EXHIBIT 10.1
FOCAL, INC.
INDEMNIFICATION AGREEMENT
This Indemnification Agreement ("Agreement") is effective as of this 9th
day of February, 1994, by and between Focal, Inc., a Delaware corporation
(the "Company") and ("Indemnitee").
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WHEREAS, the Company and Indemnitee recognize the continued difficulty in
obtaining liability insurance for its directors, officers, employees, agents
and fiduciaries, the significant increases in the cost of such insurance and
the general reductions in the coverage of such insurance;
WHEREAS, the Company and Indemnitee further recognize the substantial
increase in corporate litigation in general, subjecting directors, officers,
employees, agents and fiduciaries to expensive litigation risks at the same
time as the availability and coverage of liability insurance has been
severely limited;
WHEREAS, Indemnitee does not regard the current protection available as
adequate under the present circumstances, and the Indemnitee and other
directors, officers, employees, agents and fiduciaries of the Company may not
be willing to continue to serve in such capacities without additional
protection;
WHEREAS, the Company desires to attract and retain the services of highly
qualified individuals, such as Indemnitee, to serve the Company and, in part,
in order to induce Indemnitee to continue to provide services to the Company,
wishes to provide for the indemnification and advancing of expenses to
Indemnitee to the maximum extent permitted by law; and
WHEREAS, in view of the considerations set forth above, the Company
desires that Indemnitee shall be indemnified by the Company as set forth
herein.
NOW, THEREFORE, the Company and Indemnitee hereby agree as follows:
1. Indemnification.
(a) Indemnification of Expenses. The Company shall indemnify
Indemnitee to the fullest extent permitted by law if Indemnitee was or is or
becomes a party to or witness or other participant in, or is threatened to be
made a party to or witness or other participant in, any threatened, pending
or completed action, suit, proceeding or alternative dispute resolution
mechanism, or any hearing, inquiry or investigation that Indemnitee in good
faith believes might lead to the institution of any such action, suit,
proceeding or alternative dispute resolution mechanism, whether civil,
criminal, administrative, investigative or other (hereinafter a "Claim") by
reason of (or arising in part out of) any event or occurrence related to the
fact that Indemnitee is or was a director, officer, employee, agent or
fiduciary of the Company, or any subsidiary of the Company, or is or was
serving at the request of the Company as a director, officer, employee, agent
or fiduciary of another corporation,
partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise, or by reason of any
action or inaction on the part of Indemnitee while serving in such capacity
(hereinafter an "Indemnifiable Event") against any and all expenses
(including attorneys' fees and all other costs, expenses and obligations
incurred in connection with investigating, defending, being a witness in or
participating in (including on appeal), or preparing to defend, be a witness
in or participate in, any such action, suit, proceeding, alternative dispute
resolution mechanism, hearing, inquiry or investigation), judgments, fines,
penalties and amounts paid in settlement (if such settlement is approved in
advance by the Company, which approval shall not be unreasonably withheld) of
such Claim and any federal, state, local or foreign taxes imposed on the
Indemnitee as a result of the actual or deemed receipt of any payments under
this Agreement (collectively, hereinafter "Expenses"), including all
interest, assessments and other charges paid or payable in connection with or
in respect of such Expenses. Such payment of Expenses shall be made by the
Company as soon as practicable but in any event no later than thirty (30)
days after written demand by Indemnitee therefor is presented to the Company.
(b) Reviewing Party. Notwithstanding the foregoing, (i) the
obligations of the Company under Section 1(a) shall be subject to the
condition that the Reviewing Party (as described in Section 10(f) hereof)
shall not have determined (in a written opinion, in any case in which the
Independent Legal Counsel referred to in Section 1(c) hereof is involved)
that Indemnitee would not be permitted to be indemnified under applicable
law, and (ii) the obligation of the Company to make an advance payment of
Expenses to Indemnitee pursuant to Section 2(a) (an "Expense Advance") shall
be subject to the condition that, if, when and to the extent that the
Reviewing Party determines that Indemnitee would not be permitted to be so
indemnified under applicable law, the Company shall be entitled to be
reimbursed by Indemnitee (who hereby agrees to reimburse the Company) for all
such amounts theretofore paid; provided, however, that if Indemnitee has
commenced or thereafter commences legal proceedings in a court of competent
jurisdiction to secure a determination that Indemnitee should be indemnified
under applicable law, any determination made by the Reviewing Party that
Indemnitee would not be permitted to be indemnified under applicable law
shall not be binding and Indemnitee shall not be required to reimburse the
Company for any Expense Advance until a final judicial determination is made
with respect thereto (as to which all rights of appeal therefrom have been
exhausted or lapsed). Indemnitee's obligation to reimburse the Company for
any Expense Advance shall be unsecured and no interest shall be charged
thereon. If there has not been a Change in Control (as defined in Section
10(c) hereof), the Reviewing Party shall be selected by the Board of
Directors, and if there has been such a Change in Control (other than a
Change in Control which has been approved by a majority of the Company's
Board of Directors who were directors immediately prior to such Change in
Control), the Reviewing Party shall be the Independent Legal Counsel referred
to in Section 1(c) hereof. If there has been no determination by the
Reviewing Party or if the Reviewing Party determines that Indemnitee
substantively would not be permitted to be indemnified in whole or in part
under applicable law, Indemnitee shall have the right to commence litigation
seeking an initial determination by the court or challenging any such
determination by the Reviewing Party or any aspect thereof, including the
legal or factual bases therefor, and the Company hereby consents to service
of process and to appear in any such proceeding. Any determination by the
Reviewing Party otherwise shall be conclusive and binding on the Company and
Indemnitee.
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(c) Change in Control. The Company agrees that if there is a
Change in Control of the Company (other than a Change in Control which has
been approved by a majority of the Company's Board of Directors who were
directors immediately prior to such Change in Control) then with respect to
all matters thereafter arising concerning the rights of Indemnitee to
payments of Expenses and Expense Advances under this Agreement or any other
agreement or under the Company's Certificate of Incorporation or Bylaws as
now or hereafter in effect, the Company shall seek legal advice only from
Independent Legal Counsel (as defined in Section 10(d) hereof) selected by
Indemnitee and approved by the Company (which approval shall not be
unreasonably withheld). Such counsel, among other things, shall render its
written opinion to the Company and Indemnitee as to whether and to what
extent Indemnitee would be permitted to be indemnified under applicable law.
The Company agrees to pay the reasonable fees of the Independent Legal
Counsel referred to above and to fully indemnify such counsel against any and
all expenses (including attorneys' fees), claims, liabilities and damages
arising out of or relating to this Agreement or its engagement pursuant
hereto.
(d) Establishment of Trust. In the event of a Potential Change in
Control (as defined in Section 10(e) hereof), the Company shall, upon written
request by Indemnitee, create a trust for the benefit of Indemnitee and, from
time to time upon written request of Indemnitee, shall fund such trust in an
amount sufficient to satisfy any and all Expenses reasonably anticipated at
the time of each such request to be incurred in connection with
investigating, preparing for and defending any Claim relating to an
Indemnifiable Event, and any and all judgments, fines, penalties and
settlement amounts of any and all Claims relating to an Indemnifiable Event
from time to time actually paid or claimed, reasonably anticipated or
proposed to be paid. The amount or amounts to be deposited in the trust
pursuant to the foregoing funding obligation shall be determined by the
Reviewing Party, in any case in which the Independent Legal Counsel referred
to above is involved. The terms of the trust shall provide that upon a
Change or Control (i) the trust shall not be revoked or the principal thereof
invaded, without the written consent of Indemnitee, (ii) the trustee shall
advance, within five (5) business days of a request by Indemnitee, any and
all Expenses to Indemnitee (and Indemnitee hereby agrees to reimburse the
trust under the circumstances under which Indemnitee would be required to
reimburse the Company under Section 1(b) of this Agreement), (iii) the trust
shall continue to be funded by the Company in accordance with the funding
obligation set forth above, (iv) the trustee shall promptly pay to Indemnitee
all amounts for which Indemnitee shall be entitled to indemnification
pursuant to this Agreement or otherwise, and (v) all unexpended funds in such
trust shall revert to the Company upon a final determination by the Reviewing
Party or a court of competent jurisdiction, as the case may be, that
Indemnitee has been fully indemnified under the terms of this Agreement. The
trustee shall be chosen by Indemnitee. Nothing in this Section 1(d) shall
relieve the Company of any of its obligations under this Agreement.
(e) Mandatory Payment of Expenses. Notwithstanding any other
provision of this Agreement other than Section 9 hereof, to the extent that
Indemnitee has been successful on the merits or otherwise, including, without
limitation, the dismissal of an action without prejudice, in defense of any
action, suit, proceeding, inquiry or investigation referred to in Section
(1)(a) hereof or in the defense of any claim, issue or matter therein,
Indemnitee shall be indemnified against all Expenses incurred by Indemnitee
in connection therewith.
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2. Expenses; Indemnification Procedure.
(a) Advancement of Expenses. The Company shall advance all
Expenses incurred by Indemnitee. The advances to be made hereunder shall be
paid by the Company to Indemnitee as soon as practicable but in any event no
later than five (5) days after written demand by Indemnitee therefor to the
Company.
(b) Notice/Cooperation by Indemnitee. Indemnitee shall, as a
condition precedent to Indemnitee's right to be indemnified under this
Agreement, give the Company notice in writing as soon as practicable of any
Claim made against Indemnitee for which indemnification will or could be
sought under this Agreement. Notice to the Company shall be directed to the
Chief Executive Officer of the Company at the address shown on the signature
page of this Agreement (or such other address as the Company shall designate
in writing to Indemnitee). In addition, Indemnitee shall give the Company
such information and cooperation as it may reasonably require and as shall be
within Indemnitee's power.
(c) No Presumptions; Burden of Proof. For purposes of this
Agreement, the termination of any claim, action, suit or proceeding, by
judgment, order, settlement (whether with or without court approval) or
conviction, or upon a plea of nolo contendere, or its equivalent, shall not
create a presumption that Indemnitee did not meet any particular standard of
conduct or have any particular belief or that a court has determined that
indemnification is not permitted by applicable law. In addition, neither the
failure of the Reviewing Party to have made a determination as to whether
Indemnitee has met any particular standard of conduct or had any particular
belief, nor an actual determination by the Reviewing Party that Indemnitee
has not met such standard of conduct or did not have such belief, prior to
the commencement of legal proceedings by Indemnitee to secure a judicial
determination that Indemnitee should be indemnified under applicable law,
shall be a defense to Indemnitee's claim or create a presumption that
Indemnitee has not met any particular standard of conduct or did not have any
particular belief. In connection with any determination by the Reviewing
Party or otherwise as to whether the Indemnitee is entitled to be indemnified
hereunder, the burden of proof shall be on the Company to establish that
Indemnitee is not so entitled.
(d) Notice to Insurers. If, at the time of the receipt by the
Company of a notice of a Claim pursuant to Section 2(b) hereof, the Company
has liability insurance in effect which may cover such Claim, the Company
shall give prompt notice of the commencement of such Claim to the insurers in
accordance with the procedures set forth in the respective policies. The
Company shall thereafter take all necessary or desirable action to cause such
insurers to pay, on behalf of the Indemnitee, all amounts payable as a result
of such action, suit, proceeding, inquiry or investigation in accordance with
the terms of such policies.
(e) Selection of Counsel. In the event the Company shall be
obligated hereunder to pay the Expenses of any action, suit, proceeding,
inquiry or investigation, the Company, if appropriate, shall be entitled to
assume the defense of such action, suit, proceeding, inquiry or investigation
with counsel approved by Indemnitee, upon the delivery to Indemnitee of
written notice of its election so to do. After delivery of such notice,
approval of such counsel by Indemnitee and the
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retention of such counsel by the Company, the Company will not be liable to
Indemnitee under this Agreement for any fees of counsel subsequently incurred
by Indemnitee with respect to the same action, suit, proceeding, inquiry or
investigation; provided that, (i) Indemnitee shall have the right to employ
Indemnitee's counsel in any such action, suit, proceeding, inquiry or
investigation at Indemnitee's expense and (ii) if (A) the employment of
counsel by Indemnitee has been previously authorized by the Company, (B)
Indemnitee shall have reasonably concluded that there may be a conflict of
interest between the Company and Indemnitee in the conduct of any such
defense, or (C) the Company shall not continue to retain such counsel to
defend such action, suit, proceeding, inquiry or investigation, then the fees
and expenses of Indemnitee's counsel shall be at the expense of the Company.
3. Additional Indemnification Rights; Nonexclusivity.
(a) Scope. The Company hereby agrees to indemnify the Indemnitee
to the fullest extent permitted by law, notwithstanding that such
indemnification is not specifically authorized by the other provisions of
this Agreement, the Company's Certificate of Incorporation, the Company's
Bylaws or by statute. In the event of any change after the date of this
Agreement in any applicable law, statute or rule which expands the right of a
Delaware corporation to indemnify a member of its board of directors or an
officer, employee, agent or fiduciary, it is the intent of the parties hereto
that Indemnitee shall enjoy by this Agreement the greater benefits afforded
by such change. In the event of any change in any applicable law, statute or
rule which narrows the right of a Delaware corporation to indemnify a member
of its board of directors or an officer, employee, agent or fiduciary, such
change, to the extent not otherwise required by such law, statute or rule to
be applied to this Agreement, shall have no effect on this Agreement or the
parties' rights and obligations hereunder.
(b) Nonexclusivity. The indemnification provided by this Agreement
shall be in addition to any rights to which Indemnitee may be entitled under
the Company's Certificate of Incorporation, its Bylaws, any agreement, any
vote of stockholders or disinterested directors, the General Corporation Law
of the State of Delaware, or otherwise. The indemnification provided under
this Agreement shall continue as to Indemnitee for any action taken or not
taken while serving in an indemnified capacity even though Indemnitee may
have ceased to serve in such capacity.
4. No Duplication of Payments. The Company shall not be liable under
this Agreement to make any payment in connection with any action, suit,
proceeding, inquiry or investigation made against Indemnitee to the extent
Indemnitee has otherwise actually received payment (under any insurance
policy, Certificate of Incorporation, Bylaw or otherwise) of the amounts
otherwise indemnifiable hereunder.
5. Partial Indemnification. If Indemnitee is entitled under any
provision of this Agreement to indemnification by the Company for some or a
portion of Expenses in the investigation, defense, appeal or settlement of
any civil or criminal action, suit, proceeding, inquiry or investigation, but
not, however, for all of the total amount thereof, the Company shall
nevertheless indemnify Indemnitee for the portion of such Expenses to which
Indemnitee is entitled.
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6. Mutual Acknowledgement. Both the Company and Indemnitee acknowledge
that in certain instances, Federal law or applicable public policy may
prohibit the Company from indemnifying its directors, officers, employees,
agents or fiduciaries under this Agreement or otherwise. Indemnitee
understands and acknowledges that the Company has undertaken or may be
required in the future to undertake with the Securities and Exchange
Commission to submit the question of indemnification to a court in certain
circumstances for a determination of the Company's right under public policy
to indemnify Indemnitee.
7. Liability Insurance. To the extent the Company maintains liability
insurance applicable to directors, officers, employees, agents or
fiduciaries, Imdemnitee shall be covered by such policies in such a manner as
to provide Indemnitee the same rights and benefits as are accorded to the
most favorably insured of the Company's directors, if Indemnitee is a
director; or of the Company's officers, if Indemnitee is not a director of
the Company but is an officer; or of the Company's key employees, agents or
fiduciaries, if Indemnitee is not an officer or director but is a key
employee, agent or fiduciary.
8. Exceptions. Any other provision herein to the contrary
notwithstanding, the Company shall not be obligated pursuant to the terms of
this Agreement:
(a) Excluded Action or Omissions. To indemnify Indemnitee for
acts, omissions or transactions from which Indemnitee may not be relieved of
liability under applicable law.
(b) Claims Initiated by Indemnitee. To indemnify or advance
expenses to Indemnitee with respect to proceedings or claims initiated or
brought voluntarily by Indemnitee and not by way of defense, except (i) with
respect to proceedings brought to establish or enforce a right to
indemnification under this Agreement or any other agreement or insurance
policy or under the Company's Certificate of Incorporation or Bylaws now or
hereafter in effect relating to Claims for Indemnifiable Events, (ii) in
specific cases if the Board of Directors has approved the initiation or
bringing of such suit, or (iii) as otherwise as required under Section 145 of
the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware, regardless of whether
Indemnitee ultimately is determined to be entitled to such indemnification,
advance expense payment or insurance recovery, as the case may be.
(c) Lack of Good Faith. To indemnify Indemnitee for any expenses
incurred by the Indemnitee with respect to any proceeding instituted by
Indemnitee to enforce or interpret this Agreement, if a court of competent
jurisdiction determines that each of the material assertions made by the
Indemnitee in such proceeding was not made in good faith or was frivolous; or
(d) Claims Under Section 16(b). To indemnify Indemnitee for
expenses and the payment of profits arising from the purchase and sale by
Indemnitee of securities in violation of Section 16(b) of the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or any similar successor statute.
9. Period of Limitations. No legal action shall be brought and no
cause of action shall be asserted by or in the right of the Company against
Indemnitee, Indemnitee's estate, spouse, heirs, executors or personal or
legal representatives after the expiration of two years from the date of
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accrual of such cause of action, and any claim or cause of action of the
Company shall be extinguished and deemed released unless asserted by the
timely filing of a legal action within such two-year period; provided,
however, that if any shorter period of limitations is otherwise applicable to
any such cause of action, such shorter period shall govern.
10. Construction of Certain Phrases.
(a) For purposes of this Agreement, references to the "Company"
shall include, in addition to the resulting corporation, any constituent
corporation (including any constituent of a constituent) absorbed in a
consolidation or merger which, if its separate existence had continued, would
have had power and authority to indemnify its directors, officers, employees,
agents or fiduciaries, so that if Indemnitee is or was a director, officer,
employee, agent or fiduciary of such constituent corporation, or is or was
serving at the request of such constituent corporation as a director,
officer, employee, agent or fiduciary of another corporation, partnership,
joint venture, employee benefit plan, trust or other enterprise, Indemnitee
shall stand in the same position under the provisions of this Agreement with
respect to the resulting or surviving corporation as Indemnitee would have
with respect to such constituent corporation if its separate existence had
continued.
(b) For purposes of this Agreement, references to "other
enterprises" shall include employee benefit plans; references to "fines"
shall include any excise taxes assessed on Indemnitee with respect to an
employee benefit plan; and references to "serving at the request of the
Company" shall include any service as a director, officer, employee, agent or
fiduciary of the Company which imposes duties on, or involves services by,
such director, officer, employee, agent or fiduciary with respect to an
employee benefit plan, its participants or its beneficiaries.
(c) For purposes of this Agreement a "Change in Control" shall be
deemed to have occurred if (i) any "person" (as such term is used in Sections
13(d) and 14(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended), other
than a trustee or other fiduciary holding securities under an employee
benefit plan of the Company or a corporation owned directly or indirectly by
the stockholders of the Company in substantially the same proportions as
their ownership of stock of the Company, is or becomes the "beneficial owner"
(as defined in Rule 13d-3 under said Act), directly or indirectly, of
securities of the Company representing more than 20% of the total voting
power represented by the Company's then outstanding Voting Securities, (ii)
during any period of two consecutive years, individuals who at the beginning
of such period constitute the Board of Directors of the Company and any new
director whose election by the Board of Directors or nomination for election
by the Company's stockholders was approved by a vote of at least two thirds
(2/3) of the directors then still in office who either were directors at the
beginning of the period or whose election or nomination for election was
previously so approved, cease for any reason to constitute a majority
thereof, or (iii) the stockholders of the Company approve a merger or
consolidation of the Company with any other corporation other than a merger
or consolidation which would result in the Voting Securities of the Company
outstanding immediately prior thereto continuing to represent (either by
remaining outstanding or by being converted into Voting Securities of the
surviving entity) at least 80% of the total voting power represented by the
Voting Securities of the Company or such surviving entity outstanding
immediately after such merger or consolidation, or the stockholders of the
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Company approve a plan of complete liquidation of the Company or an agreement
for the sale or disposition by the Company of (in one transaction or a series
of transactions) all of substantially all of the Company's assets.
(d) For purposes of this Agreement, "Independent Legal Counsel"
shall mean an attorney or firm of attorneys, selected in accordance with the
provisions of Section 1(c) hereof, who shall not have otherwise performed
services for the Company or Indemnitee within the last three years (other
than with respect to matters concerning the rights of Indemnitee under this
Agreement, or of other indemnitees under similar indemnity agreements).
(e) For purposes of this Agreement, a "Potential Change in Control"
shall be deemed to have occurred if: (i) the Company enters into an
agreement, the consummation of which would result in the occurrence of a
Change in Control, (ii) any person (including the Company) publicly announces
an intention to take or to consider taking actions which, if consummated,
would constitute a Change in Control, or (iii) any person, other than a
trustee or other fiduciary holding securities under an employee benefit plan
of the Company acting in such capacity or a corporation owned, directly or
indirectly, by the stockholders of the Company in substantially the same
proportions as their ownership of stock of the Company, who is or becomes the
beneficial owner, directly or indirectly, of securities of the Company
representing 9.5% or more of the combined voting power of the Company's then
outstanding Voting Securities, increases his or her beneficial ownership of
such securities by five percentage points (5%) or more over the percentage so
owned by such person; or (iv) the Board of Directors adopts a resolution to
the effect that, for purposes of this Agreement, a Potential Change in
Control has occurred.
(f) For purposes of this Agreement, a "Reviewing Party" shall mean
any appropriate person or body consisting of a member or members of the
Company's Board of Directors or any other person or body appointed by the
Board of Directors who is not a party to the particular Claim for which
Indemnitee is seeking indemnification, or Independent Legal Counsel.
(g) For purposes of this Agreement, "Voting Securities" shall mean
any securities of the Company that vote generally in the election of
directors.
11. Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in one or more
counterparts, each of which shall constitute an original.
12. Binding Effect; Successors and Assigns. This Agreement shall be
binding upon and inure to the benefit of and be enforceable by the parties
hereto and their respective successors, assigns, including any direct or
indirect successor by purchase, merger, consolidation or otherwise to all or
substantially all of the business and/or assets of the Company, spouses,
heirs, and personal and legal representatives. The Company shall require and
cause any successor (whether direct or indirect by purchase, merger,
consolidation or otherwise) to all, substantially all, or a substantial part,
of the business and/or assets of the Company, by written agreement in form
and substance satisfactory to Indemnitee, expressly to assume and agree to
perform this Agreement in the same manner and to the same extent that the
Company would be required to perform if no such succession had taken place.
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This Agreement shall continue in effect regardless of whether Indemnitee
continues to serve as a director or officer of the Company or of any other
enterprise at the Company's request.
13. Attorneys' Fees. In the event that any action is instituted by
Indemnitee under this Agreement or under any liability insurance policies
maintained by the Company to enforce or interpret any of the terms hereof or
thereof, Indemnitee shall be entitled to be paid all Expenses incurred by
Indemnitee with respect to such action, regardless of whether Indemnitee is
ultimately successful in such action, and shall be entitled to the
advancement of Expenses with respect to such action, unless as a part of such
action the court of competent jurisdiction over such action determines that
each of the material assertions made by Indemnitee as a basis for such action
were not made in good faith or were frivolous. In the event of an action
instituted by or in the name of the Company under this Agreement to enforce
or interpret any of the terms of this Agreement, Indemnitee shall be entitled
to be paid all Expenses incurred by Indemnitee in defense of such action
(including costs and expenses incurred with respect to Indemnitee's
counterclaims and cross-claims made in such action), and shall be entitled to
the advancement Expenses with respect to such action, unless as a part of
such action the court having jurisdiction over such action determines that
each of Indemnitee's material defenses to such action were made in bad faith
or were frivolous.
14. Notice. All notices, requests, demands and other communications
under this Agreement shall be in writing and shall be deemed duly given (i)
if delivered by hand and receipted for by the party addressee, on the date of
such receipt, or (ii) if mailed by domestic certified or registered mail with
postage prepaid, on the third business day after the date postmarked.
Addresses for notice to either party are as shown on the signature page of
this Agreement, or as subsequently modified by written notice.
15. Consent to Jurisdiction. The Company and Indemnitee each hereby
irrevocably consent to the jurisdiction of the courts of the State of
Delaware for all purposes in connection with any action or proceeding which
arises out of or relates to this Agreement and agree that any action
instituted under this Agreement shall be commenced, prosecuted and continued
only in the courts of the State of Delaware, which shall be the exclusive and
only proper forum for adjudicating such a claim.
16. Severability. The provisions of this Agreement shall be severable
in the event that any of the provisions hereof (including any provision
within a single section, paragraph or sentence) are held by a court of
competent jurisdiction to be invalid, void or otherwise unenforceable, and
the remaining provisions shall remain enforceable to the fullest extent
permitted by law. Furthermore, to the fullest extent possible, the provisions
of this Agreement (including, without limitations, each portion of this
Agreement containing any provision held to be invalid, void or otherwise
unenforceable, that is not itself invalid, void or unenforceable) shall be
construed so as to give effect to the intent manifested by the provision held
invalid, illegal or unenforceable.
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17. Choice of Law. This Agreement shall be governed by and its
provisions construed and enforced in accordance with the laws of the State of
Delaware, as applied to contracts between Delaware residents, entered into
and to be performed entirely within the State of Delaware, without regard to
the conflict of laws principles thereof.
18. Subrogation. In the event of payment under this Agreement, the
Company shall be subrogated to the extent of such payment to all of the
rights of recovery of Indemnitee, who shall execute all documents required
and shall do all acts that may be necessary to secure such rights and to
enable the Company effectively to bring suit to enforce such rights.
19. Amendment and Termination. No amendment, modification, termination
or cancellation of this Agreement shall be effective unless it is in writing
signed by both the parties hereto. No waiver of any of the provisions of
this Agreement shall be deemed or shall constitute a waiver of any other
provisions hereof (whether or not similar) nor shall such waiver constitute a
continuing waiver.
20. Integration and Entire Agreement. This Agreement sets forth the
entire understanding between the parties hereto and supercedes and merges all
previous written and oral negotiations, commitments, understandings and
agreements relating to the subject matter hereof between the parties hereto.
21. No Construction as Employment Agreement. Nothing contained in this
Agreement shall be construed as giving Indemnitee any right to be retained in
the employ of the Company or any of its subsidiaries.
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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have executed this Indemnification
Agreement as of the date first above written.
FOCAL, INC.
By:
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Title:
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AGREED TO AND ACCEPTED
INDEMNITEE:
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