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Exhibit (b)
BY-LAWS
OF
TARGET FUNDS
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
ARTICLE I - AGREEMENT AND DECLARATION OF TRUST 1
Section 1 Agreement and Declaration
of Trust 1
Section 2 Definitions 1
ARTICLE II - OFFICES 1
Section 1 Principal Office 1
Section 2 Registered Office and Other Office 1
ARTICLE III - SHAREHOLDERS 1
Section 1 Meetings 1
Section 2 Notice of Meetings 2
Section 3 Record Date for Meetings 2
Section 4 Proxies 2
Section 5 Inspection of Books 3
Section 6 Action without Meeting 3
Section 7 Application of this Article 3
ARTICLE IV - TRUSTEES 4
Section 1 Meetings of the Trustees 4
Section 2 Quorum and ▇▇▇▇▇▇ of Acting 4
ARTICLE V - COMMITTEES 5
Section 1 Executive and Other Committees 5
Section 2 Meetings, Quorum and ▇▇▇▇▇▇ of Acting 5
ARTICLE VI - OFFICERS 6
Section 1 General Provisions 6
Section 2 Term of Office and Qualifications 6
Section 3 Removal 6
Section 4 Powers and Duties of the Chairman 6
Section 5 Powers and Duties of the President 6
Section 6 Powers and Duties of the Vice
President 7
Section 7 Powers and Duties of the Treasurer 7
Section 8 Powers and Duties of the Secretary 7
Section 9 Powers and Duties of Assistant
Treasurers 8
Section 10 Powers and Duties of Assistant
Secretaries 8
Section 11 Compensation of Officers and
Trustees 8
ARTICLE VII - FISCAL YEAR 8
ARTICLE VIII - SEAL 8
ARTICLE IX - WAIVERS OF NOTICE 9
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ARTICLE X - CUSTODY OF SECURITIES 9
Section 1 Employment of a Custodian 9
Section 2 Action upon Termination of Custodian Agreement 9
Section 3 Provisions of Custodian Contract 9
Section 4 Central Certificate System 10
ARTICLE XI - INDEMNIFICATION OF TRUSTEES, OFFICERS, EMPLOYEES AND
OTHER AGENTS 11
Section 1 Agents, Proceedings, Expenses 11
Section 2 Indemnification 11
Section 3 Limitations, Settlements 11
Section 4 Insurance, Rights Not
Exclusive 12
Section 5 Advance of Expenses 12
Section 6 Fiduciaries of Employee
Benefit Plan 12
ARTICLE XII - AMENDMENTS 13
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BY-LAWS
OF
TARGET FUNDS
ARTICLE I
Agreement and Declaration of Trust
Section 1. Agreement and Declaration of Trust. These By-Laws shall be
subject to the Agreement and Declaration of Trust, as from time to time amended,
supplemented or restated (the "Declaration of Trust") of Target Funds (the
"Trust").
Section 2. Definitions. Unless otherwise defined herein, the terms used
herein have the respective meanings given them in the Declaration of Trust.
ARTICLE II
Offices
Section 1. Principal Office. The principal office of the Trust shall be
located in the City of Newark, State of New Jersey, or such other location as
the Trustees may from time to time determine.
Section 2. Registered Office and Other Offices. The registered office
of the Trust shall be located in the City of Wilmington, State of Delaware or
such other location within the State of Delaware as the Trustees may from time
to time determine. The Trust may establish and maintain such other offices and
places of business as the Trustees may from time to time determine.
ARTICLE III
Shareholders
Section 1. Meetings. Meetings of the Shareholders shall be held at the
principal executive offices of the Trust or at such other place within the
United States of America as the Trustees shall designate. Meetings of the
Shareholders shall be called by the Secretary whenever (i) ordered by the
Trustees or (ii) for the purpose of voting on the removal of any Trustee,
requested in writing by Shareholders holding at least ten percent (10%) of the
outstanding Shares entitled to vote. If the Secretary, when so ordered or
requested, refuses or neglects for more than 10 days to call such meetings, the
Trustees or the Shareholders so requesting, may, in the name of the Secretary,
call the meeting by giving notice thereof in the manner required when notice is
given by the Secretary.
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Section 2. Notice of Meetings. Except as otherwise herein provided,
notice of all meetings of the Shareholders, stating the time, place and purposes
of the meeting, shall be given by the Secretary by delivering or mailing,
postage prepaid, to each Shareholder entitled to vote at said meeting at his or
her address as recorded on the register of the Trust at least ten (10) days and
not more than ninety (90) days before the meeting. Only the business stated in
the notice of the meeting shall be considered at such meeting. Notice of
adjournment of a Shareholders' meeting to another time or place need not be
given, if such time and place are announced at the meeting and the adjourned
meeting is held within a reasonable time after the date set for the original
meeting. No notice need be given to any Shareholder who shall have failed to
inform the Trust of his or her current address or if a written waiver of notice,
executed before or after the meeting by the Shareholder or his or her attorney
thereunto authorized, is filed with the records of the meeting.
Section 3. Record Date for Meetings. For the purpose of determining the
Shareholders who are entitled to notice of and to vote at any meeting, the
Trustees may from time to time close the transfer books for such period, not
exceeding thirty (30) days, as the Trustees may determine; or without closing
the transfer books the Trustees may fix a date not more than ninety (90) days
prior to the date of any meeting of Shareholders as a record date for the
determination of the persons to be treated as Shareholders of record for such
purpose.
Section 4. Proxies. At any meeting of Shareholders, any holder of
Shares entitled to vote thereat may vote either in person or by written proxy
signed by the Shareholder, provided that no proxy shall be voted at any meeting
unless it shall have been placed on file with the Secretary, or with such other
officer or agent of the Trust as the Secretary may direct, for verification
prior to the time at which such vote shall be taken; provided, however, that
notwithstanding any other provision of this Section 4 to the contrary, the
Trustees may at any time adopt one or more electronic, telecommunication,
telephonic, computerized or other alternatives to execution of a written
instrument that will enable holders of Shares entitled to vote at any meeting to
appoint a proxy to vote such holders' Shares at such meeting. Proxies may be
solicited in the name of one or more Trustees or one or more of the officers of
the Trust. Only Shareholders of record shall be entitled to vote. When any Share
is held jointly by several persons, any one of them may vote at any meeting in
person or by proxy in respect of such Share, but if more than one of them shall
be present at such
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meeting in person or by proxy, and such joint owners or their proxies so present
disagree as to any vote to be cast, such vote shall not be received in respect
of such Share. A proxy purporting to be executed by or on behalf of a
Shareholder shall be deemed valid unless challenged at or prior to its exercise,
and the burden of proving invalidity shall rest on the challenger. If the holder
of any such Share is a minor or a person of unsound mind, and subject to
guardianship or the legal control of any other person as regards the charge or
management of such Share, he or she may vote by his or her guardian or such
other person appointed or having such control, and such vote may be given in
person or by proxy. At all meetings of the Shareholders, unless the voting is
conducted by inspectors, all questions relating to the qualifications of voters,
the validity of proxies, and the acceptance or rejection of votes shall be
decided by the chairman of the meeting. Except as otherwise provided herein or
in the Declaration of Trust, all matters relating to the giving, voting or
validity of proxies shall be governed by the General Corporation Law of the
State of Delaware relating to proxies, and judicial interpretations thereunder,
as if the Trust were a Delaware corporation and the Shareholders were
shareholders of a Delaware corporation.
Section 5. Inspection of Books. The Trustees shall from time to time
determine whether and to what extent, and at what times and places, and under
what conditions and regulations the accounts and books of the Trust or any of
them shall be open to the inspection of the Shareholders; and no Shareholder
shall have any right to inspect any account or book or document of the Trust
except as conferred by law or otherwise by the Trustees or by resolution of the
Shareholders.
Section 6. Action Without Meeting. Any action that may be taken at any
meeting of Shareholders may be taken without a meeting and without prior notice
if a consent in writing setting forth the action so taken is signed by the
holders of outstanding Shares having not less than the minimum number of votes
that would be necessary to authorize or take that action at a meeting at which
all Shares entitled to vote on that action were present and voted. All such
consents shall be filed with the records of Shareholder meetings. Such consents
shall be treated for all purposes as a vote taken at a meeting of Shareholders.
Section 7. Application of this Article. Meetings of Shareholders shall
consist of Shareholders of any Series (or Class thereof) or of all Shareholders,
as determined pursuant to the Declaration of Trust, and this Article shall be
construed accordingly.
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ARTICLE IV
Trustees
Section 1. Meetings of the Trustees. The Trustees may in their
discretion provide for regular or stated meetings of the Trustees. Notice of
regular or stated meetings need not be given. Meetings of the Trustees other
than regular or stated meetings shall be held whenever called by the Chairman,
the President, or by any two of the Trustees, at the time being in office.
Notice of the time and place of each meeting other than regular or stated
meetings shall be given by the Secretary or an Assistant Secretary or by the
officer or Trustees calling the meeting and shall be delivered or mailed,
postage prepaid, to each Trustee at least two days before the meeting, or shall
be telegraphed, cabled, or wired to each Trustee at his or her business address,
or personally delivered to him or her, at least one day before the meeting. Such
notice may, however, be waived by any Trustees. Notice of a meeting need not be
given to any Trustee if a written waiver of notice, executed by him or her
before or after the meeting, is filed with the records of the meeting, or to any
Trustee who attends the meeting without protesting prior thereto or at its
commencement the lack of notice to him or her. A notice or waiver of notice need
not specify the purpose of any meeting. The Trustees may meet by means of a
telephone conference circuit or similar communications equipment by means of
which all persons participating in the meeting are connected, which meeting
shall be deemed to have been held at a place designated by the Trustees at the
meeting. Participation in a telephone conference meeting shall constitute
presence in person at such meeting. Any action required or permitted to be taken
at any meeting of the Trustees may be taken by the Trustees without a meeting if
a majority of the Trustees then in office (or such higher number of Trustees as
would be required to act on the matter under the Declaration of Trust, these
By-Laws or applicable law if a meeting were held) consent to the action in
writing and the written consents are filed with the records of the Trustees'
meetings. Such consents shall be treated for all purposes as a vote taken at a
meeting of the Trustees. Notwithstanding the foregoing, all actions of the
Trustees shall be taken in compliance with the provisions of the Investment
Company Act of 1940, as amended.
Section 2. Quorum and ▇▇▇▇▇▇ of Acting. A majority of the Trustees then
in office shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business. If at any
meeting of the Trustees there shall be less than a quorum present, a majority of
those present may adjourn the meeting from time to time until a quorum shall be
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obtained. Notice of an adjourned meeting need not be given. The act of the
majority of the Trustees present at any meeting at which there is a quorum shall
be the act of the Trustees, except as may be otherwise specifically provided by
law or by the Declaration of Trust or by these By-Laws.
ARTICLE V
Committees
Section 1. Executive and Other Committees. The Trustees by vote of a
majority of all the Trustees may elect from their own number an Executive
Committee to consist of not less than three (3) Trustees to hold office at the
pleasure of the Trustees, which shall have the power to conduct the current and
ordinary business of the Trust while the Trustees are not in session, including
the purchase and sale of securities and the designation of securities to be
delivered upon redemption of Shares of the Trust, and such other powers of the
Trustees as the Trustees may, from time to time, delegate to them except those
powers by law, the Declaration of Trust or these By-Laws they are prohibited
from delegating. The Trustees may also elect from their own number or otherwise
other Committees from time to time, the number composing such Committees, the
powers conferred upon the same (subject to the same limitations as with respect
to the Executive Committee), the terms of membership on such Committees and the
termination or circumstances giving rise to the termination of such Committees
to be determined by the Trustees. The Trustees may designate a chairman of any
such Committee. In the absence of such designation the Committee may elect its
own chairman.
Section 2. Meetings, Quorum and ▇▇▇▇▇▇ of Acting. The Trustees may (1)
provide for stated meetings of any Committees, (2) specify the manner of calling
and notice required for special meeting of any Committee, (3) specify the number
of members of a Committee required to constitute a quorum and the numbers of
members of a Committee required to exercise specified powers delegated to such
Committee, (4) authorize the making of decisions to exercise specified powers by
written assent of the requisite number of members of a Committee without a
meeting, and (5) authorize the members of a Committee to meet by means of a
telephone conference circuit. Each Committee shall keep regular minutes of its
meetings and records of decisions taken without a meeting and cause them to be
recorded in a book designated for that purpose and kept at the principal
executive offices of the Trust.
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ARTICLE VI
Officers
Section 1. General Provisions. The officers of the Trust shall be a
President, a Treasurer and a Secretary, who shall be elected by the Trustees.
The Trustees may elect or appoint such other officers or agents as the business
of the Trust may require, including a Chairman of the Board ("Chairman"), one or
more Vice Presidents, one or more Assistant Secretaries, and one or more
Assistant Treasurers. The Trustees may delegate to any officer or Committee the
power to appoint any subordinate officers or agents.
Section 2. Term of Office and Qualifications. Except as otherwise
provided by law, the Declaration of Trust or these By-Laws, the President, the
Treasurer and the Secretary, and all other officers shall hold office at the
pleasure of the Trustees. The Secretary and Treasurer may be the same person. A
Vice President and the Treasurer or a Vice President and the Secretary may be
the same person, but the offices of Vice President, Secretary and Treasurer
shall not be held by the same person. The President shall hold no other office,
but may be a Trustee of the Trust. Except as above provided, any two offices may
be held by the same person. The Chairman, if there be one, shall be a Trustee
and may but need not be a Shareholder. Any other officer may be but none need be
a Trustee or Shareholder.
Section 3. Removal. The Trustees, at any regular or special meeting of
the Trustees, may remove any officer with or without cause, by a vote of a
majority of the Trustees then in office. Any officer or agent appointed by an
officer or committee may be removed with or without cause by such appointing
officer or committee.
Section 4. ▇▇▇▇▇▇ and Duties of the Chairman. The Chairman, if such an
officer is elected, shall if present preside at meetings of the Shareholders and
the Trustees, shall be the chief executive officer of the Trust and shall,
subject to the control of the Trustees, have general supervision, direction and
control of the business and the officers of the Trust and exercise and perform
such other powers and duties as may be from time to time assigned to him by the
Trustees or prescribed by the Declaration of Trust or these By-Laws.
Section 5. ▇▇▇▇▇▇ and Duties of the President. Subject to the powers of
the Chairman, if there be such an officer, the President shall be the principal
executive officer of the Trust. He or she may call meetings of the Trustees and
of any Committee thereof when he or she deems it necessary and, in the
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absence of the Chairman, shall preside at all meetings of the Shareholders and
the Trustees. Subject to the control of the Trustees, the Chairman and any
Committees of the Trustees, within their respective spheres, as provided by the
Trustees, the President shall at all times exercise a general supervision and
direction over the affairs of the Trust. The President shall have the power to
employ attorneys, accountants and other advisers and agents for the Trust and to
employ such subordinate officers, agents, clerks and employees as he or she may
find necessary to transact the business of the Trust. He or she shall also have
the power to grant, issue, execute or sign such powers of attorney, proxies or
other documents as may be deemed advisable or necessary in furtherance of the
interests of the Trust. The President shall have such other powers and duties as
from time to time may be conferred upon or assigned to him or her by the
Trustees.
Section 6. ▇▇▇▇▇▇ and Duties of the Vice President. In the absence or
disability of the President, the Vice President or, if there be more than one
Vice President, any Vice President designated by the Trustees shall perform all
the duties and may exercise any of the powers of the President, subject to the
control of the Trustees. Each Vice President shall perform such other duties as
may be assigned to him or her from time to time by the Trustees or the
President.
Section 7. Powers and Duties of the Treasurer. The Treasurer shall be
the principal financial and accounting officer of the Trust. The Treasurer shall
deliver all funds of the Trust which may come into his or her hands to such
Custodian as the Trustees may employ pursuant to Article X of these By-Laws. He
or she shall render a statement of condition of the finances of the Trust to the
Trustee as often as they shall require the same and he or she shall in general
perform all the duties incident to the office of Treasurer and such other duties
as from time to time may be assigned to him or her by the Trustees. The
Treasurer shall give a bond for the faithful discharge of his or her duties, if
required so to do by the Trustees, in such sum and with such surety or sureties
as the Trustees shall require.
Section 8. ▇▇▇▇▇▇ and Duties of the Secretary. The Secretary shall keep
the minutes of all meetings of the Trustees and of the Shareholders in proper
books provided for that purpose; he or she shall have custody of the seal of the
Trust; he or she shall have charge of the Share transfer books, lists and
records unless the same are in the charge of the Transfer Agent. The Secretary
shall attend to the giving and serving of all notices by the Trust in accordance
with the provisions of these By-Laws and as required by law; and
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subject to these By-Laws, he or she shall in general perform all duties incident
to the office of the Secretary and such other duties as from time to time may be
assigned to him or her by the Trustees.
Section 9. ▇▇▇▇▇▇ and Duties of Assistant Treasurers. In the absence or
disability of the Treasurer, any Assistant Treasurer designated by the Trustees
shall perform all the duties, and may exercise any of the powers, of the
Treasurer. Each Assistant Treasurer shall perform such other duties as from time
to time may be assigned to him or her by the Trustees. Each Assistant Treasurer
shall give a bond for the faithful discharge of his or her duties, if required
so to do by the Trustees, in such sum and with such surety or sureties as the
Trustees shall require.
Section 10. Powers and Duties of Assistant Secretaries. In the absence
or disability of the Secretary, any Assistant Secretary designated by the
Trustees shall perform all the duties, and may exercise any of the powers, of
the Secretary. Each Assistant Secretary shall perform such other duties as from
time to time may be assigned to him or her by the Trustees.
Section 11. Compensation of Officers and Trustees. Subject to any
applicable provisions of the Declaration of Trust, the compensation of the
officers and Trustees shall be fixed from time to time by the Trustees or, in
the case of officers, by any Committee or officer upon whom such power may be
conferred by the Trustees. No officer shall be prevented from receiving such
compensation as such officer by reason of the fact that he or she is also a
Trustee.
ARTICLE VII
Fiscal Year
The fiscal year of the Trust shall end on such date as the Trustees
shall from time to time determine.
ARTICLE VIII
Seal
The Trustees may adopt a seal which shall be in such form and shall
have such inscription thereon as the Trustees may from time to time prescribe.
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ARTICLE IX
Waivers of Notice
Whenever any notice whatever is required to be given by law, the
Declaration of Trust or these By-Laws, a waiver thereof in writing, signed by
the person or persons entitled to said notice, whether before or after the time
stated therein, shall be deemed equivalent thereto. A notice shall be deemed to
have been telegraphed, cabled or wired for the purposes of these By-Laws when it
has been delivered to a representative of any telegraph, cable or wire company
with instructions that it be telegraphed, cabled or wired.
ARTICLE X
Custody of Securities
Section 1. Employment of a Custodian. The Trust shall place and at all
times maintain in the custody of a Custodian (including any sub-custodian for
the Custodian) all funds, securities and similar investments included in the
Trust Property. The Custodian (and any sub-custodian) shall be a bank having not
less than $20,000,000 aggregate capital, surplus and undivided profits and shall
be appointed from time to time by the Trustees, who shall fix its remuneration.
Section 2. Action upon Termination of Custodian Agreement. Upon
termination of a Custodian Agreement or inability of the Custodian to continue
to serve, the Trustees shall promptly appoint a successor custodian, but in the
event that no successor custodian can be found who has the required
qualifications and is willing to serve, the Trustees shall call as promptly as
possible a special meeting of the Shareholders to determine whether the Trust
shall function without a custodian or shall be liquidated. If so directed by a
vote of holders of the majority of the outstanding Shares entitled to vote, the
Custodian shall deliver and pay over all Trust Property held by it as specified
in such vote.
Section 3. Provisions of Custodian Contract. The following provisions
shall apply to the employment of a Custodian and to any contract entered into
with the Custodian so employed: The Trustees shall cause to be delivered to the
Custodian all securities included in the Trust Property or to which the Trust
may become entitled, and shall order the same to be delivered by the Custodian
only in completion of a sale, exchange, transfer, pledge, loan of portfolio
securities to another person, or other disposition thereof, all as the Trustees
may generally or from time to time require or approve or to a successor
Custodian; and
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the Trustees shall cause all funds included in the Trust Property or to which it
may become entitled to be paid to the Custodian, and shall order the same
disbursed only for investment against delivery of the securities acquired
(including securities acquired under a repurchase agreement), or the return of
cash held as collateral for loans of portfolio securities, or in payment of
expenses, including management compensation, and liabilities of the Trust,
including distributions to Shareholders, or to a successor Custodian.
Notwithstanding anything to the contrary to these By-Laws, upon receipt of
proper instructions, which may be standing instructions, the Custodian may
deliver funds in the following cases: In connection with repurchase agreements,
the Custodian shall transmit prior to receipt on behalf of the Trust of any
securities or other property, funds from the Trust's custodian account to a
special custodian approved by the Trustees of the Trust, which funds shall be
used to pay for securities to be purchased by the Trust subject to the Trust's
obligation to sell and the seller's obligation to repurchase such securities (in
such case, the securities shall be held in the custody of the special
custodian); in connection with the Trust's purchase or sale of financial futures
contracts, the Custodian shall transmit, prior to receipt on behalf of the Trust
of any securities or other property, funds from the Trust's custodian account in
order to furnish and to maintain funds with brokers as margin to guarantee the
performance of the Trust's futures obligations in accordance with the applicable
requirements of commodities exchanges and brokers.
Section 4. Central Certificate System. Subject to applicable rules,
regulations and orders adopted by the Commission, the Trustees may direct the
Custodian to deposit all or any part of the securities owned by the Trust in a
system for the central handling of securities established by a national
securities exchange or a national securities association registered with the
Commission under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, or such other person as
may be permitted by the Commission, or otherwise in accordance with the 1940
Act, pursuant to which system all securities of any particular class or series
of any issuer deposited within the system are treated as fungible and may be
transferred or pledged by bookkeeping entry without physical delivery of such
securities, provided that all such deposits shall be subject to withdrawal only
upon the order of the Trust.
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ARTICLE XI
Indemnification of Trustees, Officers,
Employees and Other Agents
Section 1. Agents, Proceedings, Expenses. For the purpose of this
Article, "agent" means any Person who is or was a Trustee, officer, employee or
other agent of the Trust or is or was serving at the request of the Trust as a
trustee, director, officer, employee or agent of another organization in which
the Trust has any interest as a shareholder, creditor or otherwise; "proceeding"
means any threatened, pending or completed claim, action, suit or proceeding,
whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative (including appeals);
and "expenses" includes, without limitation, attorneys' fees, costs, judgments,
amounts paid in settlement, fines, penalties and all other liabilities
whatsoever.
Section 2. Indemnification. Subject to the exceptions and limitations
contained in Section 3 below, the Trust shall indemnify present and former
Trustees, officers, employees and agents of the Trust (each a "Covered Person")
against judgments, fines, settlements and expenses to the fullest extent
authorized, and in the manner permitted, by applicable federal and state law.
The Trust shall advance the expenses of Covered Persons who are parties to any
proceeding to the fullest extent authorized, and in the manner permitted, by
applicable federal and state law. Pursuant and subject to this Article XI,
Section 2, the Trust shall indemnify each Covered Person against, or advance the
expenses of any Covered Person for, the amount of any deductible provided in any
liability insurance policy maintained by the Trust.
Section 3. Limitations, Settlements. No indemnification shall be
provided hereunder to an agent:
(a) who shall have been adjudicated by the court or other body before
which the proceeding was brought to be liable to the Trust or its Shareholders
by reason of willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless
disregard of the duties involved in the conduct of his or her office
(collectively, "disabling conduct"); or
(b) with respect to any proceeding disposed of (whether by settlement,
pursuant to a consent decree or otherwise) without an adjudication by the court
or other body before which the proceeding was brought that such agent was liable
to the Trust or its Shareholders by reason of disabling conduct, unless there
has been a determination that such agent did not engage in disabling conduct:
(i) by the court or other body before which the proceeding was brought;
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(ii) by at least a majority of those Trustees who are neither
Interested Persons of the Trust nor are parties to the proceeding based upon a
review of readily available facts (as opposed to a full trial-type inquiry); or
(iii) by written opinion of independent legal counsel based upon a
review of readily available facts (as opposed to a full trial-type inquiry);
provided, however, that indemnification shall be provided hereunder to an agent
with respect to any proceeding in the event of (1) a final decision on the
merits by the court or other body before which the proceeding was brought that
the agent was not liable by reason of disabling conduct, or (2) the dismissal of
the proceeding by the court or other body before which it was brought for
insufficiency of evidence of any disabling conduct with which such agent has
been charged.
Section 4. Insurance, Rights Not Exclusive. The rights of
indemnification herein provided may be insured against by policies maintained by
the Trust on behalf of any agent, shall be severable, shall not be exclusive of
or affect any other rights to which any agent may now or hereafter be entitled
and shall inure to the benefit of the heirs, executors and administrators of any
agent.
Section 5. Advance of Expenses. Expenses incurred by an agent in
connection with the preparation and presentation of a defense to any proceeding
may be paid by the Trust from time to time prior to final disposition thereof
upon receipt of an undertaking by or on behalf of such agent that such amount
will be paid over by him or her to the Trust if it is ultimately determined that
he or she is not entitled to indemnification under this Article XI; provided,
however, that (a) such agent shall have provided appropriate security for such
undertaking, (b) the Trust is insured against losses arising out of any such
advance payments or (c) either a majority of the Trustees who are neither
Interested Persons of the Trust nor parties to the proceedings, or independent
legal counsel in a written opinion, shall have determined, based upon a review
of readily available facts (as opposed to a trial-type inquiry or full
investigation), that there is reason to believe that such agent will be found
entitled to indemnification under this Article XI.
Section 6. Fiduciaries of Employee Benefit Plan. The Article does not
apply to any proceeding against any Trustee, investment manager or other
fiduciary of an employee benefit plan in that person's capacity as such, even
though that person may also be an agent of this Trust as defined in Section 1 of
this Article. Nothing contained in this Article shall limit any right to
indemnification to which such Trustee,
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investment manager, or other fiduciary may be entitled by contract or otherwise
which shall be enforceable to the extent permitted by applicable law other than
this Article.
ARTICLE XII
Amendments
These By-Laws, or any of them, may be altered, amended or repealed, or
new By-Laws may be adopted by (a) a vote of holders of the majority of the
outstanding Shares entitled to vote or (b) by the Trustees, provided, however,
that no By-law may be amended, adopted or repealed by the Trustees if such
amendment, adoption or repeal is required by applicable law, the Declaration of
Trust or these By-Laws, to be submitted to a vote of the Shareholders.
▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ as of February 29, 2000.
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