EXHIBIT 10.5
PLEDGE AGREEMENT dated as of July 31, 1997, among
CATALYTICA, INC., a Delaware corporation ("Catalytica"),
CATALYTICA PHARMACEUTICALS, INC., a Delaware corporation (the
"Borrower"), each Subsidiary of Catalytica listed on Schedule I
hereto (each such subsidiary individually a "Subsidiary Pledgor"
and collectively, the "Subsidiary Pledgors"; Catalytica, the
Borrower and the Subsidiary Pledgors are referred to collectively
herein as the "Pledgors") and THE CHASE MANHATTAN BANK, a New
York banking corporation ("Chase"), as collateral agent (in such
capacity, the "Collateral Agent") for the Secured Parties (as
defined in the Credit Agreement referred to below).
Reference is made to (a) the Credit Agreement dated as of July 31, 1997 (as
amended, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time, the "Credit
Agreement"), among Catalytica, the Borrower, the lenders from time to time party
thereto (the "Lenders"), Chase, as issuing bank (in such capacity, the "Issuing
Bank"), as administrative agent for the Lenders and Collateral Agent, (b) the
Guarantee Agreement dated as of July 31, 1997 (as amended, supplemented or
otherwise modified from time to time, the "Guarantee Agreement") among each
Subsidiary listed on Schedule I thereto and the Collateral Agent and (c) the
Parent Guarantee Agreement dated as of July 31, 1997 (as amended, supplemented
or otherwise modified from time to time the "Parent Guarantee Agreement")
between Catalytica and the Collateral Agent.
The Lenders have agreed to make Loans to the Borrower and the Issuing Bank
has agreed to issue Letters of Credit for the account of the Borrower, pursuant
to, and upon the terms and subject to the conditions specified in, the Credit
Agreement. The Guarantors have agreed to guarantee, among other things, all the
obligations of the Borrower under the Credit Agreement. The obligations of the
Lenders to make Loans and of the Issuing Bank to issue Letters of Credit are
conditioned upon, among other things, the execution and delivery by the Pledgors
of a Pledge Agreement in the form hereof to secure (a) the due and punctual
payment by the Borrower of (i) the principal of and premium, if any, and
interest (including interest accruing during the pendency of any bankruptcy,
insolvency, receivership or other similar proceeding, regardless of whether
allowed or allowable in such proceeding) on the Loans, when and as due, whether
at maturity, by acceleration, upon one or more dates set for prepayment or
otherwise, (ii) each payment required to be made by the Borrower under the
Credit Agreement in respect of any Letter of Credit, when and as due, including
payments in respect of reimbursement of disbursements, interest thereon and
obligations to provide cash collateral and (iii) all other monetary obligations,
including fees, costs, expenses and indemnities, whether primary, secondary,
direct, contingent, fixed or otherwise (including monetary obligations incurred
during the pendency of any bankruptcy, insolvency, receivership or other similar
proceeding, regardless of whether allowed or allowable in such proceeding), of
the Borrower to the Secured Parties under the Credit Agreement and the other
Loan Documents, (b) the due and punctual performance of all covenants,
agreements, obligations and liabilities of the Borrower under or pursuant to the
Credit Agreement and the other Loan Documents, (c) the due and punctual payment
and performance of all the covenants, agreements, obligations and liabilities of
Catalytica and each Subsidiary Pledgor under or pursuant to the Guarantee
Agreement or the other Loan Documents and (d) the due and punctual payment and
performance of all obligations of the Borrower under each Hedging Agreement
entered into with any counterparty that was a Lender at the time such Hedging
Agreement was entered into (all the
monetary and other obligations referred to in the preceding clauses (a) through
(d) being referred to collectively as the "Obligations"). Capitalized terms used
herein and not defined herein shall have meanings assigned to such terms in the
Credit Agreement.
Accordingly, the Pledgors and the Collateral Agent, on behalf of itself and
each Secured Party (and each of their respective successors or permitted
assigns), hereby agree as follows:
SECTION 1. Pledge. As security for the payment and performance, as the
case may be, in full of the Obligations, each Pledgor hereby transfers, grants,
bargains, sells, conveys, hypothecates, pledges, sets over and delivers unto the
Collateral Agent, its successors and assigns, and hereby grants to the
Collateral Agent, its successors and assigns, for the ratable benefit of the
Secured Parties, a security interest in all of the Pledgor's right, title and
interest in, to and under (a) the shares of capital stock owned by it and listed
on Schedule II hereto and any shares of capital stock of any Subsidiary obtained
in the future by the Pledgor and the certificates representing all such shares
(the "Pledged Stock"); provided that the Pledged Stock shall not include (i)
more than 65% (or such lesser percentage of stock as will not result in the
adverse tax consequences to the Pledgor or any other Subsidiary of Catalytica
(direct or indirect) or to Catalytica) of the issued and outstanding shares of
stock of any Foreign Subsidiary or (ii) to the extent that applicable law
requires that a Subsidiary of the Pledgor issue directors' qualifying shares,
such qualifying shares; (b)(i) the debt securities listed opposite the name of
the Pledgor on Schedule II hereto (but excluding notes evidencing loans and
advances to employees of Catalytica and its subsidiaries as permitted by Section
6.04(h) of the Credit Agreement), (ii) any debt securities in the future issued
to the Pledgor (but excluding notes evidencing loans and advances to employees
of Catalytica and its subsidiaries as permitted by Section 6.04(h) of the Credit
Agreement) and (iii) the promissory notes and any other instruments evidencing
such debt securities (the "Pledged Debt Securities"); (c) all other property
that may be delivered to and held by the Collateral Agent pursuant to the terms
hereof; (d) subject to Section 5, all payments of principal or interest,
dividends, cash, instruments and other property from time to time received,
receivable or otherwise distributed, in respect of, in exchange for or upon the
conversion of the securities referred to in clauses (a) and (b) above; (e)
subject to Section 5, all rights and privileges of the Pledgor with respect to
the securities and other property referred to in clauses (a), (b), (c) and (d)
above (which property does not include Catalytica Combustion's ownership
interest in Genxon Power Systems, LLC); and (f) all proceeds of any of the
foregoing (the items referred to in clauses (a) through (f) above being
collectively referred to as the "Collateral"). Upon delivery to the Collateral
Agent, (a) any stock certificates, notes or other securities now or hereafter
included in the Collateral (the "Pledged Securities") shall be accompanied by
stock powers duly executed in blank or other instruments of transfer
satisfactory to the Collateral Agent and by such other instruments and documents
as the Collateral Agent may reasonably request and (b) all other property
comprising part of the Collateral shall be accompanied by proper instruments of
assignment duly executed by the applicable Pledgor and such other instruments or
documents as the Collateral Agent may reasonably request. Each delivery of
Pledged Securities shall be accompanied by a schedule describing the securities
theretofore and then being pledged hereunder, which schedule shall be attached
hereto as Schedule II and made a part hereof. Each schedule so delivered shall
supersede any prior schedules so delivered.
TO HAVE AND TO HOLD the Collateral, together with all right, title,
interest, powers, privileges and preferences pertaining or incidental thereto,
unto the Collateral Agent, its successors and permitted assigns, for the ratable
benefit of the Secured Parties, forever; subject, however, to the terms,
covenants and conditions hereinafter set forth.
SECTION 2. Delivery of the Collateral. (a) Each Pledgor agrees promptly
to deliver or cause to be delivered to the Collateral Agent any and all Pledged
Securities, and any and all certificates or other instruments or documents
representing the Collateral.
(b) Each Pledgor will cause any Indebtedness for borrowed money owed to the
Pledgor by any person to be evidenced by a duly executed promissory note that is
pledged and delivered to the Collateral Agent pursuant to the terms thereof.
SECTION 3. Representations, Warranties and Covenants. Each Pledgor hereby
represents, warrants and covenants, as to itself and the Collateral pledged by
it hereunder, to and with the Collateral Agent that:
(a) the Pledged Stock represents that percentage as set forth on
Schedule II of the issued and outstanding shares of each class of the
capital stock or other equity interest of the issuer with respect thereto
as of the date of this Agreement;
(b) except for the security interest granted hereunder, the Pledgor
(i) is and will at all times continue to be the direct owner, beneficially
and of record, of the Pledged Securities indicated on Schedule II, (ii)
holds the same free and clear of all Liens (other than Liens permitted by
Section 6.02 of the Credit Agreement), (iii) will make no assign ment,
pledge, hypothecation or transfer of, or create or permit to exist any
security interest in or other Lien on, the Collateral, other than pursuant
hereto and other than the Liens permitted by Section 6.02 of the Credit
Agreement, and (iv) subject to Section 5, will cause any and all
Collateral, whether for value paid by the Pledgor or otherwise, to be
forthwith deposited with the Collateral Agent and pledged or assigned
hereunder;
(c) the Pledgor (i) has the power and authority to pledge the
Collateral in the manner hereby done or contemplated and (ii) will defend
its title or interest thereto or therein against any and all Liens (other
than the Lien created by this Agreement and the Liens permitted by Section
6.02 of the Credit Agreement), however arising, of all persons whomsoever;
(d) no consent of any other person (including stockholders or
creditors of any Pledgor) and no consent or approval of any Governmental
Authority or any securities exchange was or is necessary to the validity of
the pledge effected hereby;
(e) by virtue of the execution and delivery by the Pledgors of this
Agreement, when the Pledged Securities, certificates or other documents
representing or evidencing the Collateral are delivered to the Collateral
Agent in accordance with this Agreement, the Collateral Agent will obtain a
valid and perfected first lien upon and security interest in such Pledged
Securities as security for the payment and performance of the Obligations;
(f) the pledge effected hereby is effective to vest in the Collateral
Agent, on behalf of the Secured Parties, the rights of the Collateral Agent
in the Collateral as set forth herein;
(g) all of the Pledged Stock has been duly authorized and validly
issued and is fully paid and nonassessable;
(h) all information set forth herein relating to the Pledged Stock is
accurate and complete in all material respects as of the date hereof; and
(i) the pledge of the Pledged Stock pursuant to this Agreement does
not violate Regulation G, T, U or X of the Federal Reserve Board or any
successor thereto as of the date hereof.
SECTION 4. Registration in Nominee Name; Denominations. Except to the
extent prohibited by law, the Collateral Agent, on behalf of the Secured
Parties, shall have the right (in its sole and absolute discretion) to hold the
Pledged Securities in its own name as pledgee, the name of its nominee (as
pledgee or as sub-agent) or the name of the Pledgors, endorsed or assigned in
blank or in favor of the Collateral Agent. Each Pledgor will promptly give to
the Collateral Agent copies of any notices or other communications received by
it with respect to Pledged Securities registered in the name of such Pledgor.
The Collateral Agent shall at all times have the right to exchange the
certificates representing Pledged Securities for certificates of smaller or
larger denominations for any purpose consistent with this Agreement.
SECTION 5. Voting Rights; Dividends and Interest, etc. (a) Unless and
until an Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing:
(i) Each Pledgor shall be entitled to exercise any and all voting
and/or other consensual rights and powers inuring to an owner of Pledged
Securities or any part thereof for any purpose consistent with the terms of
this Agreement, the Credit Agreement and the other Loan Documents;
provided, however, that such Pledgor will not be entitled to exercise any
such right if the result thereof could materially and adversely affect the
rights inuring to a holder of the Pledged Securities or the rights and
remedies of any of the Secured Parties under this Agreement or the Credit
Agreement or any other Loan Document or the ability of the Secured Parties
to exercise the same.
(ii) The Collateral Agent shall execute and deliver to each Pledgor,
or cause to be executed and delivered to each Pledgor, all such proxies,
powers of attorney and other instruments as such Pledgor may reasonably
request for the purpose of enabling such Pledgor to exercise the voting
and/or consensual rights and powers it is entitled to exercise pursuant to
subparagraph (i) above and to receive the cash dividends and cash proceeds
it is entitled to receive pursuant to subparagraph (iii) below.
(iii) Each Pledgor shall be entitled to receive and retain any and all
cash dividends, interest and principal and other cash proceeds received
with respect to or paid on the Pledged Securities to the extent and only to
the extent that such cash dividends, interest and principal and cash
proceeds are permitted by, and otherwise paid in accordance with, the terms
and conditions of the Credit Agreement, the other Loan Documents and
applicable laws. All noncash dividends, interest and principal, and all
dividends, interest and principal paid or payable in cash or otherwise in
connection with a partial or total liquidation or dissolution, return of
capital, capital surplus or paid-in surplus, and all other distributions
(other than distributions referred to in the preceding sentence) made on or
in respect of the Pledged Securities, whether paid or payable in cash or
otherwise, whether resulting from a subdivision, combination or
reclassification of the outstanding capital stock of the issuer of any
Pledged Securities or received in exchange for Pledged Securities or any
part thereof, or in redemption thereof, or as a result of any merger,
consolidation, acquisition or other exchange of assets to which such issuer
may be a party
or otherwise, shall be and become part of the Collateral, and upon the
occurrence and during the continuance of an Event of Default, if received
by any Pledgor, shall not be commingled by such Pledgor with any of its
other funds or property but shall be held separate and apart therefrom,
shall be held in trust for the benefit of the Collateral Agent and shall be
forthwith delivered to the Collateral Agent in the same form as so received
(with any necessary endorsement).
(b) Upon the occurrence and during the continuance of an Event of Default,
all rights of any Pledgor to dividends, interest or principal and cash proceeds
that such Pledgor is authorized to receive pursuant to paragraph (a)(iii) above
shall cease, and all such rights shall thereupon become vested in the Collateral
Agent, which shall have the sole and exclusive right and authority to receive
and retain such dividends, interest or principal. All dividends, interest or
principal received by the Pledgor contrary to the provisions of this Section 5
shall be held in trust for the benefit of the Collateral Agent, shall be
segregated from other property or funds of such Pledgor and shall be forthwith
delivered to the Collateral Agent upon demand in the same form as so received
(with any necessary endorsement). Any and all money and other property paid over
to or received by the Collateral Agent pursuant to the provisions of this
paragraph (b) shall be retained by the Collateral Agent in an account to be
established by the Collateral Agent upon receipt of such money or other property
and shall be applied in accordance with the provisions of Section 7. After all
Events of Default have been cured or waived, the Collateral Agent shall, within
five Business Days after all such Events of Default have been cured or waived,
repay to each Pledgor all cash dividends, interest or principal (without
interest), that such Pledgor would otherwise be permitted to retain pursuant to
the terms of paragraph (a)(iii) above and which remain in such account.
(c) Upon the occurrence and during the continuance of an Event of Default,
all rights of any Pledgor to exercise the voting and consensual rights and
powers it is entitled to exercise pursuant to paragraph (a)(i) of this Section
5, and the obligations of the Collateral Agent under paragraph (a)(ii) of this
Section 5, shall cease, and all such rights shall thereupon become vested in the
Collateral Agent, which shall have the sole and exclusive right and authority to
exercise such voting and consensual rights and powers; provided that, unless
otherwise directed by the Required Lenders, the Collateral Agent shall have the
right from time to time following and during the continuance of an Event of
Default to permit the Pledgors to exercise such rights. After all Events of
Default have been cured or waived, such Pledgor will have the right to exercise
the voting and consensual rights and powers that it would otherwise be entitled
to exercise pursuant to the terms of paragraph (a)(i) above.
SECTION 6. Remedies upon Default. Upon the occurrence and during the
continuance of an Event of Default, subject to applicable regulatory and legal
requirements, the Collateral Agent may sell in a commercially reasonable manner
the Collateral, or any part thereof, at public or private sale or at any
broker's board or on any securities exchange, for cash, upon credit or for
future delivery as the Collateral Agent shall deem appropriate. The Collateral
Agent shall be authorized at any such sale (if it deems it advisable to do so)
to restrict the prospective bidders or purchasers to persons who will represent
and agree that they are purchasing the Collateral for their own account for
investment and not with a view to the distribution or sale thereof, and upon
consummation of any such sale the Collateral Agent shall have the right to
assign, transfer and deliver to the purchaser or purchasers thereof the
Collateral so sold. Each such purchaser at any such sale shall hold the
property sold absolutely free from any claim or right on the part of any
Pledgor, and, to the extent permitted by applicable law, the Pledgors hereby
waive all rights of redemption, stay, valuation and appraisal any Pledgor now
has or may at any time in the future have under any rule of law or statute now
existing or hereafter enacted.
The Collateral Agent shall give a Pledgor 10 days' prior written notice
(which each Pledgor agrees is reasonable notice within the meaning of Section 9-
504(3) of the Uniform Commercial Code as in effect in the State of New York or
its equivalent in other jurisdictions) of the Collateral Agent's intention to
make any sale of such Pledgor's Collateral. Such notice, in the case of a
public sale, shall state the time and place for such sale and, in the case of a
sale at a broker's board or on a securities exchange, shall state the board or
exchange at which such sale is to be made and the day on which the Collateral,
or portion thereof, will first be offered for sale at such board or exchange.
Any such public sale shall be held at such time or times within ordinary
business hours and at such place or places as the Collateral Agent may fix and
state in the notice of such sale. At any such sale, the Collateral, or portion
thereof, to be sold may be sold in one lot as an entirety or in separate
parcels, as the Collateral Agent may (in its sole and absolute discretion)
determine. The Collateral Agent shall not be obligated to make any sale of any
Collateral if it shall determine not to do so, regardless of the fact that
notice of sale of such Collateral shall have been given. The Collateral Agent
may, without notice or publication, adjourn any public or private sale or cause
the same to be adjourned from time to time by announcement at the time and place
fixed for sale, and such sale may, without further notice, be made at the time
and place to which the same was so adjourned. In case any sale of all or any
part of the Collateral is made on credit or for future delivery, the Collateral
so sold may be retained by the Collateral Agent until the sale price is paid in
full by the purchaser or purchasers thereof, but the Collateral Agent shall not
incur any liability in case any such purchaser or purchasers shall fail to take
up and pay for the Collateral so sold and, in case of any such failure, such
Collateral may be sold again upon like notice. At any public (or, to the extent
permitted by applicable law, private) sale made pursuant to this Section 6, any
Secured Party may bid for or purchase, free from any right of redemption, stay
or appraisal on the part of any Pledgor (all said rights being also hereby
waived and released), the Collateral or any part thereof offered for sale and
may make payment on account thereof by using any claim then due and payable to
it from such Pledgor as a credit against the purchase price, and it may, upon
compliance with the terms of sale, hold, retain and dispose of such property
without further accountability to such Pledgor therefor. For purposes hereof,
(a) a written agreement to purchase the Collateral or any portion thereof shall
be treated as a sale thereof, (b) the Collateral Agent shall be free to carry
out such sale pursuant to such agreement and (c) such Pledgor shall not be
entitled to the return of the Collateral or any portion thereof subject thereto,
notwithstanding the fact that after the Collateral Agent shall have entered into
such an agreement all Events of Default shall have been remedied and the
Obligations paid in full. As an alternative to exercising the power of sale
herein conferred upon it, the Collateral Agent may proceed by a suit or suits at
law or in equity to foreclose upon the Collateral and to sell the Collateral or
any portion thereof pursuant to a judgment or decree of a court or courts having
competent jurisdiction or pursuant to a proceeding by a court-appointed
receiver. Any sale pursuant to the provisions of this Section 6 shall be deemed
to conform to the commercially reasonable standards as provided in Section 9-
504(3) of the Uniform Commercial Code as in effect in the State of New York or
its equivalent in other jurisdictions.
SECTION 7. Application of Proceeds of Sale. The proceeds of any sale of
Collateral pursuant to Section 6, as well as any Collateral consisting of cash,
shall be applied by the Collateral Agent as follows:
FIRST, to the payment of all costs and expenses incurred by the
Collateral Agent in connection with such sale or otherwise in connection
with this Agreement, any other Loan Document or any of the Obligations,
including all court costs and the reasonable fees and expenses of its
agents and legal counsel, the repayment of all advances made by the
Collateral Agent hereunder or under any other Loan Document on behalf of
any Pledg or and any other costs or expenses reasonably incurred in
connection with the exercise of any right or remedy hereunder or under any
other Loan Document;
SECOND, to the payment in full of the Obligations (the amounts so
applied to be distributed among the Secured Parties pro rata in accordance
with the amounts of the Obligations owed to them on the date of any such
distribution); and
THIRD, to the Pledgors, their successors or assigns, or as a court of
competent jurisdiction may otherwise direct.
The Collateral Agent shall have absolute discretion as to the time of
application of any such proceeds, moneys or balances in accordance with this
Agreement. Upon any sale of the Collateral by the Collateral Agent (including
pursuant to a power of sale granted by statute or under a judicial proceeding),
the receipt of the purchase money by the Collateral Agent or of the officer
making the sale shall be a sufficient discharge to the purchaser or purchasers
of the Collateral so sold and such purchaser or purchasers shall not be
obligated to see to the application of any part of the purchase money paid over
to the Collateral Agent or such officer or be answerable in any way for the
misapplication thereof.
SECTION 8. Reimbursement of Collateral Agent. (a) Each Pledgor agrees to
pay upon demand to the Collateral Agent the amount of any and all reasonable
expenses, including the reasonable fees, other charges and disbursements of its
counsel and of any experts or agents, that the Collateral Agent may incur in
connection with (i) the administration of this Agreement, (ii) the custody or
preservation of, or the sale of, collection from, or other realization upon, any
of the Collateral, (iii) the exercise or enforcement of any of the rights of the
Collateral Agent hereunder or (iv) the failure by such Pledgor to perform or
observe any of the provisions hereof.
(b) Without limitation of its indemnification obligations under the other
Loan Documents, each Pledgor agrees to indemnify the Collateral Agent and the
Indemnitees (as defined in Section 9.03 of the Credit Agreement) against, and
hold each Indemnitee harmless from, any and all losses, claims, damages,
liabilities and related reasonable expenses, including reasonable counsel fees,
other charges and disbursements, incurred by or asserted against any Indemnitee
arising out of, in any way connected with, or as a result of (i) the execution
or delivery of this Agreement or any other Loan Document or any agreement or
instrument contemplated hereby or thereby, the performance by the parties hereto
of their respective obligations thereunder or the consummation of the
Transactions and the other transactions contemplated thereby or (ii) any claim,
litigation, investigation or proceeding relating to any of the foregoing,
whether or not any Indemnitee is a party thereto, provided that such indemnity
shall not, as to any Indemnitee, be available to the extent that such losses,
claims, damages, liabilities or related expenses are determined by a court of
competent jurisdiction by final and nonappealable judgment to have resulted from
the gross negligence or wilful misconduct of such Indemnitee.
(c) Any amounts payable as provided hereunder shall be additional
Obligations secured hereby and by the other Security Documents. The provisions
of this Section 8 shall remain operative and in full force and effect regardless
of the termination of this Agreement, the consummation of the transactions
contemplated hereby, the repayment of any of the Obligations, the invalidity or
unenforceability of any term or provision of this Agreement or any other Loan
Document or any investigation made by or on behalf of the Collateral Agent or
any other Secured Party. All amounts due under this Section 8 shall be payable
on written demand therefor and shall bear interest at the rate specified in
Section 2.12 of the Credit Agreement.
SECTION 9. Collateral Agent Appointed Attorney-in-Fact. Each Pledgor
hereby appoints the Collateral Agent the attorney-in-fact of such Pledgor for
the purpose of carrying out the provisions of this Agreement and taking any
action and executing any instrument that the Collateral Agent may reasonably
deem necessary or advisable to accomplish the purposes hereof, which appointment
is irrevocable and coupled with an interest. Without limiting the generality of
the foregoing, the Collateral Agent shall have the right, upon the occurrence
and during the continuance of an Event of Default, with full power of
substitution either in the Collateral Agent's name or in the name of such
Pledgor, to ask for, demand, xxx for, collect, receive and give acquit tance
for any and all moneys due or to become due under and by virtue of any
Collateral, to endorse checks, drafts, orders and other instruments for the
payment of money payable to the Pledgor representing any interest or dividend or
other distribution payable in respect of the Collat eral or any part thereof or
on account thereof and to give full discharge for the same, to settle,
compromise, prosecute or defend any action, claim or proceeding with respect
thereto, and to sell, assign, endorse, pledge, transfer and to make any
agreement respecting, or otherwise deal with, the same; provided, however, that
nothing herein contained shall be construed as requiring or obligating the
Collateral Agent to make any commitment or to make any inquiry as to the nature
or sufficiency of any payment received by the Collateral Agent, or to present or
file any claim or notice, or to take any action with respect to the Collateral
or any part thereof or the moneys due or to become due in respect thereof or any
property covered thereby. The Collateral Agent and the other Secured Parties
shall be accountable only for amounts actually received as a result of the
exercise of the powers granted to them herein, and neither they nor their
officers, directors, employees or agents shall be responsible to any Pledgor for
any act or failure to act hereunder, except for their own gross negligence or
wilful misconduct.
SECTION 10. Waivers; Amendment. (a) No failure or delay of the
Collateral Agent in exercising any power or right hereunder shall operate as a
waiver thereof, nor shall any single or partial exercise of any such right or
power, or any abandonment or discontinuance of steps to enforce such a right or
power, preclude any other or further exercise thereof or the exercise of any
other right or power. The rights and remedies of the Collateral Agent hereunder
and of the other Secured Parties under the other Loan Documents are cumulative
and are not exclusive of any rights or remedies that they would otherwise have.
No waiver of any provisions of this Agreement or consent to any departure by any
Pledgor therefrom shall in any event be effective unless the same shall be
permitted by paragraph (b) below, and then such waiver or consent shall be
effective only in the specific instance and for the purpose for which given. No
notice or demand on any Pledgor in any case shall entitle such Pledgor to any
other or further notice or demand in similar or other circumstances.
(b) Neither this Agreement nor any provision hereof may be waived, amended
or modified except pursuant to a written agreement entered into between the
Collateral Agent and the
Pledgor or Pledgors with respect to which such waiver, amendment or modification
is to apply, subject to any consent required in accordance with Section 9.02 of
the Credit Agreement.
SECTION 11. Securities Act, etc. In view of the position of the Pledgors
in relation to the Pledged Securities, or because of other current or future
circumstances, a question may arise under the Securities Act of 1933, as now or
hereafter in effect, or any similar statute hereafter enacted analogous in
purpose or effect (such Act and any such similar statute as from time to time in
effect being called the "Federal Securities Laws") with respect to any
disposition of the Pledged Securities permitted hereunder. Each Pledgor
understands that compliance with the Federal Securities Laws might very strictly
limit the course of conduct of the Collateral Agent if the Collateral Agent were
to attempt to dispose of all or any part of the Pledged Securities, and might
also limit the extent to which or the manner in which any subsequent transferee
of any Pledged Securities could dispose of the same. Similarly, there may be
other legal restrictions or limitations affecting the Collateral Agent in any
attempt to dispose of all or part of the Pledged Securities under applicable
Blue Sky or other state securities laws or similar laws analogous in purpose or
effect. Each Pledgor recognizes that in light of such restrictions and
limitations the Collateral Agent may, with respect to any sale of the Pledged
Securities, limit the purchasers to those who will agree, among other things, to
acquire such Pledged Securities for their own account, for investment, and not
with a view to the distribution or resale thereof. Each Pledgor acknowledges
and agrees that in light of such restrictions and limitations, the Collateral
Agent, in its sole and absolute discretion, to the extent permitted by law (a)
may proceed to make such a sale whether or not a registration statement for the
purpose of registering such Pledged Securities or part thereof shall have been
filed under the Federal Securities Laws and (b) may approach and negotiate with
a single potential purchaser to effect such sale. Each Pledgor acknowledges and
agrees that any such sale might result in prices and other terms less favorable
to the seller than if such sale were a public sale without such restrictions.
In the event of any such sale, the Collateral Agent shall incur no
responsibility or liability for selling all or any part of the Pledged
Securities at a price that the Collateral Agent, in its sole and absolute
discretion, may in good xxxxx xxxx reasonable under the circumstances,
notwithstanding the possibility that a substantially higher price might have
been realized if the sale were deferred until after registration as aforesaid or
if more than a single purchaser were approached. The provisions of this Section
11 will apply notwithstanding the existence of a public or private market upon
which the quotations or sales prices may exceed substantially the price at which
the Collateral Agent sells.
SECTION 12. Registration, etc. Each Pledgor agrees that, upon the
occurrence and during the continuance of an Event of Default hereunder, if for
any reason the Collateral Agent desires to sell any of the Pledged Securities of
the Borrower at a public sale, it will, at any time and from time to time, upon
the written request of the Collateral Agent, use its best efforts to take or to
cause the issuer of such Pledged Securities to take such action and prepare,
distribute and/or file such documents, as are required or advisable in the
reasonable opinion of counsel for the Collateral Agent to permit the public sale
of such Pledged Securities. Each Pledgor further agrees to indemnify, defend
and hold harmless the Collateral Agent, each other Secured Party, any
underwriter and their respective officers, directors, affiliates and controlling
persons from and against all loss, liability, expenses, costs of counsel
(including, without limitation, reasonable fees and expenses to the Collateral
Agent of legal counsel), and claims (including the costs of investigation) that
they may incur insofar as such loss, liability, expense or claim arises out of
or is based upon any alleged untrue statement of a material fact contained in
any prospectus (or any amendment or supplement thereto) or in any notification
or offering circular prepared by or based
on information provided by the Pledgor or its agents, employees, consultants or
contractors, or arises out of or is based upon any alleged omission to state a
material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements
in any thereof not misleading, except insofar as the same may have been caused
by any untrue statement or omission based upon information furnished in writing
to such Pledgor or the issuer of such Pledged Securities by the Collateral Agent
or any other Secured Party expressly for use therein. Each Pledgor further
agrees, upon such written request referred to above, to use its best efforts to
qualify, file or register, or cause the issuer of such Pledged Securities to
qualify, file or register, any of the Pledged Securities under the Blue Sky or
other securities laws of such states as may be reasonably requested by the
Collat eral Agent and keep effective, or cause to be kept effective, all such
qualifications, filings or regis trations. Each Pledgor will bear all costs and
expenses of carrying out its obligations under this Section 12. Each Pledgor
acknowledges that there is no adequate remedy at law for failure by it to comply
with the provisions of this Section 12 and that such failure would not be
adequately compensable in damages, and therefore agrees that its agreements
contained in this Section 12 may be specifically enforced.
SECTION 13. Security Interest Absolute. All rights of the Collateral
Agent hereunder, the grant of a security interest in the Collateral and all
obligations of each Pledgor hereunder, shall be absolute and unconditional
irrespective of (a) any lack of validity or enforceability of the Credit
Agreement, any other Loan Document, any agreement with respect to any of the
Obligations or any other agreement or instrument relating to any of the
foregoing, (b) any change in the time, manner or place of payment of, or in any
other term of, all or any of the Obligations, or any other amendment or waiver
of or any consent to any departure from the Credit Agreement, any other Loan
Document or any other agreement or instrument relating to any of the foregoing,
(c) any exchange, release or nonperfection of any other collateral, or any
release or amendment or waiver of or consent to or departure from any guaranty,
for all or any of the Obligations or (d) any other circumstance that might
otherwise constitute a defense available to, or a discharge of, any Pledgor in
respect of the Obligations or in respect of this Agreement (other than the
indefeasible payment in full of all the Obligations).
SECTION 14. Termination or Release. (a) This Agreement and the security
interests granted hereby shall terminate when all the Obligations have been
indefeasibly paid in full and the Lenders have no further commitment to lend
under the Credit Agreement, the L/C Exposure has been reduced to zero and the
Issuing Bank has no further obligation to issue Letters of Credit under the
Credit Agreement.
(b) Upon any sale or other transfer by any Pledgor of any Collateral that
is permitted under the Credit Agreement to any person that is not a Pledgor, or,
upon the effectiveness of any written consent to the release of the security
interest granted hereby in any Collateral pursuant to Section 9.02(b) of the
Credit Agreement, the security interest in such Collateral shall be
automatically released.
(c) Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Agreement, on the
Catalytica Combustion Release Date, the security interest in the Collateral
granted by Catalytica Combustion and each other Grantor that is a subsidiary of
Catalytica Combustion shall automatically be released, and Catalytica Combustion
and such other Grantors shall automatically be released from their obligations
under this Agreement, in each case without any further action by the Collateral
Agent or any other party.
(d) In connection with any termination or release pursuant to paragraph
(a), (b) or (c), the Collateral Agent shall execute and deliver to any Pledgor,
at such Pledgor's expense, all documents that such Pledgor shall reasonably
request to evidence such termination or release. Any execution and delivery of
documents pursuant to this Section 14 shall be without recourse to or warranty
by the Collateral Agent.
SECTION 15. Notices. All communications and notices hereunder shall be in
writing and given as provided in Section 9.01 of the Credit Agreement. All
communications and notices hereunder to any Subsidiary Pledgor shall be given to
it at the address for notices set forth on Schedule I or such other address as
the Subsidiary Pledgor shall specify by delivery of written notice to the
Collateral Agent.
SECTION 16. Further Assurances. Each Pledgor agrees to do such further
acts and things, and to execute and deliver such additional conveyances,
assignments, agreements and instruments, as the Collateral Agent may at any time
reasonably request in connection with the administration and enforcement of this
Agreement or with respect to the Collateral or any part thereof or in order
better to assure and confirm unto the Collateral Agent its rights and remedies
hereunder.
SECTION 17. Binding Effect; Several Agreement; Assignments. Whenever in
this Agreement any of the parties hereto is referred to, such reference shall be
deemed to include the successors and permitted assigns of such party; and all
covenants, promises and agreements by or on behalf of any Pledgor that are
contained in this Agreement shall bind and inure to the benefit of its
successors and permitted assigns. This Agreement shall become effective as to
any Pledgor when a counterpart hereof executed on behalf of such Pledgor shall
have been delivered to the Collateral Agent and a counterpart hereof shall have
been executed on behalf of the Collateral Agent, and thereafter shall be binding
upon such Pledgor and the Collateral Agent and their respective successors and
permitted assigns, and shall inure to the benefit of such Pledgor, the
Collateral Agent and the other Secured Parties, and their respective successors
and permitted assigns, except that no Pledgor shall have the right to assign its
rights hereunder or any interest herein or in the Collateral (and any such
attempted assignment shall be void), except as expressly contemplated by this
Agreement or the other Loan Documents. If all of the capital stock of a Pledgor
is sold, transferred or otherwise disposed of to a person that is not an
Affiliate of the Borrower pursuant to a transaction permitted by Section 6.05 of
the Credit Agreement, such Pledgor shall be released from its obligations under
this Agreement without further action. This Agreement shall be construed as a
separate agreement with respect to each Pledgor and may be amended, modified,
supplemented, waived or released with respect to any Pledgor without the
approval of any other Pledgor and without affecting the obligations of any other
Pledgor hereunder
SECTION 18. Survival of Agreement; Severability. (a) All covenants,
agreements, representations and warranties made by each Pledgor herein and in
the certificates or other instruments prepared or delivered in connection with
or pursuant to this Agreement or any other Loan Document shall be considered to
have been relied upon by the Collateral Agent and the other Secured Parties and
shall survive the making by the Lenders of the Loans and the issuance of the
Letters of Credit by the Issuing Bank, regardless of any investigation made by
the Secured Parties or on their behalf, and shall continue in full force and
effect as long as the principal of or any accrued interest on any Loan or any
other fee or amount payable under this Agreement or any
other Loan Document is outstanding and unpaid or the L/C Exposure does not equal
zero and as long as the Commitments and the L/C Commitments have not been
terminated.
(b) In the event any one or more of the provisions contained in this
Agreement should be held invalid, illegal or unenforceable in any respect, the
validity, legality and enforceability of the remaining provisions contained
herein shall not in any way be affected or impaired thereby (it being understood
that the invalidity of a particular provision in a particular jurisdiction shall
not in and of itself affect the validity of such provision in any other
jurisdiction). The parties shall endeavor in good-faith negotiations to replace
the invalid, illegal or unenforceable provisions with valid provisions the
economic effect of which comes as close as possible to that of the invalid,
illegal or unenforceable provisions.
SECTION 19. Governing Law. THIS AGREEMENT SHALL BE GOVERNED BY, AND
CONSTRUED IN ACCORDANCE WITH, THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK.
SECTION 20. Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in two or more
counterparts, each of which shall constitute an original, but all of which, when
taken together, shall constitute a single contract, and shall become effective
as provided in Section 17. Delivery of an executed counterpart of a signature
page to this Agreement by facsimile transmission shall be as effective as
delivery of a manually executed counterpart of this Agreement.
SECTION 21. Rules of Interpretation. The rules of interpretation
specified in Section 1.03 of the Credit Agreement shall be applicable to this
Agreement. Section headings used herein are for convenience of reference only,
are not part of this Agreement and are not to affect the construction of, or to
be taken into consideration in interpreting this Agreement.
SECTION 22. Jurisdiction; Consent to Service of Process. (a) Each
Pledgor hereby irrevocably and unconditionally submits, for itself and its
property, to the nonexclusive jurisdiction of any New York State court or
Federal court of the United States of America sitting in New York City, and any
appellate court from any thereof, in any action or proceeding arising out of or
relating to this Agreement or the other Loan Documents, or for recognition or
enforcement of any judgment, and each of the parties hereto hereby irrevocably
and unconditionally agrees that, to the extent permitted by applicable law, all
claims in respect of any such action or proceeding may be heard and determined
in such New York State or, to the extent permitted by law, in such Federal
court. Each of the parties hereto agrees that a final judgment in any such
action or proceeding shall be conclusive and may be enforced in other
jurisdictions by suit on the judgment or in any other manner provided by law.
Nothing in this Agreement shall affect any right that the Collateral Agent or
any other Secured Party may otherwise have to bring any action or proceeding
relating to this Agreement or the other Loan Documents against any Pledgor or
its properties in the courts of any jurisdiction.
(b) Each Pledgor hereby irrevocably and unconditionally waives, to the
fullest extent it may legally and effectively do so, any objection that it may
now or hereafter have to the laying of venue of any suit, action or proceeding
arising out of or relating to this Agreement or the other Loan Documents in any
New York State or Federal court. Each of the parties hereto hereby irrevocably
waives, to the fullest extent permitted by law, the defense of an inconvenient
forum to the maintenance of such action or proceeding in any such court.
(c) Each party to this Agreement irrevocably consents to service of
process in the manner provided for notices in Section 15 (including by telecopy,
provided that written confirmation of any such telecopy shall be delivered by
certified or registered mail following such service of process). Nothing in
this Agreement will affect the right of any party to this Agreement to serve
process in any other manner permitted by law.
SECTION 23. Waiver Of Jury Trial. EACH PARTY HERETO HEREBY WAIVES, TO THE
FULLEST EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW, ANY RIGHT IT MAY HAVE TO A TRIAL BY
JURY IN RESPECT OF ANY LITIGATION DIRECTLY OR INDIRECTLY ARISING OUT OF, UNDER
OR IN CONNECTION WITH THIS AGREEMENT. EACH PARTY HERETO (A) CERTIFIES THAT NO
REPRESENTATIVE, AGENT OR ATTORNEY OF ANY OTHER PARTY HAS REPRESENTED, EXPRESSLY
OR OTHERWISE, THAT SUCH OTHER PARTY WOULD NOT, IN THE EVENT OF LITIGATION, SEEK
TO ENFORCE THE FOREGOING WAIVER AND (B) ACKNOWLEDGES THAT IT AND THE OTHER
PARTIES HERETO HAVE BEEN INDUCED TO ENTER INTO THIS AGREEMENT BY, AMONG OTHER
THINGS, THE MUTUAL WAIVERS AND CERTIFICATIONS IN THIS SECTION.
SECTION 24. Additional Pledgors. Pursuant to Section 5.12 of the Credit
Agreement, each Subsidiary of the Borrower that was not in existence or not a
Subsidiary or was an Inactive Subsidiary on the date of the Credit Agreement is
required to enter in this Agreement as a Subsidiary Pledgor upon becoming a
Subsidiary if such Subsidiary owns or possesses property of a type that would be
considered Collateral hereunder. Upon execution and delivery by the Collateral
Agent and a Subsidiary of an instrument in the form of Annex 1, such Subsidiary
shall become a Subsidiary Pledgor hereunder with the same force and effect as if
originally named as a Subsidiary Pledgor herein. The execution and delivery of
such instrument shall not require the consent of any Pledgor hereunder. The
rights and obligations of each Pledgor hereunder shall remain in full force and
effect notwithstanding the addition of any new Subsidiary Pledgor as a party to
this Agreement.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have duly executed this Agreement as
of the day and year first above written.
CATALYTICA, INC.,
by /s/ Xxxxxxxx X. Xxxxxxx
_____________________________
Name: Xxxxxxxx X. Xxxxxxx
Title: Chief Financial Officer
CATALYTICA PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.,
by /s/ Xxxxxxxx X. Xxxxxxx
_____________________________
Name: Xxxxxxxx X. Xxxxxxx
Title: Chief Financial Officer
THE SUBSIDIARY PLEDGORS LISTED ON
SCHEDULE I HERETO,
by /s/ Xxxxxxxx X. Xxxxxxx
_____________________________
Name: Xxxxxxxx X. Xxxxxxx
Title: Authorized Officer
THE CHASE MANHATTAN BANK, as
Collateral Agent,
by /s/ Xxxxxxxx Xxxxxxx, Xx.
_____________________________
Name: Xxxxxxxx Xxxxxxx, Xx.
Title: Vice President
Annex 1 to the
Pledge Agreement
SUPPLEMENT NO. dated as of , to the PLEDGE AGREEMENT
dated as of July 31, 1997, among CATALYTICA, INC., a Delaware
corporation ("Catalytica"), CATALYTICA PHARMACEUTICALS, INC., a
Delaware corporation (the "Borrower") and each Subsidiary of
Catalytica listed on Schedule I hereto (each such subsidiary
individually a "Subsidiary Pledgor" and collectively, the
"Subsidiary Pledgors"; Catalytica, the Borrower and the
Subsidiary Pledgors are referred to collectively herein as the
"Pledgors") and THE CHASE MANHATTAN BANK, a New York banking
corporation ("Chase"), as collateral agent (in such capacity, the
"Collateral Agent") for the Secured Parties (as defined in the
Credit Agreement referred to below)
A. Reference is made to (a) the Credit Agreement dated as of July 31,
1997, (as amended, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time, the
"Credit Agreement"), among Catalytica, the Borrower, the lenders from time to
time party thereto (the "Lenders"), Chase, as issuing bank (in such capacity,
the "Issuing Bank"), as administrative agent (in such capacity, the
"Administrative Agent") for the Lenders and Collateral Agent, (b) the Guarantee
Agreement dated as of July 31, 1997 (as amended, supplemented or otherwise
modified from time to time, the "Guarantee Agreement") among each Subsidiary
listed on Schedule I thereto and the Collateral Agent and (c) the Parent
Guarantee Agreement dated as of July 31, 1997 (as amended, supplemented or
otherwise modified from time to time, the "Parent Guarantee Agreement") between
Catalytica and the Collateral Agent.
B. Capitalized terms used herein and not otherwise defined herein shall
have the meanings assigned to such terms in the Credit Agreement.
C. The Pledgors have entered into the Pledge Agreement in order to induce
the Lenders to make Loans and the Issuing Bank to issue Letters of Credit.
Pursuant to Section 5.12 of the Credit Agreement, each Subsidiary of the
Borrower that was not in existence or not a Subsidiary or was an Inactive
Subsidiary on the date of the Credit Agreement is required to enter into the
Pledge Agreement as a Subsidiary Pledgor upon becoming a Subsidiary if such
Subsidiary owns or possesses property of a type that would be considered
Collateral under the Pledge Agreement. Section 24 of the Pledge Agreement
provides that such Subsidiaries may become Subsidiary Pledgors under the Pledge
Agreement by execution and delivery of an instrument in the form of this
Supplement. The undersigned Subsidiary (the "New Pledgor") is executing this
Supplement in accordance with the requirements of the Credit Agreement to become
a Subsidiary Pledgor under the Pledge Agreement in order to induce the Lenders
to make additional Loans and the Issuing Bank to issue additional Letters of
Credit and as consideration for Loans previously made and Letters of Credit
previously issued.
Accordingly, the Collateral Agent and the New Pledgor agree as follows:
SECTION 1. In accordance with Section 24 of the Pledge Agreement, the New
Pledgor by its signature below becomes a Pledgor under the Pledge Agreement with
the same force and effect as if originally named therein as a Pledgor and the
New Pledgor hereby agrees (a) to all the terms and provisions of the Pledge
Agreement applicable to it as a Pledgor thereunder and (b) represents and
warrants that the representations and warranties made by it as a Pledgor
thereunder are true and correct on and as of the date hereof. In furtherance of
the foregoing, the New Pledgor, as security for the payment and performance in
full of the Obligations (as defined in the Pledge Agreement), does hereby create
and grant to the Collateral Agent, its successors and assigns, for the benefit
of the Secured Parties, their
successors and assigns, a security interest in and lien on all of the New
Pledgor's right, title and interest in and to the Collateral (as defined in the
Pledge Agreement) of the New Pledgor. Each reference to a "Subsidiary Pledgor"
or a "Pledgor" in the Pledge Agreement shall be deemed to include the New
Pledgor. The Pledge Agreement is hereby incorporated herein by reference.
SECTION 2. The New Pledgor represents and warrants to the Collateral Agent
and the other Secured Parties that this Supplement has been duly authorized,
executed and delivered by it and constitutes its legal, valid and binding
obligation, enforceable against it in accordance with its terms.
SECTION 3. This Supplement may be executed in counterparts, each of which
shall constitute an original, but all of which when taken together shall
constitute a single contract. This Supplement shall become effective when the
Collateral Agent shall have received counterparts of this Supplement that, when
taken together, bear the signatures of the New Pledgor and the Collateral Agent.
Delivery of an executed signature page to this Supplement by facsimile
transmission shall be as effective as delivery of a manually signed counterpart
of this Supplement.
SECTION 4. The New Pledgor hereby represents and warrants that set forth
on Schedule I attached hereto is a true and correct schedule of all its Pledged
Securities.
SECTION 5. Except as expressly supplemented hereby, the Pledge Agreement
shall remain in full force and effect.
SECTION 6. THIS SUPPLEMENT SHALL BE GOVERNED BY, AND CONSTRUED IN
ACCORDANCE WITH, THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK.
SECTION 7. In case any one or more of the provisions contained in this
Supplement should be held invalid, illegal or unenforceable in any respect,
neither party hereto shall be required to comply with such provision for so long
as such provision is held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable, but the
validity, legality and enforceability of the remaining provisions contained
herein and in the Pledge Agreement shall not in any way be affected or impaired.
The parties hereto shall endeavor in good-faith negotiations to replace the
invalid, illegal or unenforceable provisions with valid provisions the economic
effect of which comes as close as possible to that of the invalid, illegal or
unenforceable provisions.
SECTION 8. All communications and notices hereunder shall be in writing
and given as provided in Section 15 of the Pledge Agreement. All communications
and notices hereunder to the New Pledgor shall be given to it at the address set
forth under its signature hereto or such other address as the New Pledgor shall
notify the Collateral Agent in writing.
SECTION 9. The New Pledgor agrees to reimburse the Collateral Agent for
its reasonable out-of-pocket expenses in connection with this Supplement,
including the reasonable fees, other charges and disbursements of counsel for
the Collateral Agent.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the New Pledgor and the Collateral Agent have duly
executed this Supplement to the Pledge Agreement as of the day and year first
above written.
[Name of new pledgor],
by
Name:
Title:
Address:
THE CHASE MANHATTAN BANK, as
Collateral Agent,
by
Name:
Title:
