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, 2008
Dear Digimarc Corporation Stockholder:
As previously announced, Digimarc Corporation has entered into an amended and restated merger agreement, as amended by that Amendment No. 1 dated as of July 17, 2008 and as may be further amended, which we refer to as the Digimarc/L-1 merger agreement, with L-1 Identity Solutions, Inc., which we refer to as L-1, and Dolomite Acquisition Co, which we refer to as Dolomite, a wholly owned subsidiary of L-1, pursuant to which Dolomite has offered to purchase all of the outstanding shares of Digimarc common stock, together with the associated preferred stock purchase rights. We refer to the offer to purchase as the offer. The Digimarc/L-1 merger agreement provides, among other things, that following the completion of the offer and subject to other conditions set forth in the Digimarc/L-1 merger agreement, Dolomite will merge with and into Digimarc with Digimarc continuing as the surviving company and a wholly owned subsidiary of L-1. We refer to the merger of Digimarc and Dolomite as the Digimarc/L-1 merger.
In connection with the offer and the Digimarc/L-1 merger, the Board of Directors of Digimarc approved a plan to separate its secure ID systems and digital watermarking businesses. To accomplish the separation, prior to the expiration of the offer, and as a condition to the Digimarc/L-1 merger, Digimarc will contribute all of the assets and liabilities related to its digital watermarking business, together with all of Digimarc's cash, including cash received upon the exercise of stock options, to a wholly owned subsidiary of Digimarc, which we refer to as DMRC LLC, the interests of which will be (1) distributed to holders of shares of Digimarc common stock in a taxable spin-off transaction, which we refer to as the LLC spin-off, or (2) pending effectiveness of the Registration Statement on Form 10, of which this information statement is a part and which we refer to as the Form 10, transferred to a newly-created trust for the benefit of holders of shares of Digimarc common stock, which we refer to as the trust transfer, in either case, on the basis of one unit of DMRC LLC for every three and one-half shares of Digimarc Corporation common stock held by the stockholder. Immediately following the spin-off, DMRC LLC will merge with and into its wholly owned subsidiary, DMRC Corporation, and each limited liability company interest of DMRC LLC will be converted into one share of common stock of DMRC Corporation. As a result, each Digimarc stockholder will receive one share of DMRC Corporation for every three and one-half shares of Digimarc common stock held by the stockholder. If the trust transfer occurs, the trust will distribute the shares of DMRC Corporation common stock to Digimarc stockholders upon effectiveness of the Form 10.
Stockholder approval of the spin-off is not required, and you are not required to take any action to receive your DMRC Corporation common stock.
The attached information statement, which is being mailed to all Digimarc Corporation stockholders of record as of , 2008, the record date, describes the spin-off and contains important information, including financial statements, about DMRC Corporation. DMRC Corporation intends to file an application to list its common stock under the trading symbol "DMRCD" on The Nasdaq Global Market.
We look forward to our future as a separately-traded public company and to your support as a holder of DMRC Corporation common stock.
Sincerely,
Xxxxx
Xxxxx
Chairman and Chief Executive Officer
The information contained herein is not complete and may be changed. A Registration Statement on Form 10 relating to these securities has been filed with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission under the United States Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. This preliminary information statement is not an offer to sell or a solicitation of an offer to buy any securities.
Preliminary and Subject to Completion, dated July 22, 2008
INFORMATION STATEMENT
DMRC Corporation
Common Stock
(Par value $0.001 per share)
This information statement is being furnished in connection with the issuance of shares of DMRC Corporation common stock to holders of Digimarc Corporation common stock in connection with the spin-off of DMRC LLC, and the subsequent merger of DMRC LLC with and into its wholly owned subsidiary, DMRC Corporation.
As previously announced, Digimarc Corporation has entered into an amended and restated merger agreement, as amended by that Amendment No. 1 dated as of July 17, 2008 and as may be further amended, which we refer to as the Digimarc/L-1 merger agreement, with L-1 Identity Solutions, Inc., which we refer to as L-1, and Dolomite Acquisition Co, which we refer to as Dolomite, a wholly owned subsidiary of L-1, pursuant to which Dolomite has offered to purchase all of the outstanding shares of Digimarc common stock, together with the associated preferred stock purchase rights. We refer to the offer to purchase as the offer. The Digimarc/L-1 merger agreement provides, among other things, that following the completion of the offer and subject to other conditions set forth in the Digimarc/L-1 merger agreement, Dolomite will merge with and into Digimarc with Digimarc continuing as the surviving company and a wholly owned subsidiary of L-1. We refer to the merger of Digimarc and Dolomite as the Digimarc/L-1 merger.
Prior to the expiration of the offer, and as a condition to the Digimarc/L-1 merger, Digimarc will contribute all of the assets and liabilities related to its digital watermarking business, together with all of Digimarc's cash, including cash received upon the exercise of stock options, to a wholly owned subsidiary of Digimarc, which we refer to as DMRC LLC, the interests of which will be (1) distributed to holders of shares of Digimarc common stock in a taxable spin-off transaction, which we refer to as the LLC spin-off, or (2) pending effectiveness of the Registration Statement on Form 10, of which this information statement is a part and which we refer to as the Form 10, transferred to a newly-created trust for the benefit of holders of shares of Digimarc common stock, which we refer to as the trust transfer, in either case, on the basis of one unit of DMRC LLC for every three and one-half shares of Digimarc Corporation common stock held by the stockholder. We refer to the transfer of assets and assumption of liabilities as the restructuring. We refer to the distribution of the DMRC LLC interests, whether by LLC spin-off or trust transfer, and the restructuring collectively as the spin-off. Following the spin-off, DMRC LLC will merge with and into its wholly owned subsidiary, DMRC Corporation, which we refer to as the DMRC Corporation merger, and each limited liability company interest of DMRC LLC will be converted into one share of common stock of DMRC Corporation. As a result, each Digimarc stockholder will receive one share of DMRC Corporation for every three and one-half shares of Digimarc common stock held by the stockholder. If the trust transfer occurs, the trust will distribute the shares of DMRC Corporation common stock to the Digimarc stockholders upon effectiveness of the Form 10.
In the spin-off, the units of DMRC LLC will be distributed to holders of Digimarc Corporation common stock that held shares on , 2008, which will be the record date. These stockholders will receive one unit of DMRC LLC for every three and one-half shares of Digimarc Corporation common stock held by the stockholder on the record date. The distribution will be effective as of , 2008, which we also refer to as the distribution date. Immediately following the spin-off, each unit of DMRC LLC will be converted into one share of DMRC Corporation common stock in the DMRC Corporation merger. As a result, Digimarc stockholders will receive one share of DMRC Corporation common stock for every three and one-half shares of Digimarc Corporation common stock held by the stockholder on the record date. Digimarc stockholders will receive shares of DMRC Corporation common stock on (1) , 2008, the distribution date, if the LLC spin-off occurs, or (2) if the trust transfer occurs, upon effectiveness of the Form 10, which date in each case we refer to as the DMRC stock delivery date. Following the DMRC Corporation merger, Dolomite will merge with and into Digimarc, with Digimarc surviving as a wholly owned subsidiary of L-1. Following the DMRC stock delivery date, DMRC Corporation will be an independent public company.
YOUR VOTE IS NOT REQUIRED, AND WE ARE NOT ASKING YOU FOR A PROXY.
All of the outstanding shares of DMRC Corporation common stock are owned indirectly by Digimarc Corporation. Accordingly, there currently is no public trading market for DMRC Corporation common stock. DMRC Corporation intends to file an application to list its common stock under the trading symbol "DMRCD" on The Nasdaq Global Market. We anticipate that normal trading of DMRC Corporation common stock will begin on the first trading day following the DMRC stock delivery date.
In reviewing this information statement, you should carefully consider the matters described under the caption "Risk Factors" beginning on page 10.
Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved these securities or determined if this information statement is truthful or complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.
This information statement does not constitute an offer to sell or the solicitation of an offer to buy any securities.
The date of this information statement is , 2008.
This information statement was first mailed to Digimarc Corporation stockholders on or about , 2008.
SUMMARY | 3 | |
RISK FACTORS |
10 |
|
THE SPIN-OFF |
21 |
|
DIVIDEND POLICY |
25 |
|
CAPITALIZATION |
26 |
|
SELECTED HISTORICAL FINANCIAL INFORMATION |
27 |
|
PRO FORMA FINANCIAL INFORMATION |
29 |
|
MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS |
34 |
|
BUSINESS OF DMRC CORPORATION |
56 |
|
MANAGEMENT |
61 |
|
DIRECTOR COMPENSATION |
66 |
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COMPENSATION DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS |
68 |
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EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION |
73 |
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OUR RELATIONSHIP WITH DIGIMARC CORPORATION AFTER THE SPIN-OFF |
82 |
|
SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT |
89 |
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DESCRIPTION OF OUR CAPITAL STOCK |
91 |
|
LIMITATION OF LIABILITY AND INDEMNIFICATION OF DIRECTORS AND OFFICERS |
93 |
|
CERTAIN MATERIAL U.S. FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSEQUENCES |
94 |
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WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION |
98 |
|
INDEX TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS |
F-1 |
This information statement contains trademarks, trade names and service marks of companies other than DMRC Corporation, which are the property of their respective owners.
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This summary highlights information contained elsewhere in this information statement and provides an overview of our company and the material aspects of our spin-off from Digimarc Corporation. You should read this entire information statement carefully, especially the risk factors discussed beginning on page 10 and our pro forma financial statements and notes to those statements appearing elsewhere in this information statement. Unless the context otherwise requires, references in this information statement to (i) "DMRC Corporation," "DMRC," "we," "our" and "us" refer to DMRC Corporation and (ii) "Digimarc" refers to Digimarc Corporation and its consolidated subsidiaries (other than us).
You should not assume that the information contained in this information statement is accurate as of any date other than the date set forth on the cover. Changes to the information contained in this information statement may occur after that date, and we undertake no obligation to update the information, except in the normal course of our public disclosure obligations and practices.
Our Business
DMRC Corporation is a leading innovator and technology provider, enabling governments and enterprises around the world to give digital identities to media and objects that computers can sense and recognize and to which they can react. Our technology provides the means to infuse persistent digital information, perceptible only to computers and digital devices, into all forms of media content. The unique digital identifier placed in media persists with it regardless of the distribution path and whether it is copied, manipulated or converted to a different format, and does not affect the quality of the content or the enjoyment or usefulness of it. Our technology permits computers and digital devices to quickly identify relevant data from vast amounts of media content.
Our technologies, and those of our licensees, span the complete range of media content, enabling governments and enterprises to:
- •
- Quickly
identify and effectively manage music, movies, television programming, digital images, documents and other printed materials, especially in light of new non-linear
distribution over the internet;
- •
- Deter
counterfeiting of money, media and goods, and piracy of movies and music;
- •
- Support
new digital media distribution models and methods to monetize media content;
- •
- Leverage
the power of intuitive computing to instantly link consumers to a wealth of information and/or interactive experiences related to the media and objects they
encounter each day;
- •
- Provide
consumers with more choice and access to media content when, where and how they want it;
- •
- Enhance
imagery and video by associating metadata or authenticate the content for government and commercial uses; and
- •
- Better secure identity documents to enhance national security and to combat identity theft and fraud.
At the core of our intellectual property is a signal processing technology innovation known as "digital watermarking" which allows imperceptible digital information to be embedded in all forms of digitally designed, produced or distributed media content and some physical objects, including photographs, movies, music, television, personal identification documents, financial instruments, industrial parts and product packages. The digital information can be detected and read by a wide range of computers, mobile phones, and other digital devices.
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We provide technology-based solutions directly and through our licensees. Our proprietary technologies have proven to be a powerful element of document security, giving rise to our long-term relationship with a consortium of central banks, which we refer to as Central Banks, and many leading companies in the information technology industry. In addition, we and our licensees have successfully propagated digital watermarking in music, movies, television broadcasts, images and printed materials. Digital watermarks have been used in these applications to provide improved media rights and asset management, reduce piracy and counterfeiting losses, improve marketing programs, permit more efficient and effective distribution of valuable media content and enhance consumer experiences.
To protect our significant efforts in creating these technologies, we have implemented an extensive intellectual property protection program that relies on a combination of patent, copyright, trademark and trade secret laws, and nondisclosure agreements and other contracts. As a result, we believe we have one of the world's most extensive patent portfolios in the field of digital watermarking and related media enhancement innovations, with over 350 U.S. and over 85 foreign issued patents and more than 400 U.S. and foreign patent applications on file as of March 31, 2008.
The Separation and the Merger
Digimarc will, prior to and in connection with the Digimarc/L-1 merger, spin off the limited liability company interests of DMRC LLC, which holds all of the assets and liabilities of its digital watermarking business, which we refer to as the Digital Watermarking Business. The interests will be (1) distributed to holders of shares of Digimarc common stock in the LLC spin-off, or (2) pending effectiveness of the Form 10, transferred to a newly created trust for the benefit of holders of shares of Digimarc common stock in the trust transfer, in either case, on the basis of one unit of DMRC LLC for every three and one-half shares of Digimarc Corporation common stock held by the stockholder. Immediately following the spin-off, DMRC LLC will merge with and into its wholly owned subsidiary, DMRC Corporation, with DMRC Corporation being the surviving company in the merger. Each unit of DMRC LLC will be converted into one share of DMRC Corporation common stock. As a result, each Digimarc stockholder will receive one share of DMRC Corporation common stock for every three and one-half shares of Digimarc common stock held by the stockholder. When we refer in this information statement to shares of DMRC Corporation common stock, we mean the shares of DMRC Corporation common stock that Digimarc stockholders will receive following the conversion of the units of DMRC LLC into shares of DMRC Corporation common stock in the DMRC Corporation merger. Following the spin-off and completion of the DMRC Corporation merger, we will issue to the executive officers of DMRC Corporation shares of Series A Redeemable Nonvoting Preferred stock in the aggregate amount of $50,000.
Following and in connection with the spin-off, a wholly owned subsidiary of L-1 will merge with and into Digimarc, which will consist principally of the secure ID business, which we refer to as the Secure ID Business. The distribution and the Digimarc/L-1 merger will take place on , 2008. The DMRC stock delivery date will occur on (1) , 2008, the distribution date, if the LLC spin-off occurs, or (2) if the trust transfer occurs, upon effectiveness of the Form 10.
Summary of the Transactions
The following is a brief summary of the terms of the spin-off and the related transactions:
Distributing company | Digimarc. After the spin-off, Xxxxxxxx will not own any shares of our capital stock. | |
Distributed company |
DMRC LLC, a wholly owned subsidiary of Digimarc. Following the spin-off, DMRC LLC will merge with and into its wholly owned subsidiary, DMRC Corporation, |
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with DMRC Corporation being the surviving company in the merger. After the DMRC Corporation merger and the DMRC stock delivery date, DMRC Corporation will be an independent public company. |
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Securities to be distributed |
Units of DMRC LLC. Upon the merger of DMRC LLC and DMRC Corporation, which will occur following the spin-off, each unit of DMRC LLC will be converted into one share of DMRC Corporation common stock. |
|
Distribution ratio |
Each holder of Digimarc common stock will receive one unit of DMRC LLC for every three and one-half shares of Digimarc common stock held by the stockholder on the record date. Each unit of DMRC LLC will, following the spin-off, be converted into one share of DMRC Corporation common stock in the DMRC Corporation merger. |
|
Method of distribution |
For registered Digimarc stockholders, our transfer agent will credit shares of our common stock to book-entry accounts established to hold shares of our common stock. Book-entry refers to a method of recording stock ownership in our records in which no physical certificates are issued. For stockholders who own Digimarc common stock through a broker or other nominee, shares of our common stock will be credited to their accounts by the broker or other nominee. Following the distribution of shares of our common stock, stockholders whose shares are held in book-entry form may request the transfer of their shares of our common stock to a brokerage or other account at any time and may request the delivery of physical stock certificates for their shares, in each case without charge. |
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Record date |
The record date is , 2008. In order to be entitled to receive shares of our common stock in the spin-off, holders of shares of Digimarc common stock must be stockholders on the record date. |
|
Distribution date |
, 2008. |
|
DMRC stock delivery date |
The DMRC stock delivery date will be (1) , 2008, the distribution date, if the LLC spin-off occurs, or (2) if the trust transfer occurs, the date upon which the Form 10 is declared effective. |
|
Distribution agent, transfer agent and registrar |
Computershare Trust Company |
|
Stock Exchange Listing |
We intend to apply for listing of our common stock on The Nasdaq Global Market under the symbol "DMRCD." On the first trading day following the distribution date, trading of our common stock will begin. We cannot predict the trading prices for our common stock on or after the distribution date. |
|
The offer |
Digimarc has entered into the Digimarc/L-1 merger agreement with L-1 and Dolomite Acquisition Co., a wholly owned |
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5
subsidiary of L-1, pursuant to which Dolomite Acquisition Co. has offered to purchase all of the outstanding shares of Digimarc common stock, together with the associated preferred stock purchase rights, for $12.25 per share, net to the seller in cash, without interest thereon and less any required withholding taxes. The per share price to be paid in the offer does not include the value attributable to the spin-off. The occurrence of the spin-off is a condition to the completion of the offer. |
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Digimarc/L-1 merger |
Digimarc has entered into an agreement with L-1 and Dolomite Acquisition Co., a wholly owned subsidiary of L-1, pursuant to which Dolomite Acquisition Co. will merge with and into Digimarc. The Digimarc/L-1 merger will occur following the spin-off. The occurrence of the spin-off and completion of the offer is a condition to the occurrence of the Digimarc/L-1 Merger. |
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Tax consequences to stockholders |
For U.S. federal income tax purposes, Digimarc and L-1 will treat and report the spin-off, the offer and the Digimarc/L-1 merger as a single integrated transaction with respect to Holders (as defined in "Certain Material U.S. Federal Income Tax Consequences," beginning on page 94 of this information statement) of Digimarc stock in which the spin-off will be treated as a taxable redemption of shares of Digimarc common stock that qualifies for "exchange" treatment. Accordingly, with respect to each U.S. Holder (as defined in "Certain Material U.S. Federal Income Tax Consequences," beginning on page 94 of this information statement) who holds his or her shares of Digimarc common stock as a capital asset (generally, assets held for investment), we expect that such a U.S. Holder generally will recognize capital gain or loss for U.S. federal income tax purposes in an amount equal to the difference between (1) the sum of the fair market value of the DMRC LLC interests received in the spin-off, the amount of cash received in the offer, and the amount of cash received in the Digimarc/L-1 merger, and (2) the U.S. Xxxxxx's adjusted tax basis in his or her shares of Digimarc common stock surrendered or deemed surrendered in the transactions. The deduction of any recognized loss may be delayed or otherwise adversely affected by certain loss limitation rules. In addition, we do not expect that such a U.S. Holder will recognize any gain or loss in the DMRC Corporation merger. With respect to each non-U.S. Holder (as defined in "Certain Material U.S. Federal Income Tax Consequences," beginning on page 94 of this information statement) who holds his or her shares of Digimarc common stock as a capital asset, we expect that such a non-U.S. Holder generally will not be subject to U.S. federal income tax on any gain realized on the receipt of cash, DMRC LLC interests or shares of DMRC Corporation stock in exchange for shares of Digimarc common stock in the spin-off, |
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the offer, the Digimarc/L-1 merger and the DMRC Corporation merger. |
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Tax matters are complicated and the tax consequences of the spin-off, the offer, the Digimarc/L-1 merger and the DMRC Corporation merger to you will depend on your individual circumstances. You should consult your tax advisor to determine the specific tax consequences of the spin-off, the offer, the Digimarc/L-1 merger and the DMRC Corporation merger to you. |
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For additional information, please see "Certain Material U.S. Federal Income Tax Consequences," beginning on page 94 of this information statement. |
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Dividend policy |
We do not intend to pay dividends on our common stock in the foreseeable future. |
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Relationship between DMRC Corporation and Digimarc Corporation after the spin-off |
After the spin-off, Xxxxxxxx will not own any shares of our common stock. We, Digimarc and DMRC LLC will enter into a number of agreements that will govern the spin-off from Digimarc and our future relationship, including a Separation Agreement, a Transition Services Agreement and a License Agreement. The Separation Agreement among Digimarc, DMRC LLC, us, and with respect to certain sections, L-1, which will contain the key provisions related to the spin-off of the Digital Watermarking Business from Digimarc, will continue in effect following the spin-off with respect to various indemnification, insurance, confidentiality and cooperation provisions. See "Our Relationship with Xxxxxxxx After the Spin-Off." |
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Anti-takeover effects |
Some provisions of our certificate of incorporation, our bylaws and Delaware law may have the effect of making more difficult an acquisition of control of us in a transaction not approved by our board of directors. For more information, see "Description of Our Capital Stock." |
You should carefully read the "Risk Factors" beginning on page 10 of this information statement.
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Corporate Information and Structure
We were incorporated in Delaware on June 18, 2008 by Digimarc to facilitate the separation of its Secure ID Business and its Digital Watermarking Business through the spin-off and pursuant to the Digimarc/L-1 merger. Our principal executive offices are located at 0000 X.X. Xxxxxx Xxxxx, Xxxxxxxxx, Xxxxxx 00000, and our telephone number is (000) 000-0000. We will maintain a Web site, which, following the DMRC Corporation merger, we expect to be at xxx.xxxxxxxx.xxx. Our Web site and the information contained on that site, or connected to that site, are not incorporated into this information statement.
Summary Historical and Pro Forma Financial Information
The following table sets forth our selected historical financial data as of and for each of the periods indicated. We derived the selected historical financial data as of and for each of the five years ended December 31 and for the three months ended March 31 from our financial statements. The pro forma financial information set forth below portrays how our spin off from Digimarc might have affected our historical financial information if it had occurred on March 31, 2008 for balance sheet purposes and on January 1, 2007 for income statement purposes. This information is only a summary and you should read it in conjunction with our historical financial statements included in this information statement and the related notes, the pro forma financial information and the related notes and the section entitled "Management's Discussion and Analysis of the Financial Condition and Results of Operations," included in this information statement. As you read this, you should understand that the pro forma financial information is presented for informational purposes only, and is not intended to show what our financial position or results of operations would have been had we been operating as an independent, publicly-traded company during these periods or what our financial position or results of operations might be in the future. Our financial information may not be indicative of our future performance and does not necessarily reflect what our financial condition and results of operations would have been had we operated as an independent, stand-alone entity for the periods presented, particularly since many changes will occur in our operations and capitalization as a result of our spin-off from Digimarc.
The pro forma financial information presented reflects our financial results as fully described in the financial statements and the notes to our financial statements beginning on page F-3 of this information statement and gives effect to the following pro forma transactions:
- •
- the
impact on cash receipts and expenditures related to the Digimarc/L-1 merger and spin-off; and
- •
- our conversion from a limited liability company to a Delaware corporation pursuant to the DMRC Corporation merger, the authorization and issuance of preferred stock, and the distribution of our common stock to the stockholders of Digimarc.
The pro forma financial information presented does not give effect to the following:
- •
- estimated
expenses and related reimbursement under the transition services agreement with L-1; and
- •
- expected, incremental expenses as a stand-alone company versus the allocation of shared services methodology as applied to the financial statements in this information statement.
It is expected that the initial operating costs of DMRC on a stand-alone basis will be higher than those allocated to the DMRC operations under the shared services methodology applied in the audited financial statements of DMRC. Consequently, the financial position, results of operations and cash flows of DMRC reflected in the financial statements of DMRC may not be indicative of those that
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would have been achieved or that might be achieved in the future had DMRC been operated as a separate, stand-alone entity for the periods reflected in its financial statements.
The dollar amounts in the tables below are in thousands.
|
For the Years Ended December 31, |
For the Three Months Ended March 31, |
Pro Forma for Three Months Ended March 31, |
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(1) |
2003 (unaudited) |
2004 (unaudited) |
2005 (audited) |
2006 (audited) |
2007 (audited) |
2007 (unaudited) |
2008 (unaudited) |
2008 (unaudited) |
|||||||||||||||||
Operating revenues | $ | 9,306 | $ | 11,184 | $ | 11,119 | $ | 11,071 | $ | 13,025 | $ | 3,485 | $ | 5,085 | $ | 5,085 | |||||||||
Gross profit percentage | 58 | % | 68 | % | 69 | % | 66 | % | 69 | % | 72 | % | 73 | % | 73 | % | |||||||||
Operating income (loss) | (2 | ) | (2 | ) | $ | (5,770 | ) | $ | (3,908 | ) | $ | (1,310 | ) | $ | (121 | ) | $ | 641 | $ | 641 |
|
For the Years Ended December 31, |
As of March 31, |
Pro Forma As of March 31, |
|||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
(1) |
2003 (unaudited) |
2004 (unaudited) |
2005 (audited) |
2006 (audited) |
2007 (audited) |
2007 (unaudited) |
2008 (unaudited) |
2008 (unaudited) |
||||||||||||||||
Cash, cash equivalents and short term investments | $ | 78,633 | $ | 51,836 | $ | 31,982 | $ | 33,073 | $ | 32,713 | $ | 31,505 | $ | 37,435 | $ | 54,035 | ||||||||
Total assets | (2 | ) | $ | 56,210 | $ | 36,896 | $ | 37,658 | $ | 38,451 | $ | 35,469 | $ | 42,499 | $ | 59,099 | ||||||||
Long-term obligations | $ | 0 | $ | 160 | $ | 295 | $ | 294 | $ | 215 | $ | 240 | $ | 220 | $ | 220 |
- (1)
- The
Digimarc/L-1 merger agreement provides that all cash and cash equivalents, short term investments and restricted cash (aggregate cash) of Digimarc are treated as cash retained by
DMRC Corporation in its carved-out financial statements. As a result, the presentation of the financial statements and operating data of DMRC Corporation during the carve-out
periods, reflect the cash flow of Digimarc, including its Secure ID Business, combined with DMRC Corporation. During 2003 through 2007, the consolidated results of Digimarc reflected operating losses
of $0.1 million, $9.5 million, $23.6 million, $13.1 million and $1.6 million, respectively. Cash provided by (used in) operations for those same periods were
$25.3 million, $4.7 million, ($3.2) million, $9.3 million and $16.3 million respectively. Also, capital expenditures for those periods were $14 million,
$39.7 million, $15.5 million, $10.5 million and $17.7 million respectively. In addition, aggregate cash balances were reduced from $78.6 million at the end of 2003
to $32.7 million at the end of 2007, reflecting the funding of operating losses for the combined Secure ID Business and Digital Watermarking Business and for funding capital expenditures, the
majority being for the Secure ID Business.
- Prior
to the acquisition of the Secure ID Business from Polaroid by Digimarc in late December 2001, DMRC Corporation operated as a separate entity. Its
revenues for 2000 and 2001 were $11.9 million and $13.2 million, respectively, and its operating losses exceeded $20 million in each of those years. In the years after the
acquisition and up through the present date, Digimarc's business, including DMRC Corporation, began to benefit from a shared services operating model where its general and administrative costs, among
others, could be spread more efficiently across multiple operating activities. In addition, beginning in mid-2005, after incurring significant operating losses in 2004 and projecting further
significant losses in the future, the company began a reorganization of its business to focus on its core strengths while significantly reducing its cost of operations in all areas, while growing
revenues in both the Secure ID Business and Digital Watermarking Business. The change in the operating results of DMRC Corporation since its early loss years prior to the acquisition began to benefit
from the shared services operating model in 2002, and later, beginning in 2005, as operating costs were reduced and revenues began to rise to current levels. As a result, DMRC Corporation's operating
losses, reduced over the years to $1.3 million in 2007 and eventually achieved an operating profit of $0.6 million in the first quarter of 2008.
- (2)
- Certain financial data for the years ended December 31, 2003 and 2004 have been omitted from this information statement because they are not available without unreasonable effort and expense. We believe the omission of these financial data for the years ended December 31, 2003 and 2004 are not material to an understanding of our financial performance and related trends.
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You should carefully consider each of the following risks and all of the other information set forth in this information statement. The following risks relate principally to our business, our relationship with Xxxxxxxx and our status as a separate publicly-traded company, as well as risks related to the nature of the spin-off itself. The risks and uncertainties described below are not the only ones facing our company. Additional risks and uncertainties not presently known to us or that we now believe to be immaterial may also adversely affect our business. If any of the following risks and uncertainties develop into actual events, our business, financial condition or results of operations could be materially adversely affected. In that case, the trading price of our common stock could decline.
Risks Related to our Common Stock and the Spin-off
A trading market may not develop for shares of DMRC common stock, which could adversely affect the market price of those shares.
Until the spin-off, DMRC will be 100% owned by Digimarc and, accordingly, there currently is no trading market for shares of DMRC common stock. We do not assure you that such a market will develop or be sustained after the DMRC stock delivery date. DMRC will apply to have its shares of common stock listed on the Nasdaq Global Market under the symbol "DMRCD;" however, if the trust transfer occurs, following the spin-off and the DMRC Corporation merger, the shares of DMRC common stock will be held in trust for the benefit of Digimarc stockholders until the Form 10 is declared effective by the SEC. Until that time, the shares will not be listed for trading and you will not be able to sell any of your shares of DMRC common stock. Once the shares have been listed and trading commences, we cannot predict the extent to which investor interest will lead to the development of an active and liquid trading market in our common stock on the Nasdaq Global Market or otherwise. If an active trading market does not develop, you may have difficulty selling any of your shares of common stock.
Substantial sales of our common stock following the spin-off may have an adverse impact on the trading price of our common stock.
Digimarc expects that under the United States federal securities laws all of the shares of DMRC common stock distributed to Digimarc stockholders in the spin-off will be eligible for resale in the public market, except for shares held by our affiliates. Some of the Digimarc stockholders who receive our shares of common stock may decide that their investment objectives do not include ownership of our shares, and may sell their shares of common stock following the spin-off. In particular, Digimarc stockholders that are institutional investors may have investment parameters that require their portfolio companies to maintain a minimum market capitalization that we may not achieve as a result of the separation from Digimarc. We cannot predict whether stockholders will sell large numbers of our shares of common stock in the public market following the spin-off, or how quickly they may sell these shares. If our stockholders sell large numbers of our shares of common stock over a short period of time, or if investors anticipate large sales of our shares of common stock over a short period of time, the trading price of our shares of common stock could be adversely affected.
We have no recent operating history as a separate company. Our historical and pro forma financial information are not necessarily representative of the results we would have achieved as a separate publicly-traded company, and they may not be a reliable indicator of our future results.
Digimarc did not account for DMRC, and DMRC was not operated, as a stand-alone public company for the periods presented in DMRC's financial statements included in this information statement. The financial statements of DMRC have been "carved out" from Digimarc's consolidated financial statements and reflect assumptions and allocations made by Digimarc. The financial
10
statements do not fully represent what DMRC's financial position, results of operations and cash flow would have been had DMRC operated as a stand-alone public company for the periods presented. Significant changes may occur in our cost structure, tax structure, management, financing and business operations as a result of our operating as a public company separate from Digimarc. These changes may result in increased costs associated with reduced economies of scale, marketing expenses, the incurrence of debt and interest expense, stand-alone costs for services currently provided by Digimarc, the need for additional personnel to perform services now provided by Digimarc, and the legal, accounting, compliance and other costs associated with being a public company with equity securities listed on a national exchange. As a result, the historical and pro forma information included in this information statement are not necessarily indicative of what DMRC's financial position, results of operations and cash flow will be following the spin-off. For more information, see "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations," "Pro Forma Financial Information" and DMRC's financial statements and related notes included elsewhere in this information statement.
Our common stock price may be volatile, and you could lose all or part of your investment in shares of DMRC common stock.
The price of shares of our common stock may fluctuate as a result of changes in our operating performance or prospects and other factors. Some specific factors that may have a significant effect on the price of shares of our common stock include:
- •
- the
public's reaction to DMRC's public disclosures;
- •
- actual
or anticipated changes in DMRC's operating results or future prospects;
- •
- strategic
actions by DMRC or its competitors, such as acquisitions or restructurings;
- •
- new
laws or regulations or new interpretations of existing laws or regulations applicable to DMRC's business;
- •
- changes
in accounting standards, policies, guidance, interpretations or principles applicable to DMRC;
- •
- conditions
of the industry as a result of changes in financial markets or general economic or political conditions;
- •
- the
failure of securities analysts to cover our common stock after the distribution, or changes in financial estimates by analysts;
- •
- changes
in analyst recommendations or earnings estimates regarding DMRC, other comparable companies or the industry generally, and our ability to meet those estimates;
- •
- future
issuances of DMRC common stock or the perception that future sales could occur; and
- •
- volatility in the equity securities market.
We have the ability to issue additional equity securities, which would lead to dilution of our issued and outstanding common stock.
The issuance of additional equity securities or securities convertible into equity securities would result in dilution of our existing stockholders' equity interests. We are authorized to issue, without stockholder approval, up to 2,500,000 shares of preferred stock, par value $0.001 per share, in one or more series, which may give other stockholders dividend, conversion, voting, and liquidation rights, among other rights, which may be superior to the rights of holders of our common stock. In addition, we are authorized to issue up to 50,000,000 shares of common stock, par value $0.001 per share. We
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are authorized to issue, without stockholder approval except as required by law or Nasdaq regulations, securities convertible into either common stock or preferred stock.
Following the spin-off and the DMRC Corporation merger, we will issue to the executive officers of DMRC Corporation shares of Series A Redeemable Nonvoting Preferred stock in the aggregate amount of $50,000. In the event of the liquidation, dissolution or other winding up of DMRC Corporation, before any payment or distribution is made to the holders of common stock, holders of the Series A Redeemable Nonvoting Preferred Stock will be entitled to receive a value of $5.00 per share of Series A Redeemable Nonvoting Preferred stock held by the stockholder. The Series A Redeemable Nonvoting Preferred has no voting rights, and may be redeemed by the board of directors at any time on or after June 18, 2013.
Our corporate governance documents as well as Delaware law may delay or prevent an acquisition of us that stockholders may consider favorable, which could decrease the value of your shares.
Our certificate of incorporation and bylaws and Delaware law contain provisions that could make it more difficult for a third party to acquire us without the consent of our board of directors. These provisions include supermajority voting requirements for stockholders to amend our organizational documents and limitations on actions by our stockholders by written consent. In addition, our board of directors has the right to issue preferred stock without stockholder approval, which could be used to dilute the stock ownership of a potential hostile acquirer. Delaware law also imposes some restrictions on mergers and other business combinations between any holder of 15% or more of our outstanding common stock and us. Although we believe these provisions protect our stockholders from coercive or otherwise unfair takeover tactics and thereby provide for an opportunity to receive a higher bid by requiring potential acquirers to negotiate with our board of directors, these provisions apply even if the offer may be considered beneficial by some stockholders. See "Description of Our Capital Stock."
Risks Related to Our Business
We have a history of losses and we may not achieve or sustain profitability, particularly if we were to lose large contracts.
Digimarc's Digital Watermarking Business has incurred significant net losses from inception. Xxxxxxxx's accumulated deficit was $100 million as of December 31, 2007. Although we anticipate that DMRC will be a profitable company from its inception, in order to achieve sustained profitability we will need to generate higher revenue than Digimarc's Digital Watermarking Business has in prior years and control expenditures. Achieving sustained profitability will depend upon a variety of factors, including the extent to which we may be required to increase the size of our workforce in order to execute our business strategy and capitalize on new opportunities. In addition, we will evaluate our strategy and market opportunities on an ongoing basis and will adjust our approach to market conditions from time to time. Finally, various adverse developments, including the loss of large contracts or cost overruns on our existing contracts, could have a negative effect on our revenue or our margins. Accordingly, increases in our expenses may not be offset by revenue increases and as a result we may not be able to achieve or sustain profitability.
A small number of customers account for a substantial portion of our revenues and the loss of any large contract may result in loss of revenue.
Historically, we have derived a significant portion of our revenues from a limited number of customers. Two customers represented approximately 73% of our revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2008. Contracts between our large central banking, federal and commercial customers generally have terms of three to five or more years in length and sometimes for the life of the patents under license, which could be up to 20 years. Some contracts we enter into contain termination for
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convenience provisions. If we were to lose a contract due to termination for convenience or in a competitive situation, our financial results could be adversely affected.
We expect to continue to depend upon a small number of customers for a significant portion of our revenues for the foreseeable future. The loss of, or decline in, orders or backlog from one or more major customers could reduce our revenues and have a material adverse effect on our financial results.
The majority of our revenue is subject to commercial contracts and development of new markets that may involve unpredictable delays and other unexpected changes, which might limit our actual revenue in any given quarter or year.
We derive substantial portions of our revenue from commercial contracts tied to development schedules or development of new markets, which could shift for months, quarters or years as the needs of our customers and the markets in which they participate change. Government agencies and commercial customers also face budget pressures that introduce added uncertainty. Any shift in development schedules, the markets in which we or our licensees participate, or customer procurement processes, which are outside our control and may not be predictable, could result in delays in bookings forecasted for any particular period, could affect the predictability of our quarterly and annual results, and might limit our actual revenue in any given quarter or year, resulting in reduced and less predictable revenue and adversely affecting profitability.
The market for our products is highly competitive and alternative technologies or larger companies may undermine, limit or eliminate the market for our products' technologies, which would decrease our revenue and profits.
The markets in which we compete for business are intensely competitive and rapidly evolving. We expect competition to continue from both existing competitors and new market entrants. We face competition from other companies and from alternative technologies. Because the market solutions based on our technologies is still in an early stage of development, we also may face competition from unexpected sources.
Alternative technologies that may directly or indirectly compete with particular applications of our watermarking technologies include:
- •
- Encryption—securing
data during distribution using a secret code so it cannot be accessed except by authorized users;
- •
- Containers—inserting
a media object in an encrypted wrapper, which prevents the media object from being duplicated and is used for content distribution and
transaction management;
- •
- DataGlyphs®—a
slightly visible modification of the characteristics of an image or document that is machine-readable;
- •
- Scrambled
Indicia®—an optical refraction-based data-hiding technique that is inserted into an image and can be read with a lens;
- •
- Traditional
anti-counterfeiting technologies—a number of solutions used by many governments (and that compete for budgetary outlays) designed to
deter counterfeiting, including optically sensitive ink, magnetic threads and other materials used in the printing of currencies;
- •
- Radio
frequency tags—embedding a chip that emits a signal when in close proximity with a receiver, which is being used in photo identification credentials,
labels and tags;
- •
- Internet technologies—numerous existing and potential Internet access and search methods are competitive with Digimarc Mobile systems and the searching capabilities of Digimarc ImageBridge;
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- •
- Digital
fingerprints and signatures—a metric, or metrics, computed solely from a source image or audio or video track, that can be used to identify an image or
track, or authenticate the image or track;
- •
- Smart
cards—badges and cards including a semiconductor memory and /or processor used for authentication and related purposes; and
- •
- Bar codes or QR codes—data-carrying codes, typically visible in nature (but may be invisible if printed in ultraviolet- or infrared-responsive inks).
In the competitive environment in which we operate, product generation, development and marketing processes relating to technology are uncertain and complex, requiring accurate prediction of demand as well as successful management of various development risks inherent in technology development. In light of these dependencies, it is possible that failure to successfully accommodate future changes in technologies related to our technologies could have a long-term effect on our growth and results of operations.
New developments are expected to continue, and we do not assure you that discoveries by others, including current and potential competitors, will not render our services and products noncompetitive. Moreover, because of rapid technological changes, we may be required to expend greater amounts of time and money than anticipated to develop new products and services, which in turn may require greater revenue streams from these products and services to cover developmental costs. Many of the companies that compete with us for some of our business, as well as other companies with whom we may compete in the future, are larger and may have greater technical, financial, marketing, and political resources than we do. These resources could enable these companies to initiate severe price cuts or take other measures in an effort to gain market share or otherwise impede our progress. We do not assure you that we will be able to compete successfully against current or future participants in our market or against alternative technologies, or that the competitive pressures we face will not decrease our revenue and profits in the future.
We depend on our management and key employees for our future success. If we are not able to retain, hire or integrate these employees, we may not be able to meet our commitments.
Our success depends to a significant extent on the performance and continued service of our management and our intellectual property team. The loss of the services of any of these employees could limit our growth or undermine customer relationships.
Due to the high level of technical expertise that our industry requires, our ability to successfully develop, market, sell, license and support our products, services, and intellectual property depends to a significant degree upon the continued contributions of our key personnel in engineering, sales, marketing, operations, legal and licensing, many of whom would be difficult to replace. We believe our future success will depend in large part upon our ability to retain our current key employees and our ability to attract, integrate and retain these personnel in the future. It may not be practical for us to match the compensation some of our employees could xxxxxx at other employment. In addition, we may encounter difficulties in hiring and retaining employees because of concerns related to our financial performance. These circumstances may have a negative effect on the market price of our common stock, and employees and prospective employees may factor in the uncertainties relating to our stability and the value of any equity-based incentives in their decisions regarding employment opportunities and decide to leave our employ. Moreover, our business is based in large part on patented technology, which is unique and not generally known. New employees require substantial training, involving significant resources and management attention. Competition for experienced personnel in our business can be intense. If we do not succeed in attracting new, qualified personnel or in integrating, retaining and motivating our current personnel, our growth and ability to deliver products and services that our customers require may be hampered. Although our employees generally
14
have executed agreements containing non-competition clauses, we do not assure you that a court would enforce all of the terms of these clauses or the clauses generally. If these clauses were not fully enforced, our employees could be able to freely join our competitors. Although we generally attempt to control access to and distribution of our proprietary information by our employees, we do not assure you that the confidential nature of our proprietary information will be maintained in the course of such future employment. Any of these events could have a material adverse effect on our financial and business prospects.
If leading companies in our industry or standard-setting bodies or institutions downplay, minimize, or reject the use of our technologies, deployment may be slowed and we may be unable to achieve revenue growth, particularly in the media and entertainment sectors.
Many of our business endeavors, such as our licensing of intellectual property in support of audio and video copy-control applications, can be impeded or frustrated by larger, more influential companies or by standard-setting bodies or institutions downplaying, minimizing or rejecting the value or use of our other technologies. A negative position by these companies, bodies or institutions, if taken, may result in obstacles for us that we would be incapable of overcoming and may block or impede the adoption of digital watermarking, particularly in the media and entertainment market. In addition, potential customers in the media and entertainment industry may delay or reject initiatives that relate to deployment of our technologies. Such a development would make the achievement of our business objectives in this market difficult or impossible.
If we are unable to respond to regulatory or industry standards effectively, or if we are unable to develop and integrate new technologies effectively, our growth and the development of our products and services could be delayed or limited.
Our future success will depend in part on our ability to enhance and improve the responsiveness, functionality and features of our products and services, and those of our business partners, in accordance with regulatory or industry standards. Our ability to remain competitive will depend in part on our ability to influence and respond to emerging industry and governmental standards in a timely and cost-effective manner. If we are unable to influence these or other standards or respond to such standards effectively, our growth and the development of certain products and services could be delayed or limited.
Our market is characterized by new and evolving technologies. The success of our business will depend on our ability to develop and integrate new technologies effectively and address the increasingly sophisticated technological needs of our customers in a timely and cost-effective manner. Our ability to remain competitive will depend in part on our ability to:
- •
- enhance
and improve the responsiveness, functionality and other features of the products and services we offer or plan to offer;
- •
- continue
to develop our technical expertise; and
- •
- develop and introduce new services, applications and technologies to meet changing customer needs and preferences and to integrate new technologies.
We do not assure you that we will be successful in responding to these technological and industry challenges in a timely and cost-effective manner. If we are unable to develop or integrate new technologies effectively or respond to these changing needs, our margins could decrease, and our release of new products and services and the deployment of our watermarking technology could be adversely affected.
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We may need to retain additional employees or contract labor in the future in order to take advantage of new business opportunities arising from increased demand, which could impede our ability to achieve or sustain profitability.
We have staffed our company with the intent of achieving and sustaining profitability. Our current staffing levels could affect our ability to respond to increased demand for our services. In addition, to meet any increased demand and take advantage of new business opportunities in the future, we may need to increase our workforce through additional employees or contract labor, which would increase our costs. If we experience such an increase in costs, we may not succeed in achieving or sustaining profitability.
Our future growth will depend to some extent on our successful implementation of our technology in solutions provided by third parties, including partners and suppliers.
Our business and strategy rely substantially on deployment of our technologies by third-party software developers and original equipment manufacturers. For example, one of our technologies is commonly deployed in image editing applications to permit users of these products to read data embedded in imagery, and thereby identify ownership and discern the identities of image owners. Another of our technologies is used in our anti-counterfeiting products. If third parties who include our technologies in their products cease to do so, or we fail to obtain other partners who will incorporate, embed, integrate or bundle our technologies, or these partners are unsuccessful in their efforts, our efforts to expand deployment of our technologies would be adversely affected and, consequently, our ability to increase revenues would be adversely affected and we may suffer other adverse effects to our business. In addition, if our technologies do not perform according to market expectations, our future sales would suffer as customers seek other providers.
Our growth of IP licensing revenues depends on successful implementation of solutions by our licensees and third parties and successful development of new markets for our technologies.
Our IP licensing business and strategy rely, in part, on successful deployment of our technologies by our licensees and other third-party software developers and original equipment manufacturers. For example, our technology is being deployed as part of Digital Cinema systems to theatres around the world by companies that integrate technologies and subsystems. If third parties who license our intellectual property for their products cease to do so, or we fail to obtain other partners who will incorporate, embed, integrate or bundle our technologies and intellectual property, or these partners are unsuccessful in their efforts, our ability to increase licensing revenues would be adversely affected. In addition, if our technologies do not perform according to market expectations, our future sales would suffer as customers seek other providers.
The loss of international customers or the failure to find new international customers could adversely affect our profitability and slow our growth.
We believe that revenue from sales of products and services to commercial, governmental and other customers outside the U.S. could represent a growing percentage of our total revenue in the future. International sales and services are subject to a number of risks that can adversely affect our sales of products and services to customers outside of the United States, including the following:
- •
- changes
in foreign government regulations and security requirements;
- •
- export
license requirements, tariffs and taxes;
- •
- trade
barriers;
- •
- difficulty
in protecting intellectual property;
- •
- difficulty in collecting accounts receivable;
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- •
- currency
fluctuations;
- •
- longer
payment cycles than those for customers in the United States;
- •
- difficulty
in managing foreign operations; and
- •
- political and economic instability.
We do not have an extensive operational infrastructure for international business. We generally depend on local or international business partners and subcontractors for performance of substantial portions of our business. These factors may result in greater risk of performance problems or of reduced profitability with respect to our international programs in these markets. In addition, if foreign customers, in particular foreign government authorities, terminate or delay the implementation of our products and services, it may be difficult for us to recover our potential losses.
We are exposed to currency exchange fluctuations and do not engage in foreign currency hedging transactions. We may in the future choose to limit our exposure by the purchase of forward foreign exchange contracts, collared options, currency swap agreements or through similar hedging strategies. No currency hedging strategy, however, can fully protect against exchange-related losses.
The terms and conditions of our contracts could subject us to damages, losses and other expenses if we fail to meet delivery and other performance requirements.
Our service contracts typically include provisions imposing (i) development, delivery and installation schedules and milestones, (ii) customer acceptance and testing requirements and (iii) other performance requirements. To the extent these provisions involve performance over extended periods of time, risks of noncompliance may increase. From time to time we have experienced delays in system implementation, timely acceptance of programs, concerns regarding program performance and other contractual disputes. Any failure to meet contractual milestones or other performance requirements as promised, or to successfully resolve customer disputes, could result in us incurring liability for damages, as well as increased costs, lower margins, or compensatory obligations in addition to other losses, such as harm to our reputation. Any unexpected increases in costs to meet our contractual obligations or any other requirements necessary to address claims and damages with regard to our customer contracts could have a material adverse effect on our business and financial results.
Our products could have unknown defects or errors, which may give rise to claims against us, divert application of our resources from other purposes or increase our project implementation and support costs.
Products and services as complex as those we offer or develop may contain undetected defects or errors. Furthermore, we often provide complex implementation, integration, customization, consulting and other technical services in connection with the implementation and ongoing maintenance of our products. Despite testing, defects or errors in our products and services may occur, which could result in delays in the development and implementation of products and systems, inability to meet customer requirements or expectations in a timely manner, loss of revenue or market share, increased implementation and support costs, failure to achieve market acceptance, diversion of development resources, injury to our reputation, increased insurance costs, increased service and warranty costs and warranty or breach of contract claims. Although we attempt to reduce the risk of losses resulting from warranty or breach of contract claims through warranty disclaimers and liability limitation clauses in our sales agreements when we can, these contractual provisions are sometimes not included and may not be enforceable in every instance. If a court refuses to enforce the liability-limiting provisions of our contracts for any reason, or if liabilities arose that were not contractually limited or adequately covered by insurance, the expense associated with defending these actions or paying the resultant claims could be significant.
17
The security systems used in our product and service offerings may be circumvented or sabotaged by third parties, which could result in the disclosure of sensitive information or private personal information or cause other business interruptions that could damage our reputation and disrupt our business.
Our business relies on computers and other information technologies, both internal and at customer locations. The protective measures that we use may not prevent security breaches, and failure to prevent security breaches may disrupt our business, damage our reputation, and expose us to litigation and liability. A party who is able to circumvent security measures could misappropriate sensitive or proprietary information or materials or cause interruptions or otherwise damage our products, services and reputation, and the property of our customers. If unintended parties obtain sensitive data and information, or create bugs or viruses or otherwise sabotage the functionality of our systems, we may receive negative publicity, incur liability to our customers or lose the confidence of our customers, any of which may cause the termination or modification of our contracts. Further, our insurance coverage may be insufficient to cover losses and liabilities that may result from these events.
In addition, we may be required to expend significant capital and other resources to protect ourselves against the threat of security breaches or to alleviate problems caused by these breaches. Any protection or remedial measures may not be available at a reasonable price or at all, or may not be entirely effective if commenced.
We are subject to risks encountered by companies developing and relying upon new technologies, products and services for substantial amounts of their growth or revenue.
Our business and prospects must be considered in light of the risks and uncertainties to which companies with new and rapidly evolving technologies, products and services are exposed. These risks include the following:
- •
- we
may be unable to develop sources of new revenue or sustainable growth in revenue because our current and anticipated technologies, products and services may be inadequate
or may be unable to attract or retain customers;
- •
- the
intense competition and rapid technological change in our industry could adversely affect the market's acceptance of our existing and new products and services;
- •
- we
may be unable to develop and maintain new technologies upon which our existing and new products and services are dependent in order for our products and services to be
sustainable and competitive and in order for us to expand our revenue and business; and
- •
- our licensees may not be able to successfully enter new markets or grow their businesses, limiting the royalties payable to us and our associated revenues and profits.
Some of our key technologies and solutions from our patent or technology licensees are in the development stage. Consequently, products incorporating these technologies and solutions are undergoing technological change and are in the early stage of introduction in the marketplace. Delays in the adoption of these products or adverse competitive developments may result in delays in the development of new revenue sources or the growth in our revenue. In addition, we may be required to incur unanticipated expenditures if product changes or improvements are required. Additionally, new industry standards might redefine the products that we or our licensees are able to sell, especially if these products are only in the prototype stage of development. If product changes or improvements are required, success in marketing these products by us or our licensees and achieving profitability from these products could be delayed or halted. We also may be required to fund any changes or improvements out of operating income, which could adversely affect our profitability.
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We may not be able to protect adequately our intellectual property, and we may be subject to infringement claims and other litigation, which could adversely affect our business.
Our success depends in part on licensing our proprietary technologies. To protect our intellectual property portfolio, we rely on a combination of patent, copyright, trademark and trade secret rights, confidentiality procedures and licensing arrangements. Unlicensed copying and use of our intellectual property or infringement of our intellectual property rights result in the loss of revenue to us.
We face risks associated with our patent position, including the potential need from time to time to engage in significant legal proceedings to enforce our patents, the possibility that the validity or enforceability of our patents may be denied, and the possibility that third parties will be able to compete against us without infringing our patents. Budgetary concerns may cause us not to file, or continue, litigation against known infringers of our patent rights, or may cause us not to file for, or pursue, patent protection for all of our inventive technologies in jurisdictions where they may have value. Some governmental entities that might infringe our intellectual property rights may enjoy sovereign immunity from such claims. Failure to reliably enforce our patent rights against infringers may make licensing more difficult. If we fail to protect our intellectual property rights and proprietary technologies adequately, if there are changes in applicable laws that are adverse to our interests, or if we become involved in litigation relating to our intellectual property rights and proprietary technologies or relating to the intellectual property rights of others, our business could be seriously harmed because the value ascribed to our intellectual property could diminish and result in a lower stock price or we may incur significant costs in bringing legal proceedings against third parties who are infringing our patents.
Effective protection of intellectual property rights may be unavailable or limited. Patent protection throughout the world is generally established on a country-by-country basis. We have applied for patent protection in the United States and in various other countries. We do not assure you, however, that pending patents will be issued or that issued patents will be valid or enforceable. Failure to obtain these patents or failure to enforce those patents that are obtained may result in a loss of revenue to us. We do not assure you that the protection of our proprietary rights will be adequate or that our competitors will not independently develop similar technologies, duplicate our services or design around any of our patents or other intellectual property rights.
We are the exclusive licensee under some third-party patents, and may need the assistance of these parties if we choose to enforce any of these patent rights. The cooperation of these third parties cannot be assured even though we rely on some of these technologies for our products or for our licenses to third parties.
As more companies engage in business activities relating to digital watermarking, and develop corresponding intellectual property rights, it is increasingly likely that claims may arise which assert that some of our products or services infringe upon other parties' intellectual property rights. These claims could subject us to costly litigation, divert management resources and result in the invalidation of our intellectual property rights. These claims may require us to pay significant damages, cease production of infringing products, terminate our use of infringing technologies or develop non-infringing technologies. In these circumstances, continued use of our technologies may require that we acquire licenses to the intellectual property that is the subject of the alleged infringement, and we might not be able to obtain these licenses on commercially reasonable terms or at all. Our use of protected technologies may result in liability that threatens our continuing operation.
Some of our contracts include provisions regarding our non-infringement of third-party intellectual property rights. As deployment of our technology increases, and more companies enter our markets, the likelihood of a third party lawsuit resulting from these provisions increases. If an infringement arose in a context governed by such a contract, we may have to refund to our customer amounts already paid to us or pay significant damages, or we may be sued by the party allegedly infringed upon. Similarly, as we seek to broaden the number of companies licensed under our patent portfolio, some
19
may seek contractual assurances that we will pursue—by litigation if necessary—their competitors who use our patented technology but are not licensed to do so. Compliance with any such contract provisions may require that we pursue litigation where our costs exceed our likely recovery.
As part of our confidentiality procedures, we generally enter into non-disclosure agreements with our employees, directors, consultants and corporate partners, and attempt to control access to and distribution of our technologies, solutions, documentation and other proprietary information. Despite these procedures, third parties could copy or otherwise obtain and make unauthorized use of our technologies, solutions or other proprietary information or independently develop similar technologies, solutions or information. The steps that we have taken to prevent misappropriation of our solutions, technologies or other proprietary information may not prevent their misappropriation, particularly outside the United States where laws or law enforcement practices may not protect our proprietary rights as fully as in the United States.
We do not assure that our internal controls and procedures will succeed in achieving their stated goals under all potential future conditions, regardless of how remote.
We have deployed significant resources to design, implement, and maintain effective internal controls and procedures, including disclosure controls and procedures. Although our internal controls and procedures are designed to provide reasonable assurance of achieving their objectives, the design of any system of controls is based in part upon various assumptions about the likelihood of future events, and we do not assure you that our system will succeed in achieving its stated goals under all potential future conditions, regardless of how remote. Any failure to maintain adequate controls or to adequately implement required new or improved controls could harm our operating results or cause us to fail to meet our reporting obligations in a timely and accurate manner.
If our revenue models and pricing structures relating to products and services that are under development do not gain market acceptance, the products and services may fail to attract or retain customers and we may not be able to generate new or sustain existing revenue.
Some of our business involves embedding digital watermarks in traditional and digital media, including identification documents, secure documents, audio, video and imagery, and licensing our intellectual property. Our revenue stream is based primarily on a combination of development, consulting, subscription and license fees from copyright protection and counterfeit deterrence applications. We have not fully developed revenue models for some of our future digital watermarking applications and licensing endeavors. Because some of our products and services are not yet well-established in the marketplace, and because some of these products and services will not directly displace existing solutions, we cannot be certain that the pricing structure for these products and services will gain market acceptance or be sustainable over time or that the marketing for these products and services will be effective.
While we currently have no claims, litigation or regulatory actions filed or pending by or against DMRC, future claims, litigation or enforcement actions could arise, and any obligation to pay a judgment or damages could materially harm our business or financial condition.
From time to time, Digimarc has been engaged in litigation and incurred significant costs relating to these matters. The inherent uncertainties of litigation, and the ultimate cost and outcome of litigation cannot be predicted. We carry director and officer liability insurance and other insurance policies that provide protection against various liabilities relating to claims against us and our executive officers and directors up to prescribed policy limits. If these policies do not adequately cover expenses and liabilities relating to future lawsuits, our financial condition could be materially harmed. In addition, if this insurance coverage becomes unavailable to us or premiums increase significantly in the future, it could make it more difficult for us to retain and attract officers and directors and could expose us to potentially self-funding certain future liabilities ordinarily mitigated by director and officer liability insurance.
20
Reasons for the Spin-Off
On June 29, 2008, Digimarc's board of directors approved the Digimarc/L-1 merger and the spin-off under the terms of the Digimarc/L-1 merger agreement. Digimarc believes that the Digimarc/L-1 merger and spin-off will enhance value for stockholders of Digimarc and stockholders of DMRC Corporation, by creating significant opportunities and benefits, including:
- •
- unlocking
stockholder value in the Secure ID Business through the sale of the Secure ID Business to L-1;
- •
- allowing
the management of DMRC Corporation to focus its efforts on maximizing the value of our proprietary digital watermarking and related technologies; and
- •
- increasing our ability to attract and retain employees by providing equity and non-equity compensation tied directly to our business objectives.
The Separation of the Digital Watermarking Business from Digimarc
We are a wholly owned subsidiary of DMRC LLC, which has been and will be immediately prior to the spin-off a wholly owned subsidiary of Digimarc. DMRC LLC was formed in Delaware on June 18, 2008, in anticipation of the spin-off of the Digital Watermarking Business. Prior to the expiration of, and as a condition to, the offer, Digimarc will contribute all of the assets and liabilities related to its Digital Watermarking Business, together with all of Digimarc's cash, including cash received upon the exercise of stock options, to DMRC LLC. We do not believe that the restructuring will result in the loss of any significant customers or contracts.
Description of the Spin-Off
Following, the restructuring, all of the limited liability company interests of DMRC LLC will be (1) distributed to holders of shares of Digimarc common stock in the LLC spin-off, or (2) pending effectiveness of the Form 10, transferred to a newly-created trust for the benefit of holders of shares of Digimarc common stock in the trust transfer, in either case, on the basis of one unit of DMRC LLC for every three and one-half shares of Digimarc common stock held by the stockholder. Following the spin-off, DMRC LLC will merge with and into its wholly owned subsidiary, DMRC Corporation, and each limited liability company interest of DMRC LLC will be converted into one share of common stock of DMRC Corporation. As a result, each Digimarc stockholder will receive one share of DMRC Corporation for every three and one-half shares of Digimarc common stock held by the stockholder. If the trust transfer occurs, the trust will distribute the shares of DMRC Corporation common stock to the Digimarc stockholders upon effectiveness of the Form 10.
If the trust transfer occurs, a trust will be established under Delaware law for the benefit of Xxxxxxxx's record stockholders as of the record date. The trust will hold all of the interests in DMRC LLC, and following the DMRC Corporation merger, the shares of DMRC Corporation until the Form 10 is declared effective by the SEC, at which time the shares will be distributed to Digimarc's stockholders as of the record date, as beneficiaries of the trust, pro rata in accordance with their ownership of shares of Digimarc common stock on the record date. The DMRC Corporation shares will be the sole asset of the trust, and the sole purpose of the trust will be to hold and distribute those shares, as described. The trustees of the trust will be selected from Digimarc's current independent directors, and will have exclusive authority to take actions on behalf of the trust within its stated purposes. Beneficial interests in the trust will not be issued in certificated form or otherwise evidenced by separate instruments of any kind, and will not be permitted to be traded. Following distribution of the DMRC Corporation shares by the trust to the beneficiaries, the trust will be liquidated.
21
For all U.S. federal and applicable state and local income tax purposes, we, Digimarc and L-1 will treat the trust transfer as a transfer of the DMRC LLC interests to Digimarc's stockholders followed by a transfer of such interests by such stockholders to the trust, and such Digimarc stockholders will be treated as the grantors and owners of such interests held in the trust pursuant to Section 677 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, which we refer to as the Code, and the trust will be treated as a liquidating trust within the meaning of Treasury Regulations Section 301.7701-4(d). The trustees will value, or cause to be valued, the DMRC LLC interests and notify the stockholders in writing of such valuation.
Manner of Effecting the Spin-Off
The general terms and conditions of the spin-off will be set forth in the separation agreement to be entered into by and among Digimarc, DMRC LLC, us and, with respect to certain sections, L-1. For a description of the terms of the separation agreement, see "Our Relationship with Digimarc After the Spin-Off—Separation Agreement."
Digimarc stockholders are not required to pay for shares of our common stock to be received in connection with the spin-off and the DMRC Corporation merger. No vote of Digimarc stockholders is required or sought in connection with the spin-off or the DMRC Corporation merger, and Digimarc stockholders have no appraisal rights in connection with the distribution and the DMRC Corporation merger. The occurrence of the spin-off is a condition to the occurrence of the offer.
On the DMRC stock delivery date, registered holders of Digimarc common stock will have their shares of DMRC Corporation common stock credited to book-entry accounts established for them by Computershare. Computershare will mail an account statement to each such registered holder stating the number of shares of DMRC Corporation common stock credited to the holder's account. Holders of record shall receive cash equal to the fair market value of any fractional shares of DMRC Corporation common stock. After the DMRC stock delivery date, any holder may request:
- •
- a
transfer of all or a portion of their DMRC Corporation shares to a brokerage or other account; and
- •
- receipt of one or more physical share certificates representing their DMRC Corporation shares.
If you become a registered holder of our common stock in connection with the spin-off and the DMRC Corporation merger and you prefer to receive one or more physical share certificates representing your shares of our common stock, you will receive one or more certificates for all shares of DMRC Corporation common stock. Computershare will mail you certificates representing your shares of our common stock as soon after the date of request as practicable.
For those holders of Digimarc common stock who hold their shares through a broker, bank or other nominee, Computershare will credit the shares of our common stock to the accounts of those nominees who are registered holders, who, in turn, will credit their customers' accounts with our common stock. We and Digimarc anticipate that brokers, banks and other nominees will generally credit their customers' accounts with DMRC Corporation common stock on or shortly after the DMRC stock delivery date.
Results of the Spin-Off
Following the spin-off, the DMRC Corporation merger and the DMRC stock delivery date, we will be an independent, publicly-traded company owning and operating the Digital Watermarking Business. We expect that approximately shares of our common stock will be issued and outstanding immediately following the spin-off, based upon the distribution of one share of our common stock for every three and one-half shares of Digimarc common stock, and the approximate number of outstanding shares of Digimarc common stock on , 2008. The actual number of shares to be
22
distributed will be determined based on the number of Digimarc shares outstanding on , 2008, the record date.
Stockholder approval of the spin-off is not required, and you are not required to take any action to receive your DMRC Corporation common stock.
Market for Our Common Stock
There is currently no trading market for our common stock. We will apply to list our common stock on The Nasdaq Global Market under the symbol "DMRCD." We have not and will not set the initial price of our common stock. The initial price will be established by the public markets.
We cannot predict the price at which our common stock will trade after the DMRC stock delivery date. The price at which our common stock trades is likely to fluctuate significantly, particularly until an orderly public market develops. Trading prices for our common stock will be determined in the public markets and may be influenced by many factors. For more information, see "Risk Factors—Risks Related to Our Common Stock and the Spin-Off."
Shares of our common stock distributed to holders in connection with the spin-off will, as of the DMRC stock delivery date, be transferable without registration under the Securities Act except for shares received by persons who may be deemed to be our affiliates. Persons who may be deemed to be our affiliates after the distribution generally include individuals or entities that control, are controlled by or are under common control with us, which may include our executive officers, directors or principal stockholders. Securities held by our affiliates will be subject to resale restrictions under the Securities Act. Our affiliates will be permitted to sell shares of our common stock only pursuant to an effective registration statement or an exemption from the registration requirements of the Securities Act, such as the exemption afforded by Rule 144 under the Securities Act.
Spin-Off Conditions and Termination
We expect that the distribution will be effective on the distribution date, , 2008, provided that, among other things:
- •
- our
board of directors has approved the spin-off and have not abandoned, deferred or modified the spin-off at any time prior to the record date
selected for the distribution;
- •
- each
of the transaction agreements has been duly executed and delivered by the parties thereto;
- •
- each
of the transaction agreements are in full force and effect and the parties thereto have performed or complied with all of their respective covenants, obligations and
agreements contained is such agreements and as required to be performed or complied with prior to the distribution date;
- •
- all
approvals required in connection with the transactions contemplated by the separation agreement have been received and are in full force and effect;
- •
- the
restructuring has been completed in accordance with the separation agreement;
- •
- all
of the conditions of the offer have been satisfied or waived (other than those conditions to be satisfied on the expiration of the offer, which must be satisfied as of
the distribution date) and the expiration date of the offer has been scheduled to occur immediately following the distribution date;
- •
- we have established the record date for the distribution and have provided notice to the National Association of Securities Dealers no later than 10 days prior to the record date for the distribution in compliance with Rule 10b-17 under the Exchange Act; and
23
- •
- all inter-group indebtedness has been paid in full and all actions in respect of liability novation contemplated under the separation agreement has occurred.
The spin-off is contemplated in connection with completion of the Digimarc/L-1merger. The Digimarc/L-1 merger agreement may be terminated at any time prior to the effective time of the Digimarc/L-1 merger:
- •
- by
mutual written consent of Digimarc and L-1, duly authorized by each of their respective boards of directors;
- •
- by
either Digimarc or L-1:
- •
- if,
on or before December 31, 2008, L-1 has not accepted for payment shares of Digimarc common stock pursuant to the offer; or the offer is terminated or
withdrawn pursuant to its terms and the terms of the Digimarc/L-1 merger agreement without any shares of Digimarc common stock being purchased thereunder; unless the reason the acceptance
did not occur or the offer was terminated or withdrawn was primarily due to the failure of the party seeking to terminate to perform any of its obligations under the Digimarc/L-1 merger
agreement;
- •
- if
there is in effect a final and non-appealable law, injunction, judgment or ruling that has the effect of making the acceptance for payment of the shares
Digimarc common stock pursuant to the offer or the completion of the merger illegal, or otherwise preventing or prohibiting completion of the offer or the merger; unless the issuance of the law,
injunction, judgment or ruling was primarily due to the failure of the party seeking to terminate to perform any of its obligations under the Digimarc/L-1 merger agreement; or
- •
- by
L-1:
- •
- if
prior to the time that L-1 accepts shares of Digimarc common stock for payment pursuant to the offer, which we refer to as the acceptance time, Digimarc has
materially breached or failed to perform any of its representations, warranties, covenants or agreements contained in the Digimarc/L-1 merger agreement, which breach or failure would cause
various conditions to the offer not to be satisfied, and which cannot be cured by December 31, 2008 or, if capable of being cured, is not cured within 30 days after receipt of
L-1's written notice to Digimarc of L-1's intention to terminate the Digimarc/L-1 merger agreement, except that L-1 may not terminate the
Digimarc/L-1 merger agreement due to such breach or failure by Digimarc if L-1 is then in material breach of any representations, warranties, covenants or other agreements
under the Digimarc/L-1 merger agreement;
- •
- if:
- •
- Digimarc's
board of directors withdraws or modifies (or publicly proposes to withdraw or modify) in a manner adverse to L-1, Digimarc's board of directors'
recommendation that Digimarc's stockholders accept the offer, tender their shares pursuant to the offer, and, if required by applicable law, adopt the Digimarc/L-1 merger agreement;
- •
- Digimarc's
board of directors approves or recommends (or publicly proposes to approve or recommend) a takeover proposal to Digimarc's stockholders;
- •
- a tender offer or exchange offer for shares of Digimarc's stock that constitutes a takeover proposal is commenced prior to the acceptance time and Digimarc's board of directors fails to recommend the rejection of the tender offer or exchange offer by Digimarc stockholders (including, for these purposes, by taking no position with respect to the acceptance of the tender offer or exchange offer by Digimarc's stockholders,
24
- •
- Digimarc
enters into a definitive agreement with respect to any takeover proposal.
- •
- by
Digimarc:
- •
- if,
prior to the acceptance time, L-1 or Dolomite has materially breached or failed to perform any of its representations, warranties, covenants or agreements
contained in the Digimarc/L-1 merger agreement, which breach or failure would reasonably be expected to prevent L-1 or Dolomite from accepting for payment or paying for shares
of Digimarc common stock pursuant to the offer or completing the merger in accordance with the terms of the Digimarc/L-1 merger agreement and which cannot be cured by December 31,
2008 or, if capable of being cured, is not cured within 30 days after receipt of Digimarc's written notice to L-1 of Digimarc's intention to terminate the Digimarc/L-1
merger agreement, except that Digimarc may not terminate the Digimarc/L-1 merger agreement due to such breach or failure by L-1 if Digimarc is then in material breach of any
representations, warranties, covenants or other agreements under the Digimarc/L-1 merger agreement;
- •
- subject
to the provisions of the Digimarc/L-1 merger agreement regarding extensions of the offer period, if all of the conditions of the offer have been
satisfied and L-1 or Dolomite fails to, as promptly as practicable on the later of (1) the earliest date as of which Dolomite is permitted under applicable law to accept for payment
shares of Digimarc common stock tendered pursuant to the offer and (2) the earliest date as of which each of the conditions of the offer have been satisfied or waived, comply with any of their
respective obligations to
accept for payment all shares of Digimarc common stock tendered pursuant to the offer (and not validly withdrawn); or
- •
- prior to obtaining Digimarc stockholder approval of the adoption of the Digimarc/L-1 merger agreement, if required by applicable law, in order to enter into a definitive agreement providing for the implementation of a transaction that is a superior proposal, if Digimarc has complied with specified notice and negotiation requirements and prior to or concurrently with the termination, Digimarc pays to L-1 a termination fee pursuant to the Digimarc/L-1 merger agreement.
which would constitute a failure to recommend the rejection of the tender offer or exchange offer) within 10 business days after commencement; or
We do not expect to pay any dividends on our common stock in the foreseeable future. Payment of future cash dividends will be at the discretion of our board of directors in accordance with applicable law after taking into account various factors, including our financial condition, operating results, current and anticipated cash needs, plans for expansion and contractual restrictions with respect to the payment of dividends.
25
The following table shows our capitalization as of March 31, 2008 on both an historical basis and a pro forma basis giving effect to our anticipated post-spin-off capital structure as if the spin-off occurred on March 31, 2008. This table should be read in conjunction with our historical financial statements and accompanying notes included in this information statement and the sections entitled "Selected Historical Financial Information," "Pro Forma Financial Information," "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" and "Description of Our Capital Stock."
Our pro forma capitalization is not necessarily indicative of our capitalization had the spin-off been completed on March 31, 2008. The pro forma capitalization below may not reflect the capitalization or financial condition that would have resulted had we been operating as an independent, publicly-traded company at that date, and is not necessarily indicative of our future capitalization or financial condition. For an explanation of the pro forma adjustments made to our historical financial statements for the anticipated spin-off and the transactions related to the proposed spin-off to derive the pro forma capitalization described below, please see "Pro Forma Financial Information."
|
As of March 31, 2008 |
||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Historical |
Pro Forma(1) |
|||||
|
(In thousands) |
||||||
Cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments | $ | 37,435 | $ | 54,035 | |||
Total long-term debt | — | — | |||||
Stockholders' equity: | |||||||
Net parent's investment | 38,514 | — | |||||
Preferred stock | — | 50 | |||||
Common stock | — | 7,225 | |||||
Additional paid-in capital | — | 39,439 | |||||
Total stockholders' equity | $ | 38,514 | $ | 46,714 | |||
Total capitalization | $ | 38,514 | $ | 46,714 | |||
- (1)
- See accompanying notes to the Pro Forma Financial Information.
Upon the completion of the spin-off, Xxxxxxxx's net investment in DMRC will be reclassified as DMRC stockholders' equity and will be allocated between common stock and additional paid-in capital based on the number of shares of DMRC common stock outstanding at the completion of the spin-off. We have assumed for purposes of the pro forma financial statements a distribution ratio of one share of our common stock for every three and one-half shares of outstanding Digimarc common stock, excluding shares held in treasury.
26
SELECTED HISTORICAL FINANCIAL INFORMATION
The following table sets forth our selected financial information as of and for each of the years in the five-year period ended December 31, 2007, as of and for the three months ended March 31, 2007 and 2008, which has been derived from (a) audited financial statements as of December 31, 2005, 2006 and 2007 and for the years ended December 31, 2005, 2006 and 2007, which are included elsewhere in this information statement, (b) unaudited financial information as of December 31, 2003 and 2004 and for the years ended December 31, 2003 and 2004, which are not included in this information statement and (c) unaudited financial information as of March 31, 2007 and 2008 and for the three months ended March 31, 2007 and 2008, which are included elsewhere in this information statement. In our opinion, the information derived from our unaudited financial statements is presented on a basis consistent with the information in our audited financial statements. The selected financial information presented may not reflect the results of operations or financial condition that would have resulted had we been operating as an independent, publicly-traded company during the periods presented, and is not necessarily indicative of our future performance as an independent company. See "Risk Factors—Risks Related to our Common Stock and the Spin-Off."
The selected financial information should be read in conjunction with "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations," the pro forma financial information and accompanying notes, and the historical financial statements and the accompanying notes included elsewhere in this information statement.
Statement of Operations Data(1)
|
For the Years Ended December 31, |
For the Three Months Ended March 31, |
||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
2003 (unaudited) |
2004 (unaudited) |
2005 (audited) |
2006 (audited) |
2007 (audited) |
2007 (unaudited) |
2008 (unaudited) |
|||||||||||||||
Operating revenues | $ | 9,306 | $ | 11,184 | $ | 11,119 | $ | 11,071 | $ | 13,025 | $ | 3,485 | $ | 5,085 | ||||||||
Gross profit percentage | 58 | % | 68 | % | 69 | % | 66 | % | 69 | % | 72 | % | 73 | % | ||||||||
Operating income (loss) | (2 | ) | (2 | ) | $ | (5,770 | ) | $ | (3,908 | ) | $ | (1,310 | ) | $ | (121 | ) | $ | 641 |
Balance Sheet Data(1)
|
For the Years Ended December 31, |
As of March 31, |
|||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
2003 (unaudited) |
2004 (unaudited) |
2005 (audited) |
2006 (audited) |
2007 (audited) |
2007 (unaudited) |
2008 (unaudited) |
||||||||||||||
Cash, cash equivalents and short term investments | $ | 78,633 | $ | 51,836 | $ | 31,982 | $ | 33,073 | $ | 32,713 | $ | 31,505 | $ | 37,435 | |||||||
Total assets | (2 | ) | $ | 56,210 | $ | 36,896 | $ | 37,658 | $ | 38,451 | $ | 35,469 | $ | 42,499 | |||||||
Long-term obligations | $ | 0 | $ | 160 | $ | 295 | $ | 294 | $ | 215 | $ | 240 | $ | 220 | |||||||
- (1)
- The Digimarc/L-1 merger agreement provides that all cash and cash equivalents, short term investments and restricted cash (aggregate cash) of Digimarc are treated as cash retained by DMRC Corporation in its carved-out financial statements. As a result, the presentation of the financial statements and operating data of DMRC Corporation during the carve-out periods, reflect the cash flow of Digimarc, including its Secure ID Business, combined with DMRC Corporation. During 2003 through 2007, the consolidated results of Digimarc reflected operating losses of $0.1 million, $9.5 million, $23.6 million, $13.1 million and $1.6 million respectively. Cash provided by (used in) operations for those same periods were $25.3 million, $4.7 million, ($3.2) million, $9.3 million and $16.3 million respectively. Also, capital expenditures for those periods were $14 million, $39.7 million, $15.5 million, $10.5 million and $17.7 million respectively. In addition, aggregate cash balances were reduced from $78.6 million at the end of 2003 to
27
$32.7 million
at the end of 2007, reflecting the funding of operating losses for the combined Secure ID Business and Digital Watermarking Business and for funding capital expenditures, the
majority being for the Secure ID Business.
Prior to the acquisition of the Secure ID Business from Polaroid by Digimarc in late December 2001, DMRC Corporation operated as a separate entity. Its revenues for 2000 and 2001 were $11.9 million and $13.2 million, respectively, and its operating losses exceeded $20 million in each of those years. In the years after the acquisition and up through the present date, Digimarc's business, including DMRC Corporation, began to benefit from a shared services operating model where its general and administrative costs, among others, could be spread more efficiently across multiple operating activities. In addition, beginning in mid-2005, after incurring significant operating losses in 2004 and projecting further significant losses in the future, the company began a reorganization of its business to focus on its core strengths while significantly reducing its cost of operations in all areas, while growing revenues in both the Secure ID Business and Digital Watermarking Business. The change in the operating results of DMRC Corporation since its early loss years prior to the acquisition began to benefit from the shared services operating model in 2002, and later, beginning in 2005, as operating costs were reduced and revenues began to rise to current levels. As a result, DMRC Corporation's operating losses, reduced over the years to $1.3 million in 2007 and eventually achieved an operating profit of $0.6 million in the first quarter of 2008.
- (2)
- Certain financial data for the years ended December 31, 2004 and 2003 have been omitted from this information statement because they are not available without unreasonable effort and expense. We believe the omission of these financial data for the years ended December 31, 2004 and 2003 are not material to an understanding of our financial performance and related trends.
28
PRO FORMA FINANCIAL INFORMATION
The pro forma financial information set forth below portrays how our spin-off from Digimarc might have affected our historical financial information if it had occurred on March 31, 2008 for balance sheet purposes and on January 1, 2007 for income statement purposes. As you read this, you should be aware that the pro forma financial information is presented for informational purposes only, and is not intended to show what our financial position or results of operations would have been had we been operating as an independent, publicly-traded company during these periods or what our financial position or results of operations might be in the future. The pro forma financial information should be read with our historical financial statements included in this information statement and the section entitled "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations."
How we prepared the pro forma financial information
We prepared the pro forma financial information based upon our historical financial statements adjusted to reflect our estimate of the effect of events that are directly attributable to the spin-off, expected to have a continuing effect on our operations, and are factually supportable. The pro forma adjustments were derived from available information and were based on assumptions that we believe are reasonable and that reflect our current intentions.
Events that are reflected in the pro forma financial information
The pro forma financial information reflects:
- •
- the
impact on cash receipts and expenditures related to the merger and spin-off; and
- •
- our conversion from a limited liability company to a Delaware corporation pursuant to the DMRC Corporation merger, the authorization and issuance of preferred stock, and distribution of our common stock to the stockholders of Digimarc.
Events that are not reflected in the pro forma financial information
The pro forma financial information does not reflect:
- •
- estimated
expenses and related reimbursement under the transition services agreement with L-1; and
- •
- expected, incremental expenses as a stand-alone company versus the allocation of shared services methodology as applied to the financial statements in this information statement.
29
DMRC Corporation
Unaudited Pro Forma Statement of Operations
For the Year Ended December 31, 2007
(In thousands, except per share data)
|
Historical |
The Transaction |
Pro Forma |
|||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Revenue: | ||||||||||||
Service | $ | 7,806 | $ | 7,806 | ||||||||
License and subscription | 5,219 | 5,219 | ||||||||||
Total revenue | 13,025 | — | 13,025 | |||||||||
Cost of revenue: |
||||||||||||
Service | 3,815 | 3,815 | ||||||||||
License and subscription | 217 | 217 | ||||||||||
Total cost of revenue | 4,032 | — | 4,032 | |||||||||
Gross profit |
8,993 |
— |
8,993 |
|||||||||
Operating expenses: |
||||||||||||
Sales and marketing | 2,453 | 2,453 | ||||||||||
Research, development and engineering | 2,912 | 2,912 | ||||||||||
General and administrative | 3,345 | 3,345 | (5) | |||||||||
Intellectual Property | 1,593 | 1,593 | ||||||||||
Total operating expenses | 10,303 | — | 10,303 | |||||||||
Operating income (loss) |
(1,310 |
) |
— |
(1,310 |
) |
|||||||
Other income (expense), net | 1,387 | 1,387 | ||||||||||
Income (loss) before provision for income taxes | 77 | — | 77 | |||||||||
Provision for income taxes | (22 | ) | (22 | ) | ||||||||
Net income (loss) | $ | 55 | $ | $ | 55 | |||||||
Pro Forma |
||||||||||||
Net income (loss) per share—basic and diluted |
$ |
0.01 |
||||||||||
Weighted average shares outstanding—basic and diluted | 7,225 |
30
Unaudited Pro Forma Statement of Operations
For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2008
(In thousands, except per share data)
|
Historical |
The Transaction |
Pro Forma |
|||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Revenue: | ||||||||||||
Service | $ | 2,548 | $ | 2,548 | ||||||||
License and subscription | 2,537 | 2,537 | ||||||||||
Total revenue | 5,085 | — | 5,085 | |||||||||
Cost of revenue: |
||||||||||||
Service | 1,349 | 1,349 | ||||||||||
License and subscription | 59 | 59 | ||||||||||
Total cost of revenue | 1,408 | — | 1,408 | |||||||||
Gross profit |
3,677 |
— |
3,677 |
|||||||||
Operating expenses: |
||||||||||||
Sales and marketing | 656 | 656 | ||||||||||
Research, development and engineering | 922 | 922 | ||||||||||
General and administrative | 980 | 980 | (5) | |||||||||
Intellectual Property | 478 | 478 | ||||||||||
Total operating expenses | 3,036 | — | 3,036 | |||||||||
Operating income (loss) |
641 |
— |
641 |
|||||||||
Other income (expense), net | 294 | 294 | ||||||||||
Income (loss) before provision for income taxes | 935 | — | 935 | |||||||||
Provision for income taxes | (11 | ) | (11 | ) | ||||||||
Net income (loss) | $ | 924 | $ | $ | 924 | |||||||
Pro Forma |
||||||||||||
Net income (loss) per share—basic and diluted |
$ |
0.13 |
||||||||||
Weighted average shares outstanding—basic and diluted | 7,225 |
31
Unaudited Pro Forma Balance Sheet
As of March 31, 2008
(In thousands, except share data)
|
Historical |
The Transaction |
Pro Forma |
|||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
ASSETS | ||||||||||||
Current assets: |
||||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 33,586 | $ | 16,600 | $ | 50,186 | (2) | |||||
Short-term investments | 3,849 | 3,849 | ||||||||||
Trade accounts receivable, net | 3,233 | 3,233 | ||||||||||
Other current assets | 278 | 278 | ||||||||||
Total current assets | 40,946 | 16,600 | 57,546 | |||||||||
Property and equipment, net | 1,167 | 1,167 | ||||||||||
Other assets, net | 386 | 386 | ||||||||||
Total assets | $ | 42,499 | $ | 16,600 | $ | 59,099 | ||||||
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY |
||||||||||||
Current liabilities: |
||||||||||||
Accounts payable and other accrued liabilities | $ | 411 | $ | 8,400 | $ | 8,811 | (1) | |||||
Accrued payroll and related costs | 325 | 325 | ||||||||||
Deferred revenue | 3,029 | 3,029 | ||||||||||
Total current liabilities | 3,765 | 8,400 | 12,165 | |||||||||
Long-term liabilities | 220 | 220 | ||||||||||
Total liabilities | 3,985 | 8,400 | 12,385 | |||||||||
Commitments and contingencies | ||||||||||||
Stockholders' equity: | ||||||||||||
Net parent's investment | 38,514 | (38,514 | ) | — | ||||||||
Preferred stock | 50 | 50 | (4) | |||||||||
Common stock | 7,225 | 7,225 | (2)(3) | |||||||||
Additional paid-in capital | 39,439 | 39,439 | (2)(3)(4) | |||||||||
Total stockholders' equity | 38,514 | 8,200 | 46,714 | |||||||||
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity | $ | 42,499 | $ | 16,600 | $ | 59,099 | ||||||
The transactions included in the unaudited pro-forma balance sheet reflects the following:
- (1)
- Accrual
for estimated closing costs related to the transaction:
- •
- Investment
banking fees of $3.6 million;
- •
- Legal,
accounting, printing and mailing costs of $3.2 million; and
- •
- Severance
related costs of $1.6 million.
- (2)
- Cash received for net effect of transactions related to the exercise of stock options and acceleration of vesting for restricted stock prior to closing of the Digimarc/L-1 merger and spin-off of $16.6 million reflecting a net issuance of 888,000 shares of commons stock, after giving effect to the distribution ratio of one share of DMRC Corporation common stock for
32
- (3)
- The
issuance of approximately 6,337,000 shares of DMRC Corporation common stock (assuming a distribution ratio of one share of DMRC Corporation common stock for every three and
one-half shares of outstanding Digimarc common stock, excluding shares held in treasury).
- (4)
- The
issuance of 10,000 shares of Series A Redeemable Nonvoting Preferred stock, with a value of $5.00 per share. This series has no voting rights, except as required by law,
and may be redeemed by the board of directors at any time on or after June 18, 2013.
- (5)
- The stock compensation expense related to preferred stock of $10 and $3 for the year ended December 31, 2007 and three months ended March 31, 2008, respectively, were not included in the pro forma.
every three and one-half shares of outstanding Digimarc common stock, excluding shares held in treasury.
33
MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF
FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
The following Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations contains forward-looking statements relating to future events or the future financial performance of DMRC Corporation, which involve risks and uncertainties. Our actual results could differ materially from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements. Please see the discussion regarding forward-looking statements included in this information statement, under the caption "Forward-Looking Statements."
Although we believe that the expectations reflected in our forward-looking statements are reasonable, we do not give any assurances that these expectations will prove to be correct. These statements by their nature involve substantial risks and uncertainties that could significantly affect expected results. Actual future results could differ materially from those described in our forward-looking statements, and we do not intend to update or revise any forward-looking statements as a result of new information, future events or otherwise. We urge you to carefully review and consider the various disclosures we have made that attempt to advise interested parties of the factors which affect our business, including the disclosures made under the caption "Forward Looking Statements" in this information statement, the audited financial statements and related notes included in this information statement, and other reports and filings made with the SEC by Digimarc.
The following discussion should be read in conjunction with our financial statements and the related notes and other financial information appearing elsewhere in this information statement.
All dollar amounts are in thousands, unless otherwise noted.
Planned Merger and Separation
On June 29, 2008, Digimarc entered into an amended and restated merger agreement, as amended by that Amendment No. 1 dated as of July 17, 2008 and as may be further amended, which we refer to as the Digimarc/L-1 merger agreement, with L-1 and Dolomite, a wholly owned subsidiary of L-1, pursuant to which Dolomite has offered to purchase all of the outstanding shares of Digimarc common stock, together with the associated preferred stock purchase rights for $12.25 per share. The Digimarc/L-1 merger agreement provides, among other things, that following the completion of the offer and subject to other conditions set forth in the Digimarc/L-1 merger agreement, Dolomite will merge with and into Digimarc with Digimarc continuing as the surviving company and a wholly owned subsidiary of L-1.
Prior to the expiration of the offer, and as a condition to the Digimarc/L-1 merger, Digimarc will contribute all of the assets and liabilities related to its digital watermarking business, together with all of Digimarc's cash, including cash received upon the exercise of stock options, to a wholly owned subsidiary of Digimarc, DMRC LLC, the interests of which will be (1) distributed to holders of shares of Digimarc common stock in the LLC spin-off, or (2) pending effectiveness of the Form 10, transferred to a newly-created trust for the benefit of holders of shares of Digimarc common stock in the trust transfer, in either case, on the basis of one unit of DMRC LLC for every three and one-half shares of Digimarc Corporation common stock held by the stockholder. Following the spin-off, DMRC LLC will merge with and into its wholly owned subsidiary, DMRC Corporation, which we refer to as the DMRC Corporation merger, and each limited liability company interest of DMRC LLC will be converted into one share of common stock of DMRC Corporation. As a result, each Digimarc stockholder will receive one share of DMRC Corporation for every three and one-half shares of Digimarc common stock held by the stockholder. If the trust transfer occurs, the trust will distribute the shares of DMRC Corporation common stock to Digimarc stockholders upon effectiveness of the Form 10.
In connection with the Digimarc/L-1 merger, we will enter into a separation agreement with Digimarc, DMRC LLC and, with respect to certain sections, L-1 which will contain many of the key
34
provisions related to the spin-off the Digital Watermarking Business from Digimarc. We will enter into a transition services agreement with Digimarc to provide one another with transition services and other assistance substantially consistent with the services provided before completion of the spin-off, and a license agreement with L-1 Identity Solutions Operating Company, under which we will license to one another certain intellectual property to be used in the other's business following the spin-off. After the completion of the Digimarc/L-1 merger, DMRC Corporation will change its name to Digimarc Corporation. The following Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations discusses the historical financial condition and results of operations for the Digital Watermarking Business, or DMRC Corporation, without giving effect to the proposed transactions.
Overview
Our technologies, and those of our licensees, span the complete range of media content, enabling governments and enterprises to:
- •
- Quickly
identify and effectively manage music, movies, television programming, digital images, documents and other printed materials, especially in light of new
non-linear distribution over the internet;
- •
- Deter
counterfeiting of money, media and goods, and piracy of movies and music;
- •
- Support
new digital media distribution models and methods to monetize media content;
- •
- Leverage
the power of intuitive computing to instantly link consumers to a wealth of information and/or interactive experiences related to the media and objects they
encounter each day;
- •
- Provide
consumers with more choice and access to media content when, where and how they want it;
- •
- Enhance
imagery and video by associating metadata or authenticate the content for government and commercial uses; and
- •
- Better secure identity documents to enhance national security and combat identity theft and fraud.
Our revenue is generated primarily from patent and technology license fees paid by business partners, and development and service contracts with a variety of government and commercial organizations, including a consortium of Central Banks and a major media and audience measurement company.
Basis of Accounting
The financial statements include the assets, liabilities and results of operations of the components of Digimarc that constitute the business of DMRC to be separated, or "carved-out" in connection with the Digimarc/L-1 merger and spin-off. This information primarily consists of the Digital Watermarking Business and certain accounts of Digimarc. All intercompany balances have been eliminated in the carve-out.
Management believes that the assumptions underlying the financial statements are reasonable. The financial information in these financial statements does not include all of the expenses that would have been incurred had DMRC been a separate, stand-alone public entity. As such, the financial information herein does not reflect the financial position, results of operations and cash flows of DMRC in the future or what they would have been, had DMRC been a separate, stand-alone public entity during the periods presented. Additionally, these historical financial statements include proportional allocations of various shared-services common costs of Digimarc because specific identification of these expenses was not practicable. The common costs include expenses from Digimarc related to various operating shared-
35
services cost centers, including: executive, finance and accounting, human resources, legal, marketing, intellectual property, facilities and information technology. It is expected that the initial operating costs of DMRC on a stand-alone basis will be higher than those allocated to the DMRC operations under the shared services methodology applied in the audited financial statements of DMRC. Consequently, the financial position, results of operations and cash flows of DMRC reflected in the financial statements of DMRC may not be indicative of those that would have been achieved or that might be achieved in the future had DMRC been operated as a separate, stand-alone entity for the periods reflected in its financial statements.
Commitments and contingencies related to DMRC operations have been included in the financial statements and those relating to Digimarc have been excluded.
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
The preparation of financial statements in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the U.S., which we refer to as U.S. GAAP, requires us to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenue and expenses, and related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. On an on-going basis, we evaluate our estimates, including those related to bad debts, income taxes, long-term service contracts, license and subscription agreements, investments, and contingencies and litigation. We base our estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions.
Some of our accounting policies require higher degrees of judgment than others in their application. These include revenue recognition on long-term service contracts, revenue recognition on license and subscription arrangements, reserves for uncollectible accounts receivable, contingencies and litigation and stock-based compensation. We believe the following critical accounting policies affect our more significant judgments and estimates used in the preparation of our financial statements:
Balances and expenses assignment and allocations: Balances and expenses were assigned to the different business units based on the following hierarchy:
- •
- Specific identification—where the amounts were specifically identified to DMRC or the Secure ID Business unit,
they were classified accordingly.
- •
- Reasonable allocation—where the amounts were not clearly or specifically identified, we determined if a
reasonable allocation method may be applied. For example in the shared-services Human Resources cost center we allocated the costs based on the relative headcount of the DMRC and Secure ID Business
units based on the assumption that HR support costs should be relatively equal per employee across the broader population. And in the Intellectual Property cost center we allocated the costs based on
the relative number of patents that are used between the two business units.
- •
- General allocation approach—for consistency, when specific identification or reasonable allocation method did not
seem to fit the situation, we used a general allocation approach. This approach consisted of a blended rate based on what we have determined to be the primary drivers for shared-services:
- •
- Revenue
ratio between the business units.
- •
- Property and Equipment balances (proxy for capital expenditures)—the effort expended on capital projects is a factor in the expense and effort of shared-services. To avoid fluctuations that happen in capital spending, we believe that these balances represent a relative trend of capital spending between the business units. In determining the relative balances of property, we have removed the central IT assets as it supports the entire organization.
36
- •
- Headcount between the business units.
Management believes that the reasonable allocation and general allocation methods are representative of the efforts expended in shared-services in support of the separate business units.
Revenue recognition on long-term service contracts: Revenue from professional service arrangements is generally determined based on time and material. Revenue for professional services is recognized as the services are performed. Billing for services rendered generally occurs within one month following when the services are provided. Revenue earned which has not been invoiced at the reported balance sheet date is classified as unbilled trade receivables, which are included in the balance of trade accounts receivable, net in the balance sheets.
Revenue recognition on license and subscription arrangements: Royalty revenue is recognized when the royalty amounts owed to DMRC Corporation have been earned, are determinable, and collection is probable. These revenues include the licensing of digital watermarking products and services for use in authenticating documents, detecting fraudulent documents and deterring unauthorized duplication or alteration of high-value documents, for use in communicating copyright, asset management and business-to-business image commerce solutions, and for use in connecting analog media to a digital environment. Subscriptions are paid in advance and revenue is recognized ratably over the term of the subscription.
Reserves for uncollectible accounts receivable: We maintain allowances for doubtful accounts for estimated losses resulting from the inability of our customers to make required payments. We determine the allowance based on historical write-off experience and current information. We review, and adjust when appropriate, our allowance for doubtful accounts on at least a quarterly basis. If the financial condition of our customers were to deteriorate, resulting in an impairment of their ability to make payments, additional allowances may be required.
Contingencies and litigation: We periodically evaluate all pending or threatened contingencies or commitments, if any, that are reasonably likely to have a material adverse effect on our operations or financial position. We assess the probability of an adverse outcome and determine if it is remote, reasonably possible or probable as defined in accordance with the provisions of SFAS No. 5, Accounting for Contingencies. If information available prior to the issuance of our financial statements indicates that it is probable that an asset has been impaired or a liability has been incurred at the date of our financial statements, and the amount of the loss, or the range of probable loss can be reasonably estimated, then such loss is accrued and charged to operations. If no accrual is made for a loss contingency because one or both of the conditions pursuant to SFAS No. 5 are not met, but the probability of an adverse outcome is at least reasonably possible, we will disclose the nature of the contingency and provide an estimate of the possible loss or range of loss, or state that such an estimate cannot be made.
Stock-based compensation: We account for stock-based compensation in accordance with SFAS No. 123(R), Share-Based Payment (Revised 2004), which requires the measurement and recognition of compensation for all stock-based awards made to employees and directors including stock options, employee stock purchases under a stock purchase plan and restricted stock awards based on estimated fair values. Stock compensation expense is allocated to DMRC based on a combination of specific and shared services resource allocations from Digimarc.
- •
- We use the Black-Scholes option pricing model as our method of valuation for stock-based awards. Our determination of the fair value of stock-based awards on the date of grant using an option pricing model is affected by Digimarc's stock price as well as assumptions regarding a number of highly complex and subjective variables. These variables include the expected life of the award, our expected stock price, volatility over the term of the award and actual and
37
- •
- The
fair value of time-based restricted stock awards granted is based on the fair market value of Digimarc's common stock on the date of the grant (measurement
date), and is being recognized over the vesting period of the related restricted stock using the straight-line method.
- •
- The
fair value of restricted stock awards that vest upon the satisfaction of market based conditions is calculated using a Monte Carlo valuation model that results in a
discount factor applied to the fair market value of Digimarc's common stock on the date of the grant (measurement date), and is being recognized over the derived service period using the
straight-line method.
- •
- The fair value of restricted stock awards that vest upon the satisfaction of employee performance conditions is based on the fair market value of Digimarc's common stock on the date of grant (measurement date). Management has determined it is probable that all performance conditions can be achieved; therefore, compensation cost is recognized on a straight line basis over the explicit service period. If the performance condition is satisfied early, all remaining compensation cost will be recognized in the period the condition is satisfied. If the performance vesting condition is not met by the end of the explicit service period, all previously recognized compensation cost will be reversed and the shares will be forfeited.
projected exercise behaviors. Although the fair value of stock-based awards is determined in accordance with SFAS 123(R), the Black-Scholes option pricing model requires the input of highly subjective assumptions, and other reasonable assumptions could provide differing results.
Income Taxes: For all historic periods reported in this filing:
- •
- Digimarc
maintained valuation allowances against its net deferred tax assets, including net operating loss carryforwards, since it was more likely than not that the deferred
taxes would not be realized;
- •
- The
provision for income taxes includes foreign taxes withheld by our customers and paid to foreign jurisdictions on our behalf;
- •
- The
DMRC "carved-out" financial statements indicate cumulative losses through the first three months of 2008. Furthermore, we believe expenses in the cumulative
financial statements that are non deductible for federal and state income tax purposes are not sufficient enough to result in taxable income which would have required us to record income tax expense.
As a result of the above, no federal and state income tax benefit was recognized for the book losses that were incurred in those periods prior to 2007 and no income tax expense was recognized during
the 2007 and 2008 periods as any expense was offset by the benefit of net operating loss carry-forwards; and
- •
- After the spin-off, DMRC Corporation, as a separate legal entity will not benefit from any of the carryforward tax attributes of Digimarc, including net operating loss carryforwards.
Backlog
Based on projected commitments we have for the periods under contract with our respective customers, we anticipate our current contracts as of March 31, 2008 will generate approximately $65 million in revenue during the terms of the contracts, currently up to five years. We expect more than $13 million of this amount to be recognized as revenue during the remainder of 2008. This amount includes commitments reasonably expected to be achieved under currently effective contracts. Backlog as of December 31, 2007 and 2006 was approximately $46 million and $13 million respectively. The increase in backlog reflects factors noted below.
38
Some factors that lead to increased backlog are:
- •
- contracts
with new customers;
- •
- renewals
with current customers;
- •
- add-on
orders with current customers; and
- •
- contracts with longer contractual periods replacing contracts with shorter contractual periods.
Some factors that lead to decreased backlog are:
- •
- recognition
of revenue associated with backlog currently in place;
- •
- contracts
with shorter contractual periods replacing contracts with longer contractual periods; and
- •
- contracts ending with existing customers.
The mix of these factors, among others, dictates whether our backlog increases or decreases for any given period. There is no assurance that our backlog will result in actual revenue in any particular period, because the orders and contracts included in our backlog may be subject to modification, cancellation or suspension. We may not realize revenue on some orders included in our backlog, or the timing of recognition may change.
39
The following table presents our statements of operations data for the periods indicated as a percentage of total revenue.
|
Three Months Ended March 31, |
Year Ended December 31, |
|||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
2008 |
2007 |
2007 |
2006 |
2005 |
||||||||
Revenue: | |||||||||||||
Service | 50 | % | 54 | % | 60 | % | 62 | % | 63 | % | |||
License and subscription | 50 | 46 | 40 | 38 | 37 | ||||||||
Total revenue | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | ||||||||
Cost of revenue: | |||||||||||||
Service | 27 | 26 | 29 | 33 | 29 | ||||||||
License and subscription | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 2 | ||||||||
Total cost of revenue | 28 | 27 | 31 | 34 | 31 | ||||||||
Gross profit | 72 | 73 | 69 | 66 | 69 | ||||||||
Operating expenses: | |||||||||||||
Sales and marketing | 13 | 18 | 19 | 34 | 42 | ||||||||
Research, development and engineering | 18 | 21 | 22 | 22 | 28 | ||||||||
General and administrative | 19 | 25 | 26 | 31 | 33 | ||||||||
Intellectual property | 10 | 12 | 12 | 14 | 17 | ||||||||
Total operating expenses | 60 | 76 | 79 | 101 | 120 | ||||||||
Operating income (loss) | 12 | (3 | ) | (10 | ) | (35 | ) | (51 | ) | ||||
Other income (expense), net | 6 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 8 | ||||||||
Income (loss) before provision for income taxes | 18 | 8 | 1 | (24 | ) | (43 | ) | ||||||
Provision for income taxes | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||
Net income (loss) | 18 | % | 8 | % | 1 | % | (24 | )% | (43 | )% | |||
The overall financial results of DMRC have improved significantly over the past two years as revenues grew, the adoption of products and services based on our technologies became more widespread, and we reduced costs through various improvements in our business processes, which we refer to as "cost reduction initiatives."
40
Three Months Ended March 31, 2008 and 2007
Revenue
|
Three Months Ended March 31, |
|
|
|||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Dollar Increase (Decrease) |
Percent Increase (Decrease) |
||||||||||||
|
2008 |
2007 |
||||||||||||
Revenue: | ||||||||||||||
Service | $ | 2,548 | $ | 1,877 | $ | 671 | 36 | % | ||||||
License and subscription | 2,537 | 1,608 | 929 | 58 | % | |||||||||
Total | $ | 5,085 | $ | 3,485 | $ | 1,600 | 46 | % | ||||||
Revenue (as % of total revenue): |
||||||||||||||
Service | 50 | % | 54 | % | ||||||||||
License and subscription | 50 | % | 46 | % | ||||||||||
Total | 100 | % | 100 | % | ||||||||||
Service. Service revenue consists primarily of software development and consulting services. The majority of service revenue arrangements are typically structured as time and materials consulting agreements, or fixed price consulting agreements. The majority of our services revenue is derived from contracts with an international consortium of Central Banks, The Xxxxxxx Company, which we refer to as Nielsen, and with other government agencies.
The increase in service revenue for the three-month period was primarily attributable to increased consulting revenues, a large portion of which related to our new contract with Nielsen.
License and subscription. License revenue originates primarily from licensing our technology and patents where we receive royalties as our income stream. Subscription revenue consists primarily of royalty revenue from the sale of our web-based subscriptions related to various software products, which are more recurring in nature. Revenues from our licensed products have minimal associated direct costs, and thus are highly profitable.
The increase in license and subscription revenue for the three-month period was primarily due to initial license revenues from Nielsen.
Revenue by Geography
|
Three Months Ended March 31, |
|
|
|||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Dollar Increase (Decrease) |
Percent Increase (Decrease) |
||||||||||||
|
2008 |
2007 |
||||||||||||
Revenue by geography: | ||||||||||||||
Domestic | $ | 2,658 | $ | 1,118 | $ | 1,540 | 138 | % | ||||||
International | 2,427 | 2,367 | 60 | 3 | % | |||||||||
Total | $ | 5,085 | $ | 3,485 | $ | 1,600 | 46 | % | ||||||
Revenue (as % of total revenue): |
||||||||||||||
Domestic | 52 | % | 32 | % | ||||||||||
International | 48 | % | 68 | % | ||||||||||
Total | 100 | % | 100 | % | ||||||||||
The increase in domestic revenue for the three-month period was due primarily to additional service and license revenues associated with the Nielsen contract.
41
Cost of Revenue
Service. Cost of service revenue primarily includes costs that are allocated from research, development, engineering and sales and marketing that relate directly to producing revenue under our customer contracts. Allocated costs include:
- •
- salaries,
a payroll tax and benefit factor, incentive compensation and related costs of our software developers, quality assurance personnel, product managers, business
development managers and other personnel where we bill our customers for time and material costs,
- •
- payments
to outside contractors that are billed to customers,
- •
- charges
for equipment directly used by the customer,
- •
- depreciation
charges for machinery, equipment and software, and
- •
- travel costs directly attributable to service and development contracts,
License and subscription. Cost of license and subscription revenue primarily include:
- •
- patent
or software license costs for any patents licensed from third parties where the party receives a portion of royalties or license revenue received by DMRC, and
- •
- internet service provider connectivity charges and image search data fees to support the services offered to our subscription customers.
Gross Profit
|
Three Months Ended March 31, |
|
|
|||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Dollar Increase (Decrease) |
Percent Increase (Decrease) |
||||||||||||
|
2008 |
2007 |
||||||||||||
Gross profit: | ||||||||||||||
Service | $ | 1,199 | $ | 958 | $ | 241 | 25 | % | ||||||
License and subscription | 2,478 | 1,577 | 901 | 57 | % | |||||||||
Total | $ | 3,677 | $ | 2,535 | $ | 1,142 | 45 | % | ||||||
Gross profit (as % of related revenue component): |
||||||||||||||
Service | 47 | % | 51 | % | ||||||||||
License and subscription | 98 | % | 98 | % | ||||||||||
Total | 72 | % | 73 | % |
The slight reduction in overall gross profit as a percentage of revenue for the three-month period primarily reflects:
- •
- an
increase in the cost of services component where we incurred higher incentive compensation under our incentive bonus program for which no accrual was made for the 2007
period, offset somewhat by
- •
- a change in revenue mix where higher margin license revenues comprised a greater percentage of total revenues.
42
Operating Expenses
Sales and marketing
|
Three Months Ended March 31, |
|
|
|||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Dollar Increase (Decrease) |
Percent Increase (Decrease) |
||||||||||
|
2008 |
2007 |
||||||||||
Sales and marketing | $ | 656 | $ | 639 | $ | 17 | 3 | % | ||||
Sales and marketing (as % of total revenue) | 13 | % | 18 | % |
Sales and marketing expenses consist primarily of:
- •
- compensation,
benefits and related costs of sales and marketing employees, product managers and sales engineers;
- •
- travel
and market research costs, and costs associated with marketing programs, such as trade shows, public relations and new product launches;
- •
- incentive
compensation in the form of bonuses and stock-based compensation expense; and
- •
- charges for infrastructure and centralized costs of facilities and information technology.
We allocate certain costs of sales and marketing to cost of service revenue when they relate directly to our service contracts. For direct billable labor hours, we allocate salaries, a payroll tax and benefits factor and incentive compensation related to our bonus and stock compensation plans. We record all remaining, or "residual," costs as sales and marketing costs.
Overall, sales and marketing costs remained relatively flat for the three-month period. The operating costs reflected a greater allocation of billable marketing resources to the cost of sales revenue of $0.1 million, offset by higher incentive compensation accruals for incentive bonuses, compared to no bonus accrual for the 2007 period.
Under the current basis of accounting explained above, we anticipate that we will continue to incur sales and marketing costs at current or higher levels for the remainder of 2008.
Research, development and engineering
|
Three Months Ended March 31, |
|
|
|||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Dollar Increase (Decrease) |
Percent Increase (Decrease) |
||||||||||
|
2008 |
2007 |
||||||||||
Research, development and engineering | $ | 922 | $ | 729 | $ | 193 | 26 | % | ||||
Research, development and engineering (as % of total revenue) | 18 | % | 21 | % |
Research, development and engineering expenses consist primarily of:
- •
- compensation,
benefits and related costs of software developers and quality assurance personnel;
- •
- payments
to outside contractors;
- •
- the
purchase of materials and services for product development;
- •
- incentive
compensative in the form of bonuses and stock-based compensation expense; and
- •
- charges for infrastructure and centralized costs of facilities and information technology.
We allocate certain costs of research, development and engineering to cost of service revenue when they relate directly to our service contracts. For direct billable labor hours, we allocate salaries, a payroll tax and benefits factor and incentive compensation related to our bonus and stock
43
compensation plans. We record all remaining, or "residual," costs as research, development and engineering costs.
The increase in research, development and engineering costs for the three-month period resulted primarily from an increase in engineering personnel and higher incentive compensation accruals for incentive bonuses, compared to no bonus accrual for the 2007 period.
Under the current basis of accounting explained above, we anticipate that we will continue to incur research, development and engineering costs at current levels or higher for the remainder of 2008.
General and administrative
|
Three Months Ended March 31, |
|
|
|||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Dollar Increase (Decrease) |
Percent Increase (Decrease) |
||||||||||
|
2008 |
2007 |
||||||||||
General and administrative | $ | 980 | $ | 857 | $ | 123 | 14 | % | ||||
General and administrative (as % of total revenue) | 19 | % | 25 | % |
General and administrative expenses consist primarily of:
- •
- compensation,
benefits and related costs of executive, finance and administrative personnel;
- •
- legal,
human resources and other professional fees;
- •
- incentive
compensative in the form of bonuses and stock-based compensation expense; and
- •
- charges for infrastructure and centralized costs of facilities and information technology.
The increase in general and administrative costs for the three-month period resulted primarily from increased compensation related costs, the majority of which related to higher incentive compensation accruals for incentive bonuses, compared to no bonus accrual for the 2007 period.
Under the current basis of accounting explained above, we anticipate that we will continue to incur general and administrative expenses at least at the current levels for the remainder of 2008, while continuing to examine means to reduce general and administrative spending as a percentage of revenue in the longer term.
Intellectual property
|
Three Months Ended March 31, |
|
|
|||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Dollar Increase (Decrease) |
Percent Increase (Decrease) |
||||||||||
|
2008 |
2007 |
||||||||||
Intellectual Property | $ | 478 | $ | 431 | $ | 47 | 11 | % | ||||
Intellectual Property (as % of total revenue) | 10 | % | 12 | % |
Intellectual property costs primarily consist of:
- •
- compensation,
benefits and related costs of attorneys and legal assistants;
- •
- costs
associated with documenting, applying for, and maintaining patents and trademarks;
- •
- incentive
compensative in the form of bonuses and stock-based compensation expense; and
- •
- charges for infrastructure and centralized costs of facilities and information technology.
The slight increase for the three-month period ended resulted primarily from increased compensation related costs, the majority of which related to higher incentive compensation accruals for incentive bonuses, compared to no bonus accrual for the 2007 period.
Under the current basis of accounting explained above, we anticipate that we will continue to incur intellectual property costs at least at the current levels for the remainder of 2008.
44
Stock-based compensation
|
Three Months Ended March 31, |
|
|
||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Dollar Increase (Decrease) |
Percent Increase (Decrease) |
|||||||||||
|
2008 |
2007 |
|||||||||||
Cost of service | $ | 43 | $ | 16 | $ | 27 | 169 | % | |||||
Sales and marketing | 83 | 72 | 11 | 15 | % | ||||||||
Research, development and engineering | 16 | 8 | 8 | 100 | % | ||||||||
General and administrative | 220 | 184 | 36 | 20 | % | ||||||||
Intellectual property | 15 | 10 | 5 | 50 | % | ||||||||
Total | $ | 377 | $ | 290 | $ | 87 | 30 | % | |||||
We account for stock-based compensation in accordance with SFAS No. 123(R), Share-Based Payment (Revised 2004), which requires the measurement and recognition of compensation for all stock-based awards made to employees and directors, including stock options, employee stock purchases under a stock purchase plan and restricted stock awards based on estimated fair values. Stock compensation expense is allocated to DMRC based on a combination of specific and shared services resource allocations from Digimarc.
The increase in stock-based compensation expense for the three-month period was primarily due to an additional layer of stock-based awards expensed pursuant to the adoption of SFAS 123(R).
We anticipate incurring additional stock-based compensation expense in the future from Digimarc through the allocation process described above until the close date of the transaction. Thereafter, DMRC will adopt its own stock-based compensation expense under SFAS 123(R). The future effect of the adoption of this statement on our financial position and results of operations will be determined by stock-based awards granted in future periods and the assumptions on which the value of those stock-based awards are based.
Other income (expense), net
|
Three Months Ended March 31, |
|
|
|||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Dollar Increase (Decrease) |
Percent Increase (Decrease) |
||||||||||
|
2008 |
2007 |
||||||||||
Other income (expense), net | $ | 294 | $ | 375 | $ | (81 | ) | (22 | )% |
Other income (expense), net consists primarily of interest income from our cash and short term investments.
The decrease in other income (expense) for the three-month period was due primarily to lower interest earned on cash and investment balances.
Provision for Income Taxes. The provision for income taxes reflects foreign withholding tax expense in various foreign jurisdictions. For all historic periods reported in the financial statements, Xxxxxxxx maintained valuation allowances against its net deferred tax assets, including net operating loss carryforwards, because it was more likely than not that the deferred taxes would not be realized. The provision for income taxes include foreign taxes withheld by our customers and paid to foreign jurisdictions on our behalf. The DMRC "carve-out" financial statements indicate cumulative losses through the first three months of 2008. Furthermore, the amounts of cumulative expenses in the financial statements that were not allowed for Federal and state income tax purposes were not sufficient enough to require us to record income tax expense. As a result of the above, no Federal and state income tax benefit was recognized for the book losses that were incurred in those periods prior to 2007 and no income tax expense was recognized during the 2007 and 2008 periods as any expense was offset by the benefit of net operating loss carry-forwards. After the spin-off, DMRC Corporation, as a
45
separate legal entity, will not benefit from any of the carrryforward tax attributes of Digimarc, including net operating loss carryforwards.
Years Ended December 31, 2007 and 2006
Revenue
|
Year Ended December 31, |
|
|
|||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Dollar Increase (Decrease) |
Percent Increase (Decrease) |
||||||||||||
|
2007 |
2006 |
||||||||||||
Revenue: | ||||||||||||||
Service | $ | 7,806 | $ | 6,812 | $ | 994 | 15 | % | ||||||
License and subscription | 5,219 | 4,259 | 960 | 23 | % | |||||||||
Total | $ | 13,025 | $ | 11,071 | $ | 1,954 | 18 | % | ||||||
Revenue (as % of total revenue): |
||||||||||||||
Service | 60 | % | 62 | % | ||||||||||
License and subscription | 40 | % | 38 | % | ||||||||||
Total | 100 | % | 100 | % | ||||||||||
The increase in service revenue for the year was primarily due to increases in consulting revenue from our Central Banks consortium, Nielsen, and contracts with various other government agencies. We entered into our contract with Nielsen in late 2007.
The increase in license and subscription revenue for the year was primarily attributable to higher license revenues from customers whose revenues fluctuate from period to period and a combination of growing levels of fixed and variable royalties from a larger customer base.
Revenue by Geography
|
Year Ended December 31, |
|
|
|||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Dollar Increase (Decrease) |
Percent Increase (Decrease) |
||||||||||||
|
2007 |
2006 |
||||||||||||
|
(in 000'S) |
|
||||||||||||
Revenue by geography: | ||||||||||||||
Domestic | $ | 3,696 | $ | 2,414 | $ | 1,282 | 53 | % | ||||||
International | 9,329 | 8,657 | 672 | 8 | % | |||||||||
Total | $ | 13,025 | $ | 11,071 | $ | 1,954 | 18 | % | ||||||
Revenue (as % of total revenue): |
||||||||||||||
Domestic | 28 | % | 22 | % | ||||||||||
International | 72 | % | 78 | % | ||||||||||
Total | 100 | % | 100 | % | ||||||||||
The increase in domestic revenue for the year was due primarily to increases in service and license revenues from Nielsen.
The increase in international revenue for the year was due primarily to growing license revenues from various international customers.
46
Gross Profit
|
Year Ended December 31, |
|
|
|||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Dollar Increase (Decrease) |
Percent Increase (Decrease) |
||||||||||||
|
2007 |
2006 |
||||||||||||
Gross profit: | ||||||||||||||
Service | $ | 3,991 | $ | 3,179 | $ | 812 | 26 | % | ||||||
License and subscription | 5,002 | 4,123 | 879 | 21 | % | |||||||||
Total | $ | 8,993 | $ | 7,302 | $ | 1,691 | 23 | % | ||||||
Gross profit (as % of related revenue component): |
||||||||||||||
Service | 51 | % | 47 | % | ||||||||||
License and subscription | 96 | % | 97 | % | ||||||||||
Total | 69 | % | 66 | % |
The overall improvement of gross profit as a percentage of revenue for the year primarily reflects:
- •
- an
improved cost mix within our consulting and programming services contracts that increased our service profit margins, and
- •
- a change in revenue mix where higher margin license revenues constituted a greater percentage of total revenue.
Operating Expenses
Sales and marketing
|
Year Ended December 31, |
|
|
|||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Dollar Increase (Decrease) |
Percent Increase (Decrease) |
||||||||||
|
2007 |
2006 |
||||||||||
Sales and marketing | $ | 2,453 | $ | 3,740 | $ | (1,287 | ) | (34 | )% | |||
Sales and marketing (as % of total revenue) | 19 | % | 34 | % |
The decrease in sales and marketing expense for year primarily reflects:
- •
- a
reduction of overall sales and marketing costs resulting from the cost reduction initiatives that began in the second half of 2005 and accelerated further in the second
half of 2006,
- •
- lower
shared-services marketing costs allocated to us due to an increased focus on the Secure ID Business unit, and, to a lesser extent,
- •
- a decrease in the costs of our incentive bonus program by $0.2 million, reflecting no bonus accrual for the 2007 period.
Research, development and engineering
|
Year Ended December 31, |
|
|
|||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Dollar Increase (Decrease) |
Percent Increase (Decrease) |
||||||||||
|
2007 |
2006 |
||||||||||
Research, development and engineering | $ | 2,912 | $ | 2,448 | $ | 464 | 19 | % | ||||
Research, development and engineering (as % of total revenue) | 22 | % | 22 | % |
The increase in research, development and engineering expense for the year reflects:
- •
- increased costs to support a growing business and the enhancement of current or new products and solutions being offered to the market, offset by
47
- •
- a decrease in the costs of our incentive bonus program, reflecting no bonus accrual for the 2007 period.
General and administrative
|
Year Ended December 31, |
|
|
|||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Dollar Increase (Decrease) |
Percent Increase (Decrease) |
||||||||||
|
2007 |
2006 |
||||||||||
General and administrative | $ | 3,345 | $ | 3,433 | $ | (88 | ) | (3 | )% | |||
General and administrative (as % of total revenue) | 26 | % | 31 | % |
The slight decrease in general and administrative expense for the year reflects a decrease in our incentive bonus program, reflecting no bonus accrual for the 2007 period.
Intellectual property
|
Year Ended March 31, |
|
|
|||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Dollar Increase (Decrease) |
Percent Increase (Decrease) |
||||||||||
|
2007 |
2006 |
||||||||||
Intellectual Property | $ | 1,593 | $ | 1,589 | $ | 4 | 0 | % | ||||
Intellectual Property (as % of total revenue) | 12 | % | 14 | % |
Intellectual property expense remained relatively consistent from year to year.
Stock-based compensation
|
Year Ended December 31, |
|
|
||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Dollar Increase (Decrease) |
Percent Increase (Decrease) |
|||||||||||
|
2007 |
2006 |
|||||||||||
Cost of service | $ | 102 | $ | 42 | $ | 60 | 143 | % | |||||
Sales and marketing | 287 | 172 | 115 | 67 | % | ||||||||
Research, development and engineering | 47 | 51 | (4 | ) | (8 | )% | |||||||
General and administrative | 728 | 495 | 233 | 47 | % | ||||||||
Intellectual property | 45 | 30 | 15 | 50 | % | ||||||||
Total | $ | 1,209 | $ | 790 | $ | 419 | 53 | % | |||||
The increase in stock-based compensation expense for the year was primarily due to an additional layer of stock-based awards expensed pursuant to the adoption of SFAS 123(R).
Other income (expense), net
|
Year Ended December 31, |
|
|
|||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Dollar Increase (Decrease) |
Percent Increase (Decrease) |
||||||||||
|
2007 |
2006 |
||||||||||
Other income (expense), net | $ | 1,387 | $ | 1,242 | $ | 145 | 12 | % |
The increase in other income (expense) for the year reflects higher average interest rates on our cash and investment balances.
48
Years Ended December 31, 2006 and 2005
Revenue
|
Year Ended December 31, |
|
|
|||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Dollar Increase (Decrease) |
Percent Increase (Decrease) |
||||||||||||
|
2006 |
2005 |
||||||||||||
Revenue: | ||||||||||||||
Service | $ | 6,812 | $ | 7,051 | $ | (239 | ) | (3 | )% | |||||
License and subscription | 4,259 | 4,068 | 191 | 5 | % | |||||||||
Total | $ | 11,071 | $ | 11,119 | $ | (48 | ) | 0 | % | |||||
Revenue (as % of total revenue): |
||||||||||||||
Service | 62 | % | 63 | % | ||||||||||
License and subscription | 38 | % | 37 | % | ||||||||||
Total | 100 | % | 100 | % | ||||||||||
The decrease in service revenue for the year was primarily due to decreased services provided to government agencies other than Central Banks, where projects are sometimes non-recurring in nature.
The increase in license and subscription revenue for the year was primarily due to a combination of growing levels of fixed and variable royalties from a larger customer base.
Revenue by Geography
|
Year Ended December 31, |
|
|
|||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Dollar Increase (Decrease) |
Percent Increase (Decrease) |
||||||||||||
|
2006 |
2005 |
||||||||||||
Revenue by geography: | ||||||||||||||
Domestic | $ | 2,414 | $ | 2,882 | $ | (468 | ) | (16 | )% | |||||
International | 8,657 | 8,237 | 420 | 5 | % | |||||||||
Total | $ | 11,071 | $ | 11,119 | $ | (48 | ) | 0 | % | |||||
Revenue (as % of total revenue): |
||||||||||||||
Domestic | 22 | % | 26 | % | ||||||||||
International | 78 | % | 74 | % | ||||||||||
Total | 100 | % | 100 | % | ||||||||||
The decrease in domestic revenue for the year was due primarily to decreased services provided to government agencies other than Central Banks as discussed above.
The increase in international revenue for the year was due primarily to increased service revenues from our Central Banks contract and increased license revenues from various customers as discussed above.
49
Gross Profit
|
Year Ended December 31, |
|
|
|||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Dollar Increase (Decrease) |
Percent Increase (Decrease) |
||||||||||||
|
2006 |
2005 |
||||||||||||
Gross profit: | ||||||||||||||
Service | $ | 3,179 | $ | 3,752 | $ | (573 | ) | (15 | )% | |||||
License and subscription | 4,123 | 3,886 | 237 | 6 | % | |||||||||
Total | $ | 7,302 | $ | 7,638 | $ | (336 | ) | (4 | )% | |||||
Gross profit (as % of related revenue component): | ||||||||||||||
Service | 47 | % | 53 | % | ||||||||||
License and subscription | 97 | % | 96 | % | ||||||||||
Total | 66 | % | 69 | % |
The reduction in overall gross profit as a percentage of revenue, for the year reflects:
- •
- a
change in cost mix within our consulting and programming services contracts that reduced our service profit margins, offset slightly by
- •
- a change in revenue mix where higher margin license revenues constituted a greater percentage of total revenue.
Operating Expenses
Sales and marketing
|
Year Ended December 31, |
|
|
|||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Dollar Increase (Decrease) |
Percent Increase (Decrease) |
||||||||||
|
2006 |
2005 |
||||||||||
Sales and marketing | $ | 3,740 | $ | 4,692 | $ | (952 | ) | (20 | )% | |||
Sales and marketing (as % of total revenue) | 34 | % | 42 | % |
The decrease in sales and marketing expense for year resulted primarily from:
- •
- a
reduction of overall sales and marketing costs resulting from the cost reduction initiatives that began in the second half of 2005 and accelerated further in the second
half of 2006, offset partially by
- •
- increases in our incentive bonus and stock compensation programs by $0.2 million, largely attributable to the adoption of SFAS 123R in 2006.
Research, development and engineering
|
Year Ended December 31, |
|
|
|||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Dollar Increase (Decrease) |
Percent Increase (Decrease) |
||||||||||
|
2006 |
2005 |
||||||||||
Research, development and engineering | $ | 2,448 | $ | 3,208 | $ | (760 | ) | (24 | )% | |||
Research, development and engineering (as % of total revenue) | 22 | % | 28 | % |
The decrease in research, development and engineering expense for the year resulted primarily from:
- •
- a reduction of overall research, development and engineering costs resulting from the cost reduction initiatives that began in the second half of 2005 and accelerated further in the second half of 2006, offset partially by
50
- •
- increases in our incentive bonus and stock compensation programs by $0.2 million, reflecting the adoption of SFAS 123R in 2006.
General and administrative
|
Year Ended December 31, |
|
|
|||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Dollar Increase (Decrease) |
Percent Increase (Decrease) |
||||||||||
|
2006 |
2005 |
||||||||||
General and administrative | $ | 3,433 | $ | 3,645 | $ | (212 | ) | (6 | )% | |||
General and administrative (as % of total revenue) | 31 | % | 33 | % |
The decrease in general and administrative expense for the year resulted primarily from:
- •
- a
reduction of overall general and administrative costs resulting from the cost reduction initiatives that began in the second half of 2005 and accelerated further in the
second half of 2006, offset partially by
- •
- increases in our incentive bonus and stock compensation programs by $0.2 million, reflecting the adoption of SFAS 123R in 2006.
Intellectual property
|
Three Months Ended March 31, |
|
|
|||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Dollar Increase (Decrease) |
Percent Increase (Decrease) |
||||||||||
|
2006 |
2005 |
||||||||||
Intellectual Property | $ | 1,589 | $ | 1,863 | $ | (274 | ) | (15 | )% | |||
Intellectual Property (as % of total revenue) | 14 | % | 17 | % |
The decrease in intellectual property expenses resulted primarily from realignment of our resources and reduction of third party agent and government fees associated with our cost reduction initiatives.
Stock-based compensation
|
Year Ended December 31, |
|
|
||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Dollar Increase (Decrease) |
Percent Increase (Decrease) |
|||||||||||
|
2006 |
2005 |
|||||||||||
Cost of service | $ | 42 | — | $ | 42 | 0 | % | ||||||
Sales and marketing | 172 | 56 | 116 | 207 | % | ||||||||
Research, development and engineering | 51 | — | 51 | 0 | % | ||||||||
General and administrative | 495 | 147 | 348 | 237 | % | ||||||||
Intellectual property | 30 | — | 30 | 0 | % | ||||||||
Total | $ | 790 | $ | 203 | $ | 587 | 289 | % | |||||
The increase in stock-based compensation expense for year was primarily due to the adoption of SFAS 123(R) effective in 2006 that required expensing of all stock based awards, including stock options and restricted stock. For 2005, our restricted stock grants recorded stock compensation expense in accordance with SFAS 123.
51
Other income (expense), net
|
Year Ended December 31, |
|
|
|||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Dollar Increase (Decrease) |
Percent Increase (Decrease) |
||||||||||
|
2006 |
2005 |
||||||||||
Other income (expense), net | $ | 1,242 | $ | 928 | $ | 314 | 34 | % |
The increase in other income (expense) for the year was primarily due to higher interest rates earned on our cash and investment balances.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
As of March 31, 2008, we had cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments of $37.4 million, representing an increase of approximately $4.7 million from $32.7 million at December 31, 2007. Working capital at March 31, 2008 was $37.2 million, compared to working capital of $33.5 million at December 31, 2007. Cash flow generated by the Parent, which flows to this business unit, and improved operating results contributed to our improved cash and working capital positions.
Operating Cash Flow. The components of operating cash flows were:
|
Three Months Ended March 31, |
Year Ended December 31, |
|||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
(unaudited) |
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
|
2008 |
2007 |
2007 |
2006 |
2005 |
||||||||||||
Net income (loss) | $ | 924 | $ | 250 | $ | 55 | $ | (2,687 | ) | $ | (4,842 | ) | |||||
Non-cash items | 653 | 446 | 1,821 | 1,393 | 769 | ||||||||||||
Changes in operating assets and liabilities | 987 | 342 | (851 | ) | (473 | ) | 239 | ||||||||||
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities | $ | 2,564 | $ | 1,038 | $ | 1,025 | $ | (1,767 | ) | $ | (3,834 | ) | |||||
Net income (loss). The improving operating results in each of the comparable periods reflect:
- •
- overall
lower operating expenses in the 2005 through 2007 periods due to our cost reduction initiatives that began in 2005, and
- •
- increased revenues in 2007 and 2008 reflecting a growing business.
Non-cash charges. The increase in non-cash charges in each of the comparable periods is primarily the result of:
- •
- increases
in stock compensation expense arising from the adoption of SFAS 123R that reflect the effect of stock option and restricted stock grants that generally vest
over a four year period, and, to a lesser extent,
- •
- increased depreciation expense as a result of our information technology investments.
Operating assets and liabilities. The major changes in the operating assets and liabilities for the comparable periods primarily reflect timing differences for:
- •
- collection
of receivables related to deferred revenues. Billings for revenues that are made in advance, as provided in our contracts, and the related collections of
receivables, result in deferred revenues. The timing of these xxxxxxxx and collections fluctuates and can change from period to period based on individual customer requirements, and
- •
- accrual for and payment of liabilities related to payroll and related costs, such as our 401(k) plan matching contributions and incentive bonus programs. These costs and associated liabilities are
52
traditionally accrued during each quarterly period and increase throughout each year and then are paid out to participants in the first quarter after each year end. For 2007, there were no incentive bonus accruals and accordingly no incentive bonus payment was made during the period ended March 31, 2008.
Cash provided by (used in) investing activities. The major changes in our investing activities are the result of:
- •
- relatively
small investments made in property and equipment, primarily in our information technology area for computer systems and related equipment to operate our business,
which have not been significant over the reported periods, and
- •
- net activity from investing our cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments, the balances of which over the comparable periods have remained between $32 million to $33 million except for the recent increase in our cash and investments in the three-month period ended March 31, 2008.
Cash provided by (used in) financing activities. The major changes in our financing activities are the result of cash transactions associated with Digimarc in accordance with the basis of accounting used in these financial statements. Specifically:
- •
- all
cash received from Digimarc's stock activity, primarily from the exercise of stock options, flows through to DMRC Corporation, and
- •
- all cash flow generated or used by Digimarc flows into or out of DMRC Corporation. In the 2005 and 2007 periods, the cash used in financing activities related primarily to funding capital needs of the Secure ID Business unit. In the 2006 and 2008 periods, the capital needs of that business unit were lower.
Commitments and Contingencies.
Our significant commitments consist of obligations under non-cancelable operating leases for our facilities rent and various equipment leases, which totaled $3.2 million as of December 31, 2007, and are payable in monthly installments through July 2011. Our significant commitments and payment obligations under non-cancelable operating leases at December 31, 2007 are as follows:
|
Payment Due by Period (in 000's) |
||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Total |
Less than 1 year |
2-3 years |
4-5 years |
More than 5 years |
||||||||||
Total contractual obligations | $ | 3,174 | $ | 837 | $ | 1,738 | $ | 599 | $ | — | |||||
Future Cash Expectations.
We believe that our current cash, cash equivalents, and short-term investment balances will satisfy our projected working capital and capital expenditure requirements for at least the next 12 months. In addition, we expect to generate positive cash flow from operations in 2008 that we can use to fund our operating and capital needs. Thereafter, we anticipate continuing to use cash, cash equivalents, short-term investment balances to satisfy our projected working capital and capital expenditure requirements.
We may utilize cash resources to fund acquisitions or investments in complementary businesses, technologies or product lines. In order to take advantage of opportunities, we may find it necessary to obtain additional equity financing, debt financing, or credit facilities. We do not believe at this time,
53
however, that our long-term working capital and capital expenditures would require us to take steps to remedy any such potential deficiencies. If it were necessary to obtain additional financings or credit facilities, we may not be able to do so, or if these funds are available, they may not be available on satisfactory terms.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
We do not have any off-balance sheet arrangements that have or are reasonably likely to have a current or future effect on our financial condition, changes in financial condition, revenue or expenses, results of operations, liquidity, capital expenditures or capital resources that is material.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
In September 2006, the FASB issued SFAS No. 157, Fair Value Measurements, which defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value in U.S. GAAP, and expands disclosures about fair value. This statement does not require any new fair value measurements, but provides guidance on how to measure fair value by providing a fair value hierarchy used to classify the source of the information. SFAS No. 157 is effective the first fiscal year beginning after November 15, 2007. We have applied the provisions of this standard regarding the framework of measuring fair value and noted no material effect on the current financial statements.
In February 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 159, The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities, which permits entities to choose to measure certain financial assets and liabilities at fair value. SFAS No. 159 is effective the first fiscal year beginning after November 15, 2007. We have elected not to measure certain financial assets and liabilities at fair value as permitted by SFAS No. 159.
Forward-Looking Statements
Because this information statement contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, any of the risk factors set forth in this information statement or elsewhere in this information statement or incorporated herein by reference could cause our actual results to differ materially from those results projected or suggested in such forward-looking statements. Statements that are not historical facts are hereby identified as "forward-looking statements" for the purposes of the safe harbor provided by Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933. Such forward-looking statements include but are not limited to statements relating to:
- •
- the
offer, spin-off, DMRC Corporation merger and Digimarc/L-1 merger and related expected arrangements among the various parties to the offer,
the spin-off, the DMRC Corporation merger and the Digimarc/L-1 merger;
- •
- concentration
of revenues with few customers comprising a large majority of the revenues;
- •
- trends
and expectations in revenue growth;
- •
- our
future level of investment in our business, including investment in development of products and technology, acquisition of new customers and development of new market
opportunities;
- •
- our
ability to improve margins;
- •
- anticipated
expenses, costs, margins and investment activities in the foreseeable future;
- •
- anticipated
revenue to be generated from current contracts and as a result of new programs;
- •
- our profitability in future periods;
54
- •
- business
opportunities that could require that we seek additional financing;
- •
- the
size and growth of our markets;
- •
- the
existence of international growth opportunities and our future investment in such opportunities;
- •
- the
source of our future revenue;
- •
- our
expected short-term and long-term liquidity positions;
- •
- our
ability to fund our working capital needs through cash flow from operations;
- •
- our
use of cash in upcoming quarters;
- •
- anticipated
levels of backlog and bid activity in future periods;
- •
- anticipated
levels of stock-based compensation expense in future periods and the future effect of our adoption of SFAS 123(R); and
- •
- the likelihood or outcome of legal proceedings and claims and their effect on our business.
Such forward-looking statements also include other statements containing words such as "anticipate," "estimate," "expect," "management believes," "we believe," "we intend," "should" and similar words or phrases, which are intended to identify forward-looking statements. Actual results may vary materially due to, among other things, our failure to become profitable, the failure of the potential markets for our digital watermarking technology to develop as anticipated, the adoption of alternative technologies within these markets, as well as changes in economic, business, competitive, technology and/or regulatory factors and trends, and the other factors described in this information statement or in our other documents filed with the SEC. All forward-looking statements are necessarily only estimates of future results and there can be no assurance that actual results will not differ materially from expectations, and, therefore, investors are cautioned not to place undue reliance on such statements. Investors should understand that it is not possible to predict or identify all risk factors and that the risks discussed in this information statement should not be considered a complete statement of all potential risks and uncertainties. We do not intend to update any forward-looking statements as a result of future events or developments, except as required by law.
55
Overview
DMRC Corporation is a leading innovator and technology provider, enabling governments and enterprises around the world to give digital identities to media and objects that computers can sense and recognize and to which they can react. Our technology provides the means to infuse persistent digital information, perceptible only to computers and digital devices, into all forms of media content. The unique digital identifier placed in media persists with it regardless of the distribution path and whether it is copied, manipulated or converted to a different format, and does not affect the quality of the content or the enjoyment or usefulness of it. Our technology permits computers and digital devices to quickly identify relevant data from vast amounts of media content.
Our technologies, and those of our licensees, span the complete range of media content, enabling governments and enterprises to:
- •
- Quickly
identify and effectively manage music, movies, television programming, digital images, documents and other printed materials, especially in light of new non-linear
distribution over the internet
- •
- Deter
counterfeiting of money, media and goods, and piracy of movies and music;
- •
- Support
new digital media distribution models and methods to monetize media content;
- •
- Leverage
the power of intuitive computing to instantly link consumers to a wealth of information and/or interactive experiences related to the media and objects they
encounter each day;
- •
- Provide
consumers with more choice and access to media content when, where and how they want it;
- •
- Enhance
imagery and video by associating metadata or authenticate the content for government and commercial uses; and
- •
- Better secure identity documents to enhance national security and to combat identity theft and fraud.
Our revenue is generated primarily from patent and technology license fees paid by business partners, and development and service contracts with a variety of government and commercial organizations, including a consortium of Central Banks and a major media and audience measurement company.
Financial information about geographic areas is included in Note 4 of our financial statements.
History
We were formed in Delaware on June 18, 2008 by Digimarc to hold and operate the Digital Watermarking Business and to facilitate the separation of its Secure ID Business through the spin-off and the Digimarc/L-1 merger. Digimarc was founded to commercialize a signal processing innovation known as "digital watermarking." Digital watermarking is a technology that allows our customers to infuse digital data into any media content that is digitally processed at some point during its lifecycle. The technology can be applied to printed materials, video, audio, and images. The inclusion of these digital data enables a wide range of improvements in security and media management, and new business models for distribution and consumption of media content. Over the years our technology and intellectual property portfolios have grown to encompass many related technologies.
Banknote counterfeit deterrence was the first commercially successful use of our technologies. Digimarc, in cooperation with an international consortium of Central Banks, developed a system to deter the use of digital technologies in the unauthorized reproduction of banknotes. More recently,
56
innovations based on our digital watermarking technology and experience have been leveraged to create new products to deter counterfeiting and tampering of driver licenses and other government-issued secure credentials. In parallel, our business partners, under patent or technology licenses from us, are delivering digital watermarking solutions to track and monitor the distribution of music, images, television and movies to consumers. Recently, in November of 2007, we announced a relationship with Nielsen to license our patents in support of their audience measurement across more than 95% of the television shows broadcast in the United States and to provide development services for Xxxxxxx'x new Digital Media Manager content identification and management system to be brought to market by Nielsen in 2008.
Customers and Business Partners
Our revenue is generated through commercial and government applications of our technologies, including a long-term contract with a consortium of Central Banks. Our contract with the Central Bank consortium is in its tenth year. The contract is in the final year of a 5-year extension and provides for two additional 3-year extensions. The Central Bank consortium has agreed to the first 3-year extension. We also have a development and services agreement with Nielsen, and engage in other development or service initiatives for government or commercial clients from time to time. Other revenue is generated primarily from patent and technology license fees paid by business partners providing media identification and management solutions to movie studios and music labels, television broadcasters, creative professionals and other customers around the world. Patent and technology licensing is expected to continue to contribute most of the revenues from non-government customers for the foreseeable future.
As part of our work with government customers, we must comply with and are affected by laws and regulations relating to the award, administration and performance of government contracts. Government contract laws and regulations affect how we do business with our customers and, in some instances, impose added costs on our business.
In some instances, these laws and regulations impose terms or rights that are more favorable to the government than those typically available to commercial parties in negotiated transactions. For example, the government agency may terminate any of our contracts and, in general, subcontracts, at its convenience, as well as for default based on performance. Upon termination for convenience of a fixed-price type contract, we normally are entitled to receive the purchase price for delivered items, reimbursement for allowable costs for work-in-process and an allowance for profit on the contract or adjustment for loss if completion of performance would have resulted in a loss. Upon termination for convenience of a cost reimbursement contract, we normally are entitled to reimbursement of allowable costs plus a portion of the fee.
In addition, our government contracts typically span one or more base years and multiple option years. The government agency generally has the right to not exercise option periods and may not exercise an option period if the agency is not satisfied with our performance on the contract.
Products and Services
We provide some media identification and management solutions to commercial entities and government customers. Our license solutions primarily target the media and entertainment industry. We have two multi-year development agreements, one with an international consortium of Central Banks, and the other with Xxxxxxx.
Commercial customers use secure media solutions from our business partners and us to identify, track, manage and protect content as it is distributed and consumed—either digitally or physically—and to enable new consumer applications to access networks and information from personal computers and
57
mobile devices. Many movie studios, record labels, broadcasters, creative professionals and other customers rely on our technologies as a cost-effective means to:
- •
- deter
piracy and illegal use of movies, music and images;
- •
- protect
entertainment content from copyright infringement;
- •
- track
and monitor entertainment content for rights usage and licensing compliance;
- •
- monitor
advertisements to verify ad placement and measure return on investment;
- •
- enhance
information access, search and marketing capabilities related to media content; and
- •
- enable fair and legitimate use of content by consumers.
Licensees of our technology or intellectual property include AquaMobile, Cinea, Inc., a subsidiary of Dolby Laboratories, Inc., GCS Research LLC, MediaGrid, Microsoft Corporation, Mobile Data Systems, Inc., The Xxxxxxx Company, Royal Philips Electronics, Signum Technologies Limited, Thomson Multimedia, S.A., USA Video, Verance corporation, Verimatrix, Inc. and VCP (an affiliate of VEIL Interactive Technologies).
Technology and Intellectual Property
We develop and patent intellectual property to differentiate products and technologies, mitigate infringement risk, and develop opportunities for licensing. Licensing of our technologies is supported by a broad patent portfolio covering a wide range of methods, applications, system architectures and business processes.
Most of our patents relate to various methods for embedding digital information in video, audio, images, and printed materials, whether the content is rendered in analog or digital formats. The digital information is generally embedded by making subtle modifications to the fundamental elements of the content itself, generally at a signal processing level. The changes necessary to embed this information are so subtle that they are generally not noticeable by people during normal use. Because the message is carried by the content itself, it is file-format independent. The message generally survives most normal compression, edits, rotation, scaling, re-sampling, file-format transformations, copying, scanning and printing.
To protect our intellectual property rights, we have implemented an extensive intellectual property protection program that relies on a combination of patent, copyright, trademark and trade secret laws, and nondisclosure agreements and other contracts. As a result, we believe we have one of the world's most extensive patent portfolios in the field of digital watermarking, with over 350 U.S. and over 85 foreign issued patents and more than 400 U.S. and foreign patent applications on file as of March 31, 2008 in the areas of digital watermarking and related technologies. Separately, we own registered trademarks in both the U.S. and other countries and have applied for other trademarks. We continue to develop and broaden our portfolio of patented technologies, including digital watermarking and related applications and systems.
Although we devote significant resources to developing and protecting our technologies, and periodically evaluate potential competitors of our technologies for infringement of our intellectual property rights, these infringements may nonetheless go undetected or may arise in the future. We expect that infringement claims may increase as companies become more concerned with protecting their content from electronic copying.
Markets
Our technologies are used in various media identification and management products and solutions supporting a variety of media objects, from movies, music TV programming and images, to banknotes,
58
secure credentials and physical products or packaging. Each media object enabled by our technology can be recognized by networks and digital devices, resulting in a wide range of applications for our technologies, including in the fields of:
- •
- counterfeiting
and piracy deterrence;
- •
- media
management;
- •
- authentication,
measurement or monitoring;
- •
- linking
to networks and providing access to information; and
- •
- enhanced services in support of mobile commerce.
We believe the market potential for our technologies is in the early stages of development and that existing solutions represent only a small portion of the potential market for our products, services, and technologies.
Competition
Our business partners and we generally compete with application-specific alternative technologies for the security or marketing budgets of the producers and distributors of media objects, documents, products and advertising. These application-specific alternatives include technologies and solutions based on encryption, fingerprinting and pattern recognition. We anticipate that our competitive position within certain markets may be affected by factors such as reluctance to adopt new technologies and, positively or negatively, by changes in government regulations.
Backlog
Based on projected commitments we have for the periods under contract with our respective customers, we anticipate our current contracts as of March 31, 2008 will generate approximately $65 million in revenue during the terms of the contracts, currently up to 5 years. We expect more than $13 million of this amount to be recognized as revenue during the remainder of 2008. This amount includes commitments reasonably expected to be achieved under currently effective contracts. Backlog as of December 31, 2007 and 2006 was approximately $46 million and $13 million respectively.
Employees
At December 31, 2007, we had 95 full-time employees, including 16 in sales, marketing, technical support and customer support; 37 in research, development and engineering; and 42 in finance, administration, information technology and legal. We also had 4 contract workers, primarily utilized to support billing services. The employee breakout was based on the same allocation methodology that was applied to carving out DMRC's financial statements. Our future success will depend, in part, on our ability to continue to attract, retain and motivate highly qualified technical and management personnel, for whom competition is intense. Our employees are not covered by any collective bargaining agreement, and we have never experienced a work stoppage. We believe that our relations with our employees are good.
Properties and Facilities
Our principal administrative, marketing, research, and intellectual property development facility is located in Beaverton, Oregon. Information about our office leases is set forth below.
|
Square Feet |
Expires |
||
---|---|---|---|---|
Beaverton, Oregon | 46,000 | August 2011 |
59
Legal Proceedings
From time to time in our normal course of business we are a party to various legal claims, actions and complaints. Currently, we do not have any pending litigation that we consider material.
60
Executive Officers and Directors
Following the DMRC Corporation merger, we expect that our Board of Directors will be composed of five directors. Set forth below are the names and ages and current positions of persons we expect to serve as our directors and executive officers as of the distribution date.
|
Age |
Position |
||
---|---|---|---|---|
Xxxxx Xxxxx | 56 | Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the Board of Directors | ||
Xxxxxxx X. Xxxxxx | 62 | Director | ||
Xxxxx X. Xxxxxxxxxx | 60 | Director | ||
Xxxxx X. Xxxxx | 74 | Director | ||
Xxxxxxx Xxxxxxx | 51 | Director | ||
Xxxxxx Xxxxxxxx | 55 | Executive Vice President, Chief Legal Officer and Secretary | ||
Xxxxxxx XxXxxxxxx | 58 | Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer |
Xxxxx Xxxxx. Xx. Xxxxx is expected to serve as our Chief Executive Officer and as Chairman of the Board of Directors. Prior to the spin-off, Xx. Xxxxx served as Digimarc's Chief Executive Officer since 2001, and a director since December 1997, as Digimarc's chairman of the Board of Directors since May 2002, and as its President from December 1997 through May 2001. Xx. Xxxxx received a B.S. in accounting and psychology and an M.A. in criminal justice from the State University of New York at Albany, and a X.X. from Columbia University.
Xxxxxxx X. Xxxxxx. Xx. Xxxxxx is expected to serve on our Board of Directors, and prior to the spin-off served on the Board of Directors of Digimarc since 2005. Xx. Xxxxxx is a retired corporate executive with thirty-six years of experience in the high technology and legal sectors, and has, since 1999, served as an independent director and consultant. He serves as a member of the Board of Directors for each of the following companies: Nvidia Corp (Nasdaq: NVDA), a provider of graphics processing units, media and communications processors, wireless media processors, and related software for personal computers, handheld devices, and consumer electronics platforms; Waters Corporation (NYSE: WAT), a manufacturer of analytical instruments; and Overland Storage, Inc. (Nasdaq: OVRL), a supplier of data storage products. Xx. Xxxxxx received a B.A. in speech communication from the University of Minnesota and a X.X. from the University of Minnesota.
Xxxxx X. Xxxxxxxxxx. Xx. Xxxxxxxxxx is expected to serve on our Board of Directors, and prior to the spin-off served on the Board of Directors of Digimarc since 2003. Xx. Xxxxxxxxxx is a director of and consultant to companies in the high-technology sector. Xx. Xxxxxxxxxx serves as chairman of the Board of Directors of FEI Company (Nasdaq: FEIC) and as a director and audit committee chair of Tripwire, Inc., a Portland, Oregon-based network security company. Xx. Xxxxxxxxxx received a B.A. in finance and accounting from Xxxxx and Xxxxx College, an M.B.A. from the University of Portland, and a X.X. from Xxxxx and Xxxxx Law School, and is a licensed C.P.A. and attorney in Oregon.
Xxxxx X. Xxxxx. Xx. Xxxxx is expected to serve on our Board of Directors, and prior to the spin-off served on the Board of Directors of Digimarc since 2000. Xx. Xxxxx is a retired corporate executive and has served as a consultant to various other companies since 2000. Most recently, Xx. Xxxxx served as president of News Technology for News America from January 1998 until his retirement in February 2000, where he coordinated technology throughout News Corporation and served as a technology advisor to its Board of Directors. Xx. Xxxxx received a B.E. and X.Xx. from the University of Sydney, with first class honors.
Xxxxxxx Xxxxxxx. Xx. Xxxxxxx is expected to serve on our Board of Directors, and prior to the spin-off served on the Board of Directors of Digimarc since 2005. Xx. Xxxxxxx is a retired corporate
61
executive with twenty-seven years of experience in the high technology and finance sectors, and has since 2002 served as an independent director and consultant. He currently serves as a director for a number of private and non-profit entities. Xx. Xxxxxxx received a B.S. in business administration, majoring in finance, from California State University Chico, and a masters in business administration from San Xxxx State University.
Xxxxxx Xxxxxxxx Xx. Xxxxxxxx is expected to serve as our Executive Vice President, Chief Legal Officer and Secretary. Xx. Xxxxxxxx joined Digimarc in January 2002, and prior to the spin-off, served as Vice President and General Counsel, Secretary, Vice President of Human Resources, Chief Legal Officer, and Executive Vice President. He also served as Digimarc's Compliance Officer and Privacy Officer. Xx. Xxxxxxxx holds an A.B. cum laude from Wabash College and a X.X. xxxxx cum laude from the Indiana University School of Law.
Xxxxxxx XxXxxxxxx Xx. XxXxxxxxx is expected to serve as our Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer. Xx. XxXxxxxxx joined Digimarc in June of 2004, and prior to the spin-off, served as Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer of Digimarc. Before joining Digimarc, Xx. XxXxxxxxx was senior vice president, chief financial officer and treasurer at WatchGuard Technologies (1999 to 2004). Xx. XxXxxxxxx is a CPA and holds a B.A. from California Polytechnic State University, San Xxxx Obispo.
Determination of Independence
The Board of Directors anticipates that each of Messrs. Xxxxx, Xxxxxxxxxx, Xxxxxx, and Xxxxxxx, collectively representing a majority of the members of our Board of Directors, will be "independent" as that term is defined by Nasdaq Marketplace Rule 4200. There were no related person transactions involving any of the independent directors of DMRC Corporation.
Committees of the Board of Directors
The Board of Directors is expected to have three standing committees: an Audit Committee, a Compensation Committee and a Governance and Nominating Committee. The members of these committees are set forth in the following table:
Non-Employee Directors |
Audit |
Governance and Nominating |
Compensation |
|||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Xxxxxxx X. Xxxxxx | X | Chair | ||||
Xxxxx X. Xxxxxxxxxx | X | X | ||||
Xxxxx X. Xxxxx | Chair | X | ||||
Xxxxxxx Xxxxxxx | Chair | X |
Audit Committee
We expect to have a standing Audit Committee of the Board of Directors, consisting of Messrs. Xxxxxxx (chairman), Xxxxxxxxxx, and Xxxxxx, that is responsible for overseeing the quality and integrity of our accounting, auditing, and financial reporting practices, the audits of our financial statements, and other duties assigned by the Board of Directors. The Audit Committee's role will include a particular focus on the qualitative aspects of financial reporting to stockholders, our processes to manage business and financial risk, and compliance with significant applicable legal, ethical, and regulatory requirements. The Audit Committee will be directly responsible for the appointment, compensation, retention and oversight of the independent registered public accounting firm, including the resolution of any disagreements between management and the independent registered public accounting firm regarding financial reporting, engaged to prepare or issue an audit report on our
62
financial statements or to perform other audit, review or attestation services for us. The Audit Committee is expected to also serves as our Qualified Legal Compliance Committee.
The Board of Directors will adopt a charter for the Audit Committee to authorize powers consistent with the provisions of the Xxxxxxxx-Xxxxx Act of 2002 and other requirements. A copy of this charter will be posted on the DMRC website, which we expect to be xxx.xxxxxxxx.xxx, on the Corporate Governance page. The Board of Directors expects that each of the three members of the Audit Committee will:
- •
- meet
the requirements for "independence" set forth in Nasdaq Marketplace Rules 4200 and 4350(d) and applicable SEC rules; and
- •
- have the requisite financial sophistication called for by Nasdaq Marketplace Rule 4350(d).
The Board of Directors further expects that each of Messrs. Xxxxxxx, Xxxxxxxxxx and Xxxxxx will qualify as an "Audit Committee financial expert" in compliance with Item 407(d)(5) of Regulation S-K.
Governance and Nominating Committee
We expect that the Governance and Nominating Committee will initially consist of Messrs. Xxxxx (chairman) and Whitney. The Board of Directors will delegate to the Governance and Nominating Committee the responsibility for overseeing the quality and integrity of our corporate governance practices and for assessing the size, membership, skills and characteristics necessary and appropriate for members of the Board of Directors and its committees. The Board of Directors will adopt a written charter for the Governance and Nominating Committee, a copy of which will be posted on the DMRC website, which we expect to be xxx.xxxxxxxx.xxx, on the Corporate Governance page. The Board of Directors expects that all members of the Governance and Nominating Committee will be "independent" as that term is defined in Nasdaq Marketplace Rule 4200.
The Governance and Nominating Committee's responsibilities will include the review, monitoring, and general oversight of our policies and procedures involving corporate governance and compliance with significant legal, ethical, and regulatory requirements. This oversight responsibility will include monitoring compliance with the Xxxxxxxx-Xxxxx Act of 2002. The Governance and Nominating Committee will also oversee the structure and evaluation of the Board of Directors and its committees, and the development, monitoring, and enforcement of the corporate governance principles applicable to us.
The Governance and Nominating Committee will be responsible for recruiting individuals to become members of the Board of Directors and evaluating their qualifications under the guidelines described under "Director Nomination Policy" below. The Governance and Nominating Committee will also be responsible for the composition of the Board committees. The Board of Directors may assign the Governance and Nominating Committee additional duties and functions from time to time consistent with its charter, our Bylaws and governing law. Succession planning is one such responsibility that will be assigned to the committee.
Director Nomination Policy. The Governance and Nominating Committee will adopt a formal written policy addressing the nominating process. A copy of this policy will be posted on the DMRC website, which we expect to be xxx.xxxxxxxx.xxx, on the Corporate Governance page, attached as an exhibit to the Governance and Nominating Committee charter located on the Corporate Governance page of the site. Pursuant to its written policy addressing the nominating process, the Governance and Nominating Committee will welcome and encourage recommendations of director candidates from our stockholders, and will consider any director candidates recommended by our stockholders, provided that the information regarding director candidates who are recommended is submitted to the Governance and Nominating Committee in compliance with the terms of its policy. Stockholders will be
63
able to submit director candidate nominations in accordance with the terms of DMRC's bylaws and applicable securities laws.
In evaluating a potential candidate's qualification for nomination to the Board, the Governance and Nominating Committee will consider the potential candidate's experience, areas of expertise, and other factors relative to the overall composition of the Board of Directors. The Governance and Nominating Committee will also review from time to time the skills and characteristics necessary and appropriate for directors in the context of the current composition of the Board of Directors. Directors will be expected to devote sufficient time to carry out their duties and responsibilities effectively, ensure that other existing and planned future commitments do not materially interfere with his/her service as a director, and attend at least 75% of all Board of Directors and applicable committee meetings.
The Governance and Nominating Committee's process for identifying and evaluating nominees for director, including nominees recommended by stockholders, is expected to involve compiling names of potentially eligible candidates, vetting those candidates against the factors described above, conducting background and reference checks, conducting interviews with candidates, meeting to consider and approve final candidates and, as appropriate, preparing and presenting to the Board of Directors an analysis with regard to a candidate. It is expected that there will be no differences in the manner in which the Governance and Nominating Committee evaluates nominees for director based on whether the nominee is recommended by a stockholder or by the Governance and Nominating Committee. The committee will have the authority to, from time to time, pay professional search firms to assist in the identification and evaluation of potential nominees.
Stockholder Communications with the Board of Directors
The Board of Directors encourages communication from stockholders. All communications must be in written form, addressed to the Board of Directors or to one or more individual members of the Board of Directors, and sent care of the Secretary of DMRC at the address of our principal executive offices or via fax to (000) 000-0000. The Secretary of DMRC will promptly provide all communications to the applicable member(s) of the Board of Directors or the entire Board of Directors, as specified by the stockholder.
Director Resignation Upon Change of Employment
The Board of Directors is expected to approve a policy that will provide any director who experiences a substantial change in principal employment responsibility that may adversely affect his or her ability to carry out his or her responsibilities as a director effectively to tender his or her resignation from the Board, unless the change was anticipated by the Governance and Nominating Committee at the time of the director's nomination or election to the Board. In accordance with the terms of the anticipated policy, upon receipt of a resignation offered under these circumstances, the Governance and Nominating Committee will review the director's change in employment responsibilities to evaluate whether the director's continued service is appropriate.
Compensation Committee
We expect that the Compensation Committee will consist of Messrs. Xxxxxx (chairman), Xxxxx and Xxxxxxxxxx and will have the authority and responsibility to:
- •
- approve
our overall compensation strategy;
- •
- review,
establish and approve executive compensation;
- •
- administer our annual and long-term compensation plans;
64
- •
- review
and make recommendations to the Board of Directors with respect to director compensation; and
- •
- perform other duties and functions assigned by the Board of Directors from time to time that are consistent with the Compensation Committee's charter, our Bylaws and governing law.
The Compensation Committee's role will include a particular focus on the compensation of our executive officers and non-employee directors and the administration of our stock incentive plans and significant employee benefit programs.
The Compensation Committee will adopt a written charter, a copy of which will be available on the DMRC website, which we expect to be xxx.xxxxxxxx.xxx, on the Corporate Governance page. The Board of Directors expects that all members of the Compensation Committee will be:
- •
- "independent"
as that term is defined in Nasdaq Marketplace Rule 4200,
- •
- "non-employee
directors" as that term is defined under Rule 16b-3 promulgated under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and
- •
- "outside directors" as defined under Section 162(m) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended.
The Compensation Committee will be permitted, under its charter, to delegate responsibilities to subcommittees of the Committee as necessary and appropriate.
We expect that the Compensation Committee, together with our Chief Executive Officer, will review assessments of executive compensation practices at least annually against comparative data and our compensation philosophy. Our Chief Executive Officer will make recommendations to the Compensation Committee with the intent of keeping our executive officer compensation practices aligned with our compensation philosophy, and the Compensation Committee will be required to approve any recommended changes before they can be made.
The Compensation Committee will have the authority to retain and terminate any compensation and benefits consultant and the authority to approve the related fees and other retention terms of the consultant.
Code of Business Conduct and Ethics
Our Code of Business Conduct will be posted on the Corporate Governance page of our website, which we expect to be xxx.xxxxxxxx.xxx. The Code of Business Conduct will apply to all employees of DMRC and its subsidiaries, as well as to directors, temporary contractors, and other independent contractors or consultants when engaged by or otherwise representing us or our interests, and sets forth internal policies and guidelines designed to support and encourage ethical conduct and compliance with the laws, rules and regulations that govern our business operations.
Compensation Committee Interlocks and Insider Participation
No executive officer of DMRC served as a member of the compensation committee (or other board committee performing equivalent functions or, in the absence of any committee performing equivalent functions, the entire Board of Directors) of another entity, or as a director of another entity, where one of the other entity's executive officers served on the Compensation Committee of DMRC or as a director of DMRC.
65
The following table provides information on compensation that our expected non-employee directors received from Digimarc for the year ended December 31, 2007. Directors who were also Digimarc employees received no additional compensation for their services as directors. During 2007, Xx. Xxxxx was the only director who was an employee of Digimarc. Xx. Xxxxx'x compensation is discussed in this information statement under the heading "Executive Compensation."
The size and scope of DMRC's operations, based on its configuration and business after its separation from Digimarc, will be significantly smaller than those of Digimarc. Consequently, there will be fewer outside directors (four instead of eight) and compensation will be decreased to be commensurate with that paid at comparable companies, defined as companies of similar size within the high tech and software services industries that share similar financial characteristics to DMRC. Only the directors who will continue with DMRC are listed below, but their compensation for the balance of 2008 and beyond will be reduced materially from that set forth herein.
2007 Director Compensation Table
Name |
Fees Earned or Paid in Cash ($) |
Stock Awards ($)(1) |
Option Awards ($)(2) |
Total ($) |
||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Xxxxx X. Xxxxx | $ | 37,500 | $ | 25,496 | $ | 26,986 | $ | 89,982 | ||||
Xxxxx X. Xxxxxxxxxx | $ | 70,000 | $ | 25,496 | $ | 26,986 | $ | 122,482 | ||||
Xxxxxxx Xxxxxxx | $ | 50,000 | $ | 25,496 | $ | 39,628 | $ | 115,124 | ||||
Xxxxxxx X. Xxxxxx | $ | 40,000 | $ | 25,496 | $ | 39,628 | $ | 105,124 |
- (1)
- On
May 2, 2007, each director received from Digimarc a grant of 3,000 shares of Digimarc restricted stock with a grant date fair value of $29,640. The amounts disclosed above
reflect the expense taken by Digimarc in 2007 for stock granted to the indicated director in 2007 and previous years. This grant was Digimarc's second grant of restricted stock to its directors, and
the total number of shares of restricted stock held by each director as of December 31, 2007 was a total of 5,400 shares of restricted stock. A summary of the assumptions Digimarc applies in
calculating these amounts is set forth in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in Digimarc's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31,
2007 on page F-17 under the caption "Restricted Stock and Performance Vesting Shares." The same 3,000 share grant was made by Digimarc on May 1, 2008 with a fair value on the
grant date of $33,240.
- (2)
- These amounts represent the amount of expense Digimarc took in 2007 for stock options granted to the indicated director in 2007 and previous years. On May 2, 2007, each director was granted an option to purchase 6,000 shares of Digimarc common stock with a grant date fair value of $28,609. A summary of the assumptions Digimarc applies in calculating these amounts is set forth in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in Digimarc's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2007 on pages F-15 to F-16 under the caption "Stock Options." As of December 31, 2007, the total number of outstanding options held by each director was as follows: Xx. Xxxxx, 100,000; Xx. Xxxxxxxxxx, 62,000; Xx. Xxxxxxx, 32,000; and Xx. Xxxxxx, 32,000.
All directors were also reimbursed for reasonable and necessary travel, communications, and other out-of-pocket business expenses incurred in connection with their attendance at meetings, while on corporate business or for continuing education related to their board service.
Cash Compensation. In 2007, each non-employee director of Digimarc received an annual cash retainer of $30,000. The Lead Director received an additional annual cash retainer of $30,000. Members of the Digimarc audit committee received an annual cash retainer of $10,000, with the chair of the audit committee receiving an annual cash retainer of $20,000. Members of the Digimarc
66
compensation committee received an annual cash retainer of $5,000, with the chair of the Digimarc compensation committee receiving an annual cash retainer of $10,000. Members of other standing committees of the Digimarc board of directors received an additional annual cash retainer of $3,750 for each committee on which the member served, with the chair receiving an annual cash retainer of $7,500. In addition, each Digimarc committee member received a fee of $1,000 for each in-person committee meeting and would have received a fee of $500 for each teleconference committee meeting in excess of eight meetings of the particular committee held in 2007. No fees for excess meetings were paid during 2007.
Equity Compensation. Digimarc's 1999 Non-Employee Director Option Program establishes an automatic option grant program for the grant of awards to its non-employee directors. Under this program, each non-employee director who first was elected to Digimarc's board of directors on or after March 29, 2002 is automatically granted an option to acquire 20,000 shares of common stock at an exercise price per share equal to the fair market value of the common stock at the date of grant. These options vest and become exercisable in 36 equal installments on each monthly anniversary of the grant date, so the stock option become fully exercisable three years after the grant date. No new directors were elected to Digimrc's board of directors in 2007. On the date of each annual stockholders meeting, each non-employee director who has been a member of Digimarc's board of directors for at least six months prior to the date of the stockholders meeting automatically receives an option to acquire 6,000 shares of Digimarc common stock at an exercise price per share equal to the fair market value of the common stock at the date of grant, and an automatic grant of 3,000 shares of Digimarc restricted stock. The options vest and become exercisable in twelve equal installments on each monthly anniversary of the grant date, so the stock options become fully exercisable one year after the grant date. The restricted stock awards are subject to a forfeiture restriction that lapses as to 100% of the shares subject to the award one year after the grant date. Messrs. Xxxxx, Xxxxxxxxxx, Xxxxxx and Xxxxxxx all received grants of options and restricted stock from Digimarc in 2007.
In addition, Digimarc's 1999 Non-Employee Director Option Program provides that, immediately following each annual meeting of its stockholders, each non-employee director who serves as a member of a standing committee of the Board and who has been a member of the Board of Directors for at least six months prior to the date of the stockholders meeting receives an option to acquire 3,000 shares of common stock at an exercise price per share equal to the fair market value of the common stock at the date of grant. These options vest and become exercisable in twelve equal installments on each monthly anniversary of the grant date, so the stock option is fully exercisable one year after the grant date.
The Digimarc board of directors has discretion to elect not to make the annual option and restricted stock grants to continuing board members and standing committee members. Since 2004, the Digimarc board of directors has elected not to make the annual 3,000 share option grant to directors for service on one or more standing committees. The shares for committee service are a vestige of the former program under which Digimarc directors received only equity compensation, rather than a combination of cash and equity compensation, which is the case now. The Digimarc board of directors determined that the value of the options and restricted stock grants provided sufficient equity compensation for their service as directors of Digimarc.
New Compensation Proposal for DMRC Directors
The following is a summary of the anticipated cash compensation program for our non-employee members of the DMRC board of directors:
Annual Cash Retainer | $ | 40,000 | |
Initial Restricted Stock Grant (New/Initial Director) | $ | 40,000 | |
Annual Restricted Stock Grant (Continuing Director) | $ | 40,000 |
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COMPENSATION DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS
This Compensation Discussion and Analysis describes the compensation policy we expect to apply to our named executive officers with respect to fiscal 2008.
General Compensation Policy
Our executive compensation programs are designed to attract, retain, motivate and appropriately reward our executive officers, as well as to align the interests of executive officers with those of our stockholders. The objectives of our compensation programs are to:
- •
- provide
competitive compensation opportunities that attract and retain top executives;
- •
- inspire
the executive team to achieve superior performance in order to deliver profitable growth;
- •
- xxxxxx
a performance-oriented environment with variable compensation based upon the achievement of annual and longer-term business results;
- •
- create
a direct, meaningful link between (1) performance in achieving our financial and strategic objectives and (2) individual executive performance and
rewards;
- •
- provide
an award that is consistent with each position's overall contribution to DMRC Corporation, and to encourage and recognize career growth and progression; and
- •
- reward stockholder value creation and align the interests of executives and stockholders through the use of long-term incentives, while effectively managing dilution.
Setting Executive Compensation
Executive compensation is structured to xxxxxx achievement of the objectives of our compensation philosophy and is generally commensurate with compensation structures and levels at companies of similar size within the high tech and software services industries that share similar financial and operating characteristics.
In general, compensation to Named Executive Officers is based upon the scope of their responsibilities, experience, skills, talents, demonstrated prior performance, and potential contributions to our success. In making these determinations, the Compensation Committee has considered compensation practices at comparable companies, among other data points, to judge the reasonableness of its decisions. The Committee also has used the services of Mercer, a nationally recognized independent consulting firm, to assist it in determining appropriate compensation. Mercer performed analyses and made recommendations with respect to compensation for each Named Executive Officer', including the appropriate number of stock options and other equity awards to be considered.
In establishing the compensation to be provided to our Named Executive Officers, the Compensation Committee considered the factors referred to above, including market data and advice provided by Mercer. As a general guideline, for our Named Executive Officers, we set base cash compensation between the 50th and 75th percentiles, total cash compensation (base plus annual cash incentive ("bonus") compensation) for our Named Executive Officers at or between the 50th and 75th percentiles (with top quartile opportunity for superior performance) and total equity compensation between the 50th and 75th percentiles of similar companies. We believe that these levels will enable us to attract, retain and motivate executives of high quality, while at the same time keep our overall compensation levels in line with those of comparable companies.
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2008 Compensation Components
The primary elements of each Named Executive Officer's compensation package for the year ended December 31, 2008 will be:
- •
- salary;
- •
- annual
cash incentive compensation; and
- •
- long-term incentives in the form of stock options and restricted stock.
The reasons for choosing each of these components are set forth in the discussion below. Because base compensation, annual cash bonuses, and equity awards are such basic elements of compensation within our industry, as well as the high tech and software industries in general, and are generally expected by employees, we believe that these components must be included in our compensation mix in order for us to compete effectively for talented executives. In determining the mix of these components, we applied our compensation philosophy and principles and considered the advice of Mercer concerning compensation levels for executives at comparable companies. Our objective was to establish a mix that would facilitate the following objectives:
- •
- retention;
- •
- alignment
of compensation with the achievement of key performance objectives;
- •
- alignment
with stockholder interests; and
- •
- ownership of our stock by our executive officers.
We use stock options as an element of executive compensation for several reasons. First, stock options facilitate retention of our executives. Stock options will provide a return to the executive only if he or she remains in our employ. Second, stock options align executive compensation with the interests of our stockholders and thereby focus executives on increasing value for the stockholders. Third, stock options are performance based; providing a return to executives only to the extent that the market price of our common stock appreciates over the option term. Fourth, stock options create incentive for increases in stockholder value over a longer term. In determining the number of options to be granted to executives, we take into account the individual's position, scope of responsibility, ability to affect profits and stockholder value, the individual's past and recent performance, and the estimated value of stock options at the time of grant. Assuming individual performance at a level satisfactory to the Compensation Committee, the size of stock option grants to our executives is generally set between the 50th and 75th percentiles for comparable companies, with top quartile opportunity for superior performance.
We use time-based restricted stock to help encourage retention and to minimize the burn rate relating to equity awards. Restricted stock provides some of the same benefits as stock options, such as facilitating (i) alignment of the value of an executive's compensation with our performance, the market value of our common stock and the interests of our stockholders and (ii) retention of the executive as an employee. Both stock options and restricted stock provide a return to the executive only to the extent he or she remains in our employ during the vesting period. In the case of restricted stock, the employee receives actual shares, rather than a right to purchase shares at a fixed price. Once the restricted shares vest, they will generally have some value to the employee, even if the share price has not increased since the grant date. On the other hand, stock options will have no value unless the share price increases following the date of grant. As a result, to the extent the stock price has not increased since the date of grant, restricted stock may provide a greater retention benefit than that of stock options. Accordingly, we believe that a mix of stock options and restricted stock provides a more certain baseline retention benefit.
69
In allocating compensation among the elements identified above, we believe that a substantial portion of the total compensation of our Named Executive Officers, the level of management having the greatest ability to influence our performance, should be performance-based. Accordingly, a substantial portion of the compensation of each Named Executive Officer consisted of incentive cash bonus, stock options, and restricted stock.
In allocating long term incentive compensation among stock options, time-based restricted stock and performance-based restricted stock, our general guideline is to provide approximately 2/3 of the annual long-term incentive value for each Named Executive Officer in the form of stock options, based on the Black-Scholes valuation model. The remaining annual long-term incentive value will be provided in the form of time-based restricted stock. The Committee has determined that stock options align the interests of the executives with the stockholders and therefore a substantial portion of the value of the equity grants was allocated to the executives in the form of stock options, while time-based restricted stock assists in the retention of executives while maintaining alignment with growth in stockholder value.
Salary. The salary for each Named Executive Officer is set on the basis of the position and the salary levels in effect for comparable positions with other comparable companies in the industry. Salaries are generally targeted between the 50th and 75th percentiles, with the opportunity for high-performers and successful incumbents occupying critical positions to have salaries that reflect their seasoning, experience, performance and contributions. During the annual review, the Committee determined that the targeted annual compensation was competitive with the pay targets established by the Compensation Committee.
The 2008 base salaries proposed for our Named Executive Officers are as follows: Xxxxx Xxxxx, $ ,000; Xxxxxx Xxxxxxxx, $ ,000; and Xxxxxxx XxXxxxxxx, $ ,000.
Annual Cash Incentive Compensation. The Compensation Committee has established an incentive compensation program for Named Executive Officers. Under this program, our executive officers receive annual cash bonuses based upon the achievement of specified performance objectives. These executives are responsible for establishing strategic direction and are to be responsible for major functional or operating units and have an impact on bottom-line results. Accordingly, evaluation of performance of objectives is generally based on measure of Company performance as well as individual performance. Compensation objectives are explicitly linked to goals and objectives set forth in our Annual Operating Plan, as approved by the Board of Directors.
The target bonus amounts and the specific company and individual objectives applicable to the cash bonuses paid to our Named Executive Officers will be set annually, with a stub-year plan for the rest of 2008. With respect to each Named Executive Officer, as a general guideline, 20 - 40% of the annual incentive bonus will be based on the achievement of individual performance goals and 60 - 80% will be based on key measures of financial performance.
The 2008 target bonus amount for Xx. Xxxxx will be set at 75% of his base salary (or $ ,000). The target bonus amounts for our other Named Executive Officers were set at 50% of their base salaries (or $ ,000). The committee determined that these percentages were competitive within the marketplace and consistent with its overall compensation philosophy of targeting total cash compensation between the 50th and 75th percentiles. A larger portion of Xx. Xxxxx' cash compensation is performance based because we believe that Xx. Xxxxx, as our Chief Executive Officer, has a greater impact on our results than our other executive officers.
The individual performance goals will vary with each executive and are to be set in January as part of the strategic performance management process. If fully performed, they could be 20 - 40% of an executive's annual bonus. The Compensation Committee will determine the achievement of the individual key objectives, from 0% to 100%, in a year-end evaluation based on relevant qualitative and
70
quantitative measures and information provided by the Chief Executive Officer. For the balance of 2008, the non-financial goals consist of the following objectives:
- •
- for
Xx. Xxxxx, these targets will consist of successfully launching the new company and working with certain strategic advisors to review non-organic
growth opportunities;
- •
- for
Xx. Xxxxxxxx, these targets will consist of assisting in the successful launch of the new company, managing legal, licensing, sales, and human resources
functions, and assisting employees in assuming revised responsibilities and achieving a prescribed level of training and development, including developing and implementing a leadership training and
enhancement program; and
- •
- for Xx. XxXxxxxxx, these targets will consist of assisting in the successful launch of the new company, providing timely financial analysis to management, maintaining effective internal controls over financial reporting, and performing timely and accurate monthly and quarterly closes.
While these goals may vary in difficulty, they are the goals determined to be of the highest importance to us, will require significant effort to accomplish, contribute to the achievement of the annual operating plan, and will result in direct benefit to our stockholders.
Equity Compensation. The Compensation Committee intends to award stock options and restricted stock to each of our executive officers upon their initial hiring and from time to time thereafter. These forms of equity compensation are designed to align the interests of our executive officers with those of our stockholders and to provide each executive officer with a significant incentive to manage us from the perspective of an owner with an equity stake in the business.
The size of the grants made to each executive officer is set at a level that the Compensation Committee deems appropriate to create a meaningful opportunity for stock ownership based upon the individual's current position with us and individual and company performance. The Compensation Committee also takes into account comparable awards to individuals in similar positions in the industry as reflected in external surveys, the individual's potential for future responsibility and promotion, the individual's performance in recent periods, and our anticipated stock option burn rate. The relative weight given to each of these factors will vary from individual to individual in the Compensation Committee's discretion.
With the exception of significant promotions and initial hires, including the awards at the time of the spinoff, we will make these awards at the first meeting of the Compensation Committee each calendar year following approval of the Annual Operating Plan by the Board. This process enables us to align compensation with the AOP and to properly budget for associated costs.
The Compensation Committee intends to award stock options and restricted stock to each executive officer. The size of the grants will be set at a level that the Compensation Committee deems appropriate to create a meaningful opportunity for stock ownership based upon the individual's anticipated position with us. In making these awards, the Committee will look at competitive long term incentive values, and attempt to grant equity compensation to our executives with a value to the executives between the 50th and 75th percentiles of our peer group for their position. The Committee will allocate approximately 2/3 of that value to stock options and the remainder to time-based restricted stock.
71
Benefits and Perquisites. Benefits are established based upon an assessment of competitive market factors and a determination of what is needed to attract and retain talent. The primary benefits received by our Named Executive Officers are the same as for all other employees and include participation in our health, dental and vision plans, the employee stock purchase plan and our disability and life insurance plans. Our general policy is not to provide perquisites or other personal benefits to our Named Executive Officers, other than those benefits provided for all other employees.
Compliance with Internal Revenue Code Section 162(m)
Section 162(m) of the Code generally disallows a tax deduction to public companies for compensation exceeding $1 million paid to certain executive officers. The limitation applies only to compensation that is not considered to be performance-based. We believe that the non-performance-based compensation paid to each of our executive officers in 2008 will not exceed the $1 million limit and, therefore, no deductions will be disallowed under Section 162(m).
The Compensation Committee is aware of the limitations imposed by Section 162(m), and its exemptions, and will address the issue of deductibility when and if circumstances warrant. We review proposed compensation plans in light of applicable tax deductions, and generally seek to maximize the deductibility for tax purposes of all elements of compensation. However, we may approve compensation that does not qualify for deductibility if and when we deem it to be in our best interests.
Practices Regarding Equity Grants
As a general matter, except for new hire grants, we will grant awards of stock options and restricted stock (time based and performance based) to our Named Executive Officers at a Compensation Committee meeting held in early January. Pursuant to our written policy and standard operating procedures with respect to the stock grants, the grant date of these awards is the date of approval of the grants. Our executives have no role in selecting the grant date. The exercise price of stock options is always the closing price of the underlying common stock on the grant date. All stock option, restricted stock and performance vesting share awards to executives are promptly reported on Form 4 filings.
Termination and Change in Control Payments
We anticipate entering into new employment agreements with Messrs. Xxxxx, Xxxxxxxx and XxXxxxxxx.
72
The following tables contain information concerning the compensation paid to only the Named Executive Officers of Digimarc who we expect to continue with DMRC for services rendered to Digimarc for the year ended December 31, 2007. All of the information included in these tables reflects compensation earned by the individuals for services performed for Digimarc. All references in the following tables to stock options, restricted stock, restricted stock units, and other stock awards relate to awards granted by Digimarc in regard to Digimarc common stock.
The amounts and forms of compensation reported below do not necessarily reflect the compensation the Named Executive Officers will receive following the spin-off, which could be higher or lower, because historical compensation was determined by Digimarc and future compensation levels will be determined by our compensation committee.
2007 Summary Compensation Table
Name and Principal Position |
Year |
Salary ($) |
Bonus ($)(1) |
Stock Awards ($)(2) |
Option Awards ($)(3) |
All Other Compensation ($)(4) |
Total ($) |
|||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Xxxxx Xxxxx, Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the Board of Directors |
2007 |
$ |
410,000 |
— |
$ |
500,834 |
$ |
255,302 |
$ |
6,750 |
$ |
1,172,886 |
||||||||
Xxxxxxx XxXxxxxxx, Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer |
2007 |
$ |
260,000 |
$ |
— |
$ |
194,120 |
$ |
127,188 |
$ |
6,750 |
$ |
588,058 |
|||||||
Xxxxxx Xxxxxxxx, Chief Legal Officer and Secretary |
2007 |
$ |
250,000 |
— |
$ |
163,290 |
$ |
77,734 |
$ |
6,750 |
$ |
497,774 |
- (1)
- No
bonuses or non-equity incentive plan compensation were paid for 2007, because Digimarc did not achieve profitability.
- (2)
- These
amounts represent the expense taken by Digimarc in 2007 with respect to time based restricted stock and performance based restricted stock granted in 2007 and previous years,
based on the estimated fair value of these awards calculated under FAS 123R. A summary of the assumptions Digimarc applies in calculating these estimates is set forth in the Notes to
Consolidated Financial Statements included in Digimarc's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007 on page F-17 under the
caption "Restricted Stock and Performance Vesting Shares." The awards for which expense is shown in this column include awards described in the Grants of Plan-Based Awards Table and in the
Outstanding Equity Awards at Fiscal Year-End Table.
- (3)
- These
amounts represent the expense taken by Digimarc in 2007 with respect to stock options granted in 2007 and previous years, based on the estimated fair value of these awards.
Digimarc estimates the fair value of stock options under FAS 123R using the Black-Scholes option valuation model. A summary of the assumptions Digimarc applies in calculating these amounts is
set forth in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in Digimarc's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007 on
pages F-15 to F-16, under the caption "Stock Options". The awards for which expense is shown in this column include awards described in the Grants of
Plan-Based Awards Table and in the Outstanding Equity Awards at Fiscal Year-End Table.
- (4)
- These amounts consist of matching contributions to the Digimarc 401(k) plan made by Digimarc in 2008 for the 2007 fiscal year. These contributions are made at the same rate as for all other Digimarc employees who elect to participate in the plan.
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2007 Grants of Plan-Based Awards Table
The following table sets forth certain information with respect to stock options and other plan-based awards granted by Digimarc with respect to Digimarc common stock during the year ended December 31, 2007 to each of the Named Executive Officers. Immediately prior to the record date for the distribution, outstanding Digimarc equity incentive awards will be adjusted as described in "Executive Compensation—Treatment of Outstanding Equity Awards in Connection with the Spin-Off."
|
|
Estimated Future Payouts Under Non-Equity Incentive Plan Awards |
Estimated Future Payouts Under Equity Incentive Plan Awards |
|
|
|
|
||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Name |
Grant Date |
Threshold ($) |
Target ($) |
Maximum ($) |
Threshold (#) |
Target (#) |
Maximum (#) |
All Other Stock Awards: Number of Shares of Stock or Units (#) |
All Other Option Awards: Number of Securities Underlying Options (#) |
Exercise or Base Price of Option Awards ($/Sh) |
Grant Date Fair Value of Stock and Option Awards ($) |
||||||||||||||
Xxxxx Xxxxx | 1/2/07 1/2/07 1/2/07 |
0 | $ | 328,000 | — | 0 |
30,000 |
30,000 |
30,000 |
100,000 |
$ |
8.79 |
$ $ $ |
424,210 263,700 192,264 |
|||||||||||
Xxxxxxx XxXxxxxxx |
1/2/07 1/2/07 1/2/07 |
0 |
$ |
143,500 |
— |
0 |
10,000 |
10,000 |
10,000 |
40,000 |
$ |
8.79 |
$ $ $ |
169,684 87,900 64,088 |
|||||||||||
Xxxxxx Xxxxxxxx |
1/2/07 1/2/07 1/2/07 |
0 |
$ |
137,500 |
— |
0 |
7,500 |
7,500 |
7,500 |
30,000 |
$ |
8.79 |
$ $ $ |
127,263 65,925 48,066 |
Narrative to Summary Compensation Table and Grants of Plan-Based Awards Table
Estimated Future Payouts Under Non-Equity Incentive Plan Awards. The "target" amounts represent the 2007 annual bonus target establsihed by Digimarc for each Named Executive Officer.
Estimated Future Payouts Under Equity Incentive Plan Awards. These amounts represent the number of shares covered by performance based restricted stock awards granted by Digimarc on January 2, 2007. The grant date fair value of this award was determined by Digimarc using a Monte Carlo valuation model that resulted in a substantial discount to the fair market value of Digimarc's common stock on the date of grant, based on the probability weighting of the specified performance goal.
All Other Stock Awards. These amounts represent the number of shares covered by time-based restricted stock awards granted by Digimarc on January 2, 2007. The grant date fair value of this award was based on $8.79 per share (which was the closing price of Digimarc common stock on December 29, 2006), the most recent closing price of Digimarc's common stock.
All Other Option Awards. These amounts represent the number of shares covered by stock options granted by Digimarc on January 2, 2007. These options have an exercise price of $8.79 per share (which was the closing price of Digimarc common stock on December 29, 2006, the most recent closing price of Digimarc's common stock). The grant date fair value was determined by Digimarc using the Black-Scholes valuation model.
Employment Agreement with Xx. Xxxxx
Digimarc has entered into an employment agreement with Xxxxx Xxxxx, pursuant to which Digimarc agreed to pay Xx. Xxxxx an initial base salary of not less than $300,000 per year and an annual performance bonus of up to 50% of his base salary per year. Consistent with its charter, the
74
Digimarc compensation committee annually reviews and determines the compensation of the Chief Executive Officer and other executive officers. The Digimarc compensation committee is not restricted from setting base and bonus amounts at a higher level than as provided in Xx. Xxxxx'x employment agreement. Since the date of the employment agreement, Digimarc's compensation arrangement with Xx. Xxxxx has evolved and, over time, the Digimarc compensation committee has determined to increase the amount of base compensation and the percentage amount of Xx. Xxxxx'x target bonus. The Digimarc compensation committee determined in 2005 to set the base and annual performance bonus for Xx. Xxxxx in amounts higher than those set forth in his employment agreement, as noted above in the 2007 Summary Compensation Table.
Xx. Xxxxx also receives vacation and other benefits as are generally provided to other Digimarc executives. Digimarc will grant additional stock options to Xx. Xxxxx consistent with general market practices for similarly situated executives. The employment agreement provides that as long as Xx. Xxxxx serves as Digimarc's Chief Executive Officer, it is our intention that he will be nominated to serve as a director and as chairman of Digimarc's Board of Directors. The employment agreement provides for an initial term from July 16, 2001 to December 31, 2002, automatically renewing for successive two-year periods unless terminated by written notice received at least one year prior to any scheduled termination.
Other than the agreement with Xx. Xxxxx referenced above, there are no employment contracts between Named Executive Officers and Digimarc. However, as described more fully under "Potential Post-Employment Payments" below, on January 2, 2007, the Digimarc compensation committee approved a more limited Change of Control Retention Agreement between Digimarc and each of Messrs. XxXxxxxxx and Xxxxxxxx. All obligations under the Change of Control Retention Agreements will be assumed by DMRC Corporation following the spin-off and DMRC Corporation merger.
Annual Cash Incentive Compensation
Digimarc did not pay annual cash incentive bonuses for 2007 performance.
Under Xxxxxxxx's incentive compensation program for executive officers, non-equity incentive plan awards are not capped at the target level. The Digimarc plan allows for bonuses to be paid up to 130% of the target if Digimarc's performance exceeds the Digimarc plan.
Equity Compensation
The awards included in the 2007 Summary Compensation table include awards that are also described in the 2007 Grants of Plan-Based Awards table and in the 2007 Outstanding Equity Awards at Fiscal Year-End table.
Stock Options. All options granted to the Named Executive Officers in 2007 are intended to be incentive stock options, but only to the extent that the aggregate fair market value of the common stock with respect to which the stock options are exercisable for the first time during any calendar year under all Digimarc's equity incentive plans for each executive does not exceed $100,000. Any excess over $100,000 is treated as a non-qualified stock option. Each grant allows the executive officer to acquire shares of Digimarc's common stock at a fixed price per share, which is the market price on the grant date over a specified period of time up to 10 years. Such options become exercisable in monthly installments over a four-year period, contingent upon the executive officer's continued employment with Digimarc.
Time Based Restricted Stock. Each grant of Digimarc time-based restricted stock granted to the Named Executive Officers in 2007 allows the executive officer to acquire shares of Digimarc common stock at no cost immediately at the time of the grant, subject to divestiture over a specified period of time (in this instance, four years). At the end of each of the first four years following the grant date, the restrictions will lapse on 25 percent of the restricted shares subject to each of these grants, at which time such shares are no longer subject to forfeiture.
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Performance Based Restricted Stock. The form of agreement used in connection with the grant of Digimarc performance based restricted stock to its executive officers in 2007 provides that the shares will fully vest, subject to the terms of the agreement, if the Total Stockholder Return (as defined below) for certain specified periods is equal to or greater than specified percentile targets as compared to the weighted peer group used by Digimarc's compensation committee for the purposes of determining executive compensation for 2007. If, for the period from the date of grant to December 31, 2009, Digimarc's Total Stockholder Return is equal to or greater than the 60th percentile performance of the weighted peer group, then the shares will vest in full as of December 31, 2009. However, if, for the period from the date of grant to December 31, 2008, Digimarc's Total Stockholder Return is equal to or greater than the 75th percentile performance of the weighted peer group, then the shares will vest in full as of December 31, 2008. Assuming that all conditions are satisfied, the shares will vest and no longer be subject to forfeiture as of the date on which the performance condition is satisfied. Subject to certain exceptions, all rights to shares of performance based restricted stock are contingent on the executive remaining continuously employed by Digimarc, or any parent or subsidiary of Digimarc, from the grant date through the vesting date. The shares will be automatically forfeited on the third anniversary of the date of grant if the performance condition has not been fully satisfied by such time.
Digimarc calculates Total Stockholder Return by dividing (i) the change in the share price from December 31, 2006 to the end of the relevant measurement period, plus dividends paid during such period (including stock splits, cash dividends, stock dividends and share repurchases) by (ii) the share price at the date of grant. For purposes of the above calculation, the share price is the closing price on the relevant measurement date. Because the stock markets were closed on January 1, 2007 (the beginning of the measurement periods), Digimarc used the closing price on Friday, December 29, 2006, which was the last preceding trading date for which a closing price was reported. Accordingly, the share price of Digimarc common stock on January 1, 2007 is deemed to be $8.79, the closing price of Digimarc common stock on December 29, 2006.
For purposes of determining whether Digimarc has met the performance conditions, the Total Stockholder Return of each of the peer companies in Group I is weighted by a factor of three and the Total Stockholder Return of each of the peer companies in Group II is given no additional weighting. Digimarc's compensation committee determines the precise formula to be used to calculate Digimarc's percentile ranking calculation. Digimarc's compensation committee also makes additional adjustments to the calculation of Total Stockholder Return and percentile ranking as it deems appropriate to reflect changes in Digimarc's outstanding shares or any of the companies that comprise the peer group, or other similar non-market factors that may affect share price. The Digimarc compensation committee chose the Total Stockholder Return of Digimarc relative to its peer group as the performance measure in order to closely align a portion of compensation with direct benefit to stockholders. Since Digimarc based a portion of short term incentive compensation (annual incentive cash bonus) on target levels of return on equity, Digimarc felt it appropriate to use share price as the performance measure for performance based restricted stock. Digimarc utilized an "all or nothing" approach in structuring the performance measure in order to provide the maximum incentive to reach the specified goal. Digimarc may consider revising the "all or nothing" approach in future years to more closely reflect other comparable programs in the peer group.
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2007 Outstanding Equity Awards at Fiscal Year-End Table
The following table provides summary information, as to the Named Executive Officers, concerning Digimarc equity awards outstanding as of December 31, 2007. Immediately prior to the record date for the distribution, outstanding Digimarc equity incentive awards will be adjusted as described in "Executive Compensation—Treatment of Outstanding Equity Awards in Connection with the Spin-Off."
|
Option Awards(1) |
Stock Awards |
|||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Equity Incentive Plan Awards: Market or Payout Value of Unearned Shares, Units or Other Rights That Have Not Vested ($)(5) |
||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Equity Incentive Plan Awards: Number of Unearned Shares, Units or Other Rights That Have Not Vested (#)(4) |
|||||||||||||
|
|
Number of Securities Underlying Unexercised Options (#) |
Number of Securities Underlying Unexercised Options (#) |
|
|
|
Market Value of Shares or Units of Stock That Have Not Vested ($)(3) |
||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
Number of Shares or Units of Stock That Have Not Vested (#)(2) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
|
Option Exercise Price ($) |
|
||||||||||||||||||
Name |
Grant Date |
Option Expiration Date |
|||||||||||||||||||
Exercisable |
Unexercisable |
||||||||||||||||||||
Xxxxx Xxxxx | 01/31/00 07/17/00 12/21/00 12/18/01 06/25/02 12/12/02 01/02/04 01/05/05 01/03/06 01/02/07 |
100,000 200,000 250,000 150,000 50,000 200,000 110,000 25,000 89,569 22,917 |
90,431 77,083 |
$ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ |
53.9375 26.25 14.125 18.16 8.67 15.24 13.00 9.07 5.91 8.79 |
01/31/10 07/17/10 12/21/10 12/18/11 06/25/12 12/12/12 01/02/14 01/05/15 01/03/16 01/02/17 |
85,250 | $ | 751,905 | 65,000 | $ | 573,300 | |||||||||
Xxxxxxx XxXxxxxxx | 06/01/04 01/05/05 01/03/06 01/02/07 |
200,000 10,000 32,344 9,167 |
32,656 30,833 |
$ $ $ $ |
11.53 9.07 5.91 8.79 |
06/01/14 01/05/15 01/03/16 01/02/17 |
33,000 | $ | 291,060 | 25,000 | $ | 220,500 | |||||||||
Xxxxxx Xxxxxxxx | 01/02/02 12/12/02 01/02/04 01/05/05 01/03/06 01/02/07 |
100,000 28,000 30,000 10,000 24,880 6,875 |
25,120 23,125 |
$ $ $ $ $ $ |
19.93 15.24 13.00 9.07 5.91 8.79 |
01/02/12 12/12/12 01/02/14 01/05/15 01/03/16 01/02/17 |
26,750 | $ | 235,935 | 17,500 | $ | 154,350 |
- (1)
- Option
awards vest monthly over a four-year period following the date of grant contingent upon the executive officer's continued employment with Digimarc.
- (2)
- The
awards in this column consist of shares of time based restricted stock granted in 2007 and prior years. These shares will vest annually over a four-year period
following the date of grant contingent upon the executive officer's continued employment with Digimarc.
- (3)
- Based
on the $8.82 per share closing price of Digimarc's common stock on December 31, 2007 (which was the last trading day of the 2007 fiscal year).
- (4)
- The awards in this column consist of shares of performance based restricted stock granted in 2007 and prior years. The 2007 shares will fully vest, subject to the terms of the agreement, if the Total Stockholder Return for certain specified periods is equal to or greater than specified percentile targets as compared to the weighted peer group used by Digimarc's Compensation Committee for the purposes of determining executive compensation for 2007. If, for the period from the date of grant to December 31, 2009, Digimarc's Total Stockholder Return is equal to or greater than the 60th percentile performance of the weighted peer group, then the shares shall vest in full as of December 31, 2009. However, if, for the period from the date of grant
77
to December 31, 2008, Digimarc's Total Stockholder Return is equal to or greater than the 75th percentile performance of the weighted peer group, then the shares will vest in full as of December 31, 2008. The shares will be automatically forfeited on the third anniversary of the date of grant if the performance condition has not been fully satisfied by such time.
- (5)
- Based on the $8.82 per share closing price of Digimarc's common stock on December 31, 2007 (which was the last trading day of the 2007 fiscal year).
The awards in the Outstanding Awards at Fiscal Year-End table include awards that are also described in the 2007 Summary Compensation Table and in the 2007 Grants of Plan-Based Awards Table.
2007 Option Exercises and Stock Vested Table
The following table provides summary information, as to the Named Executive Officers, concerning Digimarc stock options exercised and Digimarc stock awards vested during 2007.
|
Stock Awards |
||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Name |
Number of Shares Acquired on Vesting (#) |
Value Realized on Vesting ($)(1) |
|||
Xxxxx Xxxxx | 37,750 | $ | 329,455 | ||
Xxxxxxx XxXxxxxxx | 15,500 | $ | 135,210 | ||
Xxxxxx Xxxxxxxx | 14,250 | $ | 124,685 |
- (1)
- Based on the $8.82 per share closing price of Digimarc common stock on December 31, 2007, the last trading day of the 2007 calendar year.
2007 Potential Payments Upon Termination or Change-in-Control
Xxxxx Employment Agreement. The employment agreement entered into between Digimarc and Xx. Xxxxx provides that if Digimarc terminates Xx. Xxxxx'x employment without cause, or if Xx. Xxxxx terminates his employment due to an adverse change in conditions of his employment, Xx. Xxxxx'x stock options will immediately and fully vest and Digimarc will be obligated to continue to pay Xx. Xxxxx the benefits described below for two years from the date of termination. "Cause" is defined as "an action or inaction adverse to Digimarc, including dishonesty, grossly negligent misconduct, willful misconduct, disloyalty, an act of bad faith, neglect of duty or material breach of the employment agreement." "Adverse change" includes any of the following changes, if done without Xx. Xxxxx'x prior written consent: reduction in title or responsibilities, or mandatory relocation more than 35 miles from current place of employment. For a period of two years following the date of termination, Xx. Xxxxx would continue to receive base compensation at the level in effect on the date of termination and annual bonus compensation at the level earned in the most recent fiscal year. These amounts would be paid according to Digimarc's standard payroll schedules from the date of termination, as if Xx. Xxxxx had not been terminated. For a period of two years following the date of termination, Digimarc would also provide for Xx. Xxxxx and his dependents, continued health, disability and other fringe benefits as are generally provided to other executives of Digimarc. In consideration for the provisions in the employment agreement providing for the post-termination payments described above, Xx. Xxxxx has agreed to certain non-competition and non-solicitation obligations in favor of Digimarc.
Stock Option Policy. The Board of Directors of Digimarc adopted a policy, applicable to all of its current and future officers, pursuant to which all shares subject to stock options that have not vested will immediately vest if the following two conditions are met:
- •
- Digimarc merges with another company, which results in a change of control of Digimarc, or Digimarc sells substantially all of its assets to another company; and
78
- •
- the officer's employment is terminated, or constructively terminated, within twelve months thereafter.
Restricted Stock Agreement. Digimarc's compensation committee approved a form of the restricted stock agreement for restricted stock awards (both time based and performance based) granted to officers of Digimarc pursuant to its 1999 Stock Incentive Plan, which provides, among other things, that the shares will vest in full upon the termination of the officer's employment without cause or the officer's resignation for good reason following a change in control of Digimarc. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Digimarc compensation committee has discretionary authority to determine the terms and conditions of any award granted under Digimarc's 1999 Stock Incentive Plan.
Change of Control Retention Agreement. On January 2, 2007, Digimarc's compensation committee approved a form of Change of Control Retention Agreement to be entered into by and between Digimarc and each of Messrs. XxXxxxxxx and Xxxxxxxx. The Change of Control Retention Agreement is effective until December 31, 2009 and provides for certain severance benefits in the event of termination of the executive without cause by Digimarc, or termination by the executive for good reason, within 12 months following a change of control of Digimarc or the sale of certain divisions of Digimarc during the term of the Change of Control Retention Agreement. "Cause" is defined as willful misconduct that is significantly injurious to Digimarc; fraud, dishonesty, embezzlement, misrepresentation or theft of Digimarc; conviction of (or plea of no contest to) a felony or crime involving moral turpitude; breach of any agreement with Digimarc; unauthorized disclosure of Digimarc's proprietary or confidential information or breach of any confidentiality/invention/proprietary information agreement(s) with Digimarc; violation of Digimarc's code of ethics (if applicable), code of business conduct and ethics or any other employment rule, code or policy; continued failure or refusal to follow our lawful instructions after five days has passed following delivery of a written notice identifying the failure or refusal; a court order or a consent decree barring the executive from serving as an officer or director of a public company; or continued failure to meet and sustain an acceptable level of performance of Executive's duties and obligations to Digimarc for thirty days following notice of failure to perform.
"Good reason" is defined as a substantial reduction in duties or responsibilities (with certain exceptions); a material reduction in base salary, benefits or total cash compensation, other than as part of an overall reduction for all employees at the same level; a mandatory transfer to another geographic location more than 35 miles from the prior location of employment, other than normal business travel obligations; the failure of a successor to Digimarc to assume the obligations under the agreement; or Digimarc's failure to comply with its obligations under the agreement.
The severance benefits payable by Digimarc upon such a termination include 12 months' salary, a prorated bonus payment and up to 18 months' premiums necessary to continue the executive's health insurance coverage under Digimarc's health insurance plan and are conditioned upon the executive signing a release of claims. All obligations under the Change of Control Retention Agreements will be assumed by DMRC Corporation following the spin-off and DMRC Corporation merger.
The following table summarizes potential payments to each of the Named Executive Officers upon termination of employment with Digimarc or a change in control of Digimarc. The amounts set forth in the table are based on the assumption that the triggering event occurred on the last business day of Digimarc's last completed fiscal year and that Digimarc's stock price was the closing market price per share on that date. In the case of stock options, the value of the acceleration was determined based on the difference between (i) the exercise price of the shares for which vesting was accelerated and (ii) the $8.82 closing price on December 31, 2007. In the case of restricted stock, the value of the acceleration
79
was determined by multiplying (i) the number of shares for which vesting was accelerated by (ii) the $8.82 per share closing price on December 31, 2007.
Name |
Benefit |
Before Change in Control Termination w/o Cause or for Good Reason |
After Change in Control Termination w/o Cause or for Good Reason |
|||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Xxxxx Xxxxx | Stock Option Vesting Acceleration Restricted Stock Vesting Acceleration Salary Continuation Bonus Continuation Benefits Continuation Total Value |
$ $ $ $ $ $ |
265,467 1,325,205 820,000 0 33,498 2,444,170 |
$ $ $ $ $ $ |
265,467 1,325,205 820,000 0 33,498 2,444,170 |
|||
Xxxxxxx XxXxxxxxx | Stock Option Vesting Acceleration Restricted Stock Vesting Acceleration Salary Continuation Bonus Continuation Benefits Continuation Total Value |
$ $ $ $ $ $ |
0 0 0 0 0 0 |
$ $ $ $ $ $ |
95,954 511,560 260,000 0 17,490 885,004 |
|||
Xxxxxx Xxxxxxxx | Stock Option Vesting Acceleration Restricted Stock Vesting Acceleration Salary Continuation Bonus Continuation Benefits Continuation Total Value |
$ $ $ $ $ $ |
0 0 0 0 0 0 |
$ $ $ $ $ $ |
73,793 390,285 250,000 0 25,123 739,201 |
The salary continuation amounts shown in the table above are based on the Named Executive Officer's base salary, paid by Digimarc, in 2007. Bonus amounts shown in the table represent the cash bonus earned by the Named Executive officer in 2007 under Digimarc's annual incentive bonus cash compensation program.
Treatment of Outstanding Equity Awards in Connection with the Spin-Off
Treatment of Digimarc Stock Options
All outstanding options to purchase shares of Digimarc common stock are fully vested and exercisable. Holders of Digimarc stock options will be given the opportunity to exercise their stock options on or prior to the record date. Following the exercise of the stock options on or prior to the record date, the holders of Digimarc common stock issued upon exercise will be entitled to receive shares of DMRC Corporation common stock in connection with the spin-off and subsequent DMRC Corporation merger and, to the extent the stockholders remain stockholders until the acceptance time or Digimarc/L-1 merger, they will also be entitled to receive the offer price or the merger consideration, in an amount equal to the offer price per share, as the case may be. Subject to the terms and conditions of Digimarc's stock option plans, Digimarc will use its reasonable best efforts to cause all outstanding Digimarc stock options that are not exercised on or prior to the record date to be cancelled as of the spin-off. All Digimarc stock options that are not exercised or cancelled prior to the effective time of the merger will be cancelled and null and void as of the effective time of the merger.
In connection with the termination of Digimarc's 1995 Stock Incentive Plan, Restated 1999 Stock Plan, 2000 Non-Officer Employee Stock Incentive Plan and 1999 Non-Employee Director Option Program, following the Digimarc/L-1 merger, no holder of Digimarc stock options, or any participant or beneficiary of the plans, will have any right to acquire or receive any equity securities of the surviving corporation, any subsidiary of the surviving corporation or any consideration other than as discussed above.
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Treatment of Digimarc Restricted Stock
All outstanding shares of Digimarc restricted stock are fully vested and are entitled to a distribution of shares of DMRC Corporation common stock in connection with the spin-off. The holders of Digimarc restricted stock will be entitled to receive the offer price or merger consideration, in an amount equal to the offer price per share, as the case may be, and shares of DMRC Corporation common stock in connection with the spin-off and subsequent DMRC Corporation merger.
Treatment of Rights under the Digimarc Employee Stock Purchase Plan
Digimarc notified participants in the Digimarc Employee Stock Purchase Plan, which we refer to as the ESPP, that the current offer period will terminate on July 25, 2008. Upon the termination of the ESPP, all accumulated payroll deductions allocated to a participant's account under the ESPP during the current offer period will be returned to the participant as provided by the terms of the ESPP and no shares of Digimarc common stock will be purchased under the plan for the current offering period.
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OUR RELATIONSHIP WITH DIGIMARC CORPORATION AFTER THE SPIN-OFF
Overview
We will enter into a separation agreement with Digimarc, DMRC LLC, and with respect to certain sections, L-1, which contains many of the key provisions related to the spin-off of the Digital Watermarking Business from Digimarc. The transition services agreement referenced in the separation agreement governs certain aspects relating to the spin-off and various interim and ongoing relationships between Digimarc and us following the spin-off and the merger. Because we are, and until completion of the spin-off will be, a wholly owned subsidiary of Digimarc, these agreements are not being negotiated at arms' length and may not reflect terms that would be negotiated between independent parties. The following are summaries of the material provisions of the agreements to be entered into in connection with the spin-off. These summaries do not purport to provide a complete description of the agreements.
Separation Agreement
We will enter into a separation agreement with Digimarc, DMRC LLC, and with respect to certain sections, L-1, which we refer to as the separation agreement, to provide for, upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth in the separation agreement, (1) the transfer of specified assets of Digimarc and its subsidiaries to, and the assumption of specified liabilities of Digimarc and its subsidiaries by, DMRC LLC and its subsidiaries, which we refer to as the restructuring, and (2) the distribution of the interests of DMRC LLC to Digimarc's stockholders, which we refer to as the distribution. We refer to the restructuring together with the distribution as the spin-off. Following the DMRC Corporation merger, DMRC Corporation will succeed to all of the rights, interests, and obligations of DMRC LLC under the separation agreement by operation of law. The following summary of the separation agreement is qualified in its entirety by reference to the complete text of the form of separation agreement, which is incorporated by reference into this document and attached as exhibit 2.1 to the Form 10. We encourage you to read the separation agreement in its entirety for a more complete description of the terms and conditions of the separation agreement.
The Restructuring
On a date prior to the expiration of the offer and prior to the date on which the distribution will be effected, which we refer to as the distribution date, and in connection with the restructuring, DMRC LLC will assume ownership of the following assets of Digimarc, which we refer to as the DMRC assets:
- •
- any
assets used primarily in the operation of the Digital Watermarking Business;
- •
- specified
assets allocated to the Digital Watermarking Business but shared with Digimarc as the owner of the Secure ID Business;
- •
- specified
intellectual property and technology allocated to DMRC LLC;
- •
- specified
equity investments in companies in the watermarking business made by Digimarc;
- •
- right,
title and interest in the real property located at 0000 X.X. Gemini Drive, Beaverton, Oregon 97008 (Digimarc's current headquarters); and
- •
- all cash, cash equivalents, short term investments and restricted cash of Digimarc immediately prior to the distribution date.
Digimarc will retain ownership and possession of all other assets.
82
Also in connection with the restructuring, DMRC LLC will assume the following liabilities, which we refer to as DMRC liabilities:
- •
- whether
arising before, on or after the distribution date:
- •
- any
liabilities primarily relating to the Digital Watermarking Business and the DMRC assets;
- •
- certain
liabilities, each of which are liabilities other than corporate level liabilities that are not primarily related to either the Secure ID Business or the Digital
Watermarking Business, that have been allocated to DMRC LLC;
- •
- all
liabilities, agreements and obligations of DMRC LLC or its subsidiaries under the Digimarc/L-1 merger agreement, the separation agreement, the license
agreement and the transition services agreement, which we collectively refer to as the transaction agreements; and
- •
- any
liabilities relating to, arising out of or resulting from the restructuring and the distribution (except for any tax liabilities arising in connection therewith);
- •
- any
liabilities arising out of or resulting from the operation of any business conducted by DMRC LLC or its subsidiaries at any time after the distribution date;
- •
- any
liabilities arising out of or resulting from any benefit plan or relating to, arising out of or resulting from any contract with any employees who will become employees
of DMRC LLC;
- •
- any
liabilities triggered at the acceptance time or any termination of employment concurrently therewith or thereafter arising under any contracts entered into between
Digimarc (or any of its subsidiaries) and any of Xxxxxx Xxxxxxxx, Xxxxx Xxxxx, Xxxxxxx XxXxxxxxx or Xxxx Xxxxxx and any other employee of Digimarc who becomes employed by DMRC LLC;
- •
- all
liabilities relating to, arising out of or resulting from the termination of (1) any employees who will become employees of DMRC LLC, (2) any employees not
employed by Digimarc or its subsidiaries immediately prior to the acceptance time and (3) all employees of Digimarc or its subsidiaries terminated prior to the acceptance time in connection
with the spin-off;
- •
- all
costs, expenses and fees incurred by or on behalf of Digimarc or DMRC LLC in connection with the transactions contemplated by the Digimarc/L-1 merger
agreement prior to the acceptance time; and
- •
- any liabilities relating to, arising out of or resulting from any indemnification or exculpation claims by any employees who will become employees of DMRC LLC or director or officer of DMRC LLC under any contract, bylaw or other governing document or statutory provision, whether such claim arises prior to, on or after the distribution date; provided that such claim for indemnification or exculpation must relate to, arise out of or result from the acts or omissions of such indemnified person with respect to the Digital Watermarking Business.
Digimarc will remain responsible for all other liabilities.
The Distribution
Subject to the satisfaction or waiver of the conditions to the restructuring described below, the distribution will be effective on the distribution date and, on or as soon as practicable after the distribution date, each holder of record of Digimarc common stock as of the record date selected for the distribution, will receive one unit of DMRC LLC for every three and one-half shares of Digimarc common stock held on the record date for the distribution. The ratio of units of DMRC LLC to be issued for each share of Digimarc common stock is subject to change as a result of market conditions
83
and other factors. Each unit of DMRC LLC will then be converted into one share of DMRC Corporation common stock in connection with the DMRC Corporation merger.
If the Form 10 has not been declared effective immediately prior to the expiration of the offer, and Digimarc and L-1 are reasonably satisfied that no governmental authority with oversight of the trust transfer and the spin-off will object to the trust transfer, Digimarc will effect the trust transfer. If the trust transfer is effected, the trust will distribute shares of DMRC Corporation common stock to Digimarc stockholders upon effectiveness of the Form 10.
Additional Covenants
The separation agreement contains a number of additional agreements between Digimarc and DMRC LLC, including:
- •
- Employee Matters. As of the distribution date, employees who will become employees of DMRC LLC will cease to be
employees of Xxxxxxxx, and any employment records of such employees will be transferred to DMRC LLC. Also effective as of the distribution date, Digimarc will assign and DMRC LLC will assume
Digimarc's 401(k) plan. Employees of the Secure ID Business will continue to participate in Digimarc's 401(k) plan until the effective time of the Digimarc/L-1 merger, at which time such
employees will be allowed to transfer their account balances under Digimarc's 401(k) plan to L-1's 401(k) plan in a direct rollover.
- •
- On,
or as soon as reasonably practicable after the distribution date, Digimarc and DMRC LLC will split each group welfare plan into two separate plans, to be administered by
each of Digimarc and DMRC LLC and available to their respective employees.
- •
- Non-Competition. Except as expressly contemplated by the transaction agreements, during the
five-year period immediately following the distribution date, each of Digimarc and DMRC LLC (and their respective subsidiaries and affiliates) will not, directly or through another person,
in the United States or in any other geographical location in which the other party, its subsidiaries or affiliates is then doing business, own, manage, operate, control, participate in, invest in,
lend money to, acquire or hold any investment in, or otherwise carry on, a business that competes with the Digital Watermarking Business or the Secure ID Business, as applicable.
- •
- Non-Solicitation of Employees. Except as expressly contemplated by the transaction agreements and
subject to specified exceptions, during the five-year period immediately following the distribution date, each of Digimarc and DMRC LLC (and their respective subsidiaries), will not, on
its own behalf or on behalf of any other person, directly or indirectly, hire, engage, solicit or attempt to solicit for hire any person who is then an employee of the other party.
- •
- Non-Solicitation of Others. Except as expressly contemplated by the transaction agreements, during
the five-year period immediately following the distribution date, each of Digimarc and DMRC LLC (and their respective subsidiaries and affiliates), will not, directly or through another
person, in any manner or capacity, (1) solicit or attempt to solicit any person or entity who was a customer of the other party during the 18 months immediately prior to the distribution
date or who becomes a customer of the other party during the term of the transition services agreement for the purposes of selling, marketing or engaging in any activity that competes with the digital
watermarking business or the Secure ID Business, as applicable, or (2) solicit, request, advise or induce any supplier or other business contact of the other party to cancel, curtail or
otherwise adversely change its relationship with the other party.
- •
- Tax Matters. Digimarc will bear all property and ad valorem tax liability and similar recurring taxes with respect to the DMRC assets for periods ending on or prior to the date of the spin-off irrespective of the reporting and payment dates of such taxes. All other property or ad valorem tax obligations and similar recurring taxes on the DMRC assets (including certain delayed
84
- •
- Purchase Price Excess or Shortfall. If, at the closing of the Digimarc/L-1 merger, the aggregate price paid to the holders of Digimarc common stock in the offer and Digimarc/L-1 merger (i) exceeds $310,000,000, then DMRC Corporation will pay to L-1 a cash amount equal to the excess, or (2) is less than $310,000,000, then Digimarc will pay to DMRC Corporation a cash amount equal to the shortfall.
transfer assets) for taxable periods beginning before, and ending after, the date of the spin-off, will be prorated between Digimarc and DMRC LLC as of the date of the spin-off. Digimarc will include in its income tax returns for all taxable periods that include the spin-off, all tax items attributable to DMRC LLC, its assets, and the digital watermarking business through the date of the spin-off. Each of Digimarc and DMRC LLC will cooperate with respect to all tax filings and proceedings. Each of Digimarc and DMRC LLC will treat and report the spin-off and the Digimarc/L-1 merger in a consistent manner. Each of Digimarc and DMRC LLC will be entitled to any refunds in respect of taxes for which it is responsible under the separation agreement.
Mutual Releases; Indemnification
Digimarc and DMRC LLC will mutually release each other from any and all liabilities owing to them or their subsidiaries, whether or not known as of the distribution date, including in connection with the transactions contemplated by the Digimarc/L-1 merger agreement and all other activities to implement the restructuring and the distribution, subject to certain exceptions.
Digimarc and DMRC LLC will indemnify, defend (or, where applicable, pay the defense costs for) and hold harmless each other's indemnitees from, against and in respect of losses, claims, liabilities, damages, costs and expenses relating to:
- •
- the
liabilities retained by such party pursuant to the separation agreement;
- •
- any
and all liabilities (including third party claims) incurred by the other party's indemnitees that relate to, arise out of or result from the failure of such party or its
subsidiary or any other person to pay, perform or otherwise promptly discharge such party's liabilities in accordance with their terms, whether occurring, arising, existing or asserted before, on or
after the distribution date;
- •
- any
breach by such party or its subsidiary of any of the transaction agreements; and
- •
- the failure by such party to perform in connection with any delayed transfer assets and liabilities.
Digimarc will also indemnify DMRC LLC with respect to certain tax matters.
Conditions to the Spin-Off
Pursuant to the separation agreement, the obligations of Digimarc to effect the spin-off will be subject to the fulfillment (or waiver by Digimarc) at or prior to the distribution date of the following conditions:
- •
- Digimarc's
board of directors having approved the spin-off and not having abandoned, deferred or modified the spin-off at any time prior to the
record date selected for the distribution;
- •
- each
of the transaction agreements having been duly executed and delivered by the parties thereto;
- •
- each of the transaction agreements being in full force and effect and the parties thereto having performed or complied with all of their respective covenants, obligations and agreements contained is such agreements and as required to be performed or complied with prior to the distribution date;
85
- •
- all
approvals required in connection with the transactions contemplated by the separation agreement having been received and being in full force and effect;
- •
- the
restructuring having been completed in accordance with the separation agreement;
- •
- all
of the conditions of the offer having been satisfied or waived (other than those conditions to be satisfied on the expiration of the offer, which must be satisfied as of
the distribution date) and the expiration date of the offer being scheduled to occur immediately following the distribution date;
- •
- Digimarc
having established the record date for the distribution and having provided notice to the National Association of Securities Dealers no later than 10 days
prior to the record date for the distribution in compliance with Rule 10b-17 under the Exchange Act; and
- •
- all inter-group indebtedness having been paid in full and all actions in respect of liability novation contemplated under the separation agreement having occurred.
Further Assurances and Additional Covenants
At or prior to the effective time of the Digimarc/L-1 merger (1) DMRC LLC will take such action necessary to change its corporate name to "Digimarc Corporation," (2) Digimarc will take such action necessary to change its corporate name, and (3) Digimarc will take such action necessary to remove the term "Digimarc" from the names of each of its subsidiaries.
Any material showing any affiliation or connection of each of Digimarc or DMRC LLC or any of its respective subsidiaries or affiliates with the other party or any of its respective subsidiaries or affiliates will not be used by such party or its subsidiaries or affiliates after the distribution date, except as required by applicable law or regulations of securities exchanges for filings, reports and other documents required to be filed. On and after the distribution date, neither Digimarc or DMRC LLC, as applicable, nor its subsidiaries, will represent to third parties that any of them is affiliated or connected with the other party or any of its subsidiaries or affiliates. However, in the case of Digimarc and its subsidiaries and affiliates, such restriction is subject to the license agreement.
Termination
The separation agreement may be terminated by Digimarc and the spin-off may be abandoned prior to the distribution date at any time following the termination of the Digimarc/L-1 merger agreement in accordance with its terms. Upon such termination of the separation agreement, no party to the separation agreement (or any of its representatives) will have any liability or further obligation to any other party or third party with respect to the separation agreement, except as provided in the Digimarc/L-1 merger agreement.
License Agreement
L-1 Identity Solutions Operating Company, which we refer to as L-1 Operating Company, and DMRC Corporation will enter into a license agreement, which we refer to as the license agreement, pursuant to which L-1 Operating Company will license certain intellectual property to be owned by it upon the completion of the spin-off to DMRC Corporation and its affiliates, and DMRC Corporation will license certain intellectual property and software to be owned by it upon the completion of the spin-off to L-1 Operating Company and its affiliates, as generally described below. The following summary of the license agreement is qualified in its entirety by reference to the complete text of the form of license agreement, which is incorporated by reference into this document and attached as exhibit 10.2 to the Form 10. We encourage you to read the license agreement in its entirety for a more complete description of the terms and conditions of the license agreement.
86
Pursuant to the license agreement, L-1 Operating Company will grant to DMRC Corporation and its affiliates a license under certain patents for use and exploitation in the field of digital watermarking, media fingerprinting (pattern recognition but not including any biometric identifiers), digital rights management and other media management approaches. DMRC Corporation will grant to L-1 Operating Company and its affiliates an exclusive license under certain patents for use and exploitation in the field of domestic or international driver licenses, passports, national, federal, state or local government identity cards and any other national, federal, state or local government issued credentials, which we refer to as the secure ID field. Such license will be exclusive (subject to certain pre-existing licenses) for five years and non-exclusive thereafter. DMRC Corporation will also grant to L-1 Operating Company and its affiliates an exclusive license to use, modify and exploit certain software and derivative works thereof in the secure ID field and, for a transition period, a license to use certain trademarks in the secure ID field. DMRC Corporation will provide certain training and technical assistance to L-1 Operating Company with respect to the software licensed to L-1 Operating Company to enable L-1 Operating Company to use and market the licensed software.
Transition Services Agreement
Digimarc and DMRC Corporation will enter into a transition services agreement, which we refer to as the transition services agreement, to provide one another with transition services and other assistance substantially consistent with the services provided before completion of the spin-off. The following summary of the transition services agreement is qualified in its entirety by reference to the complete text of the form of transition services agreement, which is incorporated by reference into this document and attached as exhibit 10.1 to the Form 10. We encourage you to read the transition services agreement in its entirety for a more complete description of the terms and conditions of the transition services agreement.
Pursuant to the transition services agreement, Digimarc and DMRC Corporation will provide transition services to one another, including accounting and tax services, information technology services, legal services, human resources services and related services to enable Digimarc to continue its operation of the Secure ID Business and facilitate the effective transition of the Digital Watermarking Business to DMRC Corporation.
The fees for the transition services generally are intended to cover each party's reasonable costs incurred in connection with providing the transition services. The fees to be paid for the transition services will be paid within 30 days after receipt of an invoice from the other party for transition services performed in the immediately preceding calendar month. Additional transition services may be added upon mutual agreement of the parties, and any transition service may be terminated without affecting the provision of any other transition services. The parties will review the transition services on a monthly basis to determine whether each transition service will continue during the following month. Either party may choose to terminate a transition service upon providing 30 days' prior written notice to the other party. Unless sooner terminated in accordance with the terms of the transition services agreement, the transition services agreement will terminate upon completion of all transition services to be provided by the parties under the agreement.
Under the terms of the transition services agreement, except in the case of fraud, neither party will be liable to the other for incidental, punitive or consequential damages with respect to the transition services provided under the transition services agreement. However, each party will be liable and will indemnify the other party for liabilities resulting from the gross negligence, bad faith or willful misconduct of the party, its employees, contractors, agents or representatives in the provision of any transition service.
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Non-Competition Agreements
In connection with the spin-off, certain executive officers of DMRC Corporation will enter into a non-competition agreement with Digimarc and L-1, which we refer to as the non-competition agreement, pursuant to which each executive officer will agree not to compete with the Secure ID Business for a certain period of time following the distribution date. In addition, pursuant to the non-competition agreement, each executive officer will agree not to solicit customers of the Secure ID Business or employees of the Secure ID Business for a certain period of time following the distribution date.
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SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT
As of the date hereof, all of the outstanding shares of our common stock are owned by Digimarc. After the spin-off, Digimarc will own none of our common stock. The following table provides information with respect to the expected beneficial ownership of our common stock by (1) each of our stockholders who we believe will be a beneficial owner of more than 5% of our outstanding common stock, (2) each of our directors, (3) each Named Executive Officer and (4) all of our executive officers and directors as a group.
To the extent that our executive officers and directors own Digimarc common stock at the time of the spin-off, they will participate in the distribution on the same terms as other holders of Digimarc common stock. Immediately prior to the record date for the distribution, outstanding equity incentive awards will be adjusted as described in "Executive Compensation—Treatment of Outstanding Equity Awards in Connection with the Spin-Off."
We based the share amounts on each person's beneficial ownership of Digimarc common stock as of June 27, 2008, unless we indicate some other basis for the share amounts, and assumed a distribution ratio of one share of our common stock for every three and one-half shares of Digimarc common stock. We assumed that we will have outstanding approximately 7,519,303 shares of common stock based upon approximately 26,317,561 million shares of Digimarc common stock outstanding on June 27, 2008, excluding treasury shares and assuming the exercise of 3,808,944 options, which constitutes all of the options outstanding on June 27, 2008, with an exercise price lower than $13.39, the closing price of Digimarc common stock on June 27, 2008.
Except as otherwise noted in the footnotes below, each person or entity identified below has sole voting and investment power with respect to such securities. Unless otherwise stated, the business address of each person listed is c/o Digimarc, 0000 XX Xxxxxx Xxxxx, Xxxxxxxxx, Xxxxxx 00000.
Name and Address of Beneficial Owner |
Number of Shares Beneficially Owned |
Percentage of Shares Beneficially Owned |
|||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
The Xxxxx Estates, Inc.(1) Xxx Xxxxxxxxxxx Xxxxx, 00xx Xxxxx Xxx Xxxx, XX 00000 |
587,445 | 7.81 | % | ||
Koninklijke Philips Electronics N. V.(2) Eindhoven The Netherlands |
552,537 |
7.35 |
% |
||
Dimensional Fund Advisors LP(3) 0000 Xxxxx Xxxxxx Xxxxx Xxxxxx, XX 00000 |
414,273 |
5.51 |
% |
||
Xxxxxxx Asset Management Corporation Xxxxxxx Securities Inc.(4) 0000 Xxxxxx xx xxx Xxxxxxxx Xxx Xxxx, XX 00000 |
326,286 |
4.34 |
% |
||
Named Executive Officers: |
|||||
Xxxxx Xxxxx(5) | 240,291 | 3.13 | % | ||
Xxxxxxx XxXxxxxxx |
130,457 |
1.71 |
% |
||
Xxxxxx Xxxxxxxx |
64,183 |
* |
|||
Directors: |
|||||
Xxxxx X. Xxxxx | 12,686 | * | |||
Xxxxx X. Xxxxxxxxxx |
21,257 |
* |
|||
Xxxxxxx Xxxxxxx |
11,543 |
* |
|||
Xxxxxxx Xxxxxx |
11,543 |
* |
|||
All executive officers and directors as a group (7 persons) |
491,960 |
6.26 |
% |
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- *
- Less
than 1%.
- (1)
- The
Xxxxx Estates, Inc. serves as an investment advisor for a number of clients who have the right to receive, or the power to direct the receipt of, dividends from, or the
proceeds from the sale of, such securities. The foregoing information is based solely on the Schedule 13G filed on March 3, 2008 by The Xxxxx Estates.
- (2)
- The
foregoing information is based solely on the records at the transfer agent involving the purchase of shares by Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V.
- (3)
- Dimensional
Fund Advisors LP ("Dimensional") furnishes investment advice to four investment companies and serves as investment manager to certain other commingled group trusts
and separate accounts. The shares reported in the table are owned by these investment companies, group trusts and separate accounts. Dimensional possesses voting power over the shares, but disclaims
beneficial ownership of the shares. The foregoing information is based solely on the Schedule 13G/A filed on February 6, 2008 by Dimensional.
- (4)
- Xxxxxxx
Asset Management Corporation ("Xxxxxxx") serves as the investment manager for a number of managed accounts with respect to which it has dispositive authority. The reporting
persons disclaim beneficial ownership of the common stock. The foregoing information is based solely on the Schedule 13G filed on January 25, 2008 by Xxxxxxx.
- (5)
- Includes 10,971 shares of common stock held in trust for minor children.
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DESCRIPTION OF OUR CAPITAL STOCK
Below is a summary description of our capital stock. This description is not complete. You should read the full text of our certificate of incorporation and bylaws, which are included as exhibits to the registration statement of which this information statement is a part, as well as the applicable provisions of Delaware law.
General
Our authorized capital stock consists of 50,000,000 shares of common stock, par value $0.001 per share, and 2,500,000 shares of preferred stock, par value $0.001 per share. Immediately following the spin-off and the DMRC Corporation merger, there will be approximately shares of common stock and no shares of preferred stock outstanding. Following the completion of the DMRC Corporation merger, we will issue to the executive officers of DMRC Corporation shares of Series A Redeemable Nonvoting Preferred stock in the aggregate amount of $50,000.
Common Stock
The holders of our common stock are entitled to one vote for each share held of record on all matters submitted to a vote of our stockholders, including the election of directors. Subject to preferences that may be granted to any then outstanding preferred stock, holders of common stock are entitled to receive ratably those dividends as may be declared by our board of directors out of funds legally available for such purpose, as well as any distributions to our stockholders. In the event of our liquidation, dissolution or winding up, holders of common stock are entitled to share ratably in all of our assets remaining after payment of liabilities and the liquidation preference of any then outstanding preferred stock. Holders of common stock have no preemptive or other subscription or conversion rights. There are no redemption or sinking fund provisions applicable to the common stock. All outstanding shares of common stock are fully paid and non-assessable.
Preferred Stock
We are authorized to issue 2,500,000 shares of preferred stock. Our board of directors has the authority to issue the undesignated preferred stock in one or more series and to determine the powers, preferences and rights and the qualifications, limitations or restrictions granted to or imposed upon any wholly unissued series of undesignated preferred stock and to fix the number of shares constituting any series and the designation of such series, without any further vote or action by the stockholders. The issuance of preferred stock may have the effect of delaying, deferring or preventing a change of control of our company without further action by stockholders and may adversely affect the voting and other rights of the holders of common stock.
Ten thousand (10,000) shares of the authorized preferred stock have been designated as Series A Redeemable Nonvoting Preferred stock. In the event of the liquidation, dissolution or other winding up of DMRC Corporation, before any payment or distribution is made to the holders of common stock, holders of the Series A Redeemable Nonvoting Preferred stock will be entitled to receive a value of $5.00 per share of Series A Redeemable Nonvoting Preferred stock held by the stockholder. The Series A Redeemable Nonvoting Preferred stock has no voting rights, except as required by law, and may be redeemed by the board of directors at any time on or after June 18, 2013. Following the spin-off and completion of the DMRC Corporation merger, we will issue to the executive officers of DMRC Corporation shares of Series A Redeemable Nonvoting Preferred stock in the aggregate amount of $50,000.
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Delaware Takeover Statute
We are subject to the provisions of Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law, as amended from time to time. Section 203 provides, with certain exceptions, that a publicly-held corporation is prohibited from engaging in a "business combination" with an "interested stockholder" for a period of three years after the date of the transaction in which the person became an interested stockholder, unless:
- •
- prior
to such date, the board of directors of the corporation approved either the business combination or the transaction that resulted in the stockholder becoming an
interested stockholder;
- •
- upon
completion of the transaction that resulted in the stockholder becoming an interested stockholder, the interested stockholder owned at least 85% of the voting stock of
the corporation outstanding at the time the transaction commenced, excluding for purposes of determining the number of shares outstanding those shares owned by persons who are directors and also
officers, and by employee stock plans in which employee participants do not have the right to determine confidentially whether shares held subject to the plan will be tendered in a tender or exchange
offer; or
- •
- at or subsequent to such date, the business combination is approved by the board of directors and authorized at an annual or special meeting of stockholders, and not by written consent, by the affirmative vote of at least 662/3% of the outstanding voting stock that is not owned by the interested stockholder.
A "business combination" includes the following:
- •
- any
merger or consolidation involving the corporation and the interested stockholder;
- •
- any
sale, transfer, pledge or other disposition of 10% or more of the assets of the corporation involving the interested stockholder;
- •
- subject
to certain exceptions, any transaction that results in the issuance or transfer by the corporation of any stock of the corporation to the interested stockholder;
- •
- any
transaction involving the corporation that has the effect of increasing the proportionate share of the stock of any class or series of the corporation beneficially owned
by the interested stockholder; or
- •
- the receipt by the interested stockholder of the benefit of any loans, advances, guarantees, pledges or other financial benefits provided by or through the corporation.
Subject to certain exceptions, an "interested stockholder" is a person who, together with affiliates and associates, owns, or within three years did own, 15% or more of the corporation's voting stock. The Delaware takeover statute may render the removal of directors and management more difficult.
Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws
Our certificate of incorporation and bylaws contain provisions that could have the effect of discouraging potential acquisition proposals or making a tender offer or delaying or preventing a change in control of Digimarc. In particular, our certificate of incorporation and bylaws, as applicable, among other things:
- •
- Provide that special meetings of the stockholders may be called only by our chairman of the board, by our secretary or at the direction of our board of directors.
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- •
- Provide
that following the spin-off, the right of our stockholders to act by written consent is expressly prohibited and that stockholder action must take place
at a duly called annual or a special meeting of our stockholders.
- •
- Provide
advance notice procedures with respect to stockholder proposals and nominations of candidates for election as directors other than nominations made by or at the
direction of our board of directors or a committee of our board of directors. The business to be conducted at an annual meeting will be limited to business properly brought before the annual meeting
by or at the direction of our board of directors or a duly authorized committee thereof or by a stockholder of record who has given timely written notice to our secretary of the stockholder's
intention to bring business before the meeting.
- •
- Do
not include a provision for cumulative voting in the election of directors. Under cumulative voting, a minority stockholder holding a sufficient number of shares may be
able to ensure the election of one or more directors. The absence of cumulative voting may have the effect of limiting the ability of minority stockholders to effect changes in the board and, as a
result, may have the effect
of deterring a hostile takeover or delaying or preventing changes in control or management of Digimarc.
- •
- Provide
that vacancies on our board of directors may be filled by a majority of directors in office, although less than a quorum, and not by the stockholders.
- •
- Allow us to issue up to 2,500,000 shares of undesignated preferred stock with rights senior to those of the common stock and that otherwise could adversely affect the rights and powers, including voting rights, of the holders of common stock. In certain circumstances, this issuance could have the effect of decreasing the market price of the common stock, as well as having the anti-takeover effect discussed above.
These provisions are intended to enhance the likelihood of continuity and stability in the composition of our board of directors and in the policies formulated by them, and to discourage certain types of transactions that may involve an actual or threatened change in control of Digimarc. These provisions are designed to reduce our vulnerability to an unsolicited acquisition proposal and to discourage certain tactics that may be used in proxy fights. However, these provisions could have the effect of discouraging others from making tender offers for our shares that could result from actual or rumored takeover attempts. These provisions also may have the effect of preventing changes in our management.
Transfer Agent and Registrar
The transfer agent and registrar for our common stock is Computershare Trust Company, N.A.
Nasdaq Listing
DMRC will apply to list its shares of common stock on The Nasdaq Global Market under the symbol "DMRCD."
LIMITATION OF LIABILITY AND INDEMNIFICATION OF DIRECTORS AND OFFICERS
DMRC is incorporated in Delaware. Section 145 of the Delaware General Corporation Law permits a corporation to indemnify its directors and officers against expenses (including attorney's fees), judgments, fines and amounts paid in settlement actually and reasonably incurred by them in connection with any action, suit or proceeding brought by third parties, if such directors or officers acted in good faith and in a manner they reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the corporation and, with respect to any criminal action or proceeding, had no reasonable cause to believe their conduct was unlawful. In a derivative action, i.e., one by or in the right of the
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corporation, indemnification may be made only for expenses actually and reasonably incurred by directors and officers in connection with the defense or settlement of an action or suit, and only with respect to a matter as to which they shall have acted in good faith and in a manner they reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the corporation, except that no indemnification shall be made if such person shall have been adjudged liable for negligence or misconduct in the performance of his or her respective duties to the corporation, although the court in which the action or suit was brought may determine upon application that the defendant officers or directors are fairly and reasonably entitled to indemnity for such expenses despite such adjudication of liability.
Section 102(b)(7) of the Delaware General Corporation Law provides that a corporation may eliminate or limit the personal liability of a director to the corporation or its stockholders for monetary damages for breach of fiduciary duty as a director, provided that such provisions shall not eliminate or limit the liability of a director (1) for any breach of the director's duty of loyalty to the corporation or its stockholders, (2) for acts or omissions not in good faith or which involve intentional misconduct or a knowing violation of law, (3) under section 174 of the Delaware General Corporation Law or (4) for any transaction from which the director derived an improper personal benefit. No such provision shall eliminate or limit the liability of a director for any act or omission occurring before the date when such provision becomes effective. The limitations described above do not affect the ability of DMRC or its stockholders to seek non-monetary based remedies, such as an injunction or rescission, against a director for breach of his or her fiduciary duty nor would such limitations limit liability under the federal securities laws.
Following the spin-off, DMRC's certificate of incorporation will require indemnification of directors and officers to the full extent permitted by the Delaware General Corporation Law and provides that, in any action by a claimant, DMRC shall bear the burden of proof that the claimant is not entitled to indemnification. DMRC will also enter into indemnification agreements with each of its directors and executive officers whereby it is contractually obligated to indemnify the director and advance expenses to the full extent permitted by the Delaware General Corporation Law.
CERTAIN MATERIAL U.S. FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSEQUENCES
The following discussion summarizes certain material U.S. federal income tax consequences of the spin-off, the Digimarc/L-1 merger and the DMRC Corporation merger that may be relevant to Digimarc stockholders that hold shares of Digimarc common stock as a capital asset (generally, assets held for investment) for U.S. federal income tax purposes, which we refer to as Holders. This discussion is based on the Code, applicable Treasury Regulations promulgated thereunder, and administrative and judicial interpretations thereof, each as in effect as of the date hereof, all of which may change, possibly with retroactive effect.
The discussion does not address all of the U.S. federal income tax considerations that may be relevant to particular Holders in light of their particular circumstances, or to Holders that are subject to special treatment under U.S. federal income tax laws, including banks, insurance companies, mutual funds or other financial institutions, broker-dealers, traders, expatriates, certain former citizens or long-term residents of the United States, tax-exempt organizations, persons who are subject to the U.S. alternative minimum tax, persons who hold their shares of common stock as part of an integrated investment (including as part of a "straddle" or as part of a "hedging," "conversion" or other risk reduction transaction), controlled foreign corporations, passive foreign investment companies, corporations subject to anti-inversion rules, persons that are partnerships, S corporations or other pass-through entities, persons that have a functional currency other than the U.S. dollar or persons who acquired their shares of Digimarc common stock through stock option or stock purchase plan programs or in other compensatory arrangements.
In addition, this discussion does not address the U.S. federal income tax considerations applicable to holders of options or warrants, if any, to purchase Digimarc common stock or to Holders who
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exercise dissenters' rights. Furthermore, except as provided below, this discussion does not address any U.S. federal estate and gift tax consequences or any state, local or foreign tax consequences applicable to Holders.
For purposes of this discussion, a "U.S. Holder" means a Holder that is:
- •
- an
individual who is a citizen or resident of the United States;
- •
- a
corporation, or other entity taxable as a corporation for U.S. federal tax purposes, created or organized in or under the laws of the United States or any state thereof or
the District of Columbia;
- •
- an
estate the income of which is subject to U.S. federal income taxation regardless of its source; or
- •
- a trust (a) the administration over which a U.S. court can exercise primary supervision and all of the substantial decisions of which one or more U.S. persons have the authority to control and (b) certain other trusts considered U.S. persons for U.S. federal income tax purposes.
A "Non-U.S. Holder" is a Holder (other than an entity treated as a partnership or other pass-through entity for U.S. federal income tax purposes) that is not a U.S. Holder.
If a partnership (or other entity classified as a partnership for U.S. federal tax purposes) is a beneficial owner of shares of Digimarc common stock, the tax treatment of a partner in that partnership generally will depend on the status of the partner and the activities of the partnership. Holders that are partnerships and partners in these partnerships are urged to consult their tax advisors regarding the U.S. federal income tax consequences of the spin-off, the Digimarc/L-1 merger and the DMRC Corporation merger to them.
Tax Consequences of the Spin-Off, the Offer, the Digimarc/L-1 merger and the DMRC Corporation merger
Digimarc and L-1 intend that for U.S. federal income tax purposes the spin-off, the offer and the Digimarc/L-1 merger will constitute a single integrated transaction with respect to the Holders in which the spin-off will be treated as a taxable redemption of shares of Digimarc common stock in connection with the complete termination of the Holders' interests in Digimarc. Digimarc and L-1 will treat and report the spin-off, the offer and the Digimarc/L-1 merger in a manner consistent with such characterization, and the following discussion assumes this characterization will be respected. Although we believe the foregoing treatment correctly characterizes the transaction for U.S. federal income tax purposes, the Internal Revenue Service, which we refer to as the IRS, could conceivably assert a different characterization, and were the IRS to prevail, a Holder could experience U.S. federal income tax consequences that are different from those described below.
We expect that if the trust transfer occurs, it will be treated as a transfer of the DMRC LLC interests to Digimarc's stockholders followed by a transfer of such interests by such stockholders to the trust, and such Digimarc stockholders will be treated as the grantors and owners of such interests held in the trust pursuant to Section 677 of the Code and the trust will be treated as a liquidating trust within the meaning of Treasury Regulations Section 301.7701-4(d).
Holders are urged to consult their own tax advisors with respect to the tax consequences of the spin-off, the offer, the Digimarc/L-1 merger and the DMRC Corporation merger to them.
U.S. Holders
U.S. Holders generally should recognize capital gain or loss for U.S. federal income tax purposes in an amount equal to the difference between (1) the sum of the fair market value of the DMRC LLC
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interests received in the spin-off, the amount of cash received in the offer and the amount of cash received in the Digimarc/L-1 merger, and (2) such U.S. Holder's adjusted tax basis in his or her shares of Digimarc common stock surrendered or deemed surrendered in the transactions. The deduction of any recognized loss may be delayed or otherwise adversely affected by certain loss limitation rules.
We do not expect that DMRC LLC or U.S. Holders will recognize any gain or loss in the DMRC Corporation merger. We expect that the fair market value, determined when the spin-off occurs, of the DMRC LLC interests received in the spin-off by the U.S. Holders will equal the fair market value of the DMRC Corporation common stock received by the U.S. Holders in the DMRC Corporation merger, and as a result, there would be no gain or loss to recognize in the DMRC Corporation merger. We expect that a U.S. Holder will, immediately following the DMRC Corporation merger, have an aggregate adjusted basis in his or her shares of DMRC Corporation common stock received in the DMRC Corporation merger equal to the fair market value of the DMRC LLC interests received in the spin-off, and his or her holding period in such shares will begin on the day following the spin-off and the DMRC Corporation merger. U.S. Holders should consult their tax advisors with respect to the tax consequences of the DMRC Corporation merger.
U.S. federal income tax law does not specifically identify how you should determine the fair market value of the DMRC LLC interests. There are several potential methods for determining the fair market values of the equity of DMRC LLC, including, but not limited to (1) the opening trading price of DMRC Corporation shares on the first trading day of those shares, (2) the average high and low trading prices of the DMRC Corporation shares on the first trading day of those shares, (3) the closing trading prices of the DMRC Corporation shares on the first trading day of those shares, or (4) the volume weighted average price of the DMRC Corporation shares on the first trading day of those shares, in each case, immediately after the spin-off. If the trust transfer is completed, the trustees will value, or cause to be valued, the DMRC LLC interests and notify Digimarc stockholders in writing of such valuation. U.S. Holders are urged to consult their tax advisors regarding the manner in which the fair market value of the DMRC Corporation shares, and gain or loss should be calculated in connection with the spin-off, the offer, the Digimarc/L-1 merger and the DMRC Corporation merger.
Non-U.S. Holders
A Non-U.S. Holder generally should not be subject to U.S. federal income tax on any gain realized on the receipt of the DMRC LLC interests and cash in the spin-off, the offer or the Digimarc/L-1 merger, or the DMRC Corporation common stock received in the DMRC Corporation merger, unless:
- •
- the
Non-U.S. Xxxxxx is an individual who was present in the United States for 183 days or more during the taxable year of the spin-off, the
offer, and the Digimarc/L-1 merger and certain other conditions are satisfied;
- •
- the
gain is effectively connected with the Non-U.S. Holder's conduct of a trade or business in the United States, or, if required by an applicable tax treaty,
attributable to a permanent establishment maintained by the Holder in the United States; or
- •
- Digimarc is or has been a "United States real property holding corporation," which we refer to as a USRPHC, for U.S. federal income tax purposes at any time within the shorter of the five year period preceding the closing date of the transactions or such Non-U.S. Holder's holding period of Digimarc common stock. We do not believe that Digimarc is, and do not anticipate it becoming, a USRPHC for U.S. federal income tax purposes. If Digimarc were or were to become a USRPHC at any time during the applicable period, however, any gain recognized on a sale or other disposition of its common stock by a Non-U.S. Holder that did not own (actually or constructively) more than 5% of Digimarc's common stock during the five years preceding the closing date of the transactions would not be subject to U.S. federal income tax.
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Xxxx described in the first bullet point above generally will be subject to U.S. federal income tax at a flat 30% (or lower applicable treaty) rate, but may be offset by U.S. source capital losses. Unless a tax treaty provides otherwise, gain described in the second bullet point above will be subject to U.S. federal income tax on a net income basis in the same manner as if the Non-U.S. Holder were a resident of the United States. Non-U.S. Holders that are foreign corporations also may be subject to a 30% branch profits tax (or lower applicable treaty rate). Non-U.S. Holders are urged to consult any applicable tax treaties that may provide for different rules.
Prior to the DMRC Corporation merger and immediately following the spin-off, DMRC LLC will not be treated as a corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Non-U.S. Holders are urged to consult their tax advisors concerning the consequences to them (including potential tax filing obligations) of owning DMRC LLC interests during the period when it may not be treated as a corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes.
Information Reporting and Backup Withholding
Under U.S. federal income tax laws, the depositary generally will be required to report to a U.S. Holder and to the IRS any reportable payments made to such U.S. Holder in the spin-off, the offer, the Digimarc/L-1 merger and the DMRC Corporation merger. Additionally, a U.S. Holder may be subject to a backup withholding tax, unless the U.S. Holder provides the depositary with the holder's correct taxpayer identification number, which in the case of an individual is his or her social security number, or, in the alternative, establishes a basis for exemption from backup withholding. If the correct taxpayer identification number or an adequate basis for exemption is not provided, a U.S. Holder will be subject to backup withholding (currently at a rate of 28%) on any reportable payment. To prevent backup withholding, each U.S. Holder must complete the IRS Form W-9 or a substitute Form W-9 which will be provided by Computershare Inc., the depositary for the offer, with the letter of transmittal.
Payments made to Non-U.S. Holders in the spin-off, the offer, the Digimarc/L-1 merger and the DMRC Corporation merger may be subject to information reporting and backup withholding. Non-U.S. Holders generally may avoid backup withholding by furnishing a properly executed IRS Form W-8BEN (or other applicable IRS Form W-8) certifying the Holder's non-U.S. status or by otherwise establishing an exemption.
Backup withholding is not an additional tax. Rather, Holders may use amounts withheld as a credit against their U.S. federal income tax liability or may claim a refund of any excess amounts withheld by timely and duly filing a claim for refund with the IRS.
If the trust transfer occurs, the trustees will furnish Holders with the information required by Holders to file their tax returns with respect to their beneficial ownership of the shares of DMRC Corporation stock held in the trust.
THE FOREGOING DISCUSSION IS FOR GENERAL INFORMATION ONLY AND IS NOT INTENDED TO BE LEGAL OR TAX ADVICE TO ANY PARTICULAR HOLDER. TAX MATTERS REGARDING THE SPIN-OFF, THE OFFER, THE DIGIMARC/L-1 MERGER AND THE DMRC CORPORATION MERGER ARE COMPLICATED, AND THE TAX CONSEQUENCES OF THE SPIN-OFF, THE OFFER, THE DIGIMARC/L-1 MERGER AND THE DMRC CORPORATION MERGER TO ANY PARTICULAR HOLDER WILL DEPEND ON THAT STOCKHOLDER'S INDIVIDUAL SITUATION. HOLDERS ARE URGED TO CONSULT WITH THEIR OWN TAX ADVISOR TO DETERMINE THE SPECIFIC TAX CONSEQUENCES OF THE SPIN-OFF, THE OFFER, THE DIGIMARC/L-1 MERGER AND THE DMRC CORPORATION MERGER, INCLUDING TAX RETURN REPORTING REQUIREMENTS, THE APPLICABILITY OF U.S. FEDERAL, STATE, LOCAL AND FOREIGN TAX LAWS, AND THE EFFECT OF ANY PROPOSED CHANGE IN THE TAX LAWS TO THEM.
97
WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION
We have filed a registration statement on Form 10 with the SEC with respect to the shares of our common stock being distributed as contemplated by this information statement. This information statement is a part of, and does not contain all of the information set forth in, the registration statement and the exhibits and schedules to the registration statement. For further information with respect to our company and our common stock, please refer to the registration statement, including its exhibits and schedules. Statements made in this information statement relating to any contract or other document are not necessarily complete, and you should refer to the exhibits attached to the registration statement for copies of the actual contract or document. You may review a copy of the registration statement, including its exhibits and schedules, at the SEC's public reference room, located at 000 X Xxxxxx, X.X., Xxxxxxxxxx, X.X. 00000, as well as on the Internet web site maintained by the SEC at xxx.xxx.xxx. Please call the SEC at 0-000-XXX-0000 for further information on the public reference room. Information contained on any web site referenced in this information statement is not incorporated by reference into this information statement or the registration statement of which this information statement is a part.
After the spin-off, we will become subject to the information and reporting requirements of the Exchange Act and, in accordance with the Exchange Act, we will file periodic reports, proxy statements and other information with the SEC.
Our SEC filings will be available to the public at no charge from the SEC's website, as described above, and, following the DMRC Corporation merger, on our Web site under the "Investors" tab at xxx.xxxxxxxx.xxx. Information on our website is not incorporated into this information statement or other securities filings and is not a part of these filings. You may also request a copy of our future SEC filings at no cost, by writing or telephoning us at:
DMRC Corporation
Attn: Xxxxxx X. Xxxxxxxx
0000 XX Xxxxxx Xxxxx
Xxxxxxxxx, XX 00000
Phone: (000) 000-0000
Fax: (000) 000-0000
You should rely only on the information contained in this information statement or to which we have referred you. We have not authorized any person to provide you with different information or to make any representation not contained in this information statement.
98
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Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm |
F-2 |
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Balance Sheets |
F-3 |
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Statements of Operations |
F-4 |
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Statements of Parent's Investment |
F-5 |
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Statements of Cash Flows |
F-6 |
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Notes to Financial Statements |
F-7 |
F-1
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
Board
of Directors and Stockholders
Digimarc Corporation
We have audited the accompanying balance sheets of DMRC Corporation (a carved-out business unit of Digimarc Corporation) as of December 31, 2007 and 2006 and the related statements of operations, changes in parent's investment, and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2007. These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. Our audit included consideration of internal control over financial reporting as a basis for designing audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company's internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of DMRC Corporation as of December 31, 2007 and 2006, and the results of their operations and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2007 in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.
As more fully described in Note 1 to the financial statements, certain expenses of DMRC Corporation represent allocations from Digimarc Corporation. The accompanying financial statements include such allocations and may not necessarily be representative of the financial position or results of operations had DMRC Corporation operated as an unaffiliated company during the periods presented.
/S/ XXXXX XXXXXXXX LLP
Portland,
Oregon
June 20, 2008, (except for the first three
paragraphs of Note 1, as to which the date
is July 18, 2008)
F-2
DMRC CORPORATION
(a carved-out business of Digimarc Corporation)
BALANCE SHEETS
(In thousands)
|
March 31, 2008 |
December 31, 2007 |
December 31, 2006 |
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(unaudited) |
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ASSETS | |||||||||||
Current assets: | |||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 33,586 | $ | 29,145 | $ | 33,073 | |||||
Short-term investments | 3,849 | 3,568 | — | ||||||||
Trade accounts receivable, net | 3,233 | 3,752 | 2,441 | ||||||||
Other current assets | 278 | 387 | 309 | ||||||||
Total current assets | 40,946 | 36,852 | 35,823 | ||||||||
Property and equipment, net | 1,167 | 1,227 | 1,472 | ||||||||
Other assets, net | 386 | 372 | 363 | ||||||||
Total assets | $ | 42,499 | $ | 38,451 | $ | 37,658 | |||||
LIABILITIES AND NET PARENT'S INVESTMENT |
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Current liabilities: | |||||||||||
Accounts payable and other accrued liabilities | $ | 411 | $ | 464 | $ | 382 | |||||
Accrued payroll and related costs | 325 | 199 | 773 | ||||||||
Deferred revenue | 3,029 | 2,734 | 1,616 | ||||||||
Total current liabilities | 3,765 | 3,397 | 2,771 | ||||||||
Long-term liabilities | 220 | 215 | 294 | ||||||||
Total liabilities | 3,985 | 3,612 | 3,065 | ||||||||
Commitments and contingencies (Note 9) |
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Parent's investment: |
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Net Parent's investment | 38,514 | 34,839 | 34,593 | ||||||||
Total liabilities and net Parent's investment | $ | 42,499 | $ | 38,451 | $ | 37,658 | |||||
See accompanying notes to financial statements
F-3
DMRC CORPORATION
(a carved-out business of Digimarc Corporation)
STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(In thousands)
|
Three Months Ended March 31, |
Year Ended December 31, |
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2008 |
2007 |
2007 |
2006 |
2005 |
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(unaudited) |
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Revenue: | ||||||||||||||||||
Service | $ | 2,548 | $ | 1,877 | $ | 7,806 | $ | 6,812 | $ | 7,051 | ||||||||
License and subscription | 2,537 | 1,608 | 5,219 | 4,259 | 4,068 | |||||||||||||
Total revenue | 5,085 | 3,485 | 13,025 | 11,071 | 11,119 | |||||||||||||
Cost of revenue: |
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Service | 1,349 | 919 | 3,815 | 3,633 | 3,299 | |||||||||||||
License and subscription | 59 | 31 | 217 | 136 | 182 | |||||||||||||
Total cost of revenue | 1,408 | 950 | 4,032 | 3,769 | 3,481 | |||||||||||||
Gross profit |
3,677 |
2,535 |
8,993 |
7,302 |
7,638 |
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Operating expenses: |
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Sales and marketing | 656 | 639 | 2,453 | 3,740 | 4,692 | |||||||||||||
Research, development and engineering | 922 | 729 | 2,912 | 2,448 | 3,208 | |||||||||||||
General and administrative | 980 | 857 | 3,345 | 3,433 | 3,645 | |||||||||||||
Intellectual property | 478 | 431 | 1,593 | 1,589 | 1,863 | |||||||||||||
Total operating expenses | 3,036 | 2,656 | 10,303 | 11,210 | 13,408 | |||||||||||||
Operating income (loss) |
641 |
(121 |
) |
(1,310 |
) |
(3,908 |
) |
(5,770 |
) |
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Other income (expense), net | 294 | 375 | 1,387 | 1,242 | 928 | |||||||||||||
Income (loss) before provision for income taxes | 935 | 254 | 77 | (2,666 | ) | (4,842 | ) | |||||||||||
Provision for income taxes | 11 | 4 | 22 | 21 | — | |||||||||||||
Net income (loss) | $ | 924 | $ | 250 | $ | 55 | $ | (2,687 | ) | $ | (4,842 | ) | ||||||
See accompanying notes to financial statements
F-4
DMRC CORPORATION
(a carved-out business of Digimarc Corporation)
STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN PARENT'S INVESTMENT
(In thousands)
BALANCE AT DECEMBER 31, 2004 | $ | 53,249 | ||
Cash from Parent stock activity | 333 | |||
Stock compensation allocated from Parent | 203 | |||
Net activity with Parent | (15,847 | ) | ||
Net loss | (4,842 | ) | ||
BALANCE AT DECEMBER 31, 2005 | 33,096 | |||
Cash from Parent stock activity | 242 | |||
Stock compensation allocated from Parent | 790 | |||
Net activity with Parent | 3,152 | |||
Net loss | (2,687 | ) | ||
BALANCE AT DECEMBER 31, 2006 | 34,593 | |||
Cash from Parent stock activity | 2,187 | |||
Stock compensation allocated from Parent | 1,209 | |||
Net activity with Parent | (3,205 | ) | ||
Net income | 55 | |||
BALANCE AT DECEMBER 31, 2007 | 34,839 | |||
Cash from Parent stock activity | 102 | (1) | ||
Stock compensation allocated from Parent | 377 | (1) | ||
Net activity with Parent | 2,272 | (1) | ||
Net income | 924 | (1) | ||
BALANCE AT MARCH 31, 2008 | $ | 38,514 | (1) | |
- (1)
- Unaudited
See accompanying notes to financial statements.
F-5
DMRC CORPORATION
(a carved-out business of Digimarc Corporation)
STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(In thousands)
|
Three Months Ended March 31, |
Year Ended December 31, |
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2008 |
2007 |
2007 |
2006 |
2005 |
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(Unaudited) |
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Cash flows from operating activities: | ||||||||||||||||||||
Net income (loss) | $ | 924 | $ | 250 | $ | 55 | $ | (2,687 | ) | $ | (4,842 | ) | ||||||||
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities: | ||||||||||||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization of property and equipment | 276 | 156 | 612 | 616 | 659 | |||||||||||||||
Stock-based compensation expense | 377 | 290 | 1,209 | 790 | 203 | |||||||||||||||
Increase (decrease) in allowance for doubtful accounts | — | — | — | (13 | ) | (93 | ) | |||||||||||||
Changes in operating assets and liabilities: | ||||||||||||||||||||
Trade and unbilled accounts receivable, net | 519 | 522 | (1,311 | ) | 199 | (403 | ) | |||||||||||||
Other current assets | 109 | 35 | (78 | ) | 63 | (215 | ) | |||||||||||||
Other assets, net | (14 | ) | (11 | ) | (9 | ) | — | 18 | ||||||||||||
Accounts payable and other accrued liabilities | (50 | ) | (84 | ) | 23 | (147 | ) | 83 | ||||||||||||
Accrued payroll and related costs | 126 | (560 | ) | (574 | ) | (206 | ) | 236 | ||||||||||||
Deferred revenue | 297 | 440 | 1,098 | (382 | ) | 520 | ||||||||||||||
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities |
2,564 | 1,038 | 1,025 | (1,767 | ) | (3,384 | ) | |||||||||||||
Cash flows from investing activities: |
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Purchase of property and equipment | (216 | ) | (81 | ) | (367 | ) | (536 | ) | (506 | ) | ||||||||||
Sale or maturity of short-term investments | 41,534 | 38,355 | 150,775 | 136,946 | 180,568 | |||||||||||||||
Purchase of short-term investments | (41,815 | ) | (38,355 | ) | (154,343 | ) | (136,207 | ) | (156,239 | ) | ||||||||||
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities | (497 | ) | (81 | ) | (3,935 | ) | 203 | 23,823 | ||||||||||||
Cash flows from financing activities: |
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Cash from Parent stock activity | 102 | 442 | 2,187 | 242 | 333 | |||||||||||||||
Net activity with Parent | 2,272 | (2,967 | ) | (3,205 | ) | 3,152 | (15,847 | ) | ||||||||||||
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities | 2,374 | (2,525 | ) | (1,018 | ) | 3,394 | (15,514 | ) | ||||||||||||
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents | 4,441 | (1,568 | ) | (3,928 | ) | 1,830 | 4,475 | |||||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period | 29,145 | 33,073 | 33,073 | 31,243 | 26,768 | |||||||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period | $ | 33,586 | $ | 31,505 | $ | 29,145 | $ | 33,073 | $ | 31,243 | ||||||||||
See accompanying notes to financial statements.
F-6
DMRC CORPORATION
(a carved-out business of Digimarc Corporation)
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(in thousands)
1. Description of Business and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Description of Business
Planned Merger and Separation
On June 29, 2008, Digimarc Corporation, which we refer to as Digimarc or Parent, entered into an amended and restated merger agreement, as amended by that Amendment No. 1 dated as of July 17, 2008 and as may be further amended, which we refer to as the Digimarc/L-1 merger agreement, with, L-1 Identity Solutions, Inc., which we refer to as L-1, and Dolomite Acquisition Co, which we refer to as Dolomite, a wholly owned subsidiary of L-1, pursuant to which Dolomite has offered to purchase all of the outstanding shares of Digimarc common stock, together with the associated preferred stock purchase rights for $12.25 per share. We refer to the offer to purchase as the offer. The Digimarc/L-1 merger agreement provides, among other things, that following the completion of the offer and subject to other conditions set forth in the Digimarc/L-1 merger agreement, Dolomite will merge with and into Digimarc with Digimarc continuing as the surviving company and a wholly owned subsidiary of L-1. We refer to the merger of Digimarc and Dolomite as the Digimarc/L-1 merger.
Prior to the expiration of, and as a condition to, the offer and the Digimarc/L-1 merger, Digimarc will contribute all of the assets and liabilities related to its digital watermarking business, together with all of Digimarc's cash, including cash received upon the exercise of stock options, to a wholly owned subsidiary of Digimarc, which we refer to as DMRC LLC, the interests of which will be (1) distributed to holders of shares of Digimarc common stock in a taxable spin-off transaction, which we refer to as the LLC spin-off, or (2) pending effectiveness of the Registration Statement on Form 10, of which this information statement is a part and which we refer to as the Form 10, transferred to a newly-created trust for the benefit of holders of shares of Digimarc common stock, which we refer to as the trust transfer, in either case, on the basis of one unit of DMRC LLC for every three and one-half shares of Digimarc Corporation common stock held by the stockholder. We refer to the transfer of assets and assumption of liabilities as the restructuring. We refer to the distribution of the DMRC LLC interests, whether by LLC spin-off or trust transfer, and the restructuring collectively as the spin-off. Following the spin-off, DMRC LLC will merge with and into its wholly owned subsidiary, DMRC Corporation, which we refer to as the DMRC Corporation merger, and each limited liability company interest of DMRC LLC will be converted into one share of common stock of DMRC Corporation. As a result, each Digimarc stockholder will receive one share of DMRC Corporation for every three and one-half shares of Digimarc common stock held by the stockholder. If the trust transfer occurs, the trust will distribute the shares of DMRC Corporation common stock to Digimarc stockholders upon effectiveness of the Form 10.
Digimarc, L-1, DMRC LLC and DMRC Corporation will enter into various agreements in order to accomplish the spin-off transaction. After the spin-off and completion of the merger, DMRC Corporation will change its name to Digimarc Corporation.
DMRC is a supplier of advanced technologies for use in media identification and management. our solutions enable governments and businesses around the world to deter counterfeiting and piracy, combat identity theft and fraud, improve the management of media content, and support new digital media distribution models that provide consumers with more choice and access to media content.
F-7
DMRC CORPORATION
(a carved-out business of Digimarc Corporation)
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(in thousands)
1. Description of Business and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Continued)
Unaudited Interim Results
The accompanying balance sheet as of March 31, 2008, the statements of operations and cash flows for the three months ended March 31, 2007 and 2008, and the statement of changes in parent's investment for the three months ended March 31, 2008 are unaudited. The unaudited interim financial statements have been prepared on the same basis as the annual financial statements and, in the opinion of management, reflect all adjustments, which include only normal recurring adjustments, necessary to present fairly our financial position at March 31, 2008 and its results of operations and cash flows for the three months ended March 31, 2007 and 2008. The financial data and other information disclosed in these notes to the financial statements related to the three-month periods are unaudited. The results for the three months ended March 31, 2008 are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the year ending December 31, 2008 or for any other interim period or for any other future period.
Basis of Accounting
The financial statements include the assets, liabilities and results of operations of the components of Digimarc that constitute the business of DMRC to be separated, or "carved-out". DMRC's business primarily consists of Digimarc's Digital Watermarking Business and certain accounts of Digimarc. All intercompany balances have been eliminated in the carve-out.
Management believes that the assumptions underlying the financial statements are reasonable. The financial information in these financial statements does not include all of the expenses that would have been incurred had DMRC been a separate, stand-alone public entity. As such, the financial information herein does not reflect the financial position, results of operations and cash flows of DMRC in the future or what they would have been, had DMRC been a separate, stand-alone public entity during the periods presented. Additionally, these historical financial statements include proportional allocations of various shared-services common costs of Digimarc because specific identification of these expenses was not practicable. The common costs include expenses from Digimarc related to various operating shared-services cost centers, including: executive, finance and accounting, human resources, legal, marketing, intellectual property, facilities and information technology. It is expected that the initial operating costs of DMRC on a stand-alone basis will be higher than those allocated to the DMRC operations under the shared services methodology applied in the audited financial statements of DMRC. Consequently, the financial position, results of operations and cash flows of DMRC reflected in the financial statements of DMRC may not be indicative of those that would have been achieved or that might be achieved in the future had DMRC been operated as a separate, stand-alone entity for the periods reflected in its financial statements.
The cost allocation methods applied to certain shared-services common cost centers include the following:
- •
- Specific identification—where the amounts were specifically identified to DMRC or Secure ID Business unit, they
were classified accordingly.
- •
- Reasonable allocation—where the amounts were not clearly or specifically identified, we determined if a reasonable allocation method may be applied. For example in the shared-services Human Resources (HR) cost center we allocated the costs based on the relative
F-8
DMRC CORPORATION
(a carved-out business of Digimarc Corporation)
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(in thousands)
1. Description of Business and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Continued)
- •
- General allocation approach—for consistency, when specific identification or reasonable allocation method did not
seem to fit the situation, we used a general allocation approach. This approach consisted of a blended rate based on what we have determined to be the primary drivers for shared-services:
- •
- Revenue
ratio between the business units.
- •
- Property
and Equipment balances (proxy for capital expenditures)—the effort expended on capital projects is a factor in the expense and effort of
shared-services. To avoid fluctuations that happen in capital spending, we believe that these balances represent a relative trend of capital spending between the business units. In determining the
relative balances of property, we have removed the central IT assets as it supports the entire organization.
- •
- Headcount between the business units.
- •
- Cash: All cash balances of Digimarc are treated as retained by DMRC, which is consistent with the
Digimarc/L-1 merger agreement. As such, restricted cash on the books of Digimarc that related directly to its operations, flows through to DMRC in these financial statements, as
non-restricted cash and is included as cash and cash equivalents in these carved-out financials statements. The letters of credit that required the restricted cash remains with
Digimarc as acquired by L-1.
- •
- Incentive compensation allocations to cost of services: Cost of incentive compensation for bonus
and stock compensation charges for employees in the research, development and engineering cost centers, was not considered significant to Digimarc's consolidated operations during the periods reported
on and were treated as research, development and engineering costs in those financial
statements. For DMRC's reporting purposes, these incentive compensation costs have been allocated to cost of services to the extent that their pro rata salary allocations were made to the cost of
services expense category. The impact for the reported periods ranged from a 1% to 3% reduction in margins compared to the results had the allocations not been made.
- •
- Earnings (loss) per share: As a business unit of Digimarc, earnings per share calculations are not
applicable.
- •
- Stock activity: All stock activity (transactions from stock options, restricted stock, employee stock purchase plan and stock compensation) is carried on the books of Digimarc. All net cash from these activities is retained by DMRC and stock based compensation expense associated with stock activity is allocated to DMRC in accordance with the basis of accounting methodology outlined above.
headcount of the DMRC and Secure ID Business units based on the assumption that HR support costs should be relatively equal per employee across the broader population. And in the Intellectual Property cost center we allocated the costs based on the relative number of patents that are used between the two business units.
Other key assumptions differing from the historical accounting of the Parent:
F-9
DMRC CORPORATION
(a carved-out business of Digimarc Corporation)
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(in thousands)
1. Description of Business and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Continued)
- •
- Capital leases: DMRC shares various infrastructure activities with Digimarc and is charged for its
allocated share of capital lease costs in the form of allocated depreciation and interest expense. The assets and liabilities associated with the capital leases are carried on the books of Digimarc.
- •
- Leasehold improvements: DMRC occupies the majority of Digimarc's Beaverton facility and will
assume the lease and most all related furniture, fixtures and leasehold improvements once DMRC becomes a separate public company. The leaseholds are recorded as part of property and equipment in the
balance sheet of DMRC, and as a result, pro rata depreciation and rent expenses are allocated to Digimarc.
- •
- Intercompany transactions: With the retention by DMRC of all Digimarc cash, DMRC's cash balances
effectively funds the operations, if needed, of Digimarc in these financial statements. The net difference of cash needs for operating and capital expenditures to and from Digimarc is shown as "net
activity with Parent" in the Statement of Parent's Investment. All intercompany transactions have been eliminated.
- •
- Commitments and contingencies: Commitments and contingencies related to DMRC operations have been included in these financial statements, and those relating to Digimarc have been excluded.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of financial statements in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the U.S. requires DMRC to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenue and expenses, and related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. Some of our accounting policies require higher degrees of judgment than others in their application. These include revenue recognition on long-term service contracts, revenue recognition on license and subscription arrangements, reserves for uncollectible accounts receivable, contingencies and litigation and stock-based compensation. DMRC bases its estimates on historical experience as a business unit of Digimarc and on various other assumptions that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions.
Cash Equivalents
We consider all highly liquid investments with original maturities of 90 days or less at the date of acquisition to be cash equivalents. Cash equivalents include money market funds, certificates of deposit, commercial paper, and investments in government bonds. Cash equivalents are carried at cost or amortized cost, which approximates market.
Investments
DMRC Corporation considers all investments with original maturities over 90 days that mature in less than one year to be short-term investments. Investments with maturities beyond one year may be
F-10
DMRC CORPORATION
(a carved-out business of Digimarc Corporation)
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(in thousands)
1. Description of Business and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Continued)
classified as short-term based on their highly liquid nature and because such marketable securities represent the investment of cash that is available for current operations. Short-term investments include federal agency notes, company notes, and commercial paper. Our marketable securities are generally classified as held-to-maturity as of the balance sheet date and are reported at amortized cost, which approximates market. The book value of these investments approximates fair market value and, accordingly, no amounts have been recorded to other comprehensive income.
A decline in the market value of any security below cost that is deemed to be other-than-temporary results in a reduction in carrying amount to fair value. The impairment is charged to earnings and a new cost basis for the security is established. To determine whether an impairment is other-than-temporary, we consider whether it has the ability and intent to hold the investment until a market price recovery and considers whether evidence indicating the cost of the investment is recoverable outweighs evidence to the contrary. There have been no other-than-temporary impairments identified or recorded by DMRC Corporation.
Premiums and discounts are amortized or accreted over the life of the related security as an adjustment to yield using a method that approximates the effective-interest method. Dividend and interest income are recognized when earned.
Fair Value of Financial Instruments
The carrying amounts of cash and cash equivalents, short-term investments, trade accounts receivable, accounts payable and accrued payroll approximate fair value due to the short-term nature of these instruments. Fair value estimates are made at a specific point in time, based on relevant market information about the financial instrument when available. These estimates are subjective in nature and involve uncertainties and matters of significant judgment and, therefore, cannot be determined with precision. Changes in assumptions could significantly affect the estimates.
Concentrations of Business and Credit Risk
A significant portion of our business depends on a limited number of large contracts. The loss of any large contract may result in loss of revenue and margin on a prospective basis.
Financial instruments that potentially subject DMRC Corporation to concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents, investments, and trade and unbilled accounts receivable. DMRC Corporation places its cash and cash equivalents with major banks and financial institutions and at times deposits may exceed insured limits. Other than cash used for operating needs, which may include short-term investments with our principal banks, our investment policy limits its credit exposure to any one financial institution or type of financial instrument by limiting the maximum of 5% or $1,000, whichever is greater, to be invested in any one issuer except for the U.S. Government and U. S. federal agencies, which have no limits, at the time of purchase. As a result, the credit risk associated with cash and investments is believed to be minimal.
F-11
DMRC CORPORATION
(a carved-out business of Digimarc Corporation)
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(in thousands)
1. Description of Business and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Continued)
Software Development Costs
Under SFAS No. 86, Accounting for the Cost of Computer Software to Be Sold, Leased, or Otherwise Marketed, software development costs are to be capitalized beginning when a product's technological feasibility has been established and ending when a product is made available for general release to customers. To date, the establishment of technological feasibility of our products has occurred shortly before general release and, therefore, software development costs qualifying for capitalization have been immaterial. Accordingly, DMRC Corporation has not capitalized any software development costs and has charged all such costs to research and development expense.
Internal use software development costs are accounted for in accordance with AICPA SOP No. 98-1, Accounting for the Costs of Computer Software Developed or Obtained for Internal Use. Costs incurred in the preliminary project stage are expensed as incurred and costs incurred in the application development stage, which meet the capitalization criteria, are capitalized and amortized on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful life of the asset, generally three to five years. Costs incurred in the post-implementation stage are expensed as incurred.
Research and Development
Research and development costs are expensed as incurred as defined in SFAS No. 2, Accounting for Research and Development Costs. DMRC Corporation accounts for amounts received under its funded research and development arrangements in accordance with the provisions of SFAS No. 68, Research and Development Arrangements. Under the terms of the arrangements, DMRC Corporation is not obligated to repay any of the amounts provided by the funding parties. As a result, DMRC Corporation recognizes revenue as the services are performed.
Revenue Recognition
our revenue is comprised of subscription revenue which includes hardware and software sales, royalties and revenues from the licensing of digital watermarking products and related authentication services. Our revenue recognition policy follows SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin ("SAB") No. 104 Revenue Recognition, SOP No. 97-2, Software Revenue Recognition, as amended by SOP No. 98-9, Modification of SOP No. 97-2, Software Recognition, With Respect to Certain Transactions, SOP 81-1 Accounting for the Performance of Construction Type and Certain Production-Type Contracts, and Emerging Issues Task Force ("EITF") Issue No. 00-21, Revenue Arrangements with Multiple Deliverables.
Other income (expense), net
Our other income (expense), net consists primarily of interest income earned our on cash and short term investments. Some minor amounts are included in this category that relate to interest expense for capital lease allocations from Digimarc and for other non-operating items.
2. Recent Accounting Pronouncements
In September 2006, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued SFAS No. 157, Fair Value Measurements, which defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value in
F-12
DMRC CORPORATION
(a carved-out business of Digimarc Corporation)
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(in thousands)
2. Recent Accounting Pronouncements (Continued)
generally accepted accounting principles, and expands disclosures about fair value. This statement does not require any new fair value measurements, but provides guidance on how to measure fair value by providing a fair value hierarchy used to classify the source of the information. SFAS No. 157 is effective the first fiscal year beginning after November 15, 2007. DMRC Corporation has applied the provisions of this standard regarding the framework of measuring fair value and noted no material effect on the current financial statements.
In February 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 159, The Fair Value Option for the Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities, which permits entities to choose to measure certain financial assets and liabilities at fair value. SFAS No. 159 is effective the first fiscal year beginning after November 15, 2007. DMRC Corporation has elected not to measure certain financial assets and liabilities at fair value as permitted by SFAS No. 159.
3. Revenue Recognition
Some customer arrangements encompass multiple deliverables, such as software, maintenance fees, and software development fees. The Company accounts for these arrangements in accordance with EITF Issue No. 00-21. If the deliverables meet the criteria in EITF Issue No. 00-21, the deliverables are divided into separate units of accounting and revenue is allocated to the deliverables based on their relative fair values. The criteria specified in EITF Issue No. 00-21 are as follows: (i) the delivered item has value to the customer on a stand-alone basis, (ii) there is objective and reliable evidence of the fair value of the undelivered item, and (iii) if the arrangement includes a general right of return relative to the delivered item, delivery or performance of the undelivered item is considered probable and substantially in the control of the vendor. For our purposes, fair value is generally defined as the price at which a customer could purchase each of the elements independently from other vendors or as the price that the Company has sold the element separately to another customer. Management applies judgment to ensure appropriate application of EITF Issue No. 00-21, including value allocation among multiple deliverables, determination of whether undelivered elements are essential to the functionality of delivered elements and timing of revenue recognition, among others. Revenue is recognized in accordance with SAB 104 when the following four criteria are met (i) persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, (ii) delivery has occurred, (iii) the fee is fixed or determinable, and (iv) collection is probable.
AICPA SOP No. 98-9 requires that revenue be recognized using the "residual method" in circumstances when vendor specific objective evidence ("VSOE") exists only for undelivered elements. Under the residual method, revenue is recognized as follows: (1) the total fair value of undelivered elements, as indicated by vendor specific objective evidence, is deferred and subsequently recognized in accordance with the relevant sections of AICPA SOP No. 97-2, and (2) the difference between the total arrangement fee and the amount deferred for the undelivered elements is recognized as revenue related to the delivered elements.
F-13
DMRC CORPORATION
(a carved-out business of Digimarc Corporation)
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(in thousands)
3. Revenue Recognition (Continued)
Applicable revenue recognition criteria are considered separately for each separate unit of accounting as follows:
- •
- Revenue
from professional service arrangements is generally determined based on time and material. Revenue for professional services is recognized as the services are
performed. Billing for services rendered generally occurs within one month following when the services are provided.
- •
- Royalty
revenue is recognized when the royalty amounts owed to the Company have been earned, are determinable, and collection is probable. Subscriptions are paid in advance
and revenue is recognized ratably over the term of the subscription. These revenues include the licensing of digital watermarking products and services for use in authenticating documents, detecting
fraudulent documents and deterring unauthorized duplication or alteration of high-value documents, for use in communicating copyright, asset management and
business-to-business image commerce solutions, and for use in connecting analog media to a digital environment.
- •
- Software
revenue is recognized in accordance with AICPA SOP No. 97-2, as amended by AICPA SOP No. 98-9. Revenue for licenses of the
Company's software products is recognized upon the Company meeting the following criteria: persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists; delivery has occurred; the vendor's fee is fixed or
determinable; and collectibility is probable. Software revenue is recognized over the term of the license or upon delivery and acceptance if the Company grants a perpetual license with no further
obligations.
- •
- Maintenance
revenue is recognized when the maintenance amounts owed to the Company have been earned, are determinable, and collection is probable. Maintenance contracts are,
at times, paid in advance and revenue is recognized ratably on a straight-line basis over the term of the service period.
- •
- The
Company records revenue from some customers upon cash receipt as a result of collectibility not being reasonably assured.
- •
- Revenue
earned that has not been invoiced is classified as unbilled trade receivables, which is included in the balance of trade accounts receivable, net in the balance
sheets.
- •
- Deferred revenue consists of payments billed and or received in advance for professional services, licenses, subscriptions and maintenance for which revenue has not been earned.
4. Segment Information
Geographic Information
The Company derives its revenue from a single reporting segment: media management solutions. Revenue is generated in this segment through licensing of intellectual property, subscriptions to various products and services, and the delivery of services pursuant to contracts with various customers. The Company markets its products in the United States and in non-U.S. countries through its sales personnel.
F-14
DMRC CORPORATION
(a carved-out business of Digimarc Corporation)
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(in thousands)
4. Segment Information (Continued)
Information regarding geographic areas for the three-month periods ended March 31 and the years ended December 31 follow:
|
Three Months Ended March 31, |
|
|
|
||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Years Ended December 31, |
|||||||||||||||
Revenue: |
||||||||||||||||
2008 |
2007 |
2007 |
2006 |
2005 |
||||||||||||
|
(unaudited) |
|
|
|
||||||||||||
Domestic | $ | 2,658 | $ | 1,118 | $ | 3,696 | $ | 2,414 | $ | 2,882 | ||||||
International | 2,427 | 2,367 | 9,329 | 8,657 | 8,237 | |||||||||||
Total | $ | 5,085 | $ | 3,485 | $ | 13,025 | $ | 11,071 | $ | 11,119 | ||||||
Major Customers
Customers who accounted for more than 10% of the Company's revenues for the three-month periods ended March 31, 2008 and 2007 respectively and for each of the three years ended December 31, 2007 are summarized as follows:
|
Three Months Ended March 31, |
Years Ended December 31, |
|||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Revenue: |
|||||||||||
2008 |
2007 |
2007 |
2006 |
2005 |
|||||||
|
(unaudited) |
|
|
|
|||||||
Customer A | 37 | % | 57 | % | 60 | % | 65 | % | 64 | % | |
Customer B | 36 | % | * | * | * | * | |||||
Customer C | * | 19 | % | 10 | % | * | * |
- *
- less than 10%
5. Stock-Based Compensation
Stock-based compensation includes expense charges for all stock-based awards to employees and directors. Such awards include option grants, restricted stock awards, and shares expected to be purchased under an employee stock purchase plan. Stock compensation expense is allocated to DMRC based on a combination of specific and shared services resource allocations from Digimarc. All cash flow related to stock compensation generated by Digimarc is retained by DMRC.
Stock-based compensation recognized in the Company's financial statements is based on the value of the portion of the stock-based award that vested during the period, adjusted for expected forfeitures for stock-based awards granted prior to, but not fully vested as of, December 31, 2005 and stock-based awards granted subsequent to December 31, 2005. The compensation cost for awards granted prior to January 1, 2006 is based on the grant date fair value estimated in accordance with the pro forma provisions of FASB Statement No. 123, Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation, while awards granted on or after January 1, 2006 follow the provisions of SFAS 123(R) to determine the grant date fair value
F-15
DMRC CORPORATION
(a carved-out business of Digimarc Corporation)
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(in thousands)
5. Stock-Based Compensation (Continued)
and compensation cost. Compensation cost for all stock-based awards is recognized using the straight-line method.
Determining Fair Value Under SFAS 123(R)
Stock Options
Valuation and Amortization Method. The Company estimates the fair value of stock-based awards granted using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. The Company amortizes the fair value of all awards on a straight-line basis over the requisite service periods, which are generally the vesting periods. The fair value of each option grant is estimated on the date of grant.
Expected Life. The expected life of awards granted represents the period of time that they are expected to be outstanding. The Company determines the expected life based on historical experience with similar awards, giving consideration to the contractual terms, vesting schedules and pre-vesting and post-vesting forfeitures. Stock options granted generally vest over four years and have contractual terms of ten years.
Expected Volatility. The Company estimates the volatility of Digimarc's common stock at the date of grant based on the historical volatility of its common stock using the Black-Scholes option pricing model based on historical stock prices over the most recent period commensurate with the estimated expected life of the award. This historical period excludes portions of time when unusual transactions occurred, such as a significant acquisition.
Risk-Free Interest Rate. The Company bases the risk-free interest rate used in the Black-Scholes option pricing model on the implied yield currently available on U.S. Treasury zero-coupon issues with an equivalent remaining term approximately equal to the expected life of the award.
Expected Dividend Yield. Neither the Company nor Digimarc has ever paid any cash dividends on its common stock and the Company does not anticipate paying any cash dividends in the foreseeable future. Consequently, the Company uses an expected dividend yield of zero in the Black-Scholes option pricing model.
Expected Forfeitures. The Company uses relevant historical data to estimate pre-vesting option forfeitures. The Company records stock-based compensation only for those awards that are expected to vest.
F-16
DMRC CORPORATION
(a carved-out business of Digimarc Corporation)
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(in thousands)
5. Stock-Based Compensation (Continued)
A summary of the weighted average assumptions and results for options granted during the periods presented is as follows:
|
Three Months Ended March 31, |
Years Ended December 31, |
||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
2008 |
2007 |
2007 |
2006 |
2005 |
|||||||||||
|
(unaudited) |
|
|
|
||||||||||||
Expected life (in years) | 5.7 | 5.8 | 5.8 | 6.0 | 4.0 | |||||||||||
Expected volatility | 44 | % | 44 | % | 44 | % | 53 | % | 50 | % | ||||||
Risk-free interest rate | 2.5 | % | 4.7 | % | 4.7 | % | 4.7 | % | 4.5 | % | ||||||
Expected dividend yield | 0 | % | 0 | % | 0 | % | 0 | % | 0 | % | ||||||
Expected forfeiture rate | 15 | % | 16 | % | 16 | % | 14 | % | 20 | % | ||||||
Fair value | $ | 3.65 | $ | 4.27 | $ | 4.38 | $ | 3.62 | $ | 2.85 |
Employee Stock Purchase Plans
The Company also recognizes stock-based compensation in connection with Digimarc's 1999 Employee Stock Purchase Plan. The plan, as amended on November 2, 2006, allows employees to purchase shares of Digimarc common stock through payroll deductions of up to 15% of their base compensation during each three-month plan period, up to a maximum deduction of $5.3 for each plan period, not to exceed $21 per year. The three-month plan periods begin December 1, March 1, June 1 and September 1. The price an employee pays for the shares is 85% of the lower of (i) the fair market value of Digimarc common stock at the beginning of the plan period or (ii) the fair market value at the end of the plan period.
Restricted Stock and Market or Performance Based Vesting Shares
The Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors awarded restricted stock shares under Digimarc's 1999 Stock Incentive Plan, as amended, to certain officers, employees and directors. The shares subject to the restricted stock awards vest over a certain period, usually one to four years, following the date of the grant.
The fair value of restricted stock awards granted is based on the fair market value of Digimarc's common stock on the date of the grant (measurement date), and is recognized over the vesting period of the related restricted stock using the straight-line method.
In addition to restricted stock shares that vest over time, the Compensation Committee awarded restricted stock that vests upon satisfaction of either market based or employee performance based conditions under the 1999 Stock Incentive Plan, as amended.
The fair value of restricted stock awards that vest upon the satisfaction of market based conditions is calculated using a Monte Carlo valuation model that results in a discount factor applied to the fair market value of Digimarc's common stock on the date of the grant (measurement date). Compensation cost is recognized over the derived service period, which is shorter than the performance period, using the straight-line method. If the market condition is met prior to completion of the derived service
F-17
DMRC CORPORATION
(a carved-out business of Digimarc Corporation)
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(in thousands)
5. Stock-Based Compensation (Continued)
period, all remaining expense is immediately recognized in the period the awards vest. Expense for market based awards is recognized if the employee completes the derived service period, regardless of whether the market condition is met. If the market condition is not met, the shares will be forfeited.
The fair value of restricted stock awards that vest upon the satisfaction of employee performance conditions is based on the fair market value of Digimarc's common stock on the date of grant (measurement date). Management has determined it is probable that all performance conditions can be achieved; therefore, compensation cost is recognized on a straight line basis over the explicit service period. If the performance condition is satisfied early, all remaining compensation cost will be recognized in the period the condition is satisfied. If the performance vesting condition is not met by the end of the explicit service condition, all previously recognized compensation cost will be reversed and the shares will be forfeited.
Specific terms of the restricted stock awards (including market or performance based vesting share awards) are governed by restricted stock agreements between Digimarc and the award recipients.
Stock-based Compensation Under FAS 123(R)
The following table summarizes stock-based compensation expense related to stock-based awards under SFAS 123(R) for the three-months ended March 31, 2008 and 2007 and the years ended December 31, 2007, 2006, and 2005, which incurred as follows:
|
Three Months Ended March 31, |
Year Ended December 31, |
|||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
2008 |
2007 |
2007 |
2006 |
2005 |
||||||||||
|
(unaudited) |
|
|
|
|||||||||||
Cost of service | $ | 43 | $ | 16 | $ | 102 | $ | 42 | $ | — | |||||
Sales and marketing | 83 | 72 | 287 | 172 | 56 | ||||||||||
Research, development and engineering | 16 | 8 | 47 | 51 | — | ||||||||||
General and administrative | 220 | 184 | 728 | 495 | 147 | ||||||||||
Intellectual property | 15 | 10 | 45 | 30 | — | ||||||||||
Total stock-based compensation | $ | 377 | $ | 290 | $ | 1,209 | $ | 790 | $ | 203 | |||||
F-18
DMRC CORPORATION
(a carved-out business of Digimarc Corporation)
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(in thousands)
6. Trade Accounts Receivable
Trade Accounts Receivable
Trade accounts receivable are recorded at the invoiced amount and do not bear interest. Revenue earned which has not been invoiced as of the balance sheet date, and generally billed the following month, is classified as unbilled trade receivables in the balance sheets.
|
|
Year Ended December, 31 |
|||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Three Months Ended March 31, 2008 |
||||||||||
|
2007 |
2006 |
|||||||||
|
(unaudited) |
|
|
||||||||
Billed trade receivables | $ | 2,714 | $ | 3,236 | $ | 2001 | |||||
Unbilled trade receivables | 562 | 559 | 483 | ||||||||
Subtotal | 3,276 | 3,795 | 2,484 | ||||||||
Allowance for doubtful accounts | (43 | ) | (43 | ) | (43 | ) | |||||
Trade accounts receivable, net | $ | 3,233 | $ | 3,752 | $ | 2,441 | |||||
Unpaid Deferred revenues included in accounts receivable | $ | 1,541 | $ | 2,271 | $ | 961 | |||||
Allowance for doubtful accounts
The allowance for doubtful accounts is the Company's best estimate of the amount of probable credit losses in the Company's existing accounts receivable. The Company determines the allowance based on historical write-off experience and current information. The Company reviews its allowance for doubtful accounts monthly. Account balances are charged off against the allowance after all means of collection have been exhausted and the potential for recovery is considered remote.
Unpaid deferred revenues
The unpaid deferred revenues that are included in accounts receivable are billed in accordance with the provisions of the contracts with the Company's customers.
F-19
DMRC CORPORATION
(a carved-out business of Digimarc Corporation)
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(in thousands)
6. Trade Accounts Receivable (Continued)
Major Customers
Customers who accounted for more than 10% of net accounts receivable, at March 31, 2008, December 31, 2007 and December 31, 2006, respectively were:
|
|
Year Ended December, 31 |
|||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Three Months Ended March 31, 2008 |
||||||
|
2007 |
2006 |
|||||
|
(unaudited) |
|
|
||||
Customer A | 33 | % | 24 | % | 42 | % | |
Customer B | 45 | % | 36 | % | * | ||
Customer C | * | * | 24 | % |
- *
- less than 10%
7. Property and Equipment
Property and Equipment
Property and equipment are stated at cost. Repairs and maintenance are charged to expense when incurred. Depreciation on property and equipment is calculated by the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets, generally two to seven years.
|
|
Year Ended December 31, |
||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Three Months Ended March 31, 2008 |
|||||||||
|
2007 |
2006 |
||||||||
|
(unaudited) |
|
|
|||||||
Office furniture fixture | $ | 1,086 | $ | 1,086 | $ | 1,086 | ||||
Equipment | 3,627 | 3,411 | 3,059 | |||||||
Leasehold improvements | 679 | 679 | 664 | |||||||
5,392 | 5,176 | 4,809 | ||||||||
Less accumulated depreciation and amortization | (4,225 | ) | (3,949 | ) | (3,337 | ) | ||||
$ | 1,167 | $ | 1,227 | $ | 1,472 | |||||
F-20
DMRC CORPORATION
(a carved-out business of Digimarc Corporation)
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(in thousands)
7. Property and Equipment (Continued)
Leases
Future minimum lease payments under non-cancelable operating leases related to rent and office equipment are as follows:
Year ending December 31: |
Operating Leases |
||
---|---|---|---|
2008 | $ | 837 | |
2009 | 856 | ||
2010 | 882 | ||
2011 | 599 | ||
Thereafter | — | ||
Total minimum lease payments | $ | 3,174 | |
Rent expense on the operating leases for the three months ended March 31, 2008 and 2007 and for the years ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005 totaled $185, $185, $742, $742 and $742, respectively.
8. Income Taxes
Provision for Income Taxes. The provision for income taxes reflects withholding tax expense in various foreign jurisdictions. For all historic periods reported in the financial statements, Xxxxxxxx maintained valuation allowances against its net deferred tax assets, including net operating loss carryforwards, because it was more likely than not that the deferred taxes would not be realized. The provision for income taxes included foreign taxes withheld by our customers and paid to foreign jurisdictions on our behalf. The DMRC "carve-out" financial statements indicate cumulative losses through the first three months of 2008. Furthermore, the amounts of cumulative expenses in the financial statements that were not allowed for federal and state income tax purposes were not sufficient enough to result in positive taxable income which would have required the company to record income tax expense. As a result of the above, no Federal and state income tax benefit was recognized for the book losses that were incurred in those periods prior to 2007 and no income tax expense was recognized during the 2007 and 2008 periods as any expense was offset by the benefit of net operating loss carry-forwards. After the spin-off, DMRC Corporation as a separate legal entity, will not benefit from any of the carrryforward tax attributes of Digimarc, including net operating loss carryforwards.
9. Commitments and Contingencies
Certain of the Company's product license and services agreements include an indemnification provision for claims from third parties relating to the Company's intellectual property. Such indemnification provisions are accounted for in accordance with SFAS No. 5, Accounting for Contingencies. To date, there have been no claims made under such indemnification provisions.
The Company is subject from time to time to other legal proceedings and claims arising in the ordinary course of business. Although the ultimate outcome of these matters cannot be determined, management believes that, as of March 31, 2008, the final disposition of these proceedings will not
F-21
DMRC CORPORATION
(a carved-out business of Digimarc Corporation)
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(in thousands)
9. Commitments and Contingencies (Continued)
have a material adverse effect on the financial position, results of operations, or liquidity of the Company. No accrual has been recorded because the amounts are not probable or reasonably estimatable in accordance with SFAS No. 5, Accounting for Contingencies.
10. Quarterly Financial Information (unaudited)
Quarter ended: |
March 31 |
June 30 |
September 30 |
December 31 |
|||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2008 | |||||||||||||
Service revenue | $ | 2,548 | |||||||||||
License and subscription revenue | 2,537 | ||||||||||||
Total revenue | 5,085 | ||||||||||||
Total cost of revenue | 1,408 | ||||||||||||
Gross profit | 3,677 | ||||||||||||
Gross profit percent | 72 | % | |||||||||||
Sales and marketing | 656 | ||||||||||||
Research, development and engineering | 922 | ||||||||||||
General and administrative | 980 | ||||||||||||
Intellectual property | 478 | ||||||||||||
Operating income (loss) | 641 | ||||||||||||
Net income (loss) | 924 | ||||||||||||
2007 |
|||||||||||||
Service revenue | $ | 1,877 | $ | 1,751 | $ | 2,063 | $ | 2,115 | |||||
License and subscription revenue | 1,608 | 1,095 | 1,244 | 1,272 | |||||||||
Total revenue | 3,485 | 2,846 | 3,307 | 3,387 | |||||||||
Total cost of revenue | 950 | 936 | 993 | 1,153 | |||||||||
Gross profit | 2,535 | 1,910 | 2,314 | 2,234 | |||||||||
Gross profit percent | 73 | % | 67 | % | 70 | % | 66 | % | |||||
Sales and marketing | 639 | 667 | 634 | 513 | |||||||||
Research, development and engineering | 729 | 829 | 656 | 698 | |||||||||
General and administrative | 857 | 844 | 797 | 847 | |||||||||
Intellectual property | 431 | 413 | 373 | 376 | |||||||||
Operating income (loss) | (121 | ) | (843 | ) | (146 | ) | (200 | ) | |||||
Net income (loss) | 250 | (518 | ) | 175 | 148 |
F-22
TABLE OF CONTENTS
SUMMARY
RISK FACTORS
THE SPIN-OFF
DIVIDEND POLICY
CAPITALIZATION
SELECTED HISTORICAL FINANCIAL INFORMATION
PRO FORMA FINANCIAL INFORMATION
MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
Contractual Obligations
BUSINESS OF DMRC CORPORATION
MANAGEMENT
DIRECTOR COMPENSATION
COMPENSATION DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS
EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION
OUR RELATIONSHIP WITH DIGIMARC CORPORATION AFTER THE SPIN-OFF
SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT
DESCRIPTION OF OUR CAPITAL STOCK
LIMITATION OF LIABILITY AND INDEMNIFICATION OF DIRECTORS AND OFFICERS
CERTAIN MATERIAL U.S. FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSEQUENCES
WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION
INDEX TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
DMRC CORPORATION (a carved-out business of Digimarc Corporation) BALANCE SHEETS (In thousands)
DMRC CORPORATION (a carved-out business of Digimarc Corporation) STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS (In thousands)
DMRC CORPORATION (a carved-out business of Digimarc Corporation) STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN PARENT'S INVESTMENT (In thousands)
DMRC CORPORATION (a carved-out business of Digimarc Corporation) STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (In thousands)
DMRC CORPORATION (a carved-out business of Digimarc Corporation) NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (in thousands)