Sub Management Contract between Putnam Investment Management, LLC and Putnam Investments Limited dated February 27, 2014; schedule A dated November 20, 2014 Incorporated by reference to Post Effective Amendment No. 207 to the Registrants Registration...

Sub Management Contract between Xxxxxx Investment Management,
LLC and Xxxxxx Investments Limited dated February 27, 2014;
schedule A dated November 20, 2014 Incorporated by reference to
Post Effective Amendment No.  207 to the Registrants
Registration Statement filed on April 6, 2015.