Exhibit 1 Joint Filing Agreement Pursuant to Rule 13d-1 This agreement is made pursuant to Rule 13d-1(b)(ii)(J) and Rule 13d-1(k)(1) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the "Act") by and among the parties listed below, each referred to herein...

                                                                       Exhibit 1

                  Joint Filing Agreement Pursuant to Rule 13d-1

This agreement is made pursuant to Rule 13d-1(b)(ii)(J) and Rule 13d-1(k)(1)
under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the "Act") by and among the parties
listed below, each referred to herein as a "Joint Filer." The Joint Filers agree
that a statement of beneficial ownership as required by the Act and the Rules
thereunder may be filed on each of their behalf on Schedule 13G or Schedule 13D,
as appropriate, and that said joint filing may thereafter be amended by further
joint filings. The Joint Filers state that they each satisfy the requirements
for making a joint filing under Rule 13d-1.

Dated: February 12 , 2003

                                          Palisade Capital Management, LLC.


                                          By: /s/ Xxxxxx X. Xxxxxx
                                              ----------------------------------
                                              Name: Xxxxxx X. Xxxxxx
                                              Title: Member


                                          Axe-Houghton Associates, Inc.


                                          By: /s/ Xxxxxx X. Xxxxxx
                                              ----------------------------------
                                              Name: Xxxxxx X. Xxxxxx
                                              Title: President


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