JOINT FILING AGREEMENT AMONG FRIEDMAN, BILLINGS, RAMSEY GROUP, INC., ORKNEY HOLDINGS, INC., FRIEDMAN, BILLINGS, RAMSEY INVESTMENT MANAGEMENT, INC., FBR WESTON, LIMITED PARTNERSHIP, ERIC F. BILLINGS, AND EMANUEL J. FRIEDMAN

         JOINT FILING AGREEMENT AMONG FRIEDMAN, BILLINGS, XXXXXX GROUP, INC.,
 ORKNEY HOLDINGS, INC., FRIEDMAN, BILLINGS, XXXXXX INVESTMENT MANAGEMENT, INC.,
               FBR WESTON, LIMITED PARTNERSHIP, XXXX X. XXXXXXXX, AND
                              XXXXXXX X. XXXXXXXX

      WHEREAS, in accordance with Rule 13d-1(k) under the Securities and
Exchange Act of 1934 (the "Act"), only one joint statement and any amendments
thereto need to be filed whenever one or more persons are required to file such
a statement or any amendments thereto pursuant to Section 13(d) of the Act with
respect to the same securities, provided that said persons agree in writing that
such statement or amendments thereto is filed on behalf of each of them;

      NOW, THEREFORE, the parties hereto agree as follows:

      FRIEDMAN, BILLINGS, XXXXXX GROUP, INC., ORKNEY HOLDINGS, INC., FRIEDMAN,
BILLINGS, XXXXXX INVESTMENT MANAGEMENT, INC., FBR WESTON, LIMITED PARTNERSHIP
XXXX X. XXXXXXXX, AND XXXXXXX X. XXXXXXXX hereby agree, in accordance with
Rule 13d-1(k) under the Act, to file a statement on Schedule 13D relating to
their ownership of Common Stock of the Issuer and do hereby further agree
that said statement shall be filed on behalf of each of them.



                                XXXXXXXX, BILLING, XXXXXX GROUP, INC.

Dated:  November 14, 2002       By: /s/ Xxxxxxx X. Xxxxxxxx
                                   ------------------------
                                Name:  Xxxxxxx X. Xxxxxxxx
                                Title: Chairman



                                ORKNEY HOLDINGS, INC.

Dated:  November 14, 2002       By: /s/ Xxxx X. Xxxxxxxxxx
                                   -----------------------
                                Name:  Xxxx X. Xxxxxxxxxx
                                Title: President


                                FRIEDMAN, BILLINGS, XXXXXX INVESTMENT
                                MANAGEMENT, INC.

Dated:  November 14, 2002       By: /s/ Xxxx Xxxxxxxx
                                   -----------------------
                                Name:  Xxxx Xxxxxxxx
                                Title: Vice Chairman and Co-Chief
                                       Executive Officer

                                FBR WESTON, LIMITED PARTNERSHIP
                                   by Friedman, Billings, Xxxxxx Investment
                                   Management, Inc., its General Partner


Dated:  November 14, 2002       By: /s/ Xxxx Xxxxxxxx
                                   -----------------------
                                Name:  Xxxx Xxxxxxxx
                                Title: Vice Chairman and Co-Chief
                                       Executive Officer


Dated:  November 14, 2002       /s/ Xxxx. X. Xxxxxxxx
                                ---------------------
                                Xxxx X. Xxxxxxxx



Dated:  November 14, 2002       /s/ Xxxxxxx X. Xxxxxxxx
                                -----------------------
                                Xxxxxxx X. Xxxxxxxx