Joint Filing Agreement

                                                                Exhibit 7.1

                             Joint Filing Agreement

          The undersigned hereby agree that the Amendment No. 3 to Statement
on Schedule 13D to which this Joint Filing Agreement is attached as Exhibit
7.1, is filed on behalf of each of us.

Date:     August 17, 2000

                                         Gold & Xxxxx Transfer, S.A.,
                                         a British Virgin Islands corporation


                                      By: /s/ Xxxx Xxxxxxxx
                                          ----------------------------------
                                          Xxxx Xxxxxxxx, Attorney-in-Fact for
                                          Gold & Xxxxx Transfer, S.A.

                                          /s/ Xxxx Xxxxxxxx
                                          ----------------------------------
                                          Xxxx Xxxxxxxx