EXHIBIT 1 JOINT FILING AGREEMENT AMONG FRIEDMAN, BILLINGS, RAMSEY GROUP, INC., ERIC F. BILLINGS, AND EMANUEL J. FRIEDMAN WHEREAS, in accordance with Rule 13d-1(k) under the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934 (the "Act"), only one joint statement and...

EXHIBIT 1

      JOINT FILING AGREEMENT AMONG FRIEDMAN, BILLINGS, XXXXXX GROUP, INC.,
         XXXX X. XXXXXXXX, AND XXXXXXX X. XXXXXXXX

     WHEREAS, in accordance with Rule 13d-1(k) under the Securities and Exchange
Act of 1934 (the "Act"), only one joint statement and any amendments thereto
need to be filed whenever one or more persons are required to file such a
statement or any amendments thereto pursuant to Section 13(d)of the Act with
respect to the same securities, provided that said persons agree in writing that
such statement or amendments thereto is filed on behalf of each of them;

     NOW, THEREFORE, the parties hereto agree as follows:

     FRIEDMAN,  BILLINGS, XXXXXX GROUP, INC., XXXX X. XXXXXXXX, AND XXXXXXX X.
XXXXXXXX hereby agree, in accordance with Rule 13d-1(k) under the Act, to file a
statement on Schedule 13G relating to their ownership of Common Stock of the
Issuer and do hereby further agree that said statement shall be filed on behalf
of each of them.

                                     FRIEDMAN, BILLINGS, XXXXXX GROUP, INC.


Dated:   February 17, 2004              By: /s/ XXXXXXX X. XXXXXXXX
                                         ---------------------------------
                                         Name:  Xxxxxxx X. Xxxxxxxx
                                         Title: Co-Chairman



Dated:   February 17, 2004              /s/ XXXX X. XXXXXXXX
                                        ----------------------------------
                                         Xxxx X. Xxxxxxxx



Dated:   February 17, 2004              /s/ XXXXXXX X. XXXXXXXX
                                        ----------------------------------
                                         Xxxxxxx X. Xxxxxxxx