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EXHIBIT 2.2
RECAPITALIZATION AGREEMENT
This Recapitalization Agreement (the "Agreement") is entered into as of
June 28, 2001 (the "Closing Date") by and among TransWestern Holdings, L.P., a
Delaware limited partnership (the "Partnership"), TransWestern Communications
Company, Inc., a Delaware corporation and the general partner of the Partnership
(the "Company"), TransWestern Publishing Company, LLC, a Delaware limited
liability company and wholly owned subsidiary of the Partnership
("TransWestern"), the persons listed on the Schedule of New Investors attached
hereto (collectively, the "New Investors"; each a "New Investor"), the persons
listed on the Schedule of Selling Investors attached hereto (collectively, the
"Selling Investors"; each a "Selling Investor"), and the persons listed on the
Schedule of New Investors and designated as "Reinvesting Managers"
(collectively, the "Reinvesting Managers"; each a "Reinvesting Manager")).
The New Investors, the Selling Investors, and the Reinvesting Managers,
sometimes are referred to herein collectively as the "Investors" and
individually as an "Investor". The Investors holding an interest in the
Partnership and/or the Company prior to the date hereof are the "Existing
Investors."
The parties to this Agreement desire to effect a recapitalization of the
Partnership and the Company in which:
(1) each Existing Investor surrenders a portion of their
Class A Units in exchange for Preferred Units, as
described on the Schedule of Preferred/Class A Unit
Exchanges;
(2) each Existing Investor who owns Class B Units prior to
the date hereof exchanges such Class B Units for
Preferred Units and Class A Units of the Partnership, as
described on the Schedule of Existing Class B Unit
Exchanges;
(3) certain Selling Investors sell to certain New Investors
identified on the Purchase and Sale Schedule Preferred
Units of the Partnership ("Preferred Units"), Class A
Units of the Partnership ("Class A Units") and shares of
common stock of the Company ("Shares"), as described in
Part I of the Purchase and Sale Schedule;
(4) certain Selling Investors sell Preferred Units and Class
A Units to the Partnership, as described in Part II of
the Purchase and Sale Schedule;
(5) certain New Investors purchase newly issued Preferred
Units and Class A Units from the Partnership, as
described in Part III of the Purchase and Sale Schedule;
and
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(6) certain of the Existing Investors that have elected to
be a New Investor continue to hold, or distribute to
certain of their respective partners, some or all of the
Preferred Units, Class A Units and Shares held by such
Investor prior to the date hereof, as reflected on the
Schedule of New Investors.
The capitalization of the Partnership and the Company after the
effectiveness of the transactions described above, but before giving effect to
the issuance of new Class B Units to certain employees of TransWestern will be
as set forth on the Schedule of New Investors.
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the premises and the mutual
covenants contained herein, and for other good and valuable consideration, the
mutual receipt and sufficiency of which are hereby acknowledged, the parties
hereto do hereby covenant and agree as follows:
1. Pre-Recapitalization Transactions.
1.1 Amendment to Partnership Agreement. Effective as of the
completion of the transactions described below in Section 2 (the
"Recapitalization Transactions"), the Investors and the Company shall have
amended and restated the agreement of limited partnership of the Partnership in
accordance with the terms thereof in the form of the Fourth Amended and Restated
Agreement of Limited Partnership attached hereto as Exhibit A (the "Amended
Partnership Agreement").
1.2 Preferred/Class A Unit Exchange. Prior to the
Recapitalization Transactions, on the Closing Date, the Existing Investors shall
surrender a portion of their respective Class A Units in exchange for Preferred
Units, such that after giving effect to such exchange, each Existing Investor
owns a strip of Preferred Units and Class A Units in a ratio of 1 to 1 as
reflected on the Schedule of Preferred/Class A Unit Exchanges.
1.3 Exchange of Class B Units. Prior to the Recapitalization
Transactions, on the Closing Date, the Partnership shall issue Class A Units and
Preferred Units to each Existing Investor that holds Class B Units prior to the
execution of this Agreement, in each case in the amounts set forth opposite such
Existing Investor's name on the Schedule of Existing Class B Unit Exchanges, in
exchange for all of the Class B Units held by such Existing Investor immediately
prior to the execution of this Agreement.
1.4 Authorization. Prior to the Recapitalization Transactions,
the Partnership shall authorize the issuance to certain New Investors, in the
aggregate, of 482,840.316 Preferred Units, 482,840.316 Class A Units and 8,000
Class B Units, each having the rights and privileges set forth in the Amended
Partnership Agreement.
2. Recapitalization Transactions. Upon the terms set forth herein, on
the Closing Date, the transactions described in this Section 2 shall occur in
the following sequence:
2.1 Issuance and Sale of Units and Shares. The Partnership shall
issue to certain New Investors and such New Investors shall purchase from the
Partnership, the Class A Units and Preferred Units set forth opposite such New
Investor's name on Part III of the Purchase and Sale
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Schedule, at a price per Class A Unit of $180.77 and a price per Preferred Unit
of $78.20, respectively.
2.2 Redemption. The Partnership shall redeem from certain Selling
Investors, and such Selling Investors shall sell to the Partnership, the number
of Preferred Units and Class A Units set forth with respect to such Selling
Investors on Part II of the Purchase and Sale Schedule, at a price per Class A
Unit of $180.77 and a price per Preferred Unit of $78.20, respectively.
2.3 CIVC In-Kind Distribution. CIVC Partners III shall distribute
to its partners, all of its Preferred Units, Class A Units and Shares, all as
reflected on Part IV of the Purchase and Sale Schedule.
2.4 THL In-Kind Distribution. Xxxxxx X. Xxx Equity Fund III, L.P.
("THL Fund III") shall distribute to its general partner 69,871.37 Preferred
Units, 69,871.37 Class A Units and 477.96 Shares, all as reflected on Part IV of
the Purchase and Sale Schedule.
2.5 Purchase and Sale of Existing Units and Shares. Each Selling
Investor shall sell to the New Investor or to the Partnership, as the case may
be, set forth opposite such Selling Investor's name on Part I of the Purchase
and Sale Schedule, and such New Investor or the Partnership, as applicable,
shall purchase from such Selling Investor the number of Class A Units, Preferred
Units and Shares, if any, set forth opposing such Selling Investor's name on
Part I of the Purchase and Sale Schedule at a price per Class A Unit of $180.77,
a price per Preferred Unit of $78.20, and a price per Share of $578.12,
respectively.
2.6 CIVC Partners Transfer to CIVC Partners IIIA. The individuals
listed on Part V of the Purchase and Sale Schedule shall transfer to CIVC
Partners IIIA 9,888.57 Preferred Units, 9,888.57 Class A Units and 67.65 Shares,
all as reflected on Part V of the Purchase and Sale Schedule.
2.7 Purchase of Units by THL Equity Advisor. THL Equity Investor
Limited Partnership III (the "THL Equity Advisor") shall purchase Preferred
Units and Class A Units from the Partnership and the Selling Investor identified
on Part VI of the Purchase and Sale Schedule, at a price per Class A Unit of
$180.77 and a price per Preferred Unit of $78.20, respectively.
3. Closing. To effect the closing of the transactions contemplated
herein (the "Closing"), the parties shall take the following actions and make
the following deliveries on the Closing Date:
3.1 Each New Investor that is designated on Part III of the
Purchase and Sale Schedule as purchasing newly issued Preferred Units and Class
A Units from the Partnership shall deliver to the Partnership, by wire transfer
of immediately available funds to an account designated by the Partnership the
aggregate purchase price with respect to such securities set forth opposite such
New Investor's name on Part I of the Purchase and Sale Schedule.
3.2 Each New Investor acquiring Preferred Units, Class A Units
and Shares from a Selling Investor pursuant to Section 2.5 or Section 2.7 shall
deliver to the Selling Investor designated on Part I of the Purchase and Sale
Schedule the aggregate purchase price to be paid to
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such Selling Investor by such New Investor as reflected on Part I of the
Purchase and Sale Schedule, by wire transfer of immediately available funds to
an account designated by such Selling Investor.
3.3 The Partnership shall deliver to certain Selling Investors
the aggregate purchase price to be paid by the Partnership for the Preferred
Units and Class A Units to be purchased from such Selling Investor by the
Partnership as reflected on Part II of the Purchase and Sale Schedule, by wire
transfer of immediately available funds.
3.4 Each Selling Investor shall deliver to the New Investor to
whom it is selling Shares, stock certificates evidencing the Shares to be sold
by such Selling Investor to such New Investor, pursuant to Section 2.5, duly
endorsed for transfer to such New Investor or its nominee, upon payment of the
purchase price to be paid by such New Investor to such Selling Investor pursuant
to Section 3.2 and shall cease to have any rights with respect to such Shares.
3.5 Each Selling Investor shall deliver to the New Investor or
the Partnership, as the case may be, to whom it is selling Units, certificates
evidencing the Units to be sold by such Selling Investor to such New Investor or
the Partnership, as the case may be, pursuant to Section 2.2, Section 2.5 or
Section 2.7, as applicable, duly endorsed for transfer to such New Investor or
its nominee or the Partnership, upon payment of the purchase price to be paid by
such New Investor or the Partnership, as the case may be, to such Selling
Investor pursuant to Section 3.2 or Section 3.3, as applicable, and shall cease
to have any rights with respect to such Units.
3.6 The Partnership shall issue to each New Investor certificates
evidencing the Units, if any, to be issued to such New Investor pursuant to
Sections 2.1 or 2.7, registered in such New Investor's name or its nominee's
name, and shall make all appropriate notations in its books and records to
record the issuance and transfer to the New Investors of the Preferred Units,
the Class A Units and, in some cases, Class B Units, being acquired by the New
Investors from Selling Investors or the Partnership, as the case may be, upon
payment of the purchase price therefor pursuant to the foregoing Sections 3.1
and 3.2, as applicable, and, in the case of Section 3.2, the Selling Investors
shall cease to have any rights as limited partners of the Partnership relating
to such Units.
3.7 TransWestern shall enter into an employment agreement in form
and substance acceptable to TransWestern with each of Xxxxxxxx Xxxxx, Xxxxxxx
Xxxxxx, Xxxx Xxxxxxx, Xxxxxxxx Xxxxxxx, Xxxxxxx Xxxxx, Xxxxxx Xxxxxxx and Ita
Xxxx-Xxxxxxx (the "Employment Agreements").
3.8 The Company and the Partnership shall enter into an Executive
Agreement in the form attached hereto as Exhibit B with (i) each of the
Reinvesting Managers (and, in some cases, their respective purchaser designees)
and (ii) each New Investor who is an employee of the Partnership, TransWestern
and their subsidiaries (such Reinvesting Managers and other Persons being
referred to herein collectively as the "Managers") and, upon payment by the
Managers of the purchase price thereunder, shall issue to each such Manager new
Class B Units to be issued to such Reinvesting Manager pursuant to his or her
Executive Agreement.
3.9 The Partnership shall execute and deliver to certain of the
New Investors, the Management Agreement in the form attached hereto as Exhibit
C.
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3.10 The Company, the Partnership and each of the New Investors
shall have entered into and delivered the Amended and Restated Investors
Agreement, a form of which is attached hereto as Exhibit D.
3.11 The Company, the Partnership and each of the New Investors
shall enter into and deliver the Amended and Restated Registration Agreement, a
form of which is attached hereto as Exhibit E.
3.12 An officer of the Partnership and the Company shall certify
as to the accuracy of the representations and warranties of the Partnership and
the Company set forth in Section 4 of this Agreement.
3.13 The Partnership shall make funding distributions to each
Person identified on Schedule 3.13 (Funding Distributions) in the amounts set
forth thereon opposite such Person's name, which funding distributions are being
made to such Persons in respect of their direct or indirect investment in the
Partnership in connection with the Recapitalization Transactions.
4. Representations and Warranties by the Company and the Partnership.
The Company and the Partnership jointly and severally represent and warrant to
the Investors as follows:
4.1 Organization. The Partnership is a limited partnership duly
organized, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the State of
Delaware and has the power and authority to carry on its business as now being
conducted and to own and operate the properties and assets now owned and being
operated by it. The Partnership is duly qualified or licensed to do business and
is in good standing in each jurisdiction in which such qualification is
necessary under the applicable law as a result of the conduct of its business or
the ownership of its properties.
The Company is a corporation duly organized, validly existing and in
good standing under the laws of the State of Delaware and has the corporate
power and authority to carry on its business as now being conducted and to own
and operate the properties and assets now owned and being operated by it. The
Company is duly qualified or licensed to do business and is in good standing in
each jurisdiction in which such qualification is necessary under the applicable
law.
4.2 Capitalization, Equity Ownership. Immediately following
consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby, the authorized capital
stock of the Company will consist of 10,000 shares of the Company's common stock
9,798.547 of which will be issued and outstanding to the New Investors and the
capitalization of the Partnership will consist of 1,525,595.748 issued and
outstanding Preferred Units, 1,525,595.748 issued and outstanding Class A Units
and 8,000 issued and outstanding B Units, in each case as set forth in more
detail on the Schedule of New Investors attached hereto; all of the foregoing
securities of the Company and the Partnership will have been duly authorized and
will be validly issued and fully paid and non-assessable and none of them will
be issued in violation of any preemptive or other right; and, except as
contemplated in this Agreement or the other agreements, instruments or documents
delivered in connection with the transactions contemplated hereby, neither the
Company nor the Partnership will be a party to or bound by any contract,
agreement or arrangement to issue, sell or otherwise dispose of or redeem,
purchase or otherwise acquire any capital stock, partnership interest or any
other security of the Company or the
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Partnership or any other security exercisable or exchangeable for or convertible
into any capital stock, partnership interest or any other security of the
Company or the Partnership, and there will not be any outstanding option,
warrant or other right to subscribe for or purchase, or contract, agreement or
arrangement with respect to, any capital stock, partnership interest or any
other security of the Company or the Partnership or any other security
exercisable or convertible into any capital stock, partnership interest or any
other security of the Company or the Partnership.
4.3 Authority. The Company, the Partnership and TransWestern, as
applicable, have the power to enter into this Agreement and all other
agreements, instruments and documents executed and delivered by the Company or
the Partnership pursuant to this Agreement (collectively, the "TransWestern
Delivered Documents") and to carry out their respective obligations thereunder.
The execution, delivery and performance of the TransWestern Delivered Documents
and the consummation of the transactions contemplated thereby have been duly
authorized by the Company, the Partnership and TransWestern, as applicable, and
no other proceeding or approval on the part of the Company, the Partnership or
TransWestern is necessary to authorize the execution and delivery of the
TransWestern Delivered Documents or the performance of any of the transactions
contemplated thereby. Assuming due authorization, execution and delivery of the
TransWestern Delivered Documents by the other parties thereto, the TransWestern
Delivered Documents will be legal, valid and binding obligations of the Company,
the Partnership and TransWestern, as applicable, enforceable against the Company
or the Partnership in accordance with their respective terms.
4.4 No Violation. Neither the execution, delivery or performance
of any of the TransWestern Delivered Documents nor the consummation of any of
the transactions contemplated thereby (i) will violate or conflict with the
Certificate of Limited Partnership of the Partnership or the Amended Partnership
Agreement, (ii) will violate or conflict with the Company's Certificate of
Incorporation or By-Laws, (iii) will result in any breach of or default under
any provision of any material contract or agreement to which the Company, the
Partnership or TransWestern is a party or by which the Company, the Partnership
or TransWestern is bound or to which any property or assets of the Company, the
Partnership or TransWestern is subject, (iv) is prohibited by or requires the
Company, the Partnership or TransWestern to obtain or make any consent,
authorization, approval, registration or filing under any statute, law,
ordinance, regulation, rule, judgment, decree or order of any court or
governmental agency, board, bureau, body, department or authority, or of any
other person, (v) will cause any acceleration of maturity of any note,
instrument or other obligation to which the Company, the Partnership or
TransWestern is a party or by which the Company, the Partnership or TransWestern
is bound or with respect to which the Company, the Partnership or TransWestern
is an obligor or guarantor, or (vi) will result in the creation or imposition of
any and all liens, claims, charges, restrictions, equities, taxes and
encumbrances of every kind or description (collectively "Encumbrances" and
individually an "Encumbrance") upon or give to any other person any interest or
right (including any right of termination or cancellation) in or with respect to
the equity or any of the properties, assets, business, agreements or contracts
of the Company, the Partnership or TransWestern, except as may be required in
connection with the loan facilities under the Second Amended and Restated Credit
Agreement, dated as of the date hereof, among TransWestern, XxxxxXxxxx.xxx,
Inc., TWP Capital Corp. II, Canadian Imperial Bank of Commerce, First Union
National Bank and FleetBoston National Bank (the "Senior Credit Facility").
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4.5 No Undisclosed Liabilities, Etc. Since December 31, 2000
(except (i) for the transactions contemplated by this Agreement and (ii) as set
forth in Schedule 4.5 (Liabilities) attached hereto):
4.5.1 Neither the Company, the Partnership nor
TransWestern has incurred any liability or obligation (absolute,
accrued, contingent or otherwise) of any nature affecting the Company,
the Partnership or TransWestern or any of their properties or assets,
other than liabilities and obligations incurred in the ordinary course
of business, that would properly be reflected or reserved against in a
balance sheet prepared in conformity with the Partnership's or the
Company's historical practices; and
4.5.2 TransWestern's backlog (i.e., all sales of
advertising to be included in directories to be published) has been
produced in the ordinary course of the business of TransWestern in
quantities that are not materially greater or less than those required
for the current operation of the business of TransWestern.
4.6 Absence of Certain Changes. Since December 31, 2000 (except
(i) for the negotiation, execution and delivery of this Agreement or (ii) as
contemplated by this Agreement:
4.6.1 Neither the Company, the Partnership nor
TransWestern has had any change in their condition, operations,
business, properties, assets or liabilities, except where such changes
would not reasonably be expected to have a materially adverse effect on
the business, assets, condition (financial or otherwise) or operating
results of the Company, the Partnership and TransWestern and their
respective subsidiaries, taken as a whole (a "Material Adverse Effect");
4.6.2 Except for the transactions contemplated in this
Agreement, neither the Company, the Partnership nor TransWestern has
issued, sold or otherwise disposed of, or agreed to issue, sell or
otherwise dispose of, any equity interests or any other security of the
Company, the Partnership or TransWestern and has not granted or agreed
to grant any option, warrant or other right to subscribe for or to
purchase any equity interests or any other security of the Company, the
Partnership or TransWestern;
4.6.3 (i) Except for normal periodic increases in the
ordinary course of business consistent with past practice, there has not
been any increase in the compensation payable or to become payable by
the Company, the Partnership nor TransWestern to any of their respective
directors, officers, employees or agents (collectively, "Personnel"),
(ii) other than in the ordinary course of business and other than bonus
payments being made in connection with the Recapitalization
Transactions, there has not been any bonus, incentive compensation,
service award or other like benefit granted, made or accrued,
contingently or otherwise, for or to the credit of any of the Personnel,
(iii) there has not been any employee welfare, pension, retirement,
profit-sharing or similar payment or arrangement made or agreed to by
the Company, the Partnership or TransWestern for any Personnel except
pursuant to existing plans and arrangements described in Schedule 4.6
(Employee Plans) (collectively, the "Plans"), or (iv) other than the
Employment Agreements, there has not been any new
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employment or consulting agreement to which the Company, the Partnership
or TransWestern is a party;
4.6.4 No property or asset of a material nature to the
Company, the Partnership or TransWestern has been sold, transferred or
otherwise disposed of, and neither the Company , the Partnership nor
TransWestern has agreed to sell, transfer or otherwise dispose of, any
of their respective material properties or assets, except in the
ordinary course of business;
4.6.5 No property or asset of a material nature to the
Company, the Partnership or TransWestern has been subjected to any
Encumbrance and neither the Company, the Partnership nor TransWestern
has agreed to subject any of their respective material properties or
assets to any Encumbrance, except for (a) tax liens with respect to
taxes not yet due and payable or which are being contested in good faith
by appropriate proceedings and for which appropriate reserves have been
established in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles,
consistently applied; (b) deposits or pledges made in connection with,
or to secure payment of, utilities or similar services, workers'
compensation, unemployment insurance, old age pensions or other social
security obligations; (c) purchase money security interests in any
property acquired by the Company, the Partnership or TransWestern; (d)
interests or title of a lessor under any lease under which the Company,
the Partnership or TransWestern is the lessee; (e) mechanics',
materialmen's or contractors' liens or encumbrances or any similar lien
or restriction; (f) easements, rights-of-way, restrictions and other
similar charges and encumbrances not interfering with the ordinary
conduct of the business of the Company or detracting from the value of
the assets of the Company, Partnership or TransWestern; (g) liens
outstanding on the date hereof pursuant to agreements which will be
satisfied as of the Closing; and (h) liens securing indebtedness under
the Senior Credit Facility (collectively, "Permitted Encumbrances"); and
4.6.6 There has not been any amendment or termination of
any contract, agreement or license that would reasonably be expected to
have a Material Adverse Effect.
4.7 Title to and Condition of Properties and Assets. The Company,
the Partnership and TransWestern have good and marketable title to all of their
respective assets and properties, subject to no Encumbrance (other than
Permitted Encumbrances). The Company's and the Partnership's material
facilities, machinery, furniture, office and other equipment are in good
operating condition and repair, subject only to ordinary wear and tear, and
neither the Company, the Partnership nor TransWestern nor any of their
respective assets or properties is in material violation of any applicable
ordinance, regulation or building, zoning, environmental or other law in respect
thereof.
4.8 Leased Property. Attached as Schedule 4.8 (Property) is a
true and complete list of all property owned or leased by the Company, the
Partnership or TransWestern. Each lease set forth in Schedule 4.8 (Property)
pursuant to which the Company, the Partnership or TransWestern leases any real
property or personal property is in full force and effect and is valid and
enforceable in accordance with its terms. There is not under any such lease any
default by the Company, the Partnership or TransWestern, or any event that with
notice or lapse of time or both would constitute
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such a default by the Company, the Partnership or TransWestern and with respect
to which the Company, the Partnership or TransWestern has not taken adequate
steps to prevent such default from occurring, except for any such default as had
not had and would not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect;
all of such events, if any, and the aforesaid steps taken by the Company, the
Partnership or TransWestern are set forth in Schedule 4.8 (Leased Property).
There is not under any such lease any default by any other party thereto or any
event that with notice or lapse of time or both would constitute such a default
thereunder by such party, which default has had or would reasonably be expected
to have a Material Adverse Effect.
4.9 Material Contracts. All Material Contracts to which the
Company, the Partnership or TransWestern is a party or by which the Company, the
Partnership or TransWestern are bound are listed on Schedule 4.9 (Material
Contracts). Except as disclosed on Schedule 4.9 (Material Contracts), each
Material Contract is valid and subsisting and the Company, the Partnership or
TransWestern, as applicable, has duly performed in all material respects all its
obligations under each such Material Contract to which it is party to the extent
that such obligations to perform have accrued and no breach or default, or, to
the knowledge of the Company, the Partnership or TransWestern, any other party
or obligor thereunder, has occurred or as a result of the execution, delivery
and performance of this Agreement. For purposes hereof, a "Material Contract" of
the Partnership, the Company or TransWestern means any agreement, arrangement,
bond, commitment, indemnity, lease or license to which such person is a party
that (a) by its terms obligates such Person to pay an amount in excess of
$50,000 per year and which cannot be terminated or canceled by such Person
without liability or penalty upon 60 days' or less prior notice (but not
including any advertising sale contract between TransWestern and any of its
customers), (b) limits or restricts the ability of such Person to compete or to
conduct its business in any manner or place, (c) is a credit agreement, note,
bond, mortgage, deed of trust or indenture evidencing any indebtedness of such
Person for borrowed money, is a guaranty or obligation, other than pursuant to
the Plans, of any affiliate, officer or director, of such Person, from or to
such Person (but not including any advertising sale contract between
TransWestern and any of its customers), or (d) the termination of which would
have a Material Adverse Effect (but not including any advertising sale contract
between the Partnership and any of its customers); provided, however, that
"Material Contracts" shall not mean or include any of the Plans.
4.10 Litigation. Except as set forth in Schedule 4.10
(Litigation), there are no actions suits, proceedings or investigations, either
at law or in equity, or before any commission or other administrative authority
in any United States jurisdiction, of any kind now pending or, to the best of
the Company's, the Partnership's or TransWestern's knowledge, threatened and
involving in excess of $150,000, involving the Company, the Partnership or
TransWestern or which questions the validity of any TransWestern Delivered
Document or which seeks to delay, prohibit or restrict in any manner any action
taken or contemplated to be taken by the Company, the Partnership or
TransWestern under any TransWestern Delivered Document.
4.11 Patents, Copyrights and Trademarks. Schedule 4.11
(Intellectual Property) sets forth a complete list of all material copyrights,
patents, trade names, trademarks and service marks, identifying whether
registered or at common law, and all applications therefor that are pending or
in the process of preparation (collectively, the "Intellectual Property
Rights"), that are directly or indirectly owned, licensed, used, required for
use or controlled in whole or in part by the Company,
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the Partnership or TransWestern and all licenses and other agreements allowing
the Company, the Partnership or TransWestern to use Intellectual Property Rights
of third parties in the United States. Except as otherwise set forth in Schedule
4.11 (Intellectual Property), TransWestern is the sole and exclusive owner of
the Intellectual Property Rights listed therein, free and clear of any
Encumbrance (other than Permitted Encumbrances) and such Intellectual Property
Rights have not been and are not being challenged in any way or involved in any
pending or threatened unfair competition proceeding. Except as set forth on
Schedule 4.11 (Intellectual Property), there has been and is no claim
challenging the scope, validity or enforceability of any of the Intellectual
Property Rights. Neither the Company, nor the Partnership has infringed, or is
infringing or is subject to any unfair competition claim with respect to any
service xxxx or trade name registration or application therefor, trademark,
trademark registration or application therefor, copyright, copyright
registration or application therefor, patent, patent registration or application
therefor, or any other proprietary or intellectual property right of any person
or entity and neither the Company, the Partnership nor TransWestern has received
or has any knowledge, after due inquiry, of any such claim or other notice of
any such violation or infringement. Except for the licenses listed in Schedule
4.11 (Intellectual Property), neither the Company, the Partnership nor
TransWestern requires any license or other proprietary right to conduct its
business as it is now being conducted.
4.12 Compliance with Laws. The Company, the Partnership and
TransWestern are in compliance with, and the execution and delivery of this
Agreement and the other TransWestern Delivery Documents and the consummation by
the Company, the Partnership and TransWestern of the transactions contemplated
hereby and thereby (including, without limitation, the issuance to the New
Investors of the Class A Units, Preferred Units and Shares pursuant to Section
2.1) will comply with, all federal, state and local statutes, laws, ordinances,
regulations, rules, permits, judgments, orders or decrees applicable to the
Company, the Partnership or TransWestern and there does not exist any basis for
any claim of default under or violation of any such statute, law, ordinance,
regulation, rule, judgment, order or decree except such defaults or violations,
if any, that in the aggregate do not and will not result in a Material Adverse
Effect. The Company, the Partnership and TransWestern are in compliance with (i)
all applicable requirements of all United States, state and local governmental
authorities with respect to environmental protection, including, without
limitation, regulations establishing quality criteria and standards for air,
water, land and hazardous materials, (ii) all applicable requirements of the
Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970 within the United States and all
rules, regulations and orders thereunder and (iii) all applicable laws and
related rules and regulations of all United States jurisdictions affecting labor
union activities, civil rights or employment, including without limitation, in
the United States, the Civil Rights Act of 1964, the Age Discrimination in
Employment Act of 1967, the Equal Employment Opportunity Act of 1972, the
Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, the Equal Pay Act and the
National Labor Relations Act, in each case, other than any such non-compliance
which in the aggregate would not reasonably be expected to have a Material
Adverse Effect.
4.13 Governmental Authorizations and Regulations. Schedule 4.13
lists all material licenses, franchises, permits and other governmental
authorizations held by the Company, the Partnership or TransWestern with respect
to the conduct of their respective businesses. Such licenses, franchises,
permits and other governmental authorizations are valid and neither the Company,
the Partnership nor TransWestern has received any notice that any governmental
authority intends to cancel, terminate or not renew any such license, franchise,
permit or other governmental
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authorization. After the Closing, the Company, the Partnership or TransWestern
will continue to hold all licenses, franchises, permits and other governmental
authorizations necessary to the conduct of their respective businesses as
currently conducted.
4.14 Labor Matters. No employees of the Company, the Partnership
or TransWestern are currently represented by a labor union or labor
organization, no labor union or labor organization has been certified or
recognized as a representative of any such employees, and neither the Company,
the Partnership nor TransWestern have any obligation under any collective
bargaining agreement or other agreement with any labor union or labor
organization that, in any way, affects the Company, the Partnership or
TransWestern. Neither the Company, the Partnership nor TransWestern have any
obligation to recognize or deal with any labor union or labor organization
concerning TransWestern, and there are no union agreements pertaining to or
which determine the terms or conditions of employment of any employee of
TransWestern. There are no pending or, to the Company's, the Partnership's or
TransWestern's knowledge, threatened representation campaigns, elections or
proceedings or investigations concerning union representation involving any
employees of the Company, the Partnership or TransWestern. Neither the Company,
the Partnership nor TransWestern have any knowledge of any activities or efforts
of any labor union or labor organization (or representative thereof) to organize
any employees of the Company, the Partnership or TransWestern nor of any demands
for recognition or collective bargaining, nor of any strikes, slowdowns, work
stoppages or lock-outs of any kind, or threats thereof, by or with respect to
any employees of the Company, the Partnership or TransWestern or any actual or
claimed representative thereof, and no such activities, efforts, demands,
strikes, slowdowns, work stoppages or lock-outs occurred during the three year
period preceding the date hereof. Neither the Company, the Partnership nor
TransWestern is involved in any industrial or trade dispute or any dispute or
negotiation regarding a claim of material importance with any labor union or
labor organization concerning any employee of the Company, the Partnership or
TransWestern, and there are no controversies, claims, demands or grievances of
material importance pending or, so far as the Company, the Partnership or
TransWestern is aware, threatened, between the Company, the Partnership or
TransWestern and any of their respective employees or any actual or claimed
representative thereof.
4.15 Relationships. To the best of their knowledge, the
relationships of TransWestern with material suppliers, distributors, dealers,
sales representatives, customers and others having business relationships with
them are generally satisfactory, and there is no indication of any intention by
any party thereto to terminate or modify the terms of any of such relationships,
except for any termination or modification which would not reasonably be
expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.
4.16 Employees. Except as set forth on Schedule 4.16 (Employees)
attached hereto, there has been no resignation or termination of employment of
any officer or key employee of the Company, the Partnership or TransWestern
(each, a "Key Employee") and neither the Company, the Partnership nor
TransWestern has any knowledge of any impending or threatened resignation or
termination of employment of any Key Employee that would have a material adverse
effect on the operations or business of the Company, the Partnership or
TransWestern. Other than the Employment Agreements being executed and delivered
as of the date hereof and other than obligations that will be assumed in
connection with the acquisition of XxxxxXxxxx.xxx, Inc., neither
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the Company, the Partnership nor TransWestern has entered into any severance or
similar arrangement in respect of any of their respective present or former
employees that will result in any obligation (absolute or contingent) of the
Company, the Partnership or TransWestern to make any payment to any present or
former employees following termination of employment.
4.17 Compliance With Legislation Regulating Environmental
Quality. To the knowledge of the Company, the Partnership and TransWestern,
there are no toxic wastes or other toxic or hazardous substances or materials
being stored or otherwise held on, under or about any of the real properties
owned, leased or used by the Company, the Partnership or TransWestern (the
"Facilities"). The Partnership has maintained the Facilities in compliance in
all material respects with all federal, state and local environmental
protection, occupational, health and safety or similar laws, ordinances,
restrictions, licenses and local environmental protection, occupational, health
and safety or similar laws, ordinances, restrictions, licenses and regulations,
including but not limited to the Federal Water Pollution Control Act (33 U.S.C.
Section 1251 et seq.), Resource Conservation & Recovery Act (42 U.S.C. Section
6901 et seq.), Safe Drinking Water Act (21 U.S.C. Section 349, 42 U.S.C.
Sections 2019 300f), Toxic Substances Control Act (15 U.S.C. Section 2601 et
seq.), Clean Air Act (42 U.S.C. Section 7401 et seq.), Comprehensive
Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act (42 U.S.C. Section 9601
et seq.), California Health & Safety Code (Section 25100 et seq., Section 39000
et seq.), and California Water Code (Section 13000 et seq.). Neither the
Company, the Partnership nor TransWestern is engaged in any printing or
manufacturing activities.
4.18 Brokers. There are no claims for brokerage commissions,
finders' fees or similar compensation in connection with the transactions
contemplated by this Agreement based on any arrangement or agreement binding
upon the Company, the Partnership or TransWestern.
4.19 Payments. Neither the Company, the Partnership nor
TransWestern has, directly or indirectly, paid or delivered any fee, commission
or other sum of money or item or property, however characterized, to any finder,
agent, government official or other party, in the United States or any other
country, which is in any manner related to the business or operations of the
Company, the Partnership or TransWestern, which either the Company, the
Partnership or TransWestern knows or has reason to believe to have been illegal
under any federal, state or local laws of the United States or any other country
having jurisdiction; and neither the Company, the Partnership nor TransWestern
has participated directly in any boycotts or other similar practices affecting
any of their actual or potential customers and have at all times done business
in an open and ethical manner.
4.20 Tax Matters. The Partnership, the Company and TransWestern
(hereinafter referred to collectively as the "Taxpayers") have duly filed all
tax reports and returns required to be filed by them, including all federal,
state, local and foreign tax returns and reports. The Taxpayers have paid in
full all taxes required to be paid by such Taxpayers before such payment became
delinquent. The Taxpayers have made adequate provision, in conformity with
generally accepted accounting principles consistently applied, for the payment
of all taxes which may subsequently become due. All taxes which any Taxpayer has
been required to collect or withhold have been duly collected or withheld and,
to the extent required when due, have been or will be duly paid to the proper
taxing authority. There are no audits known by the Taxpayers to be pending of
the any of the Taxpayers tax returns, and there are no claims which have been
asserted relating to any of the
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Taxpayers' tax returns filed for any year which if determined adversely would
result in the assertion by any governmental agency of any deficiency. There have
been no waivers of statutes of limitations by any of the Taxpayers. None of the
Taxpayers has filed a statement under Section 341(f) of the Internal Revenue
Code of 1986, as may be amended from time to time (the "Code") (or any
comparable state income tax provision) consenting to have the provisions of
Section 341(f)(2) (collapsible corporations provisions) of the Code (or any
comparable state income tax provision) apply to any disposition of any of the
Taxpayers' assets or property. No property of the Taxpayers is property which
the Partnership or the Company is or will be required to treat as owned by
another person pursuant to the provisions of Section 168(f) (safe harbor leasing
provisions) of the Code. Neither of the Taxpayers are a party to any tax-sharing
agreement or similar arrangement with any other party. For the purpose of this
Agreement, any federal, state, local or foreign income, sales, use, transfer,
payroll, personal property, occupancy or other tax, levy, impost, fee,
imposition, assessment or similar charge, together with any related addition to
tax, interest or penalty thereon, is referred to as a "tax." The Partnership has
properly filed an election pursuant to Section 754 of the Code and such election
has not been revoked or otherwise terminated.
4.21 No Untrue Statements. No statements by the Company or the
Partnership contained in this Agreement (including all Exhibits, Schedules and
certificates delivered pursuant hereto) and, to the knowledge of Xxxxxxxx X.
Xxxxx, Xxxxxxx Xxxxxx and Xxxx Xxxxxxx, no written statement (other than budgets
or projections) furnished to the New Investors or their respective
representatives by the Company or the Partnership or at the direction of any
officer thereof contains any untrue statement of a material fact, or omits or
will omit to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statements
therein contained not misleading.
5. Representations and Warranties by the New Investors. Each New
Investor severally represents and warrants to the Partnership and the Company,
and each New Investor acquiring securities from a Selling Investor hereunder
represents and warrants to such Selling Investor, as follows:
5.1 Organization. If such New Investor is an entity, such New
Investors is a corporation, limited partnership, general partnership, limited
liability company, trust or other entity duly organized, validly existing and in
good standing under the laws of the state of its formation and has the power and
authority to carry on its business as now being conducted.
5.2 Authority. Such New Investor has the power to enter into this
Agreement and all other agreements, instruments and documents executed and
delivered by such New Investor pursuant to this Agreement and to carry out its,
his or her obligations hereunder and thereunder. The execution, delivery and
performance of each of documents required to be delivered hereunder by such New
Investor and the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby and
thereby have been duly authorized by such New Investor, and no other proceeding
on the part of such New Investor is necessary to authorize the execution and
delivery of any such documents or the performance of any of the transactions
contemplated hereby or thereby. Assuming due authorization, execution and
delivery of the documents by the other parties thereto, such documents will be
legal, valid and binding obligations of such New Investor enforceable against
such New Investor in accordance with their respective terms.
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5.3 No Violation. Neither the execution, delivery or performance
of any documents required to be delivered hereunder by such New Investor nor
consummation of any of the transactions contemplated thereby (i) will violate or
conflict with the charter document of such New Investor, (ii) will result in any
breach of or default under any provision of any contract or agreement to which
such New Investor is bound or to which any property or assets of such New
Investor is subject, (iii) is prohibited by or requires such New Investor to
obtain or make any consent, authorization, approval, registration or filing
under any statute, law, ordinance, regulation, rule, judgment, decree or order
of any court or governmental agency, board, bureau, body, department or
authority, or of any other person, (iv) will cause any acceleration of maturity
of any note, instrument or other obligation to which such New Investor is bound
or with respect to which such New Investor is an obligor or guarantor or (v)
will result in the creation or imposition of any Encumbrance upon or give to any
other person any interest or right (including any right of termination or
cancellation) in or with respect to any of the properties, assets, business,
agreements or contracts of such New Investor.
5.4 Litigation. There are no actions, suits, proceedings or
investigations, either at law or in equity, or before any commission or other
administrative authority in any United States or foreign jurisdiction, of any
kind now pending or, to the knowledge of such New Investor, threatened or
proposed in any manner, or any circumstances which should or could reasonably
form the basis of any such action, suit, proceeding or investigation, involving
such New Investor or any of its properties or assets that (i) questions the
validity of this Agreement or (ii) seeks to delay, prohibit or restrict in any
manner any action taken or contemplated to be taken by such New Investor under
this Agreement.
5.5 Brokers. All negotiations relative to this Agreement and the
transactions contemplated hereby have been carried on by such New Investor
directly with the Company, the Partnership, TransWestern or the other Investors
and without the intervention of any other person and in such manner so as not to
give rise to any valid claim against any of the parties for a finder's fee,
brokerage commission or like payment.
5.6 No Untrue Statements. No statement by such New Investor
contained in this Agreement and no written statement contained in any
certificate or other document required to be furnished by any officer, employee,
counsel or other agent of such New Investor pursuant to this Agreement contains
or will contain any untrue statement of a material fact, or omits or will omit
to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein
contained not misleading.
5.7 Acquisition for Investment. Such New Investor is acquiring
the securities being acquired by such New Investor hereunder (such New
Investor's, "Acquired Securities"), as appropriate, for investment for its, his
or her own account, and not with a view to, or for offer or sale in connection
with, any distribution thereof in violation of applicable securities laws. Such
New Investor understands that such New Investor's Acquired Securities cannot be
sold, transferred or otherwise disposed of without registration under the
Securities Act of 1933 and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder, as
amended (the "1933 Act") or an exemption therefrom, and that in the absence of
an effective registration statement covering such New Investor's Acquired
Securities or an available exemption from registration from the 1933 Act, such
New Investor's Acquired Securities must be held indefinitely. In particular,
such New Investor is aware that its
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Acquired Securities may not be sold pursuant to Rule 144 promulgated under the
1933 Act unless all of the conditions of that Rule are met. Such New Investor
acknowledges that any certificates evidencing such Acquired Securities to be
owned by such New Investor following the Closing shall bear appropriate legends
evidencing the foregoing. Such New Investor represents that it has such
knowledge and experience in financial and business matters as to be capable of
evaluating the merits and risks of its execution and delivery of this Agreement
and the other agreements, instruments or documents to be delivered by such New
Investor hereunder and the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby
and thereby. Such New Investor is "accredited," as such term is defined in the
regulations promulgated under the 1933 Act or has delivered an investor
qualification statement acceptable to the Company and the Partnership indicating
that such New Investor is not "accredited".
6. Representations and Warranties of the Selling Investors. Each Selling
Investor severally represents and warrants to the Partnership, the Company and
each New Investor that is acquiring securities hereunder from such Investor as
follows:
6.1 Organization. If such Selling Investor is an entity, such
Selling Investor is a corporation, limited partnership, general partnership,
limited liability company, trust or other entity duly organized, validly
existing and in good standing under the laws of the state of its formation and
has the power and authority to carry on its business as now being conducted.
6.2 Authority. Such Selling Investor has the power to enter into
this Agreement and all other agreements, instruments and documents executed and
delivered by such Selling Investor pursuant to this Agreement and to carry out
its, his or her obligations hereunder and thereunder. The execution, delivery
and performance of each of documents required to be delivered hereunder by such
Selling Investor and the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby
and thereby have been duly authorized by such Selling Investor, and no other
proceeding on the part of such Selling Investor is necessary to authorize the
execution and delivery of any such documents or the performance of any of the
transactions contemplated hereby or thereby. Assuming due authorization,
execution and delivery of the documents by the other parties thereto, such
documents will be legal, valid and binding obligations of such Selling Investor
enforceable against such Selling Investor in accordance with their respective
terms.
6.3 No Violation. Neither the execution, delivery or performance
of any documents required to be delivered hereunder by such Selling Investor nor
consummation of any of the transactions contemplated thereby (i) will violate or
conflict with the charter document of such Selling Investor, (ii) will result in
any breach of or default under any provision of any contract or agreement to
which such Selling Investor is bound or to which any property or assets of such
Selling Investor is subject, (iii) is prohibited by or requires such Selling
Investor to obtain or make any consent, authorization, approval, registration or
filing under any statute, law, ordinance, regulation, rule, judgment, decree or
order of any court or governmental agency, board, bureau, body, department or
authority, or of any other person, (iv) will cause any acceleration of maturity
of any note, instrument or other obligation to which such Selling Investor is
bound or with respect to which such Selling Investor is an obligor or guarantor
or (v) will result in the creation or imposition of any Encumbrance upon or give
to any other person any interest or right (including any right of termination or
cancellation) in or with respect to any of the properties, assets, business,
agreements or contracts of such Selling Investor.
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6.4 Ownership of Securities. Such Selling Investor owns the
securities being transferred by such Selling Investor hereunder, free and clear
of any and all Encumbrances and all of the foregoing securities are duly
authorized and validly issued and fully paid and non-assessable and none were
issued in violation of any preemptive or other right.
6.5 Litigation. There are no actions, suits, proceedings or
investigations, either at law or in equity, or before any commission or other
administrative authority in any United States or foreign jurisdiction, of any
kind now pending or threatened or proposed in any manner, or any circumstances
which should or could reasonably form the basis of any such action, suit,
proceeding or investigation, involving such Selling Investor or any of its
properties or assets that (i) questions the validity of this Agreement or (ii)
seeks to delay, prohibit or restrict in any manner any action taken or
contemplated to be taken by such Selling Investor under this Agreement.
6.6 Brokers. All negotiations relative to this Agreement and the
transactions contemplated hereby have been carried on by such Selling Investor
directly with the Company, the Partnership, TransWestern or the other Investors
and without the intervention of any other person and in such manner as not to
give rise to any valid claim against any of the parties for a finder's fee,
brokerage commission or like payment.
6.7 No Untrue Statements. No statement by such Selling Investor
contained in this Agreement and no written statement contained in any
certificate or other document required to be furnished by any officer, employee,
counsel or other agent of such Selling Investor pursuant to this Agreement
contains or will contain any untrue statement of a material fact, or omits or
will omit to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statements
therein contained not misleading.
6.8 Knowledge; Access. Such Selling Investor represents that it
has such knowledge and experience in financial and business matters as to be
capable of evaluating the merits and risks of its execution and delivery of this
Agreement and the other documents being executed and delivered by such Selling
Investor pursuant hereto and the consummation of the transactions contemplated
hereby and thereby. Such Selling Investor further represents that it has had
access to, and prior to its execution of this Agreement, the opportunity to ask
questions of, and receive answers from, the Company and the Partnership and
their respective officers concerning the terms and conditions of the
transactions contemplated hereby and to obtain additional information (to the
extent that either the Company or the Partnership possessed such information (or
could acquire it without unreasonable effort or expense) necessary to verify the
accuracy of any information furnished to it or to which it had access.
7. Covenants of the Parties. Each of the parties hereto, as applicable,
covenants and agrees as follows:
7.1 Non-Solicitation. Each Investor, on behalf of itself and its
affiliates, agrees that for a period of two (2) years after the Closing Date
(the "Non-Solicitation Period"), such Investor shall not, directly or
indirectly, solicit the employment (in any capacity) of or hire any employee of
the Partnership, the Company, TransWestern or any of their subsidiaries without
the prior written consent of Company. Each Investor agrees that it will not
directly or indirectly divulge or appropriate for his, her or its own use, or
for the use of any third party, any secret or confidential
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information or knowledge obtained by such Investor concerning the business of
the Company, the Partnership, TransWestern and any of their subsidiaries. This
obligation of secrecy shall not apply to information which (i) is or becomes
part of the public domain other than through breach of this Agreement or
directly or indirectly through the fault of such Investor from an unaffiliated
source, which source has no obligation of secrecy to any party hereunder or (ii)
is required to be disclosed by law or government order (but only to the extent
so required). Each Investor recognizes and affirms that in the event of breach
of any of the provisions of this Section 7.1, money damages would be inadequate
and the Company, the Partnership and TransWestern would have no adequate remedy
at law. Accordingly, such Investor agrees that the Company, the Partnership and
TransWestern shall have the right, in addition to any other rights and remedies
existing in their favor, to enforce their rights and such Investor's obligations
under this Section 8.1 not only by an action or actions for damages, but also by
an action or actions for specific performance, injunctive and/or other equitable
relief in order to enforce or prevent any violations (whether anticipatory,
continuing or future) of this Section 8.1. The obligations of each Investor
pursuant to this Section 8.1 are several and applicable only to such Investor.
7.2 Manager's Non-Competition Agreement. Each Manager
acknowledges that in the course of his or her employment with the Partnership,
TransWestern and their predecessors he or she has become familiar with
TransWestern's trade secrets and with other confidential information concerning
the Company, the Partnership, TransWestern and their predecessors and that his
or her services have been and will be of special, unique and extraordinary value
to the Partnership, the Company and TransWestern. Therefore, such Manager agrees
that, for the period commencing on the Closing Date and ending on the later of
the second anniversary of the Closing Date and the first anniversary of the date
of termination of such Manager's employment with TransWestern or its
subsidiaries (the "Noncompete Period"), he or she shall not directly or
indirectly own, manage, control, participate in, consult with, render services
for, or in any manner engage in any yellow page directory publishing business or
any business competing for the same customers as the businesses of the
TransWestern or its subsidiaries as such businesses exist or are in process
during the Noncompete Period within any markets (or markets contiguous thereto)
in which the TransWestern or its subsidiaries engage or plan to engage in such
businesses during the Noncompete Period. Nothing herein shall prohibit such
Manager from (i) being a passive owner of not more than 5% of the outstanding
stock of any class of any corporation, so long as such Manager has no active
participation in the business of such corporation or (ii) becoming employed by a
competitor; provided that such Manager is not directly or indirectly responsible
for, or does not have control over, the business of such competitor which
directly competes with any of the businesses of the Partnership, TransWestern or
its subsidiaries.
7.3 Code Section 754 Election. The Partnership agrees to take all
reasonable efforts to ensure that it has an election pursuant to Section 754 of
the Code in effect for the taxable period ending on the Closing Date.
8. Miscellaneous.
8.1 Non-Survival of Representations and Warranties; Release Upon
Closing. None of the representations and warranties in this Agreement (other
than Sections 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.18, 5.1, 5.2, 5.5, 6.1, 6.2, 6.4, and 6.6) shall
survive the Closing. Following consummation of the Closing,
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any breach of representations or warranties by any party shall be deemed to be
waived by all other parties, and such other parties shall be deemed to fully
release and forever discharge the breaching party on account of any and all
claims, demands or charges, known or unknown with respect to the same, except
that nothing in this Section 8.1 shall be construed so as to limit the ability
of any party to bring a claim or action against any other person for fraud or
intentional tort committed directly by such person. The foregoing provision
shall not limit any covenant or agreement of any of the parties which by its
terms contemplates performance after the Closing.
8.2 Selling Investors' Post-Closing Access. The Company, the
Partnership, TransWestern and their subsidiaries shall fully cooperate with the
Selling Investors, to make available to the Selling Investors such assistance
and financial, tax and other information (including the books and records of the
Company, the Partnership and TransWestern) reasonably requested by any of the
Selling Investors in connection with (a) any audit or other investigation by any
taxing authority or any required reports or submissions to governmental entities
relating to any period (or portion thereof) ending on or before the Closing
Date, and (b) matters relating to insurance coverage of the Company, Partnership
and TransWestern, third-party litigation, claims, proceedings and investigations
involving the Company and the Partnership, if any. The Company, the Partnership
and TransWestern shall preserve such information and such books and records for
at least four years after the Closing Date.
8.3 Assignment. Neither this Agreement nor any of the rights or
obligations hereunder may be assigned by any Investor hereto without the prior
written consent of the Company and the Partnership and neither this Agreement
nor any of the rights or obligations hereunder may be assigned by the Company,
the Partnership or TransWestern without the consent of the New Investors holding
a majority of the Class A Units of the Partnership. Subject to the foregoing,
this Agreement shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the parties
hereto and their respective successors and assigns, and no other person shall
have any right, benefit or obligation hereunder.
8.4 Notices. Unless otherwise provided herein, any notice,
request, instruction or other document to be given hereunder by any party to the
others shall be in writing and delivered in person or by courier, by facsimile
transmission or mailed by certified or registered mail, postage prepaid, return
receipt requested and shall be deemed to have been given when delivered
personally to the recipient, one business day after being sent to the recipient
by reputable overnight courier service (charges prepaid for overnight delivery)
or five business days after being mailed to the recipient by certified or
registered mail, return receipt requested and postage prepaid, as follows:
If to the Partnership
or the Company: TransWestern Holdings, L.P.
0000 Xxxxxxxxxx Xxxx Xxxxxxxxx
Xxx Xxxxx, Xxxxxxxxxx 00000
Attn: Xxxxxxx Xxxxxx
Xxxxxxxx X. Xxxxx
With a copy to: Xxxxxxxx & Xxxxx
000 Xxxx Xxxxxxxx Xxxxx, 00xx Xxxxx
Xxxxxxx, Xxxxxxxx 00000
Attn: Xxxxxxx X. Xxxxxx, P.C.
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With a copy to: Xxxxxx X. Xxx Company
00 Xxxxx Xxxxxx
Xxxxxx, Xxxxxxxxxxxxx 00000
Attn: X. Xxxxxx Xxxx
If to any Investor: To the addresses set forth with respect to
such Investors on the Schedule of Selling
Investors or Schedule of New Investors,
as applicable
or to such other place and with such other copies as either party may designate
as to itself by written notice to the others.
8.5 Choice of Law. This Agreement shall be construed, interpreted
and the rights of the parties determined in accordance with the laws of the
State of New York except with respect to matters of law concerning the internal
corporate affairs of any corporate entity which is a party to or the subject of
this Agreement, and as to those matters the law of the jurisdiction under which
the respective entity derives its powers shall govern.
8.6 No Third Party Rights. Except as otherwise specifically
provided herein, nothing in this Agreement shall be construed to give any person
or entity other the Partnership, the Company, TransWestern and the Investors any
legal or equitable right, remedy or claim under this Agreement. This Agreement
shall be for the sole and exclusive benefit of the foregoing parties and their
respective permitted successors, assigns, heirs and personal representatives.
8.7 Entire Agreement; Amendments and Waivers. This Agreement,
together with all exhibits and schedules hereto and all Executive Agreements
executed at any time prior to the date hereof by any Manager or other party
hereto, constitutes the entire agreement among the parties pertaining to the
subject matter hereof and supersedes all prior agreements, understandings,
negotiations and discussions, whether oral or written, of the parties. No
supplement, modification or waiver of this Agreement shall be binding unless
executed in writing by the Partnership, the Company and the New Investors
holding a majority of the Class A Units. No waiver of any of the provisions of
this Agreement shall be deemed or shall constitute a waiver of any other
provision hereof (whether or not similar), nor shall such waiver constitute a
continuing waiver unless otherwise expressly provided.
8.8 Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in one or more
counterparts, each of which shall be deemed an original, but all of which
together shall constitute one and the same instrument.
8.9 Attorneys' Fees. If any party to this Agreement brings an
action to enforce its rights under this Agreement, the prevailing party shall be
entitled to recover its costs and expenses, including without limitation
reasonable attorneys' fees, incurred in connection with such action, including
any appeal of such action.
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8.10 Invalidity. In the event that any one or more of the
provisions contained in this Agreement or in any other instrument referred to
herein, shall, for any reason, be held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable
in any respect, such invalidity, illegality or unenforceability shall not affect
any other provision of this Agreement or of any other such instrument.
8.11 Headings. The headings of the Paragraphs and Sections herein
are inserted for convenience of reference only and are not intended to be a part
of or to affect the meaning or interpretation of this Agreement.
8.12 Expenses. The Partnership and the Company shall pay all
costs and expenses, including legal, accounting and other professional fees,
incurred by each of the Investors in connection with the negotiation,
preparation, and execution of this Agreement.
8.13 Remedies. All rights, remedies, undertakings, obligations,
options, covenants, conditions and agreements contained in this Agreement or
provided by law shall be cumulative and no one of them shall be exclusive of any
other.
8.14 Further Assurances. The parties agree to cooperate and take
such further action and execute such documents, instruments and certificates as
may reasonably be required in order to more effectively carry out the terms of
this Agreement and the intentions of the parties.
8.15 Waiver. Each of the Investors that were party to the
Investors Agreement, dated October 1, 1997 (the "1997 Investors Agreement"),
acknowledge the transfers and issuances of securities contemplated hereby and
consent to such transfers and issuances pursuant to the terms hereof and waive
any first refusal, pre-emptive or other similar rights such Investor may have
had under the 1997 Investors Agreements with respect to such issuances and
transfers. Specifically and without limited the generality of the foregoing,
each such Investor hereby waives (i) any right of such Investor pursuant to
Section 2(d) of the 1997 Investors Agreement to participate in the issuances of
Preferred Units, Class A Units and Shares being made pursuant to this Agreement
and the transactions contemplated hereby and (ii) any right of such Investor
pursuant to Section 2(c) of the 1997 Investors Agreement to participate in the
sale of Preferred Units, Class A Units and Shares being made pursuant to this
Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby.
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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have executed this Agreement, or
have caused this Agreement to be duly executed on their respective behalf by
their respective officers thereunto duly authorized, as of the day and year
first above written.
PARTNERSHIP:
TRANSWESTERN HOLDINGS, L.P.
By: TRANSWESTERN COMMUNICATIONS COMPANY, INC.
Its General Partner
By: /s/ Xxxx X. Xxxxxxx
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Title: Vice President, Chief Financial Officer
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COMPANY:
TRANSWESTERN COMMUNICATIONS COMPANY, INC.
By: /s/ Xxxx X. Xxxxxxx
---------------------------------------------------------
Title: Vice President, Chief Financial Officer
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TRANSWESTERN:
TRANSWESTERN PUBLISHING COMPANY, LLC
By: /s/ Xxxx X. Xxxxxxx
---------------------------------------------------------
Title: Vice President, Chief Financial Officer
---------------------------------------------------------
INVESTORS:
/s/ Xxxx Xxxxx Xxxxxxx
---------------------------------------------------------------
Name: Xxxx Xxxxx Xxxxxxx
/s/ Xxxxxxx X. Xxxxxxx
---------------------------------------------------------------
Name: Xxxxxxx X. Xxxxxxx
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/s/ Xxxxxx Xxxxxxx
---------------------------------------------------------------
Name: Xxxxxx Xxxxxxx
/s/ Xxxxxxx Xxxx
---------------------------------------------------------------
Name: Xxxxxxx Xxxx
/s/ Xxxx X. Xxxxxxxx
---------------------------------------------------------------
Name: Xxxx X. Xxxxxxxx
/s/ Xxxxx X. Xxxxxxxx
---------------------------------------------------------------
Name: Xxxxx X. Xxxxxxxx
/s/ Lauren Xxxxxx Xxxxxxxx
---------------------------------------------------------------
Name: Lauren Xxxxxx Xxxxxxxx
/s/ W. Xxxxxxx Xxxxxx
---------------------------------------------------------------
Name: W. Xxxxxxx Xxxxxx
/s/ Xxxxxx XxXxxxx
---------------------------------------------------------------
Name: Xxxxxx XxXxxxx
XXXXX 1997 CHILDREN'S TRUST--XXXXX XXXXX
/s/ Xxxxx Xxxxx
---------------------------------------------------------------
By: Xxxxx Xxxxx, its Trustee
BLOCH 1997 CHILDREN'S TRUST--XXXXXXX XXXXX
/s/ Xxxxx Xxxxx
---------------------------------------------------------------
By: Xxxxx Xxxxx, its Trustee
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XXXXXXXX X. XXXXX DECLARATION OF TRUST
/s/ Xxxxxxxx X. Xxxxx
---------------------------------------------------------------
By: Xxxxxxxx X. Xxxxx, its Trustee
/s/ Xxxxxxx Xxxxxxx
---------------------------------------------------------------
Name: Xxxxxxx Xxxxxxx
/s/ Xxxxxx Xxxxxxx
---------------------------------------------------------------
Name: Xxxxxx Xxxxxxx
/s/ Xxxxxxx Xxxxxxx
---------------------------------------------------------------
Name: Xxxxxxx Xxxxxxx
XXXXXXX FAMILY TRUST
/s/ Xxxx X. Xxxxxxx
---------------------------------------------------------------
By: Xxxx X. Xxxxxxx, its Trustee
/s/ Rock X. Xxxx
---------------------------------------------------------------
Name: Rock X. Xxxx
/s/ Xxxxx X. Xxxxxxx
---------------------------------------------------------------
Name: Xxxxx X. Xxxxxxx
/s/ Ita Xxxx Xxxxxxx
---------------------------------------------------------------
Name: Ita Xxxx Xxxxxxx
/s/ Xxxxxx Xxxxx
---------------------------------------------------------------
Name: Xxxxxx Xxxxx
/s/ Xxxxxxx Xxxxxx
---------------------------------------------------------------
Name: Xxxxxxx Xxxxxx
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/s/ Xxxxxx Xxxxxxx
---------------------------------------------------------------
Name: Xxxxxx Xxxxxxx
XXXXXXXX XXXXXXX TRUST
/s/ Xxxxxxxx Xxxxxxx
---------------------------------------------------------------
By: Xxxxxxxx Xxxxxxx, its Trustee
XXXXXXX XXXXXX 1995 TRUST
/s/ Xxxxxxx Xxxxxx
---------------------------------------------------------------
By: Xxxxxxx Xxxxxx, its Trustee
XXXXXXX XXXXXX LIVING TRUST
/s/ Xxxxxxx Xxxxxx
---------------------------------------------------------------
By: Xxxxxxx Xxxxxx, its Trustee
BAR XXXX XXXXXX III AND XXXX XXXX SUSTER FAMILY TRUST
/s/ Xxxx Xxxx Suster
---------------------------------------------------------------
By: Xxxx Xxxx Suster, Trustee
/s/ Xxxxxxx X. Xxxxxx
---------------------------------------------------------------
Name: Xxxxxxx X. Xxxxxx
XXXXXXXX XXXXX AND XXXXX X. XXXXX LIVING TRUST
/s/ Xxxxxxxx Xxxxx
---------------------------------------------------------------
By: Xxxxxxxx Xxxxx, Trustee
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/s/ Xxxx Xxxxxxx
---------------------------------------------------------------
Name: Xxxx Xxxxxxx
XXXXXXX AND XXXXXXX XXXXX LIVING TRUST
/s/ Xxxxxxx Xxxxx
---------------------------------------------------------------
By: Xxxxxxx Xxxxx, Trustee
/s/ Xxxxx X. Xxxxxxxxxx, Xx.
---------------------------------------------------------------
Name: Xxxxx X. Xxxxxxxxxx, Xx.
XXX/XXXXXXXX FAMILY TRUST
/s/ Xxxxxxx Xxxxxxxx
---------------------------------------------------------------
By: Xxxxxxx Xxxxxxxx, Trustee
/s/ Xxxx X. Xxxxxxxx
---------------------------------------------------------------
Name: Xxxx X. Xxxxxxxx
/s/ Xxxxxxx Xxxx
---------------------------------------------------------------
Name: Xxxxxxx Xxxx
/s/ Xxx X. Xxxxxxxxx
---------------------------------------------------------------
Name: Xxx X. Xxxxxxxxx
/s/ Xxxxx Xxxxxxx
---------------------------------------------------------------
Name: Xxxxx Xxxxxxx
/s/ Xxxx Xxxxxxx Xxxxxx
---------------------------------------------------------------
Name: Xxxx Xxxxxxx Xxxxxx
/s/ Xxxxxxx X. Xxxxxx
---------------------------------------------------------------
Name: Xxxxxxx X. Xxxxxx
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/s/ Xxxxx Xxxx Xxxxxx
---------------------------------------------------------------
Name: Xxxxx Xxxx Xxxxxx
/s/ Xxxx X. Xxxxxxxx
---------------------------------------------------------------
Name: Xxxx X. Xxxxxxxx
/s/ Xxxxxxx Xxxxxx
---------------------------------------------------------------
Name: Xxxxxxx Xxxxxx
/s/ Xxxxxxxx X. Xxxxx
---------------------------------------------------------------
Name: Xxxxxxxx X. Xxxxx
/s/ Xxxxxxxx Xxxxxxx
---------------------------------------------------------------
Name: Xxxxxxxx Xxxxxxx
/s/ Xxxx Xxxxxxx
---------------------------------------------------------------
Name: Xxxx Xxxxxxx
/s/ Xxxxxxx Xxxxx
---------------------------------------------------------------
Name: Xxxxxxx Xxxxx
/s/ Xxxx Xxxxxx
---------------------------------------------------------------
Name: Xxxx Xxxxxx
/s/ Xxxxxxxx X. Xxxxx
---------------------------------------------------------------
Name: Xxxxxxxx X. Xxxxx
/s/ Xxxxxxx Xxxxxxxx
---------------------------------------------------------------
Name: Xxxxxxx Xxxxxxxx
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CIBC WG ARGOSY MERCHANT FUND 2, L.L.C.
By: /s/ Xxxxx X. Xxxxx
----------------------------------------------------------
Name: Xxxxx X. Xxxxx
Its: Executive Director
CO-INVESTMENT MERCHANT FUND 2, L.L.C.
By: /s/ Xxxxx X. Xxxxx
----------------------------------------------------------
Name: Xxxxx X. Xxxxx
Its: Attorney-in-Fact
CO-INVESTMENT MERCHANT FUND 3, L.L.C.
By: /s/ Xxxxx X. Xxxxx
----------------------------------------------------------
Name: Xxxxx X. Xxxxx
Its: Attorney-in-Fact
CIVC PARTNERS III GP
By: /s/ Xxxxxx Xxxxxx
----------------------------------------------------------
Name: Xxxxxx Xxxxxx
Its: Partner
CIVC PARTNERS FUND, L.P.
By: /s/ Xxxxxx Xxxxxx
----------------------------------------------------------
Name: Xxxxxx Xxxxxx
Its: Partner
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CONTINENTAL ILLINOIS VENTURE CORPORATION
By: /s/ Xxxxxx Xxxxxx
----------------------------------------------------------
Name: Xxxxxx Xxxxxx
Its: Partner
CIVC PARTNERS III
By: /s/ Xxxxxx Xxxxxx
----------------------------------------------------------
Name: Xxxxxx Xxxxxx
Its: Partner
CIVC PARTNERS IIIA
By: /s/ Xxxxxx Xxxxxx
----------------------------------------------------------
Name: Xxxxxx Xxxxxx
Its: Partner
CIVC ASSOCIATES FUND II
By: /s/ Xxxxxx Xxxxxx
----------------------------------------------------------
Name: Xxxxxx Xxxxxx
Its: Partner
/s/ Xxxxxx X. Xxxxx
---------------------------------------------------------------
Name: Xxxxxx X. Xxxxx
/s/ Xxxxxxxxxxx X. Xxxxx
---------------------------------------------------------------
Name: Xxxxxxxxxxx X. Xxxxx
/s/ Xxx X. Xxxxxxxx
---------------------------------------------------------------
Name: Xxx X. Xxxxxxxx
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/s/ Xxxxxx X. Xxx Xxxx, Xx.
---------------------------------------------------------------
Name: Xxxxxx X. Xxx Xxxx, Xx.
/s/ Xxxxxx X. Xxxxxx
---------------------------------------------------------------
Name: Xxxxxx X. Xxxxxx
FIRST UNION MERCHANT BANKING-1997, LLC
By: /s/ Xxxxx Xxxxxx
---------------------------------------------------------
Name: Xxxxx Xxxxxx
Its: Partner
FIRST UNION CAPITAL PARTNERS 2001, LLC
By: /s/ Xxxxx Xxxxxx
---------------------------------------------------------
Name: Xxxxx Xxxxxx
Its: Partner
PROVIDENCE EQUITY PARTNERS III L.P.
By: Providence Equity GP III LP, its general partner
By: Providence Equity Partners III L.L.C., its general partner
By: /s/ Xxxxxxxxxxx Xxxxxx
---------------------------------------------------------
Name: Xxxxxxxxxxx Xxxxxx
Its: Partner
PROVIDENCE EQUITY OPERATING PARTNERS III L.P.
By: Providence Equity GP III LP, its general partner
By: Providence Equity Partners III L.L.C., its general partner
By: /s/ Xxxxxxxxxxx Xxxxxx
---------------------------------------------------------
Name: Xxxxxxxxxxx Xxxxxx
Its: Partner
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XXXXXX X. XXX EQUITY FUND III, L.P.
By: THL Equity Advisors Limited Partnership III, its general partner
By: THL Equity Trust III, its general partner
By: /s/ Xxxxxx X. Xxx
---------------------------------------------------------
Name: Xxxxxx X. Xxx
Its: Chairman
TW INTEREST HOLDING CORP.
By: /s/ Xxxxx X. Xxxxxx
---------------------------------------------------------
Its: President
XXXXXX X. XXX FOREIGN FUND III, L.P.
By: THL Equity Advisors Limited Partnership III, its general partner
By: THL Equity Trust III, its general partner
By: /s/ Xxxxxx X. Xxx
---------------------------------------------------------
Name: Xxxxxx X. Xxx
Its: Chairman
XXXXXX X. XXX INVESTORS LIMITED PARTNERSHIP
(f/k/a THL-CCI LIMITED PARTNERSHIP)
By: THL Investment Management Corp., its general partner
By: /s/ Xxxxxx X. Xxx
---------------------------------------------------------
Name: Xxxxxx X. Xxx
Its: Director
/s/ Xxxxx X. Xxxxxxx
---------------------------------------------------------------
Name: Xxxxx X. Xxxxxxx
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THE 1995 HARKINS GIFT TRUST
/s/ Xxxxxxx X. Xxxxxxx, Trustee
---------------------------------------------------------------
Name: Xxxxxxx X. Xxxxxxx
Its: Trustee
/s/ Xxxxxx X. Xxxxxxxx
---------------------------------------------------------------
Name: Xxxxxx X. Xxxxxxxx
/s/ Xxxxx X. Xxxxxx
---------------------------------------------------------------
Name: Xxxxx X. Xxxxxx
/s/ X. Xxxxxx Xxxx
---------------------------------------------------------------
Name: X. Xxxxxx Xxxx
/s/ Xxxxx X. Xxxxxxxx
---------------------------------------------------------------
Name: Xxxxx X. Xxxxxxxx
/s/ Xxxxxxx X. XxXxxx
---------------------------------------------------------------
Name: Xxxxxxx X. XxXxxx
/s/ Xxxxxx X. Xxxxxxx
---------------------------------------------------------------
Name: Xxxxxx X. Xxxxxxx
/s/ Xxxxxx X. Xxxxx, Xx.
---------------------------------------------------------------
Name: Xxxxxx X. Xxxxx, Xx.
/s/ Xxxx X. Xxxxx
---------------------------------------------------------------
Name: Xxxx X. Xxxxx
/s/ Xxxxxx X. Xxxxxxxxx
---------------------------------------------------------------
Name: Xxxxxx X. Xxxxxxxxx
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/s/ Xxxx X. Xxxxxx
---------------------------------------------------------------
Name: Xxxx X. Xxxxxx
/s/ Xxxxxxxx X. Xxxxxx
---------------------------------------------------------------
Name: Xxxxxxxx X. Xxxxxx
/s/ Xxxx X. Xxxxxxxx
---------------------------------------------------------------
Name: Xxxx X. Xxxxxxxx
/s/ Xxxxx X. Xxxxxx
---------------------------------------------------------------
Name: Xxxxx X. Xxxxxx
/s/ Xxxxxx X. Xxxxxxx
---------------------------------------------------------------
Name: Xxxxxx X. Xxxxxxx
/s/ Xxxxxxxx X. Xxxxxxxx Xxxxx
---------------------------------------------------------------
Name: Xxxxxxxx X. Xxxxxxxx Xxxxx
/s/ Xxxxxx X. Xxxxxxxx
---------------------------------------------------------------
Name: Xxxxxx X. Xxxxxxxx
/s/ Xxxxxx X. Xxxxxx
---------------------------------------------------------------
Name: Xxxxxx X. Xxxxxx
/s/ Xxxxxxx X. Xxxxxx
---------------------------------------------------------------
Name: Xxxxxxx X. Xxxxxx
/s/ Xxxxx Xxxxxx
---------------------------------------------------------------
Name: Xxxxx Xxxxxx
WCS TRUSTEE XXXXXX XXXXX IRREVOCABLE FAMILY TRUST
By: /s/ X.X. Xxxxx
---------------------------------------------------------
Its: Trustee
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/s/ Xxxxxxx X. Xxxxxxx
---------------------------------------------------------------
Name: Xxxxxxx X. Xxxxxxx
/s/ Xxxxxxx X. Xxxxxx
---------------------------------------------------------------
Name: Xxxxxxx X. Xxxxxx
/s/ Xxxxx Xxxxxxxxx
---------------------------------------------------------------
Name: Xxxxx Xxxxxxxxx
/s/ Xxxxxxx X. Xxx
---------------------------------------------------------------
Name: Xxxxxxx X. Xxx
THL EQUITY FUND V BRIDGE CORP.
By: /s/ Xxxxx X. Xxxxxx
----------------------------------------------------------
Its: President
XXXXX FAMILY LIMITED PARTNERSHIP
By: /s/ X.X. Xxxxx
----------------------------------------------------------
Its: Partner
/s/ Xxxxxxx X. Xxx
---------------------------------------------------------------
Name: Xxxxxxx X. Xxx
CAYMAN BLOCKER I CORP.
By: /s/ Xxxxx X. Xxxxxx
----------------------------------------------------------
Its: President
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PARALLEL BLOCKER I CORP.
By: /s/ Xxxxx X. Xxxxxx
----------------------------------------------------------
Its: President
STATE STREET BANK AND TRUST COMPANY, not
personally, but solely as Trustee under the 1997 Xxxxxx X.
Xxx Nominee Trust
By: /s/ Xxxxxx X. Xxxxxxx
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Its: Vice President
XXXXXX INVESTMENTS HOLDINGS, LLC
By: Xxxxxx Investments Holdings, LLC, its Managing Member
By: Xxxxxx Investments, LLC, its Managing Member
By: /s/ Xxxxxxx X. Xxxxxxxxxx
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Its: Managing Director
XXXXXX INVESTMENTS EMPLOYEES' SECURITIES COMPANY I LLC
By: Xxxxxx Investments Holdings, LLC, its Managing Member
By: Xxxxxx Investments, LLC, its Managing Member
By: /s/ Xxxxxxx X. Xxxxxxxxxx
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Its: Managing Director
XXXXXX INVESTMENTS EMPLOYEES' SECURITIES COMPANY II LLC
By: Xxxxxx Investments Holdings, LLC, its Managing Member
By: Xxxxxx Investments, LLC, its Managing Member
By: /s/ Xxxxxxx X. Xxxxxxxxxx
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Its: Managing Director
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XXXXXX X. XXX INVESTORS LIMITED PARTNERSHIP (f/k/a/ THL-CCI LIMITED
PARTNERSHIP)
By: THL Investment Management Corp., its General Partner
By: /s/ Xxxxxx X. Xxx
----------------------------------------------------------
Its: Director
THL EQUITY TRUST III
By: /s/ Xxxxxx X. Xxx
----------------------------------------------------------
Its: Chairman
XXXXXX FAMILY LIMITED PARTNERSHIP
By: /s/ Xxxxx Xxxxxx
----------------------------------------------------------
Its: Partner
XXXXXXXX FAMILY LIMITED PARTNERSHIP
By: /s/ Xxxxx Xxxxxxxx
----------------------------------------------------------
Its: Partner
THL EQUITY ADVISORS III LIMITED PARTNERSHIP
By: THL Equity Trust III, its General Partner
By: /s/ Xxxxxx X. Xxx
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Its: Chairman
