FIFTH AMENDED AND RESTATED LIMITED LIABILITY COMPANY OPERATING AGREEMENT OF MAGNACHIP SEMICONDUCTOR LLC, a Delaware limited liability company Dated as of February 12, 2010
Exhibit 3.3
FIFTH AMENDED AND RESTATED
OF
a Delaware limited liability company
Dated as of February 12, 2010
THE SECURITIES REPRESENTED BY THIS LIMITED LIABILITY COMPANY OPERATING AGREEMENT HAVE NOT BEEN
REGISTERED WITH THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS
AMENDED, OR REGISTERED OR QUALIFIED UNDER ANY STATE SECURITIES LAWS AND, AS SUCH, THEY MAY NOT BE
OFFERED FOR SALE, SOLD, DELIVERED AFTER SALE, TRANSFERRED, PLEDGED, OR HYPOTHECATED UNLESS THE
SECURITIES HAVE BEEN QUALIFIED AND REGISTERED UNDER APPLICABLE STATE AND FEDERAL SECURITIES LAWS OR
UNLESS SUCH QUALIFICATION AND REGISTRATION IS NOT LEGALLY REQUIRED. TRANSFER OF THE SECURITIES
REPRESENTED BY THIS LIMITED LIABILITY COMPANY OPERATING AGREEMENT MAY BE FURTHER SUBJECT TO THE
RESTRICTIONS, TERMS AND CONDITIONS SET FORTH HEREIN.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page | ||||||
ARTICLE I. ORGANIZATION |
1 | |||||
1.1 Formation; Effective Date |
1 | |||||
1.2 Name |
2 | |||||
1.3 Registered Agent; Offices |
2 | |||||
1.4 Purpose |
2 | |||||
1.5 Foreign Qualification |
2 | |||||
ARTICLE II. Membership Interests |
3 | |||||
2.1 Existing Members; New Members |
3 | |||||
2.2 Representations and Warranties |
4 | |||||
2.3 Units; Certification |
6 | |||||
2.4 Common Units |
6 | |||||
2.5 Information |
6 | |||||
2.6 Liability to Third Parties |
7 | |||||
2.7 Lack of Authority |
7 | |||||
2.8 Withdrawal |
7 | |||||
ARTICLE III. CAPITAL CONTRIBUTIONS |
7 | |||||
3.1 Contributions |
7 | |||||
3.2 Additional Capital Contributions and Return of Contributions |
7 | |||||
3.3 Advances by Members |
8 | |||||
3.4 Capital Accoun |
8 | |||||
3.5 Safe Harbor Election |
9 | |||||
ARTICLE IV. ALLOCATIONS AND DISTRIBUTIONS |
9 | |||||
4.1 Allocations |
9 | |||||
4.2 Distributions. |
12 | |||||
ARTICLE V. DIRECTORS |
13 | |||||
5.1 Delegation of Rights and Powers. |
13 | |||||
5.2 Number; Term |
14 | |||||
5.3 Vacancies; Removals |
14 | |||||
5.4 Subsidiaries |
15 | |||||
5.5 Meetings of the Board of Directors |
15 | |||||
5.6 Payments to Directors; Reimbursements |
16 | |||||
5.7 Competitive Opportunity |
16 | |||||
5.8 Committees |
17 | |||||
ARTICLE VI. OFFICERS |
17 | |||||
6.1 Designation and Appointment |
17 | |||||
6.2 Resignation and Removal |
17 | |||||
6.3 Duties of Officers Generally |
18 | |||||
6.4 Chairman of the Board |
18 |
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Page | |||||
6.5 Chief Executive Officer |
18 | ||||
6.6 President |
18 | ||||
6.7 Vice President(s) |
18 | ||||
6.8 Secretary |
18 | ||||
6.9 Treasurer |
19 | ||||
ARTICLE VII. MEETINGS OF MEMBERS |
19 | ||||
7.1 Meetings of Members |
19 | ||||
7.2 Notice |
19 | ||||
7.3 Quorum; Voting |
20 | ||||
7.4 Action by Written Consent |
20 | ||||
7.5 Record Date |
20 | ||||
7.6 Adjournment |
20 | ||||
7.7 Conversion |
20 | ||||
7.8 Merger and Consolidation |
21 | ||||
7.9 Sale of Assets |
21 | ||||
ARTICLE VIII. INDEMNIFICATION |
21 | ||||
8.1 Right to Indemnification |
21 | ||||
8.2 Insurance and Other Indemnification |
22 | ||||
ARTICLE IX. TAXES |
23 | ||||
9.1 Tax Returns |
23 | ||||
9.2 Tax Elections |
23 | ||||
9.3 Tax Allocations and Reports |
23 | ||||
9.4 Partnership for U.S. Federal Tax Purposes |
24 | ||||
9.5 Unrelated Business Taxable Income |
24 | ||||
ARTICLE X. BOOKS, RECORDS, REPORTS, AND BANK ACCOUNTS |
24 | ||||
10.1 Book |
24 | ||||
10.2 Company Funds |
24 | ||||
ARTICLE XI. DISSOLUTION, LIQUIDATION, AND TERMINATION |
25 | ||||
11.1 Dissolution |
25 | ||||
11.2 Liquidation and Termination |
25 | ||||
11.3 Deficit Capital Accounts |
26 | ||||
11.4 Certificate of Cancellation |
26 | ||||
ARTICLE XII. Transfer Restrictions |
26 | ||||
12.1 Limitations on Transfers |
26 | ||||
12.2 Drag-Along Rights |
27 | ||||
12.3 Holdback Agreement |
29 | ||||
ARTICLE XIII. GENERAL PROVISIONS |
29 | ||||
13.1 Offset |
29 | ||||
13.2 Notices |
29 | ||||
13.3 Entire Agreement |
30 |
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Page | |||||
13.4 Effect of Waiver or Consent |
30 | ||||
13.5 Amendment |
30 | ||||
13.6 Binding Act |
30 | ||||
13.7 Governing Law |
30 | ||||
13.8 Consent to Exclusive Jurisdiction |
30 | ||||
13.9 Severability |
31 | ||||
13.10 Further Assurances |
31 | ||||
13.11 No Third Party Benefit |
31 | ||||
13.12 Counterparts |
31 | ||||
13.13 Construction |
31 |
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a Delaware limited liability company
THIS FIFTH AMENDED AND RESTATED LIMITED LIABILITY COMPANY OPERATING AGREEMENT (this
“Agreement”) of MAGNACHIP SEMICONDUCTOR LLC (the “Company”) dated as of February
12, 2010 is entered into by and among the parties listed on Exhibit A attached hereto (the
“Existing Members”) and those other Persons (defined below) who become Members (defined
below) of the Company from time to time, as hereinafter provided. All capitalized terms used in
this Agreement and not otherwise are defined herein are defined in Annex I hereto.
ARTICLE I.
ORGANIZATION
ORGANIZATION
1.1 Formation; Effective Date. The Company was organized as a Delaware limited liability company
on November 26, 2003 by the filing of a certificate of formation (the “Certificate”) with
the Office of the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware under and pursuant to the Act
(defined below). The name of the Company was changed from “System Semiconductor Holding LLC” to
“MagnaChip Semiconductor LLC” on August 31, 2004 by the filing of a Certificate of Amendment to the
Certificate with the Office of the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware under and pursuant
to the Act. This Agreement, which further amends and restates the Fourth Amended and Restated
Limited Liability Company Operating Agreement of the Company dated as of November 9, 2009 (the
“Prior Agreement”), which had amended and restated the Third Amended and Restated Limited
Liability Company Operating Agreement of the Company dated as of October 6, 2004, which had amended
and restated the First Amended and Restated Limited Liability Company Operating Agreement of the
Company dated as of September 10, 2004, which had amended and restated the Operating Agreement of
the Company dated as of June 8, 2004, is made and filed in accordance with Section 13.5 of the
Prior Agreement by a Required Interest as of the date hereof (the “Effective Date”). The
Prior Agreement was filed with the United States Bankruptcy Court for the District of Delaware (the
“Bankruptcy Court”) pursuant to a plan of reorganization (as amended from time to time, the
“Chapter 11 Plan”) confirmed by an order of the Bankruptcy Court, dated August 25, 2009, in
In re: MagnaChip Semiconductor Finance Company, et al., Case No.: 09-12008 (PJW) under Chapter 11
of Title 11 of the United States Code (the “Order”) and became effective November 9, 2009
(the “Chapter 11 Plan Effective Date”). Pursuant to the Order and as set forth in the
Chapter 11 Plan, among other things, all equity securities of the Company issued and outstanding
immediately prior to the Chapter 11 Plan Effective Date and the Effective Date (as defined in the
Prior Agreement) of the Prior Agreement were discharged, terminated and cancelled. To the extent
that the rights or obligations of any Member are different by reason of any provision of this
Agreement than they would be in the absence of such provisions, this Agreement shall, to the extent
permitted by the Act, control. As used herein, “Act” means the Delaware Limited
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Liability Company Act (6 Del. C. § 18-101 et seq.), and any successor statute, as amended from time
to time.
1.2 Name. The name of the Company is “MagnaChip Semiconductor LLC” and all Company business must be
conducted in that name or in such other names that comply with applicable law as the Board of
Directors of the Company (the “Board of Directors”) may select from time to time.
1.3 Registered Agent; Offices. The registered agent and office of the Company required by the Act
to be maintained in the State of Delaware shall be National Corporate Research, Ltd., 000 X. XxXxxx
Xxxxxxx, Xxxxx, Xxxxxxxx 00000, or such other agent or office (which need not be a place of
business of the Company) as the Board of Directors may designate from time to time in the manner
provided by applicable law. The principal office of the Company shall be located at such place
within or without the State of Delaware, and the Company shall maintain such records, as the Board
of Directors shall determine from time to time. The Company may have such other offices as the
Board of Directors may designate from time to time.
1.4 Purpose.
(a) The nature or purpose of the business to be conducted or promoted by the Company is to (i)
purchase from time to time and hold equity and/or debt investment interests in MagnaChip
Semiconductor S.A., a company organized under the laws of Luxembourg (“MagnaChip
Luxembourg”), MagnaChip Semiconductor, Inc., a Delaware corporation (“MagnaChip US”)
and any successor to MagnaChip Luxembourg or MagnaChip US or any direct or indirect subsidiary of
such entities; (ii) engage in the semiconductor industry or related industries or purchase from
time to time and hold equity and/or debt investment interests in entities engaged in such
industries; (iii) perform all duties and activities as a controlling stockholder of MagnaChip
Luxembourg and MagnaChip US or their respective successors and manage the investments of the
Company; (iv) hold for investment, distribute and/or otherwise dispose of cash or property
distributed to the Company by MagnaChip Luxembourg or MagnaChip US or otherwise received by the
Company in connection with its business; and (v) engage in any and all activities necessary,
desirable or incidental to the accomplishment of the foregoing. Notwithstanding anything herein to
the contrary, nothing set forth herein shall be construed as authorizing the Company to possess any
purpose or power, or to do any act or thing, forbidden by law to a limited liability company
organized under the laws of the State of Delaware.
(b) Subject to the provisions of this Agreement, the Company shall have the power and
authority to take any and all actions necessary, appropriate, proper, advisable, convenient or
incidental to, or for the furtherance of, the purposes set forth in Section 1.4(a).
1.5 Foreign Qualification. The Board of Directors shall cause the Company to comply with all
requirements necessary to qualify the Company as a foreign limited liability company in any
jurisdiction where the nature of its business makes such qualification necessary or desirable;
provided that the Board of Directors shall provide to each Member such notice of
its intention to so qualify in any jurisdiction outside the United States as is reasonably
practicable, which such notice shall contain the name of the jurisdiction and the reason for such
qualification to the extent reasonably practicable. Subject to the preceding sentence, at the
request of the
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Board of Directors, each Member shall execute, acknowledge, and deliver all certificates and other
instruments conforming with this Agreement that are necessary or appropriate to qualify, continue,
or terminate the Company as a foreign limited liability company in all such jurisdictions in which
the Company may conduct business.
ARTICLE II.
MEMBERSHIP INTERESTS
MEMBERSHIP INTERESTS
2.1 Existing Members; New Members.
(a) The Existing Members of the Company are designated on Exhibit A. Pursuant to the
Order and as set forth in the Chapter 11 Plan, upon the Chapter 11 Plan Effective Date, the Prior
Agreement was deemed to be valid, binding and enforceable in accordance with its respective terms,
and each Member was bound thereby, in each case, without the need for execution by any party
thereto other than Avenue and the Company. The number of Common Units owned by each Member, such
Member’s Percentage Interest (defined below) of each class of Units (defined below) and such
Member’s Capital Contributions as of the date hereof are set forth on Exhibit A opposite
such Member’s name. Each Member’s Membership Interest shall be represented by Units of Membership
Interest.
(b) Subject to the approval by the Board of Directors, the Company shall have the right to
issue or sell to any Person (including Members and affiliates of Members) any of the following
(which for purposes of this Agreement shall be referred to as “Additional Interests”): (i)
additional Common Units and (ii) warrants, options, or other rights to purchase or otherwise
acquire Common Units. Subject to the provisions of this Agreement and approval by the Board of
Directors, the Company shall determine the number of each class or series of Units to be issued or
sold and the contribution required in connection with the issuance of such Additional Interests. In
order for a Person to be admitted as a new Member of the Company with respect to an Additional
Interest, with respect to Units that have been transferred pursuant to this Agreement or otherwise:
such Person shall have delivered to the Company a written undertaking in a form acceptable to the
Company to be bound by the terms and conditions of this Agreement and shall have delivered such
documents and instruments as the Company reasonably determines to be necessary or appropriate in
connection with the issuance of such Additional Interest to such Person or the transfer of Units to
such Person or to effect such Person’s admission as a Member. Thereafter, the Secretary of the
Company shall amend Exhibit A without the further vote, act or consent of any other Person
to reflect such new Person as a Member and shall make available for review a copy of such amended
Exhibit A to each Member. Upon the delivery of such documents and instruments, such Person
shall be admitted as a Member and deemed listed as such on the books and records of the Company and
thereupon shall be issued such Person’s Units.
(c) As used herein, the following terms shall have the following meanings:
(i) “Member” means (a) the Existing Members and (b) any Person
hereafter admitted to the Company as a member as provided in this Agreement but does
not include any Person who has ceased to be a member in the Company.
(ii) “Membership Interest” means a Member’s entire interest in the
Company, including such Member’s economic interest, the right to vote on or
participate in the Company’s management, and the right to receive information
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concerning the business and affairs of the Company, in each case, to the extent
expressly provided in this Agreement or required by the Act. A Member’s Membership
Interest is represented by the Units that it owns.
(iii) “Percentage Interest” means, with respect to any Member, the
percentage of the total number of Units of the class of Units in question owned by
such Member.
2.2 Representations and Warranties. Each Member hereby represents and warrants to the Company and
to each other Member that:
(a) Such Member has full legal right, power and authority (including the due authorization by
all necessary corporate, limited liability company or partnership action in the case of corporate,
limited liability company or partnership Members) to enter into this Agreement and to perform such
Member’s obligations hereunder without the need for the consent of any other Person; and this
Agreement has been duly authorized, executed and delivered and constitutes the legal, valid and
binding obligation of such Member enforceable against such Member in accordance with the terms
hereof.
(b) The Units are being received by such Member for investment and not with a view to any
distribution thereof that would violate the United States Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the
"Securities Act”), or the applicable securities laws of any state; such Member will not
distribute the Units in violation of the Securities Act or the applicable securities laws of any
state.
(c) Such Member is financially able to hold the Units for long-term investment, believes that
the nature and amount of the Units being acquired are consistent with such Member’s overall
investment program and financial position, and recognizes that there are substantial risks involved
in acquiring the Units. Such Member is aware that the Company may issue additional securities in
the future which could result in the dilution of such Member’s ownership interest in the Company.
(d) Such Member confirms that (i) such Member is familiar with the business of the Company,
(ii) such Member has had the opportunity to ask questions about the Company and to obtain (and that
such Member has received to its satisfaction) such information about the business and financial
condition of the Company as such Member has reasonably requested, and (iii) such Member, either
alone or with such Member’s representative (as defined in Rule 501(h) promulgated under the
Securities Act), if any, has such knowledge and experience in financial and business matters that
such Member is capable of evaluating the merits and risks of the prospective investment in the
Units.
(e) Such Member acknowledges and agrees that such Member’s Units cannot be sold, assigned,
transferred, exchanged or otherwise disposed of except in compliance with the terms of this
Agreement to which such Member is bound.
(f) If such Member is not a citizen of the United States of America, such Member hereby
represents that such Member is satisfied as to the full observance of the laws of such Member’s
jurisdiction of organization in connection with the acquisition of Units or any use of this
Agreement. Such Member’s acquisition of and continued ownership of, Units will not violate any
applicable securities or other laws of such Member’s jurisdiction of organization.
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(g) Such Member understands that the Units have not been registered under the Securities Act
or the securities laws of any state and may not be transferred, pledged or hypothecated except as
permitted under the Securities Act and applicable state securities laws pursuant to registration or
an exemption therefrom; such Member understands that any certificates evidencing the Units, or any
other securities issued in respect of the Units upon any split, dividend, recapitalization, merger,
consolidation or similar event, shall bear the following legend (in addition to any legend required
under applicable U.S. federal and state securities laws or called for by any agreement between the
Company and such Member):
“THE SECURITIES REPRESENTED HEREBY HAVE NOT BEEN REGISTERED UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT
OF 1933, AS AMENDED (THE “SECURITIES ACT”), OR UNDER THE SECURITIES LAWS OF
CERTAIN STATES. THESE SECURITIES MAY NOT BE OFFERED, SOLD OR OTHERWISE TRANSFERRED,
PLEDGED OR HYPOTHECATED EXCEPT AS PERMITTED UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT AND APPLICABLE
STATE SECURITIES LAWS PURSUANT TO REGISTRATION OR AN EXEMPTION THEREFROM. THE ISSUER
OF THESE SECURITIES MAY REQUIRE AN OPINION OF COUNSEL SATISFACTORY TO THE ISSUER
THAT SUCH OFFER, SALE OR TRANSFER, PLEDGE OR HYPOTHECATION OTHERWISE COMPLIES WITH
THE SECURITIES ACT AND ANY APPLICABLE STATE SECURITIES LAWS.
THE SECURITIES REPRESENTED BY THIS CERTIFICATE ARE SUBJECT TO CERTAIN RESTRICTIONS
ON TRANSFER, SALE, ASSIGNMENT, PLEDGE, ENCUMBRANCE OR OTHER SIMILAR TRANSFER AND
VOTING AS SET FORTH IN A LIMITED LIABILITY COMPANY OPERATING AGREEMENT AMONG THE
COMPANY AND THE ORIGINAL HOLDERS OF THESE SECURITIES, A COPY OF WHICH MAY BE
OBTAINED AT THE PRINCIPAL OFFICE OF THE COMPANY.”
; provided, however, that the forgoing legend shall not be required with
respect to any Units issued pursuant to Section 1145 of the Bankruptcy Reform Act of 1978, as
amended, and such Member understands and agrees that any certificates evidencing such Units shall
instead bear the following legend (in addition to any other legend required under applicable U.S.
federal and state securities laws or called for by any agreement between the Company and such
Member):
“THE SECURITIES REPRESENTED BY THIS CERTIFICATE HAS BEEN ISSUED PURSUANT TO AN
EXEMPTION FROM REGISTRATION UNDER SECTION 1145 OF THE BANKRUPTCY REFORM ACT OF 1978,
AS AMENDED (THE “BANKRUPTCY CODE”). THE SECURITIES MAY BE SOLD, OFFERED FOR
SALE, PLEDGED OR HYPOTHECATED WITHOUT REGISTRATION UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933,
AS AMENDED (THE “SECURITIES ACT”); PROVIDED THAT THE HOLDER IS NOT
DEEMED TO BE AN UNDERWRITER AS SUCH TERM IS DEFINED IN SECTION 1145(b) OF THE
BANKRUPTCY CODE. IF THE HOLDER IS
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DEEMED TO BE AN UNDERWRITER AS SUCH TERM IS DEFINED IN SECTION 1145(b) OF THE
BANKRUPTCY CODE, THEN THE SECURITIES MAY ONLY BE SOLD, OFFERED FOR SALE, PLEDGED OR
HYPOTHECATED UPON REGISTRATION UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OR RECEIPT OF AN OPINION OF
COUNSEL SATISFACTORY TO MAGNACHIP SEMICONDUCTOR LLC AND ITS COUNSEL THAT SUCH
DISPOSITION IS EXEMPT FROM THE REGISTRATION AND PROSPECTUS DELIVERY REQUIREMENTS OF
THE SECURITIES ACT AND OF ANY APPLICABLE STATE SECURITIES LAWS.
THE SECURITIES REPRESENTED BY THIS CERTIFICATE ARE SUBJECT TO CERTAIN RESTRICTIONS
ON TRANSFER, SALE, ASSIGNMENT, PLEDGE, ENCUMBRANCE OR OTHER SIMILAR TRANSFER AND
VOTING AS SET FORTH IN A LIMITED LIABILITY COMPANY OPERATING AGREEMENT AMONG THE
COMPANY AND THE ORIGINAL HOLDERS OF THESE SECURITIES, A COPY OF WHICH MAY BE
OBTAINED AT THE PRINCIPAL OFFICE OF THE COMPANY.”
2.3 Units; Certification. There shall be one class of Units consisting of units of common
Membership Interests in the Company (the “Common Units” or collectively, the
"Units”). As of the date hereof, and after giving effect to the transactions contemplated
hereby, there shall be authorized (i) Three Hundred Seventy Five Million (375,000,000) Common
Units, of which Three Hundred Seven Million Eighty-Three Thousand Nine Hundred Ninety-Six
(307,083,996) are issued and outstanding as of the Effective Date. The Company may, in its
discretion, issue certificates to the Members representing the Units held by each Member. To the
extent that the holder of a Unit is required by the other provisions of this Agreement to deliver
or surrender such holder’s certificates representing Units, then, in the event that the Units are
not certificated by the Company, the Company will provide a form to be completed and delivered by
such holder in lieu thereof.
2.4 Common Units. Except as otherwise provided herein, all Common Units shall be identical and
shall entitle the holders thereof to the same rights and privileges. The holders of Common Units
shall have the general right to vote for all purposes, including the election of directors of the
Board of Directors of the Company (“Directors”), as provided by applicable law and in
accordance with ARTICLE V hereof. Each holder of Common Units shall be entitled to one vote for
each unit thereof held. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary, to the extent prohibited by
Section 1123(a)(6) under chapter 11 of title 11 of the United States Code (the “Bankruptcy
Code”), the Company will not issue non-voting equity securities; provided,
however the foregoing restriction will (a) have no further force and effect beyond that
required under Section 1123 of the Bankruptcy Code, (b) only have such force and effect for so long
as Section 1123 of the Bankruptcy Code is in effect and applicable to the Company, and (c) in all
events may be amended or eliminated in accordance with applicable law as from time to time may be
in effect.
2.5 Information. The Company will provide or make available directly to each Member:
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(a) As soon as available but in any event within one hundred and twenty (120) days after the
end of each fiscal year, (A) audited consolidated annual financial statements (including an income
statement, balance sheet and statement of cash flows) of the Company, accompanied by (B) a
narrative discussion, prepared by the Company’s management, comparing the operations of the current
fiscal year and the previous fiscal year.
(b) As soon as available but in any event within sixty (60) days after the end of each of the
first three quarters of each fiscal year, unaudited quarterly consolidated financial statements
(including an income statement, balance sheet and statement of cash flows (each unaudited)) of the
Company.
(c) Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in this Section 2.5, the Company shall
not be required to provide information rights pursuant to Section 2.5 to any Member who is a direct
competitor of the Company or its Subsidiaries or to any Member whose Affiliate is a direct
competitor of the Company or its Subsidiaries (as determined in each case in good faith by the
Board of Directors). Each Member agrees to hold in confidence and trust and not to misuse or
disclose any confidential information provided pursuant to this Section 2.5.
2.6 Liability to Third Parties. Except as otherwise expressly provided by the Act, the debts,
obligations or liabilities of the Company, whether arising in contract, tort or otherwise, shall be
the debts, obligations and liabilities solely of the Company, and no Member shall be obligated
personally for any such debt, obligation or liability of the Company solely by reason of being a
Member.
2.7 Lack of Authority. No Member has the authority or power to act for or on behalf of the Company,
to do any act that would be binding on the Company, or to incur any expenditures on behalf of the
Company; provided that, this Section 2.7 shall not limit the rights of any Director
who is also a Member to act in such Member’s capacity as a Director.
2.8 Withdrawal. A Member does not have the right to withdraw from the Company as a Member (except
in connection with a transfer of its Units in accordance with this Agreement) and any attempt to
violate the provisions hereof shall be legally ineffective.
ARTICLE III.
CAPITAL CONTRIBUTIONS
CAPITAL CONTRIBUTIONS
3.1 Contributions. Each Member shall make or shall have made a Capital Contribution as provided for
in this Article III. As used herein, “Capital Contribution” means any contribution by a
Member to the capital of the Company; provided that upon the admission of a new
Member, the Capital Contribution of each Member shall be deemed equal to the capital account of
such Member as revalued pursuant to this Agreement.
3.2 Additional Capital Contributions and Return of Contributions. No Member shall be required to
make any additional Capital Contributions to the Company or to restore any deficit in such Member’s
capital account. A Member is not entitled to the return of any part of its Capital Contributions
or to be paid interest in respect of either its capital account or its Capital Contributions. An
unrepaid Capital Contribution is not a liability of the Company or of any Member.
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3.3 Advances by Members. With the consent of the Board of Directors, any Member may advance funds
to or on behalf of the Company on terms approved by the Board of Directors. An advance described in
this Section 3.3 constitutes a loan from the Member to the Company, and is not a Capital
Contribution.
3.4 Capital Account.
(a) A capital account shall be established and maintained for each Member. Such capital
accounts shall be subject to revaluation in accordance with Reg. § 1.704-1(b)(2)(iv)(f) at such
time as the Board of Directors shall determine.
(b) Each Member’s capital account:
(i) shall be increased by: (A) the amount of money contributed by that Member
to the Company, (B) the fair market value of property contributed by that Member to
the Company (net of liabilities secured by the contributed property that the Company
is considered to assume or take subject to under Section 752 of the Code), and (C)
allocations to that Member of Company income and gain (or items thereof), including
income and gain exempt from tax and income and gain described in Reg. §
1.704-1(b)(2)(iv)(g), but excluding income and gain described in Reg. §
1.704-1(b)(4)(i), and
(ii) shall be decreased by (A) the amount of money distributed to that Member
by the Company, (B) the fair market value of property distributed to that Member by
the Company (net of liabilities secured by the distributed property that the Member
is considered to assume or take subject to under Section 752 of the Code), (C)
allocations to that Member of expenditures of the Company described in Section
705(a)(2)(B) of the Code, and (D) allocations of Company loss and deduction (or
items thereof), including loss and deduction described in Reg. §
1.704-1(b)(2)(iv)(g), but excluding items described in clause (b)(ii)(C) above and
loss or deduction described in Reg. § 1.704-1(b)(4)(i) or § 1.704-1(b)(4)(iii). As
used herein, “Code” means the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 and any
successor statute, as amended from time to time, and “Reg.” means the Income
Tax Regulations, including Temporary Regulations, promulgated under the Code, as
such regulations may be amended from time to time (including corresponding
provisions of succeeding regulations).
(c) The Members’ capital accounts also shall be maintained and adjusted as permitted by the
provisions of Reg. § 1.704-1(b)(2)(iv) (f) and as required by the other provisions of Reg. §§
1.704-1(b)(2)(iv) and 1.704-1(b)(4), including adjustments to reflect the allocations to the
Members of depreciation, depletion, amortization, and gain or loss as computed for book purposes
rather than the allocation of the corresponding items as computed for tax purposes, as required by
Reg. § 1.704-l(b)(2)(iv)(g).
(d) Upon the exercise of a Warrant, the capital account of the exercising Warrant holder shall
be credited with the amount of the exercise price, and the capital accounts of the exercising
holder and all the other Members shall be adjusted in accordance with the rules set forth in
Proposed
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Treasury Reg. § 1.704-1(b)(2)(iv)(s) so that the capital account associated with each Common
Unit is equal to the capital account of each other Common Unit. If Proposed Treasury Reg. §
1.704-1(b)(2)(iv)(s) is amended or replaced, these adjustments shall be made in accordance with any
subsequent rules applicable to the maintenance of capital accounts upon the exercise of a
noncompensatory option at the time of the exercise of the Warrant.
(e) On the transfer of all or part of a Member’s Units, the capital account of the transferor
that is attributable to the transferred Units or part thereof shall carry over to the transferee
Member in accordance with the provisions of Reg. § 1.704-l(b)(2)(iv)(l).
3.5 Safe Harbor Election. In the event that the Proposed Treasury Reg. § 1.83-3(l) is finalized,
the Company shall be authorized and directed to make the Safe Harbor Election and the Company and
each Member (including any Member who received Units in the Company in exchange for the performance
of services, including as a result of the exercise or settlement of an Award) agrees to comply with
all requirements of the Safe Harbor with respect to all Units in the Company received in connection
with the performance of services (including as a result of the exercise or settlement of an Award)
while the Safe Harbor Election remains effective. The Tax Matters Member shall be authorized to
(and shall) prepare, and file the Safe Harbor Election.
ARTICLE IV.
ALLOCATIONS AND DISTRIBUTIONS
ALLOCATIONS AND DISTRIBUTIONS
4.1 Allocations.
(a) Profits. After giving effect to any special allocations set forth in this Section 4.1, all
items of income and gain of the Company for any fiscal year (or portion thereof) shall be
allocated:
(i) first, to each Member, if any, with a negative capital account balance, in
proportion to such negative balances, until any such negative balances have been
eliminated;
(ii) second, with respect to the holders of Common Units, if the positive
balances in the Common Unit Capital Accounts of such Members is not in proportion to
their relative Percentage Interests, then to the holders of the Common Units in such
manner so as to cause such positive balances (after taking into account all
allocations to be made under this subsection) to be in proportion to such Percentage
Interests; and
(iii) the balance, if any, to all holders of Common Units in proportion to
their Percentage Interests.
(b) Losses. After giving effect to any special allocations set forth in this Section 4.1, all
items of loss and deduction of the Company shall be allocated:
(i) first, with respect to holders of Common Units, if the positive balances in
the Common Unit Capital Accounts of such Members is not in proportion to their
relative Percentage Interests, then to the holders of the Common Units in such
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manner so as to cause such positive balances (after taking into account all
allocations to be made under this subsection) to be in proportion to such Percentage
Interests;
(ii) second, with respect to holders of Common Units in proportion to the
positive balances in their Common Unit Capital Accounts until such balances have
been reduced to zero; and
(iii) the balance, if any, to holders of Common Units in proportion to their
Percentage Interests.
(c) Special Allocations. The following special allocations shall be made in the following
order:
(i) Limitation on Losses. The losses allocated to any Member pursuant to
Section 4.1(b) of this Agreement shall not exceed the maximum amount of losses that
can be so allocated without causing such person to have an Adjusted Capital Account
Deficit at the end of any Fiscal Year. In the event some, but not all, of the
Members would have Adjusted Capital Account Deficits as a consequence of an
allocation of losses pursuant to Section 4.1(b), the limitation set forth in this
Section 4.1(c)(i) shall be applied on a Member-by-Member basis so as to allocate the
maximum permissible losses to each Member under Reg. § 1.704-l(b)(2)(ii)(d).
(ii) Qualified Income Allocation. In the event any Member unexpectedly
receives any adjustments, allocations, or distributions described in Reg. §§
1.704-l(b)(2)(ii)(d)(4), 1.704-l(b)(2)(ii)(d)(5), or 1.704-1 (b)(2)(ii)(d)(6), items
of Company income and gain shall be specially allocated to each such Member in an
amount and manner sufficient to eliminate, to the extent required by the
Regulations, the deficit capital account balance of such Member as promptly as
possible, provided, that, an allocation pursuant to this Section
4.1(c)(ii) shall be made if and only to the extent that such Member would have a
deficit capital account balance after all other allocations provided for in this
Section 4.1 have been tentatively made as if this Section 4.1(c)(ii) were not in
this Agreement.
(iii) Gross Income Allocation. In the event any Member has a deficit Capital
Account at the end of any fiscal year which is in excess of the sum of (i) the
amount such Member is obligated to restore pursuant to this Agreement, if any, and
(ii) the amount such Member is deemed to be obligated to restore pursuant to the
penultimate sentences of Reg. §§ 1.704-2(g)(l) and 1.704-2(i)(5), each such Member
shall be specially allocated items of Company income and gain in the amount of such
excess as quickly as possible, provided that, an allocation pursuant
to this Section 4.1(c)(iii) shall be made if and only to the extent that such Member
would have a deficit Capital Account in excess of such sum after all other
allocations provided for in this Section 4.1 have been tentatively made as if this
Section 4.1(c)(iii) was not in the Agreement.
(iv) Impact of Company Indebtedness. In the event that the Company incurs
indebtedness in any material amount, then the allocation provisions set forth
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herein shall be deemed to be further modified so as to reflect inclusion of a
Company and, if applicable, Member minimum gain chargeback consistent with that set
forth in Reg. §§ 1.704-2(f) and (i)(4), which allocations shall be applied before
application of the other special allocation provisions set forth in this Section
4.1(c).
(v) Curative Allocations. The allocations set forth in this Section 4.1(c) (the
“Regulatory Allocations”) are intended to comply with certain requirements
of the Treasury Regulations promulgated under Code Section 704(b). It is the intent
of the Members that, to the extent possible, all Regulatory Allocations shall be
offset either with other Regulatory Allocations or with special allocations of other
items of Company income, gain, loss, or deduction pursuant to this Section
4.1(c)(v). Therefore, notwithstanding any other provision of this Section 4.1 (other
than the Regulatory Allocations), the Company shall make such offsetting special
allocations of Company income, gain, loss, or deduction in whatever manner it
determines appropriate so that, after such offsetting allocations are made, each
Member’s capital account balance is, to the extent possible, equal to the capital
account balance such Member would have had if the Regulatory Allocations were not
part of the Agreement and all Company items were allocated pursuant to Sections
4.1(a) (other than Section 4.1(c)).
(vi) “Adjusted Capital Account Deficit” means, with respect to any
Member, the deficit balance, if any, in such Member’s capital account as of the end
of the relevant fiscal year, after giving effect to the following adjustments:
(1) Credit to such capital account any amounts which such Member is
obligated to restore or is deemed to be obligated to restore pursuant to the
penultimate sentences of Reg. §§ 1.704-2(g)(l) and 1.704-2(i)(5); and
(2) Debit to such Capital Account the items described in Reg. §§
1.704-l(b)(2)(ii)(d)(4), 1.704-1(b)(2)(ii)(d)(5) and 1.704-
l(b)(2)(ii)(d)(6).
The foregoing definition of Adjusted Capital Account Deficit is intended to
comply with the provisions of Reg. § 1.704-l(b)(2)(ii)(d) and shall be interpreted
consistently therewith.
(d) Transfers of Units. All items of income, gain, loss, deduction and credit allocable to any
Unit that may have been transferred or otherwise disposed of shall be allocated between the
transferor and the transferee based on the percentage of the calendar year during which each was
recognized as owning that Unit, without regard to the results of Company operations during any
particular portion of that calendar year and without regard to whether cash distributions were made
to the transferor or the transferee during that calendar year; provided, however,
that this allocation must be made in accordance with a method permissible under Section 706 of the
Code and the regulations thereunder.
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(e) Section 704(c) Allocations. Solely for tax purposes, income, gain, loss and deduction with
respect to any property contributed to the capital of the Company or for which the adjusted tax
basis and book value differ shall be allocated among the Members so as to take account of any
variation between adjusted tax basis and book value. The allocations provided in this Section 4.1
are intended to comply with the requirements of Section 704 of the Code and Treasury Regulations
thereunder and shall be interpreted (or modified, to the extent necessary) in such manner as is
consistent with such requirements, as determined by the Company’s Tax Matters Partner (defined
below). For purposes of allocations under Section 704(c) of the Code, the Company shall use the
allocation method or methods as determined by the Board of Directors.
(f) Allocations Upon Exercise of Warrants. In accordance with Proposed Treasury Reg. §
1.704-1(b)(2)(s) and 1.704-1(b)(4)(ix) and solely for tax purposes, corrective allocations of
income, gain, loss and deduction shall be made among the Members upon the exercise of a Warrant and
thereafter. If these Proposed Treasury Regulations are amended or replaced, then such allocations
shall be made in accordance with any subsequent rules applicable to maintenance of capital accounts
and allocations resulting therefrom upon the exercise of a noncompensatory option at the time of
the exercise of the Warrant. Any elections or other decisions relating to such allocations shall
be made by the Board of Directors in any manner that reasonably reflects the purpose and intention
of this Agreement. Allocations pursuant to this Section 4.1(f) are solely for purposes of federal,
state and local taxes and shall not affect or in any way be taken into account in computing any
Member’s capital account or share of profits, losses other items or distributions to any provision
of this Agreement.
(g) Allocations Upon Forfeiture of Exercised Awards. In accordance with Proposed Treasury Reg.
§ 1.704-1(b)(4)(xii) and Internal Revenue Service Notice 2005-43, issued on May 19, 2005, and
solely for tax purposes, in any year in which Units received in exchange for performance of
services (including Units received upon exercise or settlement of an Award) are forfeited, the
company shall cause (i) forfeiture allocations to be made in the year of forfeiture, and (ii) all
material allocations and capital account adjustments in this Agreement not pertaining to the Unit
received in exchange for services (including Units received upon exercise or settlement of an
Award) to be recognized under Section 704(b). If these Proposed Treasury Regulations are amended
or replaced, then such allocations shall be made in accordance with any subsequent rules applicable
to allocations and adjustments required to be made upon forfeiture of Units received upon exercise
or settlement of the Award. Any elections or other decisions relating to such allocations shall be
made by the Board of Directors in any manner that reasonably reflects the purpose and intention of
this Agreement. Allocations and adjustments pursuant to this Section 4.1(g) are solely for
purposes of federal, state and local taxes and shall not affect or in any way be taken into account
in computing any Member’s capital account or share of profits, losses other items or distributions
to any provision of this Agreement.
4.2 Distributions.
(a) Regular Distributions. The Board of Directors shall have the authority to reinvest the
Company’s cash generated from operations and dispositions of assets, including the sale or other
disposition of equity interests in a related company in which the Company invests directly or
indirectly. Consequently, distributions to Members of the Company’s cash or other assets shall be
made only at such times and in such amounts as authorized by the Board of Directors and the Board
of Directors shall have no obligation or duty to distribute cash or other assets to the Members
prior to the dissolution and liquidation of the Company. Distributions, if any, shall be made with
respect to holders
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of Common Units, to all such Members in proportion to their Percentage Interests.
Notwithstanding any provision to the contrary contained in this Agreement, the Company shall not be
required to make a distribution to any Member on account of its Units if such distribution would
violate the Act or any other Applicable Law.
(b) Tax Distributions.
(i) Notwithstanding Section 4.2(a), with respect to each taxable period of the
Company, the Company shall, to the extent of available funds, make a Tax
Distribution to the Members; provided, that such distribution shall
only be made if and to the extent that the Board of Directors determines that the
distribution does not violate or breach, or constitute a termination, cancellation
or acceleration of, any obligation, contract, agreement or other instrument of the
Company.
(ii) “Tax Distribution” means, for the applicable taxable period, an
aggregate cash distribution to the Members equal to (1) the taxable income of the
Company for the taxable period multiplied by (2) an assumed tax rate equal to (A)
the maximum federal income tax rate for corporations in effect for the taxable
period plus (B) six percent (6%). The amount of the Tax Distribution shall be
determined by the Company’s independent accounting firm.
(iii) Tax Distributions shall be distributed among the Members in accordance
with their ownership of the Units in the same manner as provided for in Section
4.2(a).
(iv) Subject to Section 4.2(b)(i), the Company shall make the Tax Distribution,
if any, for an applicable taxable period in four installments based on a reasonable
estimate of the year’s anticipated taxable income. Such installments shall be
distributed no later than the tenth day of each of April, June, September and
December of the year.
(c) Withholding. The Company shall be entitled to withhold and pay over any federal, state or
foreign income taxes as required by applicable law and any such payments with respect to the income
or distributions of a Member shall be treated as a distribution to the Member on whose behalf the
withholding occurs.
ARTICLE V.
DIRECTORS
DIRECTORS
5.1 Delegation of Rights and Powers.
(a) Subject to the delegation of rights and powers provided for herein, the board of directors
of the Company, (the “Board of Directors” or the “Board”) shall have the sole right
to manage the business and affairs of the Company and shall have all powers and rights necessary,
appropriate or advisable to effectuate and carry out the purposes and business of the Company,
including, without limitation, the right to sell all or substantially all of the assets of the
Company, to convert the Company to a corporation or to consummate a public offering of Securities.
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(b) No Member, by reason of such Member’s status as a Member, shall have any authority to act
for or bind the Company but shall have only the right to vote on or approve the actions to be voted
on or approved by such Member as specified in this Agreement or as required under the Act.
(c) The officers of the Company shall be elected, removed and perform such functions as are
provided in ARTICLE VI. The Board of Directors may delegate to any officer of the Company or to any
such other Person such authority to act on behalf of the Company as the Board of Directors may from
time to time deem appropriate in its sole discretion.
5.2 Number; Term.
(a) The number of Directors of the Company shall initially be five (5) and thereafter, the
number of members of the Board of Directors (each, a “Director” and collectively, the
"Directors”) may be determined from time to time by a majority vote of the Directors then
in office. No decrease in the number of Directors shall have the effect of shortening the term of
any incumbent Director except by the affirmative vote of the Required Interests. The initial
Directors are set forth on Schedule I hereto. Each Director shall have one (1) vote with
respect to any matters that come before the Board of Directors. Each Director is hereby designated
as a “manager” of the Company within the meaning of Section 18-101(10) of the Act.
(b) Except as otherwise provided herein, the Directors shall be elected at any annual or
special meeting of the Members (or by written consent in lieu of a meeting of the Members) and will
serve until their successors are duly elected and qualified pursuant to the terms of this Agreement
or until their earlier death, disability, resignation, termination (with cause or without cause) or
other removal. So long as Avenue and its Affiliates own at least twenty-five percent (25%) of the
then outstanding Common Units, the Board of Directors shall be constituted as follows: (i) Avenue
shall have the right to appoint a majority of the Directors (the “Avenue Designated
Directors”), (ii) one of the Directors shall be the President and Chief Executive Officer of
the Company, and (iii) the remaining Directors will be elected by the affirmative vote of the
Required Interests. When Avenue and its Affiliates no longer own at least twenty-five percent
(25%) of the outstanding Common Units, the Board of Directors shall be constituted as follows: (A)
one of the Directors shall be the President and Chief Executive Officer of the Company and (B) the
remaining Directors will be elected by a plurality of the votes cast at the meeting.
5.3 Vacancies; Removals.
(a) Other than any vacancy caused by the death, resignation, retirement, disqualification or
removal of an Avenue Designated Director, which vacancy may only be filled by Avenue so long as
Avenue and its Affiliates own at least twenty-five percent (25%) of the then outstanding Common
Units, vacancies resulting from death, resignation, retirement, disqualification, removal or other
cause and newly created vacancies resulting from an increase in the number of Directors shall be
filled by a majority vote of the Directors then in office, even if the number of such Directors
then in office is less than a quorum, or by a sole remaining Director, if applicable. Any Director
appointed in accordance with this Section 5.3 shall hold office until the next annual election of
Directors and until his or her successor shall have been elected and
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qualified, subject to such Director’s earlier death, resignation, retirement, disqualification
or removal.
(b) Other than with respect to the Avenue Designated Directors (who may be removed by Avenue
and, in the event Avenue and its Affiliates own less than twenty-five percent (25%) of the then
outstanding Common Units, may also be removed by a vote of the Required Interest), a Director may
be removed from the Board of Directors by a vote of the Required Interest. Any vacancy created by
the removal of any former Director (other than an Avenue Designated Director so long as Avenue and
its Affiliates own at least twenty-five percent (25%) of the then outstanding Common Units) may be
filled by the Required Interest or by a majority of the Directors then in office unless filled by
the Required Interest. So long as Avenue and its Affiliates own at least twenty-five percent (25%)
of the then outstanding Common Units, any vacancy created by any former Avenue Designated Director
may only be filled by Avenue.
5.4 Subsidiaries. The composition of the board of directors (or similar governing body) of any of
the Company’s Subsidiaries shall be determined by a majority vote of the Directors then in office.
5.5 Meetings of the Board of Directors.
(a) All meetings of the Board of Directors may be held at any place that has been designated
from time to time by resolution of the Board of Directors or in any notice properly given with
respect to such meeting. In the absence of such a designation, regular meetings shall be held at
the principal place of business of the Company. Any meeting, regular or special, may be held by
conference telephone or similar communication equipment; provided that all Directors participating
in the meeting can hear one another, and all Directors participating by telephone or similar
communication equipment shall be deemed to be present in person at the meeting.
(b) Regular meetings of the Board of Directors shall be held at such times and at such places
as shall be fixed by approval of the Directors in accordance with the terms of this Agreement.
(c) Special meetings of the Board of Directors for any purpose or purposes may be called at
any time by any of the Directors. Notice of the time and place of a special meeting shall be
delivered personally to each Director and sent by first class mail, by telegram, telecopy or email
(or similar electronic means) or by nationally recognized overnight courier, charges prepaid,
addressed to each Director at that Director’s address as it is shown on the records of the Company.
If the notice is mailed, it shall be deposited in the United States mail at least five (5)
Business Days before the date of the meeting. If the notice is delivered personally or by
telephone or by telegram, telecopy or email (or similar electronic means) or overnight courier, it
shall be given at least twenty-four (24) hours before the time of the holding of the meeting. Any
oral notice given personally or by telephone may be communicated either to the Director or to a
Person designated by such Director to receive such notice. Any notice of a special meeting shall
state generally the nature of the business to be transacted as such meeting.
(d) A majority of the Directors shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business.
Every act done or decision made by the affirmative vote of the Directors holding a majority of
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the votes present at a meeting duly held at which a quorum is present shall be regarded as the
act of the Board of Directors, except to the extent that the vote of a higher number is required by
this Agreement or Applicable Law.
(e) Notice of any meeting need not be given to any Director who either before or after the
meeting signs a written waiver of notice, a consent to holding the meeting or an approval of the
minutes. The waiver of notice or consent shall specify the purpose of the meeting. All such
waivers, consents and approvals shall be filed with the records of the Company or be made a part of
the minutes of the meeting. Notice of a meeting shall also be deemed given to any Director who
attends the meeting without protesting at or prior to its commencement the lack of notice to that
Director.
(f) Directors present at any meeting entitled to cast a majority of all votes entitled to be
cast by such Directors, whether or not constituting a quorum, may adjourn any meeting to another
time and place. Notice of the time and place of holding an adjourned meeting need not be given
unless the meeting is adjourned for more than forty-eight (48) hours, in which case notice of the
time and place shall be given before the time of the adjourned meeting in the manner specified in
Section 5.5(c) hereof.
(g) Any action which could be taken by the Board of Directors at a meeting may be taken
without such meeting by the written consent of all the Directors entitled to act at such meeting.
Any such written consent may be executed and given by telecopy, email or similar electronic means.
Such written consents shall be filed with the minutes of the proceedings of the Board of Directors.
5.6 Payments to Directors; Reimbursements. Except as otherwise determined by the Board of
Directors (by the vote or written consent of a majority of the votes of the disinterested Directors
then in office), no Director shall be entitled to remuneration by the Company for services rendered
in his or her capacity as a Director (other than for reimbursement of reasonable out-of-pocket
expenses of such Director). All Directors will be entitled to reimbursement of their reasonable
out-of-pocket expenses incurred in connection with their attendance at Board of Directors meetings.
5.7 Competitive Opportunity. The Members and the Company recognize that the Members, their
Affiliates and the Directors: (i) may have participated, directly or indirectly, and may continue
to participate (including, without limitation, in the capacity of investor, director, officer and
employee) in businesses that are similar to or compete with the business (or proposed business) of
the Company; (ii) may have interests in, participate with, aid and maintain seats on the board of
directors of other such entities; and (iii) may develop opportunities for such entities
(collectively, the “Position”). In such Position, the Members, their Affiliates and the
Directors may encounter business opportunities that the Company or its Members may desire to
pursue. The Members and the Company agree that the Members, their Affiliates and the Directors
shall have no obligation to the Company, the Members or to any other Person to present any such
business opportunity to the Company before presenting and/or developing such opportunity with any
other Persons, other than such opportunities specifically presented to any such Member or Director
for the Company’s benefit in his or her capacity as a Member or Director of the Company. Each
Member and the Company acknowledges and agrees that, in any such case, to the extent a court might
hold that the conduct of such activity is a breach of a duty to the Company, such Member and the
Company hereby waive any and all claims and causes of action that such Member and/or the Company
believes that it may have for such activities. Each
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Member and the Company further agrees that the waivers and agreements in this Agreement identify
certain types and categories of activities which do not violate any duty of loyalty to the Company,
and such types and categories are not manifestly unreasonable. The waivers and agreements in this
Agreement apply to activities conducted before and after the date hereof.
5.8 Committees. The Board of Directors may, from time to time, designate one or more committees,
each committee to consist of one or more Directors. Any such committee shall have such powers and
authority as provided in the enabling resolution of the Company with respect thereto. At every
meeting of any such committee, the presence of all members thereof shall constitute a quorum and
the affirmative vote of a majority of all committee members shall be necessary for the adoption of
any resolution; provided, that the Board of Directors shall have the authority to lower the number
of committee members so required to constitute a quorum so long as such number is at least a
majority of the total number of committee members, and to lower the number of committee members
whose affirmative vote is so required to adopt a resolution so long as such number is at least a
majority of the committee members present at any meeting at which a quorum is present. The Board of
Directors may dissolve any committee at any time, unless otherwise provided in this Agreement.
ARTICLE VI.
OFFICERS
OFFICERS
6.1 Designation and Appointment. The Board of Directors may, from time to time, employ and retain
persons as may be necessary or appropriate for the conduct of the Company’s business (subject to
the supervision and control of the Board of Directors), including employees, agents and other
persons (any of whom may be a Member or Director) who may be designated as Officers of the Company
(“Officers”), with titles including but not limited to “chairman of the board,” “chief
executive officer,” “president,” “vice president,” “treasurer,” “Secretary,” “general counsel,”
“director” and “chief financial officer,” as and to the extent authorized by the Board of
Directors. Any number of offices may be held by the same person. In the Board of Directors’
discretion, the Board of Directors may choose not to fill any office for any period as it may deem
advisable. Officers need not be residents of the State of Delaware or Members. Any Officer so
designated shall have such authority and perform such duties as is customary for an officer of such
type for a corporation or as the Board of Directors may, from time to time, delegate to such
Officer. The Board of Directors may assign titles to particular Officers. Each Officer shall hold
office until his or her successor shall be duly designated and shall have qualified as an Officer
or until his or her death or until he or she shall resign or shall have been removed in the manner
hereinafter provided. The salaries or other compensation, if any, of the Officers of the Company
shall be fixed from time to time by the Board of Directors.
6.2 Resignation and Removal. Any Officer may resign as such at any time. Such resignation shall be
made in writing and shall take effect at the time specified therein, or if no time be specified, at
the time of its receipt by the Board of Directors. The acceptance by the Board of Directors of a
resignation of any Officer shall not be necessary to make such resignation effective, unless
otherwise specified in such resignation. Any Officer may be removed as such, either with or without
cause, at any time by the Board of Directors. Designation of any person as an Officer by the Board
of Directors pursuant to the provisions of
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Section 6.1 shall not in and of itself vest in such person any contractual or employment rights
with respect to the Company.
6.3 Duties of Officers Generally. The Officers, in the performance of their duties as such, shall
(i) owe to the Company duties of loyalty and due care of the type owed by the officers of a
corporation to such corporation and its stockholders under the laws of the State of Delaware, and
(ii) keep the Board of Directors reasonably apprised of material developments in the business of
the Company.
6.4 Chairman of the Board. The Chairman of the Board of Directors, when present, shall
preside at all meetings of the Members and the Board of Directors. The Chairman of the Board of
Directors shall perform other duties commonly incident to the office and shall also perform such
other duties and have such other powers as the Board of Directors shall designate from time to
time. If there is no Chief Executive Officer or President, then the Chairman of the Board of
Directors shall also serve as the Chief Executive Officer of the Company and shall have the powers
and duties prescribed in Section 6.5.
6.5 Chief Executive Officer. The Chief Executive Officer shall, subject to the control of the
Board of Directors, be responsible for the general supervision, direction and control of the
business and the officers of the Company. He or she shall have the general powers and duties of
management usually vested in the office of President of a business entity and shall have such other
powers and duties as may be prescribed by the Board of Directors or this Agreement. The Board of
Directors shall initially designate Sang Park as Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer
of the Company.
6.6 President. Unless some other officer has been elected Chief Executive Officer of the Company,
the President shall be the chief executive officer of the Company and shall, subject to the control
of the Board of Directors, have general supervision, direction and control of the business and
officers of the Company. He or she shall have the general powers and duties of management usually
vested in the office of President of a business entity and shall have such other powers and duties
as may be prescribed by the Board of Directors, the Chief Executive Officer (if the President is
not the chief executive officer of the Company) or this Agreement.
6.7 Vice President(s). The vice president(s) of the Company shall perform such duties and have such other powers as the
president of the Company or the Board of Directors may from time to time prescribe. A vice
president may be designated as an executive vice president, a senior vice president, an assistant
vice president, or a vice president with a functional title.
6.8 Secretary. The Secretary shall keep or cause to be kept at the principal place of business of
the Company, or such other place as the Board of Directors may direct, a book of minutes of all
meetings and actions of the Board of Directors, committees or other delegates of the Board of
Directors and the Members. The Secretary shall keep or cause to be kept at the principal place of
business of the Company a register or a duplicate register showing the names of all Members and
their addresses, the class and equity interests in the Company held by each, the number and date of
certificates issued for the same, if any, and the number and date of
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cancellation of every certificate surrendered for cancellation, if any. The Secretary shall give
or cause to be given notice of all meetings of the Members and of the Board of Directors (or
committees or other delegates thereof) required to be given by this Agreement or by Applicable Law
and shall have such other powers and perform such other duties as may be prescribed by the Board of
Directors or by this Agreement.
6.9 Treasurer. The Treasurer shall be the chief financial officer of the Company and shall keep
and maintain or cause to be kept and maintained adequate and correct books and records of accounts
of the properties and business transactions of the Company. The books of account shall at all
reasonable times be open to inspection by any Director. The Treasurer shall deposit all monies and
other valuables in the name and to the credit of the Company with such depositaries as may be
designated by the Board of Directors. He or she shall disburse the funds of the Company as may be
ordered by the Board of Directors, shall render to the President and the Board of Directors,
whenever they request it, an account of all of his or her transactions as chief financial officer
and of the financial condition of the Company and shall have other powers and perform such other
duties as may be prescribed by the Board of Directors or this Agreement.
ARTICLE VII.
MEETINGS OF MEMBERS
MEETINGS OF MEMBERS
7.1 Meetings of Members.
(a) All meetings of the Members shall be held at the principal place of business of the
Company or at such other place within or without the State of Delaware as shall be specified or
fixed in the notices (or waivers of notice thereof). Except as otherwise required by law or as
otherwise provided herein, only holders of Common Units shall be entitled to notice of, to attend
and to vote at meetings of the Members.
(b) An annual meeting of the Members shall be held for the purpose of election of the
Directors and for the transaction of such other business as may properly come before the meeting.
Any meeting of Members shall be held on such date and at such time as the Board of Directors shall
fix and set forth in the notice of the meeting.
(c) Special meetings of the Members for any proper purpose or purposes may be called at any
time by the Board of Directors or upon the request of a Required Interest (defined below). Only
business within the purpose or purposes described in the notice (or waiver thereof) required by
this Agreement may be conducted at a special meeting of the Members. As used herein, “Required
Interest” means one or more Members owning among them more than 50% of the then outstanding
Common Units.
(d) All meetings of the Members shall be presided over by the chairman of the meeting, who
shall be a Director designated by a majority of the Board of Directors. The chairman of any meeting
of Members shall determine the order of business and the procedure at the meeting, including such
regulation of the manner of voting and the conduct of discussion as seem to him or her in order.
7.2 Notice. Written notice stating the place, day and hour of any meeting of the Members and, with
respect to a special meeting of the Members, the purpose or purposes for
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which the meeting is called, shall be delivered not less than ten (10) nor more than sixty (60)
days before the date of such meeting by or at the direction of the Directors or person calling the
meeting, to each Member entitled to vote at such meeting.
7.3 Quorum; Voting.
(a) Except as otherwise provided in the Certificate or this Agreement or required by
applicable law, a quorum shall be present at a meeting of Members if the holders of a Required
Interest are represented at the meeting in person or by proxy.
(b) A Member may vote either in person or by proxy executed in writing by the Member. A proxy
shall be revocable unless the proxy form conspicuously states that the proxy is irrevocable. Except
as otherwise provided in the Certificate or this Agreement or required by applicable law, with
respect to any matter, the affirmative vote of a majority of those present at a meeting of Members
at which a quorum is present shall be the act of the Members.
7.4 Action by Written Consent. Any action which could be taken by the Members at an annual or
special meeting of Members may be taken by the Members, without a meeting, without prior notice and
without a vote, if a consent or consents in writing setting forth the action so taken is signed by
the holders of a Required Interest (or holders of such higher aggregate percentage of Unit as is
required to authorize or take such action under the terms of the Certificate, this Agreement or
Applicable Law). Any such written consent may be executed and ascribed to by facsimile or similar
electronic means.
7.5 Record Date. The Board of Directors may fix a record date for purposes of determining Members
entitled to notice of or vote at a meeting of Members (including any adjournment thereof), Members
entitled to consent to action by written consent, and Members entitled to receive payment of any
dividend or other distribution or allotment of any rights, which such record date shall not precede
the date upon which the resolution fixing the record date is adopted by the Board of Directors and
which such record date shall not be more than sixty nor less than ten days before the date of such
meeting, consent or payment.
7.6 Adjournment. The chairman of the meeting or the holders of a Required Interest shall have the
power to adjourn such meeting from time to time, without any notice other than announcement at the
meeting of the time and place of the holding of the adjourned meeting. If such meeting is adjourned
by the Members, such time and place shall be determined by a vote of the holders of a Required
Interest and no notice of the adjourned meeting need be given if such time and place are announced
at the meeting at which the adjournment is taken. Upon the resumption of such adjourned meeting,
any business may be transacted that might have been transacted at the meeting as originally called.
7.7 Conversion.
(a) Immediately prior to the consummation of an IPO authorized by the Board of Directors, the
Members and Board of Directors will take all necessary and desirable actions in consummation of any
such IPO, and, if approved by the Board of Directors, effect a Solvent Reorganization of the
Company into a corporation and/or an exchange of the Units into Securities of the Company or its
Subsidiaries or distribution of Securities of the Company or its Subsidiaries in respect of
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Units (the “Reclassified Securities”) the Board of Directors finds acceptable;
provided, that (i) the Reclassified Securities provide each Member with substantially similar
economic interest, governance, priority, vesting and other rights and privileges as such Member had
prior to such recapitalization and/or exchange (prior to giving effect to the effect of the IPO on
the terms of this Agreement) and are consistent with the rights and preferences attendant to such
Units as set forth in this Agreement or Applicable Law as in effect immediately prior to such IPO
and (ii) except as otherwise provided herein, the provisions of this Agreement shall apply to the
Reclassified Securities and the issuer thereof as such provisions apply to the Units and the
Company, mutatis mutandis.
7.8 Merger and Consolidation. Pursuant to an agreement of merger or consolidation, the Company may
merge or consolidate with or into one or more limited liability companies or one or more other
business entities (as defined in the Act); provided that such merger or
consolidation is approved by the Board of Directors and authorized by the affirmative vote of the
Required Interest.
7.9 Sale of Assets. The Company may sell, lease or exchange all or substantially all of its
property and assets upon such terms and conditions and for such consideration as the Board of
Directors deems expedient and for the best interests of the Company, provided that
such sale, lease or exchanges is approved by the Board of Directors and authorized by a resolution
adopted by the Required Interest at a special meeting duly called for purposes of considering such
sale, lease or exchange.
ARTICLE VIII.
INDEMNIFICATION
INDEMNIFICATION
8.1 Right to Indemnification.
(a) No Member shall have any fiduciary or other duty to another Member with respect to the
business and affairs of the Company. No Member shall have any responsibility to restore any
negative balance in his capital account or to contribute to or in respect of the liabilities or
obligations of the Company or to return distributions made by the Company, except as required by
the Act or other Applicable Law.
(b) To the fullest extent permitted by Applicable Law, no Director of the Company shall be
personally liable to the Company or to any Member or other person or entity who may become a party
to or bound by this Agreement for any losses, claims, damages or liabilities arising from any act
or omission performed or omitted by the Director of the Company in connection with this Agreement
or the Company’s business and affairs or for breach of any duties (including fiduciary duties)
arising under or in connection with this Agreement or the Company, except for any losses, claims,
damages or liabilities primarily attributable to the Director’s willful misconduct, bad faith,
recklessness or gross negligence, as finally determined by a court of competent jurisdiction, or as
otherwise required by law.
(c) To the fullest extent permitted by Applicable Law, no Member, Director, officer, or any
direct or indirect officer, director, Affiliate stockholder, member or partner of a Member (each,
an “Indemnitee”), shall be liable, responsible or accountable in damages or otherwise to
the Company or any Member for any act or failure to act by such Indemnitee in connection with the
conduct of the business of the Company, or by any other such Indemnitee in performing or
participating in the
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performance of the obligations of the Company, so long as such action or failure to act was
not in material violation of this Agreement and did not constitute gross negligence or willful
misconduct.
(d) To the fullest extent permitted by Applicable Law, the Company shall indemnify and hold
harmless each Indemnitee to the fullest extent permitted by Applicable Law against losses, damages,
liabilities, costs or expenses (including reasonable attorneys’ fees and expenses and amounts paid
in settlement) incurred by any such Indemnitee in connection with any action, suit or proceeding to
which such Indemnitee may be made a party or otherwise involved or with which it shall be
threatened by reason of its being a Member, Director, officer, or any direct or indirect officer,
director, Affiliate stockholder or partner of a Member, or while acting as (or on behalf of) a
Member on behalf of the Company or in the Company’s interest. Such attorneys’ fees and expenses
shall be paid by the Company as they are incurred upon receipt, in each case, of an undertaking by
or on behalf of the Indemnitee to repay such amounts if it is ultimately determined that such
Indemnitee is not entitled to indemnification with respect thereto.
(e) The right of an Indemnitee to indemnification hereunder shall not be exclusive of any
other right or remedy that a Member, Director or officer may have pursuant to Applicable Law or
this Agreement.
(f) An Indemnitee shall be fully protected in relying in good faith upon the records of the
Company and upon such information, opinions, reports or statements presented to the Company by any
Person as to matters the Indemnitee reasonably believes are within such other Person’s professional
or expert competence and who has been selected with reasonable care by or on behalf of the Company,
including information, opinions, reports or statements as to the value and amount of the assets,
liabilities, or any other facts pertinent to the existence and amount of assets from which
distributions to the Member might properly be paid.
(g) To the extent that, at law or in equity, an Indemnitee has duties (including fiduciary
duties) and liabilities relating thereto to the Company or to any other Indemnitee, an Indemnitee
acting within the scope of this Agreement shall not be liable to the Company or to any other
Indemnitee for its good faith reliance on the provisions of this Agreement or any approval or
authorization granted by the Company or any other Indemnitee. The provisions of this Agreement, to
the extent that they restrict the duties and liabilities of an Indemnitee otherwise existing at law
or in equity, are agreed by the Members to replace such other duties and liabilities of such
Indemnitee.
(h) The foregoing provisions of this Section 8.1 shall (a) survive any termination of this
Agreement and (b) be contract rights, and no amendment, modification, supplement, restatement or
repeal of this Section 8.1 shall have the effect of limiting or denying any such rights with
respect to actions giving rise to losses, damages, liabilities, costs or expenses (including
reasonable attorneys’ fees and expenses and amounts paid in settlement) prior to any such
amendment, modification, supplementation or repeal.
8.2 Insurance and Other Indemnification. The Board of Directors shall have the power to (i)
authorize the Company to purchase and maintain, at the Company’s expense, insurance on behalf of
the Company and on behalf of others to the extent that power to do so has not been prohibited by
Applicable Law, (ii) create any fund of any nature, whether or not under
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the control of a trustee, or otherwise secure any of its indemnification obligations, and (iii)
give other indemnification to the extent permitted by Applicable Law.
ARTICLE IX.
TAXES
TAXES
9.1 Tax Returns. The Board of Directors shall cause the Company to prepare and file all necessary
U.S. federal, state, local and foreign tax returns for the Company including making the elections
described in Section 9.2. Each Member shall furnish to the Company all pertinent information
(including without limitation form X-0XXX, X-0XXX or W-8EXP, as applicable) in its possession
relating to Company operations that is necessary to enable the Company’s tax returns to be prepared
and filed. Such tax returns will duly reflect the allocation of income, gain, loss and deduction
set forth in Article IV of this Agreement.
9.2 Tax Elections. To the extent permitted by applicable tax law, the Company shall make the
following elections on the appropriate tax returns:
(a) to adopt the fiscal year ending December 31 as the Company’s taxable year; and
(b) to adopt the accrual method of accounting and to keep the Company’s books and records on
the accrual basis method.
Neither the Company nor any Director or Member may make an election for the Company to be excluded
from the application of the provisions of subchapter K of chapter 1 of subtitle A of the Code or
any similar provisions of applicable state law, and no provision of this Agreement shall be
construed to sanction or approve such an election.
9.3 Tax Allocations and Reports. The Company shall take reasonable efforts so that within three
calendar months after the end of each fiscal year, the Board of Directors shall cause the Company
to furnish each Member an Internal Revenue Service Form K-l, Form 5471 and any similar form
required for the filing of state or local income tax returns for such Member for such fiscal year,
which forms will duly reflect the allocation of income, gain, loss and deduction set forth in
Article IV of this Agreement. Upon the written request of any such Member and at the expense of
such Member, the Company will use reasonable efforts to deliver or cause to be delivered any
additional information necessary for the preparation of any federal, state, local and foreign
income tax return which must be filed by such Member.
(a) The Tax Matters Partner will determine whether to make or revoke any available election
pursuant to the Code. Each Member will, upon request, supply the information necessary to give
proper effect to any such election.
(b) The Board of Directors shall designate a Member to act as the “Tax Matters
Partner” (as defined in Section 6231(a)(7) of the Code) in accordance with Sections 6221
through 6233 of the Code. Upon such designation, the Tax Matters Partner shall be authorized and
required to represent the Company (at the Company’s expense) in connection with all examinations of
the Company’s affairs by tax authorities, including resulting administrative and judicial
proceedings, and to expend Company funds for professional services and costs associated therewith;
provided that, the Tax Matters Partner may be removed and replaced by, and shall
act in such capacity at the direction of, the
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Board of Directors. Each Member agrees to cooperate with the Tax Matters Partner and to do or
refrain from doing any or all things reasonably requested by the Tax Matters Partner with respect
to the conduct of such proceedings. Subject to the foregoing proviso, the Tax Matters Partner will
have reasonable discretion to determine whether the Company (either on its own behalf or on behalf
of the Members) will contest or continue to contest any tax deficiencies assessed or proposed to be
assessed by any taxing authority. Any deficiency for taxes imposed on any Member (including
penalties, additions to tax or interest imposed with respect to such taxes) will be paid by such
Member, and if paid by the Company, will be recoverable from such Member (including by offset
against distributions otherwise payable to such Member). Each Director will be provided with a copy
of all tax returns filed by the Company and the Tax Matters Partner will consult with and keep the
Board of Directors fully informed about the status of all material tax examinations, controversies
and proceedings.
9.4 Partnership for U.S. Federal Tax Purposes. Prior to the effective time of an affirmative
election for the Company to be treated as a corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes or
prior to the time the Company is converted to a corporation under Delaware (or other state) law,
whether by operation of law, merger, or otherwise, for U.S. federal tax purposes the parties agree
to treat the Company as a partnership and to treat all Units as interests in such partnership and
no party shall take any position inconsistent with this characterization in any tax return or
otherwise.
9.5 Unrelated Business Taxable Income. The Company will operate and make investments in a manner
that will not cause a non-U.S. Member to be obligated to file tax returns as a result of income
that is effectively connected with the conduct of a trade or business within the United States
within the meaning of Sections 871 and 882 of the Code, or as a result of the application of
Section 897 of the Code. The Company will operate and make investments in a manner that will not
cause a any Tax Exempt Member or beneficial owner thereof to realize any “unrelated business
taxable income” within the meaning of Sections 512 through 514 of the Code or any item of gross
income that would be included in determining such Member’s (or beneficial owner’s) unrelated
business taxable income.
ARTICLE X.
BOOKS, RECORDS, REPORTS, AND BANK ACCOUNTS
BOOKS, RECORDS, REPORTS, AND BANK ACCOUNTS
10.1 Book. The Company shall maintain complete and accurate books of account of the Company’s
affairs at the Company’s principal office, which books shall be open to inspection by any Member
(or its authorized representative) to the extent required by the Act.
10.2 Company Funds. Except as specifically provided in this Agreement or with the approval of the
Board of Directors, the Company shall not pay to or use for, the benefit of any Member (except in
any Member’s capacity as a Director, employee or independent contractor of the Company), funds,
assets, credit, or other resources of any kind or description of the Company. Funds of the Company
shall (i) be deposited only in the accounts of the Company in the Company’s name, (ii) not be
commingled with funds of any Member, and (iii) be withdrawn only upon such signature or signatures
as may be designated in writing from time to time by the Board of Directors.
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ARTICLE XI.
DISSOLUTION, LIQUIDATION, AND TERMINATION
DISSOLUTION, LIQUIDATION, AND TERMINATION
11.1 Dissolution. The Company shall dissolve and its affairs shall be wound up on the first to
occur of the following:
(a) the decision of the Board of Directors to dissolve and liquidate the Company;
(b) the written consent of Members owning a majority of the Common Units; and
(c) entry of a decree of judicial dissolution of the Company under Section 18-802 of the Act.
The Company shall not be dissolved by the admission of Members in accordance with the terms of
this Agreement. The death, insanity, retirement, resignation, expulsion, bankruptcy or dissolution
of a Member or the occurrence of an event that terminates the continued membership of a Member in
the Company, shall not cause the Company to be dissolved and its affairs wound up so long as the
Company at all times has at least one Member. Upon the occurrence of any such event, the business
of the Company shall be continued without dissolution.
11.2 Liquidation and Termination.
(a) On dissolution of the Company, Company shall conduct only such activities as are necessary
to wind up its affairs (including the sale of the assets of the Company in an orderly manner) and
the Directors who have not wrongfully dissolved the Company shall act as liquidator or may appoint
one or more Members as liquidator. The liquidator shall wind up the affairs of the Company as
provided in the Act and shall have all the powers set forth in the Act. The costs of liquidation
shall be a Company expense.
(b) Upon the winding up of the Company, the assets of the Company shall first be distributed
to creditors, including Members and Directors who are creditors, to the extent otherwise permitted
by Applicable Law, in satisfaction of liabilities of the Company (whether by payment or the making
of reasonable provision for payment thereof) other than liabilities for which reasonable provision
for payment has been made.
(c) Any assets remaining after the Company’s liabilities and obligations have been paid (or
reasonable provision for the payment thereof has been made) shall be distributed to the Members in
accordance with the positive capital account balances of the Members, as determined after taking
into account all capital account adjustments for the Company’s taxable year during which such
liquidation occurs (other than those made as a result of this Section), by the end of such taxable
year or, if later, within 90 days after the date of such liquidation, except as permitted by Reg. §
1.704- l(b)(2)(ii)(b).
(d) If, at the discretion of the Board of Directors, any assets of the Company are distributed
in-kind to the Members, such assets shall be valued on the basis of the fair market value thereof
as determined by the Board of Directors in their reasonable discretion on the date of distribution.
Without limiting the Board of Directors’ discretion to make such a valuation or requiring that any
such appraisal be made, the valuation of any asset by the Board of Directors on the basis of the
determination
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of its fair market value by an independent appraiser shall be deemed to be a reasonable value
for such asset and a reasonable exercise of such discretion. Upon any such in-kind distribution to
a Member, the capital accounts of the Members shall be adjusted to reflect the manner in which the
unrealized income, gain, loss or deduction inherent in such property (that has not previously been
reflected in the Members’ capital accounts) would be allocated among the Members if there had been
a taxable disposition of such property at its fair market value on the date of distribution. The
capital accounts of the Members receiving a distribution in-kind shall then be reduced by the fair
market value of the property distribution.
(e) Nothing in this ARTICLE XI shall be construed to extend the time period prescribed under
Section 11.2(c) above and Reg. § 1.704-l(b)(2)(ii)(b) for making liquidating distributions of the
Company’s assets. If the liquidator deems it impracticable to cause the Company to make
distributions of the liquidating proceeds to the Members within the time period described under
Reg. § 1.704-l(b)(2)(ii)(b), the liquidator may make any arrangement that is considered for federal
income tax purposes to effectuate liquidating distributions of all of the Company’s assets to the
Members within the time period prescribed in such regulation and that will permit the sale of the
non-cash assets considered so distributed in a manner that gives effect, to the extent possible, to
the intent of the preceding provisions of this ARTICLE XI.
11.3 Deficit Capital Accounts. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in this
Agreement, and notwithstanding any custom or rule of law to the contrary, upon dissolution of the
Company, the deficit, if any, in the capital account of any Member, including any deficit that
results from or is attributable to deductions and losses of the Company (including non-cash items
such as depreciation) or distributions of assets pursuant to this Agreement to all Members, shall
not be an asset of the Company and such Members shall not be obligated to contribute such amount to
the Company to bring the balance of such Member’s capital account to zero.
11.4 Certificate of Cancellation. On the completion of the winding up of the Company following its
dissolution, the Board of Directors shall cancel any filings made pursuant to Section 1.5 and the
Board of Directors (or such other person or persons as the Act may require or permit) shall file a
Certificate of Cancellation with the Office of the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware.
The Company shall terminate when the Certificate shall have been canceled in the manner required by
the Act.
ARTICLE XII.
TRANSFER RESTRICTIONS
TRANSFER RESTRICTIONS
12.1 Limitations on Transfers.
(a) No Member shall be permitted to Transfer any Units held by such Member except for
Transfers made in accordance with this Section 12.1.
(b) Notwithstanding any other provisions of this Agreement, or the compliance with any of the
terms hereof, no Transfer of Units shall be effective, and any such Transfer of Units shall be
deemed null and void, if, at the time of such Transfer, the Company has more than 450 “holders of
record” (as understood for purposes of Section 12(g) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as
amended (the “Exchange Act”)) of Units and/or Warrants.
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(c) Subject to Section 12.1(e), the limitations set forth in Section 12.1(b) shall not
prohibit: (i) a Transfer of Units by a Member to another Person that, immediately prior to the
Transfer, is a holder of record of Units and/or Warrants, (ii) a Transfer of Units by a Member to
the Company, (iii) a Transfer of Units by the Company to a Person that, immediately prior to the
Transfer, is a holder of record of Units and/or Warrants, or (iv) a Transfer of all Units owned by
the proposed transferor to a single Person who is treated as a single record holder of Units under
the Exchange Act. Any attempted Transfer that is prohibited by Section 12.1(b) and not approved by
the Company or otherwise prohibited by this Section 12.1 and not approved by the Company shall be
null and void and shall not be effective to Transfer any Units. The proposed transferee shall not
be entitled to any rights of Members of the Company, including, but not limited to, the rights to
vote or to receive dividends and liquidating distributions, with respect to the Units that were the
subject of such attempted Transfer.
(d) By the fifth (5th) business day after the Company has 350 or more holders of record of
Warrants and/or Common Units, the Company shall issue a press release stating the number of holders
of record of Warrants and Common Units (a “Notice Date Press Release”). A Transfer of
Units that is completed or attempted after the Company issues a Notice Date Press Release shall be
null and void and not effective unless (i) the holder seeking to make such Transfer delivers to the
Company notice of its intent to Transfer, (ii) such Transfer is approved in advance by the Company
and (iii) such Transfer otherwise complies with the terms of this Agreement.
(e) Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Agreement or this Section 12.1, no sale,
disposition or other transfer of Units otherwise permitted by this Agreement shall be effective
without the prior written consent of the Company if, in the Company’s sole discretion, such
disposition could cause the Company to be treated as a “publicly traded partnership” within the
meaning of section 7704 of the Code.
(f) The restrictions contained in this Section 12.1 are for the purpose of ensuring that the
Company is not required to become a registrant under the Exchange Act due to the number of Members
or becoming a “publicly traded partnership” within the meaning of section 7704 of the Code. The
Company may institute legal proceedings to force rescission of a Transfer prohibited by this
Section 12.1 and to seek any other remedy available to it at law, in equity or otherwise, including
an injunction prohibiting any such Transfer.
(g) No Transfer of any Units shall become effective (i) unless prior written notice thereof
has been delivered to the Company, (ii) unless such Transfer complies with this Section 12.1, (iii)
until the Transferee (unless already party to this Agreement) executes and delivers to the Company
a Joinder Agreement in the form attached hereto as Exhibit B and (iv) upon request by the
Company, the delivery of an opinion of counsel, in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to
the Board of Directors, with respect to the compliance of the Transfer under Applicable Law and any
other matters reasonably requested by the Company. Upon such Transfer and such execution and
delivery, the Transferee shall be bound by, and entitled to the benefits of, this Agreement with
respect to the Transferred Units in the same manner as the Member effecting such Transfer.
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12.2 Drag-Along Rights.
(a) At any time, if Avenue desires to effect a Drag-Along Sale, Avenue at its option may
require all Members to sell such number of their respective Units on a pro-rata basis as Avenue
desires such Members to sell to any Person that is not affiliated with Avenue in such Drag Along
Sale for the consideration determined in accordance with Section 12.2(d) and otherwise on the same
terms and conditions as apply to those Units to be sold by Avenue. A “Drag-Along Sale”
shall mean the occurrence of any of the following: (i) any “person” or “group” (within the meaning
of Sections 13(d) and 14(d)(2) of the Exchange Act) other than current Members of the Company, is
or becomes the “beneficial owner” (as defined in Rule 13d-3 under the Exchange Act), directly or
indirectly, of more than one-half of the then outstanding voting securities of the Company; (ii)
there occurs a merger, consolidation or combination of the Company with any other entity, other
than a merger, consolidation or combination which would result in the voting securities of the
Company outstanding immediately prior thereto continuing to represent (either by remaining
outstanding or by being converted into voting securities of the surviving entity or its parent) at
least a majority of the combined voting power of the voting securities of the Company, or such
surviving entity or its parent outstanding immediately after such merger, consolidation or
combination; (iii) any Person or Persons, other than Members of the Company on the Effective Date,
has or have the right to elect a majority in number of the persons then serving on the Board of
Directors; or (iv) all or substantially all of the assets of the Company are sold to an
unaffiliated third party or parties in one transaction or series of related transactions followed
by the dissolution and winding up of the Company.
(b) Written notice of the Drag-Along Sale (the “Drag-Along Sale Notice”) shall be
provided by Avenue to all holders of Units. Such Drag-Along Sale Notice shall disclose in
reasonable detail the number and class of Units to be subject to the Drag-Along Sale (the
"Drag-Along Securities”), an estimate of the proposed price, the other proposed terms and
conditions of the proposed Drag-Along Sale (including copies of the definitive agreements relating
thereto, if available) and the identity of the prospective purchaser.
(c) With respect to any Drag-Along Sale, each Member agrees that it shall use its reasonable
best efforts to effect the Drag-Along Sale as expeditiously as practicable, including delivering
all documents necessary or reasonably requested in connection with such Drag-Along Sale, voting in
support of such transaction and entering into any instrument, undertaking or obligation necessary
or reasonably requested in connection with such Drag-Along Sale (as specified in the Drag-Along
Sale Notice). Subject to the terms and conditions of this Section 12.2(c) and without limiting the
generality of the foregoing, the Company and each Member shall take or cause to be taken all
actions, and do, or cause to be done, on behalf and in respect of the Company any and all actions
that may be reasonably requested consistent with this Section 12.2(c) in connection with any
Drag-Along Sale. In addition, each holder of Drag-Along Securities, in the case of a Drag-Along
Sale, shall (i) pay its pro rata share (based on the aggregate proceeds) of the reasonable expenses
(if any) incurred by the Company in connection with such Drag-Along Sale; and (ii) join on a pro
rata basis (based on the aggregate proceeds), severally and not jointly, in any indemnification or
other obligations that are specified in the Drag-Along Sale Notice, other than any such obligations
which relate specifically to a particular holder such as indemnification with respect to
representations and warranties given by a holder regarding such holder’s title to and ownership of
Units and other fundamental customary representations and warranties; provided that no holder shall
be obligated under this clause in connection with such Transfer to agree to indemnify or hold
harmless the Transferee or Transferees with respect to an amount in excess of the proceeds paid in
respect of such holder’s Units in connection with such Drag-Along Sale.
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(d) In the event of a Drag-Along Sale, each Member shall be required to Transfer such Units
held by such Member as provided in the Drag-Along Sale Notice to the extent such Transfer is
required under Section 12.2 hereof. In the event of a Drag-Along Sale of all of the Units or a
repurchase of Units by the Company pursuant to Section 12.2(e), the amount each Member will be
entitled to receive in respect of any Units sold in such Drag-Along Sale will be the amount that
would have been distributable pursuant to Section 4.2, assuming all proceeds of such Drag-Along
Sale were received by the Company and distributed. Each Member will be entitled to receive the same
form of consideration (and be subject to the same indemnity and escrow provisions) as a result of
such Drag-Along Sale.
(e) Notwithstanding anything to the contrary set forth in this Section 12.2, the Company or
its designee shall have the option on a Drag-Along Sale to purchase, and each Member shall be
required to sell, any Units held by such Member to the Company.
12.3 Holdback Agreement. If requested by the lead managing underwriter, each Member agrees not to
effect any public sale or distribution of any Securities of the Company (or any other entity or
entities created though any Solvent Reorganization or designated by the Board of Directors) being
registered or of any securities convertible into or exchangeable or exercisable for such Company
Securities, including a sale pursuant to Rule 144 under the Securities Act, during a period of not
more than one hundred and eighty (180) days after, an IPO commencing on the effective date of the
registration statement (the “Lock-Up Period”), unless expressly authorized to do so by the
lead managing underwriter; provided, however, that if any other holder of
securities of the Company shall be subject to a shorter period or receives more advantageous terms
relating to the Lock-Up Period, then the Lock-Up Period shall be such shorter period and also on
such more advantageous terms and notwithstanding the foregoing, the Members shall not be required
to sign lock-up agreements unless all of the Company’s directors, officers and securityholders
owning one percent (1%) or more of the Company’s fully diluted voting stock have signed lock-up
agreements with the managing underwriters. Any such lock-up agreements signed by the Members shall
contain reasonable and customary exceptions, including, without limitation, the right of a Holder
to make transfers to certain Affiliates and transfers related to securities owned by Members as a
result of open market purchases made following the closing of the applicable offering. The Company
shall be authorized to impose stop-transfer instructions with respect to the securities subject to
the foregoing restrictions until the end of the relevant period.
ARTICLE XIII.
GENERAL PROVISIONS
GENERAL PROVISIONS
13.1 Offset. Whenever the Company is to pay any sum to any Member, any amounts then due and payable
from such Member to the Company may be deducted from that sum before payment.
13.2 Notices. Except as expressly set forth to the contrary in this Agreement, all notices,
requests, or consents provided for or permitted to be sent under this Agreement must be in writing
and must be sent by registered mail, addressed to the recipient, postage paid, or by delivering
that writing to the recipient in person, by internationally recognized express courier, or by
facsimile transmission; and a notice, request, or consent sent under this Agreement is
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effective on receipt by the person to receive it. A notice, request or consent shall be deemed
received when delivered if personally delivered, after a “good transmission” receipt is received,
if sent via facsimile, or otherwise on the date of receipt by the recipient thereof. All notices,
requests, and consents to be sent to a Member must be sent to or made at the address or facsimile
number ascribed to that Member on the books of the Company or such other address or facsimile
number as that Member may specify by notice to the Company and the other Members. Any notice,
request, or consent to the Company must be sent to the Company at its principal office. Whenever
any notice is required to be sent by law, the Certificate or this Agreement, a written waiver
thereof, signed by the person entitled to notice, whether before or after the time stated therein,
shall be deemed equivalent to the giving of such notice.
13.3 Entire Agreement. This Agreement constitutes the entire agreement among the parties on the
date hereof with respect to the subject matter hereof and supersedes all prior understandings,
contracts or agreements among the parties with respect to the subject matter hereof, whether oral
or written.
13.4 Effect of Waiver or Consent. The failure of a Member to insist on the strict performance of
any covenant or duty required by the Agreement, or to pursue any remedy under the Agreement, shall
not constitute a waiver of the breach or the remedy.
13.5 Amendment. This Agreement may be amended or modified, or any provision hereof may be waived,
provided that such amendment, modification or waiver is set forth in a writing executed by (i) the
Company and (ii) the Required Interest, except an amendment that materially and adversely affects
any Member without similarly affecting the rights and obligations of all holders of the same class
of Units shall be effective only if such Member executes such amendment. No course of dealing
between or among any Persons having any interest in this Agreement will be deemed effective to
modify, amend or discharge any part of this Agreement or any rights or obligations of any Person
under or by reason of this Agreement.
13.6 Binding Act. Subject to the restrictions on transfer set forth in this Agreement, this
Agreement is binding on and inures to the benefit of the Members and their respective heirs, legal
representatives, successors, and assigns.
13.7 Governing Law. All issues and questions concerning the application, construction, validity,
interpretation and enforcement of this Agreement shall be governed by and construed in accordance
with the laws of the State of Delaware and the Act, without giving effect to any choice of law or
conflict of law provision or rule (whether of the State of Delaware or any other jurisdiction) that
would cause the application of the laws of any jurisdiction other than the State of Delaware.
13.8 Consent to Exclusive Jurisdiction. Each of the parties hereto agrees that any legal action or
proceeding with respect to this Agreement or any agreement, certificate or other instrument entered
into in contemplation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, or any matters arising
out of or in connection with this Agreement or such other agreement, certificate or instrument, and
any action for the enforcement of any judgment in respect thereof, shall be brought exclusively in
the Delaware Court of Chancery of New Castle County, Delaware or the courts of the United States of
America for the District of Delaware, unless the
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parties to any such action or dispute mutually agree to waive this provision. By execution and
delivery of this Agreement, each of the parties hereto irrevocably consents to service of process
out of any of the aforementioned courts in any such action or proceeding by the mailing of copies
thereof by registered or certified mail, postage prepaid, or by recognized express carrier or
delivery service, to the applicable party at his, her or its address referred to herein. Each of
the parties hereto irrevocably waives any objection which he, she or it may now or hereafter have
to the laying of venue of any of the aforementioned actions or proceedings arising out of or in
connection with this Agreement, or any related agreement, certificate or instrument referred to
above, brought in the courts referred to above and hereby further irrevocably waives and agrees, to
the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, not to plead or claim in any such court that any
such action or proceeding brought in any such court has been brought in any inconvenient forum.
Nothing herein shall affect the right of any party to serve process in any other manner permitted
by law.
13.9 Severability. Whenever possible, each provision of this Agreement shall be interpreted in such
manner as to be effective and valid under applicable law, but if any provision of this Agreement is
held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable in any respect under any applicable law or rule in any
jurisdiction, such invalidity, illegality or unenforceability shall not affect any other provision
or any other jurisdiction, but this Agreement shall be reformed, construed and enforced in such
jurisdiction as if such invalid, illegal or unenforceable provision had never been contained
herein. The Members shall negotiate in good faith to replace any provision so held to be invalid or
unenforceable so as to implement most effectively the transactions contemplated by such provision
in accordance with the original intent of the Members signatory hereto.
13.10 Further Assurances. In connection with this Agreement and the transactions contemplated
hereby, each Member shall execute and deliver any additional documents and instruments and perform
any additional acts that may be necessary or appropriate to effectuate and perform the provisions
of this Agreement and those transactions.
13.11 No Third Party Benefit. The provisions hereof are solely for the benefit of the Company and
its Members, Directors and Officers and are not intended to, and shall not be construed to, confer
a right or benefit on any creditor of the Company or any other Person.
13.12 Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in any number of counterparts with the same
effect as if all signing parties had signed the same document. All counterparts shall be construed
together and constitute the same instrument.
13.13 Construction. Whenever the context requires, the gender of all words used in this Agreement
includes the masculine, feminine and neuter. All references to Articles and Sections refer to
Articles and Sections of this Agreement, and all references to Exhibits are to Exhibits attached
hereto, each of which is made a part hereof for all purposes.
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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned have executed this Agreement as of the date first set
forth above.
AVENUE INTERNATIONAL MASTER, L.P. By: Avenue International Master GenPar, Ltd., its General Partner |
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Name: | ||||
Title: | ||||
AVENUE INVESTMENTS, L.P. By: Avenue Partners, LLC, its General Partner |
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Name: | ||||
Title: | ||||
AVENUE SPECIAL SITUATIONS FUND V, L.P. By: Avenue Capital Partners V, LLC, its General Partner By: GL Partners V, LLC, its Managing Member |
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Name: | ||||
Title: | ||||
AVENUE SPECIAL SITUATIONS FUND IV, L.P. By: Avenue Capital Partners IV, LLC, General Partner By: GL Partners IV, LLC, its Managing Member |
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Name: | ||||
Title: | ||||
AVENUE-CDP GLOBAL OPPORTUNITIES FUND, L.P. By: Avenue Global Opportunities Fund GenPar, LLC, its General Partner |
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Name: | ||||
Title: | ||||