Exhibit 10.16
FORM OF
INDEMNIFICATION AGREEMENT
This Agreement made and entered into this ____ day of ______ ,
("Agreement"), by and between Cypress Communications, Inc., a Delaware
corporation (the "Company," which term shall include, where appropriate, any
Entity (as hereinafter defined) controlled directly or indirectly by the
Company) and ____________ ("Indemnitee"):
WHEREAS, it is essential to the Company that it be able to retain and
attract as directors and officers the most capable persons available;
WHEREAS, increased corporate litigation has subjected directors and
officers to litigation risks and expenses, and the limitations on the
availability of directors and officers liability insurance have made it
increasingly difficult for companies to attract and retain such persons;
WHEREAS, the Company's Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation,
as amended (the "Certificate of Incorporation"), and Amended and Restated By-
laws (the "By-laws") require it to indemnify its directors and officers to the
fullest extent permitted by law and permit it to make other indemnification
arrangements and agreements;
WHEREAS, the Company desires to provide Indemnitee with specific
contractual assurance of Indemnitee's rights to full indemnification against
litigation risks and expenses (regardless, among other things, of any amendment
to or revocation of the Certificate of Incorporation or By-laws or any change in
the ownership of the Company or the composition of its Board of Directors);
WHEREAS, the Company intends that this Agreement provide Indemnitee with
greater protection than that which is provided by the Company's Certificate of
Incorporation or By-laws; and
WHEREAS, Indemnitee is relying upon the rights afforded under this
Agreement in [becoming] [continuing as] a director and/or officer of the
Company:
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the promises and the covenants
contained herein, the Company and Indemnitee do hereby covenant and agree as
follows:
1. Definitions.
(a) "Corporate Status" describes the status of a person who is
serving or has served (i) as a director and/or officer of the Company, (ii)
in any capacity with respect to any employee benefit plan of the Company,
or (iii) as a director, partner, trustee, officer, employee, or agent of
any other Entity at the request of the Company. For purposes of subsection
(iii) of this Section 1(a), if Indemnitee is serving or has served
as a director, partner, trustee, officer, employee or agent of a
Subsidiary, Indemnitee shall be deemed to be serving at the request of the
Company.
(b) "Entity" shall mean any corporation, partnership, limited
liability company, joint venture, trust, foundation, association, organization
or other legal entity.
(c) "Expenses" shall mean all fees, costs and expenses incurred by
Indemnitee in connection with any Proceeding (as defined below),
including, without limitation, reasonable attorneys' fees,
disbursements and retainers (including, without limitation, any such
fees, disbursements and retainers incurred by Indemnitee pursuant to
Sections 10 and 11(c) of this Agreement), fees and disbursements of
expert witnesses, private investigators and professional advisors
(including, without limitation, accountants and investment bankers),
court costs, transcript costs, fees of experts, travel expenses,
duplicating, printing and binding costs, telephone and fax
transmission charges, postage, delivery services, secretarial
services, and other disbursements and expenses.
(d) "Indemnifiable Expenses," "Indemnifiable Liabilities" and
"Indemnifiable Amounts" shall have the meanings ascribed to those terms
in Section 3(a) below.
(e) "Liabilities" shall mean judgments, damages, liabilities,
losses, penalties, excise taxes, fines and amounts paid in settlement.
(f) "Proceeding" shall mean any threatened, pending or completed
claim, action, suit, arbitration, alternate dispute resolution
process, investigation, administrative hearing, appeal, or any other
proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative, arbitrative or
investigative, whether formal or informal, including a proceeding
initiated by Indemnitee pursuant to Section 10 of this Agreement to
enforce Indemnitee's rights hereunder.
(g) "Subsidiary" shall mean any corporation, partnership, limited
liability company, joint venture, trust or other Entity of which the
Company owns (either directly or through or together with another
Subsidiary of the Company) either (i) a general partner, managing
member or other similar interest or (ii) (A) 50% or more of the voting
power of the voting capital equity interests of such corporation,
partnership, limited liability company, joint venture or other Entity,
or (B) 50% or more of the outstanding voting capital stock or other
voting equity interests of such corporation, partnership, limited
liability company, joint venture or other Entity.
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2. Services of Indemnitee. In consideration of the Company's covenants
and commitments hereunder, Indemnitee agrees to serve or continue to serve as a
director and/or officer of the Company. However, this Agreement shall not impose
any obligation on Indemnitee or the Company to continue Indemnitee's service to
the Company beyond any period otherwise required by law or by other agreements
of the parties, if any.
3. Agreement to Indemnify. The Company agrees to indemnify Indemnitee as
follows:
(a) Subject to the exceptions contained in Section 4(a) below, if
Indemnitee was or is a party or is threatened to be made a party to
any Proceeding (other than an action by or in the right of the
Company) by reason of Indemnitee's Corporate Status, Indemnitee shall
be indemnified by the Company against all Expenses and Liabilities
incurred or paid by Indemnitee in connection with such Proceeding
(referred to herein as "Indemnifiable Expenses" and "Indemnifiable
Liabilities," respectively, and collectively as "Indemnifiable
Amounts").
(b) Subject to the exceptions contained in Section 4(b) below, if
Indemnitee was or is a party or is threatened to be made a party to
any Proceeding by or in the right of the Company to procure a judgment
in its favor by reason of Indemnitee's Corporate Status, Indemnitee
shall be indemnified by the Company against all Indemnifiable
Expenses.
4. Exceptions to Indemnification. Indemnitee shall be entitled to
indemnification under Sections 3(a) and 3(b) above in all circumstances other
than the following:
(a) If indemnification is requested under Section 3(a) and it has
been adjudicated finally by a court of competent jurisdiction that, in
connection with the subject of the Proceeding out of which the claim
for indemnification has arisen, Indemnitee failed to act (i) in good
faith and (ii) in a manner Indemnitee reasonably believed to be in or
not opposed to the best interests of the Company, or, with respect to
any criminal action or proceeding, Indemnitee had reasonable cause to
believe that Indemnitee's conduct was unlawful, Indemnitee shall not
be entitled to payment of Indemnifiable Amounts hereunder.
(b) If indemnification is requested under Section 3(b) and
(i) it has been adjudicated finally by a court of
competent jurisdiction that, in connection with the
subject of the Proceeding out of which the claim for
indemnification has arisen, Indemnitee failed to act (A)
in good faith and (B) in a manner Indemnitee reasonably
believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of
the Company, Indemnitee shall not be entitled to payment
of Indemnifiable Expenses hereunder; or
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(ii) it has been adjudicated finally by a court of
competent jurisdiction that Indemnitee is liable to the
Company with respect to any claim, issue or matter
involved in the Proceeding out of which the claim for
indemnification has arisen, including, without limitation,
a claim that Indemnitee received an improper personal
benefit, no Indemnifiable Expenses shall be paid with
respect to such claim, issue or matter unless the Court of
Chancery or another court in which such Proceeding was
brought shall determine upon application that, despite the
adjudication of liability, but in view of all the
circumstances of the case, Indemnitee is fairly and
reasonably entitled to indemnity for such Indemnifiable
Expenses which such court shall deem proper.
5. Procedure for Payment of Indemnifiable Amounts. Indemnitee shall
submit to the Company a written request specifying the Indemnifiable Amounts for
which Indemnitee seeks payment under Section 3 of this Agreement and the basis
for the claim. The Company shall pay such Indemnifiable Amounts to Indemnitee
within sixty (60) calendar days of receipt of the request. At the request of the
Company, Indemnitee shall furnish such documentation and information as are
reasonably available to Indemnitee and necessary to establish that Indemnitee is
entitled to indemnification hereunder.
6. Indemnification for Expenses of a Party Who is Wholly or Partly
Successful. Notwithstanding any other provision of this Agreement, and without
limiting any such provision, to the extent that Indemnitee is, by reason of
Indemnitee's Corporate Status, a party to and is successful, on the merits or
otherwise, in any Proceeding, Indemnitee shall be indemnified against all
Expenses reasonably incurred by Indemnitee or on Indemnitee's behalf in
connection therewith. If Indemnitee is not wholly successful in such Proceeding
but is successful, on the merits or otherwise, as to one or more but less than
all claims, issues or matters in such Proceeding, the Company shall indemnify
Indemnitee against all Expenses reasonably incurred by Indemnitee or on
Indemnitee's behalf in connection with each successfully resolved claim, issue
or matter. For purposes of this Agreement, the termination of any claim, issue
or matter in such a Proceeding by dismissal, with or without prejudice, by
reason of settlement, judgement, order or otherwise, shall be deemed to be a
successful result as to such claim, issue or matter.
7. Effect of Certain Resolutions. Neither the settlement or termination
of any Proceeding nor the failure of the Company to award indemnification or to
determine that indemnification is payable shall create an adverse presumption
that Indemnitee is not entitled to indemnification hereunder. In addition, the
termination of any proceeding by judgment, order, settlement, conviction, or
upon a plea of nolo contendere or its equivalent shall not create a presumption
that Indemnitee did not act in good faith and in a manner which Indemnitee
reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the Company
or, with respect to any criminal action or proceeding, had reasonable cause to
believe that Indemnitee's action was unlawful.
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8. Agreement to Advance Expenses; Undertaking. The Company shall advance
all Expenses incurred by or on behalf Indemnitee in connection with any
Proceeding, including a Proceeding by or in the right of the Company, in which
Indemnitee is involved by reason of such Indemnitee's Corporate Status within
ten (10) days after the receipt by the Company of a written statement from
Indemnitee requesting such advance or advances from time to time, whether prior
to or after final disposition of such Proceeding. To the extent required by
Delaware law, Indemnitee hereby undertakes to repay the amount of Indemnifiable
Expenses paid to Indemnitee if it is finally determined by a court of competent
jurisdiction that Indemnitee is not entitled under this Agreement to
indemnification with respect to such Expenses. This undertaking is an unlimited
general obligation of Indemnitee.
9. Procedure for Advance Payment of Expenses. Indemnitee shall submit to
the Company a written request specifying the Indemnifiable Expenses for which
Indemnitee seeks an advancement under Section 8 of this Agreement, together with
documentation evidencing that Indemnitee has incurred such Indemnifiable
Expenses. Payment of Indemnifiable Expenses under Section 8 shall be made no
later than ten (10) calendar days after the Company's receipt of such request.
10. Remedies of Indemnitee.
(a) Right to Petition Court. In the event that Indemnitee makes a
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request for payment of Indemnifiable Amounts under Sections 3 and 5
above or a request for an advancement of Indemnifiable Expenses under
Sections 8 and 9 above and the Company fails to make such payment or
advancement in a timely manner pursuant to the terms of this
Agreement, Indemnitee may petition the Court of Chancery to enforce
the Company's obligations under this Agreement.
(b) Burden of Proof. In any judicial proceeding brought under
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Section 10(a) above, the Company shall have the burden of proving that
Indemnitee is not entitled to payment of Indemnifiable Amounts
hereunder.
(c) Expenses. If Indemnitee is successful in whole or in part in
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connection with any action brought by Indemnitee under Section 10(a)
above, the Company agrees to reimburse Indemnitee in full for any
Expenses incurred by Indemnitee in connection with investigating,
preparing for, litigating, defending or settling any such action, or
in connection with any claim or counterclaim brought by the Company in
connection therewith.
(d) Validity of Agreement. The Company shall be precluded from
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asserting in any Proceeding, including, without limitation, an action
under Section 10(a) above, that the provisions of this Agreement are
not valid, binding and enforceable or that there is insufficient
consideration for this Agreement and shall stipulate in court that the
Company is bound by all the provisions of this Agreement.
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(e) Failure to Act Not a Defense. The failure of the Company
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(including its Board of Directors or any committee thereof,
independent legal counsel, or stockholders) to make a determination
concerning the permissibility of the payment of Indemnifiable Amounts
or the advancement of Indemnifiable Expenses under this Agreement
shall not be a defense in any action brought under Section 10(a)
above, and shall not create a presumption that such payment or
advancement is not permissible.
11. Defense of the Underlying Proceeding.
(a) Notice by Indemnitee. Indemnitee agrees to notify the Company
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promptly upon being served with any summons, citation, subpoena,
complaint, indictment, information, or other document relating to any
Proceeding which may result in the payment of Indemnifiable Amounts or
the advancement of Indemnifiable Expenses hereunder; provided,
however, that the failure to give any such notice shall not disqualify
Indemnitee from the right to receive payments of Indemnifiable Amounts
or advancements of Indemnifiable Expenses unless the Company's ability
to defend in such Proceeding is materially and adversely prejudiced
thereby.
(b) Defense by Company. Subject to the provisions of the last
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sentence of this Section 11(b) and of Section 11(c) below, the Company
shall have the right to defend Indemnitee in any Proceeding which may
give rise to the payment of Indemnifiable Amounts hereunder; provided,
however that the Company shall notify Indemnitee of any such decision
to defend within ten (10) days of receipt of notice of any such
Proceeding under Section 11(a) above. The Company shall not, without
the prior written consent of Indemnitee, consent to the entry of any
judgment against Indemnitee or enter into any settlement or compromise
which (i) includes an admission of fault of Indemnitee or (ii) does
not include, as an unconditional term thereof, the full release of
Indemnitee from all liability in respect of such Proceeding, which
release shall be in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to
Indemnitee. This Section 11(b) shall not apply to a Proceeding
brought by Indemnitee under Section 10(a) above or pursuant to Section
19 below.
(c) Indemnitee's Right to Counsel. Notwithstanding the provisions of
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Section 11(b) above, if in a Proceeding to which Indemnitee is a party
by reason of Indemnitee's Corporate Status, (i) Indemnitee reasonably
concludes that it may have separate defenses or counterclaims to
assert with respect to any issue which may not be consistent with the
position of other defendants in such Proceeding or (ii) a conflict of
interest or potential conflict of interest exists between the
Indemnitee and the Company, or if the Company fails to assume the
defense of such proceeding in a timely manner, Indemnitee shall be
entitled to
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be represented by separate legal counsel of Indemnitee's choice at the
expense of the Company. In addition, if the Company fails to comply
with any of its obligations under this Agreement or in the event that
the Company or any other person takes any action to declare this
Agreement void or unenforceable, or institutes any action, suit or
proceeding to deny or to recover from Indemnitee the benefits intended
to be provided to Indemnitee hereunder, Indemnitee shall have the
right to retain counsel of Indemnitee's choice, at the expense of the
Company, to represent Indemnitee in connection with any such matter.
12. Representations and Warranties of the Company. The Company hereby
represents and warrants to Indemnitee as follows:
(a) Authority. The Company has all necessary power and authority to
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enter into, and be bound by the terms of, this Agreement, and the
execution, delivery and performance of the undertakings contemplated
by this Agreement have been duly authorized by the Company.
(b) Enforceability. This Agreement, when executed and delivered by
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the Company in accordance with the provisions hereof, shall be a
legal, valid and binding obligation of the Company, enforceable
against the Company in accordance with its terms, except as such
enforceability may be limited by applicable bankruptcy, insolvency,
moratorium, reorganization or similar laws affecting the enforcement
of creditors' rights generally.
13. Insurance. The Company shall, from time to time, make the good faith
determination whether or not it is practicable for the Company to obtain and
maintain a policy or policies of insurance with a reputable insurance company
providing the Indemnitee with coverage for losses from wrongful acts, and to
ensure the Company's performance of its indemnification obligations under this
Agreement. Among other considerations, the Company will weigh the costs of
obtaining such insurance coverage against the protection afforded by such
coverage. In all policies of director and officer liability insurance,
Indemnitee shall be named as an insured in such a manner as to provide
Indemnitee the same rights and benefits as are accorded to the most favorably
insured of the Company's officers and directors. Notwithstanding the foregoing,
the Company shall have no obligation to obtain or maintain such insurance if the
Company determines in good faith that such insurance is not reasonably
available, if the premium costs for such insurance are disproportionate to the
amount of coverage provided, or if the coverage provided by such insurance is
limited by exclusions so as to provide an insufficient benefit. The Company
shall promptly notify Indemnitee of any good faith determination not to provide
such coverage.
14. Contract Rights Not Exclusive. The rights to payment of Indemnifiable
Amounts and advancement of Indemnifiable Expenses provided by this Agreement
shall be in addition to, but not exclusive of, any other rights which Indemnitee
may have at any time under applicable law, the Company's Certificate of
Incorporation or By-laws, or any other
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agreement, vote of stockholders or directors (or a committee of directors), or
otherwise, both as to action in Indemnitee's official capacity and as to action
in any other capacity as a result of Indemnitee's serving as a director and/or
officer of the Company.
15. Successors. This Agreement shall be (a) binding upon all successors
and assigns of the Company (including any transferee of all or a substantial
portion of the business, stock and/or assets of the Company and any direct or
indirect successor by merger or consolidation or otherwise by operation of law)
and (b) binding on and shall inure to the benefit of the heirs, personal
representatives, executors and administrators of Indemnitee. This Agreement
shall continue for the benefit of Indemnitee and such heirs, personal
representatives, executors and administrators after Indemnitee has ceased to
have Corporate Status.
16. Subrogation. In the event of any payment of Indemnifiable Amounts
under this Agreement, the Company shall be subrogated to the extent of such
payment to all of the rights of contribution or recovery of Indemnitee against
other persons, and Indemnitee shall take, at the request of the Company, all
reasonable action necessary to secure such rights, including the execution of
such documents as are necessary to enable the Company to bring suit to enforce
such rights.
17. Change in Law. To the extent that a change in Delaware law (whether by
statute or judicial decision) shall permit broader indemnification or
advancement of expenses than is provided under the terms of the By-laws of the
Company and this Agreement, Indemnitee shall be entitled to such broader
indemnification and advancements, and this Agreement shall be deemed to be
amended to such extent.
18. Severability. Whenever possible, each provision of this Agreement
shall be interpreted in such a manner as to be effective and valid under
applicable law, but if any provision of this Agreement, or any clause thereof,
shall be determined by a court of competent jurisdiction to be illegal, invalid
or unenforceable, in whole or in part, such provision or clause shall be limited
or modified in its application to the minimum extent necessary to make such
provision or clause valid, legal and enforceable, and the remaining provisions
and clauses of this Agreement shall remain fully enforceable and binding on the
parties.
19. Indemnitee as Plaintiff. Except as provided in Section 10(c) of this
Agreement and in the next sentence, Indemnitee shall not be entitled to payment
of Indemnifiable Amounts or advancement of Indemnifiable Expenses with respect
to any Proceeding brought by Indemnitee against the Company, any Entity which it
controls, any director or officer thereof, or any third party, unless the Board
of Directors of the Company has consented to the initiation of such Proceeding.
This Section shall not apply to counterclaims or affirmative defenses asserted
by Indemnitee in an action brought against Indemnitee.
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20. Modifications and Waiver. Except as provided in Section 17 above with
respect to changes in Delaware law which broaden the right of Indemnitee to be
indemnified by the Company, no supplement, modification or amendment of this
Agreement shall be binding unless executed in writing by each of the parties
hereto. No waiver of any of the provisions of this Agreement shall be deemed or
shall constitute a waiver of any other provisions of this Agreement (whether or
not similar), nor shall such waiver constitute a continuing waiver.
21. General Notices. All notices, requests, demands and other
communications hereunder shall be in writing and shall be deemed to have been
duly given (a) when delivered by hand, (b) when transmitted by facsimile and
receipt is acknowledged, or (c) if mailed by certified or registered mail with
postage prepaid, on the third business day after the date on which it is so
mailed:
(i) If to Indemnitee, to:
(ii) If to the Company, to:
Cypress Communications, Inc.
Fifteen Xxxxxxxx Xxxxxx, Xxxxx 000
Xxxxxxx, Xxxxxxx 00000
Attn: Xxxxxx X. XxXxxxxx, Esq.
Fax: (000) 000-0000
or to such other address as may have been furnished in the same manner by any
party to the others.
22. Governing Law; Consent to Jurisdiction; Service of Process. This
Agreement shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the
State of Delaware without regard to its rules of conflict of laws. Each of the
Company and the Indemnitee hereby irrevocably and unconditionally consents to
submit to the exclusive jurisdiction of the Court of Chancery of the State of
Delaware and the courts of the United States of America located in the State of
Delaware (the "Delaware Courts") for any litigation arising out of or relating
to this Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby (and agrees not to
commence any litigation relating thereto except in such courts), waives any
objection to the laying of venue of any such litigation in the Delaware Courts
and agrees not to plead or claim in any Delaware Court that such litigation
brought therein has been brought in an inconvenient forum. Each of the parties
hereto agrees, (a) to the extent such party is not otherwise subject to service
of process in the State of Delaware, to appoint and maintain an agent in the
State of Delaware as such party's agent for acceptance of legal process, and (b)
that service of process may also be made on such party by prepaid certified mail
with a proof of mailing receipt validated by the United States Postal Service
constituting evidence of valid service. Service made pursuant to (a) or (b)
above shall have the same legal force and effect as
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if served upon such party personally within the State of Delaware. For purposes
of implementing the parties' agreement to appoint and maintain an agent for
service of process in the State of Delaware, each such party does hereby appoint
The Corporation Trust Company, 0000 Xxxxxx Xxxxxx, Xxxxxxxxxx, Xxx Xxxxxx
Xxxxxx, Xxxxxxxx 00000, as such agent and each such party hereby agrees to
complete all actions necessary for such appointment.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have executed this Agreement as of
the day and year first above written.
CYPRESS COMMUNICATIONS, INC.
By:
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Its:
INDEMNITEE
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