Common use of Representations/Ethics and Disclosure/Sanctions Clause in Contracts

Representations/Ethics and Disclosure/Sanctions. The ‘Author(s)’ affirms the Author Representations noted below, and confirm that he/she has reviewed and complied with the relevant Instructions to Authors, Ethics in Publishing policy, Declarations of Interest disclosure and information for authors from countries affected by sanctions (Iran, Cuba, Sudan, Burma, Syria, or Crimea). Please note that the ‘Publisher’ may require that all co-authors sign and submit Declarations of Interest disclosure forms. The ‘Author(s)’ is also aware of the publisher’s policies with respect to: ▪ Retractions and withdrawal: Article Withdrawal by ASERS Publishing Only used for Articles in Press which represent early versions of articles and sometimes contain errors, or may have been accidentally submitted twice. Occasionally, but less frequently, the articles may represent infringements of professional ethical codes, such as multiple submission, bogus claims of authorship, plagiarism, fraudulent use of data or the like. Articles in Press (articles that have been accepted for publication but which have not been formally published and will not yet have the complete volume/issue/page information) that include errors, or are discovered to be accidental duplicates of other published article(s), or are determined to violate our journal publishing ethics guidelines in the view of the editors (such as multiple submission, bogus claims of authorship, plagiarism, fraudulent use of data or the like), may be ‘Withdrawn’ from ASERS Publishing. Withdrawn means that the article content (HTML and PDF) is removed and replaced with a HTML page and PDF simply stating that the article has been withdrawn according to the ASERS Publishing Policy on Article in Press Withdrawal with a link to the current policy document. Article Withdrawal by ‘Author(s)’ The ‘Author(s)’ could withdrawal the ‘Article’ before acceptation for publication for objective reasons, and the withdrawal must be made written to the Editor in Chief of the Journal. In case that the ‘Author(s)’ withdrawal the ‘Article’ after the acceptation and the payment of publication fee has been performed, ASERS Publishing will not refund the publication fee. The refund of publication fee could be possible only in case in which the ‘Publisher’ will not publish the ‘Article’ for any reasons, except the situation of plagiarism detection after the payment, or dual publication in any language of the same ‘Article’. In such a cases, the ‘Publisher’ will retract the paper from the Journal, webpage and databases in which the Journal is indexed without any compensation for the ‘Author(s)’. Article Retraction Infringements of professional ethical codes, such as multiple submission, bogus claims of authorship, plagiarism, fraudulent use of data or the like. Occasionally a retraction will be used to correct errors in submission or publication. The retraction of an article by its authors or the editor under the advice of members of the scholarly community has long been an occasional feature of the learned world. Standards for dealing with retractions have been developed by a number of library and scholarly bodies, and this best practice is adopted for article retraction by ASERS Publishing: ▪ A retraction note titled ‘Retraction: [article title]’ signed by the authors and/or the editor is published in the paginated part of a subsequent issue of the journal and listed in the contents list. ▪ In the electronic version, a link is made to the original article. ▪ The online article is preceded by a screen containing the retraction note. It is to this screen that the link resolves; the reader can then proceed to the article itself. ▪ The original article is retained unchanged save for a watermark on the .pdf indicating on each page that it is ‘retracted’. ▪ The HTML version of the document is removed. Article Removal: Legal limitations In an extremely limited number of cases, it may be necessary to remove an article from the online database. This will only occur where the article is clearly defamatory, or infringes others’ legal rights, or where the article is, or we have good reason to expect it will be, the subject of a court order, or where the article, if acted upon, might pose a serious health risk. In these circumstances, while the metadata (Title and Authors) will be retained, the text will be replaced with a screen indicating the article has been removed for legal reasons. Article Replacement In cases where the article, if acted upon, might pose a serious health risk, the authors of the original article may wish to retract the flawed original and replace it with a corrected version. In these circumstances the procedures for retraction will be followed with the difference that the database retraction notice will publish a link to the corrected re-published article and a history of the document. Refund policy It is a general principle of scholarly communication that the editor of a learned journal is solely and independently responsible for deciding which articles submitted to the journal shall be published. In making this decision the editor is guided by policies of the journal's editorial board and constrained by such legal requirements in force regarding libel, copyright infringement and plagiarism. An outcome of this principle is the importance of the scholarly archive as a permanent, historic record of the transactions of scholarship. Articles that have been published shall remain extant, exact and unaltered as far as is possible. However, very occasionally circumstances may arise where an article is published that must later be retracted or even removed. Such actions must not be undertaken lightly and can only occur under exceptional circumstances. In case of article withdrawal, article retraction, article removal from legal limitations, article replacement the author will not be refund, only if the withdrawal of the paper is made because of the delay in publishing which is more than 12 months from the moment of payment, by the fault of ASERS Publishing.

Representations/Ethics and Disclosure/Sanctions. The ‘Author(s)’ affirms the Author Representations noted below, and confirm that he/she has reviewed and complied with the relevant Instructions to Authors, Ethics in Publishing policy, Declarations of Interest disclosure and information for authors from countries affected by sanctions (Iran, Cuba, Sudan, Burma, Syria, or Crimea). Please note that the ‘Publisher’ may require that all co-authors sign and submit Declarations of Interest disclosure forms. The ‘Author(s)’ is also aware of the publisher’s policies with respect to: ▪ Retractions and withdrawal: Article Withdrawal by ASERS Publishing Only used for Articles in Press which represent early versions of articles and sometimes contain errors, or may have been accidentally submitted twice. Occasionally, but less frequently, the articles may represent infringements of professional ethical codes, such as multiple submission, bogus claims of authorship, plagiarism, fraudulent use of data or the like. Articles in Press (articles that have been accepted for publication but which have not been formally published and will not yet have the complete volume/issue/page information) that include errors, or are discovered to be accidental duplicates of other published article(s), or are determined to violate our journal publishing ethics guidelines in the view of the editors (such as multiple submission, bogus claims of authorship, plagiarism, fraudulent use of data or the like), may be ‘Withdrawn’ from ASERS Publishing. Withdrawn means that the article content (HTML and PDF) is removed and replaced with a HTML page and PDF simply stating that the article has been withdrawn according to the ASERS Publishing Policy on Article in Press Withdrawal with a link to the current policy document. Article Withdrawal by ‘Author(s)’ The ‘Author(s)’ could withdrawal the ‘Article’ before acceptation for publication for objective reasons, and the withdrawal must be made written to the Editor in Chief of the Journal. In case that the ‘Author(s)’ withdrawal the ‘Article’ after the acceptation and the payment of publication fee has been performed, ASERS Publishing will not refund the publication fee. The refund of publication fee could be possible only in case in which the ‘Publisher’ will not publish the ‘Article’ for any reasons, except the situation of plagiarism detection after the payment, or dual publication in any language of the same ‘Article’. In such a cases, the ‘Publisher’ will retract the paper from the Journal, webpage and databases in which the Journal is indexed without any compensation for the ‘Author(s)’. Article Retraction Infringements of professional ethical codes, such as multiple submission, bogus claims of authorship, plagiarism, fraudulent use of data or the like. Occasionally a retraction will be used to correct errors in submission or publication. The retraction of an article by its authors or the editor under the advice of members of the scholarly community has long been an occasional feature of the learned world. Standards for dealing with retractions have been developed by a number of library and scholarly bodies, and this best practice is adopted for article retraction by ASERS Publishing: ▪ A retraction note titled ‘Retraction: [article title]’ signed by the authors and/or the editor is published in the paginated part of a subsequent issue of the journal and listed in the contents list. ▪ In the electronic version, a link is made to the original article. ▪ The online article is preceded by a screen containing the retraction note. It is to this screen that the link resolves; the reader can then proceed to the article itself. ▪ The original article is retained unchanged save for a watermark on the .pdf indicating on each page that it is ‘retracted’. ▪ The HTML version of the document is removed. Article Removal: Legal limitations In an extremely limited number of cases, it may be necessary to remove an article from the online database. This will only occur where the article is clearly defamatory, or infringes others’ legal rights, or where the article is, or we have good reason to expect it will be, the subject of a court order, or where the article, if acted upon, might pose a serious health risk. In these circumstances, while the metadata (Title and Authors) will be retained, the text will be replaced with a screen indicating the article has been removed for legal reasons. Article Replacement In cases where the article, if acted upon, might pose a serious health risk, the authors of the original article may wish to retract the flawed original and replace it with a corrected version. In these circumstances the procedures for retraction will be followed with the difference that the database retraction notice will publish a link to the corrected re-published article and a history of the document. Refund policy ▪ It is a general principle of scholarly communication that the editor of a learned journal is solely and independently responsible for deciding which articles submitted to the journal shall be published. In making this decision the editor is guided by policies of the journal's editorial board and constrained by such legal requirements in force regarding libel, copyright infringement and plagiarism. An outcome of this principle is the importance of the scholarly archive as a permanent, historic record of the transactions of scholarship. Articles that have been published shall remain extant, exact and unaltered as far as is possible. However, very occasionally circumstances may arise where an article is published that must later be retracted or even removed. Such actions must not be undertaken lightly and can only occur under exceptional circumstances. ▪ In case of article withdrawal, article retraction, article removal from legal limitations, article replacement the author will not be refund, only if the withdrawal of the paper is made because of the delay in publishing which is more than 12 months from the moment of payment, by the fault of ASERS Publishing. ▪ The refund policy is not applicable in the following situations: the author(s) put pressure on Editorial Board’s members or/and the Editor in Chief of the Journal to publish faster; bully Editorial Board’s members or/and the Editor in Chief of the Journal; defamation and/or injuries brought to the Journal’s or Publisher’s reputation by the author(s). This will be applicable in cases in which the ‘Publisher’ respect the clauses and schedules of the ‘Agreement’ and the ‘Author’ understand and agree this clause by signing the ‘Agreement’.

Representations/Ethics and Disclosure/Sanctions. The ‘Author(s)’ affirms the Author Representations noted below, and confirm that he/she has reviewed and complied with the relevant Instructions to Authors, Ethics in Publishing policy, Declarations of Interest disclosure and information for authors from countries affected by sanctions (Iran, Cuba, Sudan, Burma, Syria, or Crimea). Please note that the ‘Publisher’ may require that tha t all co-co- authors sign and submit Declarations of Interest disclosure forms. The ‘Author(s)’ is also aware of the publisher’s policies with respect to: ▪ Retractions and withdrawal: Article Withdrawal by ASERS Publishing Only used for Articles in Press which represent early versions of articles and sometimes contain errors, or may have been accidentally submitted twice. Occasionally, but less frequently, the articles may represent infringements of professional ethical codes, such as multiple submission, bogus claims of authorship, plagiarism, fraudulent use of data or the like. Articles in Press (articles that have been accepted for publication but which have not been formally published and will not yet have the complete volume/issue/page information) that include errors, or are discovered to be accidental duplicates of other published article(s), or are determined to violate our journal publishing ethics guidelines in the view of the editors (such as multiple submission, bogus claims of authorship, plagiarism, fraudulent use of data or the like), may be ‘Withdrawn’ from ASERS Publishing. Withdrawn means that the article content (HTML and PDF) is removed and replaced with a HTML page and PDF simply stating that the article has been withdrawn according to the ASERS Publishing Policy on Article in Press Withdrawal with a link to the current policy document. Article Withdrawal by ‘Author(s)’ The ‘Author(s)’ could withdrawal the ‘Article’ before acceptation for publication for objective reasons, and the withdrawal must be made written to the Editor in Chief of the Journal. In case that the ‘Author(s)’ withdrawal the ‘Article’ after the acceptation and the payment of publication fee has been performed, ASERS Publishing will not refund the publication fee. The refund of publication fee could be possible only in case in which the ‘Publisher’ will not publish the ‘Article’ for any reasons, except the situation of plagiarism detection after the payment, or dual publication in any language of the same ‘Article’. In such a cases, the ‘Publisher’ will retract the paper from the Journal, webpage and databases in which the Journal is indexed without any compensation for the ‘Author(s)’. Article Retraction Infringements of professional ethical codes, such as multiple submission, bogus claims of authorship, plagiarism, fraudulent use of data or the like. Occasionally a retraction will be used to correct errors in submission or publication. The retraction of an article by its authors or the editor under the advice of members of the scholarly community has long been an occasional feature of the learned world. Standards for dealing with retractions have been developed by a number of library and scholarly bodies, and this best practice is adopted for article retraction by ASERS Publishing: ▪ A retraction note titled ‘Retraction: [article title]’ signed by the authors and/or the editor is published in the paginated part of a subsequent issue of the journal and listed in the contents list. ▪ In the electronic version, a link is made to the original article. ▪ The online article is preceded by a screen containing the retraction note. It is to this screen that the link resolves; the reader can then proceed to the article itself. ▪ The original article is retained unchanged save for a watermark on the .pdf indicating on each page that it is ‘retracted’. ▪ The HTML version of the document is removed. Article Removal: Legal limitations In an extremely limited number of cases, it may be necessary to remove an article from the online database. This will only occur where the article is clearly defamatory, or infringes others’ legal rights, or where the article is, or we have good reason to expect it will be, the subject of a court order, or where the article, if acted upon, might pose a serious health risk. In these circumstances, while the metadata (Title and Authors) will be retained, the text will be replaced with a screen indicating the article has been removed for legal reasons. Article Replacement In cases where the article, if acted upon, might pose a serious health risk, the authors of the original article may wish to retract the flawed original and replace it with a corrected version. In these circumstances the procedures for retraction will be followed with the difference that the database retraction notice will publish a link to the corrected re-published article and a history of the document. Refund policy It is a general principle of scholarly communication that the editor of a learned journal is solely and independently responsible for deciding which articles submitted to the journal shall be published. In making this decision the editor is guided by policies of the journal's editorial board and constrained by such legal requirements in force regarding libel, copyright infringement and plagiarism. An outcome of this principle is the importance of the scholarly archive as a permanent, historic record of the transactions of scholarship. Articles that have been published shall remain extant, exact and unaltered as far as is possible. However, very occasionally circumstances may arise where an article is published that must later be retracted or even removed. Such actions must not be undertaken lightly and can only occur under exceptional circumstances. In case of article withdrawal, article retraction, article removal from legal limitations, article replacement the author will not be refund, only if the withdrawal of the paper is made because of the delay in publishing which is more than 12 months from the moment of payment, by the fault of ASERS Publishing.

Representations/Ethics and Disclosure/Sanctions. The ‘Author(s)’ affirms the Author Representations noted below, and confirm that he/she has reviewed and complied with the relevant Instructions to Authors, Ethics in Publishing policy, Declarations of Interest disclosure and information for authors from countries affected by sanctions (Iran, Cuba, Sudan, Burma, Syria, or Crimea). Please note that the ‘Publisher’ may require that all co-authors sign and submit Declarations of Interest disclosure forms. The ‘Author(s)’ is also aware of the publisher’s policies with respect to: ▪ Retractions and withdrawal: Article Withdrawal by ASERS Publishing House Only used for Articles in Press which represent early versions of articles and sometimes contain errors, or may have been accidentally submitted twice. Occasionally, but less frequently, the articles may represent infringements of professional ethical codes, such as multiple submission, bogus claims of authorship, plagiarism, fraudulent use of data or the like. Articles in Press (articles that have been accepted for publication but which have not been formally published and will not yet have the complete volume/issue/page information) that include errors, or are discovered to be accidental duplicates of other published article(s), or are determined to violate our journal publishing ethics guidelines in the view of the editors (such as multiple submission, bogus claims of authorship, plagiarism, fraudulent use of data or the like), may be ‘Withdrawn’ from ASERS Publishing. Withdrawn means that the article content (HTML and PDF) is removed and replaced with a HTML page and PDF simply stating that the article has been withdrawn according to the ASERS Publishing Policy on Article in Press Withdrawal with a link to the current policy document. Article Withdrawal by ‘Author(s)’ The ‘Author(s)’ could withdrawal the ‘Article’ before acceptation for publication for objective reasons, and the withdrawal must be made written to the Editor in Chief of the Journal. In case that the ‘Author(s)’ withdrawal the ‘Article’ after the acceptation and the payment of publication fee has been performed, ASERS Publishing will not refund the publication fee. The refund of publication fee could be possible only in case in which the ‘Publisher’ will not publish the ‘Article’ for any reasons, except the situation of plagiarism detection after the payment, or dual publication in any language of the same ‘Article’. In such a cases, the ‘Publisher’ will retract the paper from the Journal, webpage and databases in which the Journal is indexed without any compensation for the ‘Author(s)’. Article Retraction Infringements of professional ethical codes, such as multiple submission, bogus claims of authorship, plagiarism, fraudulent use of data or the like. Occasionally a retraction will be used to correct errors in submission or publication. The retraction of an article by its authors or the editor under the advice of members of the scholarly community has long been an occasional feature of the learned world. Standards for dealing with retractions have been developed by a number of library and scholarly bodies, and this best practice is adopted for article retraction by ASERS Publishing: ▪ A retraction note titled ‘Retraction: _______________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ [article title]’ signed by the authors and/or the editor is published in the paginated part of a subsequent issue of the journal and listed in the contents list. ▪ In the electronic version, a link is made to the original article. ▪ The online article is preceded by a screen containing the retraction note. It is to this screen that the link resolves; the reader can then proceed to the article itself. ▪ The original article is retained unchanged save for a watermark on the .pdf indicating on each page that it is ‘retracted’. ▪ The HTML version of the document is removed. Article Removal: Legal limitations In an extremely limited number of cases, it may be necessary to remove an article from the online database. This will only occur where the article is clearly defamatory, or infringes others’ legal rights, or where the article is, or we have good reason to expect it will be, the subject of a court order, or where the article, if acted upon, might pose a serious health risk. In these circumstances, while the metadata (Title and Authors) will be retained, the text will be replaced with a screen indicating the article has been removed for legal reasons. Article Replacement In cases where the article, if acted upon, might pose a serious health risk, the authors of the original article may wish to retract the flawed original and replace it with a corrected version. In these circumstances the procedures for retraction will be followed with the difference that the database retraction notice will publish a link to the corrected re-published article and a history of the document. Refund policy It is a general principle of scholarly communication that the editor of a learned journal is solely and independently responsible for deciding which articles submitted to the journal shall be published. In making this decision the editor is guided by policies of the journal's editorial board and constrained by such legal requirements in force regarding libel, copyright infringement and plagiarism. An outcome of this principle is the importance of the scholarly archive as a permanent, historic record of the transactions of scholarship. Articles that have been published shall remain extant, exact and unaltered as far as is possible. However, very occasionally circumstances may arise where an article is published that must later be retracted or even removed. Such actions must not be undertaken lightly and can only occur under exceptional circumstances. In case of article withdrawal, article retraction, article removal from legal limitations, article replacement the author will not be refund, only if the withdrawal of the paper is made because of the delay in publishing which is more than 12 months from the moment of payment, by the fault of ASERS Publishing.

Representations/Ethics and Disclosure/Sanctions. The ‘Author(s)’ affirms the Author Representations noted below, and confirm that he/she has reviewed and complied with the relevant Instructions to Authors, Ethics in Publishing policy, Declarations of Interest disclosure and information for authors from countries affected by sanctions (Iran, Cuba, Sudan, Burma, Syria, or Crimea). Please note that the ‘“Publisher’ ” may require that all co-authors sign and submit Declarations of Interest disclosure forms. The ‘Author(s)’ is also aware of the publisher’s policies with respect to: ▪ Retractions and withdrawal: Article Withdrawal by ASERS Publishing Only used for Articles in Press which represent early versions of articles and sometimes contain errors, or may have been accidentally submitted twice. Occasionally, but less frequently, the articles may represent infringements of professional ethical codes, such as multiple submission, bogus claims of authorship, plagiarism, fraudulent use of data or the like. Articles in Press (articles that have been accepted for publication but which have not been formally published and will not yet have the complete volume/issue/page information) that include errors, or are discovered to be accidental duplicates of other published article(s), or are determined to violate our journal publishing ethics guidelines in the view of the editors (such as multiple submission, bogus claims of authorship, plagiarism, fraudulent use of data or the like), may be ‘Withdrawn’ from ASERS Publishing. Withdrawn means that the article content (HTML and PDF) is removed and replaced with a HTML page and PDF simply stating that the article has been withdrawn according to the ASERS Publishing Policy on Article in Press Withdrawal with a link to the current policy document. Article Withdrawal by ‘Author(s)’ The ‘Author(s)’ could withdrawal the ‘“Article’ ” before acceptation for publication for objective reasons, and the withdrawal must be made written to the Editor in Chief of the Journal. In case that the ‘Author(s)’ withdrawal the ‘“Article’ ” after the acceptation and the payment of publication fee has been performed, ASERS Publishing will not refund the publication fee. The refund of publication fee could be possible only in case in which the ‘“Publisher’ ” will not publish the ‘“Article’ ” for any reasons, except the situation of plagiarism detection after the payment, or dual publication in any language of the same ‘“Article’”. In such a cases, the ‘“Publisher’ ” will retract the paper from the Journal, webpage and databases in which the Journal is indexed without any compensation for the ‘Author(s)’. Article Retraction Infringements of professional ethical codes, such as multiple submission, bogus claims of authorship, plagiarism, fraudulent use of data or the like. Occasionally a retraction will be used to correct errors in submission or publication. The retraction of an article by its authors or the editor under the advice of members of the scholarly community has long been an occasional feature of the learned world. Standards for dealing with retractions have been developed by a number of library and scholarly bodies, and this best practice is adopted for article retraction by ASERS Publishing: ▪ A retraction note titled ‘Retraction: _______________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ [article title]’ signed by the authors and/or the editor is published in the paginated part of a subsequent issue of the journal and listed in the contents list. ▪ In the electronic version, a link is made to the original article. ▪ The online article is preceded by a screen containing the retraction note. It is to this screen that the link resolves; the reader can then proceed to the article itself. ▪ The original article is retained unchanged save for a watermark on the .pdf indicating on each page that it is ‘retracted’. ▪ The HTML version of the document is removed. Article Removal: Legal limitations In an extremely limited number of cases, it may be necessary to remove an article from the online database. This will only occur where the article is clearly defamatory, or infringes others’ legal rights, or where the article is, or we have good reason to expect it will be, the subject of a court order, or where the article, if acted upon, might pose a serious health risk. In these circumstances, while the metadata (Title and Authors) will be retained, the text will be replaced with a screen indicating the article has been removed for legal reasons. Article Replacement In cases where the article, if acted upon, might pose a serious health risk, the authors of the original article may wish to retract the flawed original and replace it with a corrected version. In these circumstances the procedures for retraction will be followed with the difference that the database retraction notice will publish a link to the corrected re-published article and a history of the document. Refund policy It is a general principle of scholarly communication that the editor of a learned journal is solely and independently responsible for deciding which articles submitted to the journal shall be published. In making this decision the editor is guided by policies of the journal's editorial board and constrained by such legal requirements in force regarding libel, copyright infringement and plagiarism. An outcome of this principle is the importance of the scholarly archive as a permanent, historic record of the transactions of scholarship. Articles that have been published shall remain extant, exact and unaltered as far as is possible. However, very occasionally circumstances may arise where an article is published that must later be retracted or even removed. Such actions must not be undertaken lightly and can only occur under exceptional circumstances. In case of article withdrawal, article retraction, article removal from legal limitations, article replacement the author will not be refund, only if the withdrawal of the paper is made because of the delay in publishing which is more than 12 months from the moment of payment, by the fault of ASERS Publishing.

Representations/Ethics and Disclosure/Sanctions. The ‘“Author(s)’ ” affirms the Author Representations noted below, and confirm that he/she has reviewed and complied with the relevant Instructions to Authors, Ethics in Publishing policy, Declarations of Interest disclosure and information for authors from countries affected by sanctions (Iran, Cuba, Sudan, Burma, Syria, or Crimea). Please note that the ‘“Publisher’ ” may require that all co-authors sign and submit Declarations of Interest disclosure forms. The ‘“Author(s)’ ” is also aware of the publisher’s policies with respect to: ▪ Retractions and withdrawal: Article Withdrawal by ASERS Publishing Only used for Articles in Press which represent early versions of articles and sometimes contain errors, or may have been accidentally submitted twice. Occasionally, but less frequently, the articles may represent infringements of professional ethical codes, such as multiple submission, bogus claims of authorship, plagiarism, fraudulent use of data or the like. Articles in Press (articles that have been accepted for publication but which have not been formally published and will not yet have the complete volume/issue/page information) that include errors, or are discovered to be accidental duplicates of other published article(s), or are determined to violate our journal publishing ethics guidelines in the view of the editors (such as multiple submission, bogus claims of authorship, plagiarism, fraudulent use of data or the like), may be ‘Withdrawn’ from ASERS Publishing. Withdrawn means that the article content (HTML and PDF) is removed and replaced with a HTML page and PDF simply stating that the article has been withdrawn according to the ASERS Publishing Policy on Article in Press Withdrawal with a link to the current policy document. Article Withdrawal by ‘Author(s)’ The ‘Author(s)’ could withdrawal the ‘“Article’ ” before acceptation for publication for objective reasons, and the withdrawal must be made written to the Editor in Chief of the Journal. In case that the ‘Author(s)’ withdrawal the ‘“Article’ ” after the acceptation and the payment of publication fee has been performed, ASERS Publishing will not refund the publication fee. The refund of publication fee could be possible only in case in which the ‘“Publisher’ ” will not publish the ‘“Article’ ” for any reasons, except the situation of plagiarism detection after the payment, or dual publication in any language of the same ‘“Article’”. In such a cases, the ‘“Publisher’ ” will retract the paper from the Journal, webpage and databases in which the Journal is indexed without any compensation for the ‘Author(s)’. Article Retraction Infringements of professional ethical codes, such as multiple submission, bogus claims of authorship, plagiarism, fraudulent use of data or the like. Occasionally a retraction will be used to correct errors in submission or publication. The retraction of an article by its authors or the editor under the advice of members of the scholarly community has long been an occasional feature of the learned world. Standards for dealing with retractions have been developed by a number of library and scholarly bodies, and this best practice is adopted for article retraction by ASERS Publishing: ▪ A retraction note titled ‘“Retraction: _______________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ [article title]’ ” signed by the authors and/or the editor is published in the paginated part of a subsequent issue of the journal and listed in the contents list. ▪ In the electronic version, a link is made to the original article. ▪ The online article is preceded by a screen containing the retraction note. It is to this screen that the link resolves; the reader can then proceed to the article itself. ▪ The original article is retained unchanged save for a watermark on the .pdf indicating on each page that it is ‘retracted’. ▪ The HTML version of the document is removed. Article Removal: Legal limitations In an extremely limited number of cases, it may be necessary to remove an article from the online database. This will only occur where the article is clearly defamatory, or infringes others’ legal rights, or where the article is, or we have good reason to expect it will be, the subject of a court order, or where the article, if acted upon, might pose a serious health risk. In these circumstances, while the metadata (Title and Authors) will be retained, the text will be replaced with a screen indicating the article has been removed for legal reasons. Article Replacement In cases where the article, if acted upon, might pose a serious health risk, the authors of the original article may wish to retract the flawed original and replace it with a corrected version. In these circumstances the procedures for retraction will be followed with the difference that the database retraction notice will publish a link to the corrected re-published article and a history of the document. Refund policy It is a general principle of scholarly communication that the editor of a learned journal is solely and independently responsible for deciding which articles submitted to the journal shall be published. In making this decision the editor is guided by policies of the journal's editorial board and constrained by such legal requirements in force regarding libel, copyright infringement and plagiarism. An outcome of this principle is the importance of the scholarly archive as a permanent, historic record of the transactions of scholarship. Articles that have been published shall remain extant, exact and unaltered as far as is possible. However, very occasionally circumstances may arise where an article is published that must later be retracted or even removed. Such actions must not be undertaken lightly and can only occur under exceptional circumstances. In case of article withdrawal, article retraction, article removal from legal limitations, article replacement the author will not be refund, only if the withdrawal of the paper is made because of the delay in publishing which is more than 12 months from the moment of payment, by the fault of ASERS Publishing.

Representations/Ethics and Disclosure/Sanctions. The ‘Author(s)’ affirms the Author Representations noted below, and confirm that he/she has reviewed and complied with the relevant Instructions to Authors, Ethics in Publishing policy, Declarations of Interest disclosure and information for authors from countries affected by sanctions (Iran, Cuba, Sudan, Burma, Syria, or Crimea). Please note that the ‘Publisher’ may require that all co-authors sign and submit Declarations of Interest disclosure forms. The ‘Author(s)’ is also aware of the publisher’s policies with respect to: ▪ Retractions and withdrawal: Article Withdrawal by ASERS Publishing Only used for Articles in Press which represent early versions of articles and sometimes contain errors, or may have been accidentally submitted twice. Occasionally, but less frequently, the articles may represent infringements of professional ethical codes, such as multiple submission, bogus claims of authorship, plagiarism, fraudulent use of data or the like. Articles in Press (articles that have been accepted for publication but which have not been formally published and will not yet have the complete volume/issue/page information) that include errors, or are discovered to be accidental duplicates of other published article(s), or are determined to violate our journal publishing ethics guidelines in the view of the editors (such as multiple submission, bogus claims of authorship, plagiarism, fraudulent use of data or the like), may be ‘Withdrawn’ from ASERS Publishing. Withdrawn means that the article content (HTML and PDF) is removed and replaced with a HTML page and PDF simply stating that the article has been withdrawn according to the ASERS Publishing Policy on Article in Press Withdrawal with a link to the current policy document. Article Withdrawal by ‘Author(s)’ The ‘Author(s)’ could withdrawal the ‘Article’ before acceptation for publication for objective reasons, and the withdrawal must be made written to the Editor in Chief of the Journal. In case that the ‘Author(s)’ withdrawal the ‘Article’ after the acceptation and the payment of publication fee has been performed, ASERS Publishing will not refund the publication fee. The refund of publication fee could be possible only in case in which the ‘Publisher’ will not publish the ‘Article’ for any reasons, except the situation of plagiarism detection after the payment, or dual publication in any language of the same ‘Article’. In such a cases, the ‘Publisher’ will retract the paper from the Journal, webpage and databases in which the Journal is indexed without any compensation for the ‘Author(s)’. Article Retraction Infringements of professional ethical codes, such as multiple submission, bogus claims of authorship, plagiarism, fraudulent use of data or the like. Occasionally a retraction will be used to correct errors in submission or publication. The retraction of an article by its authors or the editor under the advice of members of the scholarly community has long been an occasional feature of the learned world. Standards for dealing with retractions have been developed by a number of library and scholarly bodies, and this best practice is adopted for article retraction by ASERS Publishing: ▪ A retraction note titled ‘Retraction: [article title]’ signed by the authors and/or the editor is published in the paginated part of a subsequent issue of the journal and listed in the contents list. ▪ In the electronic version, a link is made to the original article. ▪ The online article is preceded by a screen containing the retraction note. It is to this screen that the link resolves; the reader can then proceed to the article itself. ▪ The original article is retained unchanged save for a watermark on the .pdf indicating on each page that it is ‘retracted’. ▪ The HTML version of the document is removed. Article Removal: Legal limitations In an extremely limited number of cases, it may be necessary to remove an article from the online database. This will only occur where the article is clearly defamatory, or infringes others’ legal rights, or where the article is, or we have good reason to expect it will be, the subject of a court order, or where the article, if acted upon, might pose a serious health risk. In these circumstances, while the metadata (Title and Authors) will be retained, the text will be replaced with a screen indicating the article has been removed for legal reasons. Article Replacement In cases where the article, if acted upon, might pose a serious health risk, the authors of the original article may wish to retract the flawed original and replace it with a corrected version. In these circumstances the procedures for retraction will be followed with the difference that the database retraction notice will publish a link to the corrected re-published article and a history of the document. Refund policy It is a general principle of scholarly communication that the editor of a learned journal is solely and independently responsible for deciding which articles submitted to the journal shall be published. In making this decision the editor is guided by policies of the journal's editorial board and constrained by such legal requirements in force regarding libel, copyright infringement and plagiarism. An outcome of this principle is the importance of the scholarly archive as a permanent, historic record of the transactions of scholarship. Articles that have been published shall remain extant, exact and unaltered as far as is possible. However, very occasionally circumstances may arise where an article is published that must later be retracted or even removed. Such actions must not be undertaken lightly and can only occur under exceptional circumstances. In case of article withdrawal, article retraction, article removal from legal limitations, article replacement the author will not be refund, only if the withdrawal of the paper is made because of the delay in publishing which is more than 12 months from the moment of payment, by the fault of ASERS Publishing.

Representations/Ethics and Disclosure/Sanctions. The ‘Author(s)’ affirms the Author Representations noted below, and confirm that he/she has reviewed and complied with the relevant Instructions to Authors, Ethics in Publishing policy, Declarations of Interest disclosure and information for authors from countries affected by sanctions (Iran, Cuba, Sudan, Burma, Syria, or Crimea). Please note that the ‘Publisher’ may require that all co-authors sign and submit Declarations of Interest disclosure forms. The ‘Author(s)’ is also aware of the publisher’s policies with respect to: ▪ Retractions and withdrawal: Article Withdrawal by ASERS Publishing Only used for Articles in Press which represent early versions of articles and sometimes contain errors, or may have been accidentally submitted twice. Occasionally, but less frequently, the articles may represent infringements of professional ethical codes, such as multiple submission, bogus claims of authorship, plagiarism, fraudulent use of data or the like. Articles in Press (articles that have been accepted for publication but which have not been formally published and will not yet have the complete volume/issue/page information) that include errors, or are discovered to be accidental duplicates of other published article(s), or are determined to violate our journal publishing ethics guidelines in the view of the editors (such as multiple submission, bogus claims of authorship, plagiarism, fraudulent use of data or the like), may be ‘Withdrawn’ from ASERS Publishing. Withdrawn means that the article content (HTML and PDF) is removed and replaced with a HTML page and PDF simply stating that the article has been withdrawn according to the ASERS Publishing Policy on Article in Press Withdrawal with a link to the current policy document. Article Withdrawal by ‘Author(s)’ The ‘Author(s)’ could withdrawal the ‘Article’ before acceptation for publication for objective reasons, and the withdrawal must be made written to the Editor in Chief of the Journal. In case that the ‘Author(s)’ withdrawal the ‘Article’ after the acceptation and the payment of publication fee has been performed, ASERS Publishing will not refund the publication fee. The refund of publication fee could be possible only in case in which the ‘Publisher’ will not publish the ‘Article’ for any reasons, except the situation of plagiarism detection after the payment, or dual publication in any language of the same ‘Article’. In such a cases, the ‘Publisher’ will retract the paper from the Journal, webpage and databases in which the Journal is indexed without any compensation for the ‘Author(s)’. Article Retraction Infringements of professional ethical codes, such as multiple submission, bogus claims of authorship, plagiarism, fraudulent use of data or the like. Occasionally a retraction will be used to correct errors in submission or publication. The retraction of an article by its authors or the editor under the advice of members of the scholarly community has long been an occasional feature of the learned world. Standards for dealing with retractions have been developed by a number of library and scholarly bodies, and this best practice is adopted for article retraction by ASERS Publishing: ▪ A retraction note titled ‘Retraction: _______________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ [article title]’ signed by the authors and/or the editor is published in the paginated part of a subsequent issue of the journal and listed in the contents list. ▪ In the electronic version, a link is made to the original article. ▪ The online article is preceded by a screen containing the retraction note. It is to this screen that the link resolves; the reader can then proceed to the article itself. ▪ The original article is retained unchanged save for a watermark on the .pdf indicating on each page that it is ‘retracted’. ▪ The HTML version of the document is removed. Article Removal: Legal limitations In an extremely limited number of cases, it may be necessary to remove an article from the online database. This will only occur where the article is clearly defamatory, or infringes others’ legal rights, or where the article is, or we have good reason to expect it will be, the subject of a court order, or where the article, if acted upon, might pose a serious health risk. In these circumstances, while the metadata (Title and Authors) will be retained, the text will be replaced with a screen indicating the article has been removed for legal reasons. Article Replacement In cases where the article, if acted upon, might pose a serious health risk, the authors of the original article may wish to retract the flawed original and replace it with a corrected version. In these circumstances the procedures for retraction will be followed with the difference that the database retraction notice will publish a link to the corrected re-published article and a history of the document. Refund policy It is a general principle of scholarly communication that the editor of a learned journal is solely and independently responsible for deciding which articles submitted to the journal shall be published. In making this decision the editor is guided by policies of the journal's editorial board and constrained by such legal requirements in force regarding libel, copyright infringement and plagiarism. An outcome of this principle is the importance of the scholarly archive as a permanent, historic record of the transactions of scholarship. Articles that have been published shall remain extant, exact and unaltered as far as is possible. However, very occasionally circumstances may arise where an article is published that must later be retracted or even removed. Such actions must not be undertaken lightly and can only occur under exceptional circumstances. In case of article withdrawal, article retraction, article removal from legal limitations, article replacement the author will not be refund, only if the withdrawal of the paper is made because of the delay in publishing which is more than 12 months from the moment of payment, by the fault of ASERS Publishing.

Representations/Ethics and Disclosure/Sanctions. The ‘Author(s)’ affirms the Author Representations noted below, and confirm that he/she has reviewed and complied with the relevant Instructions to Authors, Ethics in Publishing policy, Declarations of Interest disclosure and information for authors from countries affected by sanctions (Iran, Cuba, Sudan, Burma, Syria, or Crimea). Please note that the ‘Publisher’ may require that all co-authors sign and submit Declarations of Interest disclosure forms. The ‘Author(s)’ is also aware of the publisher’s policies with respect to: ▪ § Retractions and withdrawal: Article Withdrawal by ASERS Publishing Only used for Articles in Press which represent early versions of articles and sometimes contain errors, or may have been accidentally submitted twice. Occasionally, but less frequently, the articles may represent infringements of professional ethical codes, such as multiple submission, bogus claims of authorship, plagiarism, fraudulent use of data or the like. Articles in Press (articles that have been accepted for publication but which have not been formally published and will not yet have the complete volume/issue/page information) that include errors, or are discovered to be accidental duplicates of other published article(s), or are determined to violate our journal publishing ethics guidelines in the view of the editors (such as multiple submission, bogus claims of authorship, plagiarism, fraudulent use of data or the like), may be ‘Withdrawn’ from ASERS Publishing. Withdrawn means that the article content (HTML and PDF) is removed and replaced with a HTML page and PDF simply stating that the article has been withdrawn according to the ASERS Publishing Policy on Article in Press Withdrawal with a link to the current policy document. Article Withdrawal by ‘Author(s)’ The ‘Author(s)’ could withdrawal the ‘Article’ before acceptation for publication for objective reasons, and the withdrawal must be made written to the Editor in Chief of the Journal. In case that the ‘Author(s)’ withdrawal the ‘Article’ after the acceptation and the payment of publication fee has been performed, ASERS Publishing will not refund the publication fee. The refund of publication fee could be possible only in case in which the ‘Publisher’ will not publish the ‘Article’ for any reasons, except the situation of plagiarism detection after the payment, or dual publication in any language of the same ‘Article’. In such a cases, the ‘Publisher’ will retract the paper from the Journal, webpage and databases in which the Journal is indexed without any compensation for the ‘Author(s)’. Article Retraction Infringements of professional ethical codes, such as multiple submission, bogus claims of authorship, plagiarism, fraudulent use of data or the like. Occasionally a retraction will be used to correct errors in submission or publication. The retraction of an article by its authors or the editor under the advice of members of the scholarly community has long been an occasional feature of the learned world. Standards for dealing with retractions have been developed by a number of library and scholarly bodies, and this best practice is adopted for article retraction by ASERS Publishing: ▪ § A retraction note titled ‘Retraction: [article title]’ signed by the authors and/or the editor is published in the paginated part of a subsequent issue of the journal and listed in the contents list. ▪ § In the electronic version, a link is made to the original article. ▪ § The online article is preceded by a screen containing the retraction note. It is to this screen that the link resolves; the reader can then proceed to the article itself. ▪ § The original article is retained unchanged save for a watermark on the .pdf indicating on each page that it is ‘retracted’. ▪ § The HTML version of the document is removed. Article Removal: Legal limitations In an extremely limited number of cases, it may be necessary to remove an article from the online database. This will only occur where the article is clearly defamatory, or infringes others’ legal rights, or where the article is, or we have good reason to expect it will be, the subject of a court order, or where the article, if acted upon, might pose a serious health risk. In these circumstances, while the metadata (Title and Authors) will be retained, the text will be replaced with a screen indicating the article has been removed for legal reasons. Article Replacement In cases where the article, if acted upon, might pose a serious health risk, the authors of the original article may wish to retract the flawed original and replace it with a corrected version. In these circumstances the procedures for retraction will be followed with the difference that the database retraction notice will publish a link to the corrected re-published article and a history of the document. Refund policy § It is a general principle of scholarly communication that the editor of a learned journal is solely and independently responsible for deciding which articles submitted to the journal shall be published. In making this decision the editor is guided by policies of the journal's editorial board and constrained by such legal requirements in force regarding libel, copyright infringement and plagiarism. An outcome of this principle is the importance of the scholarly archive as a permanent, historic record of the transactions of scholarship. Articles that have been published shall remain extant, exact and unaltered as far as is possible. However, very occasionally circumstances may arise where an article is published that must later be retracted or even removed. Such actions must not be undertaken lightly and can only occur under exceptional circumstances. § In case of article withdrawal, article retraction, article removal from legal limitations, article replacement the author will not be refund, only if the withdrawal of the paper is made because of the delay in publishing which is more than 12 months from the moment of payment, by the fault of ASERS Publishing. § The refund policy is not applicable in the following situations: the author(s) put pressure on Editorial Board’s members or/and the Editor in Chief of the Journal to publish faster; bully Editorial Board’s members or/and the Editor in Chief of the Journal; defamation and/or injuries brought to the Journal’s or Publisher’s reputation by the author(s). This will be applicable in cases in which the ‘Publisher’ respect the clauses and schedules of the ‘Agreement’ and the ‘Author’ understand and agree this clause by signing the ‘Agreement’.