Surgical procedures. Chemotherapy for cancer, including catheterization, and associated drugs and supplies.
Surgical procedures. Limited only by Physician experience/training. (Surgical Procedures & Diagnostic Testing, Appendix B)
Surgical procedures. Any routine surgical procedure costs including injury or death from any routine procedure.
Surgical procedures. Surgical procedures rendered by a Physician, including surgical assistant Services rendered by a Physician, Registered Nurse First Assistant (RNFA) or a Physician Assistant acting as a surgical assistant when such assistance is Medically Necessary, include the following:
Surgical procedures. The indication for surgery was assessed by the multi-disciplinary heart team and was consisted with the institutional MISSION! heart failure protocol.2 Surgical left ventricular restoration according to the technique described by Xxx,3 CorCap (Acorn Cardiovascular Inc, St Xxxx, Minnesota) implantation1 and LVAD (HeartWare Inc, Framingham, Massachusetts) implantation16 were performed as previously described. All operations were performed using cardiopulmonary bypass, aortic cross-clamping and intermittent warm blood cardioplegia, except for the majority of LVAD patients. In those LVAD patients aortic cross-clamping was not necessary and implantation was performed on the beating heart with the use of cardiopulmonary bypass. Patients received an arterial line and a pulmonary artery 2 catheter for intra- and postoperative monitoring of blood pressure, cardiac output and pulmonary pressure. These data were used to calculate the cardiac index and systemic vascular resistance. Patients did not receive ACE inhibitors, ARBs and diuretics on the day of surgery. Continuous variables are expressed as mean ± standard deviation (SD) when normally distributed, or otherwise as median and interquartile range (IQR). Categorical variables are presented as numbers and percentages. Missing values for N-terminal fragment of pro-hormone of brain natriuretic peptide (NT-ProBNP) (N=66, 29%) and thyroxine (N=69, 31%) were replaced using multiple imputation (R package MICE, version 2.22), which was repeated a hundred times. Vasoplegic and non-vasoplegic patients were compared. Comparison of continuous data was performed using two-tailed unpaired Student t test for normally distributed variables or otherwise the Xxxx-Xxxxxxx U test. The Xxxxxx Xxxxx method was used to assess 90-day survival in vasoplegic and non-vasoplegic patients. The survival distributions were compared using the log-rank test. To explore the association of variables with the occurrence of vasoplegia, univariable logistic regression analysis was performed. Odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were reported. Next, all variables were entered one by one in a multivariable logistic regression, to assess their independent association with vasoplegia after adjusting for clinically relevant variables (age, sex and surgical procedure). Furthermore, to assess whether thyroxine levels were influenced by amiodarone use and/or thyroid hormonal replacement, these were entered in a separate multivariable logistic...
Surgical procedures. Animals were anesthetized using a cock- tail of ketamine, xylazine and aceproma- zine as described above. Spinal cord dor- sal column transections at cervical level C3 and anterograde labeling of the CST were performed as previously described 27, 28. After a stereotactically guided transection of the dorsal CST with a tungsten wire knife (Xxxxx Xxxx Instruments, Tujuna, USA) at cervical level C3, a total volume of 3 µl cell suspension containing 4.8-5.4 x 105 cells (n=8 NPC-BrdU; n=8 NPC- GFP; n=4 NPC-GFP/BrdU) was inject- ed directly into the lesion site through a pulled glass micropipette (200µm internal diameter) using a Picospritzer II (General Valve, Fairfield, USA). Animals receiving spinal cord lesions without cell transplan- tation (n=6) served as controls. Superna- tant from the last washing step after BrdU incubation was injected into 2 animals (3µl per animal) to control for extracellular BrdU contamination in the cell suspen- sion, which would produce unspecific la- beling of proliferating host cells. For anterograde tracing of the CST pro- jections, 300 nl of a 10% solution of bioti- nylated dextran-amine (BDA; 10.000 MW, Molecular Probes, Leiden, Netherlands) was injected through pulled glass micro- pipettes (40 µm internal diameter) into each of 18 sites per hemisphere spanning the rostrocaudal extent of the rat forelimb and hindlimb sensorimotor cortex using a PicoSpritzer II 27 1 week post lesioning/ grafting.
Surgical procedures. Spinal cord lesions, cell transplantation and anterograde labeling of the CST were performed as previously described 14, 19, 20. Cells were grafted immediately post-injury to maximize the potential growth respons- es of corticospinal axons and to ensure that the injured tips of corticospinal axons are in close proximity to the graft site. Briefly, the dorsal columns containing the dorsal CST were transected at cervical level C3 using a tungsten wire knife (Xxxxx Xxxx Instruments Tujuna, USA) leaving the surrounding dura intact. A total volume of 3 µl of a cell suspension containing either 2.4 x 105 NPC (prelabeled with BrdU) com- bined with 0.6 x 105 fibroblasts (NPC-FF; n=8) or 1.2 x 105 fibroblasts only (FF; n=8) was injected directly into the lesion site through a pulled glass micropipette (100 µm internal diameter) using a Picospritzer II (General Valve, Fairfield, USA). Animals receiving spinal cord lesions without cell transplantation (LESION; n=6) served as controls. For anterograde tracing of the CST pro- jections, 300 nl of a 10% solution of bioti- nylated dextran-amine (BDA; 10.000 MW, Molecular Probes, Leiden, Netherlands) was injected through pulled glass micro- pipettes (40 µm internal diameter) into each of 18 sites per hemisphere spanning the rostrocaudal extent of the rat forelimb and hindlimb sensorimotor cortex using a PicoSpritzer II 19 1 week post lesioning/ grafting.
Surgical procedures. If the physician recommends a surgical procedure to diagnose or treat infertility we will contact insurance to determine benefits. We require pre-payment of any patient responsibility prior to the procedure. If surgery is to be done in a hospital setting there will be additional facility charges (anesthesia, equipment use, etc.) billed by the hospital, and may result in a balance due directly to the hospital. We are a private practice, and have no involvement in the hospital’s billing practices. Please contact them directly with any questions about facility charges.
Surgical procedures. The indication for surgery was assessed by the multidisciplinary Heart Team, consisting of cardiologists, cardiothoracic surgeons, imaging specialists, heart failure specialists, and anesthesiologists.25 All operations were performed through midline sternotomy using CPB, aortic cross-clamping, and intermittent antegrade warm blood cardioplegia. RMA was performed for moderate to severe functional MR in all patients. Ring size was determined by measuring the anterior leaflet height and then downsizing by 2 ring sizes using a semirigid annuloplasty ring (Physio ring, Xxxxxxx Life Sciences, Irvine, CA). RMA was considered successful in case no or mild MR and a leaflet coaptation height of ≥8 mm were observed on transoesophageal echocardiography. Tricuspid valve repair was performed with an annuloplasty ring (Xxxxxxx Life Sciences MC3 ring or Xxxxxxx Physio Tricuspid) in patients with tricuspid regurgitation ≥ grade 3 or a tricuspid annular diameter ≥40 mm (or >21 mm/m2 body surface area). Concomitant implantation of a CorCap CSD (Acorn Cardiovascular, St. Xxxx, MN) was performed in patients with non-ischaemic heart failure and a preoperative left ventricular end-diastolic diameter ≥65 mm or indexed left ventricular end-diastolic diameter ≥30 mm/m2. The CSD is a passive external fabric mesh containment device that is implanted to reduce LV wall stress by providing circumferential diastolic support in order to prevent further LV remodelling. Concomitant myocardial revascularization was performed when indicated. Patients did not receive ACE inhibitors, ARBs, or diuretics on the day of surgery. Anaesthetics and haemodynamic monitoring Before induction all patients received an arterial catheter for invasive monitoring of blood pressure. A central venous catheter was inserted in the internal jugular vein and a flow-directed balloon-tipped pulmonary artery catheter (Xxxxxxx LifeSciences, Irvine, CA) was introduced after induction for continuous monitoring of cardiac output and pulmonary artery pressure. These data were used to calculate the cardiac index and systemic vascular resistance. Norepinephrine, 0.04 to 0.2 µg/kg/min, was started when the mean arterial pressure was <65 mmHg and the cardiac index was normal (after adequate administration of intravascular fluids if necessary). The aim was for a mean arterial pressure >65 mmHg and adequate end-organ perfusion. When a norepinephrine dosage >1 µg/kg/min was required, terlipressin was started. Both norepinephrine a...
Surgical procedures. All necessary procedures for extractions and other surgical procedures normally performed by a dentist. Treatment of disease of the pulp chamber and pulp canal. Procedures necessary for the treatment of diseases of the soft tissue (gums) and the bones surrounding and supporting the teeth.
