BY-LAWS
OF
SEI LIQUID ASSET TRUST
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Section 1. Agreement and Declaration of
Trust and Principal Office
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1.1 AGREEMENT AND DECLARATION OF TRUST. These By-Laws shall be subject to
the Agreement and Declaration of Trust, as from time to time in effect (the
"Declaration of Trust"), of SEI LIQUID ASSET TRUST, the Massachusetts business
trust established by the Declaration of Trust (the "Trust").
1.2 PRINCIPAL OFFICE OF THE TRUST. The principal office of the Trust shall
be located in Boston, Massachusetts.
Section 2. Shareholders
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2.1 MEETINGS. A meeting of the shareholders of the Trust or by any one or
more series of shares may be called at any time by the Trustees, by the
president or, if the Trustees and the president shall fail to call any meeting
of shareholders for a period of 30 days after written application of one or more
shareholders who at least 10% of all outstanding shares of the Trust, if
shareholders of all series are required under Declaration of Trust to vote the
aggregate and not by individual series at such meeting, or of any series, if
shareholders of such series are entitled under the Declaration of Trust to vote
by individual series at such meeting, then such shareholders may call such
meeting. If the meeting is a meeting of the shareholders of one or more series
of shares, but not a meeting of all shareholders of the Trust, then only the
shareholders of such one or more series shall be entitled to notice of and to
vote at the meeting. Each call of a meeting shall state the place, date, hour
and purpose of the meeting.
2.2 SPECIAL MEETINGS. A special meeting of the shareholders may be called
at any time by the Trustees, by the president or, if the Trustees and the
president shall fail to call any meeting of shareholders for a period of 30 days
after written application of one or more shareholders who hold at least 25% of
all shares issued and outstanding and entitled to vote at the meeting, then such
shareholders may call such meeting. Each call of a meeting shall state the
place, date, hour and purposes of the meeting.
2.3 PLACE OF MEETINGS. All meetings of the shareholders shall be held at
the principal office of the Trust, or, to the extent permitted by the
Declaration of Trust, at such other place within the United States as shall be
designated by the Trustees or the president of the Trust.
2.4 NOTICE OF MEETINGS. A written notice of each meeting of shareholders,
stating the place, date and hour and the purposes of the meeting, shall be given
at least seven days before the meeting to each shareholder entitled to vote
thereat by leaving such notice with him or at his residence or usual place of
business or by mailing it, postage prepaid, and addressed to such shareholder at
his address as it appears in the records of the Trust. Such notice shall be
given by the secretary or an assistant secretary or by an officer designated by
the Trustees. No notice of any meeting of shareholders need be given to a
shareholder if a written waiver of notice, executed before or after the meeting
by such shareholder or his attorney thereunto duly authorized, is filed with the
records of the meeting.
2.5 BALLOTS. No ballot shall be required for any election unless requested
by a shareholder present or represented at the meeting and entitled to vote in
the election.
2.6 PROXIES. Shareholders entitled to vote may vote either in person or by
proxy in writing dated not more than six months before the meeting named
therein, which proxies shall be filed with the secretary or other person
responsible to record the proceedings of the meeting before being voted. Unless
otherwise specifically limited by their terms, such proxies shall entitle the
holders thereof to vote at any adjournment of such meeting but shall not be
valid after the final adjournment of such meeting.
Section 3. Trustees
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3.1 COMMITTEES AND ADVISORY BOARD. The Trustees may appoint from their
number an executive committee and other committees. Except as the Trustees may
otherwise determine, any such committee may make rules for conduct of its
business. The Trustees may appoint an advisory board to consist of not less
than two nor more than five members. The members of the advisory board shall be
compensated in such manner as the Trustees may determine and shall confer with
and advise the Trustees regarding the investments and other affairs of the
Trust. Each member of the advisory board shall hold office until the first
meeting of the Trustees following the next annual meeting of the shareholders
and until his successor is elected and qualified, or until he sooner dies,
resigns, is removed, or becomes disqualified, or until the advisory board is
sooner abolished by the Trustees.
3.2 REGULAR MEETINGS. Regular meetings of the Trustees may be held without
call or notice at such places and at such times as the Trustees may from time to
time determine, provided that notice of the first regular meeting following any
such determination shall be given to absent Trustees. A regular meeting of the
Trustees may be held without call or notice immediately after and at the same
place as the annual meeting of the shareholders.
3.3 SPECIAL MEETINGS. Special meetings of the Trustees may be held at any
time and at any place designated in the call of the meetings, when called by the
Chairman of the Board, the president or the treasurer or by two or more
Trustees, sufficient notice thereof being given to each Trustee by the secretary
or an assistant secretary or by the officer or one of the Trustees calling the
meeting.
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3.4 NOTICE. It shall be sufficient notice to a Trustee to send notice by
mail at least forty-eight hours or by telegram at least twenty-four hours before
the meeting addressed to the Trustee at his or her usual or last known business
or residence address or to give notice to him or her in person or by telephone
at least twenty-four hours before the meeting. Notice of a meeting need not be
given to any Trustee if a written waiver of notice, executed by him or her
before or after the meeting, is filed with the records of the meeting, or to any
Trustee who attends the meeting without protesting prior thereto or at its
commencement the lack of notice to him or her. Neither notice of a meeting nor
a waiver of a notice need specify the purposes of the meeting.
3.5 QUORUM. At any meeting of the Trustees one-third of the Trustees then
in office shall constitute a quorum; provided, however, a quorum shall not be
less than two. Any meeting may be adjourned from time to time by a majority of
the votes cast upon the question, whether or not a quorum is present, and the
meeting may be held as adjourned without further notice.
Section 4. Officers and Agents
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4.1 ENUMERATION; QUALIFICATION. The officers of the Trust shall be a
president, a treasurer, a secretary and such other officers, if any, as the
Trustees from time to time may in their discretion elect or appoint. The Trust
may also have such Agents, if any, as the Trustees from time to time may in
their discretion appoint. Any officer may be but none need be a Trustee or
shareholder. Any two or more offices may be held by the same person.
4.2 POWERS. Subject to the other provisions of these By-Laws, each officer
shall have, in addition to the duties and powers herein and in the Declaration
of Trust set forth, such duties and powers as are commonly incident to his or
her office as if the Trust were organized as a Massachusetts business
corporation and such other duties and powers as the Trustees may from time to
time designate.
4.3 ELECTION. The president, the treasurer and the secretary shall be
elected annually by the Trustees. Other officers, if any, may be elected or
appointed by the Trustees at said meeting or at any other time.
4.4 TENURE. The president, the treasurer and the secretary shall hold
office until their respective successors are chosen and qualified, or in each
case until he or she sooner dies, resigns, is removed or becomes disqualified.
Each other officer shall hold office at the pleasure of the Trustees. Each
agent shall retain his or her authority at the pleasure of the Trustees.
4.5 PRESIDENT AND VICE PRESIDENTS. The president shall be the chief
executive officer of the Trust. The president shall, subject to the control of
the Trustees, have general charge and supervision of the business of the Trust.
Any vice president shall have such duties and powers as shall be designated from
time to time by the Trustees.
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4.6 CHAIRMAN OF THE BOARD. If a Chairman of the Board of Trustees is
elected, he shall have the duties and powers specified in these By-Laws and,
except as the Trustees shall otherwise determine, preside at all meetings of the
stockholders and of the Trustees at which he or she is present and have such
other duties and powers as may be determined by the Trustees.
4.7 TREASURER AND CONTROLLER. The treasurer shall be the chief financial
officer of the Trust and subject to any arrangement made by the Trustees with a
bank or trust company or other organization as custodian or transfer or
shareholder services agent, shall be in charge of its valuable papers and shall
have such other duties and powers as may be designated from time to time by the
Trustees or by the president. If at any time there shall be no controller, the
treasurer shall also be the chief accounting officer of the Trust and shall have
the duties and powers prescribed herein for the controller. Any assistant
treasurer shall have such duties and powers as shall be designated from time to
time by the Trustees.
The controller, if any be elected, shall be the chief accounting officer of the
Trust and shall be in charge of its books of account and accounting records.
The controller shall be responsible for preparation of financial statements of
the Trust and shall have such other duties and powers as may be designated from
time to time by the Trustees or the president.
4.8 SECRETARY AND ASSISTANT SECRETARIES. The secretary shall record all
proceedings of the shareholders and the Trustees in books to be kept therefor,
which books shall be kept at the principal office of the Trust. In the absence
of the secretary from any meeting of shareholders or Trustees, an assistant
secretary, or if there be none or he or she is absent, a temporary clerk chosen
at the meeting shall record the proceedings thereof in the aforesaid books.
Section 5. Resignation and Removals
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Any Trustee, officer or advisory board member may resign at any time by
delivering his or her resignation in writing to the Chairman of the Board, the
president, the treasurer or the secretary or to a meeting of the Trustees. The
Trustees may remove any officer elected by them with or without cause by a vote
of a majority of the Trustees then in office. Except to the extent expressly
provided in a written agreement with the Trust, no Trustee, officer, or advisory
board member resigning, and no officer or advisory board member removed shall
have any right to any compensation for any period following his or her
resignation or removal, or any right to damages on account of such removal.
Section 6. Vacancies
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A vacancy in any office may be filled at any time. Each successor shall hold
office for the unexpired term, and in the case of the president, the treasurer
and the secretary, until his or her successor is chosen and qualified, or in
each case until he or she sooner dies, resigns, is removed or becomes
disqualified.
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Section 7. Shares
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7.1 SHARE CERTIFICATES. No certificates certifying the ownership of shares
shall be issued except as the Trustees may otherwise authorize. In the event
that the Trustees authorize the issuance of share certificates, subject to the
provisions of Section 7.3, each shareholder shall be entitled to a certificate
stating the number of shares owned by him or her, in such form as shall be
prescribed from time to time by the Trustees. Such certificate shall be signed
by the president or a vice president and by the treasurer or an assistant
treasurer. Such signatures may be facsimiles if the certificate is signed by a
transfer or shareholder services agent or by a registrar, other than a Trustee,
officer or employee of the Trust. In case any officer who has signed or whose
facsimile signature has been placed on such certificate shall have ceased to be
such officer before such certificate is issued, it may be issued by the Trust
with the same effect as if he or she were such officer at the time of its issue.
In lieu of issuing certificates for shares, the Trustees or the transfer or
shareholder services agent may either issue receipts therefor or may keep
accounts upon the books of the Trust for the record holders of such shares, who
shall in either case be deemed, for all purposes hereunder, to be the holders of
certificates for such shares as if they had accepted such certificates and shall
be held to have expressly assented and agreed to the terms hereof.
7.2 LOSS OF CERTIFICATES. In the case of the alleged loss or destruction or
the mutilation of a share certificate, a duplicate certificate may be issued in
place thereof, upon such terms as the Trustees may prescribe.
7.3 DISCONTINUANCE OF ISSUANCE OF CERTIFICATES. The Trustees may at any
time discontinue the issuance of share certificates and may, by written notice
to each shareholder, require the surrender of share certificates to the Trust
for cancellation. Such surrender and cancellation shall not affect the
ownership of shares in the Trust.
Section 8. Record Date
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The Trustees may fix in advance a time, which shall not be more than 60 days
before the date of any meeting of shareholders or the date for the payment of
any dividend or making of any other distribution to shareholders, as the record
date for determining the shareholders having the right to notice and to vote at
such meeting and any adjournment thereof or the right to receive such dividend
or distribution, and in such case only shareholders of record on such record
date shall have such right, notwithstanding any transfer of shares on the books
of the Trust after the record date.
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Section 9. Seal
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The seal of the Trust shall, subject to alteration by the Trustees, consist of a
flat-faced circular die with the word "Massachusetts", together with the name of
the Trust and the year of its organization, cut or engraved thereon; but, unless
otherwise required by the Trustees, the seal shall not be necessary to be placed
on, and its absence shall not impair the validity of, any document, instrument
or other paper executed and delivered by or on behalf of the Trust.
Section 10. Execution of Papers
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Except as the Trustees may generally or in particular cases authorize the
execution thereof in some other manner, all deeds, leases, transfers, contracts,
bonds, notes, checks, drafts and other obligations made, accepted or endorsed by
the Trust shall be signed, and any transfers of securities standing in the name
of the Trust shall be executed, by the president or by one of the vice
presidents or by the treasurer or by whomsoever else shall be designated for
that purpose by the vote of the Trustees and need not bear the seal of the
Trust.
Section 11. Fiscal Year
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The fiscal year of the Trust shall end on such date in each year as the Trustees
shall from time to time determine.
Section 12. Provisions Relating to the
Conduct of the Trust's Business
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12.1 DEALINGS WITH AFFILIATES. No officer, Trustee or agent of the Trust and
no officer, director or agent of any investment advisor shall deal for or on
behalf of the Trust with himself as principal or agent, or with any partnership,
association or corporation in which he has a material financial interest;
provided that the foregoing provisions shall not prevent (a) officers and
Trustees of the Trust from buying, holding or selling shares in the Trust, or
from being partners, officers or directors of or financially interested in any
investment advisor to the Trust or in any corporation, firm or association which
may at any time have a distributor's or principal underwriter's contract with
the Trust; (b) purchases or sales of securities or other property if such
transaction is permitted by or is exempt or exempted from the provisions of the
Investment Company Act of 1940 or any Rule or Regulation thereunder and if such
transaction does not involve any commission or profit to any security dealer who
is, or one or more of whose partners, shareholders, officers or directors is, an
officer or Trustees of the Trust or an officer or director of the investment
advisor, manager or principal underwriter of the Trust; (c) employment of legal
counsel, registrar, transfer agent, shareholder services, dividend disbursing
agent or custodian who is, or has a partner, stockholder, officer or director
who is, an officer or Trustee of the Trust; (d) sharing statistical, research
and management expenses, including
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office hire and services, with any other company in which an officer or Trustee
of the Trust is an officer or director or financially interested.
12.2 DEALING IN SECURITIES OF THE TRUST. The Trust, the investment advisor,
any corporation, firm or association which may at any time have an exclusive
distributor's or principal underwriter's contract with the Trust (the
"distributor") and the officers and Trustees of the Trust and officers and
directors of every investment advisor and distributor, shall not take long or
short positions in the securities of the Trust, except that:
(a) the distributor may place orders with the Trust for its shares
equivalent to orders received by the distributor;
(b) shares of the Trust may be purchased at not less than net asset
value for investment by the investment advisor and by officers and
directors of the distributor, investment advisor, or the Trust and by
any trust, pension, profit-sharing or other benefit plan for such
persons, no such purchase to be in contravention of any applicable state
or federal requirement.
12.3 LIMITATION ON CERTAIN LOANS. The Trust shall not make loans to any
officer, Trustee or employee of the Trust or any investment advisor or
distributor or their respective officers, directors or partners or employees.
12.4 CUSTODIAN. All securities and cash owned by the Trust shall be
maintained in the custody of one or more banks or trust companies having
(according to its last published report) not less than two million dollars
($2,000,000) aggregate capital, surplus and undivided profits (any such bank or
trust company is hereinafter referred to as the "custodian"); provided, however,
the custodian may deliver securities as collateral on borrowings effected by the
Trust, provided, that such delivery shall be conditioned upon receipt of the
borrowed funds by the custodian except where additional collateral is being
pledged on an outstanding loan and the custodian may deliver securities lent by
the Trust against receipt of initial collateral specified by the Trust. Subject
to such rules, regulations and orders, if any, as the Securities and Exchange
Commission may adopt, the Trust may, or may permit any custodian to, deposit all
or any part of the securities owned by the Trust in a system for the central
handling of securities operated by the Federal Reserve Banks, or established by
a national securities exchange or national securities association registered
with said Commission under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, or such other
person as may be permitted by said Commission, pursuant to which system all
securities of any particular class or series of any issue deposited with the
system are treated as fungible and may be transferred or pledged by bookkeeping
entry, without physical delivery of such securities.
The Trust shall upon the resignation or inability to serve of its custodian or
upon change of the custodian:
(a) in the case of such resignation or inability to serve use its
best efforts to obtain a successor custodian;
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(b) require that the case and securities owned by this corporation be
delivered directly to the successor custodian; and
(c) in the event that no successor custodian can be found, submit to
the shareholders, before permitting delivery of the case and securities
owned by this Trust otherwise than to a successor custodian, the
question whether or not this Trust shall be liquidated or shall function
without a custodian.
12.5 REPORTS TO SHAREHOLDERS; DISTRIBUTIONS FROM REALIZED GAINS. The Trust
shall send to each shareholder of record at least annually a statement of the
condition of the Trust and of the results of its operation, containing all
information required by applicable laws or regulations.
Section 13. Amendments
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These By-Laws may be amended or repealed, in whole or in part, by a majority of
the Trustees then in office at any meeting of the Trustees, or by one or more
writings signed by such majority.
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