EXHIBIT I
JOINT FILING AGREEMENT
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Each of the undersigned hereby agrees that the
Schedule 13G filed herewith is filed jointly, pursuant to
Rule 13d-1(f)(1) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934,
as amended on behalf of each of them.
Dated: February 16, 1999
The Equitable Companies Incorporated
BY: /s/ Xxxxx X. Xxxxxxxx
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Xxxxx X. Xxxxxxxx
Senior Vice President
and Controller
AXA Assurances I.A.R.D. Mutuelle; AXA Assurances Vie Mutuelle;
AXA Conseil Vie Assurance Mutuelle; AXA Courtage Assurance
Mutuelle, as a group, and AXA
Signed on behalf of each of the above entities
BY: /s/ Xxxxx X. Xxxxxxxx
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Xxxxx X. Xxxxxxxx
Attorney-in-Fact
(Executed pursuant to Powers of Attorney)
Exhibit 1
POWER OF ATTORNEY
KNOW ALL MEN BY THESE PRESENT that I, XXXXX XXXXX XXXXXXXX, hereby
constitute and appoint Xxxxx X. Xxxxxxxx, from the date hereof until such time
as this Power of Attorney is revoked in writing, to act as my true and lawful
agent and attorney-in-fact, in my name and on my behalf to execute, consent
to, swear to, acknowledge, file, amend and/or modify and deliver one or more
filings on Schedule 13-G and any and all subsequent filings made by or on
behalf of the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to the Securities
Act and/or the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned has executed this power of attorney
this 16th day of February 1999.
XXXXX XXXXX XXXXXXXX
/s/ Xxxxx Xxxxx Xxxxxxxx
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POWER OF ATTORNEY
KNOW ALL MEN BY THESE PRESENT that DLJ CAPITAL INVESTORS, INC., a
Delaware corporation (the "Company"), hereby constitutes and appoints Xxxxx X.
Xxxxxxxx, from the date hereof until such time as this Power of Attorney is
revoked in writing, to act as its true and lawful agent and attorney-
in-fact with full power and authority, in the name of and on behalf of the
Company to execute, consent to, swear to, acknowledge, file, amend and/or
modify and deliver one or more filings on Schedule 13-G and any and all
subsequent filings made by or on behalf of the Securities and Exchange
Commission pursuant to the Securities Act and/or the Securities Exchange Act of
1934, as amended.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned has executed this power of attorney
this 16th day of February 1999.
DLJ CAPITAL INVESTORS, INC.
/s/ Xxxxxxxx Xxxxx
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by: Xxxxxxxx Xxxxx/Corporate Secretary
