Exhibit A JOINT FILING AGREEMENT PURSUANT TO RULE 13d-1(k)(1) The undersigned acknowledge and agree that the foregoing statement on Schedule 13G is filed on behalf of each of the undersigned and that all subsequent amendments to this statement on...

                                                                    Exhibit A


                             JOINT FILING AGREEMENT
                          PURSUANT TO RULE 13d-1(k)(1)

          The undersigned acknowledge and agree that the foregoing statement on
Schedule 13G is filed on behalf of each of the undersigned and that all
subsequent amendments to this statement on Schedule 13G shall be filed on behalf
of each of the undersigned without the necessity of filing additional joint
filing agreements. The undersigned acknowledge that each shall be responsible
for the timely filing of such amendments, and for the completeness and accuracy
of the information concerning it contained therein, but shall not be responsible
for the completeness and accuracy of the information concerning the others,
except to the extent that it knows or has reason to believe that such
information is inaccurate. This Agreement may be executed in any number of
counterparts and all of such counterparts taken together shall constitute one
and the same instrument.

Dated:    February 17, 1998

                                           
                                                 XXXXXXXXX GROUP, LLC           
                                                                                
                                                 By:    /s/ Xxxx X. Xxxxxxxxx   
                                                      Name: Xxxx X. Xxxxxxxxx   
                                                      Title: Principal Manager  
                                                                                
                                                 By:    /s/ Xxxxxxx X. Xxxx     
                                                      Name: Xxxxxxx X. Xxxx     
                                                      Title: Manager            
                                                                                
                                                                                
                                                 /s/ Xxxx X. Xxxxxxxxx     
                                                    Xxxx X. Xxxxxxxxx         
                                                                                
                                                                                
                                                 /s/ Xxxxxxx X. Xxxx       
                                                    Xxxxxxx X. Xxxx