This Joint Filing Agreement confirms the agreement by and among the undersigned that the Schedule 13G is filed on behalf of each of the reporting person(s) identified below. Legg Mason Capital Management, Inc. By:_____/s/_Nicholas C....

This Joint Filing Agreement confirms the agreement by and among the undersigned
that the Schedule 13G is filed on behalf of each of the reporting person(s)
identified below.

Xxxx Xxxxx Capital Management, Inc.


By:_____/s/_Nicholas C. Milano____________________________
        Xxxxxxxx X. Xxxxxx, Chief Compliance Officer

Xxxx Special Investment Trust, Inc.


By:___/s/_Gregory T. Merz_________________________________
      Xxxxxxx X. Xxxx, Vice President

LMM LLC


By:_____/s/_Nicholas C. Milano____________________________
        Xxxxxxxx X. Xxxxxx, Chief Compliance Officer