Exhibit 10(aa) PREFERRED STOCK INVESTMENT AGREEMENT
AGREEMENT dated as of September 30, 1997 between Interleaf, Inc. (the
"Company") and the investor whose name is set forth at the foot of this
Agreement (the "Investor").
The parties hereto agree as follows:
ARTICLE I
Purchase and Sale of Preferred Stock
Section I.1 Purchase and Sale of Preferred Stock. Upon the following
terms and conditions, the Company shall issue and sell to the Investor shares of
the Company's 6% Convertible Preferred Stock (the "Shares") having the rights,
designations and preferences set forth in Schedule I hereto, and the Investor
shall purchase from the Company the number of Shares designated on the signature
page hereof.
Section I.2 Purchase Price. The purchase price for the Shares (the
"Purchase Price") shall be $1,000 per share.
Section I.3 The Closing.
(a) The closing of the purchase and sale of the Shares (the
"Closing"), shall take place at the offices of the Company, at 10:00 a.m., local
time on the later of the following: (i) the date on which the last to be
fulfilled or waived of the conditions set forth in Article IV hereof and
applicable to the Closing shall be fulfilled or waived in accordance herewith,
or (ii) such other time and place and/or on such other date as the Investor and
the Company may agree but in no event later than September 30, 1997. The date on
which the Closing occurs is referred to herein as the "Closing Date."
(b) On the Closing Date, the Company shall deliver to the
Investor certificates representing the number of Shares being purchased by the
Investor, registered in the name of the Investor, or deposit such Shares into
accounts designated by the Investor, and the Investor shall deliver to the
Company the Purchase Price for such Shares by cashier's check or wire transfer
in immediately available funds to such account as shall be designated in writing
by the Company. The Investor shall also deliver, as a condition to the Closing,
a Purchaser's Questionnaire in the form supplied by the Company. In addition,
each party shall deliver all documents, instruments and writings required to be
delivered by such party pursuant to this Agreement at or prior to the Closing.
Section I.4 Covenant to Register.
(a) For purposes of this Section, the following definitions shall
apply:
(i) The terms "register," "registered," and "registration"
refer to a registration under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the
"Act"), effected by preparing and filing a registration statement in compliance
with the Act, and the declaration or ordering of effectiveness of such
registration statement, document or amendment thereto.
(ii) The term "Registrable Securities" does not include
the Shares but means (A) the shares of common stock issued or issuable upon
conversion of the Shares, or (B) any securities of the Company or securities of
any successor corporation issued pursuant to the provisions of Schedule I hereto
or issuable upon the conversion or exercise of any warrant, right or other
security that is issued as a dividend or other distribution with respect to, or
in exchange for or in replacement of the Shares, which in either case (i) have
not been resold pursuant to an effective registration statement or pursuant to
Rule 144 under the Act or (ii) may not be resold pursuant to Rule 144(k) under
the Act. For purposes of this Agreement, securities will be considered
ineligible for resale pursuant to Rule 144(k) under the Act unless the Company's
transfer agent has accepted an instruction from the Company specifying that such
securities are eligible for sale pursuant to Rule 144(k).
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(iii) The term "holder of Registrable Securities" includes
any person who holds Shares which are convertible into Registrable Securities.
(b) (i) The Company shall, as expeditiously as possible following
the Closing, file a registration statement on Form S-3, or if Form S-3 is not
then available, another appropriate form, covering the resale of all the
Registrable Securities under Rule 415. The number of shares of Common Stock
initially included in such registration statement shall be not less than 150% of
the number which would be issuable upon conversion of the Shares if all thereof
were to be converted at a conversion price equal to the average closing price of
the Common Stock during the five trading days prior to the effective date of the
registration statement. The Company shall use its best efforts to cause such
registration statement to become effective by the 90th calendar day after the
Closing Date (the "Initial Registration"). In the event such registration
statement is not so declared effective or if at any time thereafter it does not
include at least 120% of the number of Registrable Securities which would then
be issuable upon conversion of the 6% Preferred (or any successor security) at
the conversion price then in effect, any holder of Registrable Securities shall
have the right to require by notice in writing that the Company register all or
any part of the Registrable Securities held by such holder (a "Demand
Registration") and the Company shall thereupon effect such registration in
accordance herewith (which may include adding such shares to an existing shelf
registration). The parties agree that if the holder of Registrable Securities
demands registration of less than all of the Registrable Securities, the
Company, at its option, may nevertheless file a registration statement covering
all of the Registrable Securities. If such registration statement is declared
effective with respect to all Registrable Securities, then so long as the
Company is in compliance with its obligations under Subsection (d)(i) through
(v) hereof, the demand registration rights granted pursuant to this Subsection
(b) (i) shall not be applicable. If such registration statement is not declared
effective with respect to all Registrable Securities, or if the Company is not
in compliance with said obligations, the demand registration rights described
herein shall remain in effect. The Company shall provide holders of Registrable
Securities reasonable opportunity to review any such registration statement or
amendment or supplement thereto prior to the filing thereof. Nothing herein
shall require the Company to postpone filing the registration statement. If the
Registrable Securities are registered initially on a form other than Form S-3,
and thereafter the Company becomes eligible to use Form S-3, the Company will
then take all action permitted by Rule 401(e) under the Act to utilize the
requirements of Form S-3 thereafter.
(ii) The Company shall not be obligated to effect Demand
Registration under Subsection (b)(i) if all of the Registrable Securities held
by the holder of Registrable Securities which are demanded to be covered by the
Demand Registration are, at the time of such demand, included in an effective
registration statement and the Company is in compliance with its obligations
under Subsection (d) (i) through (v) hereof.
(iii) The Company may suspend the effectiveness of any
such registration effected pursuant to this Subsection (b) in the event, and for
such period of time as, such a suspension is required by the rules and
regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC"), and may suspend
use of the prospectus included in the Registration Statement if such prospectus
ceases to meet the requirements of Section 10 of the Act. The Company will
immediately advise the holders of the registered securities of any such
suspension, and will use its best efforts to cause such suspension to terminate
at the earliest possible date. The Investor agrees that following receipt of any
such notice, and until such suspension is terminated, the Investor will not make
use of the suspended prospectus and will make no sales requiring delivery of
such prospectus.
(iv) If the registration statement covering the required
number of Registrable Securities is not effective by the 90th calendar day after
the Closing Date, then the Company shall pay the Investor in cash an amount
equal to 3% of the total Purchase Price of the Shares purchased by the Investor
for each 30 day period thereafter until such registration statement is effective
(pro-rata as to a period of less than 30 days). An amount equal to 3% of the
total Purchase Price of Shares and any Registrable Securities then held by
Investor shall also be paid to the Investor in cash with respect to any period
in excess of 30 days that the effectiveness of the Registration Statement or use
of the prospectus is suspended as set forth in Section 1.4 (b)(iii) or the
prospectus is otherwise unavailable for use by sellers of Registrable
Securities. Any payment hereunder shall be made not later than ten days after
the end of the 30-day period with respect to which such payment is due. The
"Purchase Price" of Registrable Securities shall be, in the case of Registrable
Securities derived from conversion or substitution of Shares, the Purchase Price
of such Shares.
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This subsection is in addition to the provisions of Section 7.2(a) hereof.
(c) If the Company proposes to register (including for this
purpose a registration effected by the Company for shareholders other than the
Investor) any of its stock or other securities under the Act in connection with
a public offering of such securities (other than a registration on Form X-0,
Xxxx X-0 or other limited purpose form) and all Registrable Securities have not
theretofore been included in a registration statement under Subsection (b) which
remains effective, the Company shall, at such time, promptly give all holders of
Registrable Securities written notice of such registration. Upon the written
request of any holder of Registrable Securities given within twenty (20) days
after receipt of such notice by the holder of Registrable Securities, the
Company shall use its best efforts to cause to be registered under the Act all
Registrable Securities that such holder of Registrable Securities requests to be
registered. However, the Company shall have no obligation under this Subsection
(c) to the extent that, with respect to a public offering registration, the
managing underwriter of such public offering reasonably notifies such holder(s)
in writing of its determination that the Registrable Securities or a portion
thereof should be excluded therefrom. The rights of the Investor and the
obligations of the Company under this subsection are subject to any prior
registration rights of other shareholders of the Company which are disclosed in
Exhibit A hereto.
(d) Whenever required under this Section to effect the
registration of any Registrable Securities, including, without limitation, the
Initial Registration, the Company shall, as expeditiously as reasonably
possible:
(i) Prepare and file with the SEC a registration statement
with respect to such Registrable Securities and use its best efforts to cause
such registration to become effective as provided in Section 1.4(b)(i), and keep
such registration statement effective for so long as any holder of Registrable
Securities desires to dispose of the securities covered by such registration
statement, or, if earlier, until such Registrable Securities may be sold under
Rule 144(k) (provided that the Company's transfer agent has accepted an
instruction from the Company to such effect).
(ii) Prepare and file with the SEC such amendments and
supplements to such registration statement and the prospectus used in connection
with such registration statement as may be necessary to comply with the
provisions of the Act with respect to the disposition of all securities covered
by such registration statement and notify the holders of the filing and
effectiveness of such registration statement and any amendments or supplements.
(iii) Furnish to each holder of Registrable Securities
such numbers of copies of a current prospectus conforming with the requirements
of the Act, copies of the registration statement, any amendment or supplement
thereto and any documents incorporated by reference therein and such other
documents as such holder of Registrable Securities may reasonably require in
order to facilitate the disposition of Registrable Securities owned by such
holder of Registrable Securities.
(iv) Use its best efforts to register and qualify the
securities covered by such registration statement under such securities or "Blue
Sky" laws of such jurisdictions as shall be reasonably requested by a holder of
Registrable Securities and keep such registration or qualification effective as
long as required to permit sale of Registrable Securities thereunder, provided
that the Company shall not be required in connection therewith or as a condition
thereto to qualify to do business or to file a general consent to service of
process in any such states or jurisdictions.
(v) Notify each holder of Registrable Securities
immediately of the happening of any event as a result of which the prospectus
included in such registration statement, as then in effect, includes an untrue
statement of material fact or omits to state a material fact required to be
stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading in
light of the circumstances then existing, and use its best efforts to promptly
update and/or correct such prospectus.
(vi) Furnish to each holder of Registrable Securities
included therein (1) an opinion of counsel to the Company covering compliance of
the registration statement, as to form, with the requirements of the Act and the
rules thereunder, and covering the matters covered in the opinion filed as an
exhibit to the registration
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statement, and (2) a "cold comfort" letter or letters of the Company's
independent public accountants in the form and of the substance customarily
supplied to underwriters in connection with a public offering.
(vii) Use its best efforts to list the Registrable
Securities covered by such registration statement with any national market or
securities exchange on which the Common Stock is then listed.
(viii) Make available for inspection by the holder of
Registrable Securities, upon request, all SEC Documents (as defined below) filed
subsequent to the Closing and require the Company's representatives to supply
all information reasonably requested by any holder of Registrable Securities in
connection with such registration statement. Nothing herein shall require the
Company to postpone filing the registration statement or to delay the
effectiveness thereof.
(e) Each holder of Registrable Securities will furnish to the
Company in connection with any registration under this Section such information
regarding itself, the Registrable Securities and other securities of the Company
held by it, and the intended method of disposition of such securities as shall
be reasonably required to effect the registration of the Registrable Securities
held by such holder of Registrable Securities. The Investor shall provide such
data at or prior to the Closing. The intended method of disposition (Plan of
Distribution) of such securities as so provided by Investor shall be included
without alteration in the Registration Statement covering the Registrable
Securities and shall not be changed without written consent of the Investor.
(f) (i) The Company shall indemnify, defend and hold harmless
each holder of Registrable Securities which are included in a registration
statement pursuant to the provisions of Subsections (b) or (c) (each, a "Selling
Shareholder") and each of its officers, directors, employees, agents, partners
or controlling persons (within the meaning of the Act) (each, an "indemnified
party") from and against, and shall reimburse such indemnified party with
respect to, any and all claims, suits, demands, causes of action, losses,
damages, liabilities, costs or expenses ("Liabilities") to which such
indemnified party may become subject under the Act or otherwise, arising from or
relating to (A) any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of any material
fact contained in such registration statement, any prospectus contained therein
or any amendment or supplement thereto, or (B) the omission or alleged omission
to state therein a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to
make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances in which they were
made, not misleading; provided, however, that the Company shall not be liable in
any such case to the extent that any such Liability arises out of or is based
upon an untrue statement or omission so made in reliance upon information
furnished by such indemnified party in writing specifically for use in the
registration statement; provided further, that the Company shall not be liable
in any such case to the extent that any such Liability arises out of or is based
upon an untrue statement or alleged untrue statement or omission or alleged
omission made in any preliminary prospectus if (i) a Selling Shareholder under
an obligation to send or deliver a copy of the prospectus with or prior to the
delivery of written confirmation of the sale of Registrable Securities to the
person asserting such Liability who purchased such Registrable Securities which
are the subject thereof from such Selling Shareholder failed to do so and (ii)
the prospectus would have corrected such untrue statement or omission; and
provided further, that the Company shall not be liable in any such case to the
extent that any Liability arises out of or is based upon an untrue statement or
alleged untrue statement or omission or alleged omission in the prospectus, if
such untrue statement or alleged untrue statement, omission or alleged omission
is corrected in an amendment or supplement to the prospectus and if, having
previously been furnished by or on behalf of the Company with copies of the
prospectuses so amended or supplemented and having been obligated to deliver
such prospectuses, the Selling Shareholder thereafter failed to deliver such
prospectus as so amended or supplemented, prior to or concurrently with the sale
of Registrable Securities to the person asserting such Liability who purchased
such Registrable Securities which are the subject thereof from such Selling
Shareholder.
(ii) In the event of any registration under the Act of
Registrable Securities pursuant to Subsections (b) or (c), each holder of such
Registrable Securities hereby severally agrees to indemnify, defend and hold
harmless the Company, and its officers, directors, employees, agents, partners,
or controlling persons (within the meaning of the Act) (each, an "indemnified
party") from and against, and shall reimburse such indemnified party with
respect to, any and all Liabilities to which such indemnified party may become
subject under the Act or otherwise, arising from or relating to (A) any untrue
statement or alleged untrue statement of any material fact contained in such
registration statement, any prospectus contained therein or any amendment or
supplement thereto, or (B) the omission
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or alleged omission to state therein a material fact required to be stated
therein or necessary to make the statements therein, in light of the
circumstances in which they were made, not misleading; provided, that such
holders will be liable in any such case to the extent, and only to the extent,
that any such Liability arises out of or is based upon an untrue statement or
alleged untrue statement or omission or alleged omission made in such
registration statement, prospectus or amendment or supplement thereto in
reliance upon written information furnished in an instrument duly executed by
such holder specifically for use in the registration statement.
(iii) Promptly after receipt by any indemnified party of
notice of the commencement of any action, such indemnified party shall, if a
claim in respect thereof is to be made against another party (the "indemnifying
party") hereunder, notify such party in writing thereof, but the omission so to
notify shall not relieve the indemnifying party from any Liability which it may
have to the indemnified party other than under this section and shall only
relieve it from any Liability which it may have to the indemnified party under
this section if and to the extent it is actually prejudiced by such omission. In
case any such action shall be brought against any indemnified party and such
indemnified party shall notify the indemnifying party of the commencement
thereof, the indemnifying party shall be entitled to participate in and, to the
extent it shall wish, to assume and undertake the defense thereof with counsel
reasonably satisfactory to such indemnified party, and, after notice from the
indemnifying party to the indemnified party of its election so to assume and
undertake the defense thereof, the indemnifying party shall not be liable to the
indemnified party under this section for any legal expenses subsequently
incurred by the indemnified party in connection with the defense thereof other
than reasonable costs of investigation and of liaison with counsel so selected,
provided, however, that if the defendants in any such action include both the
indemnifying party and such indemnified party and the indemnified party shall
have reasonably concluded, based upon an opinion of counsel, that there may be
reasonable defenses available to it which are different from or additional to
those available to the indemnifying party or if the interests of the indemnified
party reasonably may be deemed to conflict with the interests of the
indemnifying party, the indemnified party shall have the right to select a
separate counsel and to assume such legal defenses and otherwise to participate
in the defense of such action, with (subject to the following sentence) the
reasonable expenses and fees of such separate counsel and other reasonable
expenses related to such participation to be reimbursed by the indemnifying
party as incurred. If the Company is the indemnifying party it shall pay the
reasonable expenses and fees of only one separate counsel whose selection is
approved by the largest group of similarly situated indemnified parties as
measured by the aggregate face value of such Registrable Securities owned by
such group. Any indemnified party who chooses not to be represented by the
foregoing separate counsel shall be entitled, at its own expense, to be
represented by counsel of its own selection.
(g) (i) With respect to the inclusion of Registrable Securities
in a registration statement pursuant to Subsections (b) or (c), all fees, costs
and expenses of and incidental to such registration, inclusion and public
offering shall be borne by the Company; provided, however, that any Selling
Shareholders participating in such registration shall bear their own share of
the underwriting discounts and commissions, and transfer taxes if any, incurred
by them in connection with such registration.
(ii) The fees, costs and expenses of registration to be
borne by the Company as provided in this Subsection (g) shall include, without
limitation, all registration, filing and NASD fees, printing expenses, fees and
disbursements of counsel and accountants for the Company, and all legal fees and
disbursements and other expenses of complying with state securities or Blue Sky
laws of any jurisdiction or jurisdictions in which securities to be offered are
to be registered and qualified. Subject to appropriate agreements as to
confidentiality, and upon reasonable advance notice from the holder or its
counsel, the Company shall make available to counsel for the holders of
Registrable Securities upon reasonable request its documents and personnel for
due diligence purposes, and shall pay the reasonable fees and disbursements of
one law firm (but not more than one) acting as counsel for a majority of such
holders. Except as otherwise provided herein, fees and disbursements of counsel
and accountants for the Selling Shareholders shall be borne by the respective
Selling Shareholders. Nothing herein shall require the Company to postpone
filing the registration statement or delay its effectiveness.
(h) The rights to cause the Company to register all or any
portion of Registrable Securities pursuant to this Section may be assigned by
Investor to a transferee or assignee of all, or a portion equal to 20% or more,
in the aggregate, of its Shares or the Registrable Securities derived from such
Shares. Any transferee asserting registration rights hereunder shall agree to be
bound by the applicable provisions of this Agreement.
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(i) From and after the date of this Agreement, the Company shall
not grant additional "piggy-back" registration rights to the holders of any
securities of the Company to include any of their securities in any registration
statement filed by the Company pursuant to Subsection (b) unless such inclusion
will not reduce the amount of the Registrable Securities included therein.
ARTICLE II
Representations and Warranties
Section II.1 Representations and Warranties of the Company. The Company
hereby makes the following representations and warranties to the Investor:
(a) Organization and Qualification. The Company is a corporation
duly incorporated and existing in good standing under the laws of Massachusetts
and has the requisite corporate power to own its properties and to carry on its
business as now being conducted. The Company does not have any material
subsidiaries except as listed in Exhibit A hereto or in the SEC Documents (as
hereinafter defined). The Company and each such subsidiary, if any, is duly
qualified as a foreign corporation to do business and is in good standing in
every jurisdiction in which the nature of the business conducted or property
owned by it makes such qualification necessary other than those in which the
failure so to qualify would not have a Material Adverse Effect. "Material
Adverse Effect" means any material adverse effect on the business, operations,
properties, prospects, or financial condition of the Company and its
subsidiaries taken as a whole.
(b) Authorization; Enforcement. (i) The Company has the requisite
corporate power and authority to enter into and perform this Agreement and to
issue the Shares in accordance with the terms hereof, (ii) the execution and
delivery of this Agreement by the Company and the consummation by it of the
transactions contemplated hereby have been duly authorized by all necessary
corporate action, and no further consent or authorization of the Company or its
Board of Directors or stockholders is required except as contemplated by this
Agreement or Schedule I hereto (including stockholder approval), (iii) this
Agreement has been duly executed and delivered by the Company, and (iv) this
Agreement constitutes a valid and binding obligation of the Company enforceable
against the Company in accordance with its terms, except as such enforceability
may be limited by applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium,
liquidation or similar laws relating to, or affecting generally the enforcement
of, creditors' rights and remedies or by other equitable principles of general
application. The Company's chief executive officer and chief financial officer
and directors have studied and fully understand the nature of the securities
being sold hereunder, and recognize that they have a potential dilutive effect.
(c) Capitalization. The authorized capital stock of the Company
consists of 50,000,000 shares of Common Stock and 5,000,000 shares of preferred
stock; there are 17,840,259 shares of Common Stock and 1,010,002shares of Class
C preferred stock issued and outstanding; and, upon issuance of the Shares in
accordance with the terms hereof and pursuant to similar agreements of like
tenor, there will be 17,840,259 shares of Common Stock, approximately 1,010,002
shares of Class C preferred stock, and 7,625 shares of 6% Convertible Preferred
Stock issued and outstanding. All of the outstanding shares of the Company's
Common Stock have been validly issued and are fully paid and nonassessable.
Except as set forth in Exhibit A hereto and as described in the SEC Documents,
no shares of Common Stock are entitled to preemptive rights or registration
rights and there are no outstanding options, convertible securities, warrants,
scrip, rights to subscribe to, calls or commitments of any character whatsoever
relating to, or securities or rights convertible into, any shares of capital
stock of the Company, or contracts, commitments, understandings, or arrangements
by which the Company is or may become bound to issue additional shares of
capital stock of the Company or options, warrants, scrip, rights to subscribe
to, or commitments to purchase or acquire, any shares, or securities or rights
convertible into shares, of capital stock of the Company. The Company has
furnished or made available to the Investor true and correct copies of the
Company's charter documents as in effect on the date hereof (the "Charter"), and
the Company's By-Laws, as in effect on the date hereof (the "By-Laws").
(d) Issuance of Shares. The issuance of the Shares has been duly
authorized and, when paid for or issued in accordance with the terms hereof, the
Shares shall be validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable and
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entitled to the rights and preferences set forth in Schedule I hereto. The
Common Stock issuable upon conversion of the Shares will be duly authorized and
reserved for issuance and, upon conversion in accordance with the Certificate of
Designation to be filed by the Company to establish the rights and preferences
of the Shares, will be validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable and not
subject to any preemptive rights or adverse claims, and the holders shall be
entitled to all rights and preferences accorded to a holder of Common Stock.
(e) No Conflicts. The execution, delivery and performance of this
Agreement by the Company and the consummation by the Company of the transactions
contemplated hereby do not and will not (i) result in a violation of the
Company's Charter or By-Laws or (ii) conflict with, or constitute a default (or
an event which with notice or lapse of time or both would become a default)
under, or give to others any rights of termination, amendment, acceleration or
cancellation of, any agreement, indenture or instrument to which the Company or
any of its subsidiaries is a party, or result in a violation of any federal,
state, local or foreign law, rule, regulation, order, judgment or decree
(including Federal and state securities laws and regulations) applicable to the
Company or any of its subsidiaries or by which any property or asset of the
Company or any of its subsidiaries is bound or affected (except as contemplated
by Section 10 of Schedule I hereto and except for such conflicts, defaults,
terminations, amendments, accelerations, cancellations and violations as would
not, individually or in the aggregate, have a Material Adverse Effect); provided
that, for purposes of such representation as to Federal, state, local or foreign
law, rule or regulation, no representation is made herein with respect to any of
the same applicable solely to the Investor and not to the Company. The business
of the Company is not being conducted in violation of any law, ordinance or
regulations of any governmental entity, except for violations which either
singly or in the aggregate do not and will not have a Material Adverse Effect.
The Company is not required under Federal, state or local law, rule or
regulation in the United States to obtain any consent, authorization or order
of, or make any filing (other than the filing of a Certificate setting forth the
terms of the Shares with the Massachusetts Secretary of State) or registration
with, any court or governmental agency in order for it to execute, deliver or
perform any of its obligations under this Agreement or issue and sell the Shares
in accordance with the terms hereof (other than any SEC, NASD or state
securities filings which may be required to be made by the Company and any
registration statement which may be filed pursuant hereto); provided that, for
purposes of the representation made in this sentence, the Company is assuming
and relying upon the accuracy of the relevant representations and agreements of
the Investor herein. Purchase of the Shares by the Investor and conversion of
the Shares pursuant to the provisions hereof and of Schedule I hereto, if and so
long as Section 3.5 hereof is complied with, will not cause any person to become
an "acquiring person" or otherwise create any remedy against the Investor under
the Shareholder Rights Plan of the Company.
(f) SEC Documents, Financial Statements. The Common Stock of the
Company is registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Securities Exchange Act
of 1934, as amended (the "Exchange Act") and the Company has filed all reports,
schedules, forms, statements and other documents required to be filed by it with
the SEC pursuant to the reporting requirements of the Exchange Act, including
material filed pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d), in addition to one or more
registration statements and amendments thereto heretofore filed by the Company
with the SEC (all of the foregoing including filings incorporated by reference
therein being referred to herein as the "SEC Documents"). The Company has
delivered or made available to the Investor true and complete copies of the
quarterly and annual (including, without limitation, proxy information and
solicitation materials) SEC Documents filed with the SEC since December 31,
1995. The Company has not provided to the Investor any information which,
according to applicable law, rule or regulation, should have been disclosed
publicly by the Company but which has not been so disclosed, other than with
respect to the transactions contemplated by this Agreement. As of their
respective dates, the SEC Documents complied in all material respects with the
requirements of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations of the SEC
promulgated thereunder except as set forth on Exhibit A and other federal, state
and local laws, rules and regulations applicable to such SEC Documents, and none
of the SEC Documents contained any untrue statement of a material fact or
omitted to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in
order to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which
they were made, not misleading. The financial statements of the Company included
in the SEC Documents comply as to form in all material respects with applicable
accounting requirements and the published rules and regulations of the SEC or
other applicable rules and regulations with respect thereto. Such financial
statements have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting
principles applied on a consistent basis during the periods involved (except (i)
as may be otherwise indicated in such financial statements or the notes thereto
or (ii) in the case of unaudited interim statements, to the extent they may not
include footnotes or may be condensed or summary statements) and fairly present
in all material respects the financial
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position of the Company as of the dates thereof and the results of operations
and cash flows for the periods then ended (subject, in the case of unaudited
statements, to normal year-end audit adjustments).
(g) No Material Adverse Change. Since the date through which the
most recent quarterly report of the Company on Form 10-Q has been prepared and
filed with the SEC, a copy of which is included in the SEC Documents, no event
which would have a Material Adverse Effect has occurred or exists with respect
to the Company or its subsidiaries otherwise than in the ordinary course of
business, except as otherwise disclosed or reflected in other SEC Documents
prepared through or as of a date subsequent thereto, and the Company has not
received any communication from the SEC or the NASD regarding any possible
de-listing of the Company's Common Stock except as disclosed in the Company's
report on Form 10-Q for June 30, 1997 and subsequent related communications from
the NASD.
(h) No Undisclosed Events or Circumstances. No event or
circumstance has occurred or exists with respect to the Company or its
subsidiaries or their respective businesses, properties, prospects, operations
or financial condition, which, under applicable law, rule or regulation,
requires public disclosure or announcement by the Company but which has not been
so publicly announced or disclosed.
(i) No General Solicitation. Neither the Company, nor any of its
affiliates, or, to its knowledge, any person acting on its or their behalf
(including Xxxxxxxx Capital Corp. (the "Placement Agent")), has engaged in any
form of general solicitation or general advertising (within the meaning of
Regulation D under the Act) in connection with the offer or sale of the Shares.
(j) No Integrated Offering. Earlier offers or discussions
regarding possible sales of securities by the Company have not been such as to
require registration of the Shares under the Act.
(k) Approval Commitments. The Company has received binding
assurance from its chief executive officer, chief financial officer and its
directors and the only stockholder known to the Company that owns more than 5%
of the outstanding stock of the Company, to the effect that such persons will
vote all their shares in favor of such approval of the transactions contemplated
hereby as may be necessary to comply with any rule or regulation of the NASD or
any other regulatory agency.
(l) Lender Approvals. The Company has received all consents or
approvals from holders of its debt securities that are necessary to allow the
Company to redeem a portion of the Shares if so required pursuant to Schedule I
hereto.
Section II.2 Representations and Warranties of the Investor. The
Investor hereby makes the following representations and warranties to the
Company:
(a) Authorization, Enforcement. (i) Such Investor has the
requisite power and authority to enter into and perform this Agreement and to
purchase the Shares being sold hereunder, (ii) the execution and delivery of
this Agreement by the Investor and the consummation by it of the transactions
contemplated hereby have been duly authorized by all necessary corporate or
partnership action, and (iii) this Agreement constitutes a valid and binding
obligation of the Investor enforceable against the Investor in accordance with
its terms, except as such enforceability may be limited by applicable
bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium, liquidation or similar laws
relating to, or affecting generally the enforcement of, creditors' rights and
remedies or by other equitable principles of general application.
(b) No Conflicts. The execution, delivery and performance of this
Agreement and the consummation by the Investor of the transactions contemplated
hereby do not and will not (i) result in a violation of the Investor's charter
documents or By-Laws or (ii) conflict with any agreement, indenture or
instrument to which Investor is a party, or (iii) result in a violation of any
law, rule, or regulation, or any order, judgment or decree of any court or
governmental agency applicable to Investor. The business of the Investor is not
being conducted in violation of any law or regulation of any governmental
entity, except for possible violations which either singly or in the aggregate
do not and will not have a material adverse effect on the Investor. The Investor
is not required to obtain any consent or
8
authorization of any governmental agency in order for it to perform its
obligations under this Agreement. The data to be provided by the Investor in
connection with registering the Registrable Securities under the Act will be
true and correct in all material respects.
(c) Investment Representation. The Investor is purchasing the
Shares for its own account for investment and not with a view to distribution
otherwise than in compliance with the Act. Investor has no present intention to
sell the Shares and Investor has no present arrangement (whether or not legally
binding) to sell the Shares to or through any person or entity; provided,
however, that by making the representations herein, the Investor does not agree
to hold the Shares for any minimum or other specific term and reserves the right
to dispose of the Shares at any time in accordance with Federal and state
securities laws applicable to such disposition.
(d) Accredited Investor. The Investor is an accredited investor
as defined in Rule 501 promulgated under the Act. The Investor has such
knowledge and experience in financial and business matters in general, and
investments in particular, so that the Investor is able to evaluate the merits
and risks of an investment in the Shares and to protect its own interests in
connection with such investment. In addition (but without limiting the effect of
the Company's representations and warranties contained herein), the Investor has
received such information as it considers necessary or appropriate for deciding
whether to purchase the Shares pursuant hereto. The Investor acknowledges that
no representation or warranty is made by the Placement Agent or any persons
representing the Placement Agent with respect to the Company or sale of the
Shares.
(e) Rule 144. The Investor understands that there is no public
trading market for the Shares, that none is expected to develop, and that the
Shares must be held indefinitely unless such Shares or securities into which the
Shares are converted are registered under the Act or an exemption from
registration is available. The Investor has been advised or is aware of the
provisions of Rule 144 promulgated under the Act.
ARTICLE III
Covenants
Section III.1 Securities Compliance.
(a) The Company shall notify the SEC and NASD, in accordance with
their requirements, of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, and
shall take all other necessary action and proceedings as may be required and
permitted by applicable law, rule and regulation, for the legal and valid
issuance of the Shares and Common Stock issuable upon conversion thereof to the
Investor or subsequent holder.
(b) The Investor understands that the Shares are being offered
and sold in reliance on a transactional exemption from the registration
requirements of Federal and state securities laws and that the Company is
relying upon the truth and accuracy of the representations, warranties,
agreements, acknowledgments and understandings of the Investor set forth herein
in order to determine the applicability of such exemptions and the suitability
of the Investor to acquire the Shares.
Section III.2 Registration and Listing. Until one (1) year after all
Shares have been converted into Common Stock, the Company will cause its Common
Stock (or other securities into which the Shares are convertible) to continue to
be registered under Sections 12(b) or 12(g) of the Exchange Act, will comply in
all respects with its reporting and filing obligations under said act, will
comply with all requirements related to any registration statement filed
pursuant to this Agreement and will not take any action or file any document
(whether or not permitted by the Act or the Exchange Act or the rules
thereunder) to terminate or suspend such registration or to terminate or suspend
its reporting and filing obligations under said Acts, except as permitted
herein. Until one (1) year after all Shares have been converted into Common
Stock the Company will use its best efforts to continue the listing or trading
of its Common Stock (or other securities into which the Shares are convertible)
on the Nasdaq National Market or the Nasdaq Small Cap Market or a national
securities exchange and will comply in all respects with the Company's
reporting, filing and other obligations under the bylaws or rules of the NASD
and Nasdaq.
9
Section III.3 Stockholder Approval. The Company will use its best
efforts to promptly notice and hold a stockholders meeting as soon as reasonably
practicable to obtain any stockholder approvals required by the Company
(including those required by all applicable agreements between the Company and
the NASD or Nasdaq) to allow for issuance of Common Stock upon conversion of the
Shares.
Section III.4 Sale Restrictions. Following conversion of the Shares into
Common Stock of the Company, Investor will not on any trading day offer or sell
publicly on NASDAQ or on the principal exchange on which the Common Stock is
traded, or any other securities market or securities exchange, on a net basis,
more than the following number of such shares of Common Stock: the greatest of
(i) 10% of the average daily trading volume of the Common Stock for the five
trading days immediately preceding such sale as reported by NASDAQ or by such
principal exchange, (ii) 12,000 shares, or (iii) 10% of the trading volume for
the Common Stock on such day, as reported by NASDAQ or by such principal
exchange. This provision shall survive the final conversion date of the Shares.
Section III.5 Conversion Rights. Investor shall not be entitled to
convert any Share into Common Stock of the Company if following conversion of
such Share the Investor and its affiliates (within the meaning of the Exchange
Act) shall be the beneficial owners (as defined in Rule 13d-3 under the Exchange
Act) of 10% or more of the Common Stock of the Company, or if a lesser
percentage is set forth after the name of the Investor on the signature page
hereof, such lesser percentage. The provisions of this Section cannot be
amended.
Section III.6 Hedging Restrictions. Investor agrees not to engage in any
short sales, swaps, purchasing of puts, or other hedging activities that involve
the direct or indirect use of the Common Stock or any derivative securities
based on Common Stock to hedge its investment in the Shares. This Section shall
not apply to transactions in which Investor has no beneficial interest made on
behalf of third-party clients who are not holders of Shares.
Section III.7 Notice of Conversion Cap. No later than 10 days after the
end of the 15th full calendar month after the Closing Date the Company will
deliver notice to the Investor specifying the amount of the then applicable
Conversion Cap (as defined in Schedule I hereto) and the calculation thereof.
ARTICLE IV
Conditions
Section IV.1 Conditions Precedent to the Obligation of the Company to
Sell the Shares. The obligation hereunder of the Company to issue and/or sell
the Shares to the Investor is subject to the satisfaction, at or before the
Closing, of each of the conditions set forth below. These conditions are for the
Company's sole benefit and may be waived by the Company at any time in its sole
discretion.
(a) Accuracy of the Investor's Representations and Warranties.
The representations and warranties of the Investor shall be true and correct in
all material respects when made and as of the Closing Date.
(b) Performance by the Investor. The Investor shall have
performed all agreements and satisfied all conditions required to be performed
or satisfied by the Investor at or prior to the Closing.
(c) No Injunction. No statute, rule, regulation, executive order,
decree, ruling or injunction shall have been enacted, entered, promulgated or
endorsed by any court or governmental authority of competent jurisdiction which
prohibits the consummation of any of the transactions contemplated by this
Agreement.
Section IV.2 Conditions Precedent to the Obligation of the Investor to
Purchase the Shares. The obligation hereunder of the Investor to acquire and pay
for the Shares is subject to the satisfaction, at or before the Closing, of each
of the conditions set forth below. These conditions are for the Investor's sole
benefit and may be waived by the Investor at any time in its sole discretion.
10
(a) Accuracy of the Company's Representations and Warranties. The
representations and warranties of the Company shall be true and correct in all
material respects as of the date when made and as of the Closing Date as though
made at that time (except for representations and warranties that speak as of a
particular date).
(b) Performance by the Company. The Company shall have performed
all agreements and satisfied all conditions required to be performed or
satisfied by the Company at or prior to the Closing.
(c) Nasdaq. The Company's Common Stock shall be listed and trade
on the Nasdaq National Market on the Closing Date.
(d) No Injunction. No statute, rule, regulation, executive order,
decree, ruling or injunction shall have been enacted, entered, promulgated or
endorsed by any court or governmental authority of competent jurisdiction which
prohibits the consummation of any of the transactions contemplated by this
Agreement.
(e) Opinion of Counsel, Etc. At the Closing the Investor shall
have received an opinion of counsel to the Company (who may be in-house counsel)
in the form attached hereto, and such other certificates and documents as the
Investor or its counsel shall reasonably require incident to the Closing.
ARTICLE V
Legend on Stock
Each certificate representing the Shares and, if appropriate, securities
issued upon conversion thereof, shall be stamped or otherwise imprinted with a
legend substantially in the following form:
THESE SECURITIES HAVE NOT BEEN REGISTERED UNDER THE SECURITIES
ACT OF 1933 OR ANY STATE SECURITIES LAWS. THEY MAY NOT BE SOLD OR
OFFERED FOR SALE EXCEPT PURSUANT TO AN EFFECTIVE REGISTRATION
STATEMENT UNDER SAID ACT AND ANY APPLICABLE STATE SECURITIES LAW
OR AN APPLICABLE EXEMPTION FROM SUCH REGISTRATION REQUIREMENTS.
The Company agrees to reissue certificates representing the Shares or,
if applicable, the securities issued upon conversion thereof without the legend
set forth above at such time as (i) in the opinion of counsel to the holder, the
holder thereof is permitted to dispose of such Shares (or securities issued upon
conversion thereof) pursuant to Rule 144 under the Act, (ii) the securities are
sold to a purchaser or purchasers who (in the opinion of counsel to such
purchasers, in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Company and its
counsel) are able to dispose of such shares publicly without registration under
the Act, or (iii) such securities are included in an effective registration
statement under the Act.
ARTICLE VI
Termination
Section VI.1 Termination by Mutual Consent. This Agreement may be
terminated at any time prior to the Closing by the mutual written consent of the
Company and the Investor.
Section VI.2 Other Termination. This Agreement may be terminated by
action of the Board of Directors or other governing body of the Investor or the
Company at any time if the Closing shall not have been consummated by the fifth
business day following the date of this Agreement and in no event later than
September 30, 1997.
Section VI.3 Automatic Termination. This Agreement shall automatically
terminate without any further action of either party hereto if the Closing shall
not have occurred by the tenth business day following the date of this
Agreement.
11
ARTICLE VII
Miscellaneous
Section VII.1 Fees and Expenses. Except as otherwise set forth in
Section 1.4 hereof, each party shall pay the fees and expenses of its advisers,
counsel, accountants and other experts, if any, and all other expenses incurred
by such party incident to the negotiation, preparation, execution, delivery and
performance of this Agreement. The Company will compensate the Placement Agent
and will indemnify it against certain liabilities. The Placement Agent's
compensation includes a cash payment in an amount equal to 8.7% of the Purchase
Price of Shares sold by the Company, and the issuance of warrants to the
Placement Agent to purchase that number of Shares equal to 10% of the number of
Shares sold. The Company shall pay all stamp and other taxes and duties levied
in connection with the issuance of the Shares pursuant hereto.
Section VII.2 Specific Enforcement, Consent to Jurisdiction.
(a) The Company and the Investor acknowledge and agree that
irreparable damage would occur in the event that any of the provisions of this
Agreement were not performed in accordance with their specific terms or were
otherwise breached. It is accordingly agreed that the parties shall be entitled
to an injunction or injunctions to prevent or cure breaches of the provisions of
this Agreement and to enforce specifically the terms and provisions hereof, this
being in addition to any other remedy to which either of them may be entitled by
law or equity.
(b) Each of the Company and the Investor (i) hereby irrevocably
submits to the jurisdiction of the United States District Court and other courts
of the United States sitting in New York for the purposes of any suit, action or
proceeding arising out of or relating to this Agreement and (ii) hereby waives,
and agrees not to assert in any such suit, action or proceeding, any claim that
it is not personally subject to the jurisdiction of such court, that the suit,
action or proceeding is brought in an inconvenient forum or that the venue of
the suit, action or proceeding is improper. Each of the Company and the Investor
consents to process being served in any such suit, action or proceeding by
mailing a copy thereof to such party at the address in effect for notices to it
under this Agreement and agrees that such service shall constitute good and
sufficient service of process and notice thereof. Nothing in this paragraph
shall affect or limit any right to serve process in any other manner permitted
by law.
Section VII.3 Entire Agreement: Amendment. This Agreement contains the
entire understanding of the parties with respect to the matters covered hereby
and, except as specifically set forth herein, neither the Company nor the
Investor makes any representation, warranty, covenant or undertaking with
respect to such matters. No provision of this Agreement may be waived or amended
other than by a written instrument signed by the party against whom enforcement
of any such amendment or waiver is sought.
Section VII.4 Notices. Any notice or other communication required or
permitted to be given hereunder shall be in writing and shall be effective (a)
upon hand delivery or delivery by telex (with correct answer back received),
telecopy or facsimile at the address or number designated below (if delivered on
a business day during normal business hours where such notice is to be
received), or the first business day following such delivery (if delivered other
than on a business day during normal business hours where such notice is to be
received) or (b) on the second business day following the date of mailing by
express courier service, fully prepaid, addressed to such address, or upon
actual receipt of such mailing, whichever shall first occur. The addresses for
such communications shall be:
to the Company: Xxxxx X. Xxxxxxxxx, President
Interleaf, Inc.
00 Xxxxxx Xxxxxx
Xxxxxxx, XX 00000
Fax: (000) 000-0000
12
with a copy to: Xxxx Xxxxxx, Esq.
Peabody & Xxxxxx
00 Xxxxx Xxxxx
Xxxxxx, XX 02110-21253342
Fax: (000) 000-0000
to the Investor: At the address set forth at the foot of
this Agreement, with copies to Investor's
counsel as set forth at the foot of this
Agreement or as specified in writing by
Investor
with a copy to: Xxxxxx X. Xxxxxxxx
Xxxxxxxx Capital Corp.
0000 Xxxxx Xxxxxx, Xxxxx 000
Xxxxx Xxxxxx, Xxxxxxxxxx 00000
Fax: (000) 000-0000
Any party hereto may from time to time change its address for notices by giving
at least 10 days' written notice of such changed address to the other party
hereto.
Section VII.5 Waivers. No waiver by either party of any default with
respect to any provision, condition or requirement of this Agreement shall be
deemed to be a continuing waiver in the future or a waiver of any other
provision, condition or requirement hereof, nor shall any delay or omission of
either party to exercise any right hereunder in any manner impair the exercise
of any such right accruing to it thereafter.
Section VII.6 Headings. The headings herein are for convenience only, do
not constitute a part of this Agreement and shall not be deemed to limit or
affect any of the provisions hereof.
Section VII.7 Successors and Assigns. Except as otherwise provided
herein, this Agreement shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the
parties and their successors and assigns. The parties hereto may amend this
Agreement without notice to or the consent of any third party.
Section VII.8 No Third Party Beneficiaries. This Agreement is intended
for the benefit of the parties hereto and their respective permitted successors
and assigns and is not for the benefit of, nor may any provision hereof be
enforced by, any other person.
Section VII.9 Governing Law. This Agreement shall be governed by and
construed and enforced in accordance with the internal laws of New York without
regard to such state's principles of conflict of laws.
Section VII.10 Survival. The representations and warranties of the
Company and the Investor contained in Article II and the agreements and
covenants set forth in Articles I, III, V and VII shall survive the Closing for
five years.
Section VII.11 Execution. This Agreement may be executed in two or more
counterparts, all of which shall be considered one and the same agreement and
shall become effective when counterparts have been signed by each party and
delivered to the other party, it being understood that both parties need not
sign the same counterpart. In the event any signature is delivered by facsimile
transmission, the party using such means of delivery shall cause the manually
executed signature page(s) to be physically delivered to the other party within
five days of the execution hereof.
Section VII.12 Publicity. The Company agrees that it will not disclose,
and will not include in any public announcement, the name of the Investor
without its consent, unless and until such disclosure is required by law or
applicable regulation, and then only to the extent of such requirement.
13
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Agreement to be
duly executed by their respective authorized officers as of the date hereof.
INTERLEAF, INC.
By:
----------------------------
Name: Xxxxx X. Xxxxxxxxx
Its: President
Number of Shares THE INVESTOR:
By:
----------------- -----------------------------
Name:
Dollar Amount at Its:
$1,000 per share Investor's address:
$ Percentage limitation,
----------------- if desired
------------
Name and address of
Investor's counsel:
14
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Agreement to be
duly executed by their respective authorized officers as of the date hereof.
INTERLEAF, INC.
By:
----------------------------
Name: Xxxxx X. Xxxxxxxxx
Its: President
Number of Shares THE INVESTOR: PROFUTURES SPECIAL EQUITY
FUNDS, L.P.
By: Profutures Fund Management, Inc.
a General Partner
125 By:
----------------- -----------------------------
Name: Xxxx X. Xxxxxxx
Dollar Amount at Its: President
$1,000 per share Investor's address:
0000 Xxxxxxx 000 Xxxxx, Xxxxx 000
$ 125,000
----------------- Percentage limitation, if desired: None
-------
Name and address of Investor's counsel:
Xxxx X. Xxxx
Fishman, Jones, Xxxxx & Xxxxx, P.C.
0000 Xxxxxxx 000 Xxxxx, Xxxxx 000
Xxxxxx, XX 00000
15
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Agreement to be
duly executed by their respective authorized officers as of the date hereof.
INTERLEAF, INC.
By:
----------------------------
Name: Xxxxx X. Xxxxxxxxx
Its: President
Number of Shares THE INVESTOR:
50 By:
----------------- -----------------------------
Name: Xxxxxx X. Xxxxxxx
Dollar Amount at Its:
$1,000 per share Investor's address: 0000 Xxxxx Xxx, #000
Xxxxx Xxxxxx, XX 00000
$ 50,000 Percentage limitation, if desired 5%.
------------- -----
Name and address of Investor's counsel:
16
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Agreement to be
duly executed by their respective authorized officers as of the date hereof.
INTERLEAF, INC.
By:
----------------------------
Name: Xxxxx X. Xxxxxxxxx
Its: President
Number of Shares THE INVESTOR:
50 By:
----------------- -----------------------------
Name: Xxxxx X. Xxxxxxx
Dollar Amount at Its:
$1,000 per share Investor's address: 0000 Xxxxx Xxx, #000
Xxxxx Xxxxxx, XX 00000
$ 50,000 Percentage limitation, if desired 5%.
------------- -----
Name and address of Investor's counsel:
17
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Agreement to be
duly executed by their respective authorized officers as of the date hereof.
INTERLEAF, INC.
By:
----------------------------
Name: Xxxxx X. Xxxxxxxxx
Its: President
Number of Shares THE INVESTOR: Xxxxxxxxxx X. Xxxxxx Trust
150 By:
----------------- -----------------------------
Name: Xxxxxxxxxx X. Xxxxxx
Dollar Amount at Its: Trustee
$1,000 per share Investor's address: 00000 Xxxxxx Xxxxxxx
Xxxxxx Xxxxx Xx, XX 00000
$ 150,000 Percentage limitation, if desired
------------- -----
Name and address of Investor's counsel:
18
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Agreement to be
duly executed by their respective authorized officers as of the date hereof.
INTERLEAF, INC.
By:
----------------------------
Name: Xxxxx X. Xxxxxxxxx
Its: President
Number of Shares THE INVESTOR:
100 By:
----------------- -----------------------------
Name: Xxxxxxxx Xxxxxx
Dollar Amount at Its:
$1,000 per share Investor's address:
$ 100,000 Percentage limitation, if desired ___.
-------------
Name and address of Investor's counsel:
19
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Agreement to be
duly executed by their respective authorized officers as of the date hereof.
INTERLEAF, INC.
By:
----------------------------
Name: Xxxxx X. Xxxxxxxxx
Its: President
Number of Shares THE INVESTOR:
25 By:
----------------- -----------------------------
Name: Xxxxx Xxxxxx
Dollar Amount at Its:
$1,000 per share Investor's address: 000 Xxxx 00xx Xxxxxx
Xxx Xxxx, XX 1016
$ 25,000 Percentage limitation, if desired
-------------
Name and address of Investor's counsel:
20
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Agreement to be
duly executed by their respective authorized officers as of the date hereof.
INTERLEAF, INC.
By:
----------------------------
Name: Xxxxx X. Xxxxxxxxx
Its: President
Number of Shares THE INVESTOR: NY - DBL Diamond Group
100 By:
----------------- -----------------------------
Name: Xxxxxxxx X. Xxxxxxxxx
Dollar Amount at Its: Partner
$1,000 per share Investor's address:
000 Xxxxxxxxxx Xxxxx Xxxxxxx,
Xxxxx 000
Xxxxxxxxx, XX 00000
$ 100,000 Percentage limitation, if desired 4.99%.
------------- -------
Name and address of Investor's counsel:
21
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Agreement to be
duly executed by their respective authorized officers as of the date hereof.
INTERLEAF, INC.
By:
----------------------------
Name: Xxxxx X. Xxxxxxxxx
Its: President
Number of Shares THE INVESTOR:
200 By:
----------------- -----------------------------
Name: Laredo Capital Partners
Dollar Amount at Its:
$1,000 per share Investor's address:
000 Xxxxxxxxxx Xxxxx Xxxxxxx,
Xxxxx 000
Xxxxxxxxx, XX 00000
$200,000 Percentage limitation, if desired ___.
-------------
Name and address of Investor's counsel:
22
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Agreement to be
duly executed by their respective authorized officers as of the date hereof.
INTERLEAF, INC.
By:
----------------------------
Name: Xxxxx X. Xxxxxxxxx
Its: President
Number of Shares THE INVESTOR:
1,500 By:
----------------- -----------------------------
Name: SIL Nominees Ltd.
Dollar Amount at Its:
$1,000 per share Investor's address: X.X. Xxx 0000
Xxxxxxx 0000
Xxxxx Xxxxxx
Deliver Certificate to:
Xxxxx Capital Corp.
0000 Xxxxxxx Xxxx Xxxx
Xxxxx 0000
Xxx Xxxxxxx, XX 00000
Attn: Xxxxx X. Xxxxx
$1,500,000 Percentage limitation, if desired ___.
-------------
Name and address of Investor's counsel:
23
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Agreement to be
duly executed by their respective authorized officers as of the date hereof.
INTERLEAF, INC.
By:
----------------------------
Name: Xxxxx X. Xxxxxxxxx
Its: President
Number of Shares THE INVESTOR:
450 By:
----------------- -----------------------------
Name: Xxxxxx Partners
Dollar Amount at Its:
$1,000 per share Investor's address:
c/o Citadel Investment Group, L.L.C.
000 Xxxx Xxxxxxxxxx Xxxxxx
0xx Xxxxx
Xxxxxxx, XX 00000
Deliver Certificate to:
Attn: Xxxx Xxxxx
000 Xxxxx Xxxxxx
Xxxxxxxx XX-12
Bermuda
$450,000 Percentage limitation, if desired ___.
-------------
Name and address of Investor's counsel:
24
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Agreement to be
duly executed by their respective authorized officers as of the date hereof.
INTERLEAF, INC.
By:
----------------------------
Name: Xxxxx X. Xxxxxxxxx
Its: President
Number of Shares THE INVESTOR:
550 By:
----------------- -----------------------------
Name: Olympus Securities, Ltd.
Dollar Amount at Its:
$1,000 per share Investor's address:
c/o Citadel Investment Group, L.L.C.
000 Xxxx Xxxxxxxxxx Xxxxxx
0xx Xxxxx
Xxxxxxx, XX 00000
Deliver Certificate to:
Attn: Xxxx Xxxxx
000 Xxxxx Xxxxxx
Xxxxxxxx XX-12
Bermuda
$550,000 Percentage limitation, if desired ___.
-------------
Name and address of Investor's counsel:
25
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Agreement to be
duly executed by their respective authorized officers as of the date hereof.
INTERLEAF, INC.
By:
----------------------------
Name: Xxxxx X. Xxxxxxxxx
Its: President
Number of Shares THE INVESTOR:
50 By:
----------------- -----------------------------
Name: Xxxxxxx X. Xxxxx
Dollar Amount at Its:
$1,000 per share Investor's address:
000 X. Xxxxx Xxxxx
Xxxxxxxx Xxxxx, XX 00000
$50,000 Percentage limitation, if desired ___.
-------------
Name and address of Investor's counsel:
26
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Agreement to be
duly executed by their respective authorized officers as of the date hereof.
INTERLEAF, INC.
By:
----------------------------
Name: Xxxxx X. Xxxxxxxxx
Its: President
Number of Shares THE INVESTOR:
500 By:
----------------- -----------------------------
Name: The Tail Wind Fund Ltd.
Dollar Amount at Its:
$1,000 per share Investor's address:
c/o EASI
0xx Xxxxx, 0 Xxxxxx Xxxxxx
Xxxxxx XX0X 0XX
Xxxxxx Xxxxxxx
Attn: X.X. Xxxxx
Deliver Certificate to:
The Tail Wind Fund
Windemere House
000 X. Xxx Xxxxxx
Xxxxxx, Xxxxxxx
Attn: S. Pletsher
$500,000 Percentage limitation, if desired ___.
-------------
Name and address of Investor's counsel:
27
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Agreement to be
duly executed by their respective authorized officers as of the date hereof.
INTERLEAF, INC.
By:
----------------------------
Name: Xxxxx X. Xxxxxxxxx
Its: President
Number of Shares THE INVESTOR:
500 By:
----------------- -----------------------------
Name: Deere Park Mgmt. Inc.
Dollar Amount at Its:
$1,000 per share Investor's address:
000 Xxxxxx Xxxx, Xxxxx 000
Xxxxxxxxxx, XX 00000
$500,000 Percentage limitation, if desired ___.
-------------
Name and address of Investor's counsel:
28
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Agreement to be
duly executed by their respective authorized officers as of the date hereof.
INTERLEAF, INC.
By:
----------------------------
Name: Xxxxx X. Xxxxxxxxx
Its: President
Number of Shares THE INVESTOR:
200 By:
----------------- -----------------------------
Name: Hick Investments, Ltd.
Dollar Amount at Its:
$1,000 per share Investor's address:
c/o Xxxxxx, Xxxxxx & Co., L.P.
000 Xxxx Xxxxxx, 00xx Xxxxx
Xxx Xxxx, XX 00000
$200,000 Percentage limitation, if desired .
------------- -------
Name and address of Investor's counsel:
29
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Agreement to be
duly executed by their respective authorized officers as of the date hereof.
INTERLEAF, INC.
By:
----------------------------
Name: Xxxxx X. Xxxxxxxxx
Its: President
Number of Shares THE INVESTOR:
400 By:
----------------- -----------------------------
Name: Ramius Fund, Ltd.
Dollar Amount at Its:
$1,000 per share Investor's address:
Ramius Fund, Ltd.
c/o Xxxxxx, Xxxxxx & Co., L.P.
000 Xxxx Xxxxxx, 00xx Xxxxx
Xxx Xxxx, XX
$400,000 Percentage limitation, if desired ____.
-------------
Name and address of Investor's counsel:
30
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Agreement to be
duly executed by their respective authorized officers as of the date hereof.
INTERLEAF, INC.
By:
----------------------------
Name: Xxxxx X. Xxxxxxxxx
Its: President
Number of Shares THE INVESTOR:
300 By:
----------------- -----------------------------
Name: Raphael, L.P.
Dollar Amount at Its:
$1,000 per share Investor's address:
Raphael, L.P.
c/o Xxxxxx, Xxxxxx & Co., L.P.
000 Xxxx Xxxxxx, 00xx Xxxxx
Xxx Xxxx, XX
$300,000 Percentage limitation, if desired ___.
-------------
Name and address of Investor's counsel:
31
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Agreement to be
duly executed by their respective authorized officers as of the date hereof.
INTERLEAF, INC.
By:
----------------------------
Name: Xxxxx X. Xxxxxxxxx
Its: President
Number of Shares THE INVESTOR:
75 By:
----------------- -----------------------------
Name: AG Super Fund
International Partners, L.P.
Dollar Amount at Its:
$1,000 per share Investor's address:
AG Super Fund
International Partners, L.P.
c/o Xxxxxx, Xxxxxx & Co., L.P.
000 Xxxx Xxxxxx, 00xx Xxxxx
Xxx Xxxx, XX 00000
$75,000 Percentage limitation, if desired ___.
-------------
Name and address of Investor's counsel:
32
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Agreement to be
duly executed by their respective authorized officers as of the date hereof.
INTERLEAF, INC.
By:
----------------------------
Name: Xxxxx X. Xxxxxxxxx
Its: President
Number of Shares THE INVESTOR:
75 By:
----------------- -----------------------------
Name: GAM Artbitrage Investments, Inc.
Dollar Amount at Its:
$1,000 per share Investor's address:
GAM Artbitrage Investments, Inc.
c/o Xxxxxx, Xxxxxx & Co., L.P.
000 Xxxx Xxxxxx, 00xx Xxxxx
Xxx Xxxx, XX 00000
$75,000 Percentage limitation, if desired ___.
-------------
Name and address of Investor's counsel:
33
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Agreement to be
duly executed by their respective authorized officers as of the date hereof.
INTERLEAF, INC.
By:
----------------------------
Name: Xxxxx X. Xxxxxxxxx
Its: President
Number of Shares THE INVESTOR:
950 By:
----------------- -----------------------------
Name: Xxxxxxxx, L.P.
Dollar Amount at Its:
$1,000 per share Investor's address:
Xxxxxxxx, L.P.
c/o Xxxxxx, Xxxxxx & Co., L.P.
000 Xxxx Xxxxxx, 00xx Xxxxx
Xxx Xxxx, XX 00000
$950,000 Percentage limitation, if desired ___.
-------------
Name and address of Investor's counsel:
34
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Agreement to be
duly executed by their respective authorized officers as of the date hereof.
INTERLEAF, INC.
By:
----------------------------
Name: Xxxxx X. Xxxxxxxxx
Its: President
Number of Shares THE INVESTOR:
500 By:
----------------- -----------------------------
Name: Lakeshore International Ltd.
Dollar Amount at Its:
$1,000 per share Investor's address:
Lakeshore International Ltd.
c/o Global Capital Management
000 Xxxxxxx Xxxxxxx, Xxxxx 000
Xxxxxxxxxx, XX 00000
$500,000 Percentage limitation, if desired ___.
-------------
Name and address of Investor's counsel:
35
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Agreement to be
duly executed by their respective authorized officers as of the date hereof.
INTERLEAF, INC.
By:
----------------------------
Name: Xxxxx X. Xxxxxxxxx
Its: President
Number of Shares THE INVESTOR:
250 By:
----------------- -----------------------------
Name: Xxxx X. Xxxxx, Xx.
Dollar Amount at Its:
$1,000 per share Investor's address:
Xxxx X. Xxxxx, Xx.
0000 X. Xxxxxxx Xxxx.
Xxxxx 0000
Xxx Xxxxxxx, XX 00000
$250,000 Percentage limitation, if desired ___.
-------------
Name and address of Investor's counsel:
36
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Agreement to be
duly executed by their respective authorized officers as of the date hereof.
INTERLEAF, INC.
By:
----------------------------
Name: Xxxxx X. Xxxxxxxxx
Its: President
Number of Shares THE INVESTOR:
25 By:
----------------- -----------------------------
Name: Xxxx X. Xxxxxxxx, Xx.
Dollar Amount at Its:
$1,000 per share Investor's address:
Xxxx X. Xxxxxxxx, Xx.
0000 Xxxxxx Xxxx Xxx.
Xxx Xxxxxxx, XX 00000
$25,000 Percentage limitation, if desired ___.
-------------
Name and address of Investor's counsel:
37
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Agreement to be
duly executed by their respective authorized officers as of the date hereof.
INTERLEAF, INC.
By:
----------------------------
Name: Xxxxx X. Xxxxxxxxx
Its: President
Number of Shares THE INVESTOR:
500 By:
----------------- -----------------------------
Name: Xxxxx Xxxxxxx, Trustee
Xxxxxxx Family Trust
Dollar Amount at Its:
$1,000 per share Investor's address:
Xxxxxxx Family Trust
UTD 12/18/90
00000 Xxxxxxxx Xxxx.
Xxxxx 0000
Xxx Xxxxxxx, XX 00000
$500,000 Percentage limitation, if desired ___.
-------------
Name and address of Investor's counsel:
38
SCHEDULE I
RESOLUTION ESTABLISHING PREFERENCES
of
6% CONVERTIBLE PREFERRED STOCK
RESOLVED that there shall be a series of shares of the Preferred
Stock of the Corporation designated "6% Convertible Preferred Stock"; that the
number of authorized shares of such series shall be 11,000 and that the rights
and preferences of such series (the "6% Preferred") and the limitations or
restrictions thereon, shall be as follows:
1. Dividends.
(a) The holders of the 6% Preferred shall be entitled to receive out
of any assets legally available therefor cumulative dividends at the rate of
$60.00 per share per annum, payable annually on September 30 of each year, when
and as declared by the Board of Directors, in preference and priority to any
payment of any dividend on the Common Stock or any other class or series of
stock of the Corporation ranking junior to the 6% Preferred and ranking pari
passu with the Class C Preferred Stock of the Corporation. Such dividends shall
accrue on any given share from the day of original issuance of such share and
shall accrue from day to day whether or not earned or declared. If at any time
dividends on the outstanding 6% Preferred at the rate set forth above shall not
have been paid or declared and set apart for payment with respect to all
preceding periods, the amount of the deficiency shall be fully paid or declared
and set apart for payment, but without interest, before any distribution,
whether by way of dividend or otherwise, shall be declared or paid upon or set
apart for the shares of any other class or series of stock of the Corporation
except a class or series which is entitled to priority over the 6% Preferred.
(b) Dividends shall be paid in shares of 6% Preferred valued at
$1,000 per share. Dividends not theretofore paid shall be paid upon conversion
of any share of the 6% Preferred and shall be simultaneously converted into
Common Stock together with the share on which such dividends have accrued.
(c) At its option, the Corporation may elect to pay accumulated
dividends in cash. The Corporation must give notice of such election in the
manner provided in Section 5 hereof at least ten (10) calendar days prior to
both the date of payment and the date Notice of Conversion is given by a holder.
The Corporation may choose the cash election any number of times and each such
election may be effective for any length of time established by the Corporation
and stated in its notice of the election.
2. Liquidation Preference.
(a) The liquidation rights of the 6% Preferred shall rank pari passu
with the Class C Preferred Stock of the Corporation. In the event of any
liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the Corporation, either voluntary or
involuntary, the holders of the 6% Preferred shall be entitled to receive, prior
and in preference to any distribution of any assets of the Corporation to the
holders of the Common Stock or any other class or series of shares except any
class or series which is entitled to priority over the 6% Preferred and except
for ratable distribution to the Class C Preferred Stock, the amount of $1,000
per share plus any accrued but unpaid dividends plus any amounts accrued but
unpaid under Section 1.4(b)(iv) of the Preferred Stock Investment Agreement
under which shares of the 6% Preferred were originally issued (the "Liquidation
Preference").
(b) Subject to the last sentence of this Section, a consolidation or
merger of the Corporation with or into any other corporation or corporations, or
a sale of all or substantially all of the assets of the Corporation, shall, at
the option of the holders of the 6% Preferred, be deemed a liquidation,
dissolution or winding up within the
39
meaning of this Section 2 if the shares of stock of the Corporation (along with
all derivative securities) outstanding immediately prior to such transaction
represent immediately after such transaction less than a majority of the voting
power of the surviving corporation (or of the acquirer of the Corporation's
assets in the case of a sale of assets). Such option may be exercised by the
vote or written consent of holders of a majority of the 6% Preferred at any time
within thirty calendar days after written notice of the essential terms of such
transaction shall have been given to the holders of the 6% Preferred as provided
in Section 5 hereof. Such notice shall be given by the Corporation immediately
following determination of such essential terms. If such option is exercised,
the holders of the 6% Preferred shall be entitled to receive, in cash,
immediately upon the occurrence of such transaction, an amount per share equal
to the Liquidation Preference divided by the difference between 100% and the
Applicable Percentage determined pursuant to Section 4 hereof. This Section
shall not apply to a business combination in which the Common Stock of the
Corporation is converted solely into or exchanged solely for voting common stock
of the corporation surviving such business combination, if (i) such common stock
of the surviving corporation is listed and traded on the NASDAQ National Market,
the American Stock Exchange or the New York Stock Exchange, and (ii) the Board
of Directors of the Corporation determines in good faith that the conversion
rights and other rights and preferences of the 6% Preferred are preserved and
not rendered of less value by the terms of such business combination.
3. Mandatory Conversion.
On the fifth anniversary of the date of issuance, all then
outstanding shares of 6% Preferred shall be automatically converted into Common
Stock at the Conversion Price on such anniversary date and otherwise pursuant to
the applicable provisions set forth in Section 4 hereof.
4. Conversion. The holders of the 6% Preferred shall have optional
conversion rights as follows:
(a) Accrual of Conversion Rights. The Conversion Period shall
commence 90 days after the date of issuance, and shall continue thereafter for
the life of the issue. Each holder of record of 6% Preferred shares on the date
of commencement of the Conversion Period (an "Original Holder") shall be
entitled to convert in any calendar month the following percentage of the 6%
Preferred shares held by such holder on the date of commencement of the
Conversion Period (the "Conversion Restriction"). The percentage for each
calendar month will be determined based on the highest of the daily low trading
prices of the Common Stock during such month, as follows:
Highest of daily low trading Percentage becoming
prices during month convertible for such month
$2.50 or less 10.0%
$2.51 to $3.50 10.0%
$3.51 to $4.00 12.5%
$4.01 to $5.50 15.0%
$5.51 to $6.00 17.5%
$6.01 to $7.50 20.0%
$7.51 to $8.50 22.5%
$8.51 or more 25.0%
The number of shares which may be converted in any calendar month shall include
on a cumulative basis the number of shares which might have been but were not
converted during earlier calendar months, except that in any month in which the
highest of the daily low trading prices is $2.50 or less, the amount converted
shall not exceed 10%. In the case of transfers of shares by an Original Holder
the Corporation shall make such notations on its stock ownership records and on
the certificates for shares issued upon transfer so as to reflect the portion
(if any) of the transferred shares which have become convertible pursuant to
this provision, or the Corporation may at its election issue certificates
representing the 6% Preferred shares in such form, or with such annotations, as
to reflect the time or times at which the shares represented by such
certificates will become convertible.
(b) Removal of Limitations. The limitations set forth in Section
4(a) hereof, with respect to the percentage of 6% Preferred shares which may be
converted during certain time periods, shall terminate and all the 6% Preferred
shares shall thereafter be fully convertible if any of the following events or
conditions shall occur or exist: (i)
40
an event described in Section 2(b) (subject to the exclusion in the last
sentence of such Section) shall occur, whether or not the holders of 6%
Preferred deem such event to be a liquidation; (ii) proceedings for relief under
any bankruptcy or similar law for the relief of debtors are instituted by or
against the Corporation or any of its significant subsidiaries and, if
instituted against the Corporation or such subsidiary, are consented to or not
dismissed within 30 days; (iii) the independent auditors of the Corporation
shall fail or be unwilling to express within 90 days after the end of the
Corporation's fiscal year a customary opinion on the financial statements of the
Corporation, or shall express such opinion subject to a "going concern"
qualification; (iv) the Common Stock of the Corporation shall cease to be listed
on either the NASDAQ Small-Cap Market, the NASDAQ National Market, or a national
securities exchange; or (v) there shall be a material breach by the Corporation
of any of its obligations hereunder or under the Preferred Stock Investment
Agreements pursuant to which the 6% Preferred was originally issued which has a
material adverse effect on the holders of 6% Preferred.
(c) Right to Convert. At and after the time it has become
convertible, each share of 6% Preferred shall be convertible, at the option of
the holder thereof, into such number of fully paid and nonassessable shares of
Common Stock as is determined by dividing (i) the liquidation preference of the
6% Preferred share determined pursuant to Section 2(a) hereof on the date the
notice of conversion is given, by (ii) the Conversion Price determined as
hereinafter provided in effect on said date, provided however, that a share of
6% Preferred shall not be converted into Common Stock if following such
conversion the holder thereof together with affiliates of such holder would be
the beneficial owners (as defined in Rule 13d-3 under the Securities Exchange
Act of 1934) of 10% or more of the Common Stock of the Corporation.
(d) Mechanics of Conversion. To convert shares of 6% Preferred into
shares of Common Stock, the holder shall give written notice to the Corporation
(which notice may be given by facsimile transmission) that such holder elects to
convert the same and shall state therein the number of shares to be converted
and the name or names in which such holder wishes the certificate or
certificates for shares of Common Stock to be issued. Promptly thereafter the
holder shall surrender the certificate or certificates representing the shares
to be converted, duly endorsed, at the office of the Corporation or of any
transfer agent for such shares, or at such other place designated by the
Corporation. The Corporation shall, immediately upon receipt of such notice,
issue and deliver to or upon the order of such holder, against delivery of the
certificates representing the shares which have been converted, a certificate or
certificates for the number of shares of Common Stock to which such holder shall
be entitled, and a certificate representing the shares of 6% Preferred not so
converted, if any. The Corporation shall effect such issuance immediately and
shall transmit the certificates by messenger or overnight delivery service to
reach the address designated by such holder within three trading days after the
receipt of such notice. Notice of conversion may be given by a holder at any
time of day up to 5:00 pm Los Angeles time, and such conversion shall be deemed
to have been made immediately prior to the close of business on the date such
notice of conversion is given (the "Conversion Date"). The person or persons
entitled to receive the shares of Common Stock issuable upon such conversion
shall be treated for all purposes as the record holder or holders of such shares
of Common Stock at the close of business on the Conversion Date.
(e) Determination of Conversion Price.
(i) On any Conversion Date prior to the first day of the
thirteenth calendar month after the Closing, the Conversion Price shall not be
less than $1.50, and until the end of the seventh month following the Closing
the Conversion Price shall be $5.50. Subject to the foregoing sentence and to
the provisions of subsection (e)(iii) and subsection (f) of this Section, on any
Conversion Date, the Conversion Price shall be the average of the three (3)
lowest daily trading prices of the Common Stock for the 22 consecutive trading
days ending with the trading day prior to the Conversion Date, reduced by the
Applicable Percentage (as defined below) in effect on the Conversion Date.
(ii) The Applicable Percentage shall be as follows:
9.8% starting on the first day of the eighth (8th) calendar month
after Closing.
11.1% starting on the first day of the ninth (9th) calendar month
after Closing.
12.4% starting on the first day of the tenth (10th) calendar month
after Closing.
41
13.7% starting on the first day of the eleventh (11th) calendar
month after Closing.
15.0% starting on the first day of the twelfth (12th) calendar month
after Closing and thereafter.
(iii) From and after the first day of the sixteenth (16th)
calendar month after Closing, the Maximum Conversion Price ("Conversion Cap")
shall be 85% of the average low daily trading price of the Common Stock during
the period beginning on the first day of the twelfth (12th) calendar month
following Closing and ending on the last day of the fifteenth (15th) calendar
month following Closing. Notwithstanding the prior sentence, in no event shall
the Conversion Cap be less than the greater of: i) two dollars and fifty cents
($2.50), or ii) the average daily closing price of the Common Stock for the five
(5) trading days immediately prior to the Closing.
(iv) The terms "low trading price" and "last sale price" of
the Common Stock on any day shall mean, respectively, (A) the lowest reported
sale price and the last reported sale price of the Common Stock on the principal
stock exchange on which the Common Stock is listed, or (B) if the Common Stock
is not listed on a stock exchange, the lowest reported sale price and the last
reported sale price of the Common Stock on the principal automated securities
price quotation system on which sale prices of the Common Stock are reported, or
(C) if the Common Stock is not listed on a stock exchange and sale prices of the
Common Stock are not reported on an automated quotation system, the lowest bid
price and the last bid price for the Common Stock as reported by National
Quotation Bureau Incorporated. If none of the foregoing provisions are
applicable, the "low trading price" and "last sale price" of the Common Stock on
a day will be the fair market value of the Common Stock on that day as
determined by a member firm of the New York Stock Exchange, Inc., selected by
the Board of Directors of the Corporation. The term "trading day" means (x) if
the Common Stock is listed on at least one stock exchange, a day on which there
is trading on the principal stock exchange on which the Common Stock is listed,
(y) if the Common Stock is not listed on a stock exchange but sale prices of the
Common Stock are reported on an automated quotation system, a day on which
trading is reported on the principal automated quotation system on which sales
of the Common Stock are reported, or (z) if the foregoing provisions are
inapplicable, a day on which quotations are reported by National Quotation
Bureau Incorporated. The "closing price" of the Common Stock on any day means
the "last sale price" as defined above.
(v) In the event that during any period of consecutive trading
days provided for above, the Corporation shall declare or pay any dividend on
the Common Stock payable in Common Stock or in rights to acquire Common Stock,
or shall effect a stock split or reverse stock split, or a combination,
consolidation or reclassification of the Common Stock, then the Conversion Price
and (if such event occurs during or after the 12th month after the date of
issuance) the Conversion Cap shall be proportionately decreased or increased, as
appropriate, to give effect to such event, and like adjustment shall be made in
any price per share specified in dollars herein.
(f) Green Floor. If at any time the Conversion Price falls below
three dollars ($3.00) per share (the "Green Floor Price"), the Corporation may
at its option, exercised by written notice ("Cash Conversion Notice") given to
the holders of the 6% Preferred five days prior to the effective date specified
in such Notice (the "Effective Date") honor any conversion request otherwise
properly made, if at a Conversion Price lower than the Green Floor Price, by a
cash payment in lieu of the issuance of Common Stock in an amount equal to the
proceeds which would otherwise have been received by the holder if conversion
were in fact made into Common Stock and such Common Stock were sold at the high
trade price on the trading day immediately preceding the date that the
conversion notice is received (the "Cash Conversion Amount"). The Cash
Conversion Notice may specify an expiration date of such Notice, or may specify
a limitation on the aggregate number of dollars which the Corporation will pay
in Cash Conversion Amounts. When such dollar limitation is reached the
Corporation shall give immediate notice to the holders of 6% Preferred that the
Cash Conversion Notice is no longer in effect. The Corporation may at any time
reset the Green Floor Price to any price determined by the Corporation by giving
30 days prior notice to the holders of the 6% Preferred. If notice of conversion
shall be given by a holder of 6% Preferred shares on a date that a Cash
Conversion Notice is in effect, the Corporation shall within 48 hours following
surrender of the share certificate as provided in Section 4(d) hereof make
payment of the Cash Conversion Amount to such holder by wire transfer of
immediately available funds in U.S. dollars pursuant to such wire transfer
instructions as may have been given by such holder, or otherwise by mailing by
certified mail a bank cashiers' or certified check for the Cash Conversion
Amount to the record address of such holder. A Cash Conversion Notice shall
cease to be effective if the Corporation fails to make payment of the Cash
Conversion Amount to any holder entitled thereto in the manner and within the
time specified in the foregoing sentence, time being of the essence. If a Cash
Conversion Notice ceases to be effective pursuant to the
42
foregoing sentence, it shall not thereafter be effective as to any holder and no
Cash Conversion Notice may thereafter be given by the Corporation. The number of
shares that a holder is entitled to convert, determined pursuant to subsections
(a) and (b) of this Section 4, shall not be affected by the giving or
effectiveness of a Cash Conversion Notice. Any Cash Conversion Notice shall be
given as provided in Section 5 hereof.
(g) Distributions. In the event the Corporation shall at any time or
from time to time make or issue, or fix a record date for the determination of
holders of Common Stock entitled to receive, a dividend or other distribution
payable in securities of the Corporation or any of its subsidiaries or other
property, other than cash dividends from earnings or dividends of additional
shares of Common Stock, then in each such event provision shall be made so that
the holders of 6% Preferred shall receive, upon the conversion thereof, the
securities or other property which they would have received had they been the
owners on the date of such event of the number of shares of Common Stock
issuable to them upon conversion.
(h) Certificates as to Adjustments. Upon the occurrence of any
adjustment or readjustment of the Conversion Price or the Conversion Cap
pursuant to Section 4(e)(v) or Section 4(m) hereof, or any adjustment of the
cash per-share prices specified herein, the Corporation at its expense shall
promptly compute such adjustment or readjustment in accordance with the terms
hereof and prepare and furnish to each holder of 6% Preferred a certificate
setting forth such adjustment or readjustment and showing in detail the facts
upon which such adjustment or readjustment is based. The Corporation shall, upon
the written request at any time of any holder of 6% Preferred, furnish or cause
to be furnished to such holder a like certificate prepared by the Corporation
setting forth (i) such adjustments and readjustments, and (ii) the number of
other securities and the amount, if any, of other property which at the time
would be received upon the conversion of 6% Preferred with respect to each share
of Common Stock received upon such conversion. If any holder disputes the
computation of such adjustment the Corporation shall cause independent public
accountants selected by the Corporation to verify and, if necessary, correct
such computation.
(i) Notice of Record Date. In the event of any taking by the
Corporation of a record of the holders of any class of securities for the
purpose of determining the holders thereof who are entitled to receive any
dividend (other than a cash dividend) or other distribution, any security or
right convertible into or entitling the holder thereof to receive additional
shares of Common Stock, or any right to subscribe for, purchase or otherwise
acquire any shares of stock of any class or any other securities or property, or
to receive any other right, the Corporation shall give notice to each holder of
6% Preferred at least 10 days prior to such date specifying the date on which
any such record is to be taken for the purpose of such dividend, distribution,
security or right and the amount and character of such dividend, distribution,
security or right.
(j) Issue Taxes. The Corporation shall pay any and all issue and
other taxes, excluding any income, franchise or similar taxes, that may be
payable in respect of any issue or delivery of shares of Common Stock on
conversion of shares of 6% Preferred pursuant hereto; provided, however, that
the Corporation shall not be obligated to pay any transfer taxes resulting from
any transfer requested by any holder in connection with any such conversion.
(k) Reservation of Stock Issuable Upon Conversion. The Corporation
shall at all times reserve and keep available out of its authorized but unissued
shares of Common Stock, solely for the purpose of effecting the conversion of
the shares of the 6% Preferred, such number of its shares of Common Stock as
shall from time to time be sufficient to effect the conversion of all
outstanding shares of the 6% Preferred, and if at any time the number of
authorized but unissued shares of Common Stock shall not be sufficient to effect
the conversion of all then outstanding shares of the 6% Preferred, the
Corporation will take such corporate action as may, in the opinion of its
counsel, be necessary to increase its authorized but unissued shares of Common
Stock to such number of shares as shall be sufficient for such purpose,
including, without limitation, engaging in best efforts to obtain the requisite
shareholder approval as promptly as practicable.
(l) Fractional Shares. No fractional shares shall be issued upon the
conversion of any share or shares of 6% Preferred. All shares of Common Stock
(including fractions thereof) issuable upon conversion of more than one share of
6% Preferred by a holder thereof shall be aggregated for purposes of determining
whether the conversion would result in the issuance of any fractional share. If,
after the aforementioned aggregation, the conversion would result in the
issuance of a fraction of a share of Common Stock, the Corporation shall, in
lieu of issuing any
43
fractional share, pay the holder otherwise entitled to such fraction a sum in
cash equal to the fair market value of such fraction on the date of conversion
(as determined in good faith by the Board of Directors of the Corporation).
(m) Reorganization or Merger. In case of any reorganization or any
reclassification of the capital stock of the Corporation or any consolidation or
merger of the Corporation with or into any other corporation or corporations or
a sale of all or substantially all of the assets of the Corporation to any other
person, and the holders of 6% Preferred do not elect to treat such transaction
as a liquidation, dissolution or winding up as provided in Section 2, then, as
part of such reorganization, consolidation, merger or sale, provision shall be
made so that each share of 6% Preferred shall thereafter be convertible into the
number of shares of stock or other securities or property (including cash) to
which a holder of the number of shares of Common Stock deliverable upon
conversion of such share of 6% Preferred would have been entitled upon the
record date of (or date of, if no record date is fixed) such event and, in any
case, appropriate adjustment (as determined by the Board of Directors) shall be
made in the application of the provisions herein set forth with respect to the
rights and interests thereafter of the holders of the 6% Preferred, to the end
that the provisions set forth herein shall thereafter be applicable, as nearly
as equivalent as is practicable, in relation to any shares of stock or the
securities or property (including cash) thereafter deliverable upon the
conversion of the shares of 6% Preferred. The Corporation shall have no
obligation to obtain the prior consent of the holders of 6% Preferred,
individually or as a class, except as expressly provided herein or as provided
by applicable law.
5. Notices. Any notice to be given to the holders of the 6% Preferred
shall be (i) mailed by first class mail postage prepaid to each holder of 6%
Preferred at the address shown on the records of the Corporation for such
holder, (ii) transmitted by telecopy or facsimile transmission to any holder
which has supplied a telecopy or facsimile address to the Corporation, and (iii)
unless receipted for by telecopy or facsimile on the date such notice is given,
shall be transmitted by an overnight delivery service or courier service for
delivery at the address shown on the records of the Corporation for such holder
on the first business day following the date such notice is given, or if
delivery in one business day to such address cannot be effected by such delivery
service, then on the earliest day on which such delivery can be made.
6. Other Provisions. For all purposes of this Resolution, the term "date
of issuance" or "closing" shall mean the day on which shares of the 6% Preferred
are first issued by the Corporation, and the terms "trading price", "low trading
price", "closing price", "last trade price", and "trading days" shall have the
meanings given them in Section 4(e) hereof. Any provision herein which conflicts
with or violates any applicable usury law shall be deemed modified to the extent
necessary to avoid such conflict or violation.
7. Restrictions and Limitations. The Corporation shall not undertake the
following actions without the consent of the holders of a majority of the 6%
Preferred: (i) modify its Certificate of Incorporation or Bylaws so as to amend
or change any of the rights, preferences, or privileges of the 6% Preferred,
(ii) authorize or issue any other equity security senior to the 6% Preferred, or
(iii) purchase or otherwise acquire for value any Common Stock or other equity
security of the Corporation either junior or senior to or on a parity with the
6% Preferred while there exists any arrearage in the payment of cumulative
dividends hereunder.
8. Voting Rights. Except as provided herein or as provided for by law, the
6% Preferred shall have no voting rights.
9. Attorneys' Fees. Any holder of 6% Preferred shall be entitled to
recover from the Corporation the reasonable attorneys' fees and expenses
incurred by such holder in connection with enforcement by such holder of any
obligation of the Corporation hereunder, if such holder is the prevailing party
in an action or proceeding to compel such enforcement.
10. Limitation on Number of Conversion Shares. The Corporation shall not
be obligated to issue, in the aggregate, more than 3,150,000 shares of Common
Stock as presently constituted (the "Nasdaq Cap") upon conversion of the 6%
Preferred, if issuance of a larger number of shares would constitute a breach of
the Rules or Designation Criteria of the NASDAQ Stock Market (the "NASDAQ
Rules"). Subject to the obligation to effect certain redemptions pursuant to the
last three sentences of this Section, if further issuances of shares of Common
Stock upon conversion of the 6% Preferred would constitute a breach of the
NASDAQ Rules (i.e., all of the shares permitted to be issued under
44
the Nasdaq Cap shall have been so issued), then so long thereafter as such
limitation shall continue to be applicable and any shares of 6% Preferred are
submitted for conversion such shares shall receive in cash an amount equal to
the Cash Conversion Amount determined as provided in Section 4(f) hereof, in
lieu of the Common Stock which such shares would otherwise be entitled to
receive upon conversion. Payment of the Cash Conversion Amount shall be made no
later than as specified in Section 4(f) and shall bear daily interest thereafter
at the rate of one-tenth of one percent per day until paid. The NASDAQ Cap shall
be proportionately and equitably adjusted in the event of stock splits, stock
dividends, reverse stock splits, reclassifications or other such events, in such
manner as the Board of Directors of the Corporation shall reasonably determine.
If (A) the Corporation is unable to obtain the requisite shareholder approval
concerning the issuance of shares of Common Stock upon conversion of the 6%
Preferred to satisfy the NASDAQ Rules prior to December 31, 1997, then (B) the
Corporation shall immediately redeem, at a "Special Redemption Price" equal to
110% of the liquidation preference of such shares, the smallest number of Shares
which is sufficient, in the Corporation's reasonable judgment, such that
following such redemption, conversion of the remaining shares of 6% Preferred
would not constitute a breach of the Corporation's obligations under the NASDAQ
Rules. Any redemption effected pursuant to the preceding sentence shall require
15 days' notice and the Redemption Date shall be not more than 15 days after the
date specified in Clause A of the preceding sentence. Such redemption shall be
made pro-rata. If there shall be a default in payment of the Special Redemption
Price, the amount so payable shall bear daily interest from and after the
Redemption Date at the rate of one-tenth of one percent per day until paid.
45
Attachment to Exhibit 10(aa) September 29, 1997
To the Several Investors Who Are Parties
to Preferred Stock Investment
Agreements with Interleaf, Inc.
Peabody & Xxxxxx
00 Xxxxx Xxxxx
Xxxxxx, Xxxxxxxxxxxxx 00000-0000
Re: Purchase of 6% Convertible Preferred Stock of Interleaf, Inc.
Ladies and Gentlemen:
I am the General Counsel of Interleaf, Inc. (the "Company"), a Massachusetts
corporation, and have served as such in connection with the execution and
delivery of a Preferred Stock Investment Agreement dated on or about September
30, 1997, between the Company and each of you (severally, the "Agreement").
Capitalized terms used without definition herein are used with the meanings
attributed to such terms in the Agreement. This opinion is being rendered to you
pursuant to Section 4.2(e) of the Agreement.
I have examined and am familiar with, and have relied upon, the following
documents: (a) the Articles of Organization of the Company, as amended; (b) a
certificate dated as of a recent date of the Secretary of State of Massachusetts
certifying as to the xxxx existence and good standing of the Company in such
jurisdiction; (c) the By-Laws of the Company, as amended; (d) certified copies
of resolutions of the Board of Directors of the Company authorizing the
execution, delivery and performance by the Company of the Agreement and the
transactions contemplated thereby; (e) and such other documents, instruments and
certificates (including, but not limited to, certificates of public officials
and officers of the Company) as I have considered necessary for purposes of this
opinion.
In my examination of the documents described in the preceding paragraph, I have
assumed the genuineness of all signatures, the authenticity of all documents
submitted to me as originals, the conformity to original documents of all
documents submitted to me as certified or photostatic copies and the
authenticity of the originals of such latter documents.
Insofar as this opinion relates to factual matters, the information with respect
to which is in the possession of the Company, I have relied (without independent
investigation) upon representations made to me by one or more officers or
employees of the Company and by the Company in the Agreement.
I have assumed that the Agreement is the valid, binding and enforceable
obligation of each party thereto other than the Company.
This opinion is made expressly subject to the following upon which I express no
opinion:
a. The operation and effect of any laws and judicial decisions with
respect to bankruptcy, insolvency, moratorium, reorganization,
fraudulent conveyances and similar laws affecting creditors rights
generally, or the operation and effect of general principles of
equity or judicial decisions relating to or affecting generally the
enforcement of creditors' rights or remedies for the collection of
debtors' obligations;
b. Judicial decisions governing the availability of specific
performance, injunctive relief or other equitable remedies;
c. Unenforceability under certain circumstances of contractual
provisions (i) waiving broadly or vaguely stated rights or unknown
future rights, or (ii) to the effect that: (a) rights or remedies
are not exclusive, (b) every right or remedy is cumulative or may be
exercised in addition to or with any other right or remedy, or (c)
the election of some particular right or remedy does not preclude
recourse to one or more remedies;
d. The enforcement of provisions in the Agreement that may be
restricted by the effects of state laws which provide that a court
may refuse to enforce or may limit the application of a contract or
any clause of a contract which the court finds to have been (i)
unconscionable at the time it was made, or (ii) an adhesion
contract; and
e. Indemnification provisions have been held to be unenforceable under
certain circumstances under federal and state securities laws.
Based upon and subject to the foregoing, I am of the opinion that:
1. Performance of the Agreement by the Company will not result in a
breach or violation of any of the terms and provisions of the
Articles of Organization or By-Laws of the Company as in effect on
the date hereof, and will not constitute a material default under
any indenture, mortgage, deed of trust or other material agreement
or instrument known to me and to which the Company is a party or by
which it or any of its properties is bound, and will not violate or
contravene any governmental statute, rule or regulation known to me
to be applicable to the Company the violation of contravention of
which would materially and adversely affect the Company, its
subsidiaries, assets, financial condition or operations.
2. Except as disclosed in the financial statements of the Company
included in the SEC Documents, or as provided in Schedule I to the
Agreement, (i) the Company has no obligation to redeem or repurchase
any of its equity securities; (ii) no stockholder or other persons
have preemptive or other rights to acquire equity securities of the
Company, except that the Company has outstanding options and
warrants to purchase its Common Stock as set forth in Exhibit A to
the Agreement; and (iii) the Company has no obligation to register
any of its securities other than pursuant to the Agreement or as set
forth in Exhibit A to the Agreement.
This opinion is given as of the date hereof and I assume no obligation to advise
you of changes that may hereafter be brought to my attention. This opinion is
furnished solely to you at your request for your benefit in connection with the
Agreement. I consider this opinion to be a confidential communication and it is
not to be furnished, reproduced, distributed, relied upon or disclosed to any
person without my prior written consent unless you are obligated in the opinion
of counsel to disclose its contents pursuant to court order or applicable law.
Very truly yours,
Xxxx X. Xxxxxx
General Counsel
Attachment to Exhibit 10(aa)
October 1, 1997
To the Several Investors Who Are Parties
to Preferred Stock Investment
Agreements with Interleaf, Inc.
Re: Purchase of 6% Convertible Preferred Stock of Interleaf, Inc.
Ladies and Gentlemen:
We have served as counsel to Interleaf, Inc. (the "Company"), a
Massachusetts corporation, in connection with the execution and delivery of a
Preferred Stock Investment Agreement dated on or about September 30, 1997,
between the Company and each of you (severally, the "Agreement"). Capitalized
terms used without definition herein are used with the meanings attributed to
such terms in the Agreement. This opinion is being rendered to you pursuant to
Section 4.2(e) of the Agreement.
We have examined and are familiar with, and have relied upon, the
following documents: (a) the Articles of Organization of the Company, as
amended; (b) a certificate dated as of a recent date of the Secretary of State
of Massachusetts certifying as to the legal existence and good standing of the
Company in such jurisdiction; (c) the By-Laws of the Company; (d) certified
copies of resolutions of the Board of Directors of the Company authorizing the
execution, delivery and performance by the Company of the Agreement and the
transactions contemplated thereby; (e) the legal opinion of even date of Xxxx X.
Xxxxxx, Esq., General Counsel of the Company; (f) and such other documents,
instruments and certificates (including, but not limited to, certificates of
public officials and officers of the Company) as we have considered necessary
for purposes of this opinion.
In our examination of the documents described in the preceding paragraph,
we have assumed the genuineness of all signatures, the authenticity of all
documents submitted to us as originals, the conformity to original documents of
all documents submitted to us as certified or photostatic copies and the
authenticity of the originals of such latter documents.
October 1, 1997
Page 2
Insofar as this opinion relates to factual matters, the information with
respect to which is in the possession of the Company, we have relied (without
independent investigation) upon representations made to us by one or more
officers or employees of the Company and by the Company in the Agreement.
We have assumed that the Agreement is the valid, binding and enforceable
obligation of each party thereto other than the Company.
Our opinions expressed in paragraphs 3 and 4 below are based solely upon
our review of a certificate of an officer of the Company and on the opinion of
General Counsel of the Company referred to above. For the purposes of our
opinions in paragraph 2 below, we are also relying upon oral confirmation from a
representative of the Office of the Secretary of State of Massachusetts on
September 30, 1997 that the Resolution Establishing Preferences was accepted for
filing in such Office.
Members of our firm are admitted to the bar of Massachusetts and we do not
express any opinion as to the laws of any other jurisdiction other than the laws
of the United States of America to the extent referred to specifically herein.
We undertake no obligation to advise you of facts or changes in law occurring
after the date hereof which might affect the opinions expressed herein.
This opinion is made expressly subject to the following upon which this
firm expresses no opinion:
a. The operation and effect of any laws and judicial decisions with
respect to bankruptcy, insolvency, moratorium, reorganization, fraudulent
conveyances and similar laws affecting creditors rights generally, or the
operation and effect of general principles of equity or judicial decisions
relating to or affecting generally the enforcement of creditors' rights or
remedies for the collection of debtors' obligations;
b. Judicial decisions governing the availability of specific
performance, injunctive relief or other equitable remedies;
c. Unenforceability under certain circumstances of contractual
provisions (i) waiving broadly or vaguely stated rights or unknown future
rights, or (ii) to the effect that: (a) rights or remedies are not
exclusive, (b) every right or remedy is cumulative or may be exercised in
addition to or with any other right or remedy, or (c) the election of some
particular right or remedy does not preclude recourse to one or more
remedies;
d. The enforcement of provisions in the Agreement that may be
restricted by the effects of state laws which provide that a court may
refuse to enforce or may
October 1, 1997
Page 3
limit the application of a contract or any clause of a contract which the
court finds to have been (i) unconscionable at the time it was made, or
(ii) an adhesion contract; and
e. Indemnification provisions have been held to be unenforceable
under certain circumstances under federal and state securities laws.
f. As to the securities laws of any jurisdiction outside the United
States of America.
Based upon and subject to the foregoing, we are of the opinion that:
1. The execution, delivery and performance of the Agreement has been duly
authorized by all necessary corporate action of the Company, and no further
consent or authorization of the Company or its Board of Directors or
stockholders is required (except such shareholder approval as may be required
pursuant to the By-Laws of the Company or the Rules of the National Association
of Securities Dealers, Inc.) and, when executed and delivered, the Agreement
will be a legal, valid and binding obligation of the Company, enforceable
against the Company in accordance with its terms;
2. The Shares have been duly authorized by all necessary corporate action
of the Company and when issued and paid for as described in the Agreement, will
be validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable and entitled to the rights and
preferences set forth in Schedule I to the Agreement. The Common Stock issuable
upon conversion of the Shares when issued in accordance with the provisions of
Schedule I to the Agreement will be duly authorized and validly issued, fully
paid and nonassessable and the holders shall be entitled to all rights and
preferences accorded to a holder of Common Stock;
3. Based solely upon an examination of the Agreement and a factual
certificate executed and delivered to us by an officer of the Company,
performance of the Agreement by the Company will not result in a breach or
violation of any of the terms and provisions of the Articles of Organization or
By-Laws of the Company as in effect on the date hereof, and will not constitute
a material default under any indenture, mortgage, deed of trust or other
material agreement or instrument known to us and to which the Company is a party
or by which it or any of its properties is bound, and will not violate or
contravene (A) any governmental statute, rule or regulation known to us to be
applicable to the Company the violation of contravention of which would
materially and adversely affect the Company, its subsidiaries, assets, financial
condition or operations or the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (assuming the
accuracy of the representations of the Purchaser in Section 2.2 of the
Agreement, in the Purchaser Questionnaire and in the Investor Questionnaire as
to state and federal securities laws), or (B) any order of a court or
administrative agency binding on the Company and of which we are aware the
violation or contravention of which would materially and adversely affect the
Company, its subsidiaries, assets, financial condition or operations; and
performance of the Agreement by the Company does not require the permission or
approval of any governmental agency (except for any required
October 1, 1997
Page 4
Blue Sky and foreign approvals and filings) and will not result in the
imposition or creation of any lien or charge against any assets of the Company;
4. Except as disclosed in the financial statements of the Company included
in the SEC Documents, or as provided in Schedule I to the Agreement, (i) the
Company has no obligation to redeem or repurchase any of its equity securities;
(ii) no stockholder or other persons have preemptive or other rights to acquire
equity securities of the Company, except that the Company has outstanding
options and warrants to purchase its Common Stock as set forth in Exhibit A to
the Agreement; and (iii) the Company has no obligation to register any of its
securities other than pursuant to the Agreement or as set forth in Exhibit A to
the Agreement.
This opinion is given as of the date hereof and we assume no obligation to
advise you of changes that may hereafter be brought to our attention. This
opinion is furnished solely to you at your request for your benefit in
connection with the Agreement. We consider this opinion to be a confidential
communication and it is not to be furnished, reproduced, distributed, relied
upon or disclosed to any person without our prior written consent unless you are
obligated in the opinion of counsel to disclose its contents pursuant to court
order or applicable law.
Very truly yours,
Peabody & Xxxxxx
