EXHIBIT 10.12
INDEMNITY AGREEMENT
This Indemnity Agreement, dated as of _________________, 2005, is made
by and between Somanta Incorporated, a Delaware corporation (the "Company"), and
_________________ (the "Indemnitee").
RECITALS
A. The Company is aware that competent and experienced persons
are increasingly reluctant to serve as directors, officers or agents of
corporations unless they are protected by comprehensive liability insurance or
indemnification, due to increased exposure to litigation costs and risks
resulting from their service to such corporations, and due to the fact that the
exposure frequently bears no reasonable relationship to the compensation of such
directors, officers and other agents.
B. The statutes and judicial decisions regarding the duties of
directors and officers are often difficult to apply, ambiguous, or conflicting,
and therefore fail to provide such directors, officers and agents with adequate,
reliable knowledge of legal risks to which they are exposed or information
regarding the proper course of action to take.
C. Plaintiffs often seek damages in such large amounts and the
costs of litigation may be so enormous (whether or not the case is meritorious),
that the defense and/or settlement of such litigation is often beyond the
personal resources of directors, officers and other agents.
D. The Company believes that it is unfair for its directors,
officers and agents and the directors, officers and agents of its subsidiaries
to assume the risk of huge judgments and other expenses which may occur in cases
in which the director, officer or agent received no personal profit and in cases
where the director, officer or agent was not culpable.
E. The Company recognizes that the issues in controversy in
litigation against a director, officer or agent of a corporation such as the
Company or its subsidiaries are often related to the knowledge, motives and
intent of such director, officer or agent, that he is usually the only witness
with knowledge of the essential facts and exculpating circumstances regarding
such matters, and that the long period of time which usually elapses before the
trial or other disposition of such litigation often extends beyond the time that
the director, officer or agent can reasonably recall such matters; and may
extend beyond the normal time for retirement for such director, officer or agent
with the result that he, after retirement or in the event of his death, his
spouse, heirs, executors or administrators, may be faced with limited ability
and undue hardship in maintaining an adequate defense, which may discourage such
a director, officer or agent from serving in that position.
F. Based upon their experience as business managers, the Board of
Directors of the Company (the "Board") has concluded that, to retain and attract
talented and experienced individuals to serve as directors, officers and agents
of the Company and its subsidiaries and to encourage such individuals to take
the business risks necessary for the success of the Company and its
subsidiaries, it is necessary for the Company to contractually indemnify its
directors, officers and agents and the directors, officers and agents of its
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subsidiaries, and to assume for itself maximum liability for expenses and
damages in connection with claims against such directors, officers and agents in
connection with their service to the Company and its subsidiaries, and has
further concluded that the failure to provide such contractual indemnification
could result in great harm to the Company and its subsidiaries and the Company's
stockholders.
G. Section 145 of the General Corporation Law of Delaware, under
which the Company is organized ("Section 145"), empowers the Company to
indemnify its directors, officers, employees and agents by agreement and to
indemnify persons who serve, at the request of the Company, as the directors,
officers, employees or agents of other corporations or enterprises, and
expressly provides that the indemnification provided by Section 145 is not
exclusive.
H. The Company desires and has requested the Indemnitee to serve
or continue to serve as a director, officer or agent of the Company and/or one
or more subsidiaries of the Company free from undue concern for claims for
damages arising out of or related to such services to the Company and/or one or
more subsidiaries of the Company.
I. Indemnitee is willing to serve, or to continue to serve, the
Company and/or one or more subsidiaries of the Company, provided that he is
furnished the indemnity provided for herein.
AGREEMENT
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NOW, THEREFORE, the parties hereto, intending to be legally bound,
hereby agree as follows:
1. Definitions.
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(a) Agent. For the purposes of this Agreement, "agent" of
the Company means any person who is or was a director, officer, employee or
other agent of the Company or a subsidiary of the Company; or is or was serving
at the request of, for the convenience of, or to represent the interests of the
Company or a subsidiary of the Company as a director, officer, employee or agent
of another foreign or domestic corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or
other enterprise; or was a director, officer, employee or agent of a foreign or
domestic corporation which was a predecessor corporation of the Company or a
subsidiary of the Company, or was a director, officer, employee or agent of
another enterprise at the request of, for the convenience of, or to represent
the interests of such predecessor corporation.
(b) Expenses. For purposes of this Agreement, "expenses"
include all out-of-pocket costs of any type or nature whatsoever (including,
without limitation, all attorneys' fees and related disbursements), actually and
reasonably incurred by the Indemnitee in connection with either the
investigation, defense or appeal of a proceeding or establishing or enforcing a
right to indemnification under this Agreement or Section 145 or otherwise;
provided, however, that "expenses" shall not include any judgments.
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(c) Proceeding. For the purposes of this Agreement,
"proceeding" means any threatened, pending, or completed action, suit or other
proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative, or investigative.
(d) Subsidiary. For purposes of this Agreement,
"subsidiary" means any corporation of which more than 50% of the outstanding
voting securities is owned directly or indirectly by the Company, by the Company
and one or more other subsidiaries, or by one or more other subsidiaries.
2. Agreement to Serve. The Indemnitee agrees to serve and/or
continue to serve as agent of the Company, at its will (or under separate
agreement, if such agreement exists), in the capacity Indemnitee currently
serves as an agent of the Company, so long as he is duly appointed or elected
and qualified in accordance with the applicable provisions of the Bylaws of the
Company or any subsidiary of the Company or until such time as he tenders his
resignation in writing; provided, however, that nothing contained in this
Agreement is intended to create any right to continued employment by Indemnitee.
3. Liability Insurance.
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(a) Maintenance of D&O Insurance. The Company hereby
covenants and agrees that, so long as the Indemnitee shall continue to serve as
an agent of the Company and thereafter so long as the Indemnitee shall be
subject to any possible proceeding by reason of the fact that the Indemnitee was
an agent of the Company, the Company, subject to Section 3(c), shall promptly
obtain and maintain in full force and effect directors' and officers' liability
insurance ("D&O Insurance") in reasonable amounts from established and reputable
insurers.
(b) Rights and Benefits. In all policies of D&O
Insurance, the Indemnitee shall be named as an insured in such a manner as to
provide the Indemnitee the same rights and benefits as are accorded to the most
favorably insured of the Company's directors, if the Indemnitee is a director;
or of the Company's officers, if the Indemnitee is not a director of the Company
but is an officer; or of the Company's key employees, if the Indemnitee is not a
director or officer but is a key employee.
(c) Limitation on Required Maintenance of D&O Insurance.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Company shall have no obligation to obtain or
maintain D&O Insurance if the Company determines in good faith that such
insurance is not reasonably available, the premium costs for such insurance are
disproportionate to the amount of coverage provided, the coverage provided by
such insurance is limited by exclusions so as to provide an insufficient
benefit, or the Indemnitee is covered by similar insurance maintained by a
subsidiary of the Company.
4. Mandatory Indemnification. Subject to Section 9 below, the
Company shall indemnify the Indemnitee as follows:
(a) Successful Defense. To the extent the Indemnitee has
been successful on the merits or otherwise in defense of any proceeding
(including, without limitation, an action by or in the right of the Company) to
which the Indemnitee was a party by reason of the fact that he is or was an
agent of the Company at any time, against all expenses of any type whatsoever
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actually and reasonably incurred by him in connection with the investigation,
defense or appeal of such proceeding.
(b) Third Party Actions. If the Indemnitee is a person
who was or is a party or is threatened to be made a party to any proceeding
(other than an action by or in the right of the Company) by reason of the fact
that he is or was an agent of the Company, or by reason of anything done or not
done by him in any such capacity, the Company shall indemnify the Indemnitee
against any and all expenses and liabilities of any type whatsoever (including,
but not limited to, judgments, fines, ERISA excise taxes and penalties, and
amounts paid in settlement) actually and reasonably incurred by him in
connection with the investigation, defense, settlement or appeal of such
proceeding, provided the Indemnitee acted in good faith and in a manner he
reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the Company
and its stockholders, and, with respect to any criminal action or proceeding,
had no reasonable cause to believe his conduct was unlawful.
(c) Derivative Actions. If the Indemnitee is a person who
was or is a party or is threatened to be made a party to any proceeding by or in
the right of the Company by reason of the fact that he is or was an agent of the
Company, or by reason of anything done or not done by him in any such capacity,
the Company shall indemnify the Indemnitee against all expenses actually and
reasonably incurred by him in connection with the investigation, defense,
settlement, or appeal of such proceeding, provided the Indemnitee acted in good
faith and in a manner he reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best
interests of the Company and its stockholders; except that no indemnification
under this subsection 4(c) shall be made in respect to any claim, issue or
matter as to which such person shall have been finally adjudged to be liable to
the Company by a court of competent jurisdiction unless and only to the extent
that the court in which such proceeding was brought shall determine upon
application that, despite the adjudication of liability but in view of all the
circumstances of the case, such person is fairly and reasonably entitled to
indemnity for such amounts which the court shall deem proper.
(d) Actions where Indemnitee is Deceased. If the
Indemnitee is a person who was or is a party or is threatened to be made a party
to any proceeding by reason of the fact that he is or was an agent of the
Company, or by reason of anything done or not done by him in any such capacity,
and if prior to, during the pendency or after completion of such proceeding
Indemnitee becomes deceased, the Company shall indemnify the Indemnitee's heirs,
executors and administrators against any and all expenses and liabilities of any
type whatsoever (including, but not limited to, judgments, fines, ERISA excise
taxes and penalties, and amounts paid in settlement) actually and reasonably
incurred to the extent Indemnitee would have been entitled to indemnification
pursuant to Sections 4(a), 4(b), or 4(c) above were Indemnitee still alive.
(e) Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Company shall not
be obligated to indemnify the Indemnitee for expenses or liabilities of any type
whatsoever (including, but not limited to, judgments, fines, ERISA excise taxes
and penalties, and amounts paid in settlement) for which payment is actually
made to or on behalf of Indemnitee under a valid and collectible insurance
policy of D&O Insurance, or under a valid and enforceable indemnity clause,
by-law or agreement.
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5. Partial Indemnification. If the Indemnitee is entitled under
any provision of this Agreement to indemnification by the Company for some or a
portion of any expenses or liabilities of any type whatsoever (including, but
not limited to, judgments, fines, ERISA excise taxes and penalties, and amounts
paid in settlement) incurred by him in the investigation, defense, settlement or
appeal of a proceeding, but not entitled, however, to indemnification for all of
the total amount hereof, the Company shall nevertheless indemnify the Indemnitee
for such total amount except as to the portion hereof to which the Indemnitee is
not entitled.
6. Mandatory Advancement of Expenses. Subject to Section 8(a)
below, the Company shall advance all expenses incurred by the Indemnitee in
connection with the investigation, defense, settlement or appeal of any
proceeding to which the Indemnitee is a party or is threatened to be made a
party by reason of the fact that the Indemnitee is or was an agent of the
Company. Indemnitee hereby undertakes to repay such amounts advanced only if,
and to the extent that, it shall be determined ultimately that the Indemnitee is
not entitled to be indemnified by the Company as authorized hereby. The advances
to be made hereunder shall be paid by the Company to the Indemnitee within
twenty (20) days following delivery of a written request therefor by the
Indemnitee to the Company. In the event that the Company fails to pay expenses
as incurred by the Indemnitee as required by this paragraph, Indemnitee may seek
mandatory injunctive relief from any court having jurisdiction to require the
Company to pay expenses as set forth in this paragraph. If Indemnitee seeks
mandatory injunctive relief pursuant to this paragraph, it shall not be a
defense to enforcement of the Company's obligations set forth in this paragraph
that Indemnitee has an adequate remedy at law for damages.
7. Notice and Other Indemnification Procedures.
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(a) Promptly after receipt by the Indemnitee of notice of
the commencement of or the threat of commencement of any proceeding, the
Indemnitee shall, if the Indemnitee believes that indemnification with respect
thereto may be sought from the Company under this Agreement, notify the Company
of the commencement or threat of commencement thereof.
(b) If, at the time of the receipt of a notice of the
commencement of a proceeding pursuant to Section 7(a) hereof, the Company has
D&O Insurance in effect, the Company shall give prompt notice of the
commencement of such proceeding to the insurers in accordance with the
procedures set forth in the respective policies. The Company shall thereafter
take all necessary or desirable action to cause such insurers to pay, on behalf
of the Indemnitee, all amounts payable as a result of such proceeding in
accordance with the terms of such policies.
(c) In the event the Company shall be obligated to pay
the expenses of any proceeding against the Indemnitee, the Company, if
appropriate, shall be entitled to assume the defense of such proceeding, with
counsel approved by the Indemnitee, upon the delivery to the Indemnitee of
written notice of its election so to do. After delivery of such notice, approval
of such counsel by the Indemnitee and the retention of such counsel by the
Company, the Company will not be liable to the Indemnitee under this Agreement
for any fees of counsel subsequently incurred by the Indemnitee with respect to
the same proceeding, provided that (i) the Indemnitee shall have the right to
employ his counsel in any such proceeding at the Indemnitee's expense; and (ii)
if (A) the employment of counsel by the Indemnitee has been previously
authorized by the Company, (B) the Indemnitee shall have reasonably concluded
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that there may be a conflict of interest between the Company and the Indemnitee
in the conduct of any such defense, or (C) the Company shall not, in fact, have
employed counsel to assume the defense of such proceeding, then the fees and
expenses of Indemnitee's counsel shall be at the expense of the Company.
8. Exceptions. Any other provision herein to the contrary
notwithstanding, the Company shall not be obligated pursuant to the terms of
this Agreement:
(a) Claims Initiated by Indemnitee. To indemnify or
advance expenses to the Indemnitee with respect to proceedings or claims
initiated or brought voluntarily by the Indemnitee and not by way of defense,
unless (i) such indemnification is expressly required to be made by law, (ii)
the proceeding was authorized by the Board, (iii) such indemnification is
provided by the Company, in its sole discretion, pursuant to the powers vested
in the Company under the General Corporation Law of Delaware or (iv) the
proceeding is brought to establish or enforce a right to indemnification under
this Agreement or any other statute or law or otherwise as required under
Section 145;
(b) Lack of Good Faith. To indemnify the Indemnitee for
any expenses incurred by the Indemnitee with respect to any proceeding
instituted by the Indemnitee to enforce or interpret this Agreement, if a court
of competent jurisdiction determines that each of the material assertions made
by the Indemnitee in such proceeding was not made in good faith or was
frivolous; or
(c) Unauthorized Settlements. To indemnify the Indemnitee
under this Agreement for any amounts paid in settlement of a proceeding unless
the Company consents to such settlement, which consent shall not be unreasonably
withheld.
9. Non-exclusivity. The provisions for indemnification and
advancement of expenses set forth in this Agreement shall not be deemed
exclusive of any other rights which the Indemnitee may have under any provision
of law, the Company's Certificate of Incorporation or Bylaws, the vote of the
Company's stockholders or disinterested directors, other agreements, or
otherwise, both as to action in his official capacity and to action in another
capacity while occupying his position as an agent of the Company, and the
Indemnitee's rights hereunder shall continue after the Indemnitee has ceased
acting as an agent of the Company and shall inure to the benefit of the heirs,
executors and administrators of the Indemnitee.
10. Enforcement. Any right to indemnification or advances granted
by this Agreement to Indemnitee shall be enforceable by or on behalf of
Indemnitee in any court of competent jurisdiction if (i) the claim for
indemnification or advances is denied, in whole or in part, or (ii) no
disposition of such claim is made within ninety (90) days of request therefor.
Indemnitee, in such enforcement action, if successful in whole or in part, shall
be entitled to be paid also the expense of prosecuting his claim. It shall be a
defense to any action for which a claim for indemnification is made under this
Agreement (other than an action brought to enforce a claim for expenses pursuant
to Section 6 hereof, provided that the required undertaking has been tendered to
the Company) that Indemnitee is not entitled to indemnification because of the
limitations set forth in Sections 4 and 8 hereof. Neither the failure of the
Corporation (including its Board of Directors or its stockholders) to have made
a determination prior to the commencement of such enforcement action that
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indemnification of Indemnitee is proper in the circumstances, nor an actual
determination by the Company (including its Board of Directors or its
stockholders) that such indemnification is improper, shall be a defense to the
action or create a presumption that Indemnitee is not entitled to
indemnification under this Agreement or otherwise.
11. Subrogation. In the event of payment under this Agreement, the
Company shall be subrogated to the extent of such payment to all of the rights
of recovery of Indemnitee, who shall execute all documents required and shall do
all acts that may be necessary to secure such rights and to enable the Company
effectively to bring suit to enforce such rights.
12. Survival of Rights.
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(a) All agreements and obligations of the Company
contained herein shall continue during the period Indemnitee is an agent of the
Company and shall continue thereafter so long as Indemnitee shall be subject to
any possible claim or threatened, pending or completed action, suit or
proceeding, whether civil, criminal, arbitrational, administrative or
investigative, by reason of the fact that Indemnitee was serving in the capacity
referred to herein.
(b) The Company shall require any successor to the
Company (whether direct or indirect, by purchase, merger, consolidation or
otherwise) to all or substantially all of the business or assets of the Company,
expressly to assume and agree to perform this Agreement in the same manner and
to the same extent that the Company would be required to perform if no such
succession had taken place.
13. Interpretation of Agreement. It is understood that the parties
hereto intend this Agreement to be interpreted and enforced so as to provide
indemnification to the Indemnitee to the fullest extent permitted by law
including those circumstances in which indemnification would otherwise be
discretionary.
14. Severability. If any provision or provisions of this Agreement
shall be held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable for any reason whatsoever,
(i) the validity, legality and enforceability of the remaining provisions of the
Agreement (including without limitation, all portions of any paragraphs of this
Agreement containing any such provision held to be invalid, illegal or
unenforceable, that are not themselves invalid, illegal or unenforceable) shall
not in any way be affected or impaired thereby, and (ii) to the fullest extent
possible, the provisions of this Agreement (including, without limitation, all
portions of any paragraph of this Agreement containing any such provision held
to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable, that are not themselves invalid,
illegal or unenforceable) shall be construed so as to give effect to the intent
manifested by the provision held invalid, illegal or unenforceable and to give
effect to Section 13 hereof.
15. Modification and Waiver. No supplement, modification or
amendment of this Agreement shall be binding unless executed in writing by both
of the parties hereto. No waiver of any of the provisions of this Agreement
shall be deemed or shall constitute a waiver of any other provisions hereof
(whether or not similar) nor shall such waiver constitute a continuing waiver.
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16. Notice. All notices, requests, demands and other
communications under this Agreement shall be in writing and shall be deemed duly
given (i) if delivered by hand and receipted for by the party addressee or (ii)
if mailed by certified or registered mail with postage prepaid, on the third
business day after the mailing date. Addresses for notice to either party are as
shown on the signature page of this Agreement, or as subsequently modified by
written notice.
17. Governing Law. This Agreement shall be governed exclusively by
and construed according to the laws of the State of Delaware as applied to
contracts between Delaware residents entered into and to be performed entirely
within Delaware.
The parties hereto have entered into this Indemnity Agreement effective
as of the date first above written.
COMPANY:
SOMANTA INCORPORATED
By:
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Title:
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Address: 00000 Xxx Xxxxxx Xxxxxx,
Xxxxx 000
Xxxxxx, XX 00000
INDEMNITEE:
By:
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Title: Director
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Address:
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