by a Securities System (as hereinafter defined) in accordance with the provisions of sub-paragraph (3) below. (2) The Custodian may hold registrable portfolio Securities which have been delivered to it in physical form, by registering the same in the name of the appropriate Fund or its nominee, or in the name of the Custodian or its nominee, for whose actions such Fund and Custodian, respectively, shall be fully responsible. Upon the receipt of Instructions, the Custodian shall hold such Securities in street certificate form, so called, with or without any indication of representative fiduciary capacity. However, unless it receives Instructions to the contrary, the Custodian will register all such portfolio Securities in the name of the Custodian's authorized nominee. All such Securities shall be held in an account of the Custodian containing only assets of the appropriate Fund or only assets held by the Custodian for the benefit of customersas a fiduciary, provided that the records of the Custodian shall indicate at all times the Fund or other customer for which such Securities are held in such accounts and the respective interests therein. (3) The Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a Fund in, and each Fund hereby approves use of: (a) The Depository Trust & Clearing Corporation; Company; (b) any other clearing agency registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) under section 17A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, which acts as a securities depositoryThe Participants Trust Company; and (c) a Federal Reserve Bank or other entity authorized to operate the federal any book-entry system described as provided in (i) Subpart O of Treasury Circular Xx. 000, 00 XXX 306.115, (ii) Subpart B of Treasury Circular Public Debt Series Xx. 00-00, 00 XXX 350.2, or (iii) the regulations of the Department of the Treasury or book-entry systems operated pursuant to comparable regulations of other federal agenciesagencies substantially in the form of 31 CFR 306.115. Upon the receipt of Special Instructions, the Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a Fund in any other domestic clearing agency that registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") under Section 17A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (or as may otherwise be authorized by the SEC to serve in the capacity of depository or clearing agent for the Securities or other assets of investment companies and that companies) which acts as a Securities depository. Each of the foregoing shall be referred to in this Agreement as a "Securities System", and all such Securities Systems shall be listed on the attached Appendix A. Use of a Securities System shall be in accordance with applicable Federal Reserve Board and SEC rules and regulations, if any, and subject to the following provisions: (i) The Custodian may deposit the Securities directly or through one or more agents or Subcustodians which are also qualified to act as custodians for investment companies. (ii) The Custodian shall deposit and/or maintain the Securities held in a Securities System shall be subject to any agreements or rules effective between the System, provided that such Securities System and the Custodian or a Subcustodian, as the case may be. (iii) Any Securities deposited or maintained in a Securities System shall be held are represented in an account ("Account") of the Custodian or a Subcustodian in the Securities System that includes only assets held by the Custodian or a Subcustodian as a fiduciary, custodian or otherwise for customers. (iviii) The books and records of the Custodian shall at all times identify those Securities belonging to any one or more Funds which are maintained in a Securities System. (viv) The Custodian shall pay for Securities purchased for the account of a Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that such Securities have been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such payment and transfer for the account of such Fund. The Custodian shall transfer Securities sold for the account of a Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that payment for such Securities has been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such transfer and payment for the account of such Fund. Copies of all advices from the Securities System relating to transfers of Securities for the account of a Fund shall be maintained for such Fund by the Custodian. Such copies may be maintained by the Custodian in electronic form. The Custodian shall make available deliver to the a Fund or its agent on the next succeeding business day, by Electronic Communication, facsimile, or other means reasonably acceptable to both parties, day daily transaction activity that reports which shall include each day’s 's transactions in the Securities System for the account of such Fund. Such transaction reports shall be delivered to such Fund or any agent designated by such Fund pursuant to Instructions, by computer or in such other manner as such Fund and Custodian may agree. (viv) The Custodian shall, if requested by a Fund pursuant to Instructions, provide such Fund with reports obtained by the Custodian or any Subcustodian with respect to a Securities System's accounting system, internal accounting control and procedures for safeguarding Securities deposited in the Securities System. (vi) Upon receipt of Special Instructions, the Custodian shall terminate the use of any Securities System on behalf of a Fund as promptly as practicable and shall take all actions reasonably practicable to safeguard the Securities of such Fund maintained with such Securities System.

Manner of Holding Securities. (1) The Custodian shall at all times hold Securities of each a Fund either: (i) by physical possession of the share certificates or other instruments representing such Securities, in registered or bearer form; in the vault of the Custodian, Domestic Subcustodian, a Special Custodian, depository or agent of the Custodian; or in an account maintained by the Custodian or agent at a Securities System (as hereinafter defined); or (ii) in book-entry form by a Securities System in accordance with the provisions of sub-paragraph (3) below. (2) The Custodian may hold registrable portfolio Securities which have been delivered to it in physical form, by registering the same in the name of the appropriate Fund or its nominee, or in the name of the Custodian or its nominee, for whose actions such Fund and Custodian, respectively, shall be fully responsible. Upon the receipt of Instructions, the Custodian shall hold such Securities in street certificate form, so called, with or without any indication of representative capacity. However, unless it receives Instructions to the contrary, the Custodian will register all such portfolio Securities in the name of the Custodian's authorized nominee. All such Securities shall be held in an account of the Custodian containing only assets of the appropriate Fund or only assets held by the Custodian for the benefit of customers, provided that the records of the Custodian shall indicate at all times the appropriate Fund or other customer for which such Securities are held in such accounts and the respective interests therein. (3) The Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a Fund in, and each Fund hereby approves use of: (a) The Depository Trust & Clearing Corporation; (b) any other clearing agency registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) under section 17A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, which acts as a securities depository; and (c) a Federal Reserve Bank or other entity authorized to operate the federal book-entry system described in the regulations of the Department of the Treasury or book-entry systems operated pursuant to comparable regulations of other federal agencies. Upon the receipt of Special Instructions, the Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a Fund in any other domestic clearing agency that may otherwise be authorized by the SEC to serve in the capacity of depository or clearing agent for the Securities or other assets of investment companies and that acts as a Securities depository. Each of the foregoing shall be referred to in this Agreement as a "Securities System", and all such Securities Systems shall be listed on the attached Appendix A. Use of a Securities System shall be in accordance with applicable Federal Reserve Board and SEC rules and regulations, if any, and subject to the following provisions: (i) The Custodian may deposit the Securities directly or through one or more agents or Subcustodians which are also qualified to act as custodians for investment companies. (ii) Securities held in a Securities System shall be subject to any agreements or rules effective between the Securities System and the Custodian or a Subcustodian, as the case may be. (iii) Any Securities deposited or maintained in a Securities System shall be held in an account ("Account") of the Custodian or a Subcustodian in the Securities System that includes only assets held by the Custodian or a Subcustodian as a custodian or otherwise for customers. (iv) The books and records of the Custodian shall at all times identify those Securities belonging to any one or more Funds a Fund which are maintained in a Securities System. (v) The Custodian shall pay for Securities purchased for the account of a Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that such Securities have been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such payment and transfer for the account of such Fund. The Custodian shall transfer Securities sold for the account of a Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that payment for such Securities has been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such transfer and payment for the account of such Fund. Copies of all advices from the Securities System relating to transfers of Securities for the account of a Fund shall be maintained for such Fund by the Custodian. Such copies may be maintained by the Custodian in electronic form. The Custodian shall make available to the relevant Fund or its agent on the next business day, by Electronic Communication, facsimile, or other means reasonably acceptable to both parties, daily transaction activity that shall include each day’s transactions for the account of such Fund. (vi) The Custodian shall, if requested by a Fund pursuant to Instructions, provide such Fund with reports obtained by the Custodian or any Subcustodian with respect to a Securities System's accounting system, internal accounting control and procedures for safeguarding Securities deposited in the Securities System.

Manner of Holding Securities. (1) The Custodian shall at all times hold Securities of each Fund either: (i) by physical possession of the share certificates or other instruments representing such Securities, in registered or bearer form; in the vault of the Custodian, Domestic Subcustodian, a Special Custodian, depository or agent of the Custodian; or in an account maintained by the Custodian or agent at a Securities System (as hereinafter defined); or (ii) in book-entry form by a Securities System in accordance with the provisions of sub-paragraph (3) below. (2) The Custodian may hold registrable portfolio Securities which have been delivered to it in physical form, by registering the same in the name of the appropriate Fund or its nominee, or in the name of the Custodian or its nominee, for whose actions such Fund and Custodian, respectively, shall be fully responsible. Upon the receipt of Instructions, the Custodian shall hold such Securities in street certificate form, so called, with or without any indication of representative capacity. However, unless it receives Instructions to the contrary, the Custodian will register all such portfolio Securities in the name of the Custodian's authorized nominee. All such Securities shall be held in an account of the Custodian containing only assets of the appropriate Fund or only assets held by the Custodian for the benefit of customers, provided that the records of the Custodian shall indicate at all times the Fund or other customer for which such Securities are held in such accounts and the respective interests therein. (3) The Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a Fund in, and each Fund hereby approves use of: (a) The Depository Trust & Clearing Corporation; (b) any other clearing agency registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“"SEC”") under section 17A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, which acts as a securities depository; and (c) a Federal Reserve Bank or other entity authorized to operate the federal book-entry system described in the regulations of the Department of the Treasury or book-entry systems operated pursuant to comparable regulations of other federal agencies. Upon the receipt of Special Instructions, the Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a Fund in any other domestic clearing agency that may otherwise be authorized by the SEC to serve in the capacity of depository or clearing agent for the Securities or other assets of investment companies and that acts as a Securities depository. Each of the foregoing shall be referred to in this Agreement as a "Securities System", and all such Securities Systems shall be listed on the attached Appendix A. Use of a Securities System shall be in accordance with applicable Federal Reserve Board and SEC rules and regulations, if any, and subject to the following provisions: (i) The Custodian may deposit the Securities directly or through one or more agents or Subcustodians which are also qualified to act as custodians for investment companies. (ii) Securities held in a Securities System shall be subject to any agreements or rules effective between the Securities System and the Custodian or a Subcustodian, as the case may be. (iii) Any Securities deposited or maintained in a Securities System shall be held in an account ("Account") of the Custodian or a Subcustodian in the Securities System that includes only assets held by the Custodian or a Subcustodian as a custodian or otherwise for customers. (iv) The books and records of the Custodian shall at all times identify those Securities belonging to any one or more Funds which are maintained in a Securities System. (v) The Custodian shall pay for Securities purchased for the account of a Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that such Securities have been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such payment and transfer for the account of such Fund. The Custodian shall transfer Securities sold for the account of a Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that payment for such Securities has been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such transfer and payment for the account of such Fund. Copies of all advices from the Securities System relating to transfers of Securities for the account of a Fund shall be maintained for such Fund by the Custodian. Such copies may be maintained by the Custodian in electronic form. The Custodian shall make available to the Fund or its agent on the next business day, by Electronic Communication, facsimile, or other means reasonably acceptable to both parties, daily transaction activity that shall include each day’s 's transactions for the account of such Fund. (vi) The Custodian shall, if requested by a Fund pursuant to Instructions, provide such Fund with reports obtained by the Custodian or any Subcustodian with respect to a Securities System's accounting system, internal accounting control and procedures for safeguarding Securities deposited in the Securities System.

Manner of Holding Securities. (1) The Custodian shall at all times hold Securities of each Fund either: (i) by physical possession of the share certificates or other instruments representing such Securities, Securities in registered or bearer form; in the vault of the Custodian, Domestic Subcustodian, a Special Custodian, depository or agent of the Custodian; or in an account maintained by the Custodian or agent at a Securities System (as hereinafter defined); or (ii) in book-entry form by a Securities System (as hereinafter defined) in accordance with the provisions of sub-paragraph (3) below. (2) The Custodian may hold registrable portfolio Securities which have been delivered to it in physical form, by registering the same in the name of the appropriate Fund or its nominee, or in the name of the Custodian or its nominee, for whose actions such Fund and Custodian, respectively, shall be fully responsible. Upon the receipt of Instructions, the Custodian shall hold such Securities in street certificate form, so called, with or without any indication of representative fiduciary capacity. However, unless it receives Instructions to the contrary, the Custodian will register all such portfolio Securities in the name of the Custodian's authorized nominee. All such Securities shall be held in an account of the Custodian containing only assets of the appropriate Fund or only assets held by the Custodian for the benefit of customersas a fiduciary, provided that the records of the Custodian shall indicate at all times the Fund or other customer for which such Securities are held in such accounts and the respective interests therein. (3) The Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a Fund in, and each Fund hereby approves use of: (a) The Depository Trust & Clearing Corporation; Company; (b) any other clearing agency registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) under section 17A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, which acts as a securities depositoryThe Participants Trust Company; and (c) a Federal Reserve Bank or other entity authorized to operate the federal any book-entry system described as provided in (i) Subpart O of Treasury Circular No. 300, 31 CFR 306.115, (ii) Suxxxxx X xx Xxxxsury Circular Public Debt Series No. 27-76, 31 CFR 350.2, or (iii) xxx xxxx-xxxxx regulations of federal agencies substantially in the regulations form of the Department of the Treasury or book-entry systems operated pursuant to comparable regulations of other federal agencies31 CFR 306.115. Upon the receipt of Special Instructions, the Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a Fund in any other domestic clearing agency that registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") under Section 17A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (or as may otherwise be authorized by the SEC to serve in the capacity of depository or clearing agent for the Securities or other assets of investment companies and that companies) which acts as a Securities depository. Each of the foregoing shall be referred to in this Agreement as a "Securities System", and all such Securities Systems shall be listed on the attached Appendix A. Use of a Securities System shall be in accordance with applicable Federal Reserve Board and SEC rules and regulations, if any, and subject to the following provisions: (i) The Custodian may deposit the Securities directly or through one or more agents or Subcustodians which are also qualified to act as custodians for investment companies. (ii) The Custodian shall deposit and/or maintain the Securities held in a Securities System shall be subject to any agreements or rules effective between the System, provided that such Securities System and the Custodian or a Subcustodian, as the case may be. (iii) Any Securities deposited or maintained in a Securities System shall be held are represented in an account ("Account") of the Custodian or a Subcustodian in the Securities System that includes only assets held by the Custodian or a Subcustodian as a fiduciary, custodian or otherwise for customers. (iviii) The books and records of the Custodian shall at all times identify those Securities belonging to any one or more Funds which are maintained in a Securities System. (viv) The Custodian shall pay for Securities purchased for the account of a Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that such Securities have been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such payment and transfer for the account of such Fund. The Custodian shall transfer Securities sold for the account of a Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that payment for such Securities has been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such transfer and payment for the account of such Fund. Copies of all advices from the Securities System relating to transfers of Securities for the account of a Fund shall be maintained for such Fund by the Custodian. Such copies may be maintained by the Custodian in electronic form. The Custodian shall make available deliver to the a Fund or its agent on the next succeeding business day, by Electronic Communication, facsimile, or other means reasonably acceptable to both parties, day daily transaction activity reports that shall include each day’s 's transactions in the Securities System for the account of such Fund. Such transaction reports shall be delivered to such Fund or any agent designated by such Fund pursuant to Instructions, by computer or in such other manner as such Fund and Custodian may agree. (viv) The Custodian shall, if requested by a Fund pursuant to Instructions, provide such Fund with reports obtained by the Custodian or any Subcustodian with respect to a Securities System's accounting system, internal accounting control and procedures for safeguarding Securities deposited in the Securities System. (vi) Upon receipt of Special Instructions, the Custodian shall terminate the use of any Securities System on behalf of a Fund as promptly as practicable and shall take all actions reasonably practicable to safeguard the Securities of such Fund maintained with such Securities System.

Manner of Holding Securities. (1) The Custodian shall at all times hold Securities of each Fund either: (i) by physical possession of the share certificates or other instruments representing such Securities, Securities in registered or bearer form; in the vault of the Custodian, Domestic Subcustodian, a Special Custodian, depository or agent of the Custodian; or in an account maintained by the Custodian or agent at a Securities System (as hereinafter defined); or (ii) in book-entry form by a Securities System (as hereinafter defined) in accordance with the provisions of sub-paragraph (3) below. (2) The Custodian may hold registrable portfolio Securities which have been delivered to it in physical form, by registering the same in the name of the appropriate Fund or its nominee, or in the name of the Custodian or its nominee, for whose actions such Fund and Custodian, respectively, shall be fully responsible. Upon the receipt of Instructions, the Custodian shall hold such Securities in street certificate form, so called, with or without any indication of representative fiduciary capacity. However, unless it receives Instructions to the contrary, the Custodian will register all such portfolio Securities in the name of the Custodian's ’s authorized nominee. All such Securities shall be held in an account of the Custodian containing only assets of the appropriate Fund or only assets held by the Custodian for the benefit of customersas a fiduciary, provided that the records of the Custodian shall indicate at all times the Fund or other customer for which such Securities are held in such accounts and the respective interests therein. (3) The Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a Fund in, and each Fund hereby approves use of: (a) The Depository Trust & Clearing CorporationCompany; and (b) any other clearing agency registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) under section 17A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, which acts as a securities depository; and (c) a Federal Reserve Bank or other entity authorized to operate the federal book-entry system described as provided in (i) Subpart O of Treasury Circular Xx. 000, 00 XXX 306.115, (ii) Subpart B of Treasury Circular Public Debt Series Xx. 00-00, 00 XXX 350.2, or (iii) the regulations of the Department of the Treasury or book-entry systems operated pursuant to comparable regulations of other federal agenciesagencies substantially in the form of 31 CFR 306.115. Upon the receipt of Special Instructions, the Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a Fund in any other domestic clearing agency that registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) under Section 17A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (or as may otherwise be authorized by the SEC to serve in the capacity of depository or clearing agent for the Securities or other assets of investment companies and that companies) which acts as a Securities depository. Each of the foregoing shall be referred to in this Agreement as a "“Securities System", ,” and all such Securities Systems shall be listed on the attached Appendix A. Use of a Securities System shall be in accordance with applicable Federal Reserve Board and SEC rules and regulations, if any, and subject to the following provisions: (i) The Custodian may deposit the Securities directly or through one or more agents or Subcustodians which are also qualified to act as custodians for investment companies. (ii) The Custodian shall deposit and/or maintain the Securities held in a Securities System shall be subject to any agreements or rules effective between the System, provided that such Securities System and the Custodian or a Subcustodian, as the case may be. (iii) Any Securities deposited or maintained in a Securities System shall be held are represented in an account ("“Account"”) of the Custodian or a Subcustodian in the Securities System that includes only assets held by the Custodian or a Subcustodian as a fiduciary, custodian or otherwise for customers. (iviii) The books and records of the Custodian shall at all times identify those Securities belonging to any one or more Funds which are maintained in a Securities System. (viv) The Custodian shall pay for Securities purchased for the account of a Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that such Securities have been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such payment and transfer for the account of such Fund. The Custodian shall transfer Securities sold for the account of a Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that payment for such Securities has been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such transfer and payment for the account of such Fund. Copies of all advices from the Securities System relating to transfers of Securities for the account of a Fund shall be maintained for such Fund by the Custodian. Such copies may be maintained by the Custodian in electronic form. The Custodian shall make available deliver to the a Fund or its agent on the next succeeding business day, by Electronic Communication, facsimile, or other means reasonably acceptable to both parties, day daily transaction activity reports that shall include each day’s transactions in the Securities System for the account of such Fund. Such transaction reports shall be delivered to such Fund or any agent designated by such Fund pursuant to Instructions, by computer or in such other manner as such Fund and Custodian may agree. (viv) The Custodian shall, if requested by a Fund pursuant to Instructions, provide such Fund with reports obtained by the Custodian or any Subcustodian with respect to a Securities System's ’s accounting system, internal accounting control and procedures for safeguarding Securities deposited in the Securities System. (vi) Upon receipt of Special Instructions, the Custodian shall terminate the use of any Securities System on behalf of a Fund as promptly as practicable and shall take all actions reasonably practicable to safeguard the Securities of such Fund maintained with such Securities System.

Manner of Holding Securities. (1) The Custodian shall at all times hold Securities of each the Fund either: (i) by physical possession of the share certificates or other instruments representing such Securities, Securities in registered or bearer form; in the vault of the Custodian, Domestic Subcustodian, a Special Custodian, depository or agent of the Custodian; or in an account maintained by the Custodian or agent at a Securities System (as hereinafter defined); or (ii) in book-entry form by a Securities System (as hereinafter defined) in accordance with the provisions of sub-paragraph (3) below. (2) The Custodian may hold registrable portfolio Securities which have been delivered to it in physical form, by registering the same in the name of the appropriate Fund or its nominee, or in the name of the Custodian or its nominee, for whose actions such the Fund and Custodian, respectively, shall be fully responsible. Upon the receipt of Instructions, the Custodian shall hold such Securities in street certificate form, so called, with or without any indication of representative fiduciary capacity. However, unless it receives Instructions to the contrary, the Custodian will register all such portfolio Securities in the name of the Custodian's authorized nominee. All such Securities shall be held in an account of the Custodian containing only assets of the appropriate Fund or only assets held by the Custodian for the benefit of customersas a fiduciary, provided that the records of the Custodian shall indicate at all times the Fund or other customer for which such Securities are held in such accounts and the respective interests therein. (3) The Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a the Fund in, and each the Fund hereby approves use of: (a) The Depository Trust & Clearing CorporationCompany; and (b) any other clearing agency registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) under section 17A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, which acts as a securities depository; and (c) a Federal Reserve Bank or other entity authorized to operate the federal book-entry system described as provided in (i) Subpart O of Treasury Circular Nx. 000, 00 XXX 306.115, (ii) Subpart B of Treasury Circular Public Debt Series Nx. 00-00, 00 XXX 350.2, or (iii) the regulations of the Department of the Treasury or book-entry systems operated pursuant to comparable regulations of other federal agenciesagencies substantially in the form of 31 CFR 306.115. Upon the receipt of Special Instructions, the Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a the Fund in any other domestic clearing agency that registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") under Section 17A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (or as may otherwise be authorized by the SEC to serve in the capacity of depository or clearing agent for the Securities or other assets of investment companies and that companies) which acts as a Securities depository. Each of the foregoing shall be referred to in this Agreement as a "Securities System", and all such Securities Systems shall be listed on the attached Appendix A. Use of a Securities System shall be in accordance with applicable Federal Reserve Board and SEC rules and regulations, if any, and subject to the following provisions: (i) The Custodian may deposit the Securities directly or through one or more agents or Subcustodians which are also qualified to act as custodians for investment companies. (ii) The Custodian shall deposit and/or maintain the Securities held in a Securities System shall be subject to any agreements or rules effective between the System, provided that such Securities System and the Custodian or a Subcustodian, as the case may be. (iii) Any Securities deposited or maintained in a Securities System shall be held are represented in an account ("Account") of the Custodian or a Subcustodian in the Securities System that includes only assets held by the Custodian or a Subcustodian as a fiduciary, custodian or otherwise for customers. (iviii) The books and records of the Custodian shall at all times identify those Securities belonging to any one or more Funds the Fund which are maintained in a Securities System. (viv) The Custodian shall pay for Securities purchased for the account of a the Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that such Securities have been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such payment and transfer for the account of such the Fund. The Custodian shall transfer Securities sold for the account of a the Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that payment for such Securities has been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such transfer and payment for the account of such the Fund. Copies of all advices from the Securities System relating to transfers of Securities for the account of a the Fund shall be maintained for such the Fund by the Custodian. Such copies may be maintained by the Custodian in electronic form. The Custodian shall make available deliver to the Fund or its agent on the next succeeding business day, by Electronic Communication, facsimile, or other means reasonably acceptable to both parties, day daily transaction activity reports that shall include each day’s 's transactions in the Securities System for the account of the Fund. Such transaction reports shall be delivered to the Fund or any agent designated by the Fund pursuant to Instructions, by computer or in such Fundother manner as the Fund and Custodian may agree. (viv) The Custodian shall, if requested by a the Fund pursuant to Instructions, provide such the Fund with reports obtained by the Custodian or any Subcustodian with respect to a Securities System's accounting system, internal accounting control and procedures for safeguarding Securities deposited in the Securities System. (vi) Upon receipt of Special Instructions, the Custodian shall terminate the use of any Securities System on behalf of the Fund as promptly as practicable and shall take all actions reasonably practicable to safeguard the Securities of the Fund maintained with such Securities System.

Manner of Holding Securities. (1) The Custodian shall at all times hold Securities of each Fund either: (i) by physical possession of the share certificates or other instruments representing such Securities, Securities in registered or bearer form; in the vault of the Custodian, Domestic Subcustodian, a Special Custodian, depository or agent of the Custodian; or in an account maintained by the Custodian or agent at a Securities System (as hereinafter defined); or (ii) in book-entry form by a Securities System (as hereinafter defined) in accordance with the provisions of sub-paragraph (3) below. (2) The Custodian may hold registrable portfolio Securities which have been delivered to it in physical form, by registering the same in the name of the appropriate Fund or its nominee, or in the name of the Custodian or its nominee, for whose actions such Fund and Custodian, respectively, shall be fully responsible. Upon the receipt of Instructions, the Custodian shall hold such Securities in street certificate form, so called, with or without any indication of representative fiduciary capacity. However, unless it receives Instructions to the contrary, the Custodian will register all such portfolio Securities in the name of the Custodian's authorized nominee. All such Securities shall be held in an account of the Custodian containing only assets of the appropriate Fund or only assets held by the Custodian for the benefit of customersas a fiduciary, provided that the records of the Custodian shall indicate at all times the Fund or other customer for which such Securities are held in such accounts and the respective interests therein. (3) The Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a Fund in, and each Fund hereby approves use of: (a) The Depository Trust & Clearing Corporation; Company; (b) any other clearing agency registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) under section 17A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, which acts as a securities depositoryThe Participants Trust Company; and (c) a Federal Reserve Bank or other entity authorized to operate the federal any book-entry system described as provided in (i) Subpart O of Treasury Circular No. 300, 31 CFR 306.115, (ii) Subxxxx X xx Xxxxxury Circular Public Debt Series No. 27-76, 31 CFR 350.2, or (iii) xxx xxxx-xxxxx xegulations of federal agencies substantially in the regulations form of the Department of the Treasury or book-entry systems operated pursuant to comparable regulations of other federal agencies31 CFR 306.115. Upon the receipt of Special Instructions, the Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a Fund in any other domestic clearing agency that registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") under Section 17A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (or as may otherwise be authorized by the SEC to serve in the capacity of depository or clearing agent for the Securities or other assets of investment companies and that companies) which acts as a Securities depository. Each of the foregoing shall be referred to in this Agreement as a "Securities System", and all such Securities Systems shall be listed on the attached Appendix A. Use of a Securities System shall be in accordance with applicable Federal Reserve Board and SEC rules and regulations, if any, and subject to the following provisions: (i) The Custodian may deposit the Securities directly or through one or more agents or Subcustodians which are also qualified to act as custodians for investment companies. (ii) The Custodian shall deposit and/or maintain the Securities held in a Securities System shall be subject to any agreements or rules effective between the System, provided that such Securities System and the Custodian or a Subcustodian, as the case may be. (iii) Any Securities deposited or maintained in a Securities System shall be held are represented in an account ("Account") of the Custodian or a Subcustodian in the Securities System that includes only assets held by the Custodian or a Subcustodian as a fiduciary, custodian or otherwise for customers. (iviii) The books and records of the Custodian shall at all times identify those Securities belonging to any one or more Funds which are maintained in a Securities System. (viv) The Custodian shall pay for Securities purchased for the account of a Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that such Securities have been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such payment and transfer for the account of such Fund. The Custodian shall transfer Securities sold for the account of a Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that payment for such Securities has been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such transfer and payment for the account of such Fund. Copies of all advices from the Securities System relating to transfers of Securities for the account of a Fund shall be maintained for such Fund by the Custodian. Such copies may be maintained by the Custodian in electronic form. The Custodian shall make available deliver to the a Fund or its agent on the next succeeding business day, by Electronic Communication, facsimile, or other means reasonably acceptable to both parties, day daily transaction activity reports that shall include each day’s 's transactions in the Securities System for the account of such Fund. Such transaction reports shall be delivered to such Fund or any agent designated by such Fund pursuant to Instructions, by computer or in such other manner as such Fund and Custodian may agree. (viv) The Custodian shall, if requested by a Fund pursuant to Instructions, provide such Fund with reports obtained by the Custodian or any Subcustodian with respect to a Securities System's accounting system, internal accounting control and procedures for safeguarding Securities deposited in the Securities System. (vi) Upon receipt of Special Instructions, the Custodian shall terminate the use of any Securities System on behalf of a Fund as promptly as practicable and shall take all actions reasonably practicable to safeguard the Securities of such Fund maintained with such Securities System.

Manner of Holding Securities. (1) The Custodian shall at all times hold Securities of each Fund either: (i) by physical possession of the share certificates or other instruments representing such Securities, in registered or bearer form; in the vault of the Custodian, Domestic Subcustodian, a Special Custodian, depository or agent of the Custodian; or in an account maintained by the Custodian or agent at a Securities System (as hereinafter defined); or (ii) in book-entry book‑entry form by a Securities System in accordance with the provisions of sub-paragraph sub‑paragraph (3) below. (2) The Custodian may hold registrable portfolio Securities which have been delivered to it in physical form, by registering the same in the name of the appropriate Fund or its nominee, or in the name of the Custodian or its nominee, for whose actions such Fund and Custodian, respectively, shall be fully responsible. Upon the receipt of Instructions, the Custodian shall hold such Securities in street certificate form, so called, with or without any indication of representative capacity. However, unless it receives Instructions to the contrary, the Custodian will register all such portfolio Securities in the name of the Custodian's ’s authorized nominee. All such Securities held in certificated form and Underlying Shares not held in book-entry form by a Securities System shall be held in an a segregated account of the Custodian containing only assets of the appropriate Fund or only assets held by the Custodian for the benefit of customers, provided that the records of the Custodian shall indicate at all times the Fund or other customer for which such Securities are held in such accounts and the respective interests thereinFund. (3) The Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a Fund in, and each Fund hereby approves use of: (a) The Depository Trust & Clearing Corporation; (b) any other clearing agency registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) under section 17A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, which acts as a securities depository; and (c) a Federal Reserve Bank or other entity authorized to operate the federal book-entry system described in the regulations of the Department of the Treasury or book-entry systems operated pursuant to comparable regulations of other federal agencies. Upon the receipt of Special Instructions, the Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a Fund in any other domestic clearing agency that may otherwise be authorized by the SEC to serve in the capacity of depository or clearing agent for the Securities or other assets of investment companies and that acts as a Securities depository. Each of the foregoing shall be referred to in this Agreement as a "“Securities System"”, and all such Securities Systems shall be listed on the attached Appendix A. Use of a Securities System shall be in accordance with applicable Federal Reserve Board and SEC rules and regulations, if anyincluding without limitation Rule 17f-4 under the Investment Company Act, and subject to the following provisions: (i) The Custodian may deposit the Securities directly or through one or more agents or Subcustodians which are also qualified to act as custodians for investment companies. (ii) Securities held in a Securities System shall be subject to any agreements or rules effective between the Securities System and the Custodian or a Subcustodian, as the case may be. (iii) Any Securities deposited or maintained in a Securities System shall be held in an account ("“Account"”) of the Custodian or a Subcustodian in the Securities System that includes only assets held by the Custodian or a Subcustodian as a custodian or otherwise for customerson behalf of the applicable Fund. (iv) The books and records of the Custodian shall at all times identify those Securities belonging to any one or more Funds which are maintained in a Securities System. (v) The Custodian shall pay for Securities purchased for the account of a Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that such Securities have been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such payment and transfer for the account of such Fund. The Custodian shall transfer Securities sold for the account of a Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that payment for such Securities has been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such transfer and payment for the account of such Fund. Copies of all advices from the Securities System relating to transfers of Securities for the account of a Fund shall be maintained for such Fund by the Custodian. Such copies may be maintained by the Custodian in electronic form. The Custodian shall make available to the Fund or its agent on the next business day, by Electronic Communication, facsimile, or other means reasonably acceptable to both parties, daily transaction activity that shall include each day’s transactions for the account of such Fund. (vi) The Custodian shall, if requested by a shall provide each Fund with reports required to be furnished to the Fund pursuant to Instructions, provide Rule 17f-4 under the Investment Company Act and such Fund with other reports obtained as from time to time may be agreed upon by the Custodian or any Subcustodian and the Fund. Without limiting the foregoing, the Custodian shall provide to each Fund: (a) sub-certifications in connection with Xxxxxxxx-Xxxxx Act of 2002 certification requirements; and (b) periodic reports in such form reasonably agreed to by the parties with respect to a Securities System's accounting system, internal accounting control the services hereunder and procedures for safeguarding Securities deposited in the Securities SystemCustodian’s compliance with its operating policies and procedures.

Manner of Holding Securities. (1) The Custodian shall at all times hold Securities of each Fund either: (i) by physical possession of the share certificates or other instruments representing such Securities, Securities in registered or bearer form; in the vault of the Custodian, Domestic Subcustodian, a Special Custodian, depository or agent of the Custodian; or in an account maintained by the Custodian or agent at a Securities System (as hereinafter defined); or (ii) in book-entry form by a Securities System (as hereinafter defined) in accordance with the provisions of sub-paragraph (3) below. (2) The Custodian may hold registrable portfolio Securities which have been delivered to it in physical form, by registering the same in the name of the appropriate Fund or its nominee, or in the name of the Custodian or its nominee, for whose actions such Fund and Custodian, respectively, shall be fully responsible. Upon the receipt of Instructions, the Custodian shall hold such Securities in street certificate form, so called, with or without any indication of representative fiduciary capacity. However, unless it receives Instructions to the contrary, the Custodian will register all such portfolio Securities in the name of the Custodian's authorized nominee. All such Securities shall be held in an account of the Custodian containing only assets of the appropriate Fund or only assets held by the Custodian for the benefit of customersas a fiduciary, provided that the records of the Custodian shall indicate at all times the Fund or other customer for which such Securities are held in such accounts and the respective interests therein. (3) The Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a Fund in, and each Fund hereby approves use of: (a) The Depository Trust & Clearing Corporation; Company; (b) any other clearing agency registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) under section 17A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, which acts as a securities depositoryThe Participants Trust Company; and (c) a Federal Reserve Bank or other entity authorized to operate the federal any book-entry system described as provided in (i) Subpart 0 of Treasury Circular No. 000, 00 XXX 000.115, (ii) Subpart B of Treasury Circular Public Debt Series No. 00-00, 00 XXX 000.2, or (iii) the regulations of the Department of the Treasury or book-entry systems operated pursuant to comparable regulations of other federal agenciesagencies substantially in the form of 31 CFR 306.115. Upon the receipt of Special Instructions, the Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a Fund in any other domestic clearing agency that registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") under Section 17A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (or as may otherwise be authorized by the SEC to serve in the capacity of depository or clearing agent for the Securities or other assets of investment companies and that companies) which acts as a Securities depository. Each of the foregoing shall be referred to in this Agreement as a "Securities System", and all such Securities Systems shall be listed on the attached Appendix A. Use of a Securities System shall be in accordance with applicable Federal Reserve Board and SEC rules and regulations, if any, and subject to the following provisions: (i) The Custodian may deposit the Securities directly or through one or more agents or Subcustodians which are also qualified to act as custodians for investment companies. (ii) The Custodian shall deposit and/or maintain the Securities held in a Securities System shall be subject to any agreements or rules effective between the System, provided that such Securities System and the Custodian or a Subcustodian, as the case may be. (iii) Any Securities deposited or maintained in a Securities System shall be held are represented in an account ("Account") of the Custodian or a Subcustodian in the Securities System that includes only assets held by the Custodian or a Subcustodian as a fiduciary, custodian or otherwise for customers. (iviii) The books and records of the Custodian shall at all times identify those Securities belonging to any one or more Funds which are maintained in a Securities System. (viv) The Custodian shall pay for Securities purchased for the account of a Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that such Securities have been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such payment and transfer for the account of such Fund. The Custodian shall transfer Securities sold for the account of a Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that payment for such Securities has been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such transfer and payment for the account of such Fund. Copies of all advices from the Securities System relating to transfers of Securities for the account of a Fund shall be maintained for such Fund by the Custodian. Such copies may be maintained by the Custodian in electronic form. The Custodian shall make available deliver to the a Fund or its agent on the next succeeding business day, by Electronic Communication, facsimile, or other means reasonably acceptable to both parties, day daily transaction activity that reports which shall include each day’s 's transactions in the Securities System for the account of such Fund. Such transaction reports shall be delivered to such Fund or any agent designated by such Fund pursuant to Instructions, by computer or in such other manner as such Fund and Custodian may agree. (viv) The Custodian shall, if requested by a Fund pursuant to Instructions, provide such Fund with reports obtained by the Custodian or any Subcustodian with respect to a Securities System's accounting system, internal accounting control and procedures for safeguarding Securities deposited in the Securities System. (vi) Upon receipt of Special Instructions, the Custodian shall terminate the use of any Securities System on behalf of a Fund as promptly as practicable and shall take all actions reasonably practicable to safeguard the Securities of such Fund maintained with such Securities System.

Manner of Holding Securities. (1a) The Custodian shall at all times hold Securities securities of each Fund either: or Series (i) by physical possession of the share certificates or other instruments representing such Securities, securities in registered or bearer form; in the vault of the Custodian, Domestic Subcustodian, a Special Custodian, depository or agent of the Custodian; or in an account maintained by the Custodian or agent at a Securities System (as hereinafter defined); form or (ii) in book-entry form by a Securities System System. In addition to the forgoing custody services, Custodian shall also (i) reflect holdings of the Fund or Series in accordance memo postings to the Account based on information provided to the Custodian by a transfer agent or registrar of another investment company (an “Underlying Fund System”), or other representative of the Funds or Series and (ii) provide safekeeping services with respect to Loans, by holding documents, certificates and other such instruments, including any schedule of payments (“Financing Documents”), as are delivered pursuant to the provisions terms and conditions of sub-paragraph (3) belowSchedule F to this Agreement. For the avoidance of doubt, neither Custodian nor any Subcustodian shall be deemed to hold Financing Documents in custody. (2b) Upon receipt of Proper Instructions, the Custodian shall open an Account in the name of each Fund or Series and shall hold registered securities of each Fund or Series (i) in the name or any nominee name of the Custodian, a Subcustodian or the Fund or Series, or (ii) in street name. In carrying out the foregoing obligation, the Custodian shall, to the extent permitted by law and, where Custodian deems it advisable based upon any legal advice Custodian has obtained with respect to a particular market and upon other factors the Custodian deems appropriate, hold registered securities of each Fund or Series in such other manner as Custodian deems necessary and appropriate for that market; and provided further that the Custodian shall, on an ongoing basis, provide information that, to the Custodian’s knowledge, is timely and accurate to a Fund and such other persons as a Fund may designate with respect to the registration status of each Fund’s securities, and an accurate record of securities held by each Fund and such Fund’s respective interest therein. (c) The Custodian may hold registrable portfolio Securities which have been delivered to it in physical formProperty for all of its customers, by registering the same in the name of the appropriate including a Fund or its nominee, or in the name of the Custodian or its nominee, for whose actions such Fund and Custodian, respectively, shall be fully responsible. Upon the receipt of Instructions, the Custodian shall hold such Securities in street certificate form, so calledSeries, with or without any indication of representative capacity. However, unless it receives Instructions to the contrary, the Custodian will register all such portfolio Securities in the name of the Custodian's authorized nominee. All such Securities shall be held Foreign Subcustodian in an account of the Custodian containing only assets of the appropriate Fund or only assets held by Account that is identified as belonging to the Custodian for the benefit of customersits customers or in a depository account, provided including an omnibus account, with an Eligible Securities Depository; provided, however, that (i) the records of the Custodian shall indicate at all times the with respect to Property of any Fund or other customer for which such Securities Series that are held maintained in such accounts and Account or depository account shall identify such Property as belonging to the respective interests therein. (3) The Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a applicable Fund in, and each Fund hereby approves use of: (a) The Depository Trust & Clearing Corporation; (b) any other clearing agency registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) under section 17A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, which acts as a securities depository; or Series and (cii) a Federal Reserve Bank or other entity authorized to operate the federal book-entry system described extent permitted and customary in the regulations of market in which the Department of the Treasury Account or book-entry systems operated pursuant to comparable regulations of other federal agencies. Upon the receipt of Special Instructionsdepository account is maintained, the Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned shall require that Property so held by a Fund in any other domestic clearing agency that may otherwise be authorized by the SEC to serve in the capacity of depository Foreign Subcustodian or clearing agent for the Eligible Securities or other assets of investment companies and that acts as a Securities depository. Each of the foregoing shall be referred to in this Agreement as a "Securities System", and all such Securities Systems shall be listed on the attached Appendix A. Use of a Securities System shall be in accordance with applicable Federal Reserve Board and SEC rules and regulations, if any, and subject to the following provisions: (i) The Custodian may deposit the Securities directly or through one or more agents or Subcustodians which are also qualified to act as custodians for investment companies. (ii) Securities held in a Securities System shall be subject to any agreements or rules effective between the Securities System and the Custodian or a Subcustodian, as the case may be. (iii) Any Securities deposited or maintained in a Securities System shall Depository be held in an account ("Account") separately from any assets of the Custodian or a Subcustodian such Foreign Subcustodian. Subject to Section 3.25(b), Custodian reserves the right to refuse to accept delivery of Property in the Securities System that includes only assets held by the Custodian or a Subcustodian countries and jurisdictions other than those referred to in Schedule 1 this Agreement, as a custodian or otherwise for customersin effect from time to time. (iv) The books and records of the Custodian shall at all times identify those Securities belonging to any one or more Funds which are maintained in a Securities System. (vd) The Custodian shall pay for send or make available by electronic means to each Fund a written statement, advice or notification of any transfers of any Property of the Fund to or from an Account or an account at an Eligible Securities purchased for Depository (a “depository account”). Each such statement, advice or notification shall identify the account Property transferred and the entity that has custody of the Property. Unless a Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that such Securities have been transferred to the Account of provides the Custodian in accordance with a written exception or objection to any such statement, advice or notification within ninety (90) days of Fund’s receipt thereof, the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such payment and transfer for the account of such Fund. The Custodian shall transfer Securities sold for the account of a Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that payment for such Securities has been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such transfer and payment for the account of such Fund. Copies of all advices from the Securities System relating to transfers of Securities for the account of a Fund shall be maintained for deemed to have approved such Fund statement, advice or notification. To the extent permitted by law and the Custodian. Such copies may be maintained by terms of this Agreement, the Custodian in electronic form. The Custodian shall make available to the Fund or its agent on the next business day, by Electronic Communication, facsimile, or other means reasonably acceptable to both parties, daily transaction activity that shall include each day’s transactions not be liable for the account contents of any such statement, advice or notification that has been approved by a Fund. (vi) The Custodian shall, if requested by a Fund pursuant to Instructions, provide such Fund with reports obtained by the Custodian or any Subcustodian with respect to a Securities System's accounting system, internal accounting control and procedures for safeguarding Securities deposited in the Securities System.

Manner of Holding Securities. (1) The Custodian shall at all times hold Securities of each the Fund either: (i) by physical possession of the share certificates or other instruments representing such Securities, Securities in registered or bearer form; in the vault of the Custodian, Domestic Subcustodian, a Special Custodian, depository or agent of the Custodian; or in an account maintained by the Custodian or agent at a Securities System (as hereinafter defined); or (ii) in book-entry form by a Securities System (as hereinafter defined) in accordance with the provisions of sub-paragraph (3) below. (2) The Custodian may hold registrable portfolio Securities which have been delivered to it in physical form, by registering the same in the name of the appropriate Fund or its nominee, or in the name of the Custodian or its nominee, for whose actions such the Fund and Custodian, respectively, shall be fully responsible. Upon the receipt of Instructions, the Custodian shall hold such Securities in street certificate form, so called, with or without any indication of representative fiduciary capacity. However, unless it receives Instructions to the contrary, the Custodian will register all such portfolio Securities in the name of the Custodian's authorized nominee. All such Securities shall be held in an account of the Custodian containing only assets of the appropriate Fund or only assets held by the Custodian for the benefit of customersas a fiduciary, provided that the records of the Custodian shall indicate at all times the Fund or other customer for which such Securities are held in such accounts and the respective interests therein. (3) The Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a the Fund in, and each the Fund hereby approves use of: (a) The Depository Trust & Clearing Corporation; Company; (b) any other clearing agency registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) under section 17A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, which acts as a securities depositoryThe Participants Trust Company; and (c) a Federal Reserve Bank or other entity authorized to operate the federal any book-entry system described as provided in (i) Subpart O of Treasury Circular Xx. 000, 00 XXX 306.115, (ii) Subpart B of Treasury Circular Public Debt Series Xx. 00-00, 00 XXX 350.2, or (iii) the regulations of the Department of the Treasury or book-entry systems operated pursuant to comparable regulations of other federal agenciesagencies substantially in the form of 31 CFR 306.115. Upon the receipt of Special Instructions, the Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a the Fund in any other domestic clearing agency that registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") under Section 17A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (or as may otherwise be authorized by the SEC to serve in the capacity of depository or clearing agent for the Securities or other assets of investment companies and that companies) which acts as a Securities depository. Each of the foregoing shall be referred to in this Agreement as a "Securities System", and all such Securities Systems shall be listed on the attached Appendix A. Use of a Securities System shall be in accordance with applicable Federal Reserve Board and SEC rules and regulations, if any, and subject to the following provisions: (i) The Custodian may deposit the Securities directly or through one or more agents or Subcustodians which are also qualified to act as custodians for investment companies. (ii) The Custodian shall deposit and/or maintain the Securities held in a Securities System shall be subject to any agreements or rules effective between the System, provided that such Securities System and the Custodian or a Subcustodian, as the case may be. (iii) Any Securities deposited or maintained in a Securities System shall be held are represented in an account ("Account") of the Custodian or a Subcustodian in the Securities System that includes only assets held by the Custodian or a Subcustodian as a fiduciary, custodian or otherwise for customers. (iviii) The books and records of the Custodian shall at all times identify those Securities belonging to any one or more Funds the Fund which are maintained in a Securities System. (viv) The Custodian shall pay for Securities purchased for the account of a the Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that such Securities have been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such payment and transfer for the account of such the Fund. The Custodian shall transfer Securities sold for the account of a the Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that payment for such Securities has been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such transfer and payment for the account of such the Fund. Copies of all advices from the Securities System relating to transfers of Securities for the account of a the Fund shall be maintained for such the Fund by the Custodian. Such copies may be maintained by the Custodian in electronic form. The Custodian shall make available deliver to the Fund on the next succeeding business day daily transaction reports which shall include each day's transactions in the Securities System for the account of the Fund. Such transaction reports shall be delivered to the Fund or its any agent on designated by the next business dayFund pursuant to Instructions, by Electronic Communication, facsimile, computer or in such other means reasonably acceptable to both parties, daily transaction activity that shall include each day’s transactions for manner as the account of such FundFund and Custodian may agree. (viv) The Custodian shall, if requested by a the Fund pursuant to Instructions, provide such the Fund with reports obtained by the Custodian or any Subcustodian with respect to a Securities System's accounting system, internal accounting control and procedures for safeguarding Securities deposited in the Securities System. (vi) Upon receipt of Special Instructions, the Custodian shall terminate the use of any Securities System on behalf of the Fund as promptly as practicable and shall take all actions reasonably practicable to safeguard the Securities of the Fund maintained with such Securities System.

Manner of Holding Securities. (1) The Custodian shall at all times hold Securities of each the Fund either: (i) by physical possession of the share certificates certificates, completed Subscription Agreements, or other instruments representing such Securities, in registered or bearer form; in the vault of the Custodian, Domestic Subcustodian, a Special Custodian, depository or agent of the Custodian; or in an account maintained by the Custodian or agent at a Securities System (as hereinafter defined); or (ii) in book-entry form by a Securities System in accordance with the provisions of sub-paragraph (3) below. (2) The Custodian may hold registrable portfolio Securities which have been delivered to it in physical form, by registering the same in the name of the appropriate Fund or its nominee, or in the name of the Custodian or its nominee, for whose actions such Fund and Custodian, respectively, shall be fully responsible. Upon the receipt of Instructions, the Custodian shall hold such Securities in street certificate form, so called, with or without any indication of representative capacity. However, unless it receives Instructions to the contrary, the Custodian will register all such portfolio Securities in the name of the Custodian's authorized nominee. All such Securities shall be held in an account of the Custodian containing only assets of the appropriate Fund or only assets held by the Custodian for the benefit of customers, provided that the records of the Custodian shall indicate at all times the Fund or other customer for which such Securities are held in such accounts and the respective interests therein. (3) The Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a Fund in, and each the Fund hereby approves use of: (a) The Depository Trust & Clearing Corporation; (b) any other clearing agency registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) under section 17A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, which acts as a securities depository; and (c) a Federal Reserve Bank or other entity authorized to operate the federal book-entry system described in the regulations of the Department of the Treasury or book-entry systems operated pursuant to comparable regulations of other federal agencies. Upon the receipt of Special Instructions, the Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a Fund in any other domestic clearing agency that may otherwise be authorized by the SEC to serve in the capacity of depository or clearing agent for the Securities or other assets of investment companies and that acts as a Securities depository. Each of the foregoing shall be referred to in this Agreement as a "Securities System", and all such Securities Systems shall be listed on the attached Appendix A. Use of a Securities System shall be in accordance with applicable Federal Reserve Board and SEC rules and regulations, if any, and subject to the following provisions: (i) The Custodian may deposit the Securities directly or through one or more agents or Subcustodians which are also qualified to act as custodians for investment companies. (ii) Securities held in a Securities System shall be subject to any agreements or rules effective between the Securities System and the Custodian or a Subcustodian, as the case may be. (iii) Any Securities deposited or maintained in a Securities System shall be held in an account ("Account") of the Custodian or a Subcustodian in the Securities System that includes only assets held by the Custodian or a Subcustodian as a custodian or otherwise for customers. (iv) The books and records of the Custodian shall at all times identify those Securities belonging to any one or more Funds the Fund which are maintained in a Securities System. (v) The Custodian shall pay for Securities purchased for the account of a Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that such Securities have been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such payment and transfer for the account of such Fund. The Custodian shall transfer Securities sold for the account of a Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that payment for such Securities has been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such transfer and payment for the account of such Fund. Copies of all advices from the Securities System relating to transfers of Securities for the account of a Fund shall be maintained for such Fund by the Custodian. Such copies may be maintained by the Custodian in electronic form. The Custodian shall make available to the Fund or its agent on the next business day, by Electronic Communication, data file, facsimile, or other means reasonably acceptable to both parties, daily transaction activity that shall include each day’s transactions for the account of such Fund. (vi) The Custodian shall, if requested by a Fund pursuant to Instructions, provide such Fund with reports obtained by the Custodian or any Subcustodian with respect to a Securities System's accounting system, internal accounting control and procedures for safeguarding Securities deposited in the Securities System. (vii) The Custodian otherwise complies with the requirements of Rule 17f-4 under the 1940 Act.

Manner of Holding Securities. (1) The Custodian shall at all times hold Securities of each the Fund either: (i) by physical possession of the share certificates certificates, completed Subscription Agreements, or other instruments representing such Securities, in registered or bearer form; in the vault of the Custodian, Domestic Subcustodian, a Special Custodian, depository or agent of the Custodian; or in an account maintained by the Custodian or agent at a Securities System (as hereinafter defined); or (ii) in book-entry form by a Securities System in accordance with the provisions of sub-paragraph (3) below. (2) The Custodian may hold registrable portfolio Securities which have been delivered to it in physical form, by registering the same in the name of the appropriate Fund or its nominee, or in the name of the Custodian or its nominee, for whose actions such Fund and Custodian, respectively, shall be fully responsible. Upon the receipt of Instructions, the Custodian shall hold such Securities in street certificate form, so called, with or without any indication of representative capacity. However, unless it receives Instructions to the contrary, the Custodian will register all such portfolio Securities in the name of the Custodian's ’s authorized nominee. All such Securities shall be held in an account of the Custodian containing only assets of the appropriate Fund or only assets held by the Custodian for the benefit of customers, provided that the records of the Custodian shall indicate at all times the Fund or other customer for which such Securities are held in such accounts and the respective interests therein. (3) The Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a Fund in, and each the Fund hereby approves use of: (a) The Depository Trust & Clearing Corporation; (b) any other clearing agency registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) under section 17A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, which acts as a securities depository; and (c) a Federal Reserve Bank or other entity authorized to operate the federal book-entry system described in the regulations of the Department of the Treasury or book-entry systems operated pursuant to comparable regulations of other federal agencies. Upon the receipt of Special Instructions, the Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a Fund in any other domestic clearing agency that may otherwise be authorized by the SEC to serve in the capacity of depository or clearing agent for the Securities or other assets of investment companies and that acts as a Securities depository. Each of the foregoing shall be referred to in this Agreement as a "“Securities System"”, and all such Securities Systems shall be listed on the attached Appendix A. Use of a Securities System shall be in accordance with applicable Federal Reserve Board and SEC rules and regulations, if any, and subject to the following provisions: (i) The Custodian may deposit the Securities directly or through one or more agents or Subcustodians which are also qualified to act as custodians for investment companies. (ii) Securities held in a Securities System shall be subject to any agreements or rules effective between the Securities System and the Custodian or a Subcustodian, as the case may be. (iii) Any Securities deposited or maintained in a Securities System shall be held in an account ("“Account"”) of the Custodian or a Subcustodian in the Securities System that includes only assets held by the Custodian or a Subcustodian as a custodian or otherwise for customers. (iv) The books and records of the Custodian shall at all times identify those Securities belonging to any one or more Funds the Fund which are maintained in a Securities System. (v) The Custodian shall pay for Securities purchased for the account of a Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that such Securities have been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such payment and transfer for the account of such Fund. The Custodian shall transfer Securities sold for the account of a Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that payment for such Securities has been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such transfer and payment for the account of such Fund. Copies of all advices from the Securities System relating to transfers of Securities for the account of a Fund shall be maintained for such Fund by the Custodian. Such copies may be maintained by the Custodian in electronic form. The Custodian shall make available to the Fund or its agent on the next business day, by Electronic Communication, facsimile, or other means reasonably acceptable to both parties, daily transaction activity that shall include each day’s transactions for the account of such Fund. (vi) The Custodian shall, if requested by a Fund pursuant to Instructions, provide such Fund with reports obtained by the Custodian or any Subcustodian with respect to a Securities System's ’s accounting system, internal accounting control and procedures for safeguarding Securities deposited in the Securities System.

Manner of Holding Securities. (1a) The Custodian shall at all times hold Securities securities of each Fund either: or Series (i) by physical possession of the share certificates or other instruments representing such Securities, securities in registered or bearer form; in the vault of the Custodian, Domestic Subcustodian, a Special Custodian, depository or agent of the Custodian; or in an account maintained by the Custodian or agent at a Securities System (as hereinafter defined); form or (ii) in book-entry form by a Securities System System. In addition to the forgoing custody services, Custodian shall also (x) reflect holdings of the Fund or Series in accordance memo postings to the Account based on information provided to the Custodian by a transfer agent or registrar of another investment company (an "Underlying Transfer Agent"), or other representative of the Funds or Series; (y) provide safekeeping services with respect to Loans, by holding documents, certificates and other such instruments, including any schedule of payments ("Financing Documents"), as are delivered pursuant to the provisions terms and conditions of sub-paragraph Appendix F to this Agreement; and (3z) belowprovide safekeeping services with respect to sealed envelopes and other indicia of ownership pursuant to the Custodian’s standard terms and conditions as disclosed to and agreed upon by the Funds. For the avoidance of doubt, (A) an entity acting in the capacity of Underlying Transfer Agent is not an agent or Subcustodian of the Custodian for purposes of this Agreement, and (B) neither Custodian nor any Subcustodian shall be deemed to hold Financing Documents, sealed envelopes or other indicia of ownership in custody. (2b) Upon receipt of Proper Instructions, the Custodian shall open an Account in the name of each Fund or Series and shall hold registered securities of each Fund or Series (i) in the name or any nominee name of the Custodian, a Subcustodian or the Fund or Series, or (ii) in street name. In carrying out the foregoing obligation, the Custodian shall, to the extent permitted by law and, where Custodian deems it advisable based upon any legal advice Custodian has obtained with respect to a particular market and upon other factors the Custodian deems appropriate, hold registered securities of each Fund or Series in such other manner as Custodian deems necessary and appropriate for that market; and provided further that the Custodian shall, on an ongoing basis, provide information that, to the Custodian’s knowledge, is timely and accurate to a Fund and such other persons as a Fund may designate with respect to the registration status of each Fund's securities, and an accurate record of securities held by each Fund and such Fund's respective interest therein. (c) The Custodian may hold registrable portfolio Securities which have been delivered to it in physical formProperty for all of its customers, by registering the same in the name of the appropriate including a Fund or its nominee, or in the name of the Custodian or its nominee, for whose actions such Fund and Custodian, respectively, shall be fully responsible. Upon the receipt of Instructions, the Custodian shall hold such Securities in street certificate form, so calledSeries, with or without any indication of representative capacity. However, unless it receives Instructions to the contrary, the Custodian will register all such portfolio Securities in the name of the Custodian's authorized nominee. All such Securities shall be held Foreign Subcustodian in an account of the Custodian containing only assets of the appropriate Fund or only assets held by Account that is identified as belonging to the Custodian for the benefit of customersits customers or in a depository account, provided including an omnibus account, with an Eligible Securities Depository; provided, however, that (i) the records of the Custodian shall indicate at all times the with respect to Property of any Fund or other customer for which such Securities Series that are held maintained in such accounts and Account or depository account shall identify such Property as belonging to the respective interests therein. (3) The Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a applicable Fund in, and each Fund hereby approves use of: (a) The Depository Trust & Clearing Corporation; (b) any other clearing agency registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) under section 17A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, which acts as a securities depository; or Series and (cii) a Federal Reserve Bank or other entity authorized to operate the federal book-entry system described extent permitted and customary in the regulations of market in which the Department of the Treasury Account or book-entry systems operated pursuant to comparable regulations of other federal agencies. Upon the receipt of Special Instructionsdepository account is maintained, the Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned shall require that Property so held by a Fund in any other domestic clearing agency that may otherwise be authorized by the SEC to serve in the capacity of depository Foreign Subcustodian or clearing agent for the Eligible Securities or other assets of investment companies and that acts as a Securities depository. Each of the foregoing shall be referred to in this Agreement as a "Securities System", and all such Securities Systems shall be listed on the attached Appendix A. Use of a Securities System shall be in accordance with applicable Federal Reserve Board and SEC rules and regulations, if any, and subject to the following provisions: (i) The Custodian may deposit the Securities directly or through one or more agents or Subcustodians which are also qualified to act as custodians for investment companies. (ii) Securities held in a Securities System shall be subject to any agreements or rules effective between the Securities System and the Custodian or a Subcustodian, as the case may be. (iii) Any Securities deposited or maintained in a Securities System shall Depository be held in an account ("Account") separately from any assets of the Custodian or a Subcustodian such Foreign Subcustodian. The Custodian reserves the right to refuse to accept delivery of Property in the Securities System that includes only assets held by the Custodian or a Subcustodian countries and jurisdictions other than those referred to in Schedule A this Agreement, as a custodian or otherwise for customersin effect from time to time. (iv) The books and records of the Custodian shall at all times identify those Securities belonging to any one or more Funds which are maintained in a Securities System. (vd) The Custodian shall pay for send or make available by electronic means to each Fund a written statement, advice or notification of any transfers of any Property of the Fund to or from an Account or an account at an Eligible Securities purchased for Depository (a "depository account"). Each such statement, advice or notification shall identify the account Property transferred and the entity that has custody of the Property. Unless a Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that such Securities have been transferred to the Account of provides the Custodian in accordance with a written exception or objection to any such statement, advice or notification within ninety (90) days of Fund's receipt thereof, the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such payment and transfer for the account of such Fund. The Custodian shall transfer Securities sold for the account of a Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that payment for such Securities has been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such transfer and payment for the account of such Fund. Copies of all advices from the Securities System relating to transfers of Securities for the account of a Fund shall be maintained for deemed to have approved such Fund statement, advice or notification. To the extent permitted by law and the Custodian. Such copies may be maintained by terms of this Agreement, the Custodian in electronic form. The Custodian shall make available to the Fund or its agent on the next business day, by Electronic Communication, facsimile, or other means reasonably acceptable to both parties, daily transaction activity that shall include each day’s transactions not be liable for the account contents of any such statement, advice or notification that has been approved by a Fund. (vi) The Custodian shall, if requested by a Fund pursuant to Instructions, provide such Fund with reports obtained by the Custodian or any Subcustodian with respect to a Securities System's accounting system, internal accounting control and procedures for safeguarding Securities deposited in the Securities System.

Manner of Holding Securities. (1) The Custodian shall at all times hold Securities of each Fund either: (i) by physical possession of the share certificates certificates, subscription agreements or other instruments representing such Securities, Securities in registered or bearer form; in the vault of the Custodian, Domestic Subcustodian, a Special Custodian, depository or agent of the Custodian; or in an account maintained by the Custodian or agent at a Securities System (as hereinafter defined); or (ii) in book-entry form by a Securities System (as hereinafter defined) in accordance with the provisions of sub-paragraph (3) below. (2) The Custodian may hold registrable portfolio Securities which have been delivered to it in physical form, by registering the same in the name of the appropriate Fund or its nominee, or in the name of the Custodian or its nominee, for whose actions such Fund and Custodian, respectively, shall be fully responsible. Upon the receipt of InstructionsInstructions to do so, the Custodian shall hold such Securities in street certificate form, so called, with or without any indication of representative fiduciary capacity. However, unless it receives Instructions to the contrary, the Custodian will register all such portfolio Securities in the name of the Custodian's ’s authorized nominee. All such Securities shall be held in an account of the Custodian containing only assets of the appropriate Fund or only assets held by the Custodian for the benefit of customersas a fiduciary, provided that the records of the Custodian shall indicate at all times the Fund or other customer for which such Securities are held in such accounts and the respective interests therein. (3) The Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a Fund in, and each Fund hereby approves use of: (a) The Depository Trust & Clearing CorporationCompany; and (b) any other clearing agency registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) under section 17A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, which acts as a securities depository; and (c) a Federal Reserve Bank or other entity authorized to operate the federal book-entry system described as provided in (i) Subpart O of Treasury Circular Xx. 000, 00 XXX 306.115, (ii) Subpart B of Treasury Circular Public Debt Series Xx. 00-00, 00 XXX 350.2, or (iii) the regulations of the Department of the Treasury or book-entry systems operated pursuant to comparable regulations of other federal agenciesagencies substantially in the form of 31 CFR 306.115. Upon the receipt of Special InstructionsInstructions to do so, the Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a Fund in any other domestic clearing agency that registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) under Section 17A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (or as may otherwise be authorized by the SEC to serve in the capacity of depository or clearing agent for the Securities or other assets of investment companies and that companies) which acts as a Securities depository. Each of the foregoing shall be referred to in this Agreement as a "“Securities System", ,” and all such Securities Systems shall be listed on the attached Appendix A. Use of a Securities System shall be in accordance with applicable Federal Reserve Board and SEC rules and regulations, if any, and subject to the following provisions: (i) The Custodian may deposit the Securities directly or through one or more agents or Subcustodians which are also qualified to act as custodians for investment companies. (ii) The Custodian shall deposit and/or maintain the Securities held in a Securities System shall be subject to any agreements or rules effective between the System, provided that such Securities System and the Custodian or a Subcustodian, as the case may be. (iii) Any Securities deposited or maintained in a Securities System shall be held are represented in an account ("“Account"”) of the Custodian or a Subcustodian in the Securities System that includes only assets held by the Custodian or a Subcustodian as a fiduciary, custodian or otherwise for the Custodian’s customers. (iviii) The books and records of the Custodian shall at all times identify those Securities belonging to any one or more Funds which are maintained in a Securities System. (viv) The Custodian shall pay for Securities purchased for the account of a Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that such Securities have been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such payment and transfer for the account of such Fund. The Custodian shall transfer Securities sold for the account of a Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that payment for such Securities has been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such transfer and payment for the account of such Fund. Copies of all advices from the Securities System relating to transfers of Securities for the account of a Fund shall be maintained for such Fund by the Custodian. Such copies may be maintained by the Custodian in electronic form. The Custodian shall make available to the Fund or its agent on the next On each business day, by Electronic Communication, facsimilethe Custodian shall deliver to a Fund, or other means reasonably acceptable to both partiesprovide access to, a daily transaction activity report that shall include each all of the previous business day’s transactions in the Securities System for the account of such Fund. Such transaction reports shall be delivered or made available to such Fund or any agent designated by such Fund pursuant to Instructions, by computer or in such other manner as such Fund and Custodian may agree. (viv) The Custodian shall, if requested by a Fund pursuant to Instructions, provide such Fund with reports obtained by the Custodian or any Subcustodian with respect to a Securities System's ’s accounting system, internal accounting control and procedures for safeguarding Securities deposited in the Securities System. (vi) Upon receipt of Special Instructions to do so, the Custodian shall terminate the use of any Securities System on behalf of a Fund as promptly as practicable and shall take all actions reasonably practicable to safeguard the Securities of such Fund maintained with such Securities System. (vii) The Custodian otherwise complies with the requirements of Rule 17f-4 under the 1940 Act.

Manner of Holding Securities. (1) The Custodian shall at all times hold Securities of each the Fund either: (i) by physical possession of the share certificates or other instruments representing such Securities, in registered or bearer form; in the vault of the Custodian, Domestic Subcustodian, a Special Custodian, depository or agent of the Custodian; or in an account maintained by the Custodian or agent at a Securities System (as hereinafter defined); or (ii) in book-entry form by a Securities System in accordance with the provisions of sub-paragraph (3) below. (2) The Custodian may hold registrable portfolio Securities which have been delivered to it in physical form, by registering the same in the name of the appropriate Fund or its nominee, or in the name of the Custodian or its nomineenominee , for whose actions such the Fund and Custodian, respectively, shall be fully responsible. Upon the receipt of Instructions, the Custodian shall hold such Securities in street certificate form, so called, with or without any indication of representative capacity. However, unless it receives Instructions to the contrary, the Custodian will register all such portfolio Securities in the name of the Custodian's authorized nominee. All such Securities shall be held in an account of the Custodian containing only assets of the appropriate Fund or only assets held by the Custodian for the benefit of customers, provided that the records of the Custodian shall indicate at all times the Fund or other customer for which such Securities are held in such accounts and the respective interests therein. (3) The Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a the Fund in, and each the Fund hereby approves use of: (a) The Depository Trust & Clearing Corporation; (b) any other clearing agency registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“"SEC”") under section 17A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, which acts as a securities depositorysecuritiesdepository; and (c) a Federal Reserve Bank or other entity authorized to operate the federal book-entry system described in the regulations of the Department of the Treasury or book-entry systems operated pursuant to comparable regulations of other federal agencies. Upon the receipt of Special Instructions, the Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a the Fund in any other domestic clearing agency that may otherwise be authorized by the SEC to serve in the capacity of depository or clearing agent for the Securities or other assets of investment companies and that acts as a Securities depositorydeposito ry. Each of the foregoing shall be referred to in this Agreement as a "Securities System", ," and all such Securities Systems shall be listed on the attached Appendix A. Use of a Securities System shall be in accordance with applicable Federal Reserve Board and SEC rules and regulations, if any, and subject to the following provisions: (i) The Custodian may deposit the Securities directly or through one or more agents or Subcustodians which are also qualified to act as custodians for investment companies. (ii) Securities held in a Securities System shall be subject to any agreements or rules effective between the Securities System and the Custodian or a Subcustodian, as the case may be. (iii) Any Securities deposited or maintained in a Securities System shall be held in an account ("Account") of the Custodian or a Subcustodian in the Securities System that includes only assets held by the Custodian or a Subcustodian as a custodian or otherwise for customers. (iv) The books and records of the Custodian shall at all times identify those Securities belonging to any one or more Funds the Fund which are maintained in a Securities System. (v) The Custodian shall pay for Securities purchased for the account of a the Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that such Securities have been transferred to the Account of the Custodian Custodi an in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such payment and transfer for the account of such the Fund. The Custodian shall transfer Securities sold for the account of a the Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that payment for such Securities has been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such transfer and payment for the account of such the Fund. Copies of all advices from the Securities System relating to transfers of Securities for the account of a the Fund shall be maintained for such Fund by the Custodian. Such copies may be maintained by the Custodian in electronic form. The Custodian shall make available to the Fund or its agent on the next business day, by Electronic Communication, facsimile, or other means reasonably acceptable to both parties, daily transaction activity that shall include each day’s 's transactions for the account of such the Fund. (vi) The Custodian shall, if requested by a the Fund pursuant to Instructions, provide such the Fund with reports obtained by the Custodian or any Subcustodian with respect to a Securities System's accounting system, internal accounting control and procedures for safeguarding Securities deposited in the Securities System.

Manner of Holding Securities. (1) The Custodian shall at all times hold Securities of each Fund either: (i) by physical possession of the share certificates or other instruments representing such Securities, Securities in registered or bearer form; in the vault of the Custodian, Domestic Subcustodian, a Special Custodian, depository or agent of the Custodian; or in an account maintained by the Custodian or agent at a Securities System (as hereinafter defined); or (ii) in book-entry form by a Securities System (as hereinafter defined) in accordance with the provisions of sub-paragraph (3) below. (2) The Custodian may hold registrable portfolio Securities which have been delivered to it in physical form, by registering the same in the name of the appropriate Fund or its nominee, or in the name of the Custodian or its nominee, for whose actions such Fund and Custodian, respectively, shall be fully responsible. Upon the receipt of Instructions, the Custodian shall hold such Securities in street certificate form, so called, with or without any indication of representative fiduciary capacity. However, unless it receives Instructions to the contrary, the Custodian will register all such portfolio Securities in the name of the Custodian's authorized nominee. All such Securities shall be held in an account of the Custodian containing only assets of the appropriate Fund or only assets held by the Custodian for the benefit of customersas a fiduciary, provided that the records of the Custodian shall indicate at all times the Fund or other customer for which such Securities are held in such accounts and the respective interests therein. (3) The Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a Fund in, and each Fund hereby approves use of: (a) The Depository Trust & Clearing Corporation; Company; (b) any other clearing agency registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) under section 17A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, which acts as a securities depositoryThe Participants Trust Company; and (c) a Federal Reserve Bank or other entity authorized to operate the federal any book-entry system described as provided in (i) Subpart O of Treasury Circular No. 000, 00 XXX 006.115, (ii) Subpart B of Treasury Circular Public Debt Series No. 00-00, 00 XXX 050.2, or (iii) the regulations of the Department of the Treasury or book-entry systems operated pursuant to comparable regulations of other federal agenciesagencies substantially in the form of 31 CFR 306.115. Upon the receipt of Special Instructions, the Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a Fund in any other domestic clearing agency that registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") under Section 17A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (or as may otherwise be authorized by the SEC to serve in the capacity of depository or clearing agent for the Securities or other assets of investment companies and that companies) which acts as a Securities depository. Each of the foregoing shall be referred to in this Agreement as a "Securities System", and all such Securities Systems shall be listed on the attached Appendix A. Use of a Securities System shall be in accordance with applicable Federal Reserve Board and SEC rules and regulations, if any, and subject to the following provisions: (i) The Custodian may deposit the Securities directly or through one or more agents or Subcustodians which are also qualified to act as custodians for investment companies. (ii) The Custodian shall deposit and/or maintain the Securities held in a Securities System shall be subject to any agreements or rules effective between the System, provided that such Securities System and the Custodian or a Subcustodian, as the case may be. (iii) Any Securities deposited or maintained in a Securities System shall be held are represented in an account ("Account") of the Custodian or a Subcustodian in the Securities System that includes only assets held by the Custodian or a Subcustodian as a fiduciary, custodian or otherwise for customers. (iviii) The books and records of the Custodian shall at all times identify those Securities belonging to any one or more Funds which are maintained in a Securities System. (viv) The Custodian shall pay for Securities purchased for the account of a Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that such Securities have been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such payment and transfer for the account of such Fund. The Custodian shall transfer Securities sold for the account of a Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that payment for such Securities has been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such transfer and payment for the account of such Fund. Copies of all advices from the Securities System relating to transfers of Securities for the account of a Fund shall be maintained for such Fund by the Custodian. Such copies may be maintained by the Custodian in electronic form. The Custodian shall make available deliver to the Fund or its agent a Fund, on the next succeeding business day, by Electronic Communication, facsimile, or other means reasonably acceptable to both parties, daily transaction activity reports that shall include each day’s 's transactions in the Securities System for the account of such Fund. Such transaction reports shall be delivered to such Fund or any agent designated by such Fund pursuant to Instructions, by computer or in such other manner as such Fund and Custodian may agree. (viv) The Custodian shall, if requested by a Fund pursuant to Instructions, provide such Fund with reports obtained by the Custodian or any Subcustodian with respect to a Securities System's accounting system, internal accounting control and procedures for safeguarding Securities deposited in the Securities System. (vi) Upon receipt of Special Instructions, the Custodian shall terminate the use of any Securities System on behalf of a Fund as promptly as practicable and shall take all actions reasonably practicable to safeguard the Securities of such Fund maintained with such Securities System.

Manner of Holding Securities. (1) The Custodian shall at all times hold Securities of each Fund either: (i) by physical possession of the share certificates or other instruments representing such Securities, in registered or bearer form; in the vault of the Custodian, Domestic Subcustodian, a Special Custodian, depository or agent of the Custodian; or in an account maintained by the Custodian or agent at a Securities System (as hereinafter defined); or (ii) in book-entry book‑entry form by a Securities System in accordance with the provisions of sub-paragraph sub‑paragraph (3) below. (2) The Custodian may hold registrable portfolio Securities which have been delivered to it in physical form, by registering the same in the name of the appropriate Fund or its nominee, or in the name of the Custodian or its nominee, for whose actions such Fund and Custodian, respectively, shall be fully responsible. Upon the receipt of Instructions, the The Custodian shall may also hold such Securities in street certificate form, so called, with or without any indication of representative capacity. However, unless it receives Instructions to the contrary, the Custodian will register all such portfolio Securities in the name of the Custodian's authorized nominee. All such Securities shall be held in an account of the Custodian containing only assets of the appropriate Fund or only assets held by the Custodian for the benefit of customers, provided that the records of the Custodian shall indicate at all times the Fund or other customer for which such Securities are held in such accounts and the respective interests therein. (3) The Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a Fund in, and each Fund hereby approves use of: (a) The Depository Trust & Clearing Corporation; (b) any other clearing agency registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“"SEC”") under section 17A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, which acts as a securities depository; and (c) a Federal Reserve Bank or other entity authorized to operate the federal book-entry system described in the regulations of the Department of the Treasury or book-entry systems operated pursuant to comparable regulations of other federal agencies. Upon the receipt of Special Instructions, the Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a Fund in any other domestic clearing agency that may otherwise be authorized by the SEC to serve in the capacity of depository or clearing agent for the Securities or other assets of investment companies and that acts as a Securities depository. Each of the foregoing shall be referred to in this Agreement as a "Securities System", and all such Securities Systems shall be listed on the attached Appendix A. Use of a Securities System shall be in accordance with applicable Federal Reserve Board and SEC rules and regulations, if any, and subject to the following provisions: (i) The Custodian may deposit the Securities directly or through one or more agents or Subcustodians which are also qualified to act as custodians for investment companies. (ii) Securities held in a Securities System shall be subject to any agreements or rules effective between the Securities System and the Custodian or a Subcustodian, as the case may be. (iii) Any Securities deposited or maintained in a Securities System shall be held in an account ("Account") of the Custodian or a Subcustodian in the Securities System that includes only assets held by the Custodian or a Subcustodian as a custodian or otherwise for customers. (iv) The books and records of the Custodian shall at all times identify those Securities belonging to any one or more Funds which are maintained in a Securities System. (v) The Custodian shall pay for Securities purchased for the account of a Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that such Securities have been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such payment and transfer for the account of such Fund. The Custodian shall transfer Securities sold for the account of a Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that payment for such Securities has been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such transfer and payment for the account of such Fund. Copies of all advices from the Securities System relating to transfers of Securities for the account of a Fund shall be maintained for such Fund by the Custodian. Such copies may be maintained by the Custodian in electronic form. The Custodian shall make available to the Fund or its agent on the next business day, by Electronic Communication, data file, facsimile, or other means reasonably acceptable to both parties, daily transaction activity that shall include each day’s 's transactions for the account of such Fund. (vi) The Custodian shall, if requested by a Fund pursuant to Instructions, provide such Fund with reports obtained by the Custodian or any Subcustodian with respect to a Securities System's accounting system, internal accounting control and procedures for safeguarding Securities deposited in the Securities System. (vii) The Custodian otherwise complies with the requirements of Rule 17f-4 under the 1940 Act.

Manner of Holding Securities. (1) The Custodian shall at all times hold Securities of each Fund Portfolio either: (i) by physical possession of the share certificates or other instruments representing such Securities, Securities in registered or bearer form; in the vault of the Custodian, Domestic Subcustodian, a Special Custodian, depository or agent of the Custodian; or in an account maintained by the Custodian or agent at a Securities System (as hereinafter defined); or (ii) in book-entry form by a Securities System (as hereinafter defined) in accordance with the provisions of sub-paragraph (3) below. (2) The Custodian may hold registrable registerable portfolio Securities which have been delivered to it in physical form, by registering the same in the name of the appropriate Fund Portfolio or its nominee, or in the name of the Custodian or its nominee, for whose actions such Fund Portfolio and Custodian, respectively, shall be fully responsible. Upon the receipt of Instructions, the Custodian shall hold such Securities in street certificate form, so called, with or without any indication of representative fiduciary capacity. However, unless it receives Instructions to the contrary, the Custodian will register all such portfolio Securities in the name of the Custodian's authorized nominee. All such Securities shall be held in an account of the Custodian containing only assets of the appropriate Fund Portfolio or only assets held by the Custodian for the benefit of customersas a fiduciary, provided that the records of the Custodian shall indicate at all times the Fund Portfolio or other customer for which such Securities are held in such accounts and the respective interests therein. (3) The Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a Fund Portfolio in, and each the Fund hereby approves use of: (a) The Depository Trust & Clearing Corporation; Company; (b) any other clearing agency registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) under section 17A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, which acts as a securities depositoryThe Participants Trust Company; and (c) a Federal Reserve Bank or other entity authorized to operate the federal any book-entry system described as provided in (i) Subpart O of Treasury Circular Xx. 000, 00 XXX 306.115, (ii) Subpart B of Treasury Circular Public Debt Series Xx. 00-00, 00 XXX 350.2, or (iii) the regulations of the Department of the Treasury or book-entry systems operated pursuant to comparable regulations of other federal agenciesagencies substantially in the form of 31 CFR 306.115. Upon the receipt of Special Instructions, the Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a Fund Portfolio in any other domestic clearing agency that registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") under Section 17A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (or as may otherwise be authorized by the SEC to serve in the capacity of depository or clearing agent for the Securities or other assets of investment companies and that companies) which acts as a Securities depository. Each of the foregoing shall be referred to in this Agreement as a "Securities System", and all such Securities Systems shall be listed on the attached Appendix A. Use of a Securities System shall be in accordance with applicable Federal Reserve Board and SEC rules and regulations, if any, and subject to the following provisions: (i) The Custodian may deposit the Securities directly or through one or more agents or Subcustodians which are also qualified to act as custodians for investment companies. (ii) The Custodian shall deposit and/or maintain the Securities held in a Securities System shall be subject to any agreements or rules effective between the System, provided that such Securities System and the Custodian or a Subcustodian, as the case may be. (iii) Any Securities deposited or maintained in a Securities System shall be held are represented in an account ("Account") of the Custodian or a Subcustodian in the Securities System that includes only assets held by the Custodian or a Subcustodian as a fiduciary, custodian or otherwise for customers. (iviii) The books and records of the Custodian shall at all times identify those Securities belonging to any one or more Funds Portfolios which are maintained in a Securities System. (viv) The Custodian shall pay for Securities purchased for the account of a Fund Portfolio only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that such Securities have been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such payment and transfer for the account of such FundPortfolio. The Custodian shall transfer Securities sold for the account of a Fund Portfolio only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that payment for such Securities has been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such transfer and payment for the account of such FundPortfolio. Copies of all advices from the Securities System relating to transfers of Securities for the account of a Fund Portfolio shall be maintained for such Fund Portfolio by the Custodian. Such copies may be maintained by the Custodian in electronic form. The Custodian shall make available deliver to the Fund or its agent a Portfolio on the next succeeding business day, by Electronic Communication, facsimile, or other means reasonably acceptable to both parties, day daily transaction activity reports that shall include each day’s 's transactions in the Securities System for the account of such FundPortfolio. Such transaction reports shall be delivered to such Portfolio or any agent designated by the Fund pursuant to Instructions, by computer or in such other manner as the Fund and Custodian may agree. (viv) The Custodian shall, if requested by a the Fund pursuant to Instructions, provide such Fund a Portfolio with reports obtained by the Custodian or any Subcustodian with respect to a Securities System's accounting system, internal accounting control and procedures for safeguarding Securities deposited in the Securities System. (vi) Upon receipt of Special Instructions, the Custodian shall terminate the use of any Securities System on behalf of a Portfolio as promptly as practicable and shall take all actions reasonably practicable to safeguard the Securities of such Portfolio maintained with such Securities System.

Manner of Holding Securities. (1) The Custodian shall at all times hold Securities of each Fund either: (i) by physical possession of the share certificates or other instruments representing such Securities, Securities in registered or bearer form; in the vault of the Custodian, Domestic Subcustodian, a Special Custodian, depository or agent of the Custodian; or in an account maintained by the Custodian or agent at a Securities System (as hereinafter defined); or (ii) in book-entry form by a Securities System (as hereinafter defined) in accordance with the provisions of sub-paragraph (3) below. (2) The Custodian may hold registrable portfolio Securities which have been delivered to it in physical form, by registering the same in the name of the appropriate Fund or its nominee, or in the name of the Custodian or its nominee, for whose actions such Fund and Custodian, respectively, shall be fully responsible. Upon the receipt of Instructions, the Custodian shall hold such Securities in street certificate form, so called, with or without any indication of representative fiduciary capacity. However, unless it receives Instructions to the contrary, the Custodian will register all such portfolio Securities in the name of the Custodian's authorized nominee. All such Securities shall be held in an account of the Custodian containing only assets of the appropriate Fund or only assets held by the Custodian for the benefit of customersas a fiduciary, provided that the records of the Custodian shall indicate at all times the Fund or other customer for which such Securities are held in such accounts and the respective interests therein. (3) The Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a Fund in, and each Fund hereby approves use of: (a) The Depository Trust & Clearing CorporationCompany; (b) any other clearing agency registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) under section 17A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, which acts as a securities depositoryThe Participants Trust Company; and (c) a Federal Reserve Bank or other entity authorized to operate the federal any book-entry system described as provided in (i) Subpart O of Treasury Circular Xx. 000, 00 XXX 306.115, (ii) Subpart B of Treasury Circular Public Debt Series Xx. 00-00, 00 XXX 350.2, or (iii) the regulations of the Department of the Treasury or book-entry systems operated pursuant to comparable regulations of other federal agenciesagencies substantially in the form of 31 CFR 306.115. Upon the receipt of Special Instructions, the Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a Fund in any other domestic clearing agency that registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") under Section 17A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (or as may otherwise be authorized by the SEC to serve in the capacity of depository or clearing agent for the Securities or other assets of investment companies and that companies) which acts as a Securities depository. Each of the foregoing shall be referred to in this th is Agreement as a "Securities System", and all such Securities Systems shall be listed on the attached Appendix A. Use of a Securities System shall be in accordance with applicable Federal Reserve Board and SEC rules and regulations, if any, and subject to the following provisions: (i) The Custodian may deposit the Securities directly or through one or more agents or Subcustodians which are also qualified to act as custodians for investment companies. (ii) The Custodian shall deposit and/or maintain the Securities held in a Securities System shall be subject to any agreements or rules effective between the System, provided that such Securities System and the Custodian or a Subcustodian, as the case may be. (iii) Any Securities deposited or maintained in a Securities System shall be held are represented in an account ("Account") of the Custodian or a Subcustodian in the Securities System that includes only assets held by the Custodian or a Subcustodian as a fiduciary, custodian or otherwise for customers. (iviii) The books and records of the Custodian shall at all times identify those Securities belonging to any one or more Funds which are maintained in a Securities System. (viv) The Custodian shall pay for Securities purchased for the account of a Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that such Securities have been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such payment and transfer for the account of such Fund. The Custodian shall transfer Securities sold for the account of a Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that payment for such Securities has been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such transfer and payment for the account of such Fund. Copies of all advices from the Securities System relating to transfers of Securities for the account of a Fund shall be maintained for such Fund by the Custodian. Such copies may be maintained by the Custodian in electronic form. The Custodian shall make available deliver to the a Fund or its agent on o n the next succeeding business day, by Electronic Communication, facsimile, or other means reasonably acceptable to both parties, day daily transaction activity reports that shall include each day’s 's transactions in the Securities System for the account of such Fund. Such transaction reports shall be delivered to such Fund or any agent designated by such Fund pursuant to Instructions, by computer or in such other manner as such Fund and Custodian may agree. (viv) The Custodian shall, if requested by a Fund pursuant to Instructions, provide such Fund with reports obtained by the Custodian or any Subcustodian with respect to a Securities System's accounting system, internal accounting control and procedures for safeguarding Securities deposited in the Securities System. (vi) Upon receipt of Special Instructions, the Custodian shall terminate the use of any Securities System on behalf of a Fund as promptly as practicable and shall take all actions reasonably practicable to safeguard the Securities of such Fund maintained with such Securities System.

Manner of Holding Securities. (1) The Custodian shall at all times hold Securities of each Fund either: (i) by physical possession of the share certificates or other instruments representing such Securities, Securities in registered or bearer form; in the vault of the Custodian, Domestic Subcustodian, a Special Custodian, depository or agent of the Custodian; or in an account maintained by the Custodian or agent at a Securities System (as hereinafter defined); or (ii) in book-entry form by a Securities System (as hereinafter defined) in accordance with the provisions of sub-paragraph (3) below. (2) The Custodian may hold registrable portfolio Securities which have been delivered to it in physical form, by registering the same in the name of the appropriate Fund or its nominee, or in the name of the Custodian or its nominee, for whose actions such Fund and Custodian, respectively, shall be fully responsible. Upon the receipt of Instructions, the Custodian shall hold such Securities in street certificate form, so called, with or without any indication of representative fiduciary capacity. However, unless it receives Instructions to the contrary, the Custodian will register all such portfolio Securities in the name of the Custodian's authorized nominee. All such Securities shall be held in an account of the Custodian containing only assets of the appropriate Fund or only assets held by the Custodian for the benefit of customersas a fiduciary, provided that the records of the Custodian shall indicate at all times the Fund or other customer for which such Securities are held in such accounts and the respective interests therein. (3) The Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a Fund in, and each Fund hereby approves use of: (a) The Depository Trust & Clearing Corporation; Company; (b) any other clearing agency registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) under section 17A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, which acts as a securities depositoryThe Participants Trust Company; and (c) a Federal Reserve Bank or other entity authorized to operate the federal any book-entry system described as provided in (i) Subpart O of Treasury Circular No. 300, 31 CFR 306.115, (ii) Subpart B of Treasury Cirxxxxx Xxxxxx Xxxx Xxries No. 27-76, 31 CFR 350.2, or (iii) the regulations of the Department of the Treasury or book-entry systems operated pursuant to comparable regulations regulatxxxx xx xxxxxxx agencies substantially in the form of other federal agencies31 CFR 306.115. Upon the receipt of Special Instructions, the Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a Fund in any other domestic clearing agency that registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") under Section 17A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (or as may otherwise be authorized by the SEC to serve in the capacity of depository or clearing agent for the Securities or other assets of investment companies and that companies) which acts as a Securities depository. Each of the foregoing shall be referred to in this Agreement as a "Securities System", and all such Securities Systems shall be listed on the attached Appendix A. Use of a Securities System shall be in accordance with applicable Federal Reserve Board and SEC rules and regulations, if any, and subject to the following provisions: (i) The Custodian may deposit the Securities directly or through one or more agents or Subcustodians which are also qualified to act as custodians for investment companies. (ii) The Custodian shall deposit and/or maintain the Securities held in a Securities System shall be subject to any agreements or rules effective between the System, provided that such Securities System and the Custodian or a Subcustodian, as the case may be. (iii) Any Securities deposited or maintained in a Securities System shall be held are represented in an account ("Account") of the Custodian or a Subcustodian in the Securities System that includes only assets held by the Custodian or a Subcustodian as a fiduciary, custodian or otherwise for customers. (iviii) The books and records of the Custodian shall at all times identify those Securities belonging to any one or more Funds which are maintained in a Securities System. (viv) The Custodian shall pay for Securities purchased for the account of a Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that such Securities have been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such payment and transfer for the account of such Fund. The Custodian shall transfer Securities sold for the account of a Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that payment for such Securities has been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such transfer and payment for the account of such Fund. Copies of all advices from the Securities System relating to transfers of Securities for the account of a Fund shall be maintained for such Fund by the Custodian. Such copies may be maintained by the Custodian in electronic form. The Custodian shall make available deliver to the a Fund or its agent on the next succeeding business day, by Electronic Communication, facsimile, or other means reasonably acceptable to both parties, day daily transaction activity reports that shall include each day’s 's transactions in the Securities System for the account of such Fund. Such transaction reports shall be delivered to such Fund or any agent designated by such Fund pursuant to Instructions, by computer or in such other manner as such Fund and Custodian may agree. (viv) The Custodian shall, if requested by a Fund pursuant to Instructions, provide such Fund with reports obtained by the Custodian or any Subcustodian with respect to a Securities System's accounting system, internal accounting control and procedures for safeguarding Securities deposited in the Securities System. (vi) Upon receipt of Special Instructions, the Custodian shall terminate the use of any Securities System on behalf of a Fund as promptly as practicable and shall take all actions reasonably practicable to safeguard the Securities of such Fund maintained with such Securities System.

Manner of Holding Securities. (1) The Custodian shall at all times hold Securities of each Fund either: (i) by physical possession of the share certificates or other instruments representing such Securities, Securities in registered or bearer form; in the vault of the Custodian, Domestic Subcustodian, a Special Custodian, depository or agent of the Custodian; or in an account maintained by the Custodian or agent at a Securities System (as hereinafter defined); or (ii) in book-entry form by a Securities System (as hereinafter defined) in accordance with the provisions of sub-paragraph (3) below. (2) The Custodian may hold registrable portfolio Securities which have been delivered to it in physical form, by registering the same in the name of the appropriate Fund or its nominee, or in the name of the Custodian or its nominee, for whose actions such Fund and Custodian, respectively, shall be fully responsible. Upon the receipt of Instructions, the Custodian shall hold such Securities in street certificate form, so called, with or without any indication of representative fiduciary capacity. However, unless it receives Instructions to the contrary, the Custodian will register all such portfolio Securities in the name of the Custodian's authorized nominee. All such Securities shall be held in an account of the Custodian containing only assets of the appropriate Fund or only assets held by the Custodian for the benefit of customersas a fiduciary, provided that the records of the Custodian shall indicate at all times the Fund or other customer for which such Securities are held in such accounts and the respective interests therein. (3) The Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a Fund in, and each Fund hereby approves use of: (a) The Depository Trust & Clearing CorporationCompany; (b) any other clearing agency registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) under section 17A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, which acts as a securities depositoryThe Participants Trust Company; and (c) a Federal Reserve Bank or other entity authorized to operate the federal any book-entry system described as provided in (i) Subpart O of Treasury Circular Xx. 000, 00 XXX 306.115, (ii) Subpart B of Treasury Circular Public Debt Series Xx. 00-00, 00 XXX 350.2, or (iii) the regulations of the Department of the Treasury or book-entry systems operated pursuant to comparable regulations of other federal agenciesagencies substantially in the form of 31 CFR 306.115. Upon the receipt of Special Instructions, the Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a Fund in any other domestic clearing agency that registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") under Section 17A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (or as may otherwise be authorized by the SEC to serve in the capacity of depository or clearing agent for the Securities or other assets of investment companies and that companies) which acts as a Securities depository. Each of the foregoing shall be referred to in this Agreement as a "Securities System", and all such Securities Systems shall be listed on the attached Appendix A. Use of a Securities System shall be in accordance with applicable Federal Reserve Board and SEC rules and regulations, if any, and subject to the following provisions: (i) The Custodian may deposit the Securities directly or through one or more agents or Subcustodians which are also qualified to act as custodians for investment companies. (ii) The Custodian shall deposit and/or maintain the Securities held in a Securities System shall be subject to any agreements or rules effective between the System, provided that such Securities System and the Custodian or a Subcustodian, as the case may be. (iii) Any Securities deposited or maintained in a Securities System shall be held are represented in an account ("Account") of the Custodian or a Subcustodian in the Securities System that includes only assets held by the Custodian or a Subcustodian as a fiduciary, custodian or otherwise for customers. (iviii) The books and records of the Custodian shall at all times identify those Securities belonging to any one or more Funds which are maintained in a Securities System. (viv) The Custodian shall pay for Securities purchased for the account of a Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that such Securities have been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such payment and transfer for the account of such Fund. The Custodian shall transfer Securities sold for the account of a Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that payment for such Securities has been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such transfer and payment for the account of such Fund. Copies of all advices from the Securities System relating to transfers of Securities for the account of a Fund shall be maintained for such Fund by the Custodian. Such copies may be maintained by the Custodian in electronic form. The Custodian shall make available deliver to the each Fund or its agent on the next succeeding business day, by Electronic Communication, facsimile, or other means reasonably acceptable to both parties, day daily transaction activity reports that shall include each day’s 's transactions in the Securities System for the account of such Fund. Such transaction reports shall be delivered to such Fund or any agent designated by such Fund pursuant to Instructions, by computer or in such other manner as such Fund and Custodian may agree. (viv) The Custodian shall, if requested by a Fund pursuant to Instructions, provide such Fund with reports obtained by the Custodian or any Subcustodian with respect to a Securities System's accounting system, internal accounting control and procedures for safeguarding Securities deposited in the Securities System. (vi) Upon receipt of Special Instructions, the Custodian shall terminate the use of any Securities System on behalf of a Fund as promptly as practicable and shall take all actions reasonably practicable to safeguard the Securities of such Fund maintained with such Securities System.

Manner of Holding Securities. (1) The Subject to Article VI below, the Custodian shall at all times hold Securities of each the Fund either: (i) either by physical possession of the share certificates or other instruments representing such Securities, Securities in registered or bearer form; in , subject to the vault of the Custodian, Domestic Subcustodian, a Special Custodian, depository or agent of the Custodian; or in an account maintained by the Custodian or agent at a Securities System (as hereinafter defined); or (ii) in book-entry form by a Securities System in accordance with the provisions of sub-paragraph (3) below.following provisions: (2a) The Custodian may hold registrable portfolio Securities which have been delivered to it in physical form, by registering the same in the name of the appropriate Fund or its nominee, or in the name of the Custodian or its nominee, for whose actions such Fund and Custodian, respectively, shall be fully responsible. Upon the receipt of Proper Instructions, the Custodian shall hold such Securities in street certificate form, so called, with or without any indication of representative fiduciary capacity. HoweverThe Custodian will hold such securities in the Fund’s name, unless it receives Instructions to the contraryunless, however, the Custodian will receives Proper Instructions to register all such portfolio Securities in the name of the Custodian's ’s authorized nominee. All such Securities shall be held in an account of the Custodian containing only assets of the appropriate Fund or only assets held by the Custodian for the benefit of customersas a fiduciary, provided that the records of the Custodian shall indicate at all times the Fund or other customer for which such Securities are held in such accounts and the respective interests therein. (3b) The Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a Fund in, and each Fund hereby approves use of: (a) The Depository Trust & Clearing Corporation; (b) any other clearing agency registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) under section 17A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, which acts as a securities depository; and (c) a Federal Reserve Bank or other entity authorized to operate the federal book-entry system described in the regulations of the Department of the Treasury or book-entry systems operated pursuant to comparable regulations of other federal agencies. Upon the receipt of Special Instructions, the Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a Fund in any other domestic clearing agency that may otherwise be authorized by the SEC to serve in the capacity of depository or clearing agent for the Securities or other assets of investment companies and that acts as a Securities depository. Each of the foregoing shall be referred to Depository or in this Agreement as a "Securities Book-Entry System", and all such Securities Systems shall be listed on the attached Appendix A. Use of a Securities System shall be in accordance with applicable Federal Reserve Board and SEC rules and regulations, if any, and subject to the following provisions: (i) The Custodian may Custodian, on an on-going basis, shall deposit in a Securities Depository or Book-Entry System all Securities eligible for deposit therein and shall make use of such Securities Depository or Book-Entry System to the Securities directly or through one or more agents or Subcustodians which are also qualified to act as custodians for investment companiesextent possible and practical in connection with its performance hereunder, including, without limitation, in connection with settlements of purchases and sales of Securities, loans of Securities, and deliveries and returns of collateral consisting of Securities. (ii) Securities held of the Fund kept in a Book-Entry System or Securities System Depository shall be subject to any agreements or rules effective between the Securities System and the Custodian or a Subcustodian, as the case may be. (iii) Any Securities deposited or maintained in a Securities System shall be held kept in an account ("“Depository Account"”) of the Custodian in such Book-Entry System or a Subcustodian in the Securities System that Depository which includes only assets held by the Custodian or a Subcustodian as a fiduciary, custodian or otherwise for customers. (iviii) The books and records of the Custodian shall at all times identify those with respect to Securities belonging to any one or more Funds which are of the Fund maintained in a Book-Entry System or Securities SystemDepository shall, by book-entry, identify such Securities as belonging to the Fund. (viv) The If Securities purchased by the Fund are to be held in a Book-Entry System or Securities Depository, the Custodian shall pay for such Securities purchased for the account of a Fund only upon (ai) receipt of advice from the Book-Entry System or Securities System Depository that such Securities have been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities SystemDepository Account, and (bii) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such payment and transfer for the account of such the Fund. The If Securities sold by the Fund are held in a Book-Entry System or Securities Depository, the Custodian shall transfer such Securities sold for the account of a Fund only upon (ai) receipt of advice from the Book-Entry System or Securities System Depository that payment for such Securities has been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities SystemDepository Account, and (bii) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such transfer and payment for the account of such Fund. Copies of all advices from the Securities System relating to transfers of Securities for the account of a Fund shall be maintained for such Fund by the Custodian. Such copies may be maintained by the Custodian in electronic form. The Custodian shall make available to the Fund or its agent on the next business day, by Electronic Communication, facsimile, or other means reasonably acceptable to both parties, daily transaction activity that shall include each day’s transactions for the account of such Fund. (viv) The Custodian shall, if requested by a Fund pursuant to Instructions, shall provide such Fund the Company with reports copies of any report (obtained by the Custodian from a Book-Entry System or any Subcustodian with respect to a Securities System's accounting system, Depository in which Securities of the Fund are kept) on the internal accounting control controls and procedures for safeguarding Securities deposited in such Book-Entry System or Securities Depository. (vi) Anything to the contrary in this Agreement notwithstanding, the Custodian shall be liable to the Company for any loss or damage to the Fund resulting (i) from the use of a Book-Entry System or Securities SystemDepository by reason of any negligence, reckless disregard, bad faith, fraud or willful misconduct on the part of Custodian or any Sub-Custodian appointed pursuant to Section 3.3 above or any of its or their employees, or (ii) from failure of Custodian or any such Sub-Custodian to enforce effectively such rights as it may have against a Book-Entry System or Securities Depository. At its election, the Company shall be subrogated to the rights of the Custodian with respect to any claim against a Book-Entry System or Securities Depository or any other person from any loss or damage to the Fund arising from the use of such Book-Entry System or Securities Depository, if and to the extent that the Fund has not been made whole for any such loss or damage. (vii) With respect to its responsibilities under this Section 3.5 and pursuant to Rule 17f-4 under the 1940 Act, the Custodian hereby warrants to the Company that it agrees to (i) exercise due care in accordance with reasonable commercial standards in discharging its duty as a securities intermediary to obtain and thereafter maintain such assets; (ii) provide, promptly upon request by the Company, such reports as are available concerning the Custodian’s internal accounting controls and financial strength; and (iii) require any Sub-Custodian to exercise due care in accordance with reasonable commercial standards in discharging its duty as a securities intermediary to obtain and thereafter maintain assets corresponding to the security entitlements of its entitlement holders.

Manner of Holding Securities. 4 (1) The Custodian shall at all times hold Securities of each Fund either: (i) by physical possession of the share certificates or other instruments representing such Securities, in registered or bearer form; in the vault of the Custodian, Domestic Subcustodian, a Special Custodian, depository or agent of the Custodian; or in an account maintained by the Custodian or agent at a Securities System (as hereinafter defined); or (ii) in book-entry form by a Securities System in accordance with the provisions of sub-paragraph (3) below. (2) The Custodian may hold registrable portfolio Securities which have been delivered to it in physical form, by registering the same in the name of the appropriate Fund or its nominee, or in the name of the Custodian or its nominee, for whose actions such Fund and Custodian, respectively, shall be fully responsible. Upon the receipt of Instructions, the Custodian shall hold such Securities in street certificate form, so called, with or without any indication of representative capacity. However, unless it receives Instructions to the contrary, the Custodian will register all such portfolio Securities in the name of the Custodian's authorized nominee. All such Securities shall be held in an account of the ofthe Custodian containing only assets of the appropriate Fund or only assets held by the Custodian for the benefit of customers, provided that the records of the Custodian shall indicate at all times the Fund or other customer for which such Securities are held in such accounts and the respective interests therein. (3) The Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a Fund in, and each Fund the Trust hereby approves use of: (a) The Depository Trust & Clearing Corporation; (b) any other clearing agency registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“"SEC”") under section 17A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, which acts as a securities depository; and (c) a Federal Reserve Bank or other entity authorized to operate the federal book-entry system described in the regulations of the Department of the Treasury or book-entry systems operated pursuant to comparable regulations of other federal agencies. Upon the receipt of Special Instructions, the Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a Fund in any other domestic clearing agency that may otherwise be authorized by the SEC to serve in the capacity of depository or clearing agent for the Securities or other assets of investment companies and that acts as a Securities depository. Each of the foregoing shall be referred to in this Agreement as a "Securities System", and all such Securities Systems shall be listed on the attached Appendix A. Use of a Securities System shall be in accordance with applicable Federal Reserve Board and SEC rules and regulations, if any, and subject to the following provisions: : (i) The Custodian may deposit the Securities directly or through one or more agents or Subcustodians which are also qualified to act as custodians for investment companies. (ii) Securities held in a Securities System shall be subject to any agreements or rules effective between the Securities System and the Custodian or a Subcustodian, as the case may be. (iii) Any Securities deposited or maintained in a Securities System shall be held in an account ("Account") of the Custodian or a Subcustodian in the Securities System that includes only assets held by the Custodian or a Subcustodian as a custodian or otherwise for customers. (iv) The books and records of the Custodian shall at all times identify those Securities belonging to any one or more Funds which are maintained in a Securities System. (v) The Custodian shall pay for Securities purchased for the account of a Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that such Securities have been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such payment and transfer for the account of such Fund. The Custodian shall transfer Securities sold for the account of a Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that payment for such Securities has been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such transfer and payment for the account of such Fund. Copies of all advices from the Securities System relating to transfers of Securities for the account of a Fund shall be maintained for such Fund by the Custodian. Such copies may be maintained by the Custodian in electronic form. The Custodian shall make available to the Fund or its agent on the next business day, by Electronic Communication, facsimile, or other means reasonably acceptable to both parties, daily transaction activity that shall include each day’s transactions for the account of such Fund. (vi) The Custodian shall, if requested by a Fund pursuant to Instructions, provide such Fund with reports obtained by the Custodian or any Subcustodian with respect to a Securities System's accounting system, internal accounting control and procedures for safeguarding Securities deposited in the Securities System.

Manner of Holding Securities. (1) The Custodian shall at all times hold Securities of each Fund either: (i) by physical possession of the share certificates or other instruments representing such SecuritiesSecurities (such as, in the case of Underlying Shares, documents evidencing a Fund’s interest in such Underlying Shares), in registered or bearer form; , in the vault of the Custodian, Domestic Subcustodian, a Special Custodian, depository or agent of the Custodian; , or in an account maintained by the Custodian or agent at a Securities System (as hereinafter defined); or (ii) in book-entry form by a Securities System in accordance with the provisions of sub-paragraph (3) below. (2) The Custodian may hold registrable portfolio Securities which have been delivered to it in physical form, form or Underlying Shares by registering the same in the name of the appropriate Fund or its nominee, or in the name of the Custodian or its nominee, for whose actions such Fund and Custodian, respectively, shall be fully responsible. Upon the receipt of Instructions, the The Custodian shall also may hold such Securities in street certificate form, so called, with or without any indication of representative capacity. However, unless it receives Instructions to the contrary, the Custodian will register all such portfolio Securities in the name of the Custodian's ’s authorized nominee. All such Securities shall be held in an a segregated account of the Custodian containing only assets of the appropriate Fund or only assets held by the Custodian for the benefit of customers, provided that the records of the Custodian shall indicate at all times the Fund or other customer for which such Securities are held in such accounts and the respective interests therein. (3) The Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a Fund in, and each Fund hereby approves use of: (a) The Depository Trust & Clearing Corporation; (b) any other clearing agency registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) under section 17A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, which acts as a securities depository; and (c) a Federal Reserve Bank or other entity authorized to operate the federal book-entry system described in the regulations of the Department of the Treasury or book-entry systems operated pursuant to comparable regulations of other federal agencies. Upon the receipt of Special Instructions, the Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a Fund in any other domestic clearing agency that may otherwise be authorized by the SEC to serve in the capacity of depository or clearing agent for the Securities or other assets of investment companies and that acts as a Securities depository. Each of the foregoing shall be referred to in this Agreement as a "“Securities System"”, and all such Securities Systems shall be listed on the attached Appendix A. Use of a Securities System shall be in accordance with applicable Federal Reserve Board and SEC rules and regulations, if anyincluding without limitation Rule 17f-4 under the Investment Company Act, and subject to the following provisions: (i) The Custodian may deposit the Securities directly or through one or more agents or Subcustodians which are also qualified to act as custodians for investment companies. (ii) Securities held in a Securities System shall be subject to any agreements or rules effective between the Securities System and the Custodian or a Subcustodian, as the case may be. (iii) Any Securities deposited or maintained in a Securities System shall be held in an account ("“Account"”) of the Custodian or a Subcustodian in the Securities System that includes only assets held by the Custodian or a Subcustodian as a custodian or otherwise for customers. (iv) The books and records of the Custodian shall at all times identify those Securities belonging to any one or more Funds which are maintained in a Securities System. (v) The Custodian shall pay for Securities purchased for the account of a Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that such Securities have been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such payment and transfer for the account of such Fund. The Custodian shall transfer Securities sold for the account of a Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that payment for such Securities has been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such transfer and payment for the account of such Fund. Copies of all advices from the Securities System relating to transfers of Securities for the account of a Fund shall be maintained for such Fund by the Custodian. Such copies may be maintained by the Custodian in electronic form. The Custodian shall make available to the Fund or its agent on the next business day, by Electronic Communication, facsimile, or other means reasonably acceptable to both parties, daily transaction activity that shall include each day’s transactions for the account of such Fund. (vi) The Custodian shall provide each Fund with reports required to be furnished to the Fund pursuant to Rule 17f-4 under the Investment Company Act and such other reports as from time to time may be agreed upon by the Custodian and the Fund. Without limiting the foregoing, the Custodian shall provide to each Fund: (a) sub-certifications in connection with Sxxxxxxx-Xxxxx Act of 2002 certification requirements; and (b) periodic reports in such form reasonably agreed to by the parties with respect to the services hereunder and the Custodian's compliance with its operating policies and procedures. (vii) The Custodian shall, if requested by a Fund pursuant to Instructions, provide such Fund with reports obtained by the Custodian or any Subcustodian with respect to a Securities System's ’s accounting system, internal accounting control and procedures for safeguarding Securities deposited in the Securities System.

Manner of Holding Securities. (1) The Custodian shall at all times hold Securities of each Fund either: (i) by physical possession of the share certificates or other instruments representing such Securities, Securities in registered or bearer form; in the vault of the Custodian, Domestic Subcustodian, a Special Custodian, depository or agent of the Custodian; or in an account maintained by the Custodian or agent at a Securities System (as hereinafter defined); or (ii) in book-entry form by a Securities System (as hereinafter defined) in accordance with the provisions of sub-paragraph (3) below. (2) The Custodian may hold registrable portfolio Securities which have been delivered to it in physical form, by registering the same in the name of the appropriate Fund or its nominee, or in the name of the Custodian or its nominee, for whose actions such Fund and Custodian, respectively, shall be fully responsible. Upon the receipt of Instructions, the Custodian shall hold such Securities in street certificate form, so called, with or without any indication of representative fiduciary capacity. However, unless it receives Instructions to the contrary, the Custodian will register all such portfolio Securities in the name of the Custodian's authorized nominee. All such Securities shall be held in an account of the Custodian containing only assets of the appropriate Fund or only assets held by the Custodian for the benefit of customersas a fiduciary, provided that the records of the Custodian shall indicate at all times the Fund or other customer for which such Securities are held in such accounts and the respective interests therein. (3) The Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a Fund in, and each Fund hereby approves use of: (a) The Depository Trust & Clearing Corporation; Company; (b) any other clearing agency registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) under section 17A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, which acts as a securities depositoryThe Participants Trust Company; and (c) a Federal Reserve Bank or other entity authorized to operate the federal any book-entry system described as provided in (i) Subpart O of Treasury Circular Xx. 000, 00 XXX 306.115, (ii) Subpart B of Treasury Circular Public Debt Series Xx. 00-00, 00 XXX 350.2, or (iii) the regulations of the Department of the Treasury or book-entry systems operated pursuant to comparable regulations of other federal agenciesagencies substantially in the form of 31 CFR 306.115. Upon the receipt of Special Instructions, the Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a Fund in any other domestic clearing agency that registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") under Section 17A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (or as may otherwise be authorized by the SEC to serve in the capacity of depository or clearing agent for the Securities or other assets of investment companies and that companies) which acts as a Securities depository. Each of the foregoing shall be referred to in this Agreement as a "Securities System", and all such Securities Systems shall be listed on the attached Appendix A. Use of a Securities System shall be in accordance with applicable Federal Reserve Board and SEC rules and regulations, if any, and subject to the following provisions: (i) The Custodian may deposit the Securities directly or through one or more agents or Subcustodians which are also qualified to act as custodians for investment companies. (ii) The Custodian shall deposit and/or maintain the Securities held in a Securities System shall be subject to any agreements or rules effective between the System, provided that such Securities System and the Custodian or a Subcustodian, as the case may be. (iii) Any Securities deposited or maintained in a Securities System shall be held are represented in an account ("Account") of the Custodian or a Subcustodian in the Securities System that includes only assets held by the Custodian or a Subcustodian as a fiduciary, custodian or otherwise for customers. (iviii) The books and records of the Custodian shall at all times identify those Securities belonging to any one or more Funds which are maintained in a Securities System. (viv) The Custodian shall pay for Securities purchased for the account of a Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that such Securities have been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such payment and transfer for the account of such Fund. The Custodian shall transfer Securities sold for the account of a Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that payment for such Securities has been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such transfer and payment for the account of such Fund. Copies of all advices from the Securities System relating to transfers of Securities for the account of a Fund shall be maintained for such Fund by the Custodian. Such copies may be maintained by the Custodian in electronic form. The Custodian shall make available deliver to the a Fund or its agent on the next succeeding business day, by Electronic Communication, facsimile, or other means reasonably acceptable to both parties, day daily transaction activity reports that shall include each day’s 's transactions in the Securities System for the account of such Fund. Such transaction reports shall be delivered to such Fund or any agent designated by such Fund pursuant to Instructions, by computer or in such other manner as such Fund and Custodian may agree. (viv) The Custodian shall, if requested by a send the Fund pursuant to Instructions, provide such Fund with copies of reports obtained by the Custodian or any Subcustodian with respect to a Securities System's accounting system, internal accounting control and procedures for safeguarding Securities deposited in the Securities System, and shall, if requested by a Fund pursuant to instructions, provide such Fund with reports on the Custodian's or any Subcustodian's own systems of internal accounting controls. (vi) Upon receipt of Special Instructions, the Custodian shall terminate the use of any Securities System on behalf of a Fund as promptly as practicable and shall take all actions reasonably practicable to safeguard the Securities of such Fund maintained with such Securities System.

Manner of Holding Securities. (1) The Custodian shall at all times hold Securities of each Fund either: (i) by physical possession of the share certificates or other instruments representing such Securities, Securities in registered or bearer form; in the vault of the Custodian, Domestic Subcustodian, a Special Custodian, depository or agent of the Custodian; or in an account maintained by the Custodian or agent at a Securities System (as hereinafter defined); or (ii) in book-entry form by a Securities System (as hereinafter defined) in accordance with the provisions of sub-paragraph (3) below. (2) The Custodian may hold registrable portfolio Securities which have been delivered to it in physical form, by registering the same in the name of the appropriate Fund or its nominee, or in the name of the Custodian or its nominee, for whose actions such Fund and Custodian, respectively, shall be fully responsible. Upon the receipt of Instructions, the Custodian shall hold such Securities in street certificate form, so called, with or without any indication of representative fiduciary capacity. However, unless it receives Instructions to the contrary, the Custodian will register all such portfolio Securities in the name of the Custodian's authorized nominee. All such Securities shall be held in an account of the Custodian containing only assets of the appropriate Fund or only assets held by the Custodian for the benefit of customersas a fiduciary, provided that the records of the Custodian shall indicate at all times the Fund or other customer for which such Securities are held in such accounts and the respective interests therein. (3) The Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a Fund in, and each Fund hereby approves use of: (a) The Depository Trust & Clearing Corporation; Company; (b) any other clearing agency registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) under section 17A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, which acts as a securities depositoryThe Participants Trust Company; and (c) a Federal Reserve Bank or other entity authorized to operate the federal any book-entry system described as provided in (i) Subpart O of Treasury Circular No. 300, 31 CFR 306.115, (ii) Subpart B of Treasury Circular Public Debx Xxxxxx Xx. 00-76, 31 CFR 350.2, or (iii) the regulations of the Department of the Treasury or book-entry systems operated pursuant to comparable regulations of other federal agenciesxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxtially in the form of 31 CFR 306.115. Upon the receipt of Special Instructions, the Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a Fund in any other domestic clearing agency that registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") under Section 17A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (or as may otherwise be authorized by the SEC to serve in the capacity of depository or clearing agent for the Securities or other assets of investment companies and that companies) which acts as a Securities depository. Each of the foregoing shall be referred to in this Agreement as a "Securities System", and all such Securities Systems shall be listed on the attached Appendix A. Use of a Securities System shall be in accordance with applicable Federal Reserve Board and SEC rules and regulations, if any, and subject to the following provisions: (i) The Custodian may deposit the Securities directly or through one or more agents or Subcustodians which are also qualified to act as custodians for investment companies. (ii) The Custodian shall deposit and/or maintain the Securities held in a Securities System shall be subject to any agreements or rules effective between the System, provided that such Securities System and the Custodian or a Subcustodian, as the case may be. (iii) Any Securities deposited or maintained in a Securities System shall be held are represented in an account ("Account") of the Custodian or a Subcustodian in the Securities System that includes only assets held by the Custodian or a Subcustodian as a fiduciary, custodian or otherwise for customers. (iviii) The books and records of the Custodian shall at all times identify those Securities belonging to any one or more Funds which are maintained in a Securities System. (viv) The Custodian shall pay for Securities purchased for the account of a Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that such Securities have been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such payment and transfer for the account of such Fund. The Custodian shall transfer Securities sold for the account of a Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that payment for such Securities has been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such transfer and payment for the account of such Fund. Copies of all advices from the Securities System relating to transfers of Securities for the account of a Fund shall be maintained for such Fund by the Custodian. Such copies may be maintained by the Custodian in electronic form. The Custodian shall make available deliver to the a Fund or its agent on the next succeeding business day, by Electronic Communication, facsimile, or other means reasonably acceptable to both parties, day daily transaction activity reports that shall include each day’s 's transactions in the Securities System for the account of such Fund. Such transaction reports shall be delivered to such Fund or any agent designated by such Fund pursuant to Instructions, by computer or in such other manner as such Fund and Custodian may agree. The Custodian shall also deliver any other related reports or documents as reasonably requested by a Fund in order for such Fund to comply with its obligations under any applicable laws or regulations. (viv) The Custodian shall, if requested by a Fund pursuant to InstructionsFund, provide such Fund with reports obtained by the Custodian or any Subcustodian with respect to a Securities System's accounting system, internal accounting control and procedures for safeguarding Securities deposited in the Securities System. (vi) Upon receipt of Special Instructions, the Custodian shall terminate the use of any Securities System on behalf of a Fund as promptly as practicable and shall take all actions reasonably practicable to safeguard the Securities of such Fund maintained with such Securities System.

Manner of Holding Securities. (1) The Custodian shall at all times hold Securities of each Fund either: (i) by physical possession of the share certificates or other instruments representing such Securities, Securities in registered or bearer form; in the vault of the Custodian, Domestic Subcustodian, a Special Custodian, depository or agent of the Custodian; or in an account maintained by the Custodian or agent at a Securities System (as hereinafter defined); or (ii) in book-entry form by a Securities System or in the form of a limited partnership (as hereinafter defined) in accordance with the provisions of sub-paragraph (3) below. (2) The Custodian may hold registrable portfolio Securities which have been delivered to it in physical form, by registering the same in the name of the appropriate Fund or its nominee, or in the name of the Custodian or its nominee, for whose actions such Fund and Custodian, respectively, shall be fully responsible. Upon the receipt of Instructions, the Custodian shall hold such Securities in street certificate form, so called, with or without any indication of representative fiduciary capacity. However, unless it receives Instructions to the contrary, the Custodian will register all such portfolio Securities in the name of the Custodian's authorized nominee. All such Securities shall be held in an account of the Custodian containing only assets of the appropriate Fund or only assets held by the Custodian for the benefit of customersas a fiduciary, provided that the records of the Custodian shall indicate at all times the Fund or other customer for which such Securities are held in such accounts and the respective interests therein. (3) The Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a Fund in, and each Fund hereby approves use of: (a) The Depository Trust & Clearing CorporationCompany; and (b) any other clearing agency registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) under section 17A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, which acts as a securities depository; and (c) a Federal Reserve Bank or other entity authorized to operate the federal book-entry system described as provided in (i) Subpart O of Treasury Circular Nx. 000, 00 XXX 306.115, (ii) Subpart B of Treasury Circular Public Debt Series Nx. 00-00, 00 XXX 350.2, or (iii) the regulations of the Department of the Treasury or book-entry systems operated pursuant to comparable regulations of other federal agenciesagencies substantially in the form of 31 CFR 306.115. Upon the receipt of Special Instructions, the Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a Fund in any other domestic clearing agency that registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") under Section 17A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (or as may otherwise be authorized by the SEC to serve in the capacity of depository or clearing agent for the Securities or other assets of investment companies and that companies) which acts as a Securities depository. Each of the foregoing shall be referred to in this Agreement as a "Securities System", and all such Securities Systems shall be listed on the attached Appendix A. Use of a Securities System shall be in accordance with applicable Federal Reserve Board and SEC rules and regulations, if any, and subject to the following provisions: (i) The Custodian may deposit the Securities directly or through one or more agents or Subcustodians which are also qualified to act as custodians for investment companies. (ii) The Custodian shall deposit and/or maintain the Securities held in a Securities System shall be subject to any agreements or rules effective between the System, provided that such Securities System and the Custodian or a Subcustodian, as the case may be. (iii) Any Securities deposited or maintained in a Securities System shall be held are represented in an account ("Account") of the Custodian or a Subcustodian in the Securities System that includes only assets held by the Custodian or a Subcustodian as a fiduciary, custodian or otherwise for customers. (iviii) The books and records of the Custodian shall at all times identify those Securities belonging to any one or more Funds which are maintained in a Securities System. (viv) The Custodian shall pay for Securities purchased for the account of a Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that such Securities have been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such payment and transfer for the account of such Fund. The Custodian shall transfer Securities sold for the account of a Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that payment for such Securities has been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such transfer and payment for the account of such Fund. Copies of all advices from the Securities System relating to transfers of Securities for the account of a Fund shall be maintained for such Fund by the Custodian. Such copies may be maintained by the Custodian in electronic form. The Custodian shall make available deliver to the a Fund or its agent on the next succeeding business day, by Electronic Communication, facsimile, or other means reasonably acceptable to both parties, day daily transaction activity reports that shall include each day’s 's transactions in the Securities System for the account of such Fund. Such transaction reports shall be delivered to such Fund or any agent designated by such Fund pursuant to Instructions, by computer or in such other manner as such Fund and Custodian may agree. (viv) The Custodian shall, if requested by a Fund pursuant to Instructions, provide such Fund with reports obtained by the Custodian or any Subcustodian with respect to a Securities System's accounting system, internal accounting control and procedures for safeguarding Securities deposited in the Securities System. (vi) Upon receipt of Special Instructions, the Custodian shall terminate the use of any Securities System on behalf of a Fund as promptly as practicable and shall take all actions reasonably practicable to safeguard the Securities of such Fund maintained with such Securities System.

Manner of Holding Securities. (1) The Custodian shall at all times hold Securities of each Fund either: (i) by physical possession of the share certificates or other instruments representing such Securities, in registered or bearer form; in the vault of the Custodian, Domestic Subcustodian, a Special Custodian, depository or agent of the Custodian; or in an account maintained by the Custodian or agent at a Securities System (as hereinafter defined); or (ii) in book-entry form by a Securities System in accordance with the provisions of sub-paragraph (3) below. (2) The Custodian may hold registrable portfolio Securities which have been delivered to it in physical form, by registering the same in the name of the appropriate Fund or its nominee, or in the name of the Custodian or its nominee, for whose actions such Fund and Custodian, respectively, shall be fully responsible. Upon the receipt of Instructions, the Custodian shall hold such Securities in street certificate form, so called, with or without any indication of representative capacity. However, unless it receives Instructions to the contrary, the Custodian will register all such portfolio Securities in the name of the Custodian's ’s authorized nominee. All such Securities shall be held in an account of the Custodian containing only assets of the appropriate Fund or only assets held by the Custodian for the benefit of customers, provided that the records of the Custodian shall indicate at all times the Fund or other customer for which such Securities are held in such accounts and the respective interests therein. (3) The Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a Fund in, and each Fund hereby approves use of: (a) The Depository Trust & Clearing Corporation; (b) any other clearing agency registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) under section 17A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, which acts as a securities depository; and (c) a Federal Reserve Bank or other entity authorized to operate the federal book-entry system described in the regulations of the Department of the Treasury or book-entry systems operated pursuant to comparable regulations of other federal agencies. Upon the receipt of Special Instructions, the Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a Fund in any other domestic clearing agency that may otherwise be authorized by the SEC to serve in the capacity of depository or clearing agent for the Securities or other assets of investment companies and that acts as a Securities depository. Each of the foregoing shall be referred to in this Agreement as a "“Securities System"”, and all such Securities Systems shall be listed on the attached Appendix A. Use of a Securities System shall be in accordance with applicable Federal Reserve Board and SEC rules and regulations, if any, and subject to the following provisions: (i) The Custodian may deposit the Securities directly or through one or more agents or Subcustodians which are also qualified to act as custodians for investment companies. (ii) Securities held in a Securities System shall be subject to any agreements or rules effective between the Securities System and the Custodian or a Subcustodian, as the case may be. (iii) Any Securities deposited or maintained in a Securities System shall be held in an account ("“Account"”) of the Custodian or a Subcustodian in the Securities System that includes only assets held by the Custodian or a Subcustodian as a custodian or otherwise for customers. (iv) The books and records of the Custodian shall at all times identify those Securities belonging to any one or more Funds which are maintained in a Securities System. (v) The Custodian shall pay for Securities purchased for the account of a Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that such Securities have been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such payment and transfer for the account of such Fund. The Custodian shall transfer Securities sold for the account of a Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that payment for such Securities has been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such transfer and payment for the account of such Fund. Copies of all advices from the Securities System relating to transfers of Securities for the account of a Fund shall be maintained for such Fund by the Custodian. Such copies may be maintained by the Custodian in electronic form. The Custodian shall make available to the Fund or its agent on the next business day, by Electronic Communication, facsimile, or other means reasonably acceptable to both parties, daily transaction activity that shall include each day’s transactions for the account of such Fund. (vi) The Custodian shall, if requested by a Fund pursuant to Instructions, provide such Fund with reports obtained by the Custodian or any Subcustodian with respect to a Securities System's ’s accounting system, internal accounting control and procedures for safeguarding Securities deposited in the Securities System. (vii) The Custodian shall maintain a bank account to hold all cash received by it from or for the account of the Funds. The Custodian shall take reasonable steps to ensure that, to the extent reasonably possible, the account is covered by federal deposit insurance.

Manner of Holding Securities. (1) The Custodian shall at all times hold Securities of each Fund either: (i) by physical possession of the share certificates or other instruments representing such Securities, Securities in registered or bearer form; in the vault of the Custodian, Domestic Subcustodian, a Special Custodian, depository or agent of the Custodian; or in an account maintained by the Custodian or agent at a Securities System (as hereinafter defined); or (ii) in book-entry form by a Securities System (as hereinafter defined) in accordance with the provisions of sub-paragraph (3) below. (2) The Custodian may hold registrable portfolio Securities which have been delivered to it in physical form, by registering the same in the name of the appropriate Fund or its nominee, or in the name of the Custodian or its nominee, for whose actions such Fund and Custodian, respectively, shall be fully responsible. Upon the receipt of Instructions, the Custodian shall hold such Securities in street certificate form, so called, with or without any indication of representative fiduciary capacity. However, unless it receives Instructions to the contrary, the Custodian will register all such portfolio Securities in the name of the Custodian's authorized nominee. All such Securities shall be held in an account of the Custodian containing only assets of the appropriate Fund or only assets held by the Custodian for the benefit of customersas a fiduciary, provided that the records of the Custodian shall indicate at all times the Fund or other customer for which such Securities are held in such accounts and the respective interests therein. (3) The Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a Fund in, and each Fund hereby approves use of: (a) The Depository Trust & Clearing Corporation; Company; (b) any other clearing agency registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) under section 17A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, which acts as a securities depositoryThe Participants Trust Company; and (c) a Federal Reserve Bank or other entity authorized to operate the federal any book-entry system described as provided in (i) Subpart O of Treasury Circular Xx. 000, 00 XXX 306.115, (ii) Subpart B of Treasury Circular Public Debt Series Xx. 00-00, 00 XXX 350.2, or (iii) the regulations of the Department of the Treasury or book-entry systems operated pursuant to comparable regulations of other federal agenciesagencies substantially in the form of 31 CFR 306.115. Upon the receipt of Special Instructions, the Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a Fund in any other domestic clearing agency that registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") under Section 17A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (or as may otherwise be authorized by the SEC to serve in the capacity of depository or clearing agent for the Securities or other assets of investment companies and that companies) which acts as a Securities depository. Each of the foregoing shall be referred to in this Agreement as a "Securities System", ," and all such Securities Systems shall be listed on the attached Appendix A. Use of a Securities System shall be in accordance with applicable Federal Reserve Board and SEC rules and regulations, if any, and subject to the following provisions: (i) The Custodian may deposit the Securities directly or through one or more agents or Subcustodians which are also qualified to act as custodians for investment companies. (ii) The Custodian shall deposit and/or maintain the Securities held in a Securities System shall be subject to any agreements or rules effective between the System, provided that such Securities System and the Custodian or a Subcustodian, as the case may be. (iii) Any Securities deposited or maintained in a Securities System shall be held are represented in an account ("Account") of the Custodian or a Subcustodian in the Securities System that includes only assets held by the Custodian or a Subcustodian as a fiduciary, custodian or otherwise for customers. (iviii) The books and records of the Custodian shall at all times identify those Securities belonging to any one or more Funds which are maintained in a Securities System. (viv) The Custodian shall pay for Securities purchased for the account of a Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that such Securities have been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such payment and transfer for the account of such Fund. The Custodian shall transfer Securities sold for the account of a Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that payment for such Securities has been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such transfer and payment for the account of such Fund. Copies of all advices from the Securities System relating to transfers of Securities for the account of a Fund shall be maintained for such Fund by the Custodian. Such copies may be maintained by the Custodian in electronic form. The Custodian shall make available deliver to the a Fund or its agent on the next succeeding business day, by Electronic Communication, facsimile, or other means reasonably acceptable to both parties, day daily transaction activity reports that shall include each day’s 's transactions in the Securities System for the account of such Fund. Such transaction reports shall be delivered to such Fund or any agent designated by such Fund pursuant to Instructions, by computer or in such other manner as such Fund and Custodian may reasonably agree. (viv) The Custodian shall, if requested by a Fund pursuant to Instructions, provide such Fund with reports obtained by the Custodian or any Subcustodian with respect to a Securities System's accounting system, internal accounting control and procedures for safeguarding Securities deposited in the Securities System. (vi) Upon receipt of Special Instructions, the Custodian shall terminate the use of any Securities System on behalf of a Fund as promptly as practicable and shall take all actions reasonably practicable to safeguard the Securities of such Fund maintained with such Securities System.

Manner of Holding Securities. (1) The Custodian shall at all times hold Securities of each Fund either: (i) by physical possession of the share certificates or other instruments representing such Securities, in registered or bearer form; in the vault of the Custodian, Domestic Subcustodian, a Special Custodian, depository or agent of the Custodian; or in an account maintained by the Custodian or agent at a Securities System (as hereinafter defined); or (ii) in book-entry form by a Securities System in accordance with the provisions of sub-paragraph (3) below. (2) The Custodian may hold registrable portfolio Securities which have been delivered to it in physical form, by registering the same in the name of the appropriate Fund or its nominee, or in the name of the Custodian or its nominee, for whose actions such Fund and Custodian, respectively, shall be fully responsible. Upon the receipt of Instructions, the Custodian shall hold such Securities in street certificate form, so called, with or without any indication of representative capacity. However, unless it receives Instructions to the contrary, the Custodian will register all such portfolio Securities in the name of the Custodian's authorized nominee. All such Securities shall be held in an account of the Custodian containing only assets of the appropriate Fund or only assets held by the Custodian for the benefit of customers, provided that the records of the Custodian shall indicate at all times the Fund or other customer for which such Securities are held in such accounts and the respective interests therein. (3) The Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a Fund in, and each Fund hereby approves use of: (a) The Depository Trust & Clearing Corporation; (b) any other clearing agency registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) under section 17A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, which acts as a securities depository; and (c) a Federal Reserve Bank or other entity authorized to operate the federal book-entry system described in the regulations of the Department of the Treasury or book-entry systems operated pursuant to comparable regulations of other federal agencies. Upon the receipt of Special Instructions, the Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a Fund in any other domestic clearing agency that may otherwise be authorized by the SEC to serve in the capacity of depository or clearing agent for the Securities or other assets of investment companies and that acts as a Securities depository. Each of the foregoing shall be referred to in this Agreement as a "Securities System", and all such Securities Systems shall be listed on the attached Appendix A. Use of a Securities System shall be in accordance with applicable Federal Reserve Board and SEC rules and regulations, if any, and subject to the following provisions: (i) The Custodian may deposit the Securities directly or through one or more agents or Subcustodians which are also qualified to act as custodians for investment companies. (ii) Securities held in a Securities System shall be subject to any agreements or rules effective between the Securities System and the Custodian or a Subcustodian, as the case may be.. Exhibit (g) (iii) Any Securities deposited or maintained in a Securities System shall be held in an account ("Account") of the Custodian or a Subcustodian in the Securities System that includes only assets held by the Custodian or a Subcustodian as a custodian or otherwise for customers. (iv) The books and records of the Custodian shall at all times identify those Securities belonging to any one or more Funds which are maintained in a Securities System. (v) The Custodian shall pay for Securities purchased for the account of a Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that such Securities have been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such payment and transfer for the account of such Fund. The Custodian shall transfer Securities sold for the account of a Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that payment for such Securities has been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such transfer and payment for the account of such Fund. Copies of all advices from the Securities System relating to transfers of Securities for the account of a Fund shall be maintained for such Fund by the Custodian. Such copies may be maintained by the Custodian in electronic form. The Custodian shall make available to the Fund or its agent on the next business day, by Electronic Communication, facsimile, or other means reasonably acceptable to both parties, daily transaction activity reports that shall include each day’s transactions for the account of such Fund. (vi) The Custodian shall, if requested by a Fund pursuant to Instructions, provide such Fund with reports obtained by the Custodian or any Subcustodian with respect to a Securities System's accounting system, internal accounting control and procedures for safeguarding Securities deposited in the Securities System. (viii) In connection with any Securities belonging to a Fund which are maintained in a Securities System, the Custodian will comply with the requirements of Rule 17f-4 under the 1940 Act.

Manner of Holding Securities. (1) The Custodian shall at all times hold Securities of each Fund either: (i) by physical possession of the share certificates or other instruments representing such Securities, in registered or bearer form; in the vault of the Custodian, Domestic Subcustodian, a Special Custodian, depository or agent of the Custodian; or in an account maintained by the Custodian or agent at a Securities System (as hereinafter defined); or (ii) in book-entry form by a Securities System in accordance with the provisions of sub-paragraph (3) below. (2) The Custodian may hold registrable portfolio deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a Fund in, and each Fund hereby approves use of: (a) The Depository Trust & Clearing Corporation; (b) any other clearing agency registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) under section 17A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, which have been delivered acts as a securities depository; and (c) a Federal Reserve Bank or other entity authorized to it in physical form, by registering operate the same federal book-entry system described in the name regulations of the appropriate Fund or its nominee, or in the name Department of the Custodian Treasury or its nominee, for whose actions such Fund and Custodian, respectively, shall be fully responsiblebook-entry systems operated pursuant to comparable regulations of other federal agencies. Upon the receipt of Special Instructions, the Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a Fund in any other domestic clearing agency that may otherwise be authorized by the SEC to serve in the capacity of depository or clearing agent for the Securities or other assets of investment companies and that acts as a Securities depository. Each of the foregoing shall hold be referred to in this Agreement as a "Securities System", and all such Securities Systems shall be listed on the attached Appendix A. Use of a Securities System shall be in street certificate formaccordance with applicable Federal Reserve Board and SEC rules and regulations, so calledif any, with or without any indication of representative capacity. However, unless it receives Instructions and subject to the contrary, the Custodian will register all such portfolio Securities in the name of the Custodian's authorized nominee. All such Securities shall be held in an account of the Custodian containing only assets of the appropriate Fund or only assets held by the Custodian for the benefit of customers, provided that the records of the Custodian shall indicate at all times the Fund or other customer for which such Securities are held in such accounts and the respective interests therein.following provisions: (3) The Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a Fund in, and each Fund hereby approves use of: (a) The Depository Trust & Clearing Corporation; (b) any other clearing agency registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) under section 17A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, which acts as a securities depository; and (c) a Federal Reserve Bank or other entity authorized to operate the federal book-entry system described in the regulations of the Department of the Treasury or book-entry systems operated pursuant to comparable regulations of other federal agencies. Upon the receipt of Special Instructions, the Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a Fund in any other domestic clearing agency that may otherwise be authorized by the SEC to serve in the capacity of depository or clearing agent for the Securities or other assets of investment companies and that acts as a Securities depository. Each of the foregoing shall be referred to in this Agreement as a "Securities System", and all such Securities Systems shall be listed on the attached Appendix A. Use of a Securities System shall be in accordance with applicable Federal Reserve Board and SEC rules and regulations, if any, and subject to the following provisions: (i) The Custodian may deposit the Securities directly or through one or more agents or Subcustodians which are also qualified to act as custodians for investment companies. (ii) Securities held in a Securities System shall be subject to any agreements or rules effective between the Securities System and the Custodian or a Subcustodian, as the case may be. (iii) Any Securities deposited or maintained in a Securities System shall be held in an account ("Account") of the Custodian or a Subcustodian in the Securities System that includes only assets held by the Custodian or a Subcustodian as a custodian or otherwise for customers. (iv) The books and records of the Custodian shall at all times identify those Securities belonging to any one or more Funds which are maintained in a Securities System. (v) The Custodian shall pay for Securities purchased for the account of a Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that such Securities have been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such payment and transfer for the account of such Fund. The Custodian shall transfer Securities sold for the account of a Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that payment for such Securities has been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such transfer and payment for the account of such Fund. Copies of all advices from the Securities System relating to transfers of Securities for the account of a Fund shall be maintained for such Fund by the Custodian. Such copies may be maintained by the Custodian in electronic form. The Custodian shall make available to the Fund or its agent on the next business day, by Electronic Communication, facsimile, or other means reasonably acceptable to both parties, daily transaction activity that shall include each day’s transactions for the account of such Fund. (vi) The Custodian shall, if requested by a Fund pursuant to Instructions, provide such Fund with reports obtained by the Custodian or any Subcustodian with respect to a Securities System's accounting system, internal accounting control and procedures for safeguarding Securities deposited in the Securities System.

Manner of Holding Securities. (1) The Custodian shall at all times hold Securities of each Fund either: (i) by physical possession of the share certificates or other instruments representing such Securities, Securities in registered or bearer form; in the vault of the Custodian, Domestic Subcustodian, a Special Custodian, depository or agent of the Custodian; or in an account maintained by the Custodian or agent at a Securities System (as hereinafter defined); or (ii) in book-entry form by a Securities System (as hereinafter defined) in accordance with the provisions of sub-paragraph (3) below. (2) The Custodian may hold registrable portfolio Securities which have been delivered to it in physical form, by registering the same in the name of the appropriate Fund or its nominee, or in the name of the Custodian or its nominee, for whose actions such Fund and Custodian, respectively, shall be fully responsible. Upon the receipt of Instructions, the Custodian shall hold such Securities in street certificate form, so called, with or without any indication of representative fiduciary capacity. However, unless it receives Instructions to the contrary, the Custodian will register all such portfolio Securities in the name of the Custodian's authorized nominee. All such Securities shall be held in an account of the Custodian containing only assets of the appropriate Fund or only assets held by the Custodian for the benefit of customersas a fiduciary, provided that the records of the Custodian shall indicate at all times the Fund or other customer for which such Securities are held in such accounts and the respective interests therein. (3) The Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a Fund in, and each Fund hereby approves use of: (a) The Depository Trust & Clearing Corporation; Company; (b) any other clearing agency registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) under section 17A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, which acts as a securities depositoryThe Participants Trust Company; and (c) a Federal Reserve Bank or other entity authorized to operate the federal any book-entry system described as provided in (i) Subpart O of Treasury Circular Nx. 000, 00 XXX 306.115, (ii) Subpart B of Treasury Circular Public Debt Series Nx. 00-00, 00 XXX 350.2, or (iii) the regulations of the Department of the Treasury or book-entry systems operated pursuant to comparable regulations of other federal agenciesagencies substantially in the form of 31 CFR 306.115. Upon the receipt of Special Instructions, the Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a Fund in any other domestic clearing agency that registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") under Section 17A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (or as may otherwise be authorized by the SEC to serve in the capacity of depository or clearing agent for the Securities or other assets of investment companies and that companies) which acts as a Securities depository. Each of the foregoing shall be referred to in this Agreement as a "Securities System", and all such Securities Systems shall be listed on the attached Appendix A. Use of a Securities System shall be in accordance with applicable Federal Reserve Board and SEC rules and regulations, if any, and subject to the following provisions: (i) The Custodian may deposit the Securities directly or through one or more agents or Subcustodians which are also qualified to act as custodians for investment companies. (ii) The Custodian shall deposit and/or maintain the Securities held in a Securities System shall be subject to any agreements or rules effective between the System, provided that such Securities System and the Custodian or a Subcustodian, as the case may be. (iii) Any Securities deposited or maintained in a Securities System shall be held are represented in an account ("Account") of the Custodian or a Subcustodian in the Securities System that includes only assets held by the Custodian or a Subcustodian as a fiduciary, custodian or otherwise for customers. (iviii) The books and records of the Custodian shall at all times identify those Securities belonging to any one or more Funds which are maintained in a Securities System. (viv) The Custodian shall pay for Securities purchased for the account of a Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that such Securities have been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such payment and transfer for the account of such Fund. The Custodian shall transfer Securities sold for the account of a Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that payment for such Securities has been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such transfer and payment for the account of such Fund. Copies of all advices from the Securities System relating to transfers of Securities for the account of a Fund shall be maintained for such Fund by the Custodian. Such copies may be maintained by the Custodian in electronic form. The Custodian shall make available deliver to the Fund or its agent a Fund, on the next succeeding business day, by Electronic Communication, facsimile, or other means reasonably acceptable to both parties, daily transaction activity reports that shall include each day’s 's transactions in the Securities System for the account of such Fund. Such transaction reports shall be delivered to such Fund or any agent designated by such Fund pursuant to Instructions, by computer or in such other manner as such Fund and Custodian may agree. (viv) The Custodian shall, if requested by a Fund pursuant to Instructions, provide such Fund with reports obtained by the Custodian or any Subcustodian with respect to a Securities System's accounting system, internal accounting control and procedures for safeguarding Securities deposited in the Securities System. (vi) Upon receipt of Special Instructions, the Custodian shall terminate the use of any Securities System on behalf of a Fund as promptly as practicable and shall take all actions reasonably practicable to safeguard the Securities of such Fund maintained with such Securities System.

Manner of Holding Securities. (1) The Custodian shall at all times hold Securities of each Fund either: (i) by physical possession of the share certificates or other instruments representing such Securities, Securities in registered or bearer form; in the vault of the Custodian, Domestic Subcustodian, a Special Custodian, depository or agent of the Custodian; or in an account maintained by the Custodian or agent at a Securities System (as hereinafter defined); or (ii) in book-entry form by a Securities System (as hereinafter defined) in accordance with the provisions of sub-paragraph (3) below. (2) The Custodian may hold registrable portfolio Securities which have been delivered to it in physical form, by registering the same in the name of the appropriate Fund or its nominee, or in the name of the Custodian or its nominee, for whose actions such Fund and Custodian, respectively, shall be fully responsible. Upon the receipt of Instructions, the Custodian shall hold such Securities in street certificate form, so called, with or without any indication of representative fiduciary capacity. However, unless it receives Instructions to the contrary, the Custodian will register all such portfolio Securities in the name of the Custodian's authorized nominee. All such Securities shall be held in an account of the Custodian containing only assets of the appropriate Fund or only assets held by the Custodian for the benefit of customersas a fiduciary, provided that the records of the Custodian shall indicate at all times the Fund or other customer for which such Securities are held in such accounts and the respective interests therein. (3) The Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a Fund in, and each Fund hereby approves use of: (a) The Depository Trust & Clearing Corporation; Company; (b) any other clearing agency registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) under section 17A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, which acts as a securities depositoryThe Participants Trust Company; and (c) a Federal Reserve Bank or other entity authorized to operate the federal any book-entry system described as provided in the regulations (i) Subpart O of the Department Treasury Circular No. 300, 31 CFR 306.000, (xx) Xxxxxrt B of the Treasury or Circular Public Debt Series No. 27-76, 31 CFR 350.0, xx (xxx) xxx book-entry systems operated pursuant to comparable regulations of other federal agenciesagencies substantially in the form of 31 CFR 306.115. Upon the receipt of Special Instructions, the Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a Fund in any other domestic clearing agency that registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") under Section 17A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (or as may otherwise be authorized by the SEC to serve in the capacity of depository or clearing agent for the Securities or other assets of investment companies and that companies) which acts as a Securities depository. Each of the foregoing shall be referred to in this Agreement as a "Securities System", and all such Securities Systems shall be listed on the attached Appendix A. Use of a Securities System shall be in accordance with applicable Federal Reserve Board and SEC rules and regulations, if any, and subject to the following provisions: (i) The Custodian may deposit the Securities directly or through one or more agents or Subcustodians which are also qualified to act as custodians for investment companies. (ii) The Custodian shall deposit and/or maintain the Securities held in a Securities System shall be subject to any agreements or rules effective between the System, provided that such Securities System and the Custodian or a Subcustodian, as the case may be. (iii) Any Securities deposited or maintained in a Securities System shall be held are represented in an account ("Account") of the Custodian or a Subcustodian in the Securities System that includes only assets held by the Custodian or a Subcustodian as a fiduciary, custodian or otherwise for customers. (iviii) The books and records of the Custodian shall at all times identify those Securities belonging to any one or more Funds which are maintained in a Securities System. (viv) The Custodian shall pay for Securities purchased for the account of a Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that such Securities have been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such payment and transfer for the account of such Fund. The Custodian shall transfer Securities sold for the account of a Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that payment for such Securities has been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such transfer and payment for the account of such Fund. Copies of all advices from the Securities System relating to transfers of Securities for the account of a Fund shall be maintained for such Fund by the Custodian. Such copies may be maintained by the Custodian in electronic form. The Custodian shall make available deliver to the a Fund or its agent on the next succeeding business day, by Electronic Communication, facsimile, or other means reasonably acceptable to both parties, day daily transaction activity that reports which shall include each day’s 's transactions in the Securities System for the account of such Fund. Such transaction reports shall be delivered to such Fund or any agent designated by such Fund pursuant to Instructions, by computer or in such other manner as such Fund and Custodian may agree. (viv) The Custodian shall, if requested by a Fund pursuant to Instructions, provide such Fund with reports obtained by the Custodian or any Subcustodian with respect to a Securities System's accounting system, internal accounting control and procedures for safeguarding Securities deposited in the Securities System. (vi) Upon receipt of Special Instructions, the Custodian shall terminate the use of any Securities System on behalf of a Fund as promptly as practicable and shall take all actions reasonably practicable to safeguard the Securities of such Fund maintained with such Securities System.

Manner of Holding Securities. (1) The Custodian shall at all times hold Securities of each the Fund either: (i) by physical possession of the share certificates or other instruments representing such Securities, in registered or bearer form; in the vault of the Custodian, Domestic Subcustodian, a Special Custodian, depository or agent of the Custodian; or in an account maintained by the Custodian or agent at a Securities System (as hereinafter defined); or (ii) in book-entry form by a Securities System in accordance with the provisions of sub-paragraph (3) below. (2) The Custodian may hold registrable portfolio Securities which have been delivered to it in physical form, by registering the same in the name of the appropriate Fund or its nominee, or in the name of the Custodian or its nominee, for whose actions such the Fund and Custodian, respectively, shall be fully responsible. Upon the receipt of Instructions, the Custodian shall hold such Securities in street certificate form, so called, with or without any indication of representative capacity. However, unless it receives Instructions to the contrary, the Custodian will register all such portfolio Securities in the name of the Custodian's authorized nominee. All such Securities shall be held in an account of the Custodian containing only assets of the appropriate Fund or only assets held by the Custodian for the benefit of customers, provided that the records of the Custodian shall indicate at all times the Fund or other customer for which such Securities are held in such accounts and the respective interests therein. (3) The Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a the Fund in, and each the Fund hereby approves use of: (a) The Depository Trust & Clearing Corporation; (b) any other clearing agency registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) under section 17A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, which acts as a securities depository; and (c) a Federal Reserve Bank or other entity authorized to operate the federal book-entry system described in the regulations of the Department of the Treasury or book-entry systems operated pursuant to comparable regulations of other federal agencies. Upon the receipt of Special Instructions, the Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a the Fund in any other domestic clearing agency that may otherwise be authorized by the SEC to serve in the capacity of depository or clearing agent for the Securities or other assets of investment companies and that acts as a Securities depository. Each of the foregoing shall be referred to in this Agreement as a "Securities System", and all such Securities Systems shall be listed on the attached Appendix A. Use of a Securities System shall be in accordance with applicable Federal Reserve Board and SEC rules and regulations, if any, and subject to the following provisions: (i) The Custodian may deposit the Securities directly or through one or more agents or Subcustodians which are also qualified to act as custodians for investment companies. (ii) Securities held in a Securities System shall be subject to any agreements or rules effective between the Securities System and the Custodian or a Subcustodian, as the case may be. (iii) Any Securities deposited or maintained in a Securities System shall be held in an account ("Account") of the Custodian or a Subcustodian in the Securities System that includes only assets held by the Custodian or a Subcustodian as a custodian or otherwise for customers. (iv) The books and records of the Custodian shall at all times identify those Securities belonging to any one or more Funds the Fund which are maintained in a Securities System. (v) The Custodian shall pay for Securities purchased for the account of a the Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that such Securities have been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such payment and transfer for the account of such the Fund. The Custodian shall transfer Securities sold for the account of a the Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that payment for such Securities has been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such transfer and payment for the account of such the Fund. Copies of all advices from the Securities System relating to transfers of Securities for the account of a the Fund shall be maintained for such the Fund by the Custodian. Such copies may be maintained by the Custodian in electronic form. The Custodian shall make available to the Fund or its agent on the next business day, by Electronic Communication, facsimile, or other means reasonably acceptable to both parties, daily transaction activity that shall include each day’s transactions for the account of such the Fund. (vi) The Custodian shall, if requested by a the Fund pursuant to Instructions, provide such the Fund with reports obtained by the Custodian or any Subcustodian with respect to a Securities System's accounting system, internal accounting control and procedures for safeguarding Securities deposited in the Securities System.

Manner of Holding Securities. (1) The Custodian shall at all times hold Securities of each the Fund either: (i) by physical possession of the share certificates or other instruments representing such Securities, in registered or bearer form; in the vault of the Custodian, Domestic Subcustodian, a Special Custodian, depository or agent of the Custodian; or in an account maintained by the Custodian or agent at a Securities System (as hereinafter defined); or (ii) in book-entry form by a Securities System in accordance with the provisions of sub-paragraph (3) below. (2) The Custodian may hold registrable portfolio Securities which have been delivered to it in physical form, by registering the same in the name of the appropriate Fund or its nominee, or in the name of the Custodian or its nominee, for whose actions such the Fund and Custodian, respectively, shall be fully responsible. Upon the receipt of Instructions, the Custodian shall hold such Securities in street certificate form, so called, with or without any indication of representative capacity. However, unless it receives Instructions to the contrary, the Custodian will register all such portfolio Securities in the name of the Custodian's authorized nominee. All such Securities shall be held in an account of the Custodian containing only assets of the appropriate Fund or only assets held by the Custodian for the benefit of customers, provided that the records of the Custodian shall indicate at all times the Fund or other customer for which such Securities are held in such accounts and the respective interests therein. (3) The Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a the Fund in, and each the Fund hereby approves use of: (a) The Depository Trust & Clearing Corporation; (b) any other clearing agency registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) under section 17A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, which acts as a securities depository; and (c) a Federal Reserve Bank or other entity authorized to operate the federal book-entry system described in the regulations of the Department of the Treasury or book-entry systems operated pursuant to comparable regulations of other federal agencies. Upon the receipt of Special Instructions, the Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a the Fund in any other domestic clearing agency that may otherwise be authorized by the SEC to serve in the capacity of depository or clearing agent for the Securities or other assets of investment companies and that acts as a Securities depository. Each of the foregoing shall be referred to in this Agreement as a "Securities System", and all such Securities Systems shall be listed on the attached Appendix A. Use of a Securities System shall be in accordance with applicable Federal Reserve Board and SEC rules and regulations, if any, and subject to the following provisions: (i) The Custodian may deposit the Securities directly or through one or more agents or Subcustodians which are also qualified to act as custodians for investment companies. (ii) Securities held in a Securities System shall be subject to any agreements or rules effective between the Securities System and the Custodian or a Subcustodian, as the case may be. (iii) Any Securities deposited or maintained in a Securities System shall be held in an account ("Account") of the Custodian or a Subcustodian in the Securities System that includes only assets held by the Custodian or a Subcustodian as a custodian or otherwise for customers. (iv) The books and records of the Custodian shall at all times identify those Securities belonging to any one or more Funds which are maintained in a Securities System. (v) The Custodian shall pay for Securities purchased for the account of a the Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that such Securities have been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such payment and transfer for the account of such the Fund. The Custodian shall transfer Securities sold for the account of a the Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that payment for such Securities has been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such transfer and payment for the account of such the Fund. Copies of all advices from the Securities System relating to transfers of Securities for the account of a the Fund shall be maintained for such the Fund by the Custodian. Such copies may be maintained by the Custodian in electronic form. The Custodian shall make available to the Fund or its agent on the next business day, by Electronic Communication, facsimile, or other means reasonably acceptable to both parties, daily transaction activity that shall include each day’s transactions for the account of such the Fund. (vi) The Custodian shall, if requested by a the Fund pursuant to Instructions, provide such the Fund with reports obtained by the Custodian or any Subcustodian with respect to a Securities System's accounting system, internal accounting control and procedures for safeguarding Securities deposited in the Securities System.

Manner of Holding Securities. (1) The Custodian shall at all times hold Securities of each Fund the Company either: (i) by physical possession of the share certificates or other instruments representing such Securities, in registered or bearer form; in the vault of the Custodian, Domestic Subcustodian, a Special Custodian, depository or agent of the Custodian; or in an account maintained by the Custodian or agent at a Securities System (as hereinafter defined); or (ii) in book-entry book‑entry form by a Securities System in accordance with the provisions of sub-paragraph sub‑paragraph (3) below. (2) The Custodian may hold registrable portfolio Securities which have been delivered to it in physical form, by registering the same in the name of the appropriate Fund Company or its nominee, or in the name of the Custodian or its nominee, for whose actions such Fund the Company and Custodian, respectively, shall be fully responsible. Upon the receipt of Instructions, the Custodian shall hold such Securities in street certificate form, so called, with or without any indication of representative capacity. However, unless it receives Instructions to the contrary, the Custodian will register all such portfolio Securities in the name of the Custodian's ’s authorized nominee. All such Securities shall be held in an account of the Custodian containing only assets of the appropriate Fund or only assets held by the Custodian for the benefit of customers, provided that the records of the Custodian shall indicate at all times the Fund or other customer for which such Securities are held in such accounts and the respective interests thereinCompany. (3) The Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a Fund the Company in, and each Fund the Company hereby approves use of: (a) The Depository Trust & Clearing Corporation; (b) any other clearing agency registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) under section 17A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, which acts as a securities depository; and (c) a Federal Reserve Bank or other entity authorized to operate the federal book-entry system described in the regulations of the Department of the Treasury or book-entry systems operated pursuant to comparable regulations of other federal agencies. Upon the receipt of Special Instructions, the Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a Fund the Company in any other domestic clearing agency that may otherwise be authorized by the SEC to serve in the capacity of depository or clearing agent for the Securities or other assets of investment companies and that acts as a Securities depository. Each of the foregoing shall be referred to in this Agreement as a "“Securities System"”, and all such Securities Systems shall be listed on the attached Appendix A. Use of a Securities System shall be in accordance with applicable Federal Reserve Board and SEC rules and regulations, if any, and subject to the following provisions: (i) The Custodian may deposit the Securities directly or through one or more agents or Subcustodians which are also qualified to act as custodians for investment companies. (ii) Securities held in a Securities System shall be subject to any agreements or rules effective between the Securities System and the Custodian or a Subcustodian, as the case may be. (iii) Any Securities deposited or maintained in a Securities System shall be held in an account ("Account") of the Custodian or a Subcustodian in the Securities System that includes only assets held by the Custodian or a Subcustodian as a custodian or otherwise for customers. (iv) The books and records of the Custodian shall at all times identify those Securities belonging to any one or more Funds which the Company that are maintained in a Securities System. (v) The Custodian shall pay for Securities purchased for the account of a Fund the Company only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that such Securities have been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such payment and transfer for the account of such Fundthe Company. The Custodian shall transfer Securities sold for the account of a Fund the Company only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that payment for such Securities has been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such transfer and payment for the account of such Fundthe Company. Copies of all advices from the Securities System relating to transfers of Securities for the account of a Fund the Company shall be maintained for such Fund the Company by the Custodian. Such copies may be maintained by the Custodian in electronic form. The Custodian shall make available to the Fund Company or its agent on the next business day, by Electronic Communication, facsimile, or other means reasonably acceptable to both parties, daily transaction activity that shall include each day’s transactions for the account of such Fundthe Company. (vi) The Custodian shall, if requested by a Fund the Company pursuant to Instructions, provide such Fund the Company with reports obtained by the Custodian or any Subcustodian with respect to a Securities System's accounting system, internal accounting control and procedures for safeguarding Securities deposited in the Securities System.

Manner of Holding Securities. (1) The Custodian shall at all times hold Securities of each the Fund either: (i) by physical possession of the share certificates or other instruments representing such Securities, in registered or bearer form; in the vault of the Custodian, Domestic Subcustodian, a Special Custodian, depository or agent of the Custodian; or in an account maintained by the Custodian or agent at a Securities System (as hereinafter defined); or (ii) in book-entry form by a Securities System in accordance with the provisions of sub-paragraph (3) below. (2) The Custodian may hold registrable portfolio Securities which have been delivered to it in physical form, by registering the same in the name of the appropriate Fund or its nominee, or in the name of the Custodian or its nominee, for whose actions such the Fund and Custodian, respectively, shall be fully responsible. Upon the receipt of Instructions, the Custodian shall hold such Securities in street certificate form, so called, with or without any indication of representative capacity. However, unless it receives Instructions to the contrary, the Custodian will register all such portfolio Securities in the name of the Custodian's ’s authorized nominee. All such Securities shall be held in an account of the Custodian containing only assets of the appropriate Fund or only assets held by the Custodian for the benefit of customers, provided that the records of the Custodian shall indicate at all times the Fund or other customer for which such Securities are held in such accounts and the respective interests therein. (3) The Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a the Fund in, and each the Fund hereby approves use of: (a) The Depository Trust & Clearing Corporation; (b) any other clearing agency registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) under section 17A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, which acts as a securities depository; and (c) a Federal Reserve Bank or other entity authorized to operate the federal book-entry system described in the regulations of the Department of the Treasury or book-entry systems operated pursuant to comparable regulations of other federal agencies. Upon the receipt of Special Instructions, the Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a the Fund in any other domestic clearing agency that may otherwise be authorized by the SEC to serve in the capacity of depository or clearing agent for the Securities or other assets of investment companies and that acts as a Securities depository. Each of the foregoing shall be referred to in this Agreement as a "“Securities System", ,” and all such Securities Systems shall be listed on the attached Appendix A. Use of a Securities System shall be in accordance with applicable Federal Reserve Board and SEC rules and regulations, if any, and subject to the following provisions: (i) The Custodian may deposit the Securities directly or through one or more agents or Subcustodians which are also qualified to act as custodians for investment companies. (ii) Securities held in a Securities System shall be subject to any agreements or rules effective between the Securities System and the Custodian or a Subcustodian, as the case may be. (iii) Any Securities deposited or maintained in a Securities System shall be held in an account ("“Account"”) of the Custodian or a Subcustodian in the Securities System that includes only assets held by the Custodian or a Subcustodian as a custodian or otherwise for customers. (iv) The books and records of the Custodian shall at all times identify those Securities belonging to any one or more Funds the Fund which are maintained in a Securities System. (v) The Custodian shall pay for Securities purchased for the account of a the Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that such Securities have been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such payment and transfer for the account of such the Fund. The Custodian shall transfer Securities sold for the account of a the Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that payment for such Securities has been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such transfer and payment for the account of such the Fund. Copies of all advices from the Securities System relating to transfers of Securities for the account of a the Fund shall be maintained for such Fund by the Custodian. Such copies may be maintained by the Custodian in electronic form. The Custodian shall make available to the Fund or its agent on the next business day, by Electronic Communication, facsimile, or other means reasonably acceptable to both parties, daily transaction activity that shall include each day’s transactions for the account of such the Fund. (vi) The Custodian shall, if requested by a the Fund pursuant to Instructions, provide such the Fund with reports obtained by the Custodian or any Subcustodian with respect to a Securities System's ’s accounting system, internal accounting control and procedures for safeguarding Securities deposited in the Securities System.

Manner of Holding Securities. (1) The Custodian shall at all times hold and segregate Securities of each the Fund either: (i) by physical possession of the share certificates or other instruments representing such Securities, in registered or bearer form; in the vault of the Custodian, Domestic Subcustodian, a Special Custodian, depository or agent of the Custodian; or in an account maintained by the Custodian or agent at a Securities System (as hereinafter defined); or (ii) in book-entry form by a Securities System in accordance with the provisions of sub-sub- paragraph (3) below; or (iii) confirming that such Security is been held by the Fund through the software system maintained by the Fund (the "Fund System"). The Fund hereby agrees that it shall register all such Securities on the Fund System in the Custodian's name on behalf of the Fund. It is hereby accepted and agreed that Cxxxxxxxx's confirmation of (i) the Security in the Fund System and (ii) that the Fund holds the cash available to purchase the Security will not constitute an "approval" of the purchase as a principal on behalf of the Fund. (2) The Custodian may hold registrable portfolio Securities which have been delivered to it in physical form, by registering the same in the name of the appropriate Fund or its nominee, or in the name of the Custodian or its nominee, for whose actions such the Fund and Custodian, respectively, shall be fully responsible. Upon the receipt of Instructions, the Custodian shall hold such Securities in street certificate form, so called, with or without any indication of representative capacity. However, unless it receives Instructions to the contrary, the Custodian will register all such portfolio Securities in the name of the Custodian's authorized nominee. All such Securities shall be held in an account of the Custodian containing only assets Assets of the appropriate Fund or only assets Assets held by the Custodian for the benefit of customers, provided that the records of the Custodian shall indicate at all times the Fund or other customer for which such Securities are held in such accounts and the respective interests therein. (3) The Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a the Fund in, and each the Fund hereby approves use of: (a) The Depository Trust & Clearing Corporation; (b) any other clearing agency registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“"SEC”") under section Section 17A of the Securities Exchange Act of 19341934 (the "Exchange Act"), which acts as a securities depository; and (c) a Federal Reserve Bank or other entity authorized to operate the federal book-entry system described in the regulations of the Department of the Treasury or book-entry systems operated pursuant to comparable regulations of other federal agencies. Upon the receipt of Special Instructions, the Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a the Fund in any other domestic clearing agency that may otherwise be authorized by the SEC to serve in the capacity of depository or clearing agent for the Securities or other assets of investment companies and that acts as a Securities depository. Each of the foregoing shall be referred to in this Agreement as a "Securities System", and all such Securities Systems shall be listed on the attached Appendix A. Use of a Securities System shall be in accordance with applicable Federal Reserve Board and SEC rules and regulations, if any, and subject to the following provisions: (i) The Custodian may deposit the Securities directly or through one or more agents or Subcustodians which are also qualified to act as custodians for investment companies. (ii) Securities held in a Securities System shall be subject to any agreements or rules effective between the Securities System and the Custodian or a Subcustodian, as the case may be. (iii) Any Securities deposited or maintained in a Securities System shall be held in an account ("Account") of the Custodian or a Subcustodian in the Securities System that includes only assets held by the Custodian or a Subcustodian as a custodian or otherwise for customers. (iv) The books and records of the Custodian shall at all times identify those Securities belonging to any one or more Funds the Fund which are maintained in a Securities System. (v) The Custodian shall pay for Securities purchased for the account of a the Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that such Securities have been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such payment and transfer for the account of such the Fund. The Custodian shall transfer Securities sold for the account of a the Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that payment for such Securities has been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such transfer and payment for the account of such the Fund. Copies of all advices from the Securities System relating to transfers of Securities for the account of a the Fund shall be maintained for such the Fund by the Custodian. Such copies may be maintained by the Custodian in electronic form. The Custodian shall make available to the Fund or its agent on the next business day, by Electronic Communication, facsimile, or other means reasonably acceptable to both parties, daily transaction activity that shall include each day’s 's transactions for the account of such the Fund. (vi) The Custodian shall, if requested by a the Fund pursuant to Instructions, provide such the Fund with reports obtained by the Custodian or any Subcustodian with respect to a Securities System's accounting system, internal accounting control and procedures for safeguarding Securities deposited in the Securities System.

Manner of Holding Securities. (1) The Custodian shall at all times hold Securities of each the Fund either: (i) by physical possession of the share certificates or other instruments representing such Securities, Securities in registered or bearer form; or (ii) in the vault of the Custodian, Domestic Subcustodian, a Special Custodian, depository or agent of the Custodian; or in an account maintained book‑entry form by the Custodian or agent at a Securities System (as hereinafter defined); or (ii) in book-entry form by a Securities System in accordance with the provisions of sub-paragraph sub‑paragraph (3) below. (2) The Custodian may hold registrable portfolio Securities which have been delivered to it in physical form, by registering the same in the name of the appropriate Fund or its nominee, or in the name of the Custodian or its nominee, for whose actions such the Fund and Custodian, respectively, shall be fully responsible. Upon the receipt of Instructions, the Custodian shall hold such Securities in street certificate form, so called, with or without any indication of representative fiduciary capacity. However, unless it receives Instructions to the contrary, the Custodian will register all such portfolio Securities in the name of the Custodian's authorized nominee. All such Securities shall be held in an account of the Custodian containing only assets of the appropriate Fund or only assets held by the Custodian for the benefit of customersas a fiduciary, provided that the records of the Custodian shall indicate at all times the Fund or other customer for which such Securities are held in such accounts and the respective interests therein. (3) The Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a the Fund in, and each the Fund hereby approves use of: (a) The Depository Trust & Clearing CorporationCompany; and (b) any other clearing agency registered with book‑entry system as provided in (i) Subpart O of Treasury Circular Nx. 000, 00 XXX 306.115, (ii) Subpart B of Treasury Circular Public Debt Series No. 27‑76, 31 CFR 350.2, or (iii) the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) under section 17A book‑entry regulations of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, which acts as a securities depository; and (c) a Federal Reserve Bank or other entity authorized to operate the federal book-entry system described agencies substantially in the regulations form of the Department of the Treasury or book-entry systems operated pursuant to comparable regulations of other federal agencies31 CFR 306.115. Upon the receipt of Special Instructions, the Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a the Fund in any other domestic clearing agency that registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") under Section 17A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (or as may otherwise be authorized by the SEC to serve in the capacity of depository or clearing agent for the Securities or other assets of investment companies and that companies) which acts as a Securities depository. Each of the foregoing shall be referred to in this Agreement as a "Securities System", ," and all such Securities Systems shall be listed on the attached Appendix A. Use of a Securities System shall be in accordance with applicable Federal Reserve Board and SEC rules and regulations, if any, and subject to the following provisions: (i) The Custodian may deposit the Securities directly or through one or more agents or Subcustodians which are also qualified to act as custodians for investment companies. (ii) The Custodian shall deposit and/or maintain the Securities held in a Securities System shall be subject to any agreements or rules effective between the System, provided that such Securities System and the Custodian or a Subcustodian, as the case may be. (iii) Any Securities deposited or maintained in a Securities System shall be held are represented in an account ("Account") of the Custodian or a Subcustodian in the Securities System that includes only assets held by the Custodian or a Subcustodian as a fiduciary, custodian or otherwise for customers. (iviii) The books and records of the Custodian shall at all times identify those Securities belonging to any one or more Funds the Fund which are maintained in a Securities System. (viv) The Custodian shall pay for Securities purchased for the account of a the Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that such Securities have been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such payment and transfer for the account of such the Fund. The Custodian shall transfer Securities sold for the account of a the Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that payment for such Securities has been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such transfer and payment for the account of such the Fund. Copies of all advices from the Securities System relating to transfers of Securities for the account of a the Fund shall be maintained for such the Fund by the Custodian. Such copies may be maintained by the Custodian in electronic form. The Custodian shall make available deliver to the Fund or its agent on the next succeeding business day, by Electronic Communication, facsimile, or other means reasonably acceptable to both parties, day daily transaction activity reports that shall include each day’s 's transactions in the Securities System for the account of the Fund. Such transaction reports shall be delivered to the Fund or any agent designated by the Fund pursuant to Instructions, by computer or in such Fundother manner as the Fund and Custodian may agree. (viv) The Custodian shall, if requested by a the Fund pursuant to Instructions, provide such the Fund with reports obtained by the Custodian or any Subcustodian with respect to a Securities System's accounting system, internal accounting control and procedures for safeguarding Securities deposited in the Securities System. (vi) Upon receipt of Special Instructions, the Custodian shall terminate the use of any Securities System on behalf of the Fund as promptly as practicable and shall take all actions reasonably practicable to safeguard the Securities of the Fund maintained with such Securities System.

Manner of Holding Securities. (1) The Custodian shall at all times hold Securities of each the Fund either: (i) by physical possession of the share certificates certificates, completed Subscription Agreements, or other instruments representing such Securities, in registered or bearer form; in the vault of the Custodian, Domestic Subcustodian, a Special Custodian, depository or agent of the Custodian; or in an account maintained by the Custodian or agent at a Securities System (as hereinafter defined); or (ii) in book-entry form by a Securities System in accordance with the provisions of sub-paragraph (3) below. (2) The Custodian may hold registrable portfolio Securities which have been delivered to it in physical form, by registering the same in the name of the appropriate Fund or its nominee, or in the name of the Custodian or its nominee, for whose actions such Fund and Custodian, respectively, shall be fully responsible. Upon the receipt of Instructions, the Custodian shall hold such Securities in street certificate form, so called, with or without any indication of representative capacity. However, unless it receives Instructions to the contrary, the Custodian will register all such portfolio Securities in the name of the Custodian's ’s authorized nominee. All such Securities shall be held in an account of the Custodian containing only assets of the appropriate Fund or only assets held by the Custodian for the benefit of customers, provided that the records of the Custodian shall indicate at all times the Fund or other customer for which such Securities are held in such accounts and the respective interests therein. (3) The Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a Fund in, and each the Fund hereby approves use of: (a) The Depository Trust & Clearing Corporation; (b) any other clearing agency registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) under section 17A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, which acts as a securities depository; and (c) a Federal Reserve Bank or other entity authorized to operate the federal book-entry system described in the regulations of the Department of the Treasury or book-entry systems operated pursuant to comparable regulations of other federal agencies. Upon the receipt of Special Instructions, the Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a Fund in any other domestic clearing agency that may otherwise be authorized by the SEC to serve in the capacity of depository or clearing agent for the Securities or other assets of investment companies and that acts as a Securities depository. Each of the foregoing shall be referred to in this Agreement as a "“Securities System"”, and all such Securities Systems shall be listed on the attached Appendix A. Use of a Securities System shall be in accordance with applicable Federal Reserve Board and SEC rules and regulations, if any, and subject to the following provisions: (i) The Custodian may deposit the Securities directly or through one or more agents or Subcustodians which are also qualified to act as custodians for investment companies. (ii) Securities held in a Securities System shall be subject to any agreements or rules effective between the Securities System and the Custodian or a Subcustodian, as the case may be. (iii) Any Securities deposited or maintained in a Securities System shall be held in an account ("“Account"”) of the Custodian or a Subcustodian in the Securities System that includes only assets held by the Custodian or a Subcustodian as a custodian or otherwise for customers. (iv) The books and records of the Custodian shall at all times identify those Securities belonging to any one or more Funds the Fund which are maintained in a Securities System. (v) The Custodian shall pay for Securities purchased for the account of a Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that such Securities have been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such payment and transfer for the account of such Fund. The Custodian shall transfer Securities sold for the account of a Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that payment for such Securities has been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such transfer and payment for the account of such Fund. Copies of all advices from the Securities System relating to transfers of Securities for the account of a Fund shall be maintained for such Fund by the Custodian. Such copies may be maintained by the Custodian in electronic form. The Custodian shall make available to the Fund or its agent on the next business day, by Electronic Communication, facsimile, or other means reasonably acceptable to both parties, daily transaction activity that shall include each day’s transactions for the account of such Fund. (vi) The Custodian shall, if requested by a Fund pursuant to Instructions, provide such Fund with reports obtained by the Custodian or any Subcustodian with respect to a Securities System's ’s accounting system, internal accounting control and procedures for safeguarding Securities deposited in the Securities System. (vii) The Custodian otherwise complies with the requirements of Rule 17f-4 under the 1940 Act.

Manner of Holding Securities. (1) The Custodian shall at all times hold Securities of each the Fund either: (ia) by physical possession of the share certificates or other instruments representing such Securities, Securities in registered or bearer form; in , subject to the vault of the Custodian, Domestic Subcustodian, a Special Custodian, depository or agent of the Custodian; or in an account maintained by the Custodian or agent at a Securities System (as hereinafter defined); or (ii) in book-entry form by a Securities System in accordance with the provisions of sub-paragraph (3) below.following provisions: (2i) The Custodian may hold registrable portfolio Securities which have been delivered to it in physical form, by registering the same in the name of the appropriate Fund or its nominee, or in the name of the Custodian or its nominee, for whose actions such the Fund and Custodian, respectively, shall be fully responsible. Upon the receipt of Proper Instructions, the Custodian shall hold such Securities in street certificate form, so called, with or without any indication of representative fiduciary capacity. HoweverThe Custodian will hold such securities in the Fund's name, unless it receives Instructions to the contraryunless, however, the Custodian will receives Proper Instructions to register all such portfolio Securities in the name of the Custodian's authorized nominee. All such Securities shall be held in an account of the Custodian containing only assets of the appropriate Fund or only assets held by the Custodian for the benefit of customersas a fiduciary, provided that the records of the Custodian shall indicate at all times the Fund or other customer for which such Securities are held in such accounts and the respective interests therein. (3) The Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a Fund in, and each Fund hereby approves use of: (a) The Depository Trust & Clearing Corporation; . or (b) any other clearing agency registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) under section 17A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, which acts as a securities depository; and (c) a Federal Reserve Bank or other entity authorized to operate the federal book-entry system described in the regulations of the Department of the Treasury or book-entry systems operated pursuant to comparable regulations of other federal agencies. Upon the receipt of Special Instructions, the Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a of the Fund in any other domestic clearing agency that may otherwise be authorized by the SEC to serve in the capacity of depository or clearing agent for the Securities or other assets of investment companies and that acts as a Securities depository. Each of the foregoing shall be referred to Depository or in this Agreement as a "Securities Book-Entry System", and all such Securities Systems shall be listed on the attached Appendix A. Use of a Securities System shall be in accordance with applicable Federal Reserve Board and SEC rules and regulations, if any, and subject to the following provisions: (i) The Prior to a deposit of Securities of the Fund in any Securities Depository or Book-Entry System, the Fund shall deliver to the Custodian may a resolution of the Board of Directors, certified by an Officer, authorizing and instructing the Custodian on an on-going basis to deposit in such Securities Depository or Book-Entry System all Securities eligible for deposit therein and to make use of such Securities Depository or Book-Entry System to the Securities directly or through one or more agents or Subcustodians which are also qualified to act as custodians for investment companiesextent possible and practical in connection with its performance hereunder, including, without limitation, in connection with settlements of purchases and sales of Securities, loans of Securities, and deliveries and returns of collateral consisting of Securities. (ii) Securities held of the Fund kept in a Book-Entry System or Securities System Depository shall be subject to any agreements or rules effective between the Securities System and the Custodian or a Subcustodian, as the case may be. (iii) Any Securities deposited or maintained in a Securities System shall be held kept in an account ("Depository Account") of the Custodian in such Book-Entry System or a Subcustodian in the Securities System that Depository which includes only assets held by the Custodian or a Subcustodian as a fiduciary, custodian or otherwise for customers. (iviii) The books and records of the Custodian shall at all times identify those with respect to Securities belonging to any one or more Funds which are of the Fund maintained in a Book-Entry System or Securities SystemDepository shall, by book-entry, identify such Securities as belonging to the Fund. (viv) The If Securities purchased by the Fund are to be held in a Book-Entry System or Securities Depository, the Custodian shall pay for such Securities purchased for the account of a Fund only upon (ai) receipt of advice from the Book-Entry System or Securities System Depository that such Securities have been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities SystemDepository Account, and (bii) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such payment and transfer for the account of such the Fund. The If Securities sold by the Fund are held in a Book-Entry System or Securities Depository, the Custodian shall transfer such Securities sold for the account of a Fund only upon (ai) receipt of advice from the Book-Entry System or Securities System Depository that payment for such Securities has been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities SystemDepository Account, and (bii) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such transfer and payment for the account of such Fund. Copies of all advices from the Securities System relating to transfers of Securities for the account of a Fund shall be maintained for such Fund by the Custodian. Such copies may be maintained by the Custodian in electronic form. The Custodian shall make available to the Fund or its agent on the next business day, by Electronic Communication, facsimile, or other means reasonably acceptable to both parties, daily transaction activity that shall include each day’s transactions for the account of such Fund. (viv) The Custodian shall, if requested by a Fund pursuant to Instructions, shall provide such the Fund with reports copies of any report (obtained by the Custodian from a Book-Entry System or any Subcustodian with respect to a Securities System's accounting system, Depository in which Securities of the Fund are kept) on the internal accounting control controls and procedures for safeguarding Securities deposited in such Book-Entry System or Securities Depository. (vi) Anything to the contrary in this Agreement notwithstanding, the Custodian shall be liable to the Fund for any loss or damage to the Fund resulting (i) from the use of a Book-Entry System or Securities SystemDepository by reason of any negligence or willful misconduct on the part of Custodian or any of its or their employees, or (ii) from failure of Custodian to enforce effectively such rights as it may have against a Book-Entry System or Securities Depository. At its election, the Fund shall be subrogated to the rights of the Custodian with respect to any claim against a Book-Entry System or Securities Depository or any other person from any loss or damage to the Fund arising from the use of such Book-Entry System or Securities Depository, if and to the extent that the Fund has not been made whole for any such loss or damage.

Manner of Holding Securities. (1) The Custodian shall at all times hold Securities of each Fund either: (i) by physical possession of the share certificates or other instruments representing such Securities, Securities in registered or bearer form; in the vault of the Custodian, Domestic Subcustodian, a Special Custodian, depository or agent of the Custodian; or in an account maintained by the Custodian or agent at a Securities System (as hereinafter defined); or (ii) in book-entry form by a Securities System (as hereinafter defined) in accordance with the provisions of sub-paragraph (3) below. (2) The Custodian may hold registrable portfolio Securities which have been delivered to it in physical form, by registering the same in the name of the appropriate Fund or its nominee, or in the name of the Custodian or its nominee, for whose actions such Fund and Custodian, respectively, shall be fully responsible. Upon the receipt of Instructions, the Custodian shall hold such Securities in street certificate form, so called, with or without any indication of representative fiduciary capacity. However, unless it receives Instructions to the contrary, the Custodian will register all such portfolio Securities in the name of the Custodian's authorized nominee. All such Securities shall be held in an account of the Custodian containing only assets of the appropriate Fund or only assets held by the Custodian for the benefit of customersas a fiduciary, provided that the records of the Custodian shall indicate at all times the Fund or other customer for which such Securities are held in such accounts and the respective interests therein. (3) The Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a Fund in, and each Fund hereby approves use of: (a) The Depository Trust & Clearing CorporationCompany; and (b) any other clearing agency registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) under section 17A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, which acts as a securities depository; and (c) a Federal Reserve Bank or other entity authorized to operate the federal book-entry system described as provided in (i) Subpart O of Treasury Circular No. 300, 31 CFR 306.115, (ii) Subpart B of Treasury Circular Xxxxxx Xxxx Xxxies No. 27-76, 31 CFR 350.2, or (iii) the regulations of the Department of the Treasury or book-entry systems operated pursuant to comparable regulations xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxes substantially in the form of other federal agencies31 CFR 306.115. Upon the receipt of Special Instructions, the Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a Fund in any other domestic clearing agency that registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") under Section 17A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (or as may otherwise be authorized by the SEC to serve in the capacity of depository or clearing agent for the Securities or other assets of investment companies and that companies) which acts as a Securities depository. Each of the foregoing shall be referred to in this Agreement as a "Securities System", and all such Securities Systems shall be listed on the attached Appendix A. Use of a Securities System shall be in accordance with applicable Federal Reserve Board and SEC rules and regulations, if any, and subject to the following provisions: (i) The Custodian may deposit the Securities directly or through one or more agents or Subcustodians which are also qualified to act as custodians for investment companies. (ii) The Custodian shall deposit and/or maintain the Securities held in a Securities System shall be subject to any agreements or rules effective between the System, provided that such Securities System and the Custodian or a Subcustodian, as the case may be. (iii) Any Securities deposited or maintained in a Securities System shall be held are represented in an account ("Account") of the Custodian or a Subcustodian in the Securities System that includes only assets held by the Custodian or a Subcustodian as a fiduciary, custodian or otherwise for customers. (iviii) The books and records of the Custodian shall at all times identify those Securities belonging to any one or more Funds which are maintained in a Securities System. (viv) The Custodian shall pay for Securities purchased for the account of a Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that such Securities have been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such payment and transfer for the account of such Fund. The Custodian shall transfer Securities sold for the account of a Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that payment for such Securities has been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such transfer and payment for the account of such Fund. Copies of all advices from the Securities System relating to transfers of Securities for the account of a Fund shall be maintained for such Fund by the Custodian. Such copies may be maintained by the Custodian in electronic form. The Custodian shall make available deliver to the a Fund or its agent on the next succeeding business day, by Electronic Communication, facsimile, or other means reasonably acceptable to both parties, day daily transaction activity reports that shall include each day’s 's transactions in the Securities System for the account of such Fund. Such transaction reports shall be delivered to such Fund or any agent designated by such Fund pursuant to Instructions, by computer or in such other manner as such Fund and Custodian may agree. (viv) The Custodian shall, if requested by a Fund pursuant to Instructions, provide such Fund with reports obtained by the Custodian or any Subcustodian with respect to a Securities System's accounting system, internal accounting control and procedures for safeguarding Securities deposited in the Securities System. (vi) Upon receipt of Special Instructions, the Custodian shall terminate the use of any Securities System on behalf of a Fund as promptly as practicable and shall take all actions reasonably practicable to safeguard the Securities of such Fund maintained with such Securities System.

Manner of Holding Securities. (1) The Custodian shall at all times hold Securities of each the Fund either: (i) by physical possession of the share certificates or other instruments representing such Securities, in registered or bearer form; in the vault of the Custodian, Domestic Subcustodian, a Special Custodian, depository or agent of the Custodian; or in an account maintained by the Custodian or agent at a Securities System (as hereinafter defined); or (ii) in book-entry form by a Securities System in accordance with the provisions of sub-paragraph (3) below. (2) The Custodian may hold registrable portfolio Securities which have been delivered to it in physical form, by registering the same in the name of the appropriate Fund or its nominee, or in the name of the Custodian or its nominee, for whose actions such Fund and Custodian, respectively, shall be fully responsible. Upon the receipt of Instructions, the Custodian shall hold such Securities in street certificate form, so called, with or without any indication of representative capacity. However, unless it receives Instructions to the contrary, the Custodian will register all such portfolio Securities in the name of the Custodian's authorized nominee. All such Securities shall be held in an account of the Custodian containing only assets of the appropriate Fund or only assets held by the Custodian for the benefit of customers, provided that the records of the Custodian shall indicate at all times the Fund or other customer for which such Securities are held in such accounts and the respective interests therein. (3) The Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a Fund in, and each the Fund hereby approves use of: (a) The Depository Trust & Clearing Corporation; (b) any other clearing agency registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) under section 17A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, which acts as a securities depository; and (c) a Federal Reserve Bank or other entity authorized to operate the federal book-entry system described in the regulations of the Department of the Treasury or book-entry systems operated pursuant to comparable regulations of other federal agencies. Upon the receipt of Special Instructions, the Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a Fund in any other domestic clearing agency that may otherwise be authorized by the SEC to serve in the capacity of depository or clearing agent for the Securities or other assets of investment companies and that acts as a Securities depository. Each of the foregoing shall be referred to in this Agreement as a "Securities System", and all such Securities Systems shall be listed on the attached Appendix A. Use of a Securities System shall be in accordance with applicable Federal Reserve Board and SEC rules and regulations, if any, and subject to the following provisions: (i) The Custodian may deposit the Securities directly or through one or more agents or Subcustodians which are also qualified to act as custodians for investment companies. (ii) Securities held in a Securities System shall be subject to any agreements or rules effective between the Securities System and the Custodian or a Subcustodian, as the case may be. (iii) Any Securities deposited or maintained in a Securities System shall be held in an account ("Account") of the Custodian or a Subcustodian in the Securities System that includes only assets held by the Custodian or a Subcustodian as a custodian or otherwise for customers. (iv) The books and records of the Custodian shall at all times identify those Securities belonging to any one or more Funds the Fund which are maintained in a Securities System. (v) The Custodian shall pay for Securities purchased for the account of a Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that such Securities have been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such payment and transfer for the account of such Fund. The Custodian shall transfer Securities sold for the account of a Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that payment for such Securities has been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such transfer and payment for the account of such Fund. Copies of all advices from the Securities System relating to transfers of Securities for the account of a Fund shall be maintained for such Fund by the Custodian. Such copies may be maintained by the Custodian in electronic form. The Custodian shall make available to the Fund or its agent on the next business day, by Electronic Communication, facsimile, or other means reasonably acceptable to both parties, daily transaction activity that shall include each day’s transactions for the account of such Fund. (vi) The Custodian shall, if requested by a Fund pursuant to Instructions, provide such Fund with reports obtained by the Custodian or any Subcustodian with respect to a Securities System's accounting system, internal accounting control and procedures for safeguarding Securities deposited in the Securities System. (vii) The Custodian otherwise complies with the requirements of Rule 17f-4 under the1 940 Act.

Manner of Holding Securities. (1) The Custodian shall at all times hold Securities of each Fund either: (i) by physical possession of the share certificates or other instruments representing such Securities, Securities in registered or bearer form; in the vault of the Custodian, Domestic Subcustodian, a Special Custodian, depository or agent of the Custodian; or in an account maintained by the Custodian or agent at a Securities System (as hereinafter defined); or (ii) in book-entry form by a Securities System (as hereinafter defined) in accordance with the provisions of sub-paragraph (3) below. (2) The Custodian may hold registrable portfolio Securities which have been delivered to it in physical form, by registering the same in the name of the appropriate Fund or its nominee, or in the name of the Custodian or its nominee, for whose actions such Fund and Custodian, respectively, shall be fully responsible. Upon the receipt of Instructions, the Custodian shall hold such Securities in street certificate form, so called, with or without any indication of representative fiduciary capacity. However, unless it receives Instructions to the contrary, the Custodian will register all such portfolio Securities in the name of the Custodian's authorized nominee. All such Securities shall be held in an account of the Custodian containing only assets of the appropriate Fund or only assets held by the Custodian for the benefit of customersas a fiduciary, provided that the records of the Custodian shall indicate at all times the Fund or other customer for which such Securities are held in such accounts and the respective interests therein. (3) The Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a Fund in, and each Fund hereby approves use of: (a) The Depository Trust & Clearing Corporation; Company; (b) any other clearing agency registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) under section 17A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, which acts as a securities depositoryThe Participants Trust Company; and (c) a Federal Reserve Bank or other entity authorized to operate the federal any book-entry system described as provided in (i) Subpart O of Treasury Circular No. 300, 31 CFR 306.115, (ii) Subpart B of Treasury Circulax Xxxxxx Xxxx Xeries No. 27-76, 31 CFR 350.2, or (iii) the regulations of the Department of the Treasury or book-entry systems operated pursuant to comparable regulations regulationx xx xxxxxxx xxxxcies substantially in the form of other federal agencies31 CFR 306.115. Upon the receipt of Special Instructions, the Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a Fund in any other domestic clearing agency that registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") under Section 17A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (or as may otherwise be authorized by the SEC to serve in the capacity of depository or clearing agent for the Securities or other assets of investment companies and that companies) which acts as a Securities depository. Each of the foregoing shall be referred to in this Agreement as a "Securities System", and all such Securities Systems shall be listed on the attached Appendix A. Use of a Securities System shall be in accordance with applicable Federal Reserve Board and SEC rules and regulations, if any, and subject to the following provisions: (i) The Custodian may deposit the Securities directly or through one or more agents or Subcustodians which are also qualified to act as custodians for investment companies. (ii) The Custodian shall deposit and/or maintain the Securities held in a Securities System shall be subject to any agreements or rules effective between the System, provided that such Securities System and the Custodian or a Subcustodian, as the case may be. (iii) Any Securities deposited or maintained in a Securities System shall be held are represented in an account ("Account") of the Custodian or a Subcustodian in the Securities System that includes only assets held by the Custodian or a Subcustodian as a fiduciary, custodian or otherwise for customers. (iviii) The books and records of the Custodian shall at all times identify those Securities belonging to any one or more Funds which are maintained in a Securities System. (viv) The Custodian shall pay for Securities purchased for the account of a Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that such Securities have been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such payment and transfer for the account of such Fund. The Custodian shall transfer Securities sold for the account of a Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that payment for such Securities has been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such transfer and payment for the account of such Fund. Copies of all advices from the Securities System relating to transfers of Securities for the account of a Fund shall be maintained for such Fund by the Custodian. Such copies may be maintained by the Custodian in electronic form. The Custodian shall make available deliver to the a Fund or its agent on the next succeeding business day, by Electronic Communication, facsimile, or other means reasonably acceptable to both parties, day daily transaction activity that reports which shall include each day’s 's transactions in the Securities System for the account of such Fund. Such transaction reports shall be delivered to such Fund or any agent designated by such Fund pursuant to Instructions, by computer or in such other manner as such Fund and Custodian may agree. (viv) The Custodian shall, if requested by a Fund pursuant to Instructions, provide such Fund with reports obtained by the Custodian or any Subcustodian with respect to a Securities System's accounting system, internal accounting control and procedures for safeguarding Securities deposited in the Securities System. (vi) Upon receipt of Special Instructions, the Custodian shall terminate the use of any Securities System on behalf of a Fund as promptly as practicable and shall take all actions reasonably practicable to safeguard the Securities of such Fund maintained with such Securities System.

Manner of Holding Securities. (1) The Custodian shall at all times hold Securities of each the Fund either: (i) by physical possession of the share certificates or other instruments representing such Securities, Securities in registered or bearer form; in the vault of the Custodian, Domestic Subcustodian, a Special Custodian, depository or agent of the Custodian; or in an account maintained by the Custodian or agent at a Securities System (as hereinafter defined); or (ii) in book-entry form by a Securities System (as hereinafter defined) in accordance with the provisions of sub-paragraph (3) below. (2) The Custodian may hold registrable portfolio Securities which have been delivered to it in physical form, by registering the same in the name of the appropriate Fund or its nominee, or in the name of the Custodian or its nominee, for whose actions such the Fund and Custodian, respectively, shall be fully responsible. Upon the receipt of Instructions, the Custodian shall hold such Securities in street certificate form, so called, with or without any indication of representative fiduciary capacity. However, unless it receives Instructions to the contrary, the Custodian will register all such portfolio Securities in the name of the Custodian's authorized nominee. All such Securities shall be held in an account of the Custodian containing only assets of the appropriate Fund or only assets held by the Custodian for the benefit of customersas a fiduciary, provided that the records of the Custodian shall indicate at all times the Fund or other customer for which such Securities are held in such accounts and the respective interests therein. (3) The Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a the Fund in, and each the Fund hereby approves use of: (a) The Depository Trust & Clearing Corporation; Company; (b) any other clearing agency registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) under section 17A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, which acts as a securities depositoryThe Participants Trust Company; and (c) a Federal Reserve Bank or other entity authorized to operate the federal any book-entry system described as provided in (i) Subpart O of Treasury Circular Xx. 000, 00 XXX 306.115, (ii) Subpart B of Treasury Circular Public Debt Series Xx. 00-00, 00 XXX 350.2, or (iii) the regulations of the Department of the Treasury or book-entry systems operated pursuant to comparable regulations of other federal agenciesagencies substantially in the form of 31 CFR 306.115. Upon the receipt of Special Instructions, the Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a the Fund in any other domestic clearing agency that registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") under Section 17A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (or as may otherwise be authorized by the SEC to serve in the capacity of depository or clearing agent for the Securities or other assets of investment companies and that companies) which acts as a Securities depository. Each of the foregoing shall be referred to in this Agreement as a "Securities System", and all such Securities Systems shall be listed on the attached Appendix A. Use of a Securities System shall be in accordance with applicable Federal Reserve Board and SEC rules and regulations, if any, and subject to the following provisions: (i) The Custodian may deposit the Securities directly or through one or more agents or Subcustodians which are also qualified to act as custodians for investment companies. (ii) The Custodian shall deposit and/or maintain the Securities held in a Securities System shall be subject to any agreements or rules effective between the System, provided that such Securities System and the Custodian or a Subcustodian, as the case may be. (iii) Any Securities deposited or maintained in a Securities System shall be held are represented in an account ("Account") of the Custodian or a Subcustodian in the Securities System that includes only assets held by the Custodian or a Subcustodian as a fiduciary, custodian or otherwise for customers. (iviii) The books and records of the Custodian shall at all times identify those Securities belonging to any one or more Funds the Fund which are maintained in a Securities System. (viv) The Custodian shall pay for Securities purchased for the account of a the Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that such Securities have been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such payment and transfer for the account of such the Fund. The Custodian shall transfer Securities sold for the account of a the Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that payment for such Securities has been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such transfer and payment for the account of such the Fund. Copies of all advices from the Securities System relating to transfers of Securities for the account of a the Fund shall be maintained for such the Fund by the Custodian. Such copies may be maintained by the Custodian in electronic form. The Custodian shall make available deliver to the Fund on the next succeeding business day daily transaction reports which shall include each day's transactions in the Securities System for the account of the Fund. Such transaction reports shall be delivered to the Fund or its any agent on designated by the next business dayFund pursuant to Instructions, by Electronic Communication, facsimile, computer or in such other means reasonably acceptable to both parties, daily transaction activity that shall include each day’s transactions for manner as the account of such FundFund and Custodian may agree. (viv) The Custodian shall, if requested by a the Fund pursuant to Instructions, provide such the Fund with reports obtained by the Custodian or any Subcustodian with respect to a Securities System's accounting system, internal accounting control and procedures for safeguarding Securities deposited in the Securities System. (vi) Upon receipt of Special Instructions, the Custodian shall ==================== terminate the use of any Securities System on behalf of the Fund as promptly as practicable and shall take all actions reasonably practicable to safeguard the Securities of the Fund maintained with such Securities System.

Manner of Holding Securities. (1) The Custodian shall at all times hold Securities of each the Fund either: : (iA) by physical possession of the share certificates or other instruments representing such Securities, Securities (in registered or bearer form; ): (i) in the vault of the Custodian, Domestic Subcustodian, a Special Custodian, depository depository, or agent of the Custodian; or (ii) in an account maintained by the Custodian or agent at a Securities System (as hereinafter defined); or or (iiB) in book-entry form by a Securities System in accordance with the provisions of sub-paragraph (3) below. (2) The Custodian may hold registrable portfolio Securities (which have been delivered to it in physical form, ) by registering the same in the name of the appropriate Fund (or its nominee, ) or in the name of the Custodian (or its nominee, ) for whose actions such Fund and Custodian, respectively, Party shall be fully responsible. Upon the receipt of Instructions, the Custodian shall hold such Securities in street certificate form, so called, with or without any indication of representative capacity. However, unless it receives Instructions to the contrary, the Custodian will register all such portfolio Securities in the name of the Custodian's ’s authorized nominee. All such Securities shall be held in an account of the Custodian containing only assets of the appropriate Fund or only assets held by the Custodian for the benefit of customers, ; provided that the records of the Custodian shall indicate at all times the Fund or other customer for which such Securities are held in such accounts and the respective interests therein. (3) The Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a the Fund in, in (and each the Fund hereby approves use of: ): (aA) The Depository Trust & Clearing Corporation; (bB) any other clearing agency registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) under section 17A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, which acts as a securities depository; and (cC) a Federal Reserve Bank or other entity authorized to operate the federal book-entry system described in the regulations of the Department of the Treasury or book-entry systems operated pursuant to comparable regulations of other federal agencies. Upon the receipt of Special Instructions, the Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a the Fund in any other domestic clearing agency that may otherwise be authorized by the SEC to serve in the capacity of depository or clearing agent for the Securities or other assets of investment companies and that acts as a Securities depository. Each of the foregoing shall be referred to in this Agreement as a "“Securities System"”, and all such Securities Systems shall be listed on the attached Appendix A. Use of a Securities System shall be in accordance with applicable Federal Reserve Board and SEC rules and regulations, if any, and subject to the following provisions: (i) The Custodian may deposit the Securities directly or through one or more agents or Subcustodians which are also qualified to act as custodians for investment companies. (ii) Securities held in a Securities System shall be subject to any agreements or rules effective between the Securities System and the Custodian or a Subcustodian, as the case may be. (iii) Any Securities deposited or maintained in a Securities System shall be held in an account ("“Account"”) of the Custodian or a Subcustodian in the Securities System that includes only assets held by the Custodian or a Subcustodian as a custodian or otherwise for customers. (iv) The books and records of the Custodian shall at all times identify those Securities belonging to any one or more Funds the Fund which are maintained in a Securities System. (v) The Custodian shall pay for Securities purchased for the account of a the Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that such Securities have been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, System and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such payment and transfer for the account of such the Fund. The Custodian shall transfer Securities sold for the account of a the Fund only upon (ay) receipt of advice from the Securities System that payment for such Securities has been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, System and (bz) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such transfer and payment for the account of such the Fund. Copies of all advices from the Securities System relating to transfers of Securities for the account of a the Fund shall be maintained for such the Fund by the Custodian. Such copies may be maintained by the Custodian in electronic form. The Custodian shall make available to the Fund or its agent on the next business day, day (by Electronic Communication, facsimile, or other means reasonably acceptable to both parties, Parties) daily transaction activity that shall include each day’s transactions for the account of such the Fund. (vi) The Custodian shall, if requested by a the Fund pursuant to Instructions, provide such the Fund with reports obtained by the Custodian or any Subcustodian with respect to a Securities System's ’s accounting system, internal accounting control control, and procedures for safeguarding Securities deposited in the Securities System. (vii) Custodian shall provide the Fund with reports required to be furnished by a custodian to the Fund pursuant to Rule 17f-4 under the 1940 Act and such other reports as may be agreed upon by the Parties. Upon request, Custodian shall provide to the Fund sub-certifications in connection with Xxxxxxxx-Xxxxx Act of 2002 certification requirements.

Manner of Holding Securities. (1) The Custodian shall at all times hold Securities of each Fund either: (i) by physical possession of the share certificates or other instruments representing such Securities, Securities in registered or bearer form; in the vault of the Custodian, Domestic Subcustodian, a Special Custodian, depository or agent of the Custodian; or in an account maintained by the Custodian or agent at a Securities System (as hereinafter defined); or (ii) in book-entry form by a Securities System (as hereinafter defined) in accordance with the provisions of sub-paragraph (3) below. (2) The Custodian may hold registrable portfolio Securities which have been delivered to it in physical form, by registering the same in the name of the appropriate Fund or its nominee, or in the name of the Custodian or its nominee, for whose actions such Fund and Custodian, respectively, shall be fully responsible. Upon the receipt of Instructions, the Custodian shall hold such Securities in street certificate form, so called, with or without any indication of representative fiduciary capacity. However, unless it receives Instructions to the contrary, the Custodian will register all such portfolio Securities in the name of the Custodian's authorized nominee. All such Securities shall be held in an account of the Custodian containing only assets of the appropriate Fund or only assets held by the Custodian for the benefit of customersas a fiduciary, provided that the records of the Custodian shall indicate at all times the Fund or other customer for which such Securities are held in such accounts and the respective interests therein. (3) The Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a Fund in, and each Fund hereby approves use of: (a) The Depository Trust & Clearing CorporationCompany; and (b) any other clearing agency registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) under section 17A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, which acts as a securities depository; and (c) a Federal Reserve Bank or other entity authorized to operate the federal book-entry system described as provided in (i) Subpart O of Treasury Circular No. 300, 31 CFR 306.115, (ii) Sxxxxxx X xx Xxxasury Circular Public Debt Series No. 27-76, 31 CFR 350.2, or (iii) xxx xxxx-xxxxx regulations of federal agencies substantially in the regulations form of the Department of the Treasury or book-entry systems operated pursuant to comparable regulations of other federal agencies31 CFR 306.115. Upon the receipt of Special Instructions, the Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a Fund in any other domestic clearing agency that registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") under Section 17A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (or as may otherwise be authorized by the SEC to serve in the capacity of depository or clearing agent for the Securities or other assets of investment companies and that companies) which acts as a Securities depository. Each of the foregoing shall be referred to in this Agreement as a "Securities System", and all such Securities Systems shall be listed on the attached Appendix A. Use of a Securities System shall be in accordance with applicable Federal Reserve Board and SEC rules and regulations, if any, and subject to the following provisions: (i) The Custodian may deposit the Securities directly or through one or more agents or Subcustodians which are also qualified to act as custodians for investment companies. (ii) The Custodian shall deposit and/or maintain the Securities held in a Securities System shall be subject to any agreements or rules effective between the System, provided that such Securities System and the Custodian or a Subcustodian, as the case may be. (iii) Any Securities deposited or maintained in a Securities System shall be held are represented in an account ("Account") of the Custodian or a Subcustodian in the Securities System that includes only assets held by the Custodian or a Subcustodian as a fiduciary, custodian or otherwise for customers. (iviii) The books and records of the Custodian shall at all times identify those Securities belonging to any one or more Funds which are maintained in a Securities System. (viv) The Custodian shall pay for Securities purchased for the account of a Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that such Securities have been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such payment and transfer for the account of such Fund. The Custodian shall transfer Securities sold for the account of a Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that payment for such Securities has been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such transfer and payment for the account of such Fund. Copies of all advices from the Securities System relating to transfers of Securities for the account of a Fund shall be maintained for such Fund by the Custodian. Such copies may be maintained by the Custodian in electronic form. The Custodian shall make available deliver to the a Fund or its agent on the next succeeding business day, by Electronic Communication, facsimile, or other means reasonably acceptable to both parties, day daily transaction activity reports that shall include each day’s 's transactions in the Securities System for the account of such Fund. Such transaction reports shall be delivered to such Fund or any agent designated by such Fund pursuant to Instructions, by computer or in such other manner as such Fund and Custodian may agree. (viv) The Custodian shall, if requested by a Fund pursuant to Instructions, provide such Fund with reports obtained by the Custodian or any Subcustodian with respect to a Securities System's accounting system, internal accounting control and procedures for safeguarding Securities deposited in the Securities System. (vi) Upon receipt of Special Instructions, the Custodian shall terminate the use of any Securities System on behalf of a Fund as promptly as practicable and shall take all actions reasonably practicable to safeguard the Securities of such Fund maintained with such Securities System.

Manner of Holding Securities. (1) The Custodian shall at all times hold Securities of each the Fund either: (i) by physical possession of the share certificates or other instruments representing such Securities, in registered or bearer form; in the vault of the Custodian, Domestic Subcustodian, a Special Custodian, depository or agent of the Custodian; or in an account maintained by the Custodian or agent at a Securities System (as hereinafter defined); or (ii) in book-entry form by a Securities System in accordance with the provisions of sub-paragraph (3) below. (2) The Custodian may hold registrable portfolio Securities which have been delivered to it in physical form, by registering the same in the name of the appropriate Fund or its nominee, or in the name of the Custodian or its nominee, for whose actions such the Fund and Custodian, respectively, shall be fully responsible. Upon the receipt of Instructions, the Custodian shall hold such Securities in street certificate form, so called, with or without any indication of representative capacity. However, unless it receives Instructions to the contrary, the Custodian will register all such portfolio Securities in the name of the Custodian's ’s authorized nominee. All such Securities shall be held in an account of the Custodian containing only assets of the appropriate Fund or only assets held by the Custodian for the benefit of customers, provided that the records of the Custodian shall indicate at all times the Fund or other customer for which such Securities are held in such accounts and the respective interests therein. (3) The Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a the Fund in, and each the Fund hereby approves use of: (a) The Depository Trust & Clearing Corporation; (b) any other clearing agency registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) under section 17A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, which acts as a securities depository; and (c) a Federal Reserve Bank or other entity authorized to operate the federal book-entry system described in the regulations of the Department of the Treasury or book-entry systems operated pursuant to comparable regulations of other federal agencies. Upon the receipt of Special Instructions, the Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a the Fund in any other domestic clearing agency that may otherwise be authorized by the SEC to serve in the capacity of depository or clearing agent for the Securities or other assets of investment companies and that acts as a Securities depository. Each of the foregoing shall be referred to in this Agreement as a "“Securities System"”, and all such Securities Systems shall be listed on the attached Appendix A. Use of a Securities System shall be in accordance with applicable Federal Reserve Board and SEC rules and regulations, if any, and subject to the following provisions: (i) The Custodian may deposit the Securities directly or through one or more agents or Subcustodians which are also qualified to act as custodians for investment companies. (ii) Securities held in a Securities System shall be subject to any agreements or rules effective between the Securities System and the Custodian or a Subcustodian, as the case may be. (iii) Any Securities deposited or maintained in a Securities System shall be held in an account ("“Account"”) of the Custodian or a Subcustodian in the Securities System that includes only assets held by the Custodian or a Subcustodian as a custodian or otherwise for customers. (iv) The books and records of the Custodian shall at all times identify those Securities belonging to any one or more Funds the Fund which are maintained in a Securities System. (v) The Custodian shall pay for Securities purchased for the account of a the Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that such Securities have been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such payment and transfer for the account of such the Fund. The Custodian shall transfer Securities sold for the account of a the Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that payment for such Securities has been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such transfer and payment for the account of such the Fund. Copies of all advices from the Securities System relating to transfers of Securities for the account of a the Fund shall be maintained for such the Fund by the Custodian. Such copies may be maintained by the Custodian in electronic form. The Custodian shall make available to the Fund or its agent on the next business day, by Electronic Communication, facsimile, or other means reasonably acceptable to both parties, daily transaction activity that shall include each day’s transactions for the account of such the Fund. (vi) The Custodian shall, if requested by a the Fund pursuant to Instructions, provide such the Fund with reports obtained by the Custodian or any Subcustodian with respect to a Securities System's ’s accounting system, internal accounting control and procedures for safeguarding Securities deposited in the Securities System. (vii) In connection with any Securities belonging to the Fund which are maintained in a Securities System, the Cusodian will comply with the requirements of Rule 17f-4 under the 1940 Act.

Manner of Holding Securities. (1) The Custodian shall at all times hold Securities of each Fund either: (i) by physical possession of the share certificates or other instruments representing such Securities, Securities in registered or bearer form; in the vault of the Custodian, Domestic Subcustodian, a Special Custodian, depository or agent of the Custodian; or in an account maintained by the Custodian or agent at a Securities System (as hereinafter defined); or (ii) in book-entry form by a Securities System (as hereinafter defined) in accordance with the provisions of sub-paragraph (3) below. (2) The Custodian may hold registrable portfolio Securities which have been delivered to it in physical form, by registering the same in the name of the appropriate Fund or its nominee, or in the name of the Custodian or its nominee, for whose actions such Fund and Custodian, respectively, shall be fully responsible. Upon the receipt of Instructions, the Custodian shall hold such Securities in street certificate form, so called, with or without any indication of representative fiduciary capacity. However, unless it receives Instructions to the contrary, the Custodian will register all such portfolio Securities in the name of the Custodian's authorized nominee. All such Securities shall be held in an account of the Custodian containing only assets of the appropriate Fund or only assets held by the Custodian for the benefit of customersas a fiduciary, provided that the records of the Custodian shall indicate at all times the Fund or other customer for which such Securities are held in such accounts and the respective interests interest therein. (3) The Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a Fund in, and each Fund hereby approves use of: (a) The Depository Trust & Clearing Corporation; Company; (b) any other clearing agency registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) under section 17A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, which acts as a securities depositoryThe Participants Trust Company; and (c) a Federal Reserve Bank or other entity authorized to operate the federal any book-entry system described as provided in (i) Subpart O of Treasury Circular No. 300, 31 CFR 306.115, (ii) Xxxxxxx X xx Xxxxxury Circular Public Debt Series No. 27-76, 31 CFR 350.2, or (iix) xxx xxxx-xxxxx regulations of federal agencies substantially in the regulations form of the Department of the Treasury or book-entry systems operated pursuant to comparable regulations of other federal agencies31 CFR 306.115. Upon the receipt of Special Instructions, the Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a Fund in any other domestic clearing agency that registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") under Section 17A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (or as may otherwise be authorized by the SEC to serve in the capacity of depository or clearing agent for the Securities or other assets of investment companies and that companies) which acts as a Securities depository. Each of the foregoing shall be referred referre to in this Agreement as a "Securities System", and all such Securities Systems shall be listed on the attached Appendix A. Use of a Securities System shall be in accordance with applicable Federal Reserve Board and SEC rules and regulations, if any, and subject to the following provisions: (i) The Custodian may deposit the Securities directly or through one or more agents or Subcustodians which are also qualified to act as custodians for investment companies. (ii) The Custodian shall deposit and/or maintain the Securities held in a Securities System shall be subject to any agreements or rules effective between the System, provided that such Securities System and the Custodian or a Subcustodian, as the case may be. (iii) Any Securities deposited or maintained in a Securities System shall be held are represented in an account ("Account") of the Custodian or a Subcustodian in the Securities System that includes only assets held by the Custodian or a Subcustodian as a fiduciary, custodian or otherwise for customers. (iviii) The books and records of the Custodian shall at all times identify those Securities belonging to any one or more Funds which are maintained in a Securities System. (viv) The Custodian shall pay for Securities purchased for the account of a Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that such Securities have been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such payment and transfer for the account of such Fund. The Custodian shall transfer Securities sold for the account of a Fund only upon (a) receipt receip of advice from the Securities System that payment for such Securities has been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such transfer and payment for the account of such Fund. Copies of all advices from the Securities System relating to transfers of Securities for the account of a Fund shall be maintained for such Fund by the Custodian. Such copies may be maintained by the Custodian in electronic form. The Custodian shall make available deliver to the a Fund or its agent on the next succeeding business day, by Electronic Communication, facsimile, or other means reasonably acceptable to both parties, day daily transaction activity that reports which shall include each day’s 's transactions in the Securities System for the account of such Fund. Such transaction reports shall be delivered to such Fund or any agent designated by such Fund pursuant to Instructions, by computer or in such other manner as such Fund and Custodian may agree. (viv) The Custodian shall, if requested by a Fund pursuant to Instructions, provide such Fund with reports obtained by the Custodian or any Subcustodian with respect to a Securities System's accounting system, internal accounting control and procedures for safeguarding Securities deposited in the Securities System. (vi) Upon receipt of Special Instructions, the Custodian shall terminate the use of any Securities System on behalf of a Fund as promptly as practicable and shall take all actions reasonably practicable to safeguard the Securities of such Fund maintained with such Securities System.

Manner of Holding Securities. (1) The Custodian shall at all times hold Securities of each the Fund either: (i) by physical possession of the share certificates or other instruments representing such Securities, Securities in registered or bearer form; in the vault of the Custodian, Domestic Subcustodian, a Special Custodian, depository or agent of the Custodian; or in an account maintained by the Custodian or agent at a Securities System (as hereinafter defined); or (ii) in book-entry form by a Securities System (as hereinafter defined) in accordance with the provisions of sub-paragraph (3) below. (2) The Custodian may hold registrable portfolio Securities which have been delivered to it in physical form, by registering the same in the name of the appropriate Fund or its nominee, or in the name of the Custodian or its nominee, for whose actions such the Fund and Custodian, respectively, shall be fully responsible. Upon the receipt of Instructions, the Custodian shall hold such Securities in street certificate form, so called, with or without any indication of representative fiduciary capacity. However, unless it receives Instructions to the contrary, the Custodian will register all such portfolio Securities in the name of the Custodian's authorized nominee. All such Securities shall be held in an account of the Custodian containing only assets of the appropriate Fund or only assets held by the Custodian for the benefit of customersas a fiduciary, provided that the records of the Custodian shall indicate at all times the Fund or other customer for which such Securities are held in such accounts and the respective interests therein. (3) The Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a the Fund in, and each the Fund hereby approves use of: (a) The Depository Trust & Clearing Corporation; Company; (b) any other clearing agency registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) under section 17A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, which acts as a securities depositoryThe Participants Trust Company; and (c) a Federal Reserve Bank or other entity authorized to operate the federal any book-entry system described as provided in (i) Subpart O of Treasury Circular No. 300, 31 CFR 306.115, (ii) Sxxxxxx X xx Xxxasury Circular Public Debt Series No. 27-76, 31 CFR 350.2, or (iii) xxx xxxx-xxxxx regulations of federal agencies substantially in the regulations form of the Department of the Treasury or book-entry systems operated pursuant to comparable regulations of other federal agencies31 CFR 306.115. Upon the receipt of Special Instructions, the Custodian may deposit and/or maintain domestic Securities owned by a the Fund in any other domestic clearing agency that registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") under Section 17A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (or as may otherwise be authorized by the SEC to serve in the capacity of depository or clearing agent for the Securities or other assets of investment companies and that companies) which acts as a Securities depository. Each of the foregoing shall be referred to in this Agreement as a "Securities System", and all such Securities Systems shall be listed on the attached Appendix A. Use of a Securities System shall be in accordance with applicable Federal Reserve Board and SEC rules and regulations, if any, and subject to the following provisions: (i) The Custodian may deposit the Securities directly or through one or more agents or Subcustodians which are also qualified to act as custodians for investment companies. (ii) The Custodian shall deposit and/or maintain the Securities held in a Securities System shall be subject to any agreements or rules effective between the System, provided that such Securities System and the Custodian or a Subcustodian, as the case may be. (iii) Any Securities deposited or maintained in a Securities System shall be held are represented in an account ("Account") of the Custodian or a Subcustodian in the Securities System that includes only assets held by the Custodian or a Subcustodian as a fiduciary, custodian or otherwise for the benefit of customers. (iviii) The books and records of the Custodian shall at all times identify those Securities belonging to any one or more Funds the Fund which are maintained in a Securities System. (viv) The Custodian shall pay for Securities purchased for the account of a the Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that such Securities have been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such payment and transfer for the account of such the Fund. The Custodian shall transfer Securities sold for the account of a the Fund only upon (a) receipt of advice from the Securities System that payment for such Securities has been transferred to the Account of the Custodian in accordance with the rules of the Securities System, and (b) the making of an entry on the records of the Custodian to reflect such transfer and payment for the account of such the Fund. Copies of all advices from the Securities System relating to transfers of Securities for the account of a the Fund shall be maintained for such the Fund by the Custodian. Such copies may be maintained by the Custodian in electronic form. The Custodian shall make available deliver to the Fund on the next succeeding business day daily transaction reports which shall include each day's transactions in the Securities System for the account of the Fund. Such transaction reports shall be delivered to the Fund or its any agent on designated by the next business dayFund pursuant to Instructions, by Electronic Communication, facsimile, computer or in such other means reasonably acceptable to both parties, daily transaction activity that shall include each day’s transactions for manner as the account of such FundFund and Custodian may agree. (viv) The Custodian shall, if requested by a the Fund pursuant to Instructions, provide such the Fund with reports obtained by the Custodian or any Subcustodian with respect to a Securities System's accounting system, internal accounting control and procedures for safeguarding Securities deposited in the Securities System. (vi) Upon receipt of Special Instructions, the Custodian shall terminate the use of any Securities System on behalf of the Fund as promptly as practicable and shall take all actions reasonably practicable to safeguard the Securities of the Fund maintained with such Securities System. (c) Free Delivery of Assets. Notwithstanding any other provision of this Agreement and except as provided in Section 3 hereof, the Custodian, upon receipt of Special Instructions, will undertake to make free delivery of Assets, provided such Assets are on hand and available, in connection with the Fund's transactions and to transfer such Assets to such broker, dealer, Subcustodian, bank, agent, Securities System or otherwise as specified in such Special Instructions.