AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF MERGER AMONG TOLMAR HOLDING, INC. as Parent PROJECT Z ACQUISITION SUB, INC., as Acquisition Sub, and ZILA, INC. as Target Dated as of June 25, 2009
Exhibit 2.1
AMONG
TOLMAR HOLDING, INC.
as Parent
PROJECT Z ACQUISITION SUB, INC.,
as Acquisition Sub, and
ZILA, INC.
as Target
Dated as of June 25, 2009
TABLE OF CONTENTS
ARTICLE I Definitions and References | 1 | |||||||
1.1 | General Definitions | 1 | ||||||
1.2 | References, Titles and Construction | 10 | ||||||
ARTICLE II The Merger | 10 | |||||||
2.1 | Merger | 10 | ||||||
2.2 | Closing | 10 | ||||||
2.3 | Actions at Closing | 10 | ||||||
2.4 | Effect of Merger | 11 | ||||||
2.5 | Treatment of Warrants, Options and Restricted Stock | 12 | ||||||
2.6 | Procedure for Payment | 12 | ||||||
2.7 | Closing of Transfer Records | 13 | ||||||
ARTICLE III Target’s Representations and Warranties | 14 | |||||||
3.1 | Due Organization; Good Standing; Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws | 14 | ||||||
3.2 | Capitalization, Etc | 14 | ||||||
3.3 | Authority; Binding Nature of Agreement | 15 | ||||||
3.4 | Non-Contravention; Consents | 16 | ||||||
3.5 | SEC Filings; Financial Statements | 16 | ||||||
3.6 | Absence of Certain Changes | 17 | ||||||
3.7 | Legal Proceedings; Orders | 18 | ||||||
3.8 | Brokers; Schedule of Fees and Expenses | 18 | ||||||
3.9 | Intellectual Property | 18 | ||||||
3.10 | Title to Assets; Real Property | 22 | ||||||
3.11 | Contracts | 23 | ||||||
3.12 | Compliance with Laws | 24 | ||||||
3.13 | Tax Matters | 24 | ||||||
3.14 | Employee Benefit Plans | 25 | ||||||
3.15 | Labor and Employment Matters | 27 | ||||||
3.16 | Environmental Matters | 27 | ||||||
3.17 | Insurance | 28 | ||||||
3.18 | Regulatory Compliance | 28 | ||||||
3.19 | Product Warranties | 31 | ||||||
3.20 | Transactions with Affiliates | 31 | ||||||
3.21 | State Anti-Takeover Statutes | 31 | ||||||
ARTICLE IV Parent’s and Acquisition Sub’s Representations and Warranties | 31 | |||||||
4.1 | Due Organization and Good Standing | 31 | ||||||
4.2 | Authority; Binding Nature of Agreement | 31 | ||||||
4.3 | Non-Contravention; Consents | 32 |
4.4 | Brokers | 32 | ||||||
4.5 | Definitive Proxy Materials | 32 | ||||||
4.6 | Not an Interested Stockholder | 32 | ||||||
4.7 | Funds | 32 | ||||||
4.8 | No Other Representations or Warranties | 32 | ||||||
ARTICLE V Covenants | 33 | |||||||
5.1 | General | 33 | ||||||
5.2 | Notices and Consents | 33 | ||||||
5.3 | Press Releases | 33 | ||||||
5.4 | Regulatory Matters and Stockholder Approval | 33 | ||||||
5.5 | Operation of Business | 34 | ||||||
5.6 | Access | 36 | ||||||
5.7 | Notice of Developments | 36 | ||||||
5.8 | Exclusivity; Acquisition Proposals | 36 | ||||||
5.9 | Director and Officer Insurance and Indemnification | 37 | ||||||
5.10 | Delisting | 38 | ||||||
5.11 | Tax Reserves | 38 | ||||||
5.12 | Continuing Employees | 38 | ||||||
5.13 | Service Credit | 38 | ||||||
ARTICLE VI Conditions to Obligations to Close | 38 | |||||||
6.1 | Conditions to Parent's and Acquisition Sub's Obligation | 38 | ||||||
6.2 | Conditions to Target's Obligation | 40 | ||||||
ARTICLE VII Termination | 41 | |||||||
7.1 | Termination of Agreement | 41 | ||||||
7.2 | Effect of Termination | 42 | ||||||
7.3 | Fees and Expenses; Termination Fees | 42 | ||||||
ARTICLE VIII Miscellaneous | 43 | |||||||
8.1 | Survival | 43 | ||||||
8.2 | No Third-Party Beneficiaries | 43 | ||||||
8.3 | Entire Agreement | 43 | ||||||
8.4 | Succession and Assignment | 44 | ||||||
8.5 | Counterparts | 44 | ||||||
8.6 | Notices | 44 | ||||||
8.7 | Governing Law; Venue; Waiver of Jury Trial | 45 | ||||||
8.8 | Amendments and Waivers | 45 | ||||||
8.9 | Severability | 46 | ||||||
8.10 | Specific Performance | 46 |
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Exhibit A—Certificate of Merger
Exhibit B—Form of Bylaws
Disclosure Schedule—Exceptions to Representations and Warranties
Exhibit B—Form of Bylaws
Disclosure Schedule—Exceptions to Representations and Warranties
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This Agreement and Plan of Merger (this “Agreement”), dated as of June 25, 2009, is
among TOLMAR Holding, Inc., a Delaware corporation (“Parent”), Project Z Acquisition Sub,
Inc., a Delaware corporation (“Acquisition Sub”), and Zila, Inc., a Delaware corporation
(“Target”). Parent, Acquisition Sub and Target sometimes are referred to collectively
herein as the “Parties.”
Recitals
A. This Agreement contemplates a transaction in which Parent will acquire all of Target’s
outstanding stock for cash through a reverse subsidiary merger of Acquisition Sub with and into
Target.
B. The board of directors of Target has unanimously (other than with respect to one director,
who recused himself from the vote) (i) determined that it is fair to and in the best interests of
Target and its stockholders, and declared it advisable, to enter into this Agreement with Parent
and Acquisition Sub providing for the merger (the “Merger”) of Acquisition Sub with and
into Target in accordance with the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware, as amended
(the “DGCL”), upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth herein, (ii) approved
this Agreement in accordance with the DGCL, upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth
herein and (iii) resolved to recommend the adoption of this Agreement by the stockholders of
Target.
C. Parent has entered into a Senior Note Purchase Agreement (such agreement, as it may be
amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time, the “Note Purchase
Agreement”) with Visium Balanced Master Fund, Ltd. and Atlas Master Fund, Ltd. (collectively,
the “Noteholders”), whereby, among other things, Parent expects, at the Effective Time (as
defined below), to purchase for cash all of the outstanding Third Amended and Restated Senior
Secured Convertible Notes, dated November 28, 2006, made by Target (the “Senior Notes”).
D. The current officers and directors of Target who own Target Shares (as defined below) have
agreed to enter into transaction support agreements in favor of Parent and Acquisition Sub with
respect to, among other things, voting such shares in favor of the Merger.
Agreement
In consideration of the representations, warranties, covenants and agreements contained herein
and other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which are acknowledged,
the Parties agree as follows:
ARTICLE I
Definitions and References
Definitions and References
1.1 General Definitions. As used herein the terms “Agreement,” “Parent,” “Acquisition Sub,” “Target,” “Parties,”
“Merger,” “DGCL,” “Note Purchase Agreement,”
“Noteholders” and “Senior Notes” shall have the meanings ascribed thereto above, and the following
terms shall have the following meanings:
“Acquisition Proposal” means any proposal or offer (whether or not binding) from any
Person (other than Parent, Acquisition Sub or any of their respective Affiliates) or group (as
defined in Section 13(d) of the Securities Exchange Act) relating to any direct or indirect
acquisition or purchase of 15% or more of the assets of Target and its Subsidiaries, taken as a
whole, or 15% or more of the total outstanding voting securities of Target or any of its
Subsidiaries then outstanding, any tender offer, exchange offer or equity issuance that if
consummated would result in any Person beneficially owning 15% or more of the total outstanding
voting securities of Target or any of its Subsidiaries then outstanding, and any merger,
consolidation, business combination, recapitalization, liquidation, dissolution or similar
transaction involving Target, other than the transactions contemplated by this Agreement.
“Affiliate” has the meaning set forth in Rule 12b-2 of the regulations promulgated
under the Securities Exchange Act.
“Available Free Cash” has the meaning set forth in Section 3.6(b).
“Business Day” means any day on which banks are not required or authorized by Law to
close in New York, New York.
“Certificate of Merger” has the meaning set forth in Section 2.3.
“Closing” has the meaning set forth in Section 2.2.
“Closing Date” has the meaning set forth in Section 2.2.
“Code” shall mean the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended.
“Common Stock Merger Consideration” has the meaning set forth in Section 2.4(e).
“Continuing Employees” has the meaning set forth in Section 5.12.
“Contract” means any contract, subcontract, agreement, commitment, note, bond,
mortgage, indenture, lease, license, sublicense or other instrument or binding arrangement or
understanding of any kind or character, whether oral or in writing.
“Copyrights” means all registered and unregistered copyrights in both published and
unpublished works, rights in mask works and mask works applications, all sui generis rights in data
and databases, and any other rights of authorship in any other published and unpublished works,
including all moral rights therein.
“Covered D&O’s” has the meaning set forth in Section 5.9(a).
“CSA” has the meaning set forth in Section 3.18(a).
“Current Assets” has the meaning set forth in Section 3.6(b).
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“Current Liabilities” has the meaning set forth in Section 3.6(b).
“Definitive Proxy Materials” means the definitive proxy materials relating to the
Special Meeting.
“Disclosure Schedule” has the meaning set forth in ARTICLE III.
“Dissenting Share” means any Target Share, issued and outstanding immediately before
the Effective Time, and held of record by any holder who or that has properly exercised his, her or
its appraisal rights under the DGCL with respect to the proposal for the Merger.
“Effective Time” has the meaning set forth in Section 2.4(a).
“Entity” means any corporation (including any non-profit corporation), general
partnership, limited partnership, limited liability partnership, joint venture, estate, trust,
company (including any company limited by shares, limited liability company or joint stock
company), firm, society or other enterprise, association, organization or entity.
“Environmental Law” means any Law relating to pollution or protection of the
environment (including, without limitation, Laws relating to recycling, reuse, product content and
product take-back requirements as well as any carbon emission reduction legislation), worker safety
or the exposure of any individual to any hazardous materials including any regulated emissions,
discharges or releases of the following which shall all be deemed hazardous materials hereunder:
chemicals, pollutants, contaminants, emissions, wastes, hazardous substances and toxic substances,
radioactive and biological materials and wastes, and petroleum and petroleum related products and
wastes.
“ERISA” means the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended, and the
rules and regulations promulgated thereunder, or any successor statue, rules and regulations
thereto.
“ERISA Affiliate” means any trade or business (whether or not incorporated) that,
together with Target, is treated as a single employer under Section 414(b) or (c) of the Code or,
solely for purposes of Section 302 of ERISA and Section 412 of the Code, is treated as a single
employer under Section 414 of the Code.
“Facilities” means any real property or interest in real property that is being used
or has ever been used by Target or any of its Subsidiaries and all buildings, structures or other
improvements thereon.
“FDA” has the meaning set forth in Section 3.18(b).
“FDCA” has the meaning set forth in Section 3.18(a).
“GAAP” means United States generally accepted accounting principles as in effect from
time to time, consistently applied.
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“Governmental Authorization” means any permit, license, registration, qualification or
authorization granted by any Governmental Entity.
“Governmental Entity” means any Federal, state, local, tribal or foreign government or
any court of competent jurisdiction, administrative or regulatory body, agency, bureau or
commission, governing body of any national securities exchange or other governmental authority or
instrumentality in any domestic or foreign jurisdiction and any appropriate division of any of the
foregoing.
“Health Care Laws” has the meaning set forth in Section 3.18(g).
“Intellectual Property” means any intellectual property that may exist under the Laws
of any jurisdiction throughout the world, including all Marks, Patents, Copyrights and Trade
Secrets, any applications for registration and registrations of the foregoing property and the
foregoing rights (whether pending, existing, abandoned or expired), and any physical embodiments of
the foregoing property and the foregoing rights.
“Knowledge” means, in the case of Target, the actual awareness by one or more of the
current officers of Target of such fact or matter.
“Law” means any applicable Federal, state, local, municipal, foreign, tribal or other
law, statute, legislation, constitution, principle of common law, resolution, ordinance, code,
edict, decree, proclamation, treaty, convention, rule, regulation, ruling, directive,
pronouncement, requirement, specification, determination, decision, opinion or interpretation that
is, has been or may in the future be issued, enacted, adopted, passed, approved, promulgated, made,
implemented or otherwise put into effect, whether legislative, municipal, administrative or
judicial in nature.
“Legal Proceeding” means any action, claim, counterclaim, suit, litigation, hearing,
arbitration, grievance, proceeding (public or private), criminal prosecution or investigation by or
before any Governmental Entity.
“License-In Contract” means any Contract under which Target or any of its Subsidiaries
has acquired, obtained, or been granted any license, permission or any other right to utilize or
otherwise exploit any Intellectual Property.
“License-Out Contract” means any Contract under which Target or any of its
Subsidiaries has licensed, permitted or otherwise granted any right to any Person to utilize or
otherwise exploit any Intellectual Property.
“Licensed-In IP” means the rights or permissions to any Intellectual Property
acquired, obtained or granted under or through a License-In Contract.
“Lien” means any mortgage, pledge, assessment, security interest, lease, lien, adverse
claim, levy, charge, preference, restriction on the right of possession or use, encroachment,
negative pledge, right of first refusal or offer, preemptive right, community or other marital
property interest, imperfection of title, or other encumbrance of any kind, including any
conditional sales Contract, title retention Contract or other Contract to give any of the
foregoing.
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“Marks” means all registered or unregistered trademarks, service marks, trade names,
fictitious business names, and general intangibles of a similar nature (including corporate names,
logos, trade dress, slogans, and product names), and the goodwill associated therewith, and all
rights in internet web sites, internet domain names, uniform resource locators, and keywords and
purchased search terms.
“Material Adverse Change” means any effect, change, condition, event or development
that, individually or in the aggregate, would be (or could reasonably be expected to be) materially
adverse, whether in the near-term or the long-term, to the business, properties, assets,
liabilities, capitalization, stockholders’ equity, condition (financial or otherwise), operations,
licenses, results of operations or prospects of Target or any of its Subsidiaries, as determined
from the perspective of a reasonable person in the Parent’s position, excluding any adverse effect,
change, condition, event or development (unless such effect, change, condition, event or
development adversely impacts Target and its Subsidiaries disproportionately compared to other
companies operating in the same industry) arising from or relating to: (a) any general social,
political or economic condition or event, including stock market fluctuations, acts of war or
terrorism or the consequences of any of the foregoing, (b) any change in currency exchange rates or
interest rates, (c) any legislative changes or other changes in Law and (d) natural disasters.
“Merger Consideration” has the meaning set forth in Section 2.4(e).
“Most Recent Balance Sheet” means the balance sheet as of the Most Recent Fiscal
Quarter End included in the financial statements Target has filed with the SEC on Form 10-Q for the
fiscal quarter ended as of the Most Recent Fiscal Quarter End.
“Most Recent Fiscal Quarter End” has the meaning set forth in Section 3.5.
“Net Working Capital” has the meaning set forth in Section 3.6(b).
“Option Proceeds” has the meaning set forth in Section 2.5(b).
“Ordinary Course of Business” means an action taken by Target or any of its
Subsidiaries if such action is (a) consistent in nature, scope and magnitude with the past
practices of such Person, (b) taken in the ordinary course of the normal day-to-day operations of
such Person, (c) taken in accordance with sound and prudent business practices and (d) not required
to be authorized by the stockholders or other equity owners of such Person, the board of directors
of such Person or any committee of the board of directors of such Person, and does not require any
other separate or special authorization of any nature.
“Organizational Documents” means the articles or certificate of incorporation or
formation, articles of incorporation, organization or association, general or limited partnership
agreement, limited liability company or operating agreement, bylaws and other agreements, documents
or instruments relating to the organization, management or operation of any Person that is an
entity or relating to the rights, duties and obligations of the equityholders of any such Person,
including any equityholders’ agreements, voting agreements, voting trusts, joint venture
agreements, registration rights agreements or similar agreements.
5
“Parent-owned Share” means any Target Share, issued and outstanding immediately before
the Effective Time, that Parent or Acquisition Sub owns of record.
“Patents” means any United States and non-United States patents, patent applications,
patent disclosures, invention disclosures or other rights relating to the protection of inventions
throughout the world (and all rights related thereto, including any continuations, continuations in
part, divisionals, extensions, renewals, reissues or reexaminations of any of the foregoing).
“Paying Agent” has the meaning set forth in Section 2.6(a).
“Payment Fund” has the meaning set forth in Section 2.6(a).
“Permitted Investments” means investments in short-term obligations of the United
States with maturities of no more than 30 days or guaranteed by the United States and backed by the
full faith and credit of the United States or in commercial paper obligations rated A-1 or P-1 or
better by Xxxxx’x Investors Service, Inc. or Standard & Poor’s Corporation, respectively.
“Permitted Lien” means (a) with respect to any capital stock, membership interests or
other similar equity interests of any Subsidiary of Target, (i) the provisions of the Governing
Documents of such Subsidiary and (ii) the restrictions on the transfer of securities provided in
the Securities Act and any state or “blue sky” securities Laws, and (b) with respect to any other
asset, property or right, (i) Liens for Taxes not yet due or delinquent and (ii) statutory Liens
arising in the Ordinary Course of Business by operation of Law, including mechanic’s,
materialmen’s, repairmen’s, employee’s, contractor’s, operator’s and other similar liens to the
extent relating to an obligation that is not yet due or delinquent.
“Person” means an individual, an Entity or a Governmental Entity.
“PHSA” has the meaning set forth in Section 3.18(a).
“Prime Rate” means a rate per annum equal to the floating commercial loan rate as
published in the Wall Street Journal (Western Edition) from time to time as the “Prime Rate,”
adjusted in each case as of the banking day in which a change in the Prime Rate occurs, as reported
in The Wall Street Journal (Western Edition); provided, however, that if such rate is no longer
published in The Wall Street Journal, then it shall mean an annual rate of interest which equals
the floating commercial loan rate of Citibank N.A., or its successors and assigns, announced from
time to time as its “base rate,” adjusted in each case as of the banking day in which a change in
the base rate occurs.
“Product” has the meaning set forth in Section 3.9(a).
“Requisite Stockholder Approval” means the affirmative vote in favor of this Agreement
and the Merger of the holders of a majority of the outstanding Target Common Stock on the record
date for the Special Meeting.
“SEC” means the Securities and Exchange Commission.
“Securities Act” means the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.
6
“Securities Exchange Act” means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.
“Software” means all computer software and all versions, forms and embodiments
thereof, including all source code, object code, executable code, binary code, files, objects,
comments, screens, user interfaces, report formats, templates, menus, buttons and icons and all
data, materials, manuals, design notes and other items and documentation related thereto or
associated with the foregoing.
“Special Meeting” has the meaning set forth in Section 5.4(b).
“Specified Representations” has the meaning set forth in Section 6.1(e).
“Subsidiary” means, with respect to any Person at any time of determination, any
corporation, limited liability company, partnership, association or other business entity of which
(a) if a corporation, a majority of the total voting power of shares of stock entitled (without
regard to the occurrence of any contingency) to vote in the election of directors thereof is at the
time owned or controlled, directly or indirectly, by that Person or one or more of the other
Subsidiaries of that Person or a combination thereof or (b) if a limited liability company,
partnership, association or other business entity (other than a corporation), a majority of the
membership, partnership or other similar ownership interests thereof is at the time owned or
controlled, directly or indirectly, by that Person or one or more Subsidiaries of that Person or a
combination thereof and for this purpose, such Person, Subsidiaries or combination owns a majority
ownership interest in such a business entity (other than a corporation) if such Person,
Subsidiaries or combination is allocated a majority of such business entity’s gains or losses or is
or controls any managing director or general partner of such business entity (other than a
corporation). The term “Subsidiary” shall include all Subsidiaries of such Subsidiary.
“Superior Proposal” means any bona fide written Acquisition Proposal not solicited or
initiated in violation of Section 5.8 that (a) relates to an acquisition by a Person or group (as
defined in Section 13(d) of the Securities Exchange Act) of either (i) more than 50% of the voting
securities of Target pursuant to a tender offer, equity issuance, merger or otherwise or (ii) more
than 50% of the assets used in the conduct of the business of Target, (b) Target’s board of
directors determines in its good faith judgment (after consultation with its financial advisors
and, after considering, among other things, the financial, legal and regulatory aspects of such
Acquisition Proposal) would, if consummated, result in a transaction that is more favorable to
Target’s stockholders from a financial point of view than the transactions contemplated by this
Agreement (taking into account any alterations to this Agreement agreed to by Parent in response
thereto in accordance with Section 7.1(f) as well as any payments resulting from the termination of
this Agreement), (c) the potential acquirer has the financial wherewithal to consummate without
having to obtain new financing other than financing as to which it has obtained binding commitments
from reputable sources and (d) Target’s board of directors determines in good faith (after
consultation with its financial advisors and its outside legal counsel) is reasonably capable of
being consummated.
“Surviving Corporation” has the meaning set forth in Section 2.1.
“Target Benefit Plans” has the meaning set forth in Section 3.14.
7
“Target Black Diamond Warrant” means that certain amended and restated warrant to
purchase 171,429 shares of Target Common Stock at an exercise price of $15.54 per share issued to
BDC Finance, L.L.C. by Target on June 6, 2006.
“Target Bylaws” has the meaning set forth in Section 3.1.
“Target Certificate of Incorporation” has the meaning set forth in Section 3.1.
“Target Common Stock” means the common stock, $0.001 par value per share, of Target.
“Target Equity Plans” means Target’s 1997 Stock Award Plan, as amended and restated,
and any other compensatory option plans or Contracts of Target, including any employee stock
purchase plan and any option plans or Contracts assumed by Target pursuant to a merger or
acquisition.
“Target Expense Reimbursement Amount” means an amount in cash equal to Parent’s
expenses (including legal fees and expenses) incurred in connection with this Agreement (not to
exceed $200,000).
“Target Intellectual Property” means any Intellectual Property (or portion thereof):
(a) owned or licensed by Target or any of its Subsidiaries or which Target or any of its
Subsidiaries otherwise has rights in or to; or (b) utilized in, necessary for, useful in, or
incident to the conduct of the business of Target or any of its Subsidiaries in any manner as
currently conducted or as proposed to be conducted.
“Target Material Contracts” has the meaning set forth in Section 3.11.
“Target Non-Disclosure and Invention Assignment Contract” has the meaning set forth in
Section 3.9(i).
“Target Options” means any outstanding options to purchase Target Shares, whether
granted by Target pursuant to the Target Equity Plans or otherwise.
“Target PIPE Warrants” means those certain warrants to purchase an aggregate of
1,212,995 shares of Target Common Stock at an exercise price of $14.63 per share issued to various
investors by Target on or about November 29, 2006 and December 14, 2006.
“Target Preferred Stock” means the preferred stock, $0.001 par value per share, of
Target.
“Target Restricted Stock” means the Target Common Stock issued pursuant to, and that
is subject to vesting and other restrictions set forth in, Target’s 1997 Stock Award Plan, as
amended and restated.
“Target SEC Documents” has the meaning set forth in Section 3.5.
“Target Series B Convertible Preferred Stock” means the Target Preferred Stock
designated as Series B Convertible Preferred Stock.
8
“Target Share” means any share of Target Common Stock (including the Target Restricted
Stock) or Target Preferred Stock (including Target Series B Convertible Preferred Stock).
“Target Software” means all Software, (a) owned or licensed by Target or any of its
Subsidiaries, or (b) utilized in, necessary for, useful in, or incident to the conduct of the
business of Target or any of its Subsidiaries in any manner, as currently conducted or as proposed
to be conducted.
“Target Stockholder” means any Person who or that holds any Target Share.
“Target Termination Fee” means an amount in cash equal to $300,000.
“Target Warrants” means the Target PIPE Warrants and the Target Black Diamond Warrant.
“Tax” or “Taxes” means all forms of taxation or duties imposed, or required to
be collected or withheld, including without limitation any United States federal, state or local,
or non-United States, income, gross receipts, franchise, estimated, alternative minimum, add-on
minimum, sales, use, transfer, registration, value added, excise, natural resources, severance,
stamp, withholding, occupation, premium, windfall profit, environmental, customs, duties, real
property, personal property, capital stock, net worth, intangibles, social security, unemployment,
disability, payroll, license, employee or other tax or similar levy, of any kind whatsoever,
together with any interest, penalties or additions to tax in respect of the foregoing and any
transferee liability in respect of the foregoing payable by reason of contract, assumption,
transferee liability, operation of Law, Section 1.1502-6(a) of the Treasury Regulations (or any
predecessor or successor thereof or any analogous or similar provision under Law) or otherwise.
“Tax Authority” means any Governmental Entity having jurisdiction over the assessment,
determination, collection or imposition of any Tax.
“Tax Return” means any return, declaration, report, claim for refund, information
return or other document (including any related or supporting estimates, elections, schedules,
statements or information) filed or required to be filed in connection with the determination,
assessment or collection of any Tax or the administration of any Law relating to any Tax, and where
permitted or required, combined or consolidated returns for any group of entities.
“Trade Secrets” means all information that derives economic value from not being
generally known to other Persons, and any other information that is proprietary or confidential to
Target or any of its Subsidiaries, including trade secrets, know-how, ideas, inventions, processes,
documentation, information, data, information, customer lists, Software (in both object code and
source code form), data, products, processes, technology, plans, drawings, designs, systems and
specifications.
“Treasury Regulations” means the regulations issued by the U.S. Department of Treasury
under the Code.
“United States” and “U.S.” means the United States of America.
9
“USPTO” has the meaning set forth in Section 3.9(m).
“WARN” has the meaning set forth in Section 3.15.
1.2 References, Titles and Construction. All references
in this Agreement to Exhibits, Schedules, Articles, Sections and other
subdivisions refer to the Exhibits, Schedules, Articles, Sections and other subdivisions of this
Agreement unless expressly provided otherwise. All Exhibits and Schedules identified in this
Agreement are incorporated herein by reference and made a part of this Agreement. Titles and
section headings contained in this Agreement are inserted for convenience only and shall not affect
in any way the meaning or interpretation of this Agreement. The words “this Agreement,” “herein,”
“hereby,” “hereunder” and words of similar import refer to this Agreement as a whole and not to any
particular subdivision unless expressly so limited. The word “or” is not exclusive, and
“including” (and its various derivatives), means “including without limitation.” Pronouns in
masculine, feminine and neuter gender shall be construed to include any other gender. Words in the
singular form shall be construed to include the plural and words in the plural form shall be
construed to include the singular, unless the context otherwise requires. A reference to a
federal, state, local or non-U.S. statute or law shall be deemed also to refer to all rules and
regulations promulgated thereunder, unless the context requires otherwise. The Parties have
participated jointly in the negotiation and drafting of this Agreement. In the event an ambiguity
or question of intent or interpretation arises, this Agreement shall be construed as if drafted
jointly by the Parties and no presumption or burden of proof shall arise favoring or disfavoring a
Party by virtue of the authorship of any of the provisions of this Agreement.
ARTICLE II
The Merger
The Merger
2.1 Merger. On and subject to the terms and conditions of this Agreement, Acquisition Sub will merge with
and into Target at the Effective Time. Target shall be the corporation surviving the Merger (the
“Surviving Corporation”).
2.2 Closing. The closing of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement (the “Closing”) shall
take place at the offices of Holme Xxxxxxx & Xxxx LLP, 1700 Xxxxxxx Xxxxxx, Xxxxx 0000, Xxxxxx,
Xxxxxxxx xommencing at 9:00 a.m. local time on the second Business Day following the satisfaction
or waiver of all conditions to the obligations of the Parties to consummate the transactions
contemplated hereby (other than conditions with respect to actions the respective Parties will take
at the Closing itself) or such other date as the Parties may mutually determine (the “Closing
Date”).
2.3 Actions at Closing. At the Closing, (a) Target will deliver to Parent and Acquisition Sub the various certificates,
instruments and documents referred to in Section 6.1, (b) Parent and Acquisition Sub will deliver
to Target the various certificates, instruments and documents referred to in Section 6.2, (c)
Target and Acquisition Sub will file with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware a
Certificate of Merger in the form attached hereto as Exhibit A (the “Certificate of
Merger”), and (d) Parent will cause Surviving Corporation to deliver the Payment Fund to the
Paying Agent in the manner provided below in Section 2.6.
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2.4 Effect of Merger.
(a) General. The Merger shall become effective at the time (the “Effective
Time”) Target and Acquisition Sub file the Certificate of Merger with the Secretary of State of
the State of Delaware. The Merger shall have the effect set forth in the DGCL. Surviving
Corporation may, at any time after the Effective Time, take any action (including executing and
delivering any document) in the name and on behalf of either Target or Acquisition Sub in order to
carry out and effectuate the transactions contemplated by this Agreement.
(b) Certificate of Incorporation. The certificate of incorporation of Target shall be
the certificate of incorporation of Surviving Corporation.
(c) Bylaws. The bylaws of Surviving Corporation shall be amended and restated at and
as of the Effective Time to conform to the bylaws attached hereto as Exhibit B.
(d) Directors and Officers. The directors of Acquisition Sub immediately before the
Effective Time shall become the directors of Surviving Corporation at the Effective Time. The
officers of Acquisition Sub immediately before the Effective Time shall become the initial officers
of the Surviving Corporation at the Effective Time, each to hold office until the earlier of his or
her resignation or removal.
(e) Conversion of Target Shares. At the Effective Time and by virtue of the Merger
and without any action by any of the Parties or the holders of Target Shares, (i) each share of
Target Common Stock issued and outstanding immediately before the Effective Time (other than any
Dissenting Share, Parent-owned Share or Target Share held in the treasury of Target) shall be
converted into the right to receive an amount equal to $0.38 in cash, without interest (the
“Common Stock Merger Consideration”), (ii) each share of Target Series B Convertible
Preferred Stock issued and outstanding immediately before the Effective Time (other than any
Dissenting Share, Parent-owned Share or Target Share held in the treasury of Target) shall be
converted into the right to receive an amount equal to $0.44 in cash, without interest (together
with the Common Stock Merger Consideration, the “Merger Consideration”), (iii) each
Dissenting Share shall be converted into the right to receive payment from Surviving Corporation
with respect thereto in accordance with the provisions of the DGCL, (iv) each Parent-owned Share
issued and outstanding immediately before the Effective Time and each Target Share held in the
treasury of Target immediately before the Effective Time shall be cancelled, and (v) Target Shares
issued and outstanding immediately before the Effective Time held of record by wholly-owned
Subsidiaries of Target shall remain outstanding; provided, however, that the Merger Consideration
shall be subject to equitable adjustment in the event of any stock split, stock dividend, reverse
stock split or other change in the number of outstanding Target Shares (or securities convertible
or exchangeable into or exercisable for Target Shares) between the date of this Agreement and the
Effective Time. For the avoidance of doubt, any fractional share of Target Common Stock shall be
entitled to the same rights as whole shares of Target Common Stock with respect to conversion into
Common Stock Merger Consideration, provided that a fractional share of Target Common Stock shall be
converted into a pro rata amount of Common Stock Merger Consideration. No Target Share shall be
deemed to be outstanding or to have any rights other than those set forth above in this Section
2.4(e) after the Effective Time.
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(f) Conversion of Acquisition Sub’s Capital Stock. At the Effective Time, each share
of Acquisition Sub’s common stock, $0.0001 par value per share, shall be converted into one share
of Surviving Corporation’s common stock, $0.001 par value per share.
2.5 Treatment of Warrants, Options and Restricted Stock.
(a) Treatment of Warrants. Target shall use its reasonable best efforts to cause all
of the outstanding Target PIPE Warrants to be terminated and cancelled at or before the Effective
Time. In exchange for such cancellation, Target shall not pay any holder of a Target PIPE Warrant
any amount in excess of the Black-Scholes valuation thereof and no consideration for the
cancellation thereof shall be payable by Parent, Acquisition Sub, Target or the Surviving
Corporation after the Effective Time. Each unexercised Target Black Diamond Warrant outstanding
immediately prior to the Effective Time shall, in accordance with and subject to its terms, cease
to represent a right to acquire Target Common Stock and, as of and following the Effective Time no
consideration shall be payable by Parent, Acquisition Sub, Target or the Surviving Corporation
therefor.
(b) Cancellation of Options. No outstanding Target Options shall be assumed,
continued or substituted for by Parent. Target shall take all action necessary under the
applicable Target Equity Plans to ensure that as of no later than immediately before the Effective
Time, and contingent upon the effectiveness of the Merger, each then outstanding Target Option
shall become immediately vested and exercisable in full. At the Effective Time, each then
outstanding Target Option shall, by virtue of the Merger, be converted into and shall become a
right to receive an amount in cash, without interest, with respect to each share subject thereto,
equal to the excess, if any, of the Common Stock Merger Consideration over the per share exercise
price of such Target Option (such amount being hereinafter referred to as the “Option
Proceeds”), and each such Target Option shall terminate at the Effective Time. Surviving
Corporation shall pay the Option Proceeds to the holders of Target Options promptly following the
Effective Time. Prior to the Effective Time, Target shall provide all notices, obtain all
necessary consents or releases from the holders of Target Options and shall take all other lawful
action as may be necessary to provide for and give effect to the transactions contemplated by this
Section 2.5(b).
(c) Treatment of Restricted Stock. At the Effective Time and by virtue of the Merger
and without any action by any of the Parties or the holders of Target Restricted Stock, the
restrictions on the Target Restricted Stock issued and outstanding immediately before the Effective
Time shall lapse, and such Target Restricted Stock shall be treated in accordance with Section
2.4(e).
2.6 Procedure for Payment.
(a) Immediately after the Effective Time, (i) Parent will cause Surviving Corporation to
furnish to Computershare Trust Company (the “Paying Agent”) an amount of cash (the
“Payment Fund”) sufficient for the Paying Agent to make full payment of the Merger
Consideration to the record holders of Target Shares issued and outstanding immediately before the
Effective Time (other than any Dissenting Shares, Parent-owned Shares and Target Shares held in the
treasury of Target) and (ii) Parent will cause the Paying Agent to mail a letter of transmittal
(which shall be in customary form and shall provide instructions for its use) to each
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record holder of Target Shares issued and outstanding immediately before the Effective Time
(other than any Dissenting Shares, Parent-owned Shares and Target Shares held in the treasury of
Target) for the holder to use in surrendering the certificates that represented his, her or its
Target Shares against payment of the Merger Consideration. Upon surrender of such Target Shares,
together with such letter of transmittal, duly executed, and such other documents as may reasonably
be required by the Paying Agent, the Paying Agent shall promptly pay to the holders thereof the
aggregate Merger Consideration into which such Target Shares shall have been converted pursuant to
Section 2.4(e). No interest will accrue or be paid to the holder of any outstanding Target Shares.
(b) Surviving Corporation may cause the Paying Agent to invest the cash included in the
Payment Fund in one or more Permitted Investments, provided that the terms and conditions of the
investments shall be such as to permit the Paying Agent to make prompt payment of the Merger
Consideration as necessary. Surviving Corporation may cause the Paying Agent to pay over to
Surviving Corporation any net earnings with respect to the investments, and Surviving Corporation
shall replace promptly any portion of the Payment Fund that the Paying Agent loses through the
investments.
(c) Surviving Corporation may cause the Paying Agent to pay over to Surviving Corporation any
portion of the Payment Fund (including any earnings thereon) remaining 180 days after the Effective
Time, and thereafter all former stockholders shall be entitled to look to Surviving Corporation
(subject to abandoned property, escheat, and other similar Laws) as general creditors thereof with
respect to the cash payable upon surrender of their certificates. Any Merger Consideration
remaining unclaimed as of a date which is immediately prior to such time as such amounts would
otherwise escheat to or become property of any Governmental Entity shall, to the extent permitted
by applicable Law, become the property of Surviving Corporation free and clear of any claims or
interests of any Person previously entitled thereto.
(d) Surviving Corporation shall pay all charges and expenses of the Paying Agent.
(e) Notwithstanding anything in this Agreement to the contrary, Parent, Surviving Corporation
and the Paying Agent shall be entitled to deduct and withhold from the consideration otherwise
payable to any former holder of Target Shares or Target Options pursuant to this Agreement any
amount as may be required to be deducted and withheld with respect to the making of such payment
under applicable Tax Laws. To the extent that amounts are so properly withheld by Parent,
Surviving Corporation or the Paying Agent, as the case may be, and are paid over to the appropriate
Governmental Entity in accordance with applicable Law, such withheld amounts shall be treated for
all purposes of this Agreement as having been paid to the holder of the Target Shares or Target
Options in respect of which such deduction and withholding was made by Parent, Surviving
Corporation or the Paying Agent, as the case may be.
2.7 Closing of Transfer Records. After the Effective Time, the stock transfer books of Target shall be closed and thereafter
there shall be no further registration of transfers of Target Shares that were outstanding prior to
the Effective Time.
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ARTICLE III
Target’s Representations and Warranties
Target’s Representations and Warranties
Target represents and warrants to Parent and Acquisition Sub that the statements contained in
this ARTICLE III are correct and complete, except as set forth in (i) the disclosure schedule
accompanying this Agreement (the “Disclosure Schedule”) or (ii) specific disclosures of
events, facts or circumstances which have already occurred or already exist and are set forth in
reasonable detail in the Target SEC Documents, but only to the extent it is reasonably apparent
that any such disclosure set forth in the Target SEC Documents would qualify the representations
and warranties contained herein and only to the extent that such disclosure is not deemed to modify
any statement contained in this ARTICLE III that includes a specific reference to the Disclosure
Schedule (unless the Disclosure Schedule includes a reference to the specific location of the
disclosure set forth in the Target SEC Documents), and excluding (A) any exhibits to the Target SEC
Documents, (B) any items included therein that are incorporated by reference to other filings or
documents, (C) any risk factor disclosures or other predictive or forward-looking disclosures
contained therein and (D) any Target SEC Documents that are filed after the date of this Agreement.
The Disclosure Schedule will be arranged in paragraphs corresponding to the lettered and numbered
paragraphs contained in this ARTICLE III.
3.1 Due Organization; Good Standing; Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws. Each
of Target and its Subsidiaries is duly organized, validly existing and in good standing
(with respect to jurisdictions that recognize the concept of good standing) under the Laws of the
jurisdiction in which it is organized, and has all the corporate power and authority required to
carry on its business as it is now being conducted and to own and use the properties owned and used
by it. Each of Target and its Subsidiaries is duly qualified or licensed to do business in each
jurisdiction in which the nature of the business conducted by it or the character of the properties
owned or used by it makes such qualification or license necessary. Target has delivered or made
available to Parent and Acquisition Sub a complete and correct copy of Target’s certificate of
incorporation, as amended to date (the “Target Certificate of Incorporation”), and Target’s
amended and restated bylaws, as currently in effect (the “Target Bylaws”). The Target
Certificate of Incorporation and the Target Bylaws are in full force and effect and no other
Organizational Documents are applicable to or binding on Target. Target is not in violation of any
provisions of the Target Certificate of Incorporation or the Target Bylaws.
3.2 Capitalization, Etc.
(a) The entire authorized capital stock of Target consists of 32,500,000 shares, divided into
30,000,000 shares of Target Common Stock and 2,500,000 shares of Target Preferred Stock. Of the
Target Preferred Stock, 100,000 shares are designated as Target Series B Convertible Preferred
Stock. As of June 25, 2009, there are (i) 10,455,821.72 shares of Target Common Stock issued and
outstanding, (ii) 31,202 shares of Target Common Stock held in treasury, (iii) 100,000 shares of
Target Series B Convertible Preferred Stock issued and outstanding, (iv) an aggregate of 404,809.07
shares of Target Common Stock issuable on the exercise of outstanding Target Options, with a
weighted average exercise price of $10.58 per share, (v) an aggregate of 779,221 shares of Target
Common Stock issuable on conversion of the Senior Notes, with a conversion price of $15.40 per
share, (vi) an aggregate of 1,384,424 shares of Target Common Stock issuable on the exercise of
Target Warrants, with a weighted average
14
exercise price of $14.76 per share and (vii) an aggregate of 100,000 shares of Target Common
Stock issuable on conversion of the Target Series B Convertible Preferred Stock. All of the issued
and outstanding Target Shares have been duly authorized and are validly issued, fully paid and
non-assessable. Target has delivered or made available to Parent and Acquisition Sub a complete
and correct copy of the Target Equity Plans, which cover the Target Options and restricted stock
awards granted by Target that are outstanding as of the date of this Agreement, and the forms of
all Target Option agreements and restricted stock award agreements evidencing such Target Options
and stock awards.
(b) All of the issued and outstanding shares of capital stock, membership interests or other
similar equity interests, as applicable, of each of Target’s Subsidiaries are held of record or
owned beneficially by one or more of Target and its Subsidiaries free and clear of all Liens, other
than Permitted Liens, and have been duly authorized and are validly issued, fully paid and
non-assessable. Section 3.2(b) of the Disclosure Schedule lists all Subsidiaries of Target,
together with the jurisdiction of organization of each such Subsidiary. Except for the
Subsidiaries listed in Section 3.2(b) of the Disclosure Schedule, neither Target nor any of its
Subsidiaries owns or has any right to acquire, directly or indirectly, any outstanding capital
stock, membership interests or other similar equity interests, as applicable, of any Entity.
(c) Except as set forth in Section 3.2(a) of the Disclosure Schedule, (i) there are no
outstanding or authorized (A) shares of capital stock or other voting securities of Target, except
for Target Common Stock issued pursuant to the exercise of Target Options in accordance with their
terms, (B) securities of Target convertible into or exchangeable for shares of capital stock or
voting securities of Target or any of its Subsidiaries or (C) options, warrants, purchase rights,
subscription rights, conversion rights, exchange rights or other contracts or commitments that
could require Target or any of its Subsidiaries to issue, sell or otherwise cause to become
outstanding any capital stock of Target or any of its Subsidiaries and (ii) there are no
outstanding obligations of Target or any of its Subsidiaries to repurchase, redeem or otherwise
acquire any of such shares, securities, options, warrants, rights, contracts or commitments. There
are no outstanding or authorized stock appreciation, phantom stock, profit participation or similar
rights with respect to Target or any of its Subsidiaries. No Target Shares are held by any
Subsidiary of Target.
3.3 Authority; Binding Nature of Agreement. Target
has all the power and authority required to execute and deliver this Agreement, to
perform its obligations under this Agreement and, subject to obtaining the Requisite Stockholder
Approval, to consummate the Merger. The board of directors of Target has unanimously (other than
with respect to one director, who recused himself from the vote) (a) determined that the Merger is
fair to, and in the best interests of, Target’s stockholders, (b) authorized and approved the
execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement by Target, (c) declared that this Agreement
is advisable and (d) resolved to recommend the Agreement and Merger to Target’s stockholders. This
Agreement has been duly executed and delivered by Target and constitutes the legal, valid and
binding obligation of Target, enforceable against Target in accordance with its terms. The
Requisite Stockholder Approval is the only vote of the holders of any class or series of Target’s
capital stock necessary to adopt this Agreement or approve the Merger.
15
3.4 Non-Contravention; Consents. Neither the execution and delivery of this Agreement by Target, nor the consummation of the
transactions contemplated hereunder by Target, does or will (a) violate or conflict with any of the
provisions of the Organizational Documents of Target or any of its Subsidiaries, (b) violate any
Law to which Target or any of its Subsidiaries is subject or (c) (i) materially conflict with, (ii)
result in a material breach or default (or cause an event that with or without giving of notice or
lapse of time or both would become a material breach or default) under, (iii) result in the
termination of, (iv) accelerate the performance required by, (v) result in a right of termination
or acceleration under any Target Material Contract (or result in the imposition of any Lien on any
of its material assets). Except as may be required by the Securities Exchange Act or the DGCL and
except as set forth in Section 3.4 of the Disclosure Schedule, neither Target nor any of its
Subsidiaries is required to give any notice to, make any filing with or obtain any authorization,
consent or approval from any Person in order for the Parties to consummate the transactions
contemplated by this Agreement.
3.5 SEC Filings; Financial Statements.
(a) Target has timely filed (after giving effect to any extended time for filing under Rule
12b-25 under the Securities Exchange Act) all forms, reports, statements, certifications and other
documents (including all exhibits, amendments and supplements thereto) required to be filed with or
furnished to the SEC since July 31, 2007 (collectively the “Target SEC Documents”). Each
of the Target SEC Documents, as amended before the date of this Agreement, complied in all material
respects with the applicable requirements of the Securities Act or the Securities Exchange Act, as
in effect when filed. None of the Target SEC Documents contained, when filed, or if amended before
the date of this Agreement, as of the date of such amendment, any untrue statement of a material
fact or omitted to state a material fact required to be stated in order to make the statements
therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading. True and
correct copies of all Target SEC Documents filed before the date of this Agreement have been
delivered to Parent or are publicly available in the Electronic Data Gathering, Analysis and
Retrieval (XXXXX) database of the SEC. None of Target’s Subsidiaries is required to file, or
files, any form, report or other document with the SEC.
(b) Target is in compliance with, and has complied, in all material respects with the
applicable provisions of the Xxxxxxxx-Xxxxx Act of 2002 and the related rules and regulations
promulgated under such Act or the Securities Exchange Act. The management of Target has (i)
implemented disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) of the Securities
Exchange Act) to ensure that material information relating to Target and its Subsidiaries is made
known to the management of Target by others within those Entities and (ii) disclosed, based on its
most recent evaluation, to Target’s outside auditors and the audit committee of the board of
directors of Target (A) all significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or
operation of internal controls (as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) of the Securities Exchange Act) that
are reasonably likely to materially affect Target’s ability to record, process summarize and report
financial data and (B) any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other
employees who, in each case, have a significant role in Target’s internal controls.
16
(c) Since January 31, 2009, none of Target, Target’s board of directors of Target nor any
committee of such board has received any oral or written notification of any (i) “significant
deficiency” in the internal controls over financial reporting of Target, (ii) “material weakness”
in the internal controls over financial reporting of Target or (iii) fraud, whether or not
material, that involves management or other employees of Target or any of its Subsidiaries who have
a significant role in the internal controls over financial reporting.
(d) Target has filed quarterly reports on Form 10-Q for the fiscal quarters ended as of
January 31, 2009 (the “Most Recent Fiscal Quarter End”) and October 31, 2008 and an annual
report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended July 31, 2008. The financial statements (including
related notes and schedules) included in or incorporated by reference into these Target SEC
Documents have been prepared in accordance with GAAP applied on a consistent basis (except as may
be disclosed in the notes to such financial statements) throughout the periods and at the dates
covered thereby and fairly present the financial position of Target and its Subsidiaries as of the
respective dates thereof and the results of operations, stockholders’ equity and cash flows of
Target and its Subsidiaries for the periods covered thereby; provided, however, that the financial
statements included in the quarterly reports are subject to normal year-end adjustments.
(e) Neither Target nor any of its Subsidiaries has any liability (whether known or unknown,
whether asserted or unasserted, whether absolute or contingent, whether accrued or unaccrued,
whether liquidated or unliquidated, and whether due or to become due), including any liability for
Taxes, except for (i) liabilities set forth on the face of the balance sheet as of the Most Recent
Fiscal Quarter End (rather than in any notes thereto) and (ii) liabilities that have arisen after
the Most Recent Fiscal Quarter End in the Ordinary Course of Business (none of which results from,
arises out of, relates to, is in the nature of, or was caused by any breach of contract, breach of
warranty, tort, infringement or violation of a Law).
3.6 Absence of Certain Changes.
(a) Since the Most Recent Fiscal Quarter End, (i) there has not been any Material Adverse
Change, (ii) Target and its Subsidiaries have conducted their business in the Ordinary Course of
Business and (iii) neither Target nor any of its Subsidiaries has (A) suffered any material loss,
damage or destruction to any of its assets or (B) except as expressly contemplated by this
Agreement, taken any action that, if taken after the date hereof, would have constituted a breach
of Section 5.5(b).
(b) Since the Most Recent Fiscal Quarter End, Target has maintained a positive Net Working
Capital balance of at least $1,000,000 and has maintained a positive Available Free Cash balance of
at least $1,000,000. The Parties agree that Net Working Capital, Current Assets, Current
Liabilities and Available Free Cash shall be calculated using accounting principles, methodologies
and practices consistent with GAAP as applied on a consistent basis with the principles,
methodologies and practices used with respect to the Most Recent Balance Sheet. For purposes of
this Agreement, “Net Working Capital” means the aggregate amount of Current Assets, minus
the aggregate amount of Current Liabilities. For purposes of this Agreement, “Current
Assets” means all current assets of Target and its Subsidiaries, including trade receivables
(net of allowances), inventories (net), prepaid expenses, other current assets,
17
cash and cash equivalents. For purposes of this Agreement, “Current Liabilities”
means all current liabilities of Target and its Subsidiaries, including accounts payable and
accrued liabilities, but excluding all other current liabilities (including deferred gain on sale
leaseback, deferred revenue, short-term borrowings, current portion of long-term debt (including
the Senior Notes) and current liabilities of discontinued operations). For purposes of this
Agreement, “Available Free Cash” means the aggregate amount of all cash and cash
equivalents of Target and its Subsidiaries.
3.7 Legal Proceedings; Orders. There is no Legal Proceeding pending or, to the Knowledge of Target, threatened against Target
or any of its Subsidiaries or any of its or their respective properties or rights or any of its or
their respective officers or directors in their capacity as such, nor any internal investigations
(other than investigations in the ordinary course of Target’s or any of its Subsidiaries’
compliance programs) being conducted by Target or any of its Subsidiaries nor have any acts of
alleged misconduct by Target or any of its Subsidiaries been reported to Target or any of its
Subsidiaries. Neither Target nor any of its Subsidiaries, nor any of its or their respective
properties is subject to any order, judgment, injunction, ruling, charge or decree related to the
conduct of the respective businesses of Target and its Subsidiaries. To the Knowledge of Target,
no Person is challenging the right of Target or any Subsidiary to design, manufacture, license,
offer or sell any Products.
3.8 Brokers; Schedule of Fees and Expenses. Neither Target
nor any of its Subsidiaries has any liability or obligation to pay any brokerage,
finder’s or other similar fee or commission to any broker, finder, agent or investment banker with
respect to the transactions contemplated by this Agreement. A good faith estimate, as the date of
this Agreement, of all third party fees and expenses, including any fees that may be payable upon
the consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, such as success fees and the
like, of any accountant, broker, financial advisor, consultant, legal counsel or other person
retained by Target in connection with this Agreement or the transactions contemplated hereby
incurred or to be incurred or expected to be incurred by Target or any of its Subsidiaries with
respect to this Agreement and the transactions contemplated by this Agreement is set forth on
Section 3.8 of the Disclosure Schedule.
3.9 Intellectual Property.
(a) Each product developed, manufactured, marketed, distributed, performed, licensed, sold,
rendered, provided, offered, performed or planned in writing by Target or any of its Subsidiaries
(“Product”) since January 1, 2005 through Closing is set forth in Section 3.9(a) of the
Disclosure Schedule.
(b) All Target Intellectual Property owned in whole or in part at any time by Target, and to
the Knowledge of Target all other Target Intellectual Property, that is or at any time has been
subject to an application or registration for protection under the Laws of any jurisdiction
throughout the world (whether now pending, existing, abandoned or expired) are set forth in Section
3.9(b) of the Disclosure Schedule, specifying as to all such Target Intellectual Property:
(i) the type of the Target Intellectual Property;
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(ii) the owner of the Target Intellectual Property (and, in the case that Target or any of its
Subsidiaries is not the owner, the nature of the rights held by Target or its Subsidiaries, as
applicable);
(iii) the jurisdictions by or in which such Target Intellectual Property has been issued or
registered or in which an application for such issuance or registration has been filed, including
the respective registration or application numbers and dates of issuance, registration or filing;
and
(iv) each Product to which the Target Intellectual Property relates.
Other than the Target Intellectual Property set forth on Section 3.9(b) of the Disclosure
Schedule, there are no other Intellectual Property material to or necessary for the conduct of the
business of Target or any of its Subsidiaries as currently conducted and as proposed to be
conducted that is or at any time has been subject to an application or registration for protection
under the laws of any jurisdiction throughout the world (whether now pending, existing, abandoned
or expired).
(c) In Section 3.9(c) of the Disclosure Schedule, Target has accurately identified and
described each filing, payment, and action that must be made or taken on or before the date that is
120 days after the date of this Agreement in order to maintain any applications and registrations
for all Target Intellectual Property owned by Target or any of its Subsidiaries. Target has
provided to Parent complete and accurate copies of all applications, registrations, correspondence
and other material documents filed, or to be filed, with the applicable Governmental Entity related
to the Target Intellectual Property during such 120-day period. All registrations and applications
for Target Intellectual Property owned by Target or any of its Subsidiaries are registered in the
name of Target or one of its Subsidiaries, and Target or one of its Subsidiaries is in possession
of all applications, registrations (and certificates of registration and letters patent), renewals,
reissues, extensions and all other instruments evidencing ownership of the Target Intellectual
Property.
(d) Target has provided Parent with accurate and complete copies of all License-In Contracts,
all of which are set forth on Section 3.9(d) of the Disclosure Schedule. For each License-In
Contract, Section 3.9(d) of the Disclosure Schedule further specifies the parties to, and the
nature of the rights held by Target or any of its Subsidiaries in the Target Intellectual Property
subject to, the License-In Contract. Each License-In Contract is binding against all parties to
such License-In Contract, fully exercisable and enforceable by Target or its applicable Subsidiary,
and in full force and effect. The License-In Contracts provide Target or its applicable Subsidiary
with all rights, licenses, authorizations and other permissions to any Intellectual Property owned
by any Person other than Target or its applicable Subsidiary necessary for the conduct the business
of Target and its Subsidiaries in any manner, as currently conducted or as proposed to be
conducted. The rights acquired under each License-In Contract will be fully exercisable and
enforceable by Parent on and after the Closing to the same extent as by Target and its Subsidiaries
prior to the Closing. Neither Target nor any of its Subsidiaries have any obligation to compensate
or account to any Person an amount in excess of $10,000 for the use of any Intellectual Property.
19
(e) Target has provided Parent with accurate and complete copies of all License-Out Contracts,
all of which are set forth on Section 3.9(e) of the Disclosure Schedule. For each License-Out
Contract, Section 3.9(e) of the Disclosure Schedule further specifies the parties to, and the
nature of the rights held by Target and its Subsidiaries in the Target Intellectual Property
subject to, the License-Out Contract. Each License-Out Contract is binding against all parties to
such License-Out Contract, fully exercisable and enforceable by Target or its applicable
Subsidiary, and in full force and effect. Each License-Out Contract will be fully exercisable and
enforceable by Parent on and after the Closing to the same extent as by Target or its applicable
Subsidiary before the Closing.
(f) Except for the Licensed-In IP subject to a License-In Contract set forth on Section 3.9(d)
of the Disclosure Schedule, (i) Target or one of its Subsidiaries is the sole and exclusive owner
of all right, title and interest in and to the Target Intellectual Property free and clear of all
Liens or other rights, licenses, equities or claims; (ii) all Target Intellectual Property (or
portion thereof) are valid, fully enforceable, and in full force and effect, and following Closing
will remain, to the Knowledge of Target, valid, fully enforceable, and in full force and effect;
and (iii) the Surviving Corporation will be the sole and exclusive owner free and clear of all
Liens or other rights, licenses, equities or claims, of all right, title and interest in and to all
of the Target Intellectual Property (or portion thereof) on and after the Closing, to the Knowledge
of Target, without seeking the authorization, consent or approval of any Person and without
payments to any Person other than as set forth in this Agreement.
(g) (i) Neither Target nor any of its Subsidiaries has received any notice of any claim or
allegation of infringement, misappropriation or other violation from any Person with respect to the
Target Intellectual Property; (ii) the Target Intellectual Property and the operation of the
business of Target and its Subsidiaries as currently conducted and as proposed to be conducted are
not currently infringing on, in conflict with, misappropriating, or otherwise violating any
Intellectual Property of any Person and, to the Knowledge of Target, are not subject to any pending
or threatened litigation or other adverse claim of infringement or misappropriation by any Person;
(iii) except for as listed in Section 3.9(g) of the Disclosure Schedule, within the last 10 years,
neither Target nor any of its Subsidiaries has threatened, initiated or contemplated any claim or
allegation against any Person alleging that the Person infringes, misappropriates or otherwise
violates any Target Intellectual Property; (iv) to the Knowledge of Target, no Person has infringed
or otherwise misappropriated or is now infringing or misappropriating any Target Intellectual
Property; (v) to the Knowledge of Target, all of the Target Intellectual Property is valid,
subsisting and enforceable on the Closing; (vi) there have been no threats received by Target or
any of its Subsidiaries alleging that any Target Intellectual Property is invalid or unenforceable;
and (vii) to the Knowledge of Target, there has been no prior use of any Target Intellectual
Property (or portion thereof) by any Person that would confer upon such Person superior rights in
such Target Intellectual Property (or portion thereof). Each of Target and its Subsidiaries has
taken reasonable steps to preserve and maintain records relating to the Target Intellectual
Property.
(h) No interference, opposition, reissue, reexamination or other proceeding of any nature is
or has been pending or threatened, in which the scope, validity or enforceability of any Target
Intellectual Property is being, has been or could reasonably be expected to be contested or
challenged.
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(i) Each of Target and its Subsidiaries has used best efforts to protect and preserve the
security, confidentiality and value of the Target Intellectual Property. Without limiting the
foregoing, each of Target and its Subsidiaries has at all times enforced a policy requiring each of
its employees, consultants and contractors, and any other Person involved in the creation or
development of any Target Intellectual Property, to enter into a valid and enforceable
non-disclosure and invention assignment agreement with Target or its applicable Subsidiary
substantially in Target’s standard form, a copy of which is included as Section 3.9(i) of the
Disclosure Schedule (“Target Non-Disclosure and Invention Assignment Contract”). All
current and former employees, consultants and contractors of Target or any of its Subsidiaries, and
any other Person involved in the creation or development of any Target Intellectual Property (or
portion thereof), have executed a valid and enforceable Target Non-Disclosure and Invention
Assignment Contract and a copy of each such Target Non-Disclosure and Invention Assignment Contract
has been delivered to Parent. No Person other than Target and its Subsidiaries has any claim,
right (whether or not currently exercisable) or interest to or in any Target Intellectual Property
(or portion thereof). There has been no misappropriation of confidential information of Target or
any of its Subsidiaries.
(j) Neither Target nor any of its Subsidiaries is utilizing in its business, nor will
Surviving Corporation be required to utilize in the business of the Surviving Corporation after
Closing: (i) any inventions of any employees of Target or any of its Subsidiaries made, or any
Trade Secrets (including confidential information) of any Person to which such employees were
exposed, prior to their employment by Target or any of its Subsidiaries; and (ii) any Trade Secrets
(including confidential information) of another Person to which any independent contractors or
consultants of Target or any of its Subsidiaries have been exposed.
(k) None of the Target Software: (i) contains, to the Knowledge of Target, any bug, defect or
error (including any bug, defect or error relating to or resulting from the display, manipulation,
processing, storage, transmission or use of date data) that materially and adversely affects the
use, functionality or performance of such Target Software or any product or system containing or
used in conjunction with such Target Software; or (ii) fails to comply with any applicable warranty
or other contractual commitment relating to the use, functionality or performance of the Target
Software or any product or system containing or used in conjunction with such Target Software. No
Target Software is, in whole or in part, subject to the provisions of any open source, quasi-open
source or any other Contract obligating Target or any of its Subsidiaries to make source code
available to third parties or to publish source code under any circumstances. No source code for
any Target Software has been delivered, licensed or made available to any escrow agent or other
Person who is not, as of the date of this Agreement an employee of Target or any of its
Subsidiaries. Neither Target nor any of its Subsidiaries has any duty or obligation (whether
present, contingent or otherwise) to deliver, license or make available the source code for any
Target Software to any escrow agent or other Person who is not, as of the date of this Agreement,
an employee of Target or one of its Subsidiaries.
(l) Neither Target nor any of its Subsidiaries has made any submission or suggestion to, or
otherwise participated in, and is not subject to any Contract with, any standards bodies or other
entities that could obligate Target or any of its Subsidiaries to grant licenses or rights with
respect to or otherwise impair its control of Target Intellectual Property. No funding,
21
facilities or personnel of any Governmental Entity or educational institution were used,
directly or indirectly, to develop or create, in whole or in part, any of the Target Intellectual
Property.
(m) Target and its Subsidiaries exercised reasonable diligence with respect to the filing,
prosecution and maintenance of all Intellectual Property owned or exclusively licensed by Target or
any of its Subsidiaries. For each patent or patent application owned by Target or any of its
Subsidiaries, (i) all inventors have been properly identified and named; (ii) all inventors have
executed an assignment of rights to Target or its applicable Subsidiary and, at Closing, Target or
its applicable Subsidiary shall be the sole assignee; and (iii) to the Knowledge of Target, the
United States Patent and Trademark Office (the “USPTO”) has been provided full disclosure,
including prior art (in accordance with 37 C.F.R. § 1.56) and best mode at the time of filing (in
accordance with 35 U.S.C. § 112). For each patent or patent application licensed by Target or any
of its Subsidiaries, (1) to the Knowledge of Target, all inventors have been properly identified
and named; (2) to the Knowledge of Target, the USPTO has been provided full disclosure, including
prior art (in accordance with 37 C.F.R. § 1.56) and best mode at the time of filing (in accordance
with 35 U.S.C. § 112); and (3) any royalties due to third parties have been fully set forth in
Section 3.9(m) of the Disclosure Schedule.
(n) Any filing, registration, issuance, maintenance and renewal fees due in connection with
the Target Intellectual Property (or portion thereof) have been paid on or before the final
deadline for paying such fees and all documents, certificates and other material necessary to
maintain such Target Intellectual Property (or portion thereof) have been filed on or before the
final deadline for paying such fee with the relevant Governmental Entity. Target and its
Subsidiaries have complied with any and all obligations pertaining to listing any relevant Patents
included in the Target Intellectual Property in the FDA Orange Book and have also complied with any
and all obligations under the Xxxx-Xxxx Act. Except as set forth in Section 3.9(n) of the
Disclosure Schedule, no Person has submitted and, to the Knowledge of Target, no Person has
indicated any plan to submit, an Abbreviated New Drug Application that includes a certification as
defined in 21 U.S.C. 355(j)(2)(A)(vii)(IV) citing any Patent listed in the FDA Orange Book for any
Product.
3.10 Title to Assets; Real Property.
(a) One or more of Target and its Subsidiaries has good title to, or a valid leasehold
interest in, the properties and assets used by them, located on their premises or reflected on the
Most Recent Balance Sheet or acquired after the date thereof, free and clear of any Liens, other
than Permitted Liens, except for property and assets disposed of in the Ordinary Course of Business
since the Most Recent Fiscal Quarter End. One or more of Target and its Subsidiaries own or lease
all buildings, machinery, equipment and other tangible assets necessary for the conduct of their
business as presently conducted.
(b) Section 3.10(b) of the Disclosure Schedule contains a complete and accurate list of all of
the existing leases, subleases, licenses or other agreements (collectively, the “Real Property
Leases”) under which Target or any of its Subsidiaries uses or occupies or has the right to use
or occupy, now or in the future, any real property (the “Leased Real Property”). Target
has delivered or otherwise made available to Parent true, correct and complete copies of all Real
Property Leases (including all modifications and side agreements in connection
22
therewith). Except as set forth in the Real Property Leases, neither Target nor any of its
Subsidiaries have transferred or assigned any interest in any Real Property Lease, nor have they
subleased or otherwise granted rights of use or occupancy of any of the premises described therein
to any other Person. Section 3.10(b) of the Disclosure Schedule contains a complete and accurate
list of all of the real property owned in fee by Target or its Subsidiaries (the “Owned Real
Property”). Neither Target nor any of its Subsidiaries have subleased or otherwise granted
rights of use or occupancy to any other Person of any Owned Real Property. There are no
outstanding agreements, options, rights of first offer or rights of first refusal on the part of
any Person to purchase any Owned Real Property. The Leased Real Property, the Owned Real Property
and the personal property owned or leased by Target or any of its Subsidiaries are in good
operating condition and repair and free from any material defects, reasonable wear and tear
excepted, and are suitable for the uses for which they are being used in all material respects.
3.11 Contracts. Section 3.11 of the Disclosure Schedule contains a complete and accurate list of all Contracts
to which Target or any of its Subsidiaries is a party or by which Target, any of its Subsidiaries
or any of their respective assets is bound that (a) is a “material contract” (as defined in Item
601(b)(10) of Regulation S-K of the SEC), (b) restricts or limits in any way the ability of Target
or any of its Subsidiaries to conduct business, including to compete in any geographic area or line
of business, (c) is a partnership, joint venture, product development, research and development or
other agreement involving an allocation or sharing of profits, losses, costs or liabilities, (d) is
a Contract to allocate, share or otherwise indemnify for Taxes, (e) involves aggregate payments of
more than $100,000 annually, (f) is between one or more of Target and its Subsidiaries and any
director or officer of Target or any Person beneficially owning five percent or more of any class
of the outstanding Target Shares, (g) is an employment or consulting Contract, (h) provides for
benefits (including severance pay, accelerated vesting, bonuses and relocation expenses) to be
provided to any employee, director or officer upon or in connection with a change in control of
Target or any of its Subsidiaries, (i) provides for indemnification or a guaranty by Target or any
of its Subsidiaries to any Person, (j) is a loan or credit agreement, indenture, mortgage, note,
guaranty or other Contract evidencing indebtedness for money borrowed, (k) grants “most favored
nation or customer” status that, following the Merger, would apply to Parent or its Affiliates
(including Target and Target’s Subsidiaries), (l) prohibits or limits the right of Target or any of
its Subsidiaries (or, after the Effective Time, Parent or its Affiliates) to make, develop, sell or
distribute any Products or use, transfer, license, distribute or enforce any of the Target
Intellectual Property, (m) would prevent or impair Target’s ability to consummate the Merger, (n)
could require the disposition of any material assets or line of business of Target or any of its
Subsidiaries (or, after the Effective Time, Parent or its Affiliates), (o) contains a put, call or
similar right pursuant to which Target or any of its Subsidiaries (or, after the Effective Time,
Parent or its Affiliates) could be required to purchase or sell, as applicable, any equity
interests of any Person, (p) is a Real Property Lease, (q) is a Contract the term of which exceeds
one year and is not terminable by Target or any of its Subsidiaries, as applicable, on notice of 60
days or less, (r) relates to the acquisition, sale or disposition of any material business unit or
product line of Target or any of its Subsidiaries, (s) relates to the creation of a Lien on any
asset of Target or any of its Subsidiaries, (t) is a commercial Contract with any Governmental
Entity, (u) is a non-disclosure, confidentiality, standstill, non-solicitation, non-hire or similar
agreement or (v) was not negotiated and entered into on an arm’s-length basis. The foregoing
Contracts, together with the License-In Contracts, the License-Out Contracts and the Target
Non-Disclosure and Invention Assignment
23
Agreements, are collectively referred to herein as “Target Material Contracts.” Neither
Target nor any of its Subsidiaries is, or has received any notice or has any Knowledge that any
other party is, in breach or default in any respect under any Target Material Contract, and there
has not occurred any event that with the lapse of time, the giving of notice or both would
constitute such breach or default. Each Target Material Contract is valid, binding and enforceable
in accordance with its terms and is in full force and effect with respect to one or more of Target
and its Subsidiaries, as applicable. Target has delivered or otherwise made available to Parent
true, correct and complete copies (or in the case of oral Contracts, a true and correct written
summary of the material terms) of each Target Material Contract, together with all amendments and
supplements thereto.
3.12 Compliance with Laws. Without limiting the generality
of any other provision herein, each of Target and its
Subsidiaries is currently in compliance, and since January 1, 2005 has complied, in all material
respects with all Laws and Governmental Authorizations applicable to their business or respective
assets, and, since January 1, 2005, no Legal Proceeding has been filed or commenced and no
complaint, claim, demand or notice has been made against Target or any of its Subsidiaries alleging
any failure to so comply.
3.13 Tax Matters. Notwithstanding any information set forth in any Target SEC Document:
(a) All Tax Returns required to have been filed by Target and its Subsidiaries (i) have been
filed on or before the applicable due date (as such due date may have been extended), and (ii) have
been prepared in compliance with applicable Laws. All Taxes due and owing by Target and its
Subsidiaries (whether or not shown on any Tax Return) have been paid. Target is not and has never
been a United States real property holding corporation within the meaning of section 897(c)(2) of
the Code.
(b) The Most Recent Balance Sheet fully reflects all accrued liabilities of Target and its
Subsidiaries for Taxes with respect to all periods through the time period on such Most Recent
Balance Sheet in accordance with GAAP. Since June 1, 2006, neither the Target nor any of its
Subsidiaries has incurred any liability for Taxes arising from extraordinary gains or losses, as
that term is used in GAAP, outside the Ordinary Course of Business.
(c) Each of Target and its Subsidiaries have timely withheld and paid all Taxes required to
have been withheld and paid in connection with any amounts paid or owing to any employee,
independent contractor, creditor, stockholder or other third party.
(d) Neither the Target nor any of its Subsidiaries expects any Tax Authority to assess any
additional Tax for any period in which Tax Returns have been filed. As of the date of this
Agreement, (i) there are no examinations or audits of any Tax Return currently underway, (ii) no
extension or waiver of the limitation period applicable to any Tax Return is in effect, (iii) no
Legal Proceeding is pending or threatened, in writing, by any Tax Authority against Target or any
of its Subsidiaries in respect of any material Tax, (iv) there are no unsatisfied liabilities for
Taxes with respect to any written notice of deficiency or similar document received by Target or
any of its Subsidiaries with respect to any Tax (other than liabilities for Taxes asserted under
any such notice of deficiency or similar document which are being contested in good faith), and (v)
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there are no Liens for Taxes upon any of the assets of Target or any of its Subsidiaries.
Target is not required to include any adjustment in taxable income for any Tax period ending after
the Closing Date as a result of any change in method of accounting. Target has not been a member
of any combined, consolidated or unitary group (other than the group of which Target is currently a
member) for which it is currently or will be liable for Taxes under principles of Section 1.1502-6
of the Treasury Regulations.
(e) Neither Target nor any of its Subsidiaries has constituted either a “distributing
corporation” or a “controlled corporation” in a distribution of stock intended to qualify for
tax-free treatment under Section 355 of the Code (i) in the two years prior to the date of this
Agreement or (ii) in a distribution which otherwise constitutes part of a “plan” or “series of
related transactions” (within the meaning of Section 355(e) of the Code) that includes the Merger.
(f) Neither Target nor any of its Subsidiaries has engaged in a “reportable transaction,” as
set forth in Section 1.6011-4(b) of the Treasury Regulations, including any “listed transaction” as
defined in Section 1.6011-4(b)(2) of the Treasury Regulations.
(g) Neither Target nor any of its Subsidiaries have received a written notice from any
Governmental Entity in any jurisdiction in which Target and its Subsidiaries do not currently pay
Tax claiming that either Target or any of its Subsidiaries is subject to Tax in such jurisdiction.
(h) There is no agreement between Target or any of its Subsidiaries and any employee or
independent contractor of Target or any of its Subsidiaries that will give rise to any material
payment that would not be deductible pursuant to Section 280G or Section 162(m) of the Code.
Neither Target nor any of its Subsidiaries is a party to any Tax indemnity agreement, Tax sharing
agreement, Tax allocation agreement or similar Contract, except as contemplated under principles of
Section 1.1502-6 of the Treasury Regulations.
(i) Zila Limited, a United Kingdom limited corporation, is and has at all times been properly
treated as a disregarded entity for federal Tax purposes, and has properly filed an IRS Form 8832
to elect to be so treated as of the date of its formation.
3.14 Employee Benefit Plans.
(a) Target has provided or made available to Parent copies of all employee benefit plans,
policies, practices, Contracts, agreements, programs or other arrangements providing for
compensation, bonus, change of control, severance, termination pay, pension, retirement,
disability, insurance, vacation, deferred compensation, stock or stock related awards, fringe
benefits, welfare benefits or other remuneration maintained or contributed to by Target or any of
its Subsidiaries or under which Target or any of its Subsidiaries or any ERISA Affiliate has or may
have any liability for the benefit of any current or former employee, independent contractor or
director (the “Target Benefit Plans”).
(b) Each Target Benefit Plan that is intended to be qualified under Section 401(a) of the Code
or any non-U.S. jurisdiction has received a favorable determination letter (or opinion letter, if
applicable) from the U.S. Internal Revenue Service or applicable
25
Governmental Entity stating that such Target Benefit Plan is so qualified. Each Target Benefit Plan has
been operated in compliance with its terms and with all applicable Laws.
(c) All contributions, premiums and other payments required to be made with respect to any
Target Benefit Plan have been timely made under applicable Laws, any applicable collective
bargaining agreement and the terms of such Target Benefit Plan. No event has occurred and there
currently exists no condition or set of circumstances in connection with which Target or any of its
Subsidiaries could reasonably be expected to be subject to any material liability under the terms
of any Target Benefit Plan, ERISA, the Code or codes of practice issued by any Governmental Entity,
collective bargaining agreement or any other applicable Laws. Except as required by Laws, neither
Target nor any of its Subsidiaries has any plan or commitment to amend or establish any new Target
Benefit Plan or to increase any benefits under any Target Benefit Plan.
(d) There are no Legal Proceedings pending or threatened on behalf of or against any Target
Benefit Plan, the assets of any trust under any Target Benefit Plan, or the plan sponsor, plan
administrator or any fiduciary or any Target Benefit Plan with respect to the administration or
operation of such plans, other than routine claims for benefits that have been or are being handled
through an administrative claims procedure.
(e) None of Target, any of its Subsidiaries, or, to the Knowledge of Target, any of their
respective directors, officers, employees or agents has, with respect to any Target Benefit Plan,
engaged in or been a party to any non-exempt “prohibited transaction,” as such term is defined in
Section 4975 of the Code or Section 406 of ERISA, which could reasonably be expected to result in
the imposition of a material penalty assessed pursuant to Section 502(i) of ERISA or a material Tax
imposed by Section 4975 of the Code, in each case applicable to Target, any of its Subsidiaries or
any Target Benefit Plan or for which Target or any of its Subsidiaries has any indemnification
obligation.
(f) No Target Benefit Plan is (1) a “defined benefit plan” (as defined in Section 414 of the
Code), (2) a “multiemployer plan” (as defined in Section 3(37) of ERISA), (3) a “multiple employer
plan” (as defined in Section 4063 or 4064 of ERISA) or (4) subject to Section 302 of ERISA, Section
412 of the Code or Title IV of ERISA.
(g) No Target Benefit Plan that is a “welfare benefit plan” within the meaning of Section 3(1)
of ERISA provides benefits to former employees of Target or its ERISA Affiliates, other than
pursuant to Section 4980B of the Code or any similar state, local or foreign law.
(h) Each non-qualified deferred compensation plan or arrangement subject to Section 409A of
the Code has been operated and administered in good faith compliance with Section 409A of the Code
from the period beginning after December 31, 2004 through the date hereof.
(i) Each Target Option or other similar right to acquire Target Common Stock or other equity
interests of Target (i) has an exercise price that is not less than the fair market value of the
underlying equity as of the date such Target Option or other similar right was
26
granted in accordance with all governing documents and in compliance with all applicable Law,
(ii) has no feature for the deferral of compensation other than the deferral of recognition of
income until the later of exercise or disposition of such Target Option or other similar right,
(iii) to the extent it was granted after December 31, 2004, was granted with respect to a class of
stock of Target that is “service recipient stock” (within the meaning of applicable regulations and
other guidance issued with respect to Section 409A of the Code), and (iv) has at all times been
properly accounted for in accordance with GAAP in Target’s audited financial statements included in
documents filed with the SEC and provided to Parent.
(j) No deduction for federal Tax purposes has been, nor is any such deduction expected by
Target to be, disallowed for remuneration paid by Target or any of its Subsidiaries by reason of
Section 162(m) of the Code, including by reason of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement.
(k) Except as required by applicable Laws or except as otherwise expressly permitted under
this Agreement, no condition or term under any relevant Target Benefit Plan exists which would
prevent Parent or the Surviving Corporation or any of its Subsidiaries from terminating or amending
any Target Benefit Plan at any time for any reason without liability to Parent or the Surviving
Corporation or any of its Subsidiaries (other than ordinary administration expenses or routine
claims for accrued benefits).
(l) Except as expressly contemplated by this Agreement, the execution and delivery of this
Agreement and the consummation of the Merger (i) will not materially increase the benefits payable
by Target under any Target Benefit Plan and (ii) will not result in any acceleration of the time of
payment or vesting of any material benefits payable by Target under any Target Benefit Plan.
3.15 Labor and Employment Matters. Neither Target nor any of its Subsidiaries is a party to any collective bargaining agreement
with any labor organization or other representative of any employees, nor is any such agreement
presently being negotiated by Target or any of its Subsidiaries. To the Knowledge of Target, there
are no union organizing activities concerning any employees of Target or any of its Subsidiaries.
There are no unfair labor practice charges, grievances or complaints pending against Target or any
of its Subsidiaries before the National Labor Relations Board or any other labor relations tribunal
or authority, domestic or foreign. There are no strikes, work stoppages, slowdowns, lockouts,
arbitrations or grievances, or other labor disputes pending or, to the Knowledge of Target,
threatened in writing against or involving Target or any of its Subsidiaries. During the preceding
two years, Target has not effectuated a “plant closing” (as defined in Worker Adjustment and
Retraining Notification Act, “WARN”) or a “mass lay-off” (as defined in WARN), in either
case affecting any site of employment or facility of Target or any of its Subsidiaries, except in
accordance with WARN.
3.16 Environmental Matters. Each of Target and its Subsidiaries has complied with all applicable Environmental Laws
applicable to their business or respective assets. To the Knowledge of Target, no current or prior
owner of any property leased or controlled by Target or any of its Subsidiaries has received any
written notice from a Governmental Entity that such current or prior owner or Target or any of its
Subsidiaries is materially violating any Environmental Law. There has been no release of any
hazardous materials at or from the
27
Facilities and there are otherwise no hazardous materials present in, on or under the Facilities or
at any other locations where any hazardous materials were generated, manufactured, refined,
transferred, stored, produced, imported, used, processed from or disposed of by Target or any of
its Subsidiaries that would reasonably be expected to result in a material liability to Target or
any of its Subsidiaries. Neither Target nor any of its Subsidiaries has disposed of, emitted,
discharged, handled, stored, transported, used or released any hazardous materials, distributed,
sold or otherwise placed on the market hazardous materials or any product containing hazardous
materials, arranged for the disposal, discharge, storage or release of any hazardous materials, or
exposed any employee or other individual to any hazardous materials, which would reasonably be
expected to result in material liability or material corrective or remedial obligation under any
Environmental Laws. Neither Target nor any of its Subsidiaries have entered into any Contract that
may require any of them to guarantee, reimburse, pledge, defend, hold harmless or indemnify any
other party with respect to liabilities arising out of Environmental Laws or hazardous materials
related activities of Target or any of its Subsidiaries or any other Person. To the Knowledge of
Target, there is no fact or circumstance that could involve Target or any of its Subsidiaries in
any material environmental litigation or impose upon Target or any of its Subsidiaries any material
environmental liability. Target has delivered or made available to Parent all material records any
of Target and its Subsidiaries have concerning their respective hazardous materials activities and
all environmental audits and environmental assessments of the Facilities conducted at the request
of, or otherwise in the possession of, Target or any of its Subsidiaries.
3.17 Insurance. Target and its Subsidiaries have all material policies of insurance covering Target, its
Subsidiaries or any of their respective employees, properties or assets, including policies of
property, fire, workers’ compensation, products liability, directors’ and officers’ liability and
other casualty and liability insurance, that is in a form and amount that, to the Knowledge of
Target, is customarily carried by persons conducting business similar to that of Target and its
Subsidiaries and which Target believes is adequate for the operation of its business. All such
insurance policies are in full force and effect and there is no existing default or event which,
with the giving of notice or lapse of time or both, would constitute a default, by any insured
thereunder. Since December 1, 2006, neither Target nor any of its Subsidiaries has received any
written communication notifying Target or any of its Subsidiaries of any (a) cancellation or
invalidation of any material insurance policy held by Target or any of its Subsidiaries (except
with respect to policies that have been replaced with similar policies), (b) refusal of any
coverage or rejection of any material claim under any material insurance policy held by Target or
any of its Subsidiaries or (c) material adjustment in the amount of the premiums payable with
respect to any insurance policy held by Target or any of its Subsidiaries. There is no pending
claim by Target under any insurance policy held by Target or any of its Subsidiaries.
3.18 Regulatory Compliance.
(a) Each Product that is subject to the jurisdiction of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic
Act of 1938, as amended (the “FDCA”), the Public Health Service Act, as amended (the
“PHSA”), the Controlled Substances Act, as amended (the “CSA”), and the regulations
promulgated thereunder or similar Laws in any foreign jurisdiction, is being developed,
manufactured, stored, tested, marketed, promoted and/or distributed in compliance
28
with all applicable requirements under FDCA, the PHSA, the CSA and the regulations promulgated
thereunder or similar Laws in any foreign jurisdiction.
(b) All manufacturing operations relating to any Product or conducted by, or on behalf of,
Target or any of its Subsidiaries have been and are being, to the extent required by applicable
Laws, conducted in compliance with the Federal Food and Drug Administration (the “FDA”)
regulations for current Good Manufacturing Practice, including but not limited to 21 C.F.R. Parts
210, 211, and 820, and applicable guidance documents, as amended from time to time, and all
applicable similar requirements in other jurisdictions.
(c) All pre-clinical and clinical studies relating to Products conducted by or on behalf of
Target and any of its Subsidiaries have been, or are being, conducted in compliance with the
requirements of the FDA’s Good Laboratory Practice regulations and FDA’s guidance on Good Clinical
Practice and the conduct of clinical trials , as set forth in regulations under 21 C.F.R. Parts 50,
54, 56, 58, 312, 812 and applicable FDA guidance documents, as amended from time to time, the
Animal Welfare Act, and all applicable similar requirements in other jurisdictions, and all
requirements relating to protection of human subjects and, to the extent it would not reasonably be
expected to result in a material liability to Target, the provisions governing the privacy of
patient medical records under the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 and
the implementing regulations of the United States Department of Health and Human Services. Target
has not received any notice that the FDA or any state or federal government authority or
institutional review board has initiated, or threatened to initiate, any clinical hold or other
action to suspend any clinical trial or suspend or terminate any Investigational New Drug
Application or Investigational Device Exemption Application sponsored by or on behalf of Target or
otherwise restrict the preclinical research on or clinical study of any Products.
(d) All applications, notifications, submissions, information, claims, reports and statistics,
and other data and conclusions derived therefrom, utilized as the basis for or submitted in
connection with any and all requests for marketing authorization from the FDA or other Governmental
Entity relating to Target or any of its Subsidiaries, and its respective business and Products,
when submitted to the FDA or other Governmental Entity, were true, complete and correct in all
material respects as of the date of submission and any necessary or required updates, changes,
corrections or modification to such applications, submissions, information and data have been or
are in the process of being submitted to the FDA or other Governmental Entity.
(e) No Product has been voluntarily recalled, suspended or discontinued by Target or any of
its Subsidiaries at the request of the FDA or any other Governmental Entity, nor has Target or any
of its Subsidiaries received any notice from the FDA or any other Governmental Entity that it is
not in compliance with applicable requirements under FDCA, the PHSA, the CSA and the regulations
promulgated thereunder or similar Laws in any foreign jurisdiction, including verbal notice or
notice in the form of inspectional observations in a Form FDA-483, warning letter or any other
writing; nor has Target or any of its Subsidiaries received any notice from the FDA or any other
Governmental Entity that it has commenced, or threatened to initiate, any action to withdraw
approval, place sales or marketing restrictions on or request
29
the recall of any Product, or that it has commenced or threatened to initiate any action to
enjoin or place restrictions on the production of any Product.
(f) No officer, employee or agent of Target or any of its Subsidiaries has made an untrue
statement of a material fact or fraudulent statement to the FDA or any other Governmental Entity,
failed to disclose a material fact required to be disclosed to the FDA or any other Governmental
Entity, or committed an act, made a statement or failed to make a statement that, at the time such
disclosure was made, would reasonably be expected to provide a basis for the FDA or any other
Governmental Entity to invoke its policy respecting “Fraud, Untrue Statements of Material Facts,
Bribery, and Illegal Gratuities,” set forth in 56 Fed. Reg. 46191 (September 10, 1991) or any
similar policy. Neither Target nor any of its Subsidiaries has employed or used in any capacity
the services of any individual or entity debarred under 21 U.S.C. § 335a(a) or any similar Laws in
connection with a Product, and neither Target nor any of its Subsidiaries, nor any of their
respective directors, officers, agents or employees, has engaged in any conduct that has resulted,
or would reasonably be expected to result, in debarment under 21 U.S.C. § 335a(a) or any similar
Laws.
(g) Neither Target nor any of its Subsidiaries, nor any of their respective directors,
officers, agents or employees, has engaged in any conduct that has resulted or would reasonably be
expected to result in any material violation of the Federal Antikickback Statute (42 U.S.C. §
1320a-7(b)), the civil False Claims Act (31 U.S.C. § 3729 et seq.), the Anti-Inducement Law (42
U.S.C. § 1320a-7a(a)(5)), the administrative False Claims Law (42 U.S.C. § 1320a-7b(a)), the Health
Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (42 U.S.C. § 1320d et seq.), the exclusion
laws (42 U.S.C. § 1320a-7), the FDCA (21 U.S.C. §§ 301 et seq.), the Medicare Program (Title XVIII
of the Social Security Act), the Medicaid Program (Title XIX of the Social Security Act), the
regulations promulgated pursuant to such Laws, and any other similar Law or guidance, including the
collection and reporting requirements, and the processing of any applicable rebate, chargeback or
adjustment owed by Target or any of its Subsidiaries, under applicable rules and regulations
relating to the Medicaid Drug Rebate Program (42 U.S.C. § 1396r-8) and any state supplemental
rebate program, Medicare average sales price reporting (42 U.S.C. § 1395w-3a), the PHSA (42 U.S.C.
§ 256b), the VA Federal Supply Schedule (38 U.S.C. § 8126) or under any state pharmaceutical
assistance program or U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs agreement, and any successor government
programs (collectively, “Health Care Laws”). None of Target or any of its Subsidiaries has
received any written notification, correspondence or any other written communication from any
Governmental Entity, including, without limitation, the FDA, the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid
Services and the Department of Health and Human Services Office of Inspector General, of potential
or actual material non-compliance by, or liability of, Target or any of its Subsidiaries, under any
Health Care Laws.
(h) Target, its Subsidiaries and their respective employees are in compliance with the Foreign
Corrupt Practices Act of 1977, as amended, any rules or regulations thereunder and any other United
States or foreign anti-corruption or anti-bribery Laws.
(i) Target and its Subsidiaries are in compliance in all respects with the U.S. export laws
and regulations, including, but not limited to, the International Traffic in Arms Regulations, the
FDA, if applicable, and the Export Administration Regulations, and including
30
but not limited to compliance with all regulations, orders and licensing requirements relating
to the exportation or reexportation of goods or technology to any sanctioned country. Neither
Target nor its Subsidiaries have since January 1, 2005, nor are they are currently, transacting
business with any Person identified as a Specifically Designated National or Blocked Person by the
Office of Foreign Assets Control of the U.S. Department of Treasury or listed on either the Denied
Person list or Entity List of the Bureau of Industry and Security of the U.S. Department of
Commerce.
3.19 Product Warranties. There are no material claims pending or, to the Knowledge of Target, being threatened against
Target or any of its Subsidiaries with respect to any warranties provided by Target or any of its
Subsidiaries with respect to any Product.
3.20 Transactions with Affiliates. Since the date of Target’s last proxy statement filed with the SEC, no event has occurred that
would be required to be reported by Target pursuant to Item 404 of Regulation S-K promulgated by
the SEC.
3.21 State Anti-Takeover Statutes. The board of directors of Target has taken or will take all action necessary to render Section
203 of the DGCL, and any other similar applicable state anti-takeover law or regulation,
inapplicable to this Agreement, the transaction support agreements and the transactions
contemplated hereby and thereby.
ARTICLE IV
Parent’s and Acquisition Sub’s Representations and Warranties
Parent’s and Acquisition Sub’s Representations and Warranties
Each of Parent and Acquisition Sub jointly and severally represents and warrants to Target
that the statements contained in this ARTICLE IV are correct and complete as of the date of this
Agreement and will be correct and complete as of the Effective Time (as though made then and as
though the Effective Time were substituted for the date of this Agreement throughout this ARTICLE
IV), except as set forth in the Disclosure Schedule. The Disclosure Schedule will be arranged in
paragraphs corresponding to the numbered and lettered paragraphs contained in this ARTICLE IV.
4.1 Due Organization and Good Standing. Each of Parent and Acquisition Sub is duly organized, validly existing and in good standing
(with respect to jurisdictions that recognize the concept of good standing) under the Laws of the
jurisdiction in which it is organized, and has all the corporate power and authority required to
carry on its business as it is now being conducted and to own and use the properties owned and used
by it. Parent owns all of the outstanding capital stock of Acquisition Sub free and clear of all
Liens, other than Permitted Liens.
4.2 Authority; Binding Nature of Agreement. Each of Parent and Acquisition Sub has all the power and authority required to execute and
deliver this Agreement, to perform its obligations under this Agreement and to consummate the
Merger. The board of directors of Parent and the board of directors of Acquisition Sub have
authorized and approved the execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement by Parent and
Acquisition Sub, as applicable. This Agreement has been duly executed and delivered by Parent and
Acquisition
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Sub and constitutes the legal, valid and binding obligation of Parent and Acquisition Sub,
enforceable against Parent and Acquisition Sub in accordance with its terms.
4.3 Non-Contravention; Consents. Neither the execution and delivery of this Agreement by Parent or Acquisition Sub, nor the
consummation of the transactions contemplated hereunder by Parent or Acquisition Sub, does or will
(a) violate or conflict with any of the provisions of the Organizational Documents of Parent or
Acquisition Sub, (b) violate any Law to which Parent or Acquisition Sub is subject or (c) (i)
materially conflict with, (ii) result in a material breach or default (or cause an event that with
or without giving of notice or lapse of time or both would become a material breach or default)
under, (iii) result in the termination of, (iv) accelerate the performance required by or (v)
result in a right of termination or acceleration under any Contract to which Parent or Acquisition
Sub is a party or by which it is bound or to which any of its assets is subject (or result in the
imposition of any Lien on any of its material assets). Except as may be required by the Securities
Exchange Act or the DGCL, neither Parent nor Acquisition Sub is required to give any notice to,
make any filing with or obtain any authorization, consent or approval from any Person in order for
the Parties to consummate the transactions contemplated by this Agreement.
4.4 Brokers. Neither Parent nor Acquisition Sub has any liability or obligation to pay any brokerage,
finder’s or other similar fee or commission to any broker, finder, agent or investment banker with
respect to the transactions contemplated by this Agreement.
4.5 Definitive Proxy Materials. None of the information that Parent or Acquisition Sub will supply specifically for use in the
Definitive Proxy Materials will contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state
any material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements
therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading.
4.6 Not an Interested Stockholder. Neither Parent nor Acquisition Sub is nor at any time during the past three years has been an
“interested stockholder” (as such term is defined in Section 203 of the DGCL) of Target or any of
its Subsidiaries (other than as contemplated by this Agreement).
4.7 Funds. Parent has, or at the Effective Time will have, available cash resources in an amount sufficient
to enable Acquisition Sub to furnish the Paying Agent with the Merger Consideration pursuant to
Section 2.6.
4.8 No Other Representations or Warranties. Parent and Acquisition Sub acknowledge that: (a) except for the representations and warranties
of Target set forth in ARTICLE III, Parent and Acquisition Sub are not relying and have not relied
on any representations or warranties whatsoever regarding the subject matter of this Agreement,
express or implied; (b) the representations and warranties of Target set forth in ARTICLE III
constitute the sole and exclusive representations and warranties to Parent and Acquisition Sub in
connection with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement; and (c) no other representation or
warranty, of any kind or nature, express or implied, has been made by Target, or by any current or
former officer, director, employee, shareholder, affiliate or advisor of Target;
32
provided, however, that, notwithstanding the foregoing, nothing in this Section 4.8 shall relieve
any Person of liability for fraud or intentional misrepresentation.
ARTICLE V
Covenants
Covenants
The Parties agree as follows with respect to the period from and after the execution of this
Agreement:
5.1 General. Each of the Parties will use its reasonable best efforts to take all actions and to do all
things reasonably necessary, proper or advisable in order to consummate and make effective the
transactions contemplated by this Agreement (including satisfaction, but not waiver, of the Closing
conditions set forth in ARTICLE VI).
5.2 Notices and Consents. Target will give any required notices (and will cause each of its Subsidiaries to give any
notices) to third parties, and will use its reasonable best efforts to obtain (and will cause each
of its Subsidiaries to use its reasonable best efforts to obtain) any third-party consents set
forth in Section 3.4 of the Disclosure Schedule.
5.3 Press Releases. No later than the first Business Day following execution of this Agreement, Parent and Target
shall issue a joint press release announcing this Agreement and the contemplated merger, which
press release shall be reasonably acceptable to both Parent and Target. Except as set forth above,
no Party shall issue any press release or make any public announcement relating to the subject
matter of this Agreement without the prior written approval of the other Parties; provided,
however, that any Party may make any public disclosure it believes in good faith is required by
applicable Law or any listing or trading agreement concerning its publicly traded securities (in
which case the disclosing Party will use its reasonable best efforts to advise the other Party with
reasonable advance notice prior to making the disclosure).
5.4 Regulatory Matters and Stockholder Approval. Each of the Parties
will (and Target will cause each of its Subsidiaries to) give any notices
to, make any filings with, and use its reasonable best efforts to obtain any authorizations,
consents and approvals of any Governmental Entity in connection with the matters referred to in
Section 3.4 and Section 4.3. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing:
(a) Proxy Materials Under Securities Exchange Act. As soon as reasonably practicable
following the date of this Agreement (but in no event later than 15 days after the date of this
Agreement), Target will prepare and file with the SEC preliminary proxy materials under the
Securities Exchange Act relating to the Special Meeting. Target will use its reasonable best
efforts to respond to the comments of the SEC thereon and will make any further filings (including
amendments and supplements) in connection therewith that may be necessary, proper, or advisable.
Target will not file the preliminary proxy statement with the SEC, or any further filings with
respect thereto, without first providing Parent a reasonable opportunity to review and comment on
them (which comments shall be reasonably considered by Target). Target shall, as soon as
reasonably practicable, notify Parent of the receipt of any comments from the SEC with respect to
the preliminary proxy statement and provide Parent with copies of any written
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correspondence between Target and the SEC with respect to the preliminary proxy statement.
Parent will provide Target with whatever information and assistance in connection with the
foregoing filings that Target may reasonably request.
(b) Special Meeting of Stockholders. Target will call a special meeting of its
stockholders (the “Special Meeting”) to be held as soon as practicable (but in no event
later than August 14, 2009, assuming that the SEC provides no comments on the preliminary proxy
statement, or August 28, 2009 if the SEC provides comments on the preliminary proxy statement) in
order that the stockholders of Target may consider and vote upon the adoption of this Agreement and
the approval of the Merger in accordance with the DGCL. Target will mail the Definitive Proxy
Materials to its stockholders as soon as practicable. The Definitive Proxy Materials will contain
the affirmative recommendation of the board of directors of Target in favor of the adoption of this
Agreement and the approval of the Merger; provided, however, that no director or officer of Target
shall be required to violate any fiduciary duty or other requirement imposed by Law in connection
therewith.
5.5 Operation of Business.
(a) Affirmative Covenants. Target shall, and shall cause each of its Subsidiaries to,
(i) carry on its business in the Ordinary Course of Business in compliance in all respects with all
applicable Laws, (ii) take all actions and do all things necessary, proper or advisable in order to
pay all its obligations (including debts and Taxes) when due and payable, (iii) promptly notify
Parent of its receipt of any notice of default or breach with respect to any Target Material
Contract, including the Senior Notes, (iv) use its reasonable best efforts, consistent with past
practices and policies, to (A) preserve intact its present business organization, (B) keep
available the services of its present officers and key employees, (C) preserve its assets and
properties and (D) preserve its relationships with customers, suppliers, distributors, licensors,
licensees and others with which it has significant business dealings and (v) take all actions
necessary, proper or advisable to ensure the representations or warranties of Target in ARTICLE III
are true and correct at all times from the date hereof through the Effective Time.
(b) Negative Covenants. Target shall not, and shall not permit any of its
Subsidiaries to, engage in any practice, take any action or enter into any transaction, in each
case, outside the Ordinary Course of Business. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing,
except as otherwise contemplated by this Agreement or set forth in Schedule 5.5(b) attached hereto,
Target shall not, and shall not permit any of its Subsidiaries to (without the prior written
consent of Parent):
(i) authorize or effect any change in its Organizational Documents,
(ii) grant any options, warrants or other rights to purchase or obtain any of its stock or
issue, sell or otherwise dispose of any of its capital stock (except upon the conversion or
exercise of Target Options, Target Warrants, Target Series B Convertible Preferred Stock, Senior
Notes and other rights outstanding on the date hereof and in accordance with their respective terms
in effect on the date hereof),
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(iii) except with respect to dividends due and payable pursuant to the terms of the Target
Series B Convertible Preferred Stock, declare, set aside or pay any dividend or distribution with
respect to its capital stock (whether in cash or in kind), or redeem, repurchase or otherwise
acquire any of its capital stock (except upon the conversion or exercise of Target Options, Target
Warrants, Target Series B Convertible Preferred Stock, Senior Notes and other rights outstanding on
the date hereof and in accordance with their respective terms in effect on the date hereof),
(iv) issue any note, bond or other debt security or create, incur, assume or guarantee any
indebtedness for borrowed money or capitalized lease obligation outside the Ordinary Course of
Business,
(v) impose any Lien, other than any Permitted Lien, upon any of its assets outside the
Ordinary Course of Business,
(vi) make any capital investment in, make any loan to or acquire the securities or assets of
any other Person, if doing so would be outside the Ordinary Course of Business or would involve
amounts in excess of $100,000,
(vii) enter into, adopt or amend (including acceleration or vesting of) any bonus, profit
sharing, compensation, severance, termination, change of control, option, restricted stock, stock
appreciation right, phantom stock, performance units, stock equivalent, share purchase agreement,
pension, retirement, deferred compensation, employment, severance or other employee benefit
agreement trust, plan, fund, policy or other arrangement of Target or any of its Subsidiaries
related to the compensation, benefit or welfare of any current or former director, independent
contractor, officer or employee in any manner, or increase in any manner the compensation or fringe
benefits of any current or former director, independent contractor, officer or employee of Target
or any of its Subsidiaries or pay any bonus, remuneration, or benefit to any current or former
director, independent contractor, officer or employee not required by any plan or arrangement as in
effect as of the date of this Agreement,
(viii) sell, transfer, lease or license to any third party any material assets of Target or
any of its Subsidiaries,
(ix) enter into any Contract outside the Ordinary Course of Business, enter into, amend or
terminate any Target Material Contracts or waive, release or assign any material rights or claims
under any Target Material Contracts,
(x) change any of its methods of accounting or accounting practices in any material respect
other than changes required under GAAP or applicable Law,
(xi) revalue any of its assets (whether tangible or intangible), including writing off notes
or accounts receivable, settle, discount or compromise any accounts receivable, or reverse any
reserves other than in the Ordinary Course of Business,
(xii) make or change any material Tax election, file any material Tax Return or any amended
Tax Return unless a copy of such amended Tax Return has been delivered to Parent for review and
comment a reasonable time prior to filing, settle or
35
compromise any material Tax claim or assessment or adopt or change any Tax accounting method,
(xiii) make any capital expenditure that is not contemplated by the capital expenditure budget
set forth in Schedule 5.5(b)(xiii) attached hereto,
(xiv) settle or compromise any pending or threatened Legal Proceeding, or initiate any Legal
Proceeding,
(xv) propose or adopt a plan of complete or partial liquidation, dissolution, merger,
consolidation, restructuring, recapitalization or other reorganization of Target or any of its
Subsidiaries,
(xvi) take any action that would result in any of the representations or warranties of Target
in ARTICLE III becoming untrue or incorrect at any time from the date hereof through the Effective
Time or that would result in any of the conditions to the Closing set forth in ARTICLE VI to not be
satisfied or
(xvii) commit to any of the foregoing.
5.6 Access. Target will (and will cause each of its Subsidiaries to) permit representatives of Parent
(including legal counsel, accountants and other agents) to have reasonable access to all premises,
properties, personnel, books, records (including Tax records), contracts and documents of or
pertaining to Target and each of its Subsidiaries.
5.7 Notice of Developments. Each Party will give prompt written notice
to the others of any material adverse development
causing a breach of any of its own representations and warranties in ARTICLE III and ARTICLE IV.
No disclosure by any Party pursuant to this Section, however, shall be deemed to amend or
supplement the Disclosure Schedule or to prevent or cure any misrepresentation, breach of warranty
or breach of covenant.
5.8 Exclusivity; Acquisition Proposals.
(a) Target shall (i) immediately cease and cause to be terminated any solicitation,
encouragement, discussions or negotiations with any Person with respect to an Acquisition Proposal
and (ii) not modify, waive, amend or release any standstill, confidentiality or similar agreements.
(b) Except as expressly permitted by Section 5.8(c), Target shall not (i) solicit, initiate,
facilitate or encourage (including by way of furnishing non-public information or providing access
to its properties, books, records or personnel) any inquiries regarding an Acquisition Proposal, or
the making of any Acquisition Proposal or any offer constituting, or that could reasonably be
expected to lead to, an Acquisition Proposal or (ii) have any discussions or participate in any
negotiations regarding an Acquisition Proposal, or execute or enter into any agreement,
understanding or arrangement with respect to an Acquisition Proposal.
(c) Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Agreement, if, prior to obtaining the
Requisite Stockholder Approval and following the receipt by Target of a bona fide
36
written Acquisition Proposal from any Person (which Acquisition Proposal may not contain any
condition or requirement that prevents or hinders Target from fully complying with its notification
obligations in this Section 5.8(c)), Target’s board of directors determines in good faith, after
consultation with its financial advisors and its outside legal counsel, that (i) such Acquisition
Proposal constitutes or would reasonably be expected to lead to a Superior Proposal and (ii) the
failure to take the actions set forth in clauses (A) and (B) of this Section 5.8(c) with respect to
such Acquisition Proposal would be inconsistent with its fiduciary duties, then Target may in
response to such Acquisition Proposal (A) furnish information with respect to Target to the Person
who has made such Acquisition Proposal pursuant to a confidentiality agreement (provided that all
such information has previously been provided to Parent or is provided to Parent substantially
concurrently with the time it is provided to such Person) and (B) participate in discussions and
negotiations regarding such Acquisition Proposal. Target shall, in each case within three Business
Days after receipt thereof, advise Parent orally and in writing of the receipt of any Acquisition
Proposal or any inquiry with respect to, or that could reasonably be expected to lead to, any
Acquisition Proposal, specifying the material terms and conditions thereof and the identity of the
party making such Acquisition Proposal or inquiry, and Target shall provide to Parent (within such
timeframe), a copy of all written materials provided to Target in connection with any such
Acquisition Proposal or inquiry.
5.9 Director and Officer Insurance and Indemnification.
(a) For a period of 60 months after the Effective Time, Surviving Corporation will provide, at
its sole expense, each individual who served as a director or officer of Target at any time prior
to the Effective Time (collectively, the “Covered D&O’s”) with liability insurance no less
favorable in coverage and amount than the applicable insurance in effect immediately prior to the
Effective Time; provided, however, in the event that the cost of liability insurance for such
coverage exceeds 150% of the annual cost of such insurance in effect immediately before the
Effective Time, the Surviving Corporation may reduce the coverage and amount of liability insurance
only to the extent necessary so that the annual cost of liability insurance does not exceed 150% of
the annual cost of the insurance in effect immediately before the Effective Time. For the
avoidance of doubt, except as provided in the immediately preceding sentence of this Section
5.9(a), the Surviving Corporation shall not be permitted to reduce or limit the coverage or policy
limits of such insurance.
(b) For a period of 60 months after the Effective Time, Surviving Corporation shall fulfill
and honor in all respects the obligations of Target and its Subsidiaries pursuant to any
indemnification provision and any exculpation provision for directors and officers set forth in the
Organizational Documents of Target or any of its Subsidiaries as in effect on the date of this
Agreement. During such period, the Organizational Documents of Surviving Corporation shall contain
the provisions with respect to indemnification and exculpation from liability for directors and
officers set forth in Target’s Organizational Documents on the date of this Agreement, and such
provisions shall not be amended, repealed or otherwise modified in any manner (including any
amendment accomplished through merger, recapitalization, consolidation or reorganization) that
could adversely affect the rights of any indemnified party thereunder; provided, however, that such
indemnification shall be subject to any limitation imposed from time to time under applicable Law.
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(c) If at any time Surviving Corporation is unable for any reason to fulfill its obligations
set forth in this Section 5.9, Parent hereby unconditionally guarantees to fulfill the obligations
of Surviving Corporation set forth in this Section 5.9.
5.10 Delisting. Each of the Parties shall cooperate with each other to take, or cause to be taken, all actions
necessary, proper or advisable to delist the Target Common Stock from The NASDAQ Capital Market and
to terminate registration under the Securities Exchange Act; provided, that such delisting and
termination shall not be effective until after the Effective Time.
5.11 Tax Reserves. Target will establish, in the Ordinary Course of Business, appropriate reserves for the payment
of Taxes due and payable by Target and its Subsidiaries for the period from January 31, 2009
through the Effective Time.
5.12 Continuing Employees. The Surviving Corporation expects to offer employment in comparable positions to all of the
employees of Target (the “Continuing Employees”).
5.13 Service Credit. The Surviving Corporation agrees to recognize service completed by the Continuing Employees
while employed by Target or any Subsidiary of Target for purposes of (a) continuing eligibility for
participation and vesting in the Surviving Corporation’s benefit plans, if applicable, and (b)
calculating any severance or vacation accrual benefits, if any, provided by the Surviving
Corporation to Continuing Employees after the Effective Time. The Surviving Corporation, under the
Surviving Corporation’s benefit plans in which the Continuing Employees participate, agrees to
credit the Continuing Employees with deductibles and co-payments under Target’s or any Subsidiary
of Target’s welfare plans for the calendar year in which the Effective Time occurs. The Surviving
Corporation’s benefit plans will not impose any pre-existing condition exclusions on Continuing
Employees.
ARTICLE VI
Conditions to Obligations to Close
Conditions to Obligations to Close
6.1 Conditions to Parent’s and Acquisition Sub’s Obligation. The obligation
of each of Parent and Acquisition Sub to consummate the transactions to be
performed by it in connection with the Closing is subject to satisfaction of the following
conditions, which may be waived by Parent and Acquisition Sub in writing:
(a) (i) this Agreement and the Merger shall have received the Requisite Stockholder Approval
and (ii) the number of Dissenting Shares in the form of Target Common Stock shall not exceed 15% of
the total number of outstanding Target Common Stock as of the record date for the Special Meeting,
(b) Target and its Subsidiaries shall have procured all of the third-party consents set forth
in Section 3.4 of the Disclosure Schedule,
(c) at least 70% of the Target PIPE Warrants (measured by reference to the number of Target
PIPE Warrants outstanding on the date of this Agreement) shall have been cancelled or Target shall
have obtained from the holders of the Target PIPE Warrants enforceable agreements to cancel at
least 70% of such warrants effective as of the Effective Time
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(measured by reference to the number of Target PIPE Warrants outstanding on the date of this
Agreement),
(d) the representations and warranties in ARTICLE III shall have been true and correct in all
respects as of the date of this Agreement,
(e) the representations and warranties in Sections 3.1 (Due Organization; Good Standing;
Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws), 3.2 (Capitalization), 3.3 (Authority; Binding Nature of
Agreement), 3.6(a) (Absence of Certain Changes), 3.8 (Brokers; Schedule of Fees and Expenses) and
3.21 (State Anti-Takeover Statutes) (collectively, the “Specified Representations”) shall
be true and correct in all material respects at and as of the Effective Time (as though made then
and as though the Effective Time were substituted for the date of this Agreement throughout such
sections), except to the extent that such representations and warranties are qualified by the term
“material,” or contain terms such as “Material Adverse Change,” in which case such representations
and warranties (as so written, including the term “material” or “Material Adverse Change”) shall be
true and correct in all respects at and as of the Effective Time,
(f) the representations and warranties in ARTICLE III other than the Specified Representations
shall be true and correct in all respects at and as of the Effective Time (as though made then and
as though the Effective Time were substituted for the date of this Agreement throughout such
sections), except for any inaccuracies of representations or warranties, the circumstances giving
rise to which, individually or in the aggregate, do not constitute, and would not reasonably be
expected to result in, a Material Adverse Change (it being understood that, for purposes of
determining the accuracy of such representations and warranties, any “Material Adverse Change”
qualifications and other materiality qualifications contained in such representations and
warranties shall be disregarded),
(g) Target shall have performed and complied with all of its covenants hereunder in all
material respects through the Closing, except to the extent that such covenants are qualified by
the term “material,” or contain terms such as “Material Adverse Change,” in which case Target shall
have performed and complied with all of such covenants (as so written, including the term
“material”) in all respects through the Closing,
(h) (i) no Legal Proceeding shall be pending or threatened wherein an unfavorable injunction,
judgment, order, decree, ruling or charge would (A) prevent consummation of any of the transactions
contemplated by this Agreement, (B) cause any of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement to
be rescinded following consummation, (C) adversely affect the right of Parent to own the capital
stock of Surviving Corporation and to control Surviving Corporation and its Subsidiaries or (D)
adversely affect the right of any of Surviving Corporation, together with its Subsidiaries, to own
its assets and to operate its business, and (ii) no such injunction, judgment, order, decree,
ruling or charge shall be in effect,
(i) Target shall have delivered to Parent and Acquisition Sub a certificate to the effect that
each of the conditions specified in Section 6.1(a) — (h) is satisfied in all respects,
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(j) Target shall have delivered to Parent and Acquisition Sub a certificate stating that
Target is not a “United States real property holding corporation” within the meaning of Section
897(c)(2) of the Code,
(k) Target shall have delivered to Parent and Acquisition Sub a certificate to the effect that
the representations and warranties in Section 3.6(b) shall have been true and correct in all
respects as of the date of this Agreement and shall be true and correct in all respects at and as
of the Effective Time, together with reasonably detailed calculations supporting such
certification,
(l) the Parties shall have received all authorizations, consents and approvals of any
Governmental Entity referred to in Section 3.4 and Section 4.3,
(m) Parent and Acquisition Sub shall have received the resignations, effective as of Closing,
of each director of Target and each director of Target’s Subsidiaries and
(n) (i) the condition set forth in Section 6.1(c) of the Note Purchase Agreement relating to
Parent’s obligations to consummate the transactions contemplated thereby shall have been satisfied
or waived and (ii) there shall be no outstanding material breach by the Noteholders of the Note
Purchase Agreement.
6.2 Conditions to Target’s Obligation. The obligation of Target
to consummate the transactions to be performed by it in connection with
the Closing is subject to satisfaction of the following conditions, which may be waived by Target:
(a) the representations and warranties set forth in ARTICLE IV shall have been true and
correct in all respects as of the date of this Agreement and shall be true and correct in all
respects at and as of the Effective Time,
(b) each of Parent and Acquisition Sub shall have performed and complied with all of its
covenants hereunder in all material respects through the Closing, except to the extent that such
covenants are qualified by the term “material,” or contain terms such as “Material Adverse Change,”
in which case Parent and Acquisition Sub shall have performed and complied with all of such
covenants (as so written, including the term “material”) in all respects through the Closing,
(c) (i) no Legal Proceeding shall be pending or threatened wherein an unfavorable injunction,
judgment, order, decree, ruling or charge would (A) prevent consummation of any of the transactions
contemplated by this Agreement or (B) cause any of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement
to be rescinded following consummation and (ii) no such injunction, judgment, order, decree, ruling
or charge shall be in effect,
(d) each of Parent and Acquisition Sub shall have delivered to Target a certificate to the
effect that each of the conditions specified above in 6.2(a) — (c) is satisfied in all respects,
(e) this Agreement and the Merger shall have received the Requisite Stockholder Approval and
40
(f) the Parties shall have received all authorizations, consents and approvals of any
Governmental Entity referred to in Section 3.4 and Section 4.3.
ARTICLE VII
Termination
Termination
7.1 Termination of Agreement. Any of the Parties may terminate this Agreement with the prior authorization of its board of
directors (whether before or after stockholder approval) as provided below:
(a) the Parties may terminate this Agreement by mutual written consent at any time prior to
the Effective Time,
(b) Parent may terminate this Agreement by giving written notice to Target at any time prior
to the Effective Time if (i) (A) there has been a breach by Target of any representation, warranty
or covenant contained in this Agreement that would, individually or in the aggregate, result in a
failure of a condition set forth in Section 6.1 if continuing at the Effective Time, (B) Parent or
Acquisition Sub has notified Target in writing of the breach and (C) the breach has continued
without cure for a period of 30 days after the written notice of breach, (ii) the Closing shall not
have occurred on or before the day that is 150 days after the date hereof, by reason of the failure
of any condition precedent under Section 6.1 hereof (unless the failure results primarily from
Parent or Acquisition Sub breaching any representation, warranty or covenant contained in this
Agreement) or (iii) if the Note Purchase Agreement is terminated by any party thereto pursuant to
the provisions thereof (except Section 8.1(b)(iii) of the Note Purchase Agreement),
(c) Target may terminate this Agreement by giving written notice to Parent at any time prior
to the Effective Time if (i) Parent or Acquisition Sub has breached any representation, warranty or
covenant contained in this Agreement in any material respect, Target has notified Parent and
Acquisition Sub in writing of the breach and the breach has continued without cure for a period of
30 days after the written notice of breach or (ii) the Closing shall not have occurred on or before
the day that is 150 days after the date hereof, by reason of the failure of any condition precedent
under Section 6.2 hereof (unless the failure results primarily from Target breaching any
representation, warranty, or covenant contained in this Agreement),
(d) either Parent or Target may terminate this Agreement by giving written notice to the other
Parties at any time after the Special Meeting (or any adjournment, continuation or postponement
thereof) in the event this Agreement and the Merger fail to receive the Requisite Stockholder
Approval,
(e) Parent may terminate this Agreement if Target’s board of directors shall have (i) (A)
withdrawn or modified, or proposed publicly to withdraw or modify, in a manner adverse to Parent,
the approval or recommendation by Target’s board of directors of the Merger, (B) approved or
recommended, or proposed publicly to approve or recommend, any Acquisition Proposal, (C) approved
or recommended, or allowed Target to enter into, any letter of intent, acquisition agreement or any
similar agreement or understanding (I) constituting or related to, or that is intended to or could
reasonably be expected to lead to, any Acquisition Proposal or (II)
41
requiring Target to abandon, terminate or fail to consummate the Merger or (D) effected any
transaction contemplated by any Acquisition Proposal, (ii) taken a position contemplated by Rule
14e-2(a) of the Securities Exchange Act with respect to any Acquisition Proposal other than
recommending rejection of such Acquisition Proposal or (iii) failed to include in the Definitive
Proxy Materials distributed to stockholders its recommendation that stockholders adopt and approve
this Agreement and the Merger or
(f) Target may terminate this Agreement prior to obtaining the Requisite Stockholder Approval
in order to enter into an agreement relating to a Superior Proposal, but only if: (i) such Superior
Proposal did not result, directly or indirectly, from a breach by Target of Section 5.8 and (ii)
(A) Target’s board of directors shall have first provided prior written notice to Parent that it is
prepared to terminate this Agreement to enter into an agreement with respect to a Superior
Proposal, which notice shall attach the most current version of any written agreement relating to
the transaction constituting such Superior Proposal, the identity of the Person making such
Superior Proposal and any other material terms and conditions thereof, and shall cause Target to
negotiate in good faith with Parent so that Parent may propose an amendment to this Agreement for
the purpose of causing the Acquisition Proposal to no longer constitute a Superior Proposal, and
(B) Parent does not make, within five Business Days after the receipt of such notice, a binding,
written and complete proposal that Target’s board of directors determines in good faith, after
consultation with its legal and financial advisors, that causes the Acquisition Proposal that had
constituted a Superior Proposal to no longer constitute a Superior Proposal.
7.2 Effect of Termination. If any Party terminates this Agreement pursuant to Section 7.1, all rights and obligations of
the Parties hereunder shall terminate without any liability of any Party to any other Party (except
for any liability of any Party then in breach); provided, however, that the provisions of Section
7.3 shall survive any termination.
7.3 Fees and Expenses; Termination Fees.
(a) Fees and Expenses—General. Except as otherwise set forth in this Section 7.3,
all expenses (including legal fees and expenses) incurred in connection with this Agreement shall
be paid by the party incurring such expenses, whether or not the Merger is consummated.
(b) Target Termination Fee. Target agrees that if this Agreement is terminated:
(i) by Parent or Target pursuant to Section 7.1(d) or by Parent pursuant to Section
7.1(b)(ii), and at or before the date of termination a Person or group (as defined in Section 13(d)
of the Securities Exchange Act) shall have made an Acquisition Proposal to Target or the
stockholders of Target or an Acquisition Proposal shall have otherwise become publicly announced,
then (A) if, within 12 months after the date of termination, Target enters into an agreement with
respect to any such Acquisition Proposal, Target will pay to Parent, on the date that a definitive
agreement in respect of such Acquisition Proposal is executed, the Target Expense Reimbursement
Amount in immediately available funds, as directed by Parent in writing, and (B) if, within 12
months after the date of termination, any such Acquisition Proposal is consummated, Target will pay
to Parent, on the date of the
42
consummation of the transaction in respect of such Acquisition Proposal, the Target
Termination Fee in immediately available funds, as directed by Parent in writing; provided,
however, that for the purpose of this subsection, all references to “15%” in the definition of
Acquisition Proposal shall be changed to “50%”,
(ii) by Parent pursuant to Section 7.1(e) or by Target pursuant to Section 7.1(f), then Target
shall pay to Parent, on the date of such termination, the Target Termination Fee and the Target
Expense Reimbursement Amount in immediately available funds, as directed by Parent in writing or
(iii) by Parent pursuant to Section 7.1(b)(i), then Target shall pay to Parent, on the date of
such termination, the Target Termination Fee and the Target Expense Reimbursement Amount in
immediately available funds, as directed by Parent in writing.
(c) Target and Parent acknowledge that the agreements contained in this Section 7.3 are an
integral part of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement. If Target shall fail to pay the
Target Termination Fee or the Target Expense Reimbursement Amount when due, Target shall reimburse
Parent for all reasonable costs and expenses actually incurred or accrued by or on behalf of Parent
(including reasonable fees and expenses of counsel) in connection with the collection under and the
enforcement of this Section 7.3, together with interest from the date of termination on all amounts
so owed at the Prime Rate plus 5% per annum. The Parties hereto agree and understand that in no
event shall Target be required to pay the Target Termination Fee on more than one occasion and in
no event shall Target be required to pay the Target Expense Reimbursement Amount on more than one
occasion.
ARTICLE VIII
Miscellaneous
Miscellaneous
8.1 Survival. None of the representations, warranties or covenants of the Parties (other than the provisions
in ARTICLE II concerning payment of the Merger Consideration and the provisions in Section 5.9
concerning insurance and indemnification) will survive the Effective Time.
8.2 No Third-Party Beneficiaries. This Agreement shall not confer any rights or remedies upon any Person (including any employee
of Target, Surviving Corporation or any Subsidiary of Target or Surviving Corporation with respect
to Sections 5.12 and 5.13 of this Agreement or any other provision of this Agreement) other than
the Parties and their respective successors and permitted assigns; provided, however, that (a) the
provisions in ARTICLE II concerning payment of the Merger Consideration are intended for the
benefit of Target Stockholders and (b) the provisions in Section 5.9 concerning insurance and
indemnification are intended for the benefit of the individuals specified therein and their
respective legal representatives.
8.3 Entire Agreement. This Agreement constitutes the entire agreement among the Parties with respect to the subject
matter hereof and supersedes all prior understandings, agreements or representations by or among
the Parties, or any of them, written or oral, to the extent they relate in any way to the subject
matter hereof.
43
8.4 Succession and Assignment. This Agreement shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the Parties named herein and
their respective successors and permitted assigns. No Party may assign either this Agreement or
any of its rights, interests or obligations hereunder without the prior written approval of the
other Parties, except that Parent and Acquisition Sub may, before the Requisite Stockholder
Approval, assign all or any part of their respective rights and obligations hereunder (provided
that any assignment by Parent shall not relieve it of its obligations under Section 5.9(c)) to (a)
any direct or indirect wholly owned Subsidiary of Parent or (b) to a lender as collateral, in each
case after providing written notice thereof to Target before such assignment.
8.5 Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in one or more counterparts, (including by means of facsimile or
other electronic transmission), each of which shall be deemed an original but all of which together
will constitute one and the same instrument.
8.6 Notices. All notices, requests, demands, claims and other communications under this Agreement shall be in
writing. A notice, request, demand, claim or other communication under this Agreement shall be
deemed duly given (a) when delivered personally to the recipient, (b) one Business Day after being
sent to the recipient by reputable overnight courier service (charges prepaid), (c) one Business
Day after being sent to the recipient by facsimile transmission or electronic mail or (d) four
Business Days after being mailed to the recipient by certified or registered mail, return receipt
requested and postage prepaid, and addressed to the intended recipient as set forth below:
If to Parent or Acquisition Sub:
TOLMAR, Inc.
000 Xxxxxx Xxxxxx
Xxxx Xxxxxxx, XX 00000
Attn: Xxxxxxx Xxxxxx
Fax: (000) 000-0000
000 Xxxxxx Xxxxxx
Xxxx Xxxxxxx, XX 00000
Attn: Xxxxxxx Xxxxxx
Fax: (000) 000-0000
with a copy (which shall not constitute valid delivery to Parent or Acquisition Sub) to:
Holme Xxxxxxx & Xxxx LLP
0000 Xxxxxxx Xxxxxx, Xxxxx 0000
Xxxxxx, XX 00000
Attn: Xxxx X. Xxxxxxxx, Esq.
Fax: (000) 000-0000
0000 Xxxxxxx Xxxxxx, Xxxxx 0000
Xxxxxx, XX 00000
Attn: Xxxx X. Xxxxxxxx, Esq.
Fax: (000) 000-0000
If to Target:
Zila, Inc.
00000 Xxxxx Xxxxxxxxxx Xxxx, Xxxxx 000
Xxxxxxxxxx, Xxxxxxx 00000
Attn: Xxxx Xxxxxxxxxxx
Fax: (000) 000-0000
00000 Xxxxx Xxxxxxxxxx Xxxx, Xxxxx 000
Xxxxxxxxxx, Xxxxxxx 00000
Attn: Xxxx Xxxxxxxxxxx
Fax: (000) 000-0000
44
with a copy (which shall not constitute valid delivery to Target) to:
Xxxxx & Xxxxxx L.L.P.
One Arizona Center
000 X. Xxx Xxxxx
Xxxxxxx, Xxxxxxx 00000-0000
Fax: (000) 000-0000
Attn: Xxxxxxx X. Xxxxxxx, Esq.
One Arizona Center
000 X. Xxx Xxxxx
Xxxxxxx, Xxxxxxx 00000-0000
Fax: (000) 000-0000
Attn: Xxxxxxx X. Xxxxxxx, Esq.
A Party may change the address to which notices, requests, demands, claims and other communications
under this Agreement are to be delivered by giving the other Parties notice in the manner herein
set forth.
8.7 Governing Law; Venue; Waiver of Jury Trial.
(a) This Agreement shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the domestic laws of
the State of Delaware without giving effect to a choice or conflict of law provision or rule
(whether of the State of Delaware or another jurisdiction) that would cause the application of the
laws of a jurisdiction other than the State of Delaware.
(b) Each of the Parties (i) consents to submit itself to the personal jurisdiction of the
Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware or, if under applicable Law exclusive jurisdiction over
such matter is vested in the federal courts, any court of the United States located in the State of
Delaware, in the event any dispute arises out of this Agreement or any of the transactions
contemplated by this Agreement, (ii) agrees that it will not attempt to deny or defeat such
personal jurisdiction by motion or other request for leave from any such court, (iii) agrees that
it will not bring any action relating to this Agreement or any of the transactions contemplated by
this Agreement in any court other than the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware or, if under
applicable Law exclusive jurisdiction over such matter is vested in the federal courts, any court
of the United States located in the State of Delaware and (iv) consents to service being made
through the notice procedures set forth in Section 8.6. Each Party hereby agrees that, to the
fullest extent permitted by Law, service of any process, summons, notice or document by U.S.
registered mail to the respective addresses set forth in Section 8.6 shall be effective service of
process for any suit or proceeding in connection with this Agreement or the transactions
contemplated hereby.
(c) EACH OF THE PARTIES HEREBY IRREVOCABLY WAIVES ALL RIGHT TO TRIAL BY JURY IN ANY LEGAL
PROCEEDING (WHETHER BASED ON CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE) ARISING OUT OF OR RELATING TO THIS
AGREEMENT OR THE ACTIONS OF ANY PARTY IN THE NEGOTIATION, ADMINISTRATION, PERFORMANCE AND
ENFORCEMENT THEREOF.
8.8 Amendments and Waivers. The Parties may mutually amend any provision of this Agreement at any time prior to the
Effective Time with the prior authorization of their respective boards of directors; provided,
however, that any amendment effected subsequent to stockholder approval of this Agreement will be
subject to the restrictions contained in the DGCL. No amendment of any provision of this Agreement
shall be valid unless the same shall
45
be in writing and signed by all of the Parties. No waiver by any Party of any provision of this
Agreement or any default, misrepresentation or breach of warranty or covenant hereunder, whether
intentional or not, shall be valid unless the same shall be in writing and signed by the Party
making such waiver nor shall such waiver be deemed to extend to any prior or subsequent default,
misrepresentation or breach of warranty or covenant hereunder or affect in any way any rights
arising by virtue of any prior or subsequent such default, misrepresentation or breach of warranty
or covenant.
8.9 Severability. Any term or provision of this Agreement that is invalid or unenforceable in any situation in any
jurisdiction shall not affect the validity or enforceability of the remaining terms and provisions
hereof or the validity or enforceability of the offending term or provision in any other situation
or in any other jurisdiction.
8.10 Specific Performance. Each of the Parties agree that irreparable damage would occur in the event that any of the
provisions of this Agreement are not performed in accordance with their specific terms or are
otherwise breached and that the Parties shall be entitled to an injunction or injunctions or other
equitable relief to prevent breaches of this Agreement and to enforce specifically the terms and
provisions of this Agreement, this being in addition to any other remedy to which the Parties are
entitled at law or in equity.
[Remainder of Page Intentionally Left Blank]
46
The Parties have executed this Agreement and Plan of Merger as of the date first above
written.
PARENT: | ||||
TOLMAR Holding, Inc., a Delaware corporation |
||||
By: | /s/ Xxxxxxxx Xxxxxxxxx | |||
Name: | Xxxxxxxx Xxxxxxxxx | |||
Title: | Secretary | |||
ACQUISITION SUB: | ||||
Project Z Acquisition Sub, Inc., a Delaware corporation |
||||
By: | /s/ Xxxxxxxx Xxxxxxxxx | |||
Name: | Xxxxxxxx Xxxxxxxxx | |||
Title: | Secretary | |||
TARGET: | ||||
Zila, Inc., a Delaware corporation |
||||
By: | /s/ Xxxxx X. Xxxxxxx | |||
Name: | Xxxxx X. Xxxxxxx | |||
Title: | Chairman & CEO |
[Signature Page to Agreement and Plan of Merger]
EXHIBIT A
CERTIFICATE OF MERGER
CERTIFICATE OF MERGER
CERTIFICATE OF MERGER
MERGING
PROJECT Z ACQUISITION SUB, INC.
A DELAWARE CORPORATION
A DELAWARE CORPORATION
WITH AND INTO
ZILA, INC.
A DELAWARE CORPORATION
A DELAWARE CORPORATION
Pursuant to Title 8, Section 251(c) of the
Delaware General Corporation Law
Delaware General Corporation Law
Zila, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “Company”), does hereby certify as follows:
FIRST: Each of the constituent corporations, the Company and Project Z Acquisition Sub, Inc.,
a Delaware corporation (“Sub”), is a corporation duly organized and existing under the laws
of the State of Delaware.
SECOND: An Agreement and Plan of Merger (the “Merger Agreement”), dated as of June
25, 2009, among the Company, TOLMAR Holding, Inc., a Delaware corporation, and Sub, setting forth
the terms and conditions of the merger of Sub with and into the Company (the “Merger”), has
been approved, adopted, certified, executed and acknowledged by each of the constituent
corporations in accordance with Section 251 of the Delaware General Corporation Law.
THIRD: The name of the surviving corporation in the Merger (the “Surviving
Corporation”) shall be Zila, Inc.
FOURTH: The certificate of incorporation of the Company, as in effect immediately prior to
the Merger, shall be the certificate of incorporation of the Surviving Corporation.
1
FIFTH: An executed copy of the Merger Agreement is on file at the principal place of business
of the Surviving Corporation at the following address:
Zila, Inc.
00000 Xxxxx Xxxxxxxxxx Xxxx, Xxxxx 000
Xxxxxxxxxx, Xxxxxxx 00000
00000 Xxxxx Xxxxxxxxxx Xxxx, Xxxxx 000
Xxxxxxxxxx, Xxxxxxx 00000
SIXTH: A copy of the Merger Agreement will be furnished by the Surviving Corporation, on
request and without cost, to any stockholder of either constituent corporation.
SEVENTH: The Merger shall become effective upon the filing of this Certificate of Merger with
the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware.
[Remainder of page intentionally left blank.]
2
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned corporation has caused this Certificate of Merger to be
signed by an authorized officer as of ___, 2009.
SURVIVING CORPORATION: | ||||
Zila, Inc. |
||||
By: | ||||
Name: | ||||
Title: | ||||
3
EXHIBIT B
FORM OF BYLAWS
FORM OF BYLAWS
SECOND AMENDED AND RESTATED BYLAWS
OF
ZILA, INC.
(as of _______, 2009)
ZILA, INC.
(as of _______, 2009)
ARTICLE IX
Offices
Offices
9.1 Delaware Office. The registered office of Zila, Inc. (the “Corporation”) required by the Delaware General
Corporation Law (the “DGCL”) to be maintained in Delaware shall be as set forth in the
Certificate of Incorporation of the Corporation (as amended, modified and supplemented, the
“Certificate of Incorporation”), unless changed as provided by applicable law.
9.2 Other Offices. The Corporation may also have an office or offices and keep the books and records of the
Corporation, except as otherwise may be required by applicable law, in such other place or places,
either inside or outside the State of Delaware, as the Board of Directors of the Corporation (the
“Board”) may from time to time determine or as may be necessary or convenient to the
business of the Corporation.
ARTICLE X
Meetings of Xxxxxxxxxxxx
Meetings of Xxxxxxxxxxxx
00.0 Xxxxx of Meetings. Each meeting of the stockholders of the Corporation shall be held at such place, either inside
or outside the State of Delaware, as may be designated in the notice of such meeting, or, if no
place is designated in such notice, at the principal office of the Corporation. The Board may, in
its sole discretion, determine that a meeting of stockholders shall not be held at any place, but
may instead be held solely by means of remote communications in accordance with the DGCL.
10.2 Annual Meetings. An annual meeting of the stockholders of the Corporation shall be held on such date, at such
place, if any, and at such time as may be determined by the Board, for the purpose of electing
directors and for the transaction of such other business as may properly come before such meeting.
10.3 Special Meetings. Special meetings of the stockholders of the Corporation, for any purpose or purposes, unless
otherwise prescribed by applicable law or the Certificate of Incorporation, may be called only by
the Board pursuant to a resolution approved by the affirmative vote of a majority of the directors
of the Corporation then in office or by the request of the Chair of the Board, the Chief Executive
Officer or the President. Such resolution or request shall state the purpose or purposes of such
proposed meeting. Business transacted at any special meetings of the stockholders shall be limited
to the purpose or purposes stated in the notice of the special meeting. If a special meeting is
properly requested by other than the Board,
1
the Board shall determine the time and place of such special meeting, which shall be held not less
than 35 days nor more than 120 days after the dated of the receipt of the request.
10.4 Notice of Meetings.
(a) Except as otherwise required herein, by the Certificate of Incorporation or by
applicable law, whenever stockholders are required or permitted to take any action at a
meeting, the Corporation shall give notice of the meeting stating the place, if any, date
and hour of the meeting, the means of remote communications, if any, by which stockholders
and proxy holders may be deemed to be present in person and vote at such meeting. In the
case of a special meeting, the notice shall state the purpose or purposes for which the
meeting is called. Unless otherwise provided by applicable law or the Certificate of
Incorporation, notice of a meeting shall be given to each stockholder entitled to vote at
the meeting not less than 10 nor more than 60 days before the date of the meeting.
(b) Notice to stockholders may be given by writing in paper form or, if the stockholder
has consented thereto, by electronic transmission. Notice in paper form shall be deemed
given to a stockholder, if personally delivered, when delivered to the stockholder, and, if
mailed, when deposited in the United States mail, postage prepaid, addressed to such
stockholder at such stockholder’s address as it appears in the records of the Corporation.
Notice by electronic transmission shall be deemed given to a stockholder when given in
accordance with applicable law. An affidavit of the Secretary or an Assistant Secretary of
the Corporation or of the transfer agent or other agent of the Corporation that a notice has
been given by personal delivery, by mail, or by a form of electronic transmission shall, in
the absence of fraud, be prima facie evidence of the facts stated therein.
(c) Notice of any meeting of the stockholders need not be given to any stockholder if
waived by such stockholder in accordance with these Bylaws.
(d) When a meeting of the stockholders of the Corporation is adjourned to another time
or place, if any, notice need not be given of the adjourned meeting if the date, time and
place, if any, thereof and the means of remote communication, if any, by which stockholders
and proxy holders may be deemed to be present in person and vote at such adjourned meeting,
are announced at the meeting at which the adjournment is taken. At the adjourned meeting,
the Corporation may transact any business which might have been transacted at the original
meeting. If the adjournment is for more than 30 days, or if after the adjournment a new
record date is fixed for the adjourned meeting, notice of the adjourned meeting shall be
given to each stockholder of record of the Corporation entitled to vote at the meeting in
accordance with the foregoing provisions of this Section.
10.5 Quorum. Except as otherwise required by law, by the Certificate of Incorporation or by these Bylaws, at
each meeting of stockholders of the Corporation, the presence, in person or represented by proxy,
of the holders of shares having a majority of the aggregate voting power of the issued and
outstanding capital stock of the Corporation entitled to
2
vote at the meeting shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business at the meeting.
Except as otherwise required by law, by the Certificate of Incorporation or by these Bylaws, where
a separate vote by a class or classes or series is required for a particular matter to be voted
upon at a meeting of the stockholders, the presence, in person or represented by proxy, of the
holders of shares having a majority of the aggregate voting power of the issued and outstanding
shares of the class or classes or series shall constitute a quorum entitled to take action with
respect to the vote on that particular matter. The stockholders present at a duly called or
convened meeting, at which a quorum is present, may continue to transact business until
adjournment, notwithstanding the withdrawal of enough stockholders to leave less than a quorum.
10.6 Adjournments. At any meeting of stockholders or any adjournment thereof, the chairperson of the meeting, the
Chief Executive Officer, the President or holders of shares having a majority of the voting power
of the capital stock present or represented by proxy at the meeting may adjourn the meeting from
time to time. Any business that might have been transacted at the original meeting of the
stockholders may be transacted at the adjourned meeting; provided, that, the Board may, in its sole
discretion, fix a new record date for the adjourned meeting.
10.7 Voting. Except as otherwise provided by law or by the Certificate of Incorporation, at each meeting of
stockholders each holder of shares of capital stock of the Corporation shall be entitled to one
vote for each share of stock having voting power and registered in such holder’s name on the books
of the Corporation on the record date fixed for determination of stockholders entitled to vote at
such meeting. Except as otherwise provided in these Bylaws, the Certificate of Incorporation,
applicable law or any other rule or regulation applicable to the Corporation or its stock, (a)
directors (up to the number of directors to be elected) shall be elected by a plurality in voting
power of the shares present in person or represented by proxy at a meeting of the stockholders and
entitled to vote in the election of directors and (b) all other corporate action to be taken by the
stockholders shall be authorized by a majority in voting power of the shares present in person or
represented by proxy at a meeting of the stockholders (or, where a separate vote by class or series
is required, by a majority in voting power of the shares of such class or series present in person
or represented by proxy at a meeting of the stockholders). At any meeting of stockholders, each
stockholder entitled to vote may vote in person or by proxy authorized in accordance with
applicable law. Unless otherwise provided by the Certificate of Incorporation, voting need not be
by ballot.
10.8 Inspectors. Voting at meetings of stockholders need not be conducted by an inspector unless the Board or
holders of a majority of the outstanding shares of all classes of stock entitled to vote thereon
present in person or represented by proxy at such meeting shall so determine.
10.9 Stock List. A complete list of stockholders entitled to vote at any meeting of stockholders, arranged in
alphabetical order for each class of stock and showing the address of each such stockholder and the
number of shares that are registered in such stockholder’s name, shall be maintained by the
Corporation and open to the examination of any such stockholder, for any purpose germane to the
meeting for at least 10 days prior to the meeting, (i) during ordinary business hours at the
principal place of business of the Corporation or (ii) on a reasonably
3
accessible electronic network, provided that the information required to gain access to such list
is provided with the notice of the meeting. If the meeting is to be held at a place, the stock
list also shall be kept at the place of the meeting during the whole time thereof and shall be open
to the examination of any such stockholder who is present. If the meeting is to be held solely by
means of remote communication, then the list shall also be open to the examination of any
stockholder during the whole time of the meeting on a reasonable accessible network and the
information required to access such list shall be provided with the notice of the meeting. The
stock ledger shall be the only evidence as to who are the stockholders entitled to examine the list
required by this section or to vote in person or by proxy at any meeting of stockholders.
10.10 Organization. Meetings of stockholders shall be presided over by the Chair of the Board, if any, or in his or
her absence by the President, or in his or her absence by a Vice President, or in the absence of
the foregoing persons by a chairperson designated by the Board, or in the absence of such
designation by a chairperson chosen at the meeting. The Secretary shall act as secretary of the
meeting, but in his or her absence the chairperson of the meeting may appoint any person to act as
secretary of the meeting.
10.11 Stockholder Action Without a Meeting.
(a) Except as otherwise provided by law or by the Certificate of Incorporation, any
action required to be taken at any meeting of stockholders of the Corporation, or any action
that may be taken at any annual or special meeting of the stockholders, may be taken without
a meeting, without prior notice, and without a vote, if a consent or consents in writing
setting forth the action so taken shall be signed by the holders of outstanding stock having
not less than the minimum number of votes that would be necessary to authorize or take such
action at a meeting at which all shares entitled to vote thereon were present and voted and
shall be delivered to the Corporation by delivery to its registered office in the State of
Delaware, its principal place of business or an officer or agent of the Corporation having
custody of the book or books in which meetings of stockholders are recorded; provided,
however, that delivery made to the Corporation’s registered office in the State of Delaware
shall be by hand or by certified or registered mail, return receipt requested. Prompt
notice of the taking of the corporate action without a meeting by less than unanimous
written consent shall be given to those stockholders who have not consented in writing and
who, if the action had been taken at a meeting, would have been entitled to notice of the
meeting if the record date for such meeting had been the date that written consents signed
by a sufficient number of the holders to take the action were delivered to the Corporation.
(b) Every written consent shall bear the date of signature of each stockholder who
signs the consent, and no written consent shall be effective to take the corporate action
referred to therein unless, within 60 days of the date the earliest dated consent is
delivered to the Corporation, a written consent or consents signed by a sufficient number of
holders to take action are delivered to the Corporation in the manner prescribed in the
above paragraph.
(c) Any electronic transmission consenting to an action to be taken and transmitted by
a stockholder or proxy holder, or by a person or persons authorized to act
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for a stockholder or proxy holder, shall be deemed to be written, signed, and dated for
the purposes of these Bylaws, provided that any such electronic transmission sets forth or
is delivered with information from which the Corporation can determine (i) that such
electronic transmission was transmitted by the stockholder or proxy holder or by a person or
persons authorized to act for the stockholder or proxy holder and (ii) the date on which
such stockholder or proxy holder or authorized person or persons transmitted such electronic
transmission, except that delivery made to the Corporation’s registered office shall be made
by hand or by certified or registered mail, return receipt requested. Any consent by means
of electronic transmission shall be deemed to have been signed on the date on which such
electronic transmission was transmitted. No consent given by electronic transmission shall
be deemed to have been delivered until receipt by the Corporation at its principal place of
business or by an officer or agent of the Corporation having custody of the book or books in
which proceedings of meetings of stockholders are recorded. Notwithstanding the foregoing
limitations on delivery, consents given by electronic transmission may be otherwise
delivered to the principal place of business of the Corporation or to an officer or agent of
the Corporation having custody of the book or books in which proceedings of meetings of
stockholders are recorded if, to the extent, and in the manner provided by resolution of the
Board.
(d) Any copy, facsimile, or other reliable reproduction of a consent in writing (or
reproduction in paper form of a consent by other electronic transmission) may be substituted
or used in lieu of the original writing (or original reproduction in paper form of a consent
by electronic transmission) for any and all purposes for which the original consent could be
used, provided that such copy, facsimile, or other reproduction shall be a complete
reproduction of the entire original writing (or original reproduction in paper form of other
electronic transmission).
ARTICLE XI
Directors
Directors
11.1 Powers. The Board shall have and may exercise all powers of the Corporation, except as are by applicable
law, by the Certificate of Incorporation or by these Bylaws conferred upon or reserved to the
holders of any class or classes or series thereof of capital stock of the Corporation.
11.2 Number. The number of directors constituting the entire Board shall be fixed exclusively by the Board of
Directors from time to time.
11.3 Qualifications. Directors shall be natural persons that are at least 18 years of age. Directors are not
required to be stockholders.
11.4 Place of Meetings. Meetings of the Board shall be held at the Corporation’s office in the State of Delaware or at
such other places, inside or outside such State, as the Board may from time to time determine or as
shall be specified or fixed in the notice or waiver of notice of any such meeting.
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11.5 Regular Meetings. Regular meetings of the Board shall be held from time to time as shall be determined by the
Board, such determination to constitute the only notice of regular meetings to which any director
shall be entitled. In the absence of such a determination, such meetings shall be held upon notice
in accordance with Section 3.7.
11.6 Special Meetings. Special meetings of the Board may be called by a majority of the directors then in office or by
the Chair of the Board, if any, or in lieu thereof, the President, upon notice in accordance with
Section 3.7.
11.7 Notice of Meetings. Notice of any regular (if required) and each special meeting of the Board stating the time,
place and purposes thereof, may be given verbally in person, verbally by telephone (including by
leaving verbal notice on a message or recording device) or in writing personally, by mail, by
facsimile transmission, by electronic mail or by other form of electronic transmission pursuant to
which the director has consented or agreed to receive notice. Notice shall be provided (a) if
mailed, not less than three calendar days prior to the meeting, addressed to such director at his
or her residence or usual place of business, or (b) if verbally, by courier, by facsimile or other
electronic transmission or other similar method, at least 24 hours before the meeting.
11.8 Waiver of Notice. Notice of any meeting of the Board, or any committee thereof, need not be given to any member if
waived by him or her in writing as provided in these Bylaws, or if he or she signs the minutes or
attends the meeting, except that if such director attends a meeting for the express purpose of
objecting at the beginning of the meeting to the transaction of any business because the meeting is
not lawfully called or convened, then such director shall not be deemed to have waived notice of
such meeting.
11.9 Quorum and Voting. At all meetings of the Board and of any committee thereof, a majority of the members of the
Board or of such committee shall be necessary and sufficient to constitute a quorum for the
transaction of business. The act of a majority of the members present at any meeting of the Board
or a committee thereof at which a quorum is present shall be the act of the Board or such
committee, unless by express provision of applicable law, the Certificate of Incorporation or these
Bylaws (or with respect to any committee, pursuant to a resolution adopted by the Board), a
different vote is required, in which case the express provision shall govern and control. In the
absence of a quorum, a majority of the members of the Board or of such committee present at any
meeting may, without notice other than announcement at the meeting, adjourn such meeting from time
to time until a quorum is present.
11.10 Manner of Acting. Any action required or permitted to be taken by the Board or any committee thereof may be taken
without a meeting if all members of the Board or such committee, as the case may be, consent
thereto in writing or by electronic transmission, and the writing or writings, or the transmission
or transmissions, are filed with the minutes of the proceedings of the Board or such committee.
Members of the Board or any committee thereof may participate in any meeting of the Board or such
committee by means of conference telephone or other communications equipment by means of which all persons participating therein can hear each other, and
participation in a meeting by such means shall constitute presence in person at such meeting.
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11.11 Committees.
(a) The Board may by resolution or resolutions designate one or more committees, each
committee to consist of one or more directors, which to the extent provided in such
resolution or resolutions shall have and may exercise, to the extent permitted by applicable
law, such powers as the Board may delegate to them in the respective resolutions appointing
them. The Board may designate one or more directors as alternate members of any committee
to replace any absent or disqualified member of the committee.
(b) Except as otherwise determined by resolution of the Board or as provided in these
Bylaws, each committee shall adopt its own rules governing the time, place and method of
holding its meetings and the conduct of its proceedings, and shall meet as provided by such
rules or by resolution of the Board. Unless otherwise provided by these Bylaws or any such
rules or resolutions, notice of the time and place of each meeting of a committee shall be
given to each member of such committee as provided in Section 3.7 with respect to notices of
meetings of the Board.
(c) Each committee shall keep regular minutes of its proceedings and report the same to
the Board when required.
(d) Any member of any committee may be removed from such committee either with or
without cause, at any time, by the Board at any meeting thereof. Any vacancy in any
committee shall be filled by the Board in the manner prescribed by the Certificate of
Incorporation or these Bylaws for the original appointment of the members of such committee.
11.12 Resignation. Any director may resign at any time by notice given in writing or by electronic transmission to
the Corporation. Any such notice provided to the Board, the Chair of the Board, the Chief
Executive Officer, the President or the Secretary of the Corporation shall be deemed to constitute
notice to the Corporation. Such resignation shall take effect upon delivery, unless the
resignation specifies a later effective date or an effective date determined upon the happening of
an event or events and, unless otherwise specified therein, acceptance of such resignation shall
not be necessary to make it effective.
11.13 Removal. Except as otherwise provided in the Certificate of Incorporation, any or all of the directors of
the Corporation may be removed from the Board, with or without cause, upon the affirmative vote of
holders of a majority of the issued and outstanding capital stock of the Corporation entitled to
vote.
11.14 Vacancies. Unless otherwise provided in the Certificate of Incorporation or in these Bylaws, vacancies and
newly-created directorships resulting from any increase in the authorized number of directors may
be filled by a majority of the directors then in office, although less than a quorum, or by a sole
remaining director. Unless otherwise provided in the Certificate of Incorporation or these Bylaws,
when one or more directors resigns from the Board, effective at a future date, a majority of directors then in office, including those who have
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resigned, shall have the power to fill such vacancy or vacancies, the vote thereon to take effect
when such resignation or resignations shall become effective.
11.15 Compensation of Directors. The Board may provide for the payment to any of the directors of a specified amount for services
as director or member of a committee of the Board, or of a specified amount for attendance at each
regular or special Board meeting or committee meeting, or of both, and all directors shall be
reimbursed for expenses of attendance at any such meeting; provided, however, that nothing
contained in these Bylaws shall be construed to preclude any director from serving the Corporation
in any other capacity and from receiving compensation from the Corporation for service rendered to
it in such other capacity.
ARTICLE XII
Officers
Officers
12.1 Number. The officers of the Corporation shall consist of a Chair of the Board, a Chief Executive
Officer, a President, a Chief Financial Officer and a Secretary. The Board also may elect such
other officers as the Board may from time to time deem appropriate or necessary, including a Chief
Operating Officer, one or more Vice Presidents (including one or more Executive Vice Presidents and
one or more Senior Vice Presidents if deemed appropriate by the Board), one or more Assistant
Treasurers, one or more Assistant Secretaries and a Controller.
12.2 Election, Term and Qualification. Except as otherwise provided by this Article IV, officers of the Corporation shall be elected
and qualified from time to time by the Board. Each officer shall hold office until his or her
successor is elected and qualified by the Board or until his or her earlier death, retirement,
resignation or removal. Any number of offices may be held by the same person.
12.3 Resignation. Any officer may resign at any time by giving notice in writing or by electronic transmission to
the Corporation; provided, however, that notice to the Board, Chair of the Board, the Chief
Executive Officer, the President, the Chief Financial Officer or the Secretary shall be deemed to
constitute notice to the Corporation. Such resignation shall take effect upon receipt of such
notice or at any later time specified therein and, unless otherwise specified therein, the
acceptance of such resignation shall not be necessary to make it effective.
12.4 Removal. Any officer may be removed at any time, with or without cause, by the Board.
12.5 Vacancies. Any vacancy among the officers, whether caused by death, resignation, removal or any other
cause, shall be filled in the manner prescribed for election or appointment to such office.
12.6 Delegation of Authority. To the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, the Chair of the Board or the Board may from
time to time delegate the powers or duties of any officer to any other officers or agents,
notwithstanding any provision hereof.
12.7 Chair of the Board. The Chair of the Board shall be a director and shall preside at all meetings of the stockholders
and directors or may designate another director to so preside.
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12.8 Chief Executive Officer. The Chief Executive Officer shall supervise the daily operations of the business of the
Corporation. Subject to the provisions of these Bylaws and to the direction of the Board, he or
she shall perform all duties and have all powers as are commonly incident to the office of Chief
Executive Officer or that are from time to time delegated to him or her by the Board or the Chair
of the Board. He or she shall have power to sign all stock certificates, contracts and other
instruments of the Corporation that are authorized and shall have general supervision and direction
of all of the other officers, employees and agents of the Corporation.
12.9 President. The President, if any, shall, subject to the direction and supervision of the Board, perform all
duties and have all powers as are commonly incident to the office of President or that are from
time to time delegated to him or her by the Board, the Chair of the Board or the Chief Executive
Officer. At the request of the Chief Executive Officer or in his or her absence or inability or
refusal to act, the President of the Corporation shall perform the duties of the Chief Executive
Officer, and when so acting shall have all the powers of and be subject to all of the restrictions
upon the Chief Executive Officer.
12.10 Chief Financial Officer. The Chief Financial Officer shall (a) be the principal financial officer of the Corporation, (b)
upon request of the Board, make such reports to it as may be required at any time and (c) perform
all such other duties and have all such other powers as are commonly incident to the office of
Chief Financial Officer or that are from time to time delegated to him or her by the Board, the
Chair of the Board, the Chief Executive Officer or the President. Assistant Treasurers, if any,
shall have such powers and perform such duties as may from time to time be delegated to them by the
Board or the Chief Financial Officer. At the request of the Chief Financial Officer or in his or
her absence or inability or refusal to act, the Assistant Treasurer shall perform the duties of the
Chief Financial Officer, and when so acting shall have all the powers of and be subject to all of
the restrictions upon the Chief Financial Officer.
12.11 Vice President. Each Vice President (including one or more Executive Vice Presidents and one or more Senior Vice
Presidents if deemed appropriate by the Board) shall have such powers and duties as may be
delegated to him or her by the Board, the Chair of the Board, the Chief Executive Officer or the
President.
12.12 Secretary. The Secretary shall (a) issue all authorized notices for, and shall attend and keep minutes of
all meetings of the stockholders and the Board, (b) have charge of the corporate books and (c)
perform all such other duties and have all such other powers as are commonly incident to the office
of Secretary or that are from time to time delegated to him or her by the Board, the Chair of the
Board, the Chief Executive Officer or the President. Assistant Secretaries, if any, shall have
such powers and perform such duties as may from time to time be delegated to them by the Board or
the Secretary. At the request of the Secretary or in his or her absence or inability or refusal to
act, the Assistant Secretary designated by the Board or the Secretary shall perform the duties of
the Secretary, and when so acting shall have all the powers of and be subject to all of the
restrictions upon the Secretary.
12.13 Controller. The Controller, if any, shall (a) be the principal accounting officer of the Corporation, (b)
have direct responsibility for and supervision of the accounting records of
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the Corporation, and see that adequate examination thereof are currently and regularly made, and
(c) perform all such other duties and have all such other powers as are commonly incident to the
office of Controller or that are from time to time delegated to him or her by the Board, the Chair
of the Board, the Chief Executive Officer, the President or the Chief Financial Officer.
12.14 Bonds of Officers. If required by the Board or the Chair of the Board, any officer of the Corporation shall give a
bond for the faithful discharge of his or her duties in such amount and with such surety or
sureties as the Board or the Chair of the Board may require.
ARTICLE XIII
Capital Stock
Capital Stock
13.1 Certificates. Shares of stock of the Corporation shall be represented by certificates, unless the Board
provides by resolution or resolutions that some or all of the shares of any class or classes, or
series thereof, of the Corporation’s capital stock shall be uncertificated, in which case the
shares of such class or classes, or series thereof, shall be uncertificated. Each holder of stock
represented by a certificate shall be entitled to a certificate signed by, or in the name of the
Corporation by, either the Chair of the Board, the President or a Vice President, and by either the
Secretary, an Assistant Secretary, the Chief Financial Officer or an Assistant Treasurer, bearing
the number of shares owned by him or her. Any or all of the signatures on the certificate may be by
facsimile. If any officer, transfer agent or registrar who has signed or whose facsimile signature
has been placed upon a certificate shall have ceased to be such officer, transfer agent or
registrar before such certificate is issued, the certificate may be issued by the Corporation with
the same effect as if such person or entity were such officer, transfer agent or registrar at the
date of issuance.
13.2 Transfers. Where shares of stock are represented by a certificate, transfers of shares shall be made only
upon the transfer books of the Corporation kept at an office of the Corporation or by transfer
agents designated to transfer shares of the stock of the Corporation, and where shares of stock are
uncertificated, such shares may be transferred in accordance with applicable law.
13.3 Lost, Stolen or Destroyed Certificates. Any person claiming a certificate of stock to be lost, stolen or destroyed shall, at the request
of the Corporation, make an affidavit or an affirmation of such loss, theft or destruction, and
shall, at the request of the Corporation, give the Corporation a bond of indemnity in satisfactory
form and with one or more satisfactory sureties, whereupon a new certificate may be issued in its
place.
13.4 Registered Stockholders. The names and addresses of the holders of record of the shares of each class and series of the
Corporation’s capital stock, together with the number of shares of each class and series held by
each record holder and the date of issue of such shares, shall be entered on the books of the
Corporation. The Corporation shall be entitled to recognize the exclusive right of a person
registered on its books as the owner of shares of capital stock of the Corporation as the person
entitled to exercise the rights of a stockholder, including, without limitation, the right to vote
in person or by proxy at any meeting of the stockholders of the Corporation. The Corporation shall
not be bound to recognize any equitable or other claim to or
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interest in any such shares on the part of any other person, whether or not it shall have express
or other notice thereof, except as otherwise expressly provided by the DGCL.
13.5 Fractional Shares. The Corporation may, but shall not be required to, issue fractional shares of its capital stock
if necessary or appropriate to effect authorized transactions. If the Corporation does not issue
fractional shares, it shall (a) arrange for the disposition of fractional interests on behalf of
those that otherwise would be entitled thereto, (b) pay in cash the fair value of fractions of a
share as of the time when those who otherwise would be entitled to receive such fractions are
determined, or (c) issue scrip or warrants in registered form (either represented by a certificate
or uncertificated) or in bearer form (represented by a certificate), which scrip or warrants shall
entitle the holder to receive a full share upon surrender of such scrip or warrants aggregating a
full share. Fractional shares shall, but scrip or warrants for fractional shares shall not (unless
otherwise expressly provided therein), entitle the holder to exercise voting rights, to receive
dividends thereon, to participate in the distribution of any assets in the event of liquidation,
and otherwise to exercise rights as a holder of capital stock of the class or series to which such
fractional shares belong.
13.6 Additional Powers of Board. The issue, transfer, conversion and registration of certificates of stock or uncertificated
shares shall be governed by such other rules and regulations as the Board may establish. The Board
may appoint and remove transfer agents and registrars of transfer, and may require all stock
certificates to bear the signature of any such transfer agents or registrars of transfer.
ARTICLE XIV
Indemnification of Directors and Officers
Indemnification of Directors and Officers
14.1 General. The Corporation shall indemnify any person who was or is a party or is
threatened to be made a party to any threatened, pending or completed action, suit or proceeding,
whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative (other than an action by or in the right
of the Corporation) by reason of the fact that he is or was a director or officer of the
Corporation, or is or was serving at the request of the Corporation as a director or officer of
another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise, against expenses
(including attorneys’ fees), judgments, fines and amounts paid in settlement actually and
reasonably incurred by him in connection with such action, suit or proceeding if he acted in good
faith and in a manner he reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the
Corporation, and, with respect to any criminal action or proceeding, had no reasonable cause to
believe his conduct was unlawful. The termination of any action, suit or proceeding by judgment,
order, settlement, conviction, or upon a plea of nolo contendere or its equivalent, shall not, of
itself, create a presumption that the person did not act in good faith and in a manner which he
reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the Corporation, and, with
respect to any criminal action or proceeding, had reasonable cause to believe that his conduct was
unlawful.
14.2 Derivative Actions. The Corporation shall indemnify any person who was or is a
party or is threatened to be made a party to any threatened, pending or completed action or suit by
or in the right of the Corporation to procure a judgment in its favor by reason of the fact that he
is or was a director or officer of the Corporation, or is or was serving at the request of the
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Corporation as a director or officer of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust
or other enterprise, against expenses (including attorneys’ fees) actually and reasonably incurred
by him in connection with the defense or settlement of such action or suit if he acted in good
faith and in a manner he reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the
Corporation and except that no indemnification shall be made in respect of any claim, issue or
matter as to which such person shall have been adjudged to be liable to the Corporation unless and
only to the extent that the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware or the court in which such
action or suit was brought shall determine upon application that, despite the adjudication of
liability but in view of all the circumstances of the case, such person is fairly and reasonably
entitled to indemnity for such expenses which the Court of Chancery or such other court shall deem
proper.
14.3 Indemnification in Certain Cases. To the extent that a present or former
director or officer of the Corporation has been successful on the merits or otherwise in defense of
any action, suit or proceeding referred to in Sections 6.1 and 6.2, or in defense of any claim,
issue or matter therein, he shall be indemnified against expenses (including attorneys’ fees)
actually and reasonably incurred by him in connection therewith.
14.4 Procedure. Any indemnification under Sections 6.1 and 6.2 (unless ordered by a
court) shall be made by the Corporation only as authorized in the specific case upon a
determination that indemnification of the director or officer is proper in the circumstances
because he has met the applicable standard of conduct set forth in such Sections 6.1 and 6.2. Such
determination shall be made (a) by the Board of Directors by a majority vote of a quorum consisting
of directors who were not parties to such action, suit or proceeding, or (b) if such a quorum is
not obtainable, or, even if obtainable a quorum of disinterested directors so directs, by
independent legal counsel in a written opinion, or (c) by the stockholders.
14.5 Advances for-Expenses. Expenses (including attorneys’ fees) incurred in
defending a civil, criminal, administrative or investigative action, suit or proceeding shall be
paid by the Corporation, to the extent permitted by law, in advance of the final disposition of
such action, suit or proceeding upon receipt of an undertaking by or on behalf of the director or
officer to repay such amount if it shall be ultimately determined that he is not entitled to be
indemnified by the Corporation as authorized in this Article VI.
14.6 Rights Not-Exclusive. The indemnification and advancement of expenses provided
by or granted pursuant to the other Sections of this Article VI shall not be deemed exclusive of
any other rights to which those seeking indemnification or advancement of expenses may be entitled
under any law, by-law, agreement, vote of stockholders or disinterested directors or otherwise,
both as to action in his official capacity and as to action in another capacity while holding such
office.
14.7 Insurance. The Corporation shall have power to purchase and maintain insurance
on behalf of any person who is or was a director, officer, employee or agent of the Corporation, or
is or was serving at the request of the Corporation as a director, officer, employee or agent of
another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise against any liability
asserted against him and incurred by him in any such capacity, or arising out
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of his status as such, whether or not the Corporation would have the power to indemnify him
against such liability under the provisions of this Article VI.
14.8 Definition of Corporation. For the purposes of this Article VI, references to
“the Corporation” include all constituent corporations absorbed in consolidation or merger as well
as the resulting or surviving corporation so that any person who is or was a director, officer,
employee or agent of such a constituent corporation or is or was serving at the request of such
constituent as a director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation, partnership, joint
venture, trust or other enterprise shall stand in the same position under the provisions of this
Article VI with respect to the resulting or surviving corporation as he would if he had served the
resulting or surviving corporation in the same capacity.
14.9 Other Definitions. For purposes of this Article VI, references to “other
enterprises” shall include employee benefit plans; references to “fines” shall include any excise
taxes assessed on a person with respect to an employee benefit plan; and references to “serving at
the request of the corporation” shall include any service as a director, officer, employee or agent
of the corporation which imposes duties on, or involves services by, such director, officer,
employee, or agent with respect to an employee benefit plan, its participants, or beneficiaries;
and a person who acted in good faith and in a manner he reasonably believed to be in the interest
of the participants and beneficiaries of an employee benefit plan shall be deemed to have acted in
a manner “not opposed to the best interests of the Corporation” as referred to in this Article VI.
14.10 Continuation of Rights. The indemnification and advancement of expenses
provided by, or granted pursuant to this Article VI shall continue as to a person who has ceased to
be a director, officer, employee or agent and shall inure to the benefit of the heirs, executors
and administrators of such person. No amendment to or repeal of this Article VI shall apply to or
have any effect on, the rights of any director, officer, employee or agent under this Article VI
which rights come into existence by virtue of acts or omissions of such director, officer, employee
or agent occurring prior to such amendment or repeal.
14.11 Indemnification of Employees and Agents of the Corporation. The Corporation may, to the extent authorized from time to time by the Board, grant rights to
indemnification and to the advancement of expenses to any employee or agent of the Corporation to
the fullest extent of the provisions of this Article VI with respect to the indemnification and
advancement of expenses of directors and officers of the Corporation.
ARTICLE XV
Amendments
Amendments
To the extent permitted by the Certificate of Incorporation, the Board may from time to time
alter, amend, supplement or repeal these Bylaws. In addition to and not in limitation of the
foregoing, these Bylaws may be altered, amended, supplemented or repealed at any meeting of
stockholders or by written consent of the stockholders as provided in these Bylaws, provided that
any such alteration, amendment, supplement or repeal proposed to be acted upon at any such meeting
or by written consent shall have been described or referred to in the notice of such meeting or in
the written consent.
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ARTICLE XVI
Miscellaneous
Miscellaneous
16.1 Waivers of Notice. Whenever notice is required to be given by applicable law, the Certificate of Incorporation or
these Bylaws to any stockholder, director, officer, employee or agent, a waiver in writing, signed
by the person entitled to the notice, or a waiver by electronic transmission by the person entitled
to the notice, whether before or after the time of the event for which notice is to be given, shall
be deemed equivalent to the notice required. Neither the business nor the purpose of any meeting
need be specified in such a waiver. If waiver of notice is given by electronic transmission, such
electronic transmission must either set forth or be submitted with information from which it can be
determined that the electronic transmission was authorized by the stockholder, director, officer,
employee or agent, as applicable. Attendance of a person at a meeting, whether such attendance is
in person, by remote communication or by proxy, shall constitute a waiver of notice of such
meeting, except when the person attends a meeting for the express purpose of objecting at the
beginning of the meeting to the transaction of any business because the meeting is not lawfully
called or convened.
16.2 Record Date.
(a) In order that the Corporation may determine the stockholders entitled to notice of
or to vote at any meeting of stockholders or any adjournment thereof, the Board may fix a
record date, which record date shall not precede the date on which the resolution fixing the
record date is adopted by the Board, and shall not be more than 60 nor less than 10 days
before the date of the meeting. If no record date is fixed by the Board, the record date
shall be at the close of business on the day next preceding the day on which notice is given
or, if notice is waived, at the close of business on the day next preceding the day on which
the meeting is held. A determination of stockholders of record entitled to notice of or to
vote at a meeting of stockholders shall apply to any adjournment of the meeting; provided,
however, that the Board may fix a new record date for the adjourned meeting.
(b) In order that the Corporation may determine the stockholders entitled to consent to
corporate action in writing without a meeting, the Board may fix a record date, which record
date shall not precede the date upon which the resolution fixing the record date is adopted
by the Board, and shall not be more than 10 days after the date upon which the resolution
fixing the record date is adopted by the Board. Any stockholder of record seeking to have
the stockholders authorize or take corporate action by written consent shall, by written
notice to the Secretary, request the Board to fix a record date. The Board shall promptly,
but in all events within 10 days after the date on which such a request is received, adopt a
resolution fixing the record date. If no record date has been fixed by the Board within 10
days after the date on which such a request is received, the record date for determining
stockholders entitled to consent to corporation action in writing without a meeting, if no
prior action by the Board is required by applicable law, the Certificate of Incorporation or
these Bylaws, shall be the first date on which a signed written consent setting forth the
action taken or proposed to be taken is delivered to the Corporation in the manner set forth
in these Bylaws. If no record date has been fixed by the Board and prior action by the
Board is required by applicable law, the Certificate of
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Incorporation, or these Bylaws, the record date shall be at the close of business on
the date on which the Board adopts the resolution taking such prior action.
(c) In order that the Corporation may determine the stockholders entitled to receive
payment of any dividend or other distribution or allotment of any rights or to exercise any
rights in respect of any change, conversion or exchange of stock or for the purpose of any
other lawful action, the Board may fix a record date, which record date shall not precede
the date on which the resolution fixing the record date is adopted by the Board, and shall
not be more than 60 days prior to the date of the action. If no record date is fixed by the
Board, the record date shall be shall be at the close of business on the day on which the
Board adopts a resolution relating thereto.
16.3 Books and Records. Any books or records maintained by the Corporation in the regular course of its business,
including its stock ledger, books of account and minute books, may be kept on, or by means of, or
be in the form of, any information storage device or method; provided, however, that the books and
records so kept can be converted into clearly legible paper form within a reasonable time. The
Corporation shall so convert any books or records so kept upon the request of any person entitled
to inspect such records pursuant to the Certificate of Incorporation, these Bylaws or the
provisions of the DGCL.
16.4 Action with Respect to Securities of Other Entities. Unless otherwise directed by the Board, the Chair of the Board, the Chief Executive Officer, the
President, the Chief Financial Officer or any Vice President shall have power to vote and otherwise
act on behalf of the Corporation, in person or by proxy, at any meeting of stockholders or other
equityholders of or with respect to any action of stockholders or other equityholders of any other
corporation or other entity in which the Corporation may hold securities and otherwise to exercise
any and all rights and powers that the Corporation may possess by reason of its ownership of
securities in such other corporation or other entity.
16.5 Facsimile Signatures. In addition to the provisions for use of facsimile signatures elsewhere specifically authorized
in these Bylaws, signatures by facsimile or other electronic transmission of any officer or
officers of the Corporation may be used whenever and as authorized by the Board or a committee
thereof.
16.6 Corporate Seal. The Corporation shall have no corporate seal.
16.7 Reliance Upon Books, Reports and Records. Each director, each member of any committee designated by the Board, and each officer of the
Corporation shall, in the performance of his or her duties, be fully protected in relying in good
faith upon the books of account or other records of the Corporation and upon such information,
opinions, reports or statements presented to the Corporation by any of its officers or employees,
or committees of the Board so designated, or by any other person as to matters which such director
or committee member reasonably believes are within such other person’s professional or expert
competence and who has been selected with reasonable care by or on behalf of the Corporation.
16.8 Fiscal Year. The fiscal year of the Corporation shall end on December 31 of each year, or shall be as
otherwise fixed by the Board.
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16.9 Time Periods. In applying any provision of these Bylaws that requires that an act be done or not be done a
specified number of days prior to an event or that an act be done during a period of a specified
number of days prior to an event, calendar days shall be used, the day of the doing of the act
shall be excluded, and the day of the event shall be included.
16.10 Inconsistent Provisions. If any provision of these Bylaws is or becomes inconsistent with any provision of the
Certificate of Incorporation, the DGCL or any other applicable law, the provision of these Bylaws
shall not be given any effect to the extent of such inconsistency but shall otherwise be given full
force and effect.
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