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EXHIBIT 4.1
LOAN AGREEMENT
BETWEEN
AVANIR PHARMACEUTICALS
AND
THE LENDERS SIGNATORY HERETO
LOAN AGREEMENT dated as of November 23, 1999 (the "Agreement"), between
the Lenders signatory hereto (each a "Lender" and together the "Lenders"), and
AVANIR Pharmaceuticals, a corporation organized and existing under the laws of
the State of California (the "Company").
WHEREAS, the parties desire that, upon the terms and subject to the
conditions contained herein, the Company shall borrow from the Lenders, and the
Lenders shall lend to the Company in the aggregate, $1,500,000 in exchange for
Convertible Debentures (as defined below) and Warrants (as defined below) to
purchase shares of the Common Stock (as defined below) as described herein.
WHEREAS, such investments will be made in reliance upon the provisions
of Section 4(2) ("Section 4(2)") and/or 4(6) of the United States Securities Act
of 1933, as amended and/or Regulation D ("Regulation D") and the other rules and
regulations promulgated thereunder (the "Securities Act"), and/or upon such
other exemption from the registration requirements of the Securities Act as may
be available with respect to any or all of the investments in securities to be
made hereunder.
NOW, THEREFORE, the parties hereto agree as follows:
ARTICLE I
CERTAIN DEFINITIONS
Section 1.1. "Capital Shares" shall mean the Common Stock and any shares of any
other class of common stock whether now or hereafter authorized, having the
right to participate in the distribution of earnings and assets of the Company.
Section 1.2. "Capital Shares Equivalents" shall mean any securities, rights, or
obligations that are convertible into or exchangeable for or give any right to
subscribe for any Capital Shares of the Company or any warrants, options or
other rights to subscribe for or purchase Capital Shares or any such convertible
or exchangeable securities.
Section 1.3. "Closing" shall mean the closing of the purchase and sale of the
Convertible Debentures and Warrants pursuant to Section 2.1.
Section 1.4. "Closing Date" shall mean the date on which all conditions to the
Closing have been satisfied (as set forth in Section 2.1 (b) hereto) and the
Closing shall have occurred.
Section 1.5. "Common Stock" shall mean the Company's Class A common stock, no
par value per share.
Section 1.6. "Conversion Shares" shall mean the shares of Common Stock issuable
upon conversion of the Convertible Debentures.
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Section 1.7. "Convertible Debentures" shall mean the Company's 11% Convertible
Debentures in the form of Exhibit A hereto.
Section 1.8. "Damages" shall mean any loss, claim, damage, judgment, penalty,
deficiency, liability, costs and expenses (including, without limitation,
reasonable attorneys' fees and disbursements and reasonable costs and expenses
of expert witnesses and investigation).
Section 1.9. "Effective Date" shall mean the date on which the SEC first
declares effective a Registration Statement registering the resale of the
Registrable Securities as set forth in the Registration Rights Agreement.
Section 1.10. "Escrow Agent" shall have the meaning set forth in the Escrow
Agreement.
Section 1.11. "Escrow Agreement" shall mean the Escrow Agreement in
substantially the form of Exhibit D hereto executed and delivered
contemporaneously with this Agreement.
Section 1.12. "Exchange Act" shall mean the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as
amended, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.
Section 1.13. "Legend" shall mean the legend set forth in Section 9.1.
Section 1.14. "Market Price" on any given date shall mean the lowest five
consecutive Trading Day average closing bid price on the Principal Market (as
reported by Bloomberg L.P.) of the Common Stock during the twenty-two Trading
Day period ending on the Trading Day immediately prior to the date for which the
Market Price is to be determined.
Section 1.15. "Material Adverse Effect" shall mean any effect on the business,
operations, properties, prospects, stock price or financial condition of the
Company that is material and adverse to the Company and its subsidiaries and
affiliates, taken as a whole, and/or any condition, circumstance, or situation
that would prohibit or otherwise interfere with the ability of the Company to
enter into and perform any of its obligations under this Agreement, the
Registration Rights Agreement, the Escrow Agreement, the Convertible Debentures
or the Warrants in any material respect.
Section 1.16. "Outstanding" when used with reference to Capital Shares
(collectively the "Shares"), shall mean, at any date as of which the number of
such Shares is to be determined, all issued and outstanding Shares, and shall
include all such Shares issuable in respect of outstanding scrip or any
certificates representing fractional interests in such Shares; provided,
however, that "Outstanding" shall not mean any such Shares then directly or
indirectly owned or held by or for the account of the Company.
Section 1.17. "Person" shall mean an individual, a corporation, a partnership, a
limited liability company, an association, a trust or other entity or
organization, including a government or political subdivision or an agency or
instrumentality thereof.
Section 1.18. "Principal Market" shall mean the American Stock Exchange, the New
York Stock Exchange, the NASDAQ National Market, or the NASDAQ Small-Cap Market
or the OTC Bulletin Board, whichever is at the time the principal trading
exchange or market for the Common Stock.
Section 1.19. "Purchase Price" shall mean the principal amount of the
Convertible Debentures.
Section 1.20. "Registrable Securities" shall mean the Conversion Shares and the
Warrant Shares until (i) the Registration Statement has been declared effective
by the SEC, and all Conversion Shares and Warrant Shares have been disposed of
pursuant to the Registration Statement, (ii) all Conversion Shares and Warrant
Shares have been sold under circumstances under which all of the applicable
conditions of Rule 144 (or any
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similar provision then in force) under the Securities Act ("Rule 144") are met,
(iii) all Conversion Shares and Warrant Shares have been otherwise transferred
to holders who may trade such shares without restriction under the Securities
Act, and the Company has delivered a new certificate or other evidence of
ownership for such securities not bearing a restrictive legend or (iv) such time
as, in the opinion of counsel to the Company, all Conversion Shares and Warrant
Shares may be sold without any time, volume or manner limitations pursuant to
Rule 144(k) (or any similar provision then in effect) under the Securities Act.
Section 1.21. "Registration Rights Agreement" shall mean the agreement regarding
the filing of the Registration Statement for the resale of the Registrable
Securities, entered into between the Company and the Lenders as of the Closing
Date in the form annexed hereto as Exhibit C.
Section 1.22. "Registration Statement" shall mean a registration statement on
Form S-3 (if use of such form is then available to the Company pursuant to the
rules of the SEC and, if not, on such other form promulgated by the SEC for
which the Company then qualifies and which counsel for the Company shall deem
appropriate, and which form shall be available for the resale by the Lenders of
the Registrable Securities to be registered thereunder in accordance with the
provisions of this Agreement, the Registration Rights Agreement and in
accordance with the intended method of distribution of such securities), for the
registration of the resale by the Lender of the Registrable Securities under the
Securities Act.
Section 1.23. "Regulation D" shall have the meaning set forth in the recitals of
this Agreement.
Section 1.24. "SEC" shall mean the Securities and Exchange Commission.
Section 1.25. "Section 4(2)" and "Section 4(6)" shall have the meanings set
forth in the recitals of this Agreement.
Section 1.26. "Securities Act" shall have the meaning set forth in the recitals
of this Agreement.
Section 1.27. "SEC Documents" shall mean the Company's Annual Report on Form
10-K for the fiscal year ended September 30, 1998 and each report, proxy
statement or registration statement filed by the Company with the SEC pursuant
to the Exchange Act or the Securities Act since the filing of such Annual Report
through the date hereof.
Section 1.28. "Shares" shall have the meaning set forth in Section 1.16.
Section 1.29. "Trading Day" shall mean any day during which the Principal Market
shall be open for business.
Section 1.30. "Warrants" shall mean the Warrants substantially in the form of
Exhibit B to be issued to the Lenders hereunder.
Section 1.31. "Warrant Shares" shall mean all shares of Common Stock or other
securities issued or issuable pursuant to exercise of the Warrants.
ARTICLE II
PURCHASE AND SALE OF CONVERTIBLE DEBENTURES AND WARRANTS
Section 2.1. Investment.
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(a) Upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth herein,
the Company agrees to sell, and the Lenders agree to purchase the Convertible
Debentures together with the Warrants at the Purchase Price on the Closing Date
as follows:
(i) Upon execution and delivery of this Agreement, each
Lender shall deliver to the Escrow Agent immediately
available funds in their proportionate amount of the
Purchase Price as set forth on the signature pages
hereto, and the Company shall deliver the Convertible
Debentures and the Warrants to the Escrow Agent, in each
case to be held by the Escrow Agent pursuant to the
Escrow Agreement.
(ii) Upon satisfaction of the conditions set forth in Section
2.1(b), the Closing ("Closing") shall occur at the
offices of the Escrow Agent at which the Escrow Agent
(x) shall release the Convertible Debentures and the
Warrants to the Lenders and (y) shall release the
Purchase Price (after all fees have been paid as set
forth in the Escrow Agreement), pursuant to the terms of
the Escrow Agreement.
(b) The Closing is subject to the satisfaction or waiver by the
party sought to be benefited thereby of the following conditions:
(i) acceptance and execution by the Company and by the
Lenders, of this Agreement and all Exhibits hereto;
(ii) delivery into escrow by each Lender of immediately
available funds in the amount of the Purchase Price of
the Convertible Debentures and the Warrants, as more
fully set forth in the Escrow Agreement;
(iii) all representations and warranties of the Lenders
contained herein shall remain true and correct as of the
Closing Date (as a condition to the Company's
obligations);
(iv) all representations and warranties of the Company
contained herein shall remain true and correct as of the
Closing Date (as a condition to the Lenders'
obligations);
(v) the Company shall have obtained all permits and
qualifications required by any state for the offer and
sale of the Convertible Debentures and Warrants, or
shall have the availability of exemptions therefrom;
(vi) the sale and issuance of the Convertible Debentures and
the Warrants hereunder, and the proposed issuance by the
Company to the Lenders of the Common Stock underlying
the Convertible Debentures and the Warrants upon the
conversion or exercise thereof shall be legally
permitted by all laws and regulations to which the
Lenders and the Company are subject and there shall be
no ruling, judgment or writ of any court prohibiting the
transactions contemplated by this Agreement;
(vii) delivery of the original fully executed Convertible
Debentures and Warrants certificates to the Escrow
Agent;
(viii) delivery to the Escrow Agent of an opinion of Xxxxx &
XxXxxxxx, counsel to the Company, in the form of Exhibit
E hereto;
(ix) delivery to the Escrow Agent of the Irrevocable
Instructions to Transfer Agent in the form attached
hereto as Exhibit F; and
(x) delivery to the Escrow Agent of the Registration Rights
Agreement.
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Section 2.2. The Warrants. The number of Warrants to be issued shall equal
one-half of (i) the principal amount of the Convertible Debentures issued at
Closing divided by (ii) the [exercise price] on the Trading Day immediately
prior to the Closing Date. The exercise price of such Warrants shall be 115% of
the average of the closing bid prices for the Common Stock on the Principal
Market for the period commencing November 1, 1999 through the Trading Day
immediately prior to the Closing Date. Two-thirds of the Warrants shall be
immediately exercisable upon issuance, and the remaining one-third of each
Lender's Warrants shall only become exercisable if the Convertible Debentures
have not been redeemed in accordance with their terms on or before the 100th day
after the Closing Date; provided, however, that in no event shall the Lender be
entitled to convert any Convertible Debenture or exercise any Warrants, which,
upon giving effect to such conversion and/or exercise, would result in the
issuance by the Company of an aggregate number of shares of Common Stock
totaling more than 19.99% of the shares of Common Stock outstanding immediately
prior to the Closing Date, unless such issuance has been approved by the
shareholders of the Company, as set forth in Section 6.3, or such limitation
does not apply to shares traded on the Principal Market on any date on which
such conversion or exercise becomes at issue.
Section 2.3. Liquidated Damages. The parties hereto acknowledge and agree that
the sums payable pursuant to the Registration Rights Agreement shall constitute
liquidated damages and not penalties. The parties further acknowledge that (a)
the amount of loss or damages likely to be incurred is incapable or is difficult
to precisely estimate, (b) the amounts specified in such sections bear a
reasonable proportion and are not plainly or grossly disproportionate to the
probable loss likely to be incurred by the Lenders in connection with the
failure by the Company to timely cause the registration of the Registrable
Securities and (c) the parties are sophisticated business parties and have been
represented by sophisticated and able legal and financial counsel and negotiated
this Agreement at arm's length.
ARTICLE III
REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF LENDERS
Each Lender, severally and not jointly, represents and warrants to the Company
that:
Section 3.1. Intent. The Lender is entering into this Agreement for its own
account and not with a view to or for sale in connection with any distribution
of the Convertible Debentures, the Warrants, the Conversion Shares or the
Warrant Shares. The Lender has no present arrangement (whether or not legally
binding) at any time to sell the Convertible Debentures, the Warrants, any
Conversion Shares or Warrant Shares to or through any person or entity;
provided, however, that by making the representations herein, the Lender does
not agree to hold such securities for any minimum or other specific term and
reserves the right to dispose of the Conversion Shares and Warrant Shares at any
time in accordance with federal and state securities laws applicable to such
disposition.
Section 3.2. Sophisticated Lender. The Lender is a sophisticated investor (as
described in Rule 506(b)(2)(ii) of Regulation D) and an accredited investor (as
defined in Rule 501 of Regulation D), and Lender has such experience in business
and financial matters that it has the capacity to protect its own interests in
connection with this transaction and is capable of evaluating the merits and
risks of an investment in the Convertible Debentures, the Warrants and the
underlying Common Stock. The Lender acknowledges that an investment in the
Convertible Debentures, the Warrants and the underlying Common Stock is
speculative and involves a high degree of risk.
Section 3.3. Authority. This Agreement and each agreement attached as an Exhibit
hereto which is required to be executed by the Lender has been duly authorized
and validly executed and delivered by the Lender and is a valid and binding
agreement of the Lender enforceable against it in accordance with its
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terms, subject to applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, or similar laws relating
to, or affecting generally the enforcement of, creditors' rights and remedies or
by other equitable principles of general application.
Section 3.4. Not an Affiliate. The Lender is not an officer, director or
"affiliate" (as that term is defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act) of the
Company.
Section 3.5. Absence of Conflicts. The execution and delivery of this Agreement
and each agreement which is attached as an Exhibit hereto and executed by the
Lender in connection herewith, and the consummation of the transactions
contemplated hereby and thereby, and compliance with the requirements hereof and
thereof by the Lender, will not violate any law, rule, regulation, order, writ,
judgment, injunction, decree or award binding on Lender or (a) violate any
provision of any indenture, instrument or agreement to which Lender is a party
or is subject, or by which Lender or any of its assets is bound; (b) conflict
with or constitute a material default thereunder; (c) result in the creation or
imposition of any lien pursuant to the terms of any such indenture, instrument
or agreement, or constitute a breach of any fiduciary duty owed by Lender to any
third party; or (d) require the approval of any third-party (which has not been
obtained) pursuant to any material contract, agreement, instrument, relationship
or legal obligation to which Lender is subject or to which any of its assets,
operations or management may be subject.
Section 3.6. Disclosure; Access to Information. The Lender has received all
documents, records, books and other publicly available information pertaining to
Lender's investment in the Company that have been requested by the Lender. The
Company is subject to the periodic reporting requirements of the Exchange Act,
and the Lender has reviewed copies of all SEC Documents deemed relevant by
Lender.
Section 3.7. Manner of Sale. At no time was Lender presented with or solicited
by or through any leaflet, public promotional meeting, television advertisement
or any other form of general solicitation or advertising.
Section 3.8. Ownership of Common Stock. Except for the Conversion Shares and the
Warrant Shares, each Lender does not, and does not intend to, own beneficially
any shares of Common Stock. Such Lender does not have any intention of changing
or influencing control of the Company. The Lender is not an affiliate of, or
acting in concert with, any other Lender.
ARTICLE IV
REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF THE COMPANY
The Company represents and warrants to the Lenders that, except as set forth on
the Disclosure Schedule prepared by the Company and attached hereto:
Section 4.1. Organization of the Company. The Company is a corporation duly
incorporated and existing in good standing under the laws of the State of
California and has all requisite corporate authority to own its properties and
to carry on its business as now being conducted. The Company does not have any
subsidiaries and does not own more than fifty percent (50%) of or control any
other business entity except as set forth in the SEC Documents. The Company is
duly qualified and is in good standing as a foreign corporation to do business
in every jurisdiction in which the nature of the business conducted or property
owned by it makes such qualification necessary, other than those in which the
failure so to qualify would not have a Material Adverse Effect.
Section 4.2. Authority. (i) The Company has the requisite corporate power and
corporate authority to enter into and perform its obligations under this
Agreement, the Registration Rights Agreement, the Escrow Agreement, and the
Warrants and to issue the Convertible Debentures, the Conversion Shares, the
Warrants and the Warrant Shares pursuant to their respective terms, (ii) the
execution, issuance and delivery of this
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Agreement, the Registration Rights Agreement, the Escrow Agreement, the
Convertible Debentures, the Convertible Debentures and the Warrants by the
Company and the consummation by it of the transactions contemplated hereby have
been duly authorized by all necessary corporate action and no further consent or
authorization of the Company or its Board of Directors or stockholders is
required, and (iii) this Agreement, the Registration Rights Agreement, the
Escrow Agreement, the Convertible Debentures and the Warrants have been duly
executed and delivered by the Company and at the Closing shall constitute valid
and binding obligations of the Company enforceable against the Company in
accordance with their terms, except as such enforceability may be limited by
applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, or similar laws relating to, or affecting
generally the enforcement of, creditors' rights and remedies or by other
equitable principles of general application. The Company has duly and validly
authorized and reserved for issuance shares of Common Stock sufficient in number
for the conversion of the Convertible Debentures and for the exercise of the
Warrants. The Company understands and acknowledges the potentially dilutive
effect to the Common Stock of the issuance of the Conversion Shares. The Company
further acknowledges that its obligation to issue Conversion Shares upon
conversion of the Convertible Debentures and Warrant Shares upon exercise of the
Warrants in accordance with this Agreement and the Convertible Debentures is
absolute and unconditional regardless of the dilutive effect that such issuance
may have on the ownership interests of other stockholders of the Company and
notwithstanding the commencement of any case under 11 U.S.C. Section 101 et seq.
(the "Bankruptcy Code"). The Company shall not seek judicial relief from its
obligations hereunder except pursuant to the Bankruptcy Code. In the event the
Company is a debtor under the Bankruptcy Code, the Company hereby waives to the
fullest extent permitted any rights to relief it may have under 11 U.S.C.
Section 362 in respect of the conversion of the Convertible Debentures and the
exercise of the Warrants. The Company agrees, without cost or expense to the
Lenders, to take or consent to any and all action necessary to effectuate relief
under 11 U.S.C. Section 362.
Section 4.3. Capitalization. The authorized capital stock of the Company
consists of 99,288,000 shares of voting Class A Common Stock, no par value per
share, of which 45,017,063 shares are issued and outstanding as of November 1,
1999, 712,000 shares of voting Class B Common Stock, no par value per share, of
which 440,000 are issued and outstanding as of November 1, 1999, each of which
Class B Common Shares is entitled to five votes per share, and 9,999,500 shares
of preferred stock, no par value per share, of which 1,000,000 have been
designated as Series C Junior Participating, none of which shares are issued and
outstanding as of November 1, 1999 and 500 of which have been designated as
Series D Redeemable Convertible Preferred Stock, none of which shares are issued
and outstanding as of November 1, 1999. Except as set forth in the SEC Documents
and as set forth in the Disclosure Schedule, there are no outstanding Capital
Shares Equivalents nor any agreements or understandings pursuant to which any
Capital Shares Equivalents may become outstanding, other than call rights held
by the former holders of the Series D Redeemable Preferred Stock. Except as set
forth on the Disclosure Schedule, the Company is not a party to any agreement
granting registration or anti-dilution rights to any person with respect to any
of its equity or debt securities. All of the outstanding shares of Common Stock
of the Company have been duly and validly authorized and issued and are fully
paid and non-assessable.
Section 4.4. Common Stock. The Company has registered its Common Stock pursuant
to Section 12(b) or (g) of the Exchange Act and is in full compliance with all
reporting requirements of the Exchange Act, and the Company is in compliance
with all requirements for the continued listing or quotation of its Common
Stock, and such Common Stock is currently listed or quoted on, the Principal
Market. As of the date hereof, the Principal Market is the OTC Bulletin Board
and the Company has not received any notice regarding, and to its knowledge
there is no threat, of the termination or discontinuance of the eligibility of
the Common Stock for such listing.
Section 4.5. SEC Documents. The Company has not provided to the Lenders any
information that, according to applicable law, rule or regulation, should have
been disclosed publicly prior to the date hereof by the Company, but which has
not been so disclosed. As of their respective dates, the SEC Documents
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complied in all material respects with the requirements of the Exchange Act, and
rules and regulations of the SEC promulgated thereunder and the SEC Documents
did not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a
material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the
statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made,
not misleading. The financial statements of the Company included in the SEC
Documents complied in all material respects with applicable accounting
requirements and the published rules and regulations of the SEC or other
applicable rules and regulations with respect thereto at the time of such
inclusion. Such financial statements have been prepared in accordance with
generally accepted accounting principles ("GAAP") applied on a consistent basis
during the periods involved (except (i) as may be otherwise indicated in such
financial statements or the notes thereto or (ii) in the case of unaudited
interim statements, to the extent they exclude footnotes or may be condensed or
summary statements) and fairly present in all material respects the financial
position of the Company as of the dates thereof and the results of operations
and cash flows for the periods then ended (subject, in the case of unaudited
interim statements, to normal year-end audit adjustments). Neither the Company
nor any of its subsidiaries has any material indebtedness, obligations or
liabilities of any kind (whether accrued, absolute, contingent or otherwise, and
whether due or to become due) that would have been required to be reflected in,
reserved against or otherwise described in the financial statements or in the
notes thereto in accordance with GAAP, which was not fully reflected in,
reserved against or otherwise described in the financial statements or the notes
thereto included in the SEC Documents or was not incurred in the ordinary course
of business consistent with the Company's past practices since the last date of
such financial statements.
Section 4.6. Exemption from Registration; Valid Issuances. Subject to the
accuracy of the Lenders' representations in Article III, the sale of the
Convertible Debentures, the Conversion Shares, the Warrants and the Warrant
Shares will not require registration under the Securities Act and/or any
applicable state securities law. When issued and paid for in accordance with the
Warrants and validly converted in accordance with the terms of the Convertible
Debentures, the Conversion Shares and the Warrant Shares will be duly and
validly issued, fully paid, and non-assessable. Except as set forth on the
Disclosure Schedule, neither the sales of the Convertible Debentures, the
Conversion Shares, the Warrants or the Warrant Shares pursuant to, nor the
Company's performance of its obligations under, this Agreement, the Registration
Rights Agreement, the Escrow Agreement, the Convertible Debentures or the
Warrants will (i) result in the creation or imposition by the Company of any
liens, charges, claims or other encumbrances upon the Convertible Debentures,
the Conversion Shares, the Warrants or the Warrant Shares or, except as
contemplated herein, any of the assets of the Company, or (ii) entitle the
holders of Outstanding Capital Shares to preemptive or other rights to subscribe
for or acquire the Capital Shares or other securities of the Company. The
Convertible Debentures, the Conversion Shares, the Warrants and the Warrant
Shares shall not subject the Lenders to personal liability to the Company or its
creditors by reason of the possession thereof.
Section 4.7. No General Solicitation or Advertising in Regard to this
Transaction. Neither the Company nor any of its affiliates nor, to the knowledge
of the Company, any person acting on its or their behalf (i) has conducted or
will conduct any general solicitation (as that term is used in Rule 502(c) of
Regulation D) or general advertising with respect to the sale of the Convertible
Debentures or the Warrants, or (ii) made any offers or sales of any security or
solicited any offers to buy any security under any circumstances that would
require registration of the Convertible Debentures, the Conversion Shares, the
Warrants or the Warrant Shares under the Securities Act.
Section 4.8. No Conflicts. The execution, delivery and performance of this
Agreement by the Company and the consummation by the Company of the transactions
contemplated hereby, including without limitation the issuance of and payment of
interest upon the Convertible Debentures, the Conversion Shares, the Warrants
and the Warrant Shares, do not and will not (i) result in a violation of the
Company's Articles of Incorporation or By-Laws or (ii) conflict with, or
constitute a material default (or an event that with notice or lapse of time or
both would become a default) under, or give to others any rights of termination,
amendment, acceleration or cancellation of, any material agreement, indenture or
instrument, or any "lock-
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up" or similar provision of any underwriting or similar agreement to which the
Company is a party, or (iii) result in a violation of any federal, state or
local law, rule, regulation, order, judgment or decree (including federal and
state securities laws and regulations) applicable to the Company or by which any
material property or asset of the Company is bound or affected, nor is the
Company otherwise in violation of, conflict with or default under any of the
foregoing (except in each case for such conflicts, defaults, terminations,
amendments, accelerations, cancellations and violations as would not have,
individually or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect). The business of
the Company is not being conducted in violation of any law, ordinance or
regulation of any governmental entity, except for possible violations that
either singly or in the aggregate would not have a Material Adverse Effect. The
Company is not required under any Federal, state or local law, rule or
regulation to obtain any consent, authorization or order of, or make any filing
or registration with, any court or governmental agency in order for it to
execute, deliver or perform any of its obligations under this Agreement or issue
and sell the Convertible Debentures or the Warrants in accordance with the terms
hereof (other than any SEC, Principal Market or state securities filings that
may be required to be made by the Company subsequent to Closing, any
registration statement that may be filed pursuant hereto, and any shareholder
approval required by the rules applicable to companies whose common stock trades
on the Principal Market); provided that, for purposes of the representation made
in this sentence, the Company is assuming and relying upon the accuracy of the
relevant representations and agreements of the Lenders herein. Without limiting
the foregoing, upon the Company's amendment of the Rights Agreement (as defined
in Section 6.11) and subject to each Lender's full performance and satisfaction
of the terms and conditions of Sections 3.8 and 5.2 of this Agreement, none of
the transactions contemplated by this Agreement or the conversion of any
Convertible Debentures, at any conversion price, will trigger the issuance of
any Series C Preferred Stock.
Section 4.9. No Material Adverse Change. Since June 30, 1999, no Material
Adverse Effect has occurred or exists with respect to the Company, except as
disclosed in the SEC Documents.
Section 4.10. No Undisclosed Events or Circumstances. Since June 30, 1999, no
event or circumstance has occurred or exists with respect to the Company or its
businesses, properties, prospects, operations or financial condition, that,
under applicable law, rule or regulation, requires public disclosure or
announcement prior to the date hereof by the Company but which has not been so
publicly announced or disclosed in the SEC Documents.
Section 4.11. No Integrated Offering. Other than pursuant to an effective
registration statement under the Securities Act, or pursuant to the issuance or
exercise of employee stock options, or pursuant to its discussion with the
Lenders in connection with the transactions contemplated hereby, the Company has
not issued, offered or sold the Convertible Debentures, the Warrants or any
shares of Common Stock (including for this purpose any securities of the same or
a similar class as the Convertible Debentures, the Warrants or Common Stock, or
any securities convertible into a exchangeable or exercisable for the
Convertible Debentures or Common Stock or any such other securities) within the
six-month period next preceding the date hereof, and the Company shall not
permit any of its directors, officers or affiliates directly or indirectly to
take, any action (including, without limitation, any offering or sale to any
Person of the Convertible Debentures, Warrants or shares of Common Stock), so as
to make unavailable the exemption from Securities Act registration being relied
upon by the Company for the offer and sale to Lenders of the Convertible
Debentures (and the Conversion Shares) or the Warrants (and the Warrant Shares)
as contemplated by this Agreement.
Section 4.12. Litigation and Other Proceedings. Except as disclosed in the SEC
Documents, there are no lawsuits or proceedings pending or, to the knowledge of
the Company, threatened, against the Company or any subsidiary, nor has the
Company received any written or oral notice of any such action, suit, proceeding
or investigation, which could reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse
Effect. Except as set forth in the SEC Documents and the Disclosure Schedule, no
judgment, order, writ, injunction or decree or award
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has been issued by or, to the knowledge of the Company, requested of any court,
arbitrator or governmental agency which could result in a Material Adverse
Effect.
Section 4.13. No Misleading or Untrue Communication. The Company and, to the
knowledge of the Company, any person representing the Company, or any other
person selling or offering to sell the Convertible Debentures or the Warrants in
connection with the transaction contemplated by this Agreement, have not made,
at any time, any oral communication in connection with the offer or sale of the
same which contained any untrue statement of a material fact or omitted to state
any material fact necessary in order to make the statements, in the light of the
circumstances under which they were made, not misleading.
Section 4.14. Material Non-Public Information. The Company has not disclosed to
the Lenders any material non-public information that (i) if disclosed, would
reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect on the price of the
Common Stock or (ii) according to applicable law, rule or regulation, should
have been disclosed publicly by the Company prior to the date hereof but which
has not been so disclosed.
Section 4.15. Insurance. The Company and each subsidiary maintains property and
casualty, general liability, workers' compensation, environmental hazard,
personal injury and other similar types of insurance with financially sound and
reputable insurers that is adequate, consistent with industry standards and the
Company's historical claims experience. The Company has not received notice
from, and has no knowledge of any threat by, any insurer (that has issued any
insurance policy to the Company) that such insurer intends to deny coverage
under or cancel, discontinue or not renew any insurance policy presently in
force.
Section 4.16. Tax Matters.
(a) The Company and each subsidiary have filed all Tax Returns which
they are required to file under applicable laws; all such Tax Returns are true
and accurate in all material respects and have been prepared in compliance with
all applicable laws; the Company has paid all Taxes due and owing by it or any
subsidiary (whether or not such Taxes are required to be shown on a Tax Return)
and has withheld and paid over to the appropriate taxing authorities all Taxes
which it is required to withhold from amounts paid or owing to any employee,
stockholder, creditor or other third parties; and since December 31, 1998, the
charges, accruals and reserves for Taxes with respect to the Company (including
any provisions for deferred income taxes) reflected on the books of the Company
are adequate to cover any Tax liabilities of the Company if its current tax year
were treated as ending on the date hereof.
(b) No claim has been made by a taxing authority in a jurisdiction
where the Company does not file tax returns that the Company or any subsidiary
is or may be subject to taxation by that jurisdiction. There are no foreign,
federal, state or local tax audits or administrative or judicial proceedings
pending or being conducted with respect to the Company or any subsidiary; no
information related to Tax matters has been requested by any foreign, federal,
state or local taxing authority; and, except as disclosed above, no written
notice indicating an intent to open an audit or other review has been received
by the Company or any subsidiary from any foreign, federal, state or local
taxing authority. There are no material unresolved questions or claims
concerning the Company's Tax liability. The Company (A) has not executed or
entered into a closing agreement pursuant to Section 7121 of the Internal
Revenue Code or any predecessor provision thereof or any similar provision of
state, local or foreign law; or (B) has not agreed to or is required to make any
adjustments pursuant to Section 481 (a) of the Internal Revenue Code or any
similar provision of state, local or foreign law by reason of a change in
accounting method initiated by the Company or any of its subsidiaries or has any
knowledge that the IRS has proposed any such adjustment or change in accounting
method, or has any application pending with any taxing authority requesting
permission for any changes in accounting methods that relate to the business or
operations of the Company. The Company has not been a United States real
property holding corporation within the meaning of Section 897(c)(2) of the
Internal Revenue Code during the applicable period specified in Section
897(c)(1)(A)(ii) of the Internal Revenue Code.
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(c) The Company has not made an election under Section 341(f) of the
Internal Revenue Code. The Company is not liable for the Taxes of another person
that is not a subsidiary of the Company under (A) Treas. Reg. Section 1.1502-6
(or comparable provisions of state, local or foreign law), (B) as a transferee
or successor, (C) by contract or indemnity or (D) otherwise. The Company is not
a party to any tax sharing agreement. The Company has not made any payments, is
obligated to make payments or is a party to an agreement that could obligate it
to make any payments that would not be deductible under Section 280G of the
Internal Revenue Code.
(d) For purposes of this Section 4.16:
"IRS" means the United States Internal Revenue Service.
"Tax" or "Taxes" means federal, state, county, local, foreign,
or other income, gross receipts, ad valorem, franchise, profits,
sales or use, transfer, registration, excise, utility,
environmental, communications, real or personal property,
capital stock, license, payroll, wage or other withholding,
employment, social security, severance, stamp, occupation,
alternative or add-on minimum, estimated and other taxes of any
kind whatsoever (including, without limitation, deficiencies,
penalties, additions to tax, and interest attributable thereto)
whether disputed or not.
"Tax Return" means any return, information report or filing with
respect to Taxes, including any schedules attached thereto and
including any amendment thereof.
Section 4.17. Property. Neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries owns any
real property. Each of the Company and its subsidiaries has good and marketable
title to all personal property owned by it, free and clear of all liens,
encumbrances and defects except such as do not materially affect the value of
such property and do not materially interfere with the use made and proposed to
be made of such property by the Company; and to the Company's knowledge any real
property, mineral or water rights, and buildings held under lease by the Company
as tenant are held by it under valid, subsisting and enforceable leases with
such exceptions as are not material and do not interfere with the use made and
intended to be made of such property, mineral or water rights, and buildings by
the Company.
Section 4.18. Intellectual Property. To the Company's knowledge, without
conducting any special investigation, each of the Company and its subsidiaries
owns or possesses adequate and enforceable rights to use all patents, patent
applications, trademarks, trademark applications, trade names, service marks,
copyrights, copyright applications, licenses, know-how (including trade secrets
and other unpatented and/or unpatentable proprietary or confidential
information, systems or procedures) and other similar rights and proprietary
knowledge (collectively, "Intangibles") necessary for the conduct of its
business as now being conducted. To the Company's knowledge, except as disclosed
in the SEC Documents and the Disclosure Schedule neither the Company nor any of
its subsidiaries is infringing upon or in conflict with any right of any other
person with respect to any Intangibles. Except as disclosed in the SEC Documents
and the Disclosure Schedule, no adverse claims have been asserted by any person
to the ownership or use of any Intangibles and the Company has no knowledge of
any basis for such claim.
Section 4.19. Internal Controls and Procedures. The Company maintains books and
records and internal accounting controls which provide reasonable assurance that
(i) all transactions to which the Company or any subsidiary is a party or by
which its properties are bound are executed with management's authorization;
(ii) the recorded accounting of the Company's consolidated assets is compared
with existing assets at regular intervals; (iii) access to the Company's
consolidated assets is permitted only in accordance with management's
authorization; and (iv) all transactions to which the Company or any subsidiary
is a party or by which its properties are bound are recorded as necessary to
permit preparation of the financial statements of the Company in accordance with
U.S. GAAP.
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Section 4.20. Payments and Contributions. Neither the Company, any subsidiary,
nor, to its knowledge, any of its directors, officers or other employees has (i)
used any Company funds for any unlawful contribution, endorsement, gift,
entertainment or other unlawful expense relating to political activity; (ii)
made any direct or indirect unlawful payment of Company funds to any foreign or
domestic government official or employee; (iii) violated or is in violation of
any provision of the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1977, as amended; or (iv)
made any bribe, rebate, payoff, influence payment, kickback or other similar
payment to any person with respect to Company matters.
Section 4.21. No Misrepresentation. The representations and warranties of the
Company contained in this Agreement, any schedule, annex or exhibit hereto and
any agreement, instrument or certificate furnished by the Company to the Lenders
pursuant to this Agreement, do not contain any untrue statement of a material
fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary
to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they
were made, not misleading.
ARTICLE V
COVENANTS OF THE LENDERS
Each Lender, severally and not jointly, covenants with the Company that:
Section 5.1. Compliance with Law. The Lender's trading activities with respect
to shares of the Company's Common Stock will be in compliance with all
applicable state and federal securities laws, rules and regulations and rules
and regulations of the Principal Market on which the Company's Common Stock is
listed.
Section 5.2. Rights Agreement. If any Lender and/or its affiliates acquire
shares of Common Stock such that their aggregate beneficial ownership exceeds
15% of the then-issued and outstanding shares of Common Stock, then such Lender
shall, and shall cause its affiliates to, divest as promptly as practicable a
sufficient number of shares of Common Stock so that such aggregate beneficial
ownership will be below 15% of the then issued and outstanding shares of Common
Stock. The Company acknowledges that it will be impractical for the Lender to
divest such shares in the absence of an effective Registration Statement. Each
Lender agrees that it shall not, nor shall it cause any of its affiliates to,
acquire any shares of Common Stock so long as any principal amount of its
Convertible Debenture remains unredeemed or unconverted or any of its Warrants
remain unexercised.
ARTICLE VI
COVENANTS OF THE COMPANY
Section 6.1. Registration Rights. The Company shall cause the Registration
Rights Agreement to remain in full force and effect in accordance with its terms
and the Company shall comply in all material respects with the terms thereof.
Section 6.2. Reservation of Common Stock. As of the date hereof, the Company has
reserved and the Company shall continue to reserve and keep available at all
times, free of preemptive rights, shares of Common Stock for the purpose of
enabling the Company to issue the Conversion Shares and the Warrant
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Shares pursuant to any conversion of the Convertible Debentures or exercise of
the Warrants. The number of shares so reserved from time to time, as theretofore
increased or reduced as hereinafter provided, may be reduced by the number of
shares actually delivered pursuant to any conversion of the Convertible
Debentures or exercise of the Warrants and the number of shares so reserved
shall be increased or decreased to reflect potential increases or decreases in
the Common Stock that the Company may thereafter be obligated to issue by reason
of adjustments to the Warrants.
Section 6.3. Listing of Common Stock. The Company hereby agrees to maintain the
listing of the Common Stock on a Principal Market, and as soon as reasonably
practicable following the Closing to list the Conversion Shares and the Warrant
Shares on the Principal Market, if required. The Company further agrees, if the
Company applies to have the Common Stock traded on any other Principal Market,
it will include in such application the Conversion Shares and the Warrant
Shares, and will take such other action as is necessary or desirable in the
opinion of the Lenders to cause the Conversion Shares and Warrant Shares to be
listed on such other Principal Market as promptly as possible. The Company will
take all action to continue the listing and trading of its Common Stock on a
Principal Market and will comply in all respects with the Company's reporting,
filing and other obligations under the bylaws or rules of the Principal Market
and shall provide Lenders with copies of any correspondence to or from such
Principal Market which questions or threatens delisting of the Common Stock,
within three (3) Trading Days of the Company's receipt thereof, until the
Lenders have disposed of all of their Registrable Securities. The Company shall
not issue a number of Conversion Shares and Warrant Shares which exceeds 19.99%
of the number of shares of Common Stock issued and outstanding immediately prior
to the Closing Date unless (i) the Company has received the approval of its
shareholders to exceed such limitation on issuance or (ii) such approval is not
required by the rules of the Principal Market. If such approval is required by
the rules of the Principal Market, then the Company shall call a special or
annual meeting of its shareholders to be held within seventy-five (75) days of
the date on which the closing bid price of the Common Stock has been below $0.40
for twenty consecutive Trading Days.
Section 6.4. Exchange Act Registration. The Company will cause its Common Stock
to continue to be registered under Section 12(b) or (g) of the Exchange Act,
will use its best efforts to comply in all respects with its reporting and
filing obligations under the Exchange Act, and will not take any action or file
any document (whether or not permitted by the Exchange Act or the rules
thereunder) to terminate or suspend such registration or to terminate or suspend
its reporting and filing obligations under said Act until the Lenders have
disposed of all of their Registrable Securities.
Section 6.5. Legends. The certificates evidencing the Registrable Securities
shall be free of legends, except as set forth in Article IX.
Section 6.6. Corporate Existence; Conflicting Agreements. The Company will take
all steps necessary to preserve and continue the corporate existence of the
Company. The Company shall not enter into any agreement, the terms of which
agreement would restrict or impair the right or ability of the Company to
perform any of its obligations under this Agreement or any of the other
agreements attached as exhibits hereto or under the Convertible Debentures.
Section 6.7. Consolidation; Merger. The Company shall not, at any time after the
date hereof, effect any merger or consolidation of the Company with or into, or
a transfer of all or substantially all of the assets of the Company to, another
entity (a "Consolidation Event") unless the resulting successor or acquiring
entity (if not the Company) assumes by written instrument or by operation of law
the obligations of the Company to the Lenders pursuant to this Agreement and the
Convertible Debentures.
Section 6.8. Issuance of Convertible Debentures and Warrant Shares. The sale of
the Convertible Debentures and the Warrants and the issuance of the Warrant
Shares pursuant to exercise of the Warrants and the Conversion Shares upon
conversion of the Convertible Debentures shall be made in accordance with
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the provisions and requirements of Section 4(2), 4(6) or Regulation D and any
applicable state securities law. The Company shall make any necessary SEC and
"blue sky" filings required to be made by the Company in connection with the
sale of the Securities to the Lenders as required by all applicable laws, and
shall provide a copy thereof to the Lenders promptly after such filing.
Section 6.9. Limitation on Future Financing. The Company agrees that it will not
enter into any sale of its securities for cash at a discount to the then-current
bid price until the earlier of repayment in full of all of the Convertible
Debentures, or 120 days after the effective date of the Registration Statement
except for any sales (i) pursuant to any presently existing employee benefit
plan which plan has been approved by the Company's stockholders, including any
repricing of existing options, but not below market, (ii) pursuant to any
compensatory plan for a full-time employee or key consultant, (iii) a
non-convertible bridge loan of up to One Million Dollars ($1,000,000), with up
to One Million (1,000,000) stock purchase warrants attached, provided that the
exercise price per share of Common Stock of such warrants shall not be below One
Dollar ($1.00), or (iv) with the prior approval of eighty percent (80%) in
interest of the Lenders, which will not be unreasonably withheld, in connection
with a strategic partnership or other business transaction, the principal
purpose of which is not simply to raise money.
Section 6.10. Pro-Rata Redemption. The Company agrees that if it shall redeem
any of the Convertible Debentures, that it shall make such redemption pro-rata
among all Lenders in proportion their respective initial purchases of such
securities pursuant to this Agreement.
Section 6.11. Rights Agreement. The Company shall, within thirty (30) days of
the Closing Date, amend Section 1.1 of the Rights Agreement, dated March 5, 1999
(the "Rights Agreement"), by and between the Company and American Stock Transfer
& Trust Company, a New York corporation, to exclude each Lender from the
definition of "Acquiring Person", subject to Section 3.8 and 5.2 of this
Agreement.
ARTICLE VII
SURVIVAL; INDEMNIFICATION
Section 7.1. Survival. The representations, warranties and covenants made by
each of the Company and each Lender in this Agreement, the annexes, schedules
and exhibits hereto and in each instrument, agreement and certificate entered
into and delivered by them pursuant to this Agreement, shall survive the Closing
and the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby for a period of
three (3) years from the Closing Date. In the event of a breach or violation of
any of such representations, warranties or covenants, the party to whom such
representations, warranties or covenants have been made shall have all rights
and remedies for such breach or violation available to it under the provisions
of this Agreement, irrespective of any investigation made by or on behalf of
such party on or prior to the Closing Date.
Section 7.2. Indemnity. (a) The Company hereby agrees to indemnify and hold
harmless the Lenders, their respective Affiliates and their respective officers,
directors, partners and members (collectively, the "Lender Indemnitees"), from
and against any and all Damages, and agrees to reimburse the Lender Indemnitees
for all reasonable out-of-pocket expenses (including the reasonable fees and
expenses of legal counsel), in each case promptly as incurred by the Lender
Indemnitees and to the extent arising out of or in connection with:
(i) any misrepresentation, omission of fact or breach of any
of the Company's representations or warranties contained in this
Agreement, the annexes, schedules or exhibits hereto
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or any instrument, agreement or certificate entered into or delivered by
the Company pursuant to this Agreement; or
(ii) any failure by the Company to perform in any material
respect any of its covenants, agreements, undertakings or obligations
set forth in this Agreement, the annexes, schedules or exhibits hereto
or any instrument, agreement or certificate entered into or delivered by
the Company pursuant to this Agreement; or
(iii) any action instituted against the Lenders, or any of
them, by any stockholder of the Company who is not an Affiliate of a
Lender, with respect to any of the transactions contemplated by this
Agreement.
(b) Each Lender, severally and not jointly, hereby agrees to
indemnify and hold harmless the Company, its Affiliates and their respective
officers, directors, partners and members (collectively, the "Company
Indemnitees"), from and against any and all Damages, and agrees to reimburse the
Company Indemnitees for reasonable all out-of-pocket expenses (including the
reasonable fees and expenses of legal counsel), in each case promptly as
incurred by the Company Indemnitees and to the extent arising out of or in
connection with:
(i) any misrepresentation, omission of fact, or breach of
any of the Lender's representations or warranties
contained in this Agreement, the annexes, schedules or
exhibits hereto or any instrument, agreement or
certificate entered into or delivered by the Lender
pursuant to this Agreement; or
(ii) any failure by the Lender to perform in any material
respect any of its covenants, agreements, undertakings
or obligations set forth in this Agreement, the annexes,
schedules or exhibits hereto or any instrument,
agreement or certificate entered into or delivered by
the Lender pursuant to this Agreement.
Section 7.3. Notice. Promptly after receipt by either party hereto seeking
indemnification pursuant to Section 7.2 (an "Indemnified Party") of written
notice of any investigation, claim, proceeding or other action in respect of
which indemnification is being sought (each, a "Claim"), the Indemnified Party
promptly shall notify the party from whom indemnification pursuant to Section
7.2 is being sought (the "Indemnifying Party") of the commencement thereof; but
the omission to so notify the Indemnifying Party shall not relieve it from any
liability that it otherwise may have to the Indemnified Party, except to the
extent that the Indemnifying Party is actually prejudiced by such omission or
delay. In connection with any Claim as to which both the Indemnifying Party and
the Indemnified Party are parties, the Indemnifying Party shall be entitled to
assume the defense thereof. Notwithstanding the assumption of the defense of any
Claim by the Indemnifying Party, the Indemnified Party shall have the right to
employ separate legal counsel and to participate in the defense of such Claim,
and the Indemnifying Party shall bear the reasonable fees, out-of-pocket costs
and expenses of such separate legal counsel to the Indemnified Party if (and
only if): (x) the Indemnifying Party shall have agreed to pay such fees,
out-of-pocket costs and expenses, (y) the Indemnified Party reasonably shall
have concluded that representation of the Indemnified Party and the Indemnifying
Party by the same legal counsel would not be appropriate due to actual or, as
reasonably determined by legal counsel to the Indemnified Party, potentially
differing interests between such parties in the conduct of the defense of such
Claim, or if there may be legal defenses available to the Indemnified Party that
are in addition to or disparate from those available to the Indemnifying Party,
or (z) the Indemnifying Party shall have failed to employ legal counsel
reasonably satisfactory to the Indemnified Party within a reasonable period of
time after notice of the commencement of such Claim. If the Indemnified Party
employs separate legal counsel in circumstances other than as described in
clauses (x), (y) or (z) above, the fees, costs and expenses of such legal
counsel shall be borne exclusively by the Indemnified Party. Except as provided
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above, the Indemnifying Party shall not, in connection with any Claim in the
same jurisdiction, be liable for the fees and expenses of more than one firm of
legal counsel for the Indemnified Party (together with appropriate local
counsel). The Indemnifying Party shall not, without the prior written consent of
the Indemnified Party (which consent shall not unreasonably be withheld), settle
or compromise any Claim or consent to the entry of any judgment that does not
include an unconditional release of the Indemnified Party from all liabilities
with respect to such Claim or judgment.
Section 7.4. Direct Claims. In the event one party hereunder should have a claim
for indemnification that does not involve a claim or demand being asserted by a
third party, the Indemnified Party promptly shall deliver notice of such claim
to the Indemnifying Party. If the Indemnified Party disputes the claim, such
dispute shall be resolved by mutual agreement of the Indemnified Party and the
Indemnifying Party or by binding arbitration conducted in accordance with the
procedures and rules of the American Arbitration Association as set forth in
Article X. Judgment upon any award rendered by any arbitrators may be entered in
any court having competent jurisdiction thereof.
ARTICLE VIII
DUE DILIGENCE REVIEW; NON-DISCLOSURE OF NON-PUBLIC INFORMATION.
Section 8.1. Due Diligence Review. Subject to Section 8.2, the Company shall
make available for inspection and review by the Lenders, advisors to and
representatives of the Lenders (who may or may not be affiliated with the
Lenders and who are reasonably acceptable to the Company), any underwriter
participating in any disposition of the Registrable Securities on behalf of the
Lenders pursuant to the Registration Statement, any such registration statement
or amendment or supplement thereto or any blue sky, Nasdaq or other filing, all
SEC Documents and other filings with the SEC, and all other publicly available
corporate documents and properties of the Company as may be reasonably necessary
for the purpose of such review, and cause the Company's officers, directors and
employees to supply all such publicly available information reasonably requested
by the Lenders or any such representative, advisor or underwriter in connection
with such Registration Statement (including, without limitation, in response to
all questions and other inquiries reasonably made or submitted by any of them),
prior to and from time to time after the filing and effectiveness of the
Registration Statement for the sole purpose of enabling the Lenders and such
representatives, advisors and underwriters and their respective accountants and
attorneys to conduct initial and ongoing due diligence with respect to the
Company and the accuracy of the Registration Statement.
Section 8.2. Non-Disclosure of Non-Public Information.
(a) The Company shall not disclose material non-public information
to the Lenders, advisors to or representatives of the Lenders unless prior to
disclosure of such information the Company identifies such information as being
non-public information and provides the Lenders, such advisors and
representatives with the opportunity to accept or refuse to accept such
non-public information for review. Other than disclosure of any comment letters
received from the SEC staff with respect to the Registration Statement, the
Company may, as a condition to disclosing any non-public information hereunder,
require the Lenders' advisors and representatives to enter into a
confidentiality agreement in form and content reasonably satisfactory to the
Company and the Lenders.
(b) Nothing herein shall require the Company to disclose material
non-public information to the Lenders or their advisors or representatives, and
the Company represents that it does not disseminate material non-public
information to any Lenders who purchase stock in the Company in a public
offering, to money managers or to securities analysts, provided, however, that
notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, the Company will, as
hereinabove provided, promptly notify the advisors and representatives of the
Lenders and, if any, underwriters, of any event or the existence of any
circumstance (without any obligation
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to disclose the specific event or circumstance) of which it becomes aware,
constituting material non-public information (whether or not requested of the
Company specifically or generally during the course of due diligence by such
persons or entities), which, if not disclosed in the prospectus included in the
Registration Statement would cause such prospectus to include a material
misstatement or to omit a material fact required to be stated therein in order
to make the statements, therein in light of the circumstances in which they were
made, not misleading. Nothing contained in this Section 8.2 shall be construed
to mean that such persons or entities other than the Lenders (without the
written consent of the Lenders prior to disclosure of such information as set
forth in Section 8.2(a)) may not obtain non-public information in the course of
conducting due diligence in accordance with the terms of this Agreement and
nothing herein shall prevent any such persons or entities from notifying the
Company of their opinion that based on such due diligence by such persons or
entities, that the Registration Statement contains an untrue statement of a
material fact or omits a material fact required to be stated in the Registration
Statement or necessary to make the statements contained therein, in light of the
circumstances in which they were made, not misleading.
ARTICLE IX
LEGENDS; TRANSFER AGENT INSTRUCTIONS
Section 9.1. Legends. Unless otherwise provided below, each certificate
representing Registrable Securities will bear the following legend or equivalent
(the "Legend"):
THE SECURITIES EVIDENCED BY THIS CERTIFICATE HAVE NOT BEEN REGISTERED UNDER THE
U.S. SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED (THE "SECURITIES ACT"), OR ANY OTHER
APPLICABLE SECURITIES LAWS AND HAVE BEEN ISSUED IN RELIANCE UPON AN EXEMPTION
FROM THE REGISTRATION REQUIREMENTS OF THE SECURITIES ACT AND SUCH OTHER
SECURITIES LAWS. NEITHER THIS SECURITY NOR ANY INTEREST OR PARTICIPATION HEREIN
MAY BE SOLD, ASSIGNED, TRANSFERRED, PLEDGED, ENCUMBERED, OR OTHERWISE DISPOSED
OF, EXCEPT PURSUANT TO AN EFFECTIVE REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE SECURITIES
ACT OR PURSUANT TO A TRANSACTION THAT IS EXEMPT FROM SUCH REGISTRATION.
Section 9.2. Transfer Agent Instructions. Upon the execution and delivery
hereof, the Company is issuing to the transfer agent for its Common Stock (and
to any substitute or replacement transfer agent for its Common Stock upon the
Company's appointment of any such substitute or replacement transfer agent)
instructions substantially in the form of Exhibit F hereto. Such instructions
shall be irrevocable by the Company from and after the date hereof or from and
after the issuance thereof to any such substitute or replacement transfer agent,
as the case may be. The Company shall cause its counsel to provide its transfer
agent with all customary legal opinions necessary to permit the Lenders to
resell their Conversion Shares and Warrant Shares on a timely basis having due
regard for the T+3 certificate delivery rules of the SEC.
Section 9.3. No Other Legend or Stock Transfer Restrictions. Except pursuant to
court order obtained by the SEC or the Principal Market, no legend other than
the one specified in Section 9.1 has been or shall be placed on the share
certificates representing the Registrable Securities and no instructions or
"stop transfer orders," "stock transfer restrictions," or other restrictions
have been or shall be given to the Company's transfer agent with respect
thereto, other than as expressly set forth in this Article IX and Sections 3(g)
and 3(h) of the Registration Rights Agreement.
Section 9.4. Lenders' Compliance. Nothing in this Article shall affect in any
way each Lender's obligations to comply with all applicable securities laws upon
resale of the Common Stock.
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ARTICLE X
CHOICE OF LAW; ARBITRATION
Section 10.1. Governing Law/Arbitration. This Agreement shall be governed by and
construed in accordance with the laws of the State of New York applicable to
contracts made in New York by persons domiciled in New York City and without
regard to its principles of conflicts of laws. Any dispute under this Agreement
shall be submitted to arbitration under the American Arbitration Association
(the "AAA") in New York City, New York, and shall be finally and conclusively
determined by the decision of a board of arbitration consisting of three (3)
members (hereinafter referred to as the "Board of Arbitration") selected
according to the rules governing the AAA. The Board of Arbitration shall meet on
consecutive business days in New York City, New York, and shall reach and render
a decision in writing (concurred in by a majority of the members of the Board of
Arbitration) with respect to the amount, if any, which the losing party is
required to pay to the other party in respect of a claim filed. In connection
with rendering its decisions, the Board of Arbitration shall adopt and follow
the laws of the State of New York unless the matter at issue is the corporation
law of the Company's state of incorporation, in which event the corporation law
of such jurisdiction shall govern such issue. To the extent practical, decisions
of the Board of Arbitration shall be rendered no more than thirty (30) calendar
days following commencement of proceedings with respect thereto. The Board of
Arbitration shall cause its written decision to be delivered to all parties
involved in the dispute. Any decision made by the Board of Arbitration (either
prior to or after the expiration of such thirty (30) calendar day period) shall
be final, binding and conclusive on the parties to the dispute, and entitled to
be enforced to the fullest extent permitted by law and entered in any court of
competent jurisdiction. The Board of Arbitration shall be authorized and is
hereby directed to enter a default judgment against any party failing to
participate in any proceeding hereunder within the time periods set forth in the
AAA rules. The non-prevailing party to any arbitration (as determined by the
Board of Arbitration) shall pay the expenses of the prevailing party, including
reasonable attorneys' fees, in connection with such arbitration. Any party shall
be entitled to obtain injunctive relief from a court in any case where such
relief is available, and the non-prevailing party to any such injunctive
proceeding shall pay the expenses of the prevailing party, including reasonable
attorneys' fees, in connection with such proceeding.
ARTICLE XI
ASSIGNMENT
Section 11.1. Assignment. Neither this Agreement nor any rights of the Lenders
or the Company hereunder may be assigned by either party to any other person.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, (a) the provisions of this Agreement shall inure
to the benefit of, and be enforceable by, any permitted transferee of any of the
Convertible Debentures or Warrants purchased or acquired by any Lender hereunder
with respect to the Convertible Debentures or Warrants held by such person, and
(b) upon the prior written consent of the Company, which consent shall not
unreasonably be withheld or delayed, each Lender's interest in this Agreement
may be assigned at any time, in whole or in part, to any other person or entity
(including any Affiliate of the Lender) who agrees to make the representations
and warranties contained in Article III and who agrees to be bound by the terms
of this Agreement.
ARTICLE XII
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NOTICES
Section 12.1. Notices. All notices, demands, requests, consents, approvals, and
other communications required or permitted hereunder shall be in writing and,
unless otherwise specified herein, shall be (i) hand delivered, (ii) deposited
in the mail, registered or certified, return receipt requested, postage prepaid,
(iii) delivered by reputable air courier service with charges prepaid, or (iv)
transmitted by facsimile, addressed as set forth below or to such other address
as such party shall have specified most recently by written notice. Any notice
or other communication required or permitted to be given hereunder shall be
deemed effective (a) upon hand delivery or delivery by facsimile, with accurate
confirmation generated by the transmitting facsimile machine, at the address or
number designated below (if delivered on a business day during normal business
hours where such notice is to be received), or the first business day following
such delivery (if delivered other than on a business day during normal business
hours where such notice is to be received) or (b) on the first business day
following the date of sending by reputable courier service, fully prepaid,
addressed to such address, or (c) upon actual receipt of such mailing, if
mailed. The addresses for such communications shall be as set forth in the
Escrow Agreement. Either party hereto may from time to time change its address
or facsimile number for notices under this Section 12.1 by giving written notice
of such changed address or facsimile number to the other party hereto as
provided in this Section 12.1.
ARTICLE XIII
MISCELLANEOUS
Section 13.1. Counterparts/ Facsimile/ Amendments. This Agreement may be
executed in multiple counterparts, each of which may be executed by less than
all of the parties and shall be deemed to be an original instrument which shall
be enforceable against the parties actually executing such counterparts and all
of which together shall constitute one and the same instrument. Except as
otherwise stated herein, in lieu of the original documents, a facsimile
transmission or copy of the original documents shall be as effective and
enforceable as the original. This Agreement may be amended only by a writing
executed by all parties.
Section 13.2. Entire Agreement. This Agreement, the agreements attached as
Exhibits hereto, which include, but are not limited to the Convertible
Debentures, the Warrants, the Escrow Agreement, and the Registration Rights
Agreement, set forth the entire agreement and understanding of the parties
relating to the subject matter hereof and supersedes all prior and
contemporaneous agreements, negotiations and understandings between the parties,
both oral and written relating to the subject matter hereof. The terms and
conditions of all Exhibits to this Agreement are incorporated herein by this
reference and shall constitute part of this Agreement as is fully set forth
herein.
Section 13.3. Severability. In the event that any provision of this Agreement
becomes or is declared by a court of competent jurisdiction to be illegal,
unenforceable or void, this Agreement shall continue in full force and effect
without said provision; provided that such severability shall be ineffective if
it materially changes the economic benefit of this Agreement to any party.
Section 13.4. Headings. The headings used in this Agreement are used for
convenience only and are not to be considered in construing or interpreting this
Agreement.
Section 13.5. Number and Gender. There may be one or more Lenders parties to
this Agreement, which Lenders may be natural persons or entities. All references
to plural Lenders shall apply equally to a single Lender if there is only one
Lender, and all references to a Lender as "it" shall apply equally to a natural
person.
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Section 13.6. Reporting Entity for the Common Stock. The reporting entity relied
upon for the determination of the trading price or trading volume of the Common
Stock on any given Trading Day for the purposes of this Agreement shall be
Bloomberg, L.P. or any successor thereto. The written mutual consent of the
Lenders and the Company shall be required to employ any other reporting entity.
Section 13.7. Replacement of Certificates. Upon (i) receipt of evidence
reasonably satisfactory to the Company of the loss, theft, destruction or
mutilation of a certificate representing the Convertible Debentures or any
Conversion Shares or Warrants or any Warrant Shares and (ii) in the case of any
such loss, theft or destruction of such certificate, upon delivery of an
indemnity agreement or security reasonably satisfactory in form to the Company
(which shall not include the posting of any bond) or (iii) in the case of any
such mutilation, on surrender and cancellation of such certificate, the Company
at its expense will execute and deliver, in lieu thereof, a new certificate of
like tenor.
Section 13.8. Fees and Expenses. Each of the Company and the Lenders agrees to
pay its own expenses incident to the performance of its obligations hereunder,
except that the Company shall pay the fees, expenses and disbursements of
counsel to the Lenders, in an amount equal to $10,000, all as set forth in the
Escrow Agreement.
Section 13.9. Finder's and Broker's Fees. Each of the parties hereto represents
that it has had no dealings in connection with this transaction with any finder
or broker who will demand payment of any fee or commission from the other party
except for the finder described in the Escrow Agreement, whose fee shall be paid
by the Company. The Company on the one hand, and the Lenders, on the other hand,
agree to indemnify the other against and hold the other harmless from any and
all liabilities to any person claiming brokerage commissions or finder's fees on
account of services purported to have been rendered on behalf of the
indemnifying party in connection with this Agreement or the transactions
contemplated hereby.
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Section 13.10. Publicity. Except as may be required by applicable securities
laws, the Company agrees that it will not issue any press release or other
public announcement of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement without
the prior consent of the Lenders, which shall not be unreasonably withheld nor
delayed by more than two (2) Trading Days from their receipt of such proposed
release. No release shall name the Lenders without their express consent.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Loan Agreement
to be executed by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, as of the date
first set forth above.
AVANIR PHARMACEUTICALS
By: /s/ Xxxxxxx X. Xxxxxx
-------------------------------------
Name: Xxxxxxx X. Xxxxxx
Chief Financial Officer
Amount subscribed for: $750,000 Lender: AMRO International, S.A.
By: /s/ X. X. Xxxxxxxx
-------------------------------------
Name: X. X. Xxxxxxxx
Director
Amount subscribed for: $750,000 Lender: The Endeavour Capital Fund, S.A.
By: Endeavour Management, Inc.
By: /s/ Xxxxxx Xxxxxxxxx
-------------------------------------
Name: Xxxxxx Xxxxxxxxx
Authorized Signatory
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