Joint Filing Agreement

                                    Exhibit 1


                             Joint Filing Agreement


         Pursuant to Rule 13d-1(k)(1)(iii) under the Securities Exchange Act of
1934, as amended, the undersigned agree that the statement to which this Exhibit
is attached is filed on behalf of each of them in the capacities set forth
below.


Dated:  December 24, 2003

                                   THE 1818 MEZZANINE FUND II, L.P.

                                   By:  Xxxxx Brothers Xxxxxxxx & Co.,
                                        General Partner


                                   By:  /s/ Xxxxxxxx X. Xxxxxx
                                        ---------------------------------------
                                        Name:   Xxxxxxxx X. Xxxxxx
                                        Title:  Partner


                                   XXXXX BROTHERS XXXXXXXX & CO.


                                   By:  /s/ Xxxxxxxx X. Xxxxxx
                                        ---------------------------------------
                                        Name:   Xxxxxxxx X. Xxxxxx
                                        Title:  Partner


                                   /s/ T. Xxxxxxx Xxxx
                                   --------------------------------------------
                                   T. Xxxxxxx Xxxx


                                   /s/ Xxxxxxxx X. Xxxxxx
                                   --------------------------------------------
                                   Xxxxxxxx X. Xxxxxx


                                   /s/ Xxxxxx X. Xxxxx
                                   --------------------------------------------
                                   Xxxxxx X. Xxxxx


                                   /s/ Xxxxxx X. Xxxxxx
                                   --------------------------------------------
                                   Xxxxxx X. Xxxxxx