Exhibit 4.3
AMENDED AND RESTATED
SECURITY AGREEMENT
Dated as of January 28, 2003
from
XM SATELLITE RADIO INC.,
as Pledgor
to
THE BANK OF NEW YORK,
as Collateral Agent
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
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1. Definitions...............................................................2
2. Grant of Security Interest................................................2
3. Security for Obligations..................................................3
4. Delivery of Collateral....................................................4
5. Representations and Warranties............................................5
6. As to the Collateral......................................................6
7. Additional Shares.........................................................7
8. Payment of Taxes and Claims...............................................8
9. Covenants and Agreements..................................................9
10. The Collateral Agent Appointed Attorney-in-Fact..........................10
11. The Collateral Agent May Perform.........................................11
12. The Collateral Agent's Duties............................................11
13. Notice of Event of Default...............................................12
14. Remedies.................................................................12
15. Expenses.................................................................13
16. Repayment in Bankruptcy, etc.............................................13
17. No Segregation of Moneys; No Interest....................................13
18. Continuing Security Interest; Termination................................14
19. Notices..................................................................14
20. Margin Regulations.......................................................14
21. Other Provisions.........................................................14
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AMENDED AND RESTATED SECURITY AGREEMENT
AMENDED AND RESTATED SECURITY AGREEMENT (this "Agreement"), dated as
of January 28, 2003, made by XM Satellite Radio Inc., a Delaware corporation
(the "Pledgor"), to The Bank of New York, as collateral agent (the "Collateral
Agent") for the Secured Parties (as defined herein).
RECITALS
A. The Pledgor and The Bank of New York, as Trustee (in such
capacity, the "Original Trustee"), have entered into that certain Indenture
dated as of March 15, 2000 (as amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise
modified from time to time, the "Original Indenture"), pursuant to which the
Pledgor (a) issued $325,000,000 aggregate principal amount at maturity of its
14% Senior Secured Notes due 2010 (the "Original Notes"), and (b) executed and
delivered a Security Agreement, dated as of March 15, 2000 (the "Original
Security Agreement"), to The Bank of New York, as Collateral Agent for the
benefit of the holders under the Original Indenture.
B. The Pledgor and The Bank of New York, as Trustee (in such
capacity, the "New Trustee"), have entered into that certain Indenture, dated as
of the date hereof, pursuant to which the Pledgor may issue up to $474,200,000
aggregate principal amount at maturity of its 14% Senior Secured Discount Notes
due 2009 (the "New Notes").
C. The Pledgor, XM Satellite Radio Holdings Inc., a Delaware
corporation ("Holdings"), and certain noteholders (the "Convertible Notes
Noteholders") have entered into that certain Note Purchase Agreement, dated as
of December 21, 2002, pursuant to which the Pledgor and Holdings are issuing 10%
Senior Secured Discount Convertible Notes due 2009 in an aggregate principal
amount at maturity of up to $415,800,000.
D. The Pledgor and Holdings have entered into (a) that certain
Credit Agreement with General Motors Corporation ("General Motors"), dated as of
the date hereof, pursuant to which the Pledgor and Holdings may receive certain
advances in an aggregate principal amount not to exceed $100,000,000, and (b)
that certain Note Purchase Agreement, with OnStar Corporation ("OnStar") dated
as of December 21, 2002, pursuant to which the Pledgor and Holdings are issuing
10% Series GM Senior Secured Convertible Notes due 2009 in the aggregate
principal amount of $89,042,387.
E. From time to time after the date hereof, the Pledgor may, subject
to the terms and conditions of the agreements described in Paragraphs A through
D above, incur additional indebtedness to obligees (the "Additional Creditors")
that is pari passu in right of payment to the obligations of the Pledgor under
such agreements.
F. The Original Trustee, the New Trustee, General Motors, OnStar,
the Convertible Notes Noteholders, the Additional Creditors that may from time
to time become party thereto and The Bank of New York, as Collateral Agent, have
entered into that certain Intercreditor and Collateral Agency Agreement (FCC
Licence Subsidiary Pledge Agreement), dated as of the date hereof (as amended,
restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time, the
"Intercreditor Agreement"), pursuant to which, among other things, The Bank of
New York was appointed to serve as Collateral Agent under this Agreement on
behalf of the Original Trustee, the New Trustee, the Convertible Notes
Noteholders, General Motors, OnStar and the Additional Creditors (the Original
Trustee, the New Trustee, the Convertible Notes Noteholders, General Motors,
OnStar and the Additional Creditors are hereinafter referred to collectively as
the "Secured Parties").
G. The Pledgor is the owner of the issued and outstanding capital
stock described in Schedule I hereto (the "Pledged Shares") representing 100% of
the issued and outstanding capital stock of XM Radio Inc., a Delaware
corporation (the "FCC License Subsidiary"), and there are (i) no outstanding or
existing options, warrants or other securities exercisable for, or exchangeable
for, or convertible into, capital stock of the FCC License Subsidiary and (ii)
no agreements with respect to the issuance or sale of any of the foregoing.
H. The Pledgor and the Collateral Agent have agreed to amend and
restate the Original Security Agreement to grant to the Collateral Agent, for
the benefit of the Secured Parties, the pledge and assignment contemplated by
this Agreement.
In consideration of the premises, the agreements herein contained and
other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which are
hereby acknowledged, the Pledgor hereby covenants and agrees with the Collateral
Agent for the benefit of the Secured Parties, to amend and restate the Original
Security Agreement in its entirety so that on and after the date hereof the
Original Security Agreement shall read in its entirety as follows:
1. Definitions.
All capitalized terms used but not otherwise defined herein have the
meanings given to them in the Intercreditor Agreement.
2. Grant of Security Interest.
(a) The Pledgor hereby unconditionally assigns, pledges and grants to the
Collateral Agent for its benefit and the benefit of the Secured Parties, a first
priority security interest in and to all of the Pledgor's right, title and
interest in and to the following, whether now owned or existing or hereafter
arising or acquired and wheresoever located (collectively, the "Collateral"):
(i) the Pledged Shares and the certificates representing the
Pledged Shares, and all dividends, cash, instruments and other property
from time to time received, receivable or otherwise distributed in respect
of or in exchange for any or all of the Pledged Shares;
(ii) all additional shares of issued and outstanding shares,
interests, participations, warrants or other equivalents (however
designated) of corporate stock ("Stock") of the FCC License Subsidiary from
time to time acquired by the Pledgor in any manner, and the certificates
representing such additional shares, and all dividends, cash, instruments
and other property from time to time received, receivable or otherwise
distributed in respect of or in exchange for any or all of such shares; and
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(iii) all Proceeds (as defined herein) of any and all of the
foregoing Collateral (including, without limitation, proceeds that
constitute property of the types described in clauses (i) and (ii) above).
(b) As used herein, the term "Proceeds" shall have the meaning assigned to
such term under Article 9 of the Uniform Commercial Code from time to time in
effect in the State of New York (the "UCC"; provided that in the event that, by
reason of mandatory provisions of law, any or all of the attachment, perfection
or priority of the Collateral Agent's security interest in any Collateral is
governed by the Uniform Commercial Code as in effect in a jurisdiction other
than the State of New York, the term "UCC" shall mean the Uniform Commercial
Code as in effect in such other jurisdiction for purposes of the provisions
hereof relating to such attachment, perfection or priority and for purposes of
definitions related to such provisions) and, to the extent not otherwise
included, shall include, but not be limited to, (i) any stock dividend or
distribution in connection with any increase or reduction of capital,
reclassification, merger, consolidation, sale of assets, combination of shares,
stock split, spin-off or split-off; (ii) any option or other right, whether as
an addition to, in substitution of or in exchange for any Pledged Shares or
otherwise; (iii) distributions payable in property (whether real, personal,
tangible, intangible, or mixed property; collectively "Property"); (iv)
dividends or distributions on dissolution, or in partial or total liquidation,
or from capital, capital surplus or paid-in surplus; (v) any and all payments
(in any form whatsoever) made or due and payable to the Pledgor from time to
time in connection with any requisition, confiscation, condemnation, seizure or
forfeiture of all or any part of the Collateral by any nation or government, any
state or other political subdivision thereof, any entity exercising executive,
legislative, judicial, regulatory or administrative functions of or pertaining
to government and any court or arbitrator (a "Governmental Body"); and (vi) any
and all other amounts from time to time paid or payable under or in connection
with the Collateral.
3. Security for Obligations.
This Agreement secures the payment of all of the obligations and
liabilities of any kind of the Pledgor under this Agreement and the Secured
Agreements, now or hereafter existing in each case, whether liquidated,
unliquidated, direct, indirect, fixed, contingent, matured, unmatured, disputed,
undisputed, legal, equitable, secured or unsecured, and whether for principal,
interest, fees, costs, expenses or otherwise (whether arising or accruing before
or after the occurrence of any "Event of Default" as defined in any Secured
Agreement (each, an "Event of Default") and whether discharged, stayed or
otherwise affected or allowed as a claim in any bankruptcy proceeding of the FCC
License Subsidiary), and all costs, fees and expenses of the Collateral Agent,
the Secured Parties, the Original Holders or the New Holders (including
reasonable attorneys' fees and expenses and with respect to the Collateral Agent
and reasonable allocated costs and expenses of in-house counsel and legal staff)
incurred in enforcing, preserving and protecting its rights against the Pledgor,
whether or not suit is instituted, as the foregoing obligations and liabilities
may be amended, increased, modified, renewed, refinanced, refunded or extended
from time to time (collectively, the "Secured Obligations").
Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, this Agreement
secures the payment of all amounts that constitute part of the Secured
Obligations and would be owed by the Pledgor to the Collateral Agent or the
Secured Parties, the Original Holders or the New Holders
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under this Agreement or the Secured Agreements, as the case may be, but for the
fact that they are unenforceable or not allowable due to the existence of a
bankruptcy, reorganization or similar proceeding involving the Pledgor.
The parties hereto intend to maintain the validity, effectiveness,
enforceability, perfection and priority of the Original Security Agreement and
this Agreement is intended, inter alia, to continue, increase and modify the
obligations and indebtedness secured by the security interests and pledges
created under the Original Security Agreement. Except as specifically provided
herein and in the Intercreditor Agreement, this Agreement shall not have the
effect of terminating, limiting, modifying or otherwise affecting the validity,
effectiveness, enforceability, perfection and priority of the security interests
or the pledges created under the Original Security Agreement, which is hereby
ratified and confirmed, as set forth herein.
4. Delivery of Collateral.
(a) All certificates and other instruments at any time owned or acquired
by the Pledgor representing or evidencing the Pledged Shares or any other
Collateral shall be delivered to and held by or on behalf of the Collateral
Agent pursuant hereto and shall be in suitable form for transfer by delivery, or
shall be accompanied by duly executed instruments of transfer or assignment in
blank, all in form and substance satisfactory to the Collateral Agent. Upon the
occurrence and during the continuance of an Event of Default, the Collateral
Agent shall have the right, subject to the requirements of the Intercreditor
Agreement, without notice to the Pledgor, to transfer to or to register in the
name of the Collateral Agent or any of its nominees any or all of the
Collateral. In addition, upon the occurrence and during the continuance of an
Event of Default, the Collateral Agent shall have the right at any time to
exchange certificates or instruments representing or evidencing Collateral for
certificates or instruments of smaller or larger denominations.
(b) If there shall occur a change in applicable law or regulations
regarding (i) the steps necessary to obtain and maintain a perfected security
interest in any Collateral or (ii) the ability to obtain a security interest
directly in any license granted by the Federal Communications Commission or
Governmental Body succeeding to the functions thereof (the "FCC"), or if there
is Collateral for which the foregoing procedures are not effective to perfect a
security interest, the Pledgor will immediately upon its becoming aware thereof
so notify the Collateral Agent and will deliver to the Collateral Agent an
opinion of counsel setting forth the steps necessary for the Collateral Agent to
obtain and maintain such a perfected security interest in the Collateral
affected by such change or for which the foregoing procedures are not effective
to perfect a security interest, and the Collateral Agent, instead of the actions
specified in this Section 4, shall take such other action, as specified in such
opinion of counsel, as will create and maintain such perfected security
interest.
(c) Upon the execution and delivery of this Agreement, the Pledgor will
file, and the Collateral Agent hereby authorizes the filing of, proper financing
statements, initial financing statements in lieu of continuation statements, or
amendments to financing statements with the appropriate office or offices under
the Uniform Commercial Code, covering the Collateral described in this Agreement
and, thereafter, such renewals, amendments or continuations thereof or such
additional financing statements in such
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additional offices in such jurisdictions or in the appropriate filing offices in
such additional jurisdictions as shall be required or reasonably desirable from
time to time under the UCC in order to perfect and to continue the perfection of
the security interest in the Collateral.
5. Representations and Warranties.
The Pledgor hereby represents and warrants to the Collateral Agent as
follows:
(a) Organization; Good Standing. The Pledgor is duly organized, validly
existing and in good standing under the laws of the State of Delaware and is
duly qualified and in good standing in every other jurisdiction where it is
doing business, except where the failure to be so qualified or maintain good
standing would not have a Material Adverse Effect. The chief place of business
and chief executive office of the Pledgor are located at 0000 Xxxxxxxxx Xxxxx,
X.X., Xxxxxxxxxx, X.X. 00000.
(b) Corporate Power; Authorization. The execution, delivery and
performance by the Pledgor of this Agreement, and the performance and
consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby, (i) are within the
Pledgor's corporate authority; (ii) have been duly authorized by all necessary
or proper corporate action; (iii) are not in contravention of any provision of
the Pledgor's by-laws or charter; (iv) will not violate any law or regulation,
or any order or decree of any court or governmental instrumentality to which the
Pledgor or its property is subject; and (v) will not conflict with or result in
the breach or termination of, constitute a default under, or accelerate any
performance required by, any indenture, mortgage, deed of trust, lease,
agreement or other instrument to which the Pledgor is a party or by which the
Pledgor or any of its property is bound (except for such conflict, breach,
termination, default or acceleration as could not reasonably be expected to have
a Material Adverse Effect). Subject to Section 21(f) hereof, no authorization,
approval or action by, or notice to, or filing with, any governmental authority
or regulatory body is required under existing laws and regulations on the date
hereof (i) for the grant or perfection of the security interests contemplated
hereby or for the execution, delivery or performance of this Agreement by the
Pledgor, except as may be set forth in Section 4 with respect to actions to be
taken by the Collateral Agent, or a financial intermediary holding Collateral
and except for the filings referred to in Section 4(b) and 4(c) that may be
required in the future, or (ii) for the exercise by the Collateral Agent of the
voting or other rights provided for in this Agreement or its rights and remedies
in respect of the Collateral pursuant to this Agreement, except (A) as may be
required in connection with the disposition of Collateral by laws affecting the
offering and sale of securities, generally, and (B) with respect to Pledged
Shares, for authorizations, approvals, notices and filings that may be required
pursuant to regulations of the FCC (as defined herein), or any successor laws or
regulations.
(c) Enforceability. This Agreement is the legal, valid and binding
obligation of the Pledgor enforceable against it in accordance with its terms,
subject to applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium or
similar law affecting creditors' rights or insolvent corporations generally, and
except to the extent that availability of the remedy of specific performance or
injunctive relief is subject to the discretion of the court before which any
proceeding therefor may be brought.
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(d) Absence of Liens. It is the sole legal and beneficial owner of the
Collateral free and clear of all Liens other than the security interest created
by this Agreement. No effective financing statement or other instrument similar
in effect covering all or any part of the Collateral is on file in any recording
office, except such as may have been filed in favor of the Collateral Agent
under this Agreement.
(e) Collateral. The Pledged Shares have been duly authorized and validly
issued and are fully paid and non-assessable. The Pledged Shares represent one
hundred percent (100%) of the total number of shares of the FCC License
Subsidiary which are issued and outstanding. There are (i) no outstanding or
existing options, warrants or other securities exercisable for, or exchangeable
for, or convertible into, capital stock of the FCC License Subsidiary and (ii)
no agreements with respect to the issuance or sale of any of the foregoing.
(f) Security Interest. This Agreement and the pledge of the Collateral
pursuant hereto create a valid and perfected first priority security interest in
the Collateral in favor of the Collateral Agent, securing the payment of all of
the Secured Obligations, and all filings and other actions necessary or
desirable as may be required by the Collateral Agent or the Secured Parties to
perfect and protect such security interest have been duly taken.
6. As to the Collateral.
(a) So long as no event or circumstance which constitutes a Default shall
have occurred and be continuing:
(i) The Pledgor shall be entitled to exercise any and all voting
and other consensual rights pertaining to the Collateral or any part
thereof for any purpose not inconsistent with the terms of this Agreement
or the Secured Agreements; provided, however, that the Pledgor shall not
exercise or refrain from exercising any such right without the consent of
the Collateral Agent if, in the Collateral Agent's judgment, such action or
inaction would have a Material Adverse Effect of the type described in
clause (a), (b), (d) or (e) of the definition thereof.
(ii) Any and all dividends and other distributions (whether or not
in cash) paid or payable, and certificates, instruments and other Property
received, receivable or otherwise distributed in respect of, or in exchange
for, Collateral, shall be forthwith delivered to the Collateral Agent to be
held as Collateral and shall, if received by the Pledgor, be received in
trust for the benefit of the Collateral Agent and the Secured Parties, be
segregated from the other Property of the Pledgor, and be forthwith
delivered to the Collateral Agent, as Collateral in the same form as so
received (with any necessary endorsement). Any cash dividends or
distributions delivered to or otherwise held by the Collateral Agent
pursuant to this Section 6, and any other cash constituting Collateral
delivered to the Collateral Agent, shall be invested, at the written
direction of the Pledgor (such direction to specify the particular
investment to be made), by the Collateral Agent in Cash Equivalents.
(iii) The Collateral Agent shall execute and deliver (or cause to be
executed and delivered) to the Pledgor all such proxies and other
instruments as the Pledgor may
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reasonably request for the purpose of enabling the Pledgor to exercise the
voting and other rights which it is entitled to exercise pursuant to
subsection (i) or (ii) above.
(b) Upon the occurrence and during the continuance of a Default (except as
provided below), at the Collateral Agent's option and following written notice
by the Collateral Agent to the Pledgor:
(i) all rights of the Pledgor to exercise the voting and other
consensual rights which it would otherwise be entitled to exercise pursuant
to Section 6(a)(i) shall cease. Except as provided in the prior sentence,
after the occurrence and during the continuance of an Event of Default, all
such voting and other consensual rights shall thereupon become vested in
the Collateral Agent, who shall thereupon have the sole right to exercise
such voting and other consensual rights, subject to the satisfaction of any
regulatory requirements. Effective upon the occurrence and during the
continuance of an Event of Default, the Pledgor hereby appoints the
Collateral Agent the Pledgor's true and lawful attorney-in-fact and grants
to the Collateral Agent an IRREVOCABLE PROXY to vote the Collateral in any
manner the Collateral Agent deems advisable for or against all matters
submitted or which may be submitted to a vote of shareholders. The
power-of-attorney granted hereby is coupled with an interest and shall be
irrevocable; and
(ii) the provisions of Section 6(a)(ii) shall continue in full
force and effect, except that no dividends or distributions may be paid to
the Pledgor.
As used in this Agreement, the term "Material Adverse Effect" shall
mean an effect resulting from any circumstance or event of whatever nature
(including any adverse determination in any litigation) which does, or could
reasonably be expected to, materially and adversely (a) impair the validity or
enforceability of the Intercreditor Agreement or any of the Secured Agreements
or the Collateral Agent's or any Secured Party's rights or remedies with respect
thereto; (b) cause a Default; (c) affect the business, property, business
prospects, operations, or financial or other condition of the FCC License
Subsidiary or Pledgor; (d) impair or affect the Collateral or the Collateral
Agent's Liens on the Collateral or the priority of such Liens; or (e) impair or
affect the ability of the Pledgor to perform its obligations hereunder or under
any of the Secured Agreements.
(c) In the event that all or any part of the securities or instruments
constituting the Collateral are lost, mutilated, destroyed or wrongfully taken
while such securities or instruments are in the possession of the Collateral
Agent, the Pledgor agrees that it will cause the delivery of new securities or
instruments in place of the lost, mutilated, destroyed or wrongfully taken
securities or instruments upon request therefor by the Collateral Agent without
the necessity of any indemnity bond or other security other than the Collateral
Agent's agreement or indemnity therefor customary for security agreements
similar to this Agreement.
7. Additional Shares.
(a) The Pledgor agrees that it will cause the FCC License Subsidiary not
to issue any Stock of any kind.
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(b) Without derogating from paragraph (a) of this Section 7, in the event
that, during the term of this Agreement:
(i) any stock dividend, stock split, reclassification,
readjustment, or other change is declared or made in the capital structure
of the FCC License Subsidiary, all new, substituted, and additional shares,
or other securities, issued by reason of any such change and received by
the Pledgor (directly or indirectly) or to which the Pledgor shall be
entitled shall be promptly delivered or otherwise transferred to the
Collateral Agent, together with undated stock powers endorsed in blank by
the Pledgor, and shall thereupon constitute additional Collateral to be
held by the Collateral Agent under the terms of this Agreement; and
(ii) any subscriptions, warrants or any other rights or options
shall be issued in connection with the Pledged Shares, all new stock or
other securities acquired through such subscriptions, warrants, rights or
options, and all additional shares of capital stock of the FCC License
Subsidiary or any successor in interest thereto from time to time acquired
by the Pledgor (directly or indirectly) in any manner whatsoever
(including, without limitation, any shares of preferred stock issued by the
FCC License Subsidiary) together with appropriate stock powers by the
Pledgor, shall be promptly delivered or otherwise transferred to the
Collateral Agent and shall thereupon constitute Collateral to be held by
the Collateral Agent under the terms of this Agreement.
8. Payment of Taxes and Claims.
The Pledgor shall make payment of (i) all taxes, assessments, license
fees, levies and other charges of Governmental Bodies imposed upon it which if
unpaid, could reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect or become
a Lien on the Property of the Pledgor, unless and to the extent only that such
taxes, assessments, charges, license fees, levies and other charges shall be
contested in good faith and by appropriate proceedings diligently conducted by
the Pledgor and the Collateral Agent has received prompt notice of such contest,
(ii) all taxes, assessments, license fees, levies and other charges of
Governmental Bodies on any of the Collateral before any penalty or interest
accrues thereon, unless and to the extent only that such taxes, assessments,
charges, license fees, levies and other charges shall be contested in good faith
and by appropriate proceedings diligently conducted by the Pledgor and the
Collateral Agent has received prompt notice of such contest, before any penalty
or interest accrues thereon, and (iii) all claims (including, without
limitation, claims for labor, services, materials and supplies) for sums
materially adversely affecting the Collateral, which have become due and payable
and which by law have or may become a Lien upon any of the Collateral prior to
the time when any penalty or fine shall be incurred with respect thereto, unless
and to the extent such claim is being contested in good faith and by appropriate
proceedings diligently conducted by the Pledgor, the Collateral Agent has
received prompt notice of such contest, any proceeding to place a lien on the
Collateral or to enforce a lien on the Collateral has been stayed and such
contest is not reasonably expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.
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9. Covenants and Agreements.
The Pledgor covenants and agrees that on and after the date hereof
until the payment in full of the Secured Obligations and the termination and
discharge of the Secured Agreements, unless the Collateral Agent shall otherwise
consent in writing:
(a) At any time and from time to time, upon the request of the Collateral
Agent (at the written direction of the Acting Secured Parties (as defined
below)), and at the sole expense of the Pledgor, the Pledgor shall promptly do,
file, record, execute and deliver any and all such further notices, instruments
and documents and will take such further action as may be necessary or
reasonably desirable to obtain, protect and perfect the security interests
granted hereby and enforce and give effect to the rights, remedies and powers
hereunder, including, without limitation, the recording or filing of all
instruments and documents reasonably necessary to perfect and protect the
perfection of the security interests granted hereby under Articles 8 or 9 of the
Uniform Commercial Code in effect in any applicable jurisdiction. In connection
therewith, the Collateral Agent is hereby irrevocably authorized and empowered
as the Pledgor's attorney-in-fact, solely to make, at the Collateral Agent's
option, all filings and to give all other notices as it shall reasonably deem
necessary with respect to any of the Collateral, all of which may be done with
or without the signature of the Pledgor. The Pledgor agrees that the foregoing
power constitutes a power coupled with an interest which shall survive until the
payment in full of all of the Secured Obligations. The Pledgor agrees to
reimburse the Collateral Agent on demand for any actual and reasonable expenses
(including reasonable attorneys' fees and expenses with respect to the
Collateral Agent, including reasonable allocated costs and expenses of in-house
counsel and legal staff) incurred by the Collateral Agent in connection with
such matters and, until such reimbursement, such expenses shall be a part of the
Secured Obligations. The Pledgor agrees that the Collateral Agent is authorized
and empowered to file financing statements and continuation statements with
respect to the Collateral in such jurisdictions as it deems appropriate. "Acting
Secured Parties" shall mean, as of any date of determination, the Secured
Parties holding (or, in the case of the Original Trustee and the New Trustee,
acting as trustee for the Original Notes or the New Notes, as applicable) more
than 20% of the sum of (a) the unpaid principal amount of the Original Notes,
(b) the unpaid Accreted Value of the New Notes, (c) the unpaid Accreted Value of
the Convertible Notes, (d) the unpaid principal amount owing under the GM
Convertible Notes, (e) the unpaid principal amount owing under the GM Loan
Agreement, and (f) the unpaid principal amount owing under the Additional Debt
(if any), or, if such debt is issued at a discount, the unpaid accreted value of
such Additional Debt. Any action taken by the Original Trustee or the New
Trustee shall constitute an action on behalf of all of the Original Holders or
New Holders, as applicable, without regard to the percentage of the Original
Holders or New Holders directing or authorizing the Original Trustee or the New
Trustee to take such action.
(b) The Pledgor shall defend its ownership interest in and to the
Collateral and the Collateral Agent's security interest in and to the Collateral
against all claims and demands of all Persons at any time claiming the same or
any interest therein adverse to the interests of the Collateral Agent.
(c) The Pledgor shall, at all times, maintain or cause to be maintained
accurate books and records with respect to the Collateral, and shall promptly
furnish to the Collateral Agent such
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information concerning such Collateral as the Collateral Agent may from time to
time reasonably request at the written direction of the Acting Secured Parties.
The Collateral Agent and its designees are hereby given the right, at the
Pledgor's expense, to inspect and copy, following prior notice to the Pledgor
and during regular business hours, or the Pledgor shall furnish the Collateral
Agent with copies of, all records and documents reasonably required by the
Collateral Agent relating to the Collateral.
(d) The Pledgor shall not further hypothecate, assign, pledge, encumber,
transfer, sell or otherwise dispose of, or grant any option with respect to, or
create or suffer to exist a security interest in, or a Lien on, the Collateral
or any portion thereof, except for the pledge, assignment and security interest
created by this Agreement in favor of the Collateral Agent. The inclusion of
"Proceeds" of the Collateral under the security interest granted herein shall
not be deemed a consent by the Collateral Agent to any sale or other disposition
of any Collateral except as expressly permitted herein.
(e) The Pledgor shall promptly notify the Collateral Agent of any change
occurring in or to the Collateral, of a change in the Pledgor's mailing address,
of any material change in any fact or circumstance warranted or represented by
the Pledgor in this Agreement or furnished to the Collateral Agent, or if any
Event of Default shall have occurred. The Pledgor shall not change its name or
jurisdiction of organization unless it (i) shall have notified the Collateral
Agent in writing, which notice shall identify such new proposed name or
jurisdiction of organization and shall be delivered at least thirty (30) days
prior to any such change and (ii) shall have taken all actions necessary to
maintain the continuous validity and perfection of the Collateral Agent's
security interest in the Collateral intended to be granted hereby.
(f) The Pledgor shall not, without the prior written consent of the
Collateral Agent, sign or file or authorize the signing or filing of any
document, financing statement or instrument creating or perfecting, or
purporting to create or perfect, any Lien or other encumbrance on all or any
part of its Collateral except in favor of the Collateral Agent as required
hereby.
(g) The security interest granted hereby constitutes and shall at all
times constitute a perfected continuing first priority security interest in the
Collateral.
10. The Collateral Agent Appointed Attorney-in-Fact.
Effective upon the occurrence and during the continuance of an Event
of Default, the Pledgor hereby irrevocably appoints the Collateral Agent its
attorney-in-fact, with full authority in the place and stead of the Pledgor and
in the name of the Pledgor or otherwise, from time to time in the Collateral
Agent's discretion, to take any action and to execute any instrument which the
Collateral Agent may deem necessary or advisable to accomplish the purposes of
this Agreement, including, without limitation:
(a) to ask, demand, collect, xxx for, recover, compromise, receive and
give acquittance and receipts for moneys due and to become due under or in
respect of any of the Collateral and/or extend the time of payment, arrange for
payment in installments, or otherwise modify the terms of, or release, any
Collateral or obligations, without otherwise discharging or
10
affecting the Secured Obligations, the Collateral or the security interests
granted by this Agreement,
(b) to file any claims or take any action or institute any proceedings
which the Collateral Agent may deem necessary or desirable for the collection of
any of the Collateral or otherwise to enforce the rights of the Collateral Agent
with respect to any of the Collateral, and
(c) to receive, indorse and collect any drafts or other instruments and
documents made payable to the Pledgor in connection with clause (a) above or
representing any dividend or other distribution in respect of the Collateral or
any part thereof and to give full discharge for the same.
The power-of-attorney granted hereby is coupled with an interest and
shall be irrevocable.
11. The Collateral Agent May Perform.
If the Pledgor fails to perform any agreement contained herein or make
payment of any amount required hereunder, the Collateral Agent may itself
perform, or cause performance of, or provide payment for the performance
thereof, and the reasonable expenses of the Collateral Agent incurred in
connection therewith shall be payable by the Pledgor under Section 15 of this
Agreement and any such payment made shall be deemed an advance by the Collateral
Agent to the Pledgor, payable on demand together with interest at the interest
rate then payable under the Original Indenture.
12. The Collateral Agent's Duties.
The powers conferred on the Collateral Agent hereunder are solely to
protect its interest in the Collateral and shall not impose any duty upon it to
exercise any such powers. Except for the safe custody of any Collateral in its
possession and the accounting for moneys actually received by it hereunder, the
Collateral Agent shall have no duty as to any Collateral, including the filing
of any financing or continuation statements relating to the Collateral. The
Collateral Agent shall be deemed to have exercised reasonable care in the
custody and preservation of the Collateral in its possession if the Collateral
is accorded treatment substantially equal to that which the Collateral Agent
accords its own Property, it being understood that the Collateral Agent shall
not be under any obligation to (a) ascertain or take action with respect to
calls, conversions, exchanges, maturities, tenders or other matters relative to
any Collateral, whether or not the Collateral Agent has or is deemed to have
knowledge of such matters, or (b) take any necessary steps to preserve rights
against prior parties or any other rights pertaining to any Collateral, but may
do so at its option, and all reasonable expenses incurred in connection
therewith shall be for the sole account of the Pledgor, and shall be added to
the Secured Obligations. No provision of this Agreement shall require the
Collateral Agent to expend or risk its own funds or otherwise incur any
financial liability in the performance of any of its duties hereunder, or in the
exercise of any of its rights or powers, if it shall have reasonable grounds for
believing that repayment of such funds or adequate indemnity against such risk
or liability is not reasonably assured to it.
11
13. Notice of Event of Default.
The Pledgor agrees to notify the Collateral Agent of the occurrence of
an Event of Default promptly upon its obtaining knowledge thereof.
14. Remedies.
Upon the occurrence and during the continuation of an Event of
Default, the Collateral Agent may, subject to the requirements of the
Intercreditor Agreement and regulatory requirements, exercise any and all
remedies and other rights provided under this Agreement and by applicable law,
including, without limitation, the following:
(a) The Collateral Agent may exercise in respect of the Collateral, in
addition to other rights and remedies provided for herein or otherwise available
to it, all the rights and remedies of a secured party upon default under the UCC
(whether or not the UCC applies to the affected Collateral) and also may without
notice, except as specified below, sell, lease, assign, grant an option or
options to purchase or otherwise dispose of the Collateral or any part thereof
in one or more parcels at public or private sale, at any exchange, broker's
board or at any of the Collateral Agent's offices or elsewhere, for cash, on
credit or for future delivery, and upon such other terms as the Collateral Agent
may deem commercially reasonable. The Pledgor agrees that, to the extent notice
of sale shall be required by law, at least ten days' notice to the Pledgor of
the time and place of any public sale or the time after which any private sale
is to be made shall constitute reasonable notification. The Collateral Agent
shall not be obligated to make any sale of Collateral regardless of notice of
sale having been given. The Collateral Agent may adjourn any public or private
sale from time to time by announcement at the time and place fixed therefor, and
such sale may, without further notice, be made at the time and place to which it
was so adjourned.
(b) Any cash held by the Collateral Agent as Collateral and all cash
proceeds received by the Collateral Agent in respect of any sale of, collection
from or other realization upon all or any part of the Collateral shall be held
by the Collateral Agent as Collateral for, and then or at any time thereafter
applied (after the payment of any amounts payable to the Collateral Agent
pursuant to Section 15 hereof) in whole or in part by the Collateral Agent for
the benefit of the Secured Parties against the Secured Obligations in such order
of application as is required by the Intercreditor Agreement.
(c) The Pledgor acknowledges and agrees that the Collateral Agent may
elect, with respect to the offer or sale of any or all of the Collateral, to
conduct such offer and sale in such a manner as to avoid the need for
registration or qualification of the Collateral or the offer and sale thereof
under any federal or state securities laws and that the Collateral Agent is
authorized to comply with any limitation or restriction in connection with such
sale as counsel may advise the Collateral Agent is necessary in order to avoid
any violation of applicable law, including, without limitation, compliance with
such procedures as may restrict the number of prospective bidders and
purchasers, require that such prospective bidders and purchasers have certain
qualifications, and restrict such prospective bidders and purchasers to Persons
who will represent and agree that they are purchasing for their own account for
investment and not with a view to the distribution or resale of such Collateral,
or in order to obtain any required approval of the sale
12
or of the purchaser by any Governmental Body. The Pledgor further acknowledges
and agrees that any such transaction may be at prices and on terms less
favorable than those which may be obtained through a public sale and not subject
to such restrictions and agrees that, notwithstanding the foregoing, the
Collateral Agent is under no obligation to conduct any such public sale and may
elect to impose any or all of the foregoing restrictions, or any other
restrictions which may be necessary or desirable in order to avoid any such
registration or qualification, at its sole discretion or with the consent or
direction of the parties entitled to give direction pursuant to the
Intercreditor Agreement, and that any such offer and sale shall, taking into
account the possible restrictions on such offer and sale described in this
subsection (c), be conducted in a commercially reasonable manner.
(d) The Pledgor hereby expressly waives and covenants not to assert any
appraisement, valuation, extension, redemption or similar laws, now or at any
time hereafter in force, which might delay, prevent or otherwise impede the
performance or enforcement of this Agreement.
15. Expenses.
The Pledgor will upon demand make payment to the Collateral Agent of
any and all reasonable out-of-pocket sums, costs and expenses, which the
Collateral Agent may pay or incur pursuant to the provisions of this Agreement
or in perfecting, defending, protecting or enforcing this Agreement or the
security interests granted herein or in enforcing payment of all of the Secured
Obligations or otherwise in connection with the provisions hereof, including,
but not limited to court costs, reasonable collection charges, reasonable travel
expenses, and reasonable attorneys' fees and expenses (including with respect to
the Collateral Agent, the reasonable allocated costs and expenses of in-house
counsel and legal staff) all of which together with interest at the highest rate
then payable under the Original Indenture, shall be part of the Secured
Obligations. The covenants contained in this Section 15 shall survive payment or
satisfaction in full of all other of the Secured Obligations.
16. Repayment in Bankruptcy, etc.
Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in this Agreement,
if, at any time or times subsequent to the payment of all or any part of the
Secured Obligations, the Collateral Agent shall be required to repay any amounts
previously paid by or on behalf of the FCC License Subsidiary or the Pledgor in
reduction thereof by virtue of an order of any court having jurisdiction
thereof, including, without limitation, as a result of an adjudication that such
amounts constituted preferential payments or fraudulent conveyances, the Pledgor
unconditionally agrees to make payment to the Collateral Agent within 10 days
after demand of the amount of such repayment, together with interest on such
amount from the date of such repayment by the Collateral Agent to the date of
payment to the Collateral Agent at the default interest rate set forth in the
Original Indenture.
17. No Segregation of Moneys; No Interest.
No moneys or any other property received by the Collateral Agent
hereunder need be segregated in any manner except to the extent required by law,
and any such moneys or other
13
Property may be deposited under such general conditions as may be prescribed by
law applicable to the Collateral Agent, and the Collateral Agent shall not be
liable for any interest thereon.
18. Continuing Security Interest; Termination.
(a) This Agreement shall create a continuing perfected first security
interest in the Collateral and shall (i) remain in full force and effect until
the termination of the Intercreditor Agreement pursuant to Section 8.10 thereof
or, if later, payment in full of the Secured Obligations, (ii) be binding upon
the Pledgor, its successors and assigns and (iii) inure, together with the
rights and remedies of the Collateral Agent hereunder, to the benefit of the
Collateral Agent, the Secured Parties, the Original Holders and the New Holders
and their respective successors, transferees and assigns.
(b) Upon termination of this Agreement, the Collateral Agent shall, at the
request and expense of the Pledgor, cause to be assigned, transferred and
delivered, against receipt but without recourse, warranty or representation
whatsoever, any remaining Collateral, to or on the order of the Pledgor, and
shall execute and deliver to the Pledgor an instrument or instruments
acknowledging the release of such Collateral from the Lien of this Agreement.
19. Notices.
All notices and other communications provided for hereunder shall be
in writing (including telecopy) and mailed, telecopied or delivered to it, if to
the Pledgor, addressed to it at XM Satellite Radio Inc., 0000 Xxxxxxxxx Xxxxx,
X.X., Xxxxxxxxxx, X.X. 00000, Attention: Chief Executive Officer, if to the
Collateral Agent, at the address of the Collateral Agent specified in the
Intercreditor Agreement, or as to any party at such other address as shall be
designated by such party in a written notice to each other party. All such
notices and other communications shall, when mailed or telecopied, be effective
when deposited in the mails or transmitted by telecopier, respectively.
20. Margin Regulations.
The Pledgor shall take such steps as may be necessary so that it shall
comply with Regulations T, U and X (in so far as Regulation X applies to
Regulations T and U) promulgated by the Board of Governors of the Federal
Reserve System, in each case as in effect from time to time and to the extent
such Regulations are at the time applicable to the Notes issued by the Pledgor.
21. Other Provisions.
(a) Except as expressly provided in this Agreement, the Pledgor hereby
waives presentment, demand for payment, notice of default, nonperformance and
dishonor, protest and notice of protest of or in respect of the Secured
Agreements or the Secured Obligations, notice of acceptance of this Agreement
and reliance hereupon by the Collateral Agent and notice of any sale of
collateral security or any default of any sort.
14
(b) The Pledgor waives all errors or omissions of the Collateral Agent in
connection with the administration of the security interests created hereby and
the Collateral, except errors or omissions which constitute gross negligence or
willful misconduct.
(c) The Pledgor agrees that the Collateral Agent, any Secured Party, any
Original Holder and any New Holder may at any time, without notice to or consent
of the Pledgor, and without in any manner affecting the liability of the Pledgor
hereunder, amend, modify or waive any term or condition of any Secured Agreement
and any of the other Secured Obligations and any collateral security therefor
and otherwise deal with Pledgor as if this Agreement did not exist.
(d) The Pledgor is not relying upon the Collateral Agent to provide to the
Pledgor any information concerning the FCC License Subsidiary, including,
without limitation, information which might have a Material Adverse Effect, and
the Pledgor has made arrangements satisfactory to the Pledgor to obtain from the
FCC License Subsidiary on a continuing basis such information concerning the FCC
License Subsidiary as the Pledgor may desire.
(e) In addition to all other rights it may have at law or otherwise, upon
the occurrence and during the continuance of an Event of Default, the Collateral
Agent is hereby authorized at any time and from time to time, without notice, to
set-off against any and all obligations which the Collateral Agent may owe to
the FCC License Subsidiary or the Pledgor, of any kind or nature, and the
Pledgor shall continue to be liable to the Collateral Agent for any deficiency
with interest at the applicable interest rate forth in the Original Indenture.
(f) Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in Secured
Agreements or in any other agreement, instrument or document executed by the
Pledgor in connection with the Secured Agreements, the Collateral Agent will not
take any action pursuant to this Agreement or any document referred to above
which would constitute or result in any assignment of any FCC license or any
change of control (whether de jure or de facto) of the Pledgor or the FCC
License Subsidiary if such assignment of any FCC license or change of control
would require, under then existing law, the prior approval of the FCC without
first obtaining such prior approval of the FCC. Upon the occurrence of an Event
of Default or at any time thereafter during the continuance thereof, subject to
terms and conditions of this Agreement, the Pledgor agrees to take any action
that the Collateral Agent may reasonably request in order to obtain from the FCC
such approval as may be necessary to enable the Collateral Agent to exercise and
enjoy, the full rights and benefits granted to the Collateral Agent by this
Agreement and the other documents referred to above, including specifically, at
the cost and expense of the Pledgor, the use of its best efforts to assist in
obtaining approval of the FCC for any action or transaction contemplated by this
Agreement for which such approval is or shall be required by law, and
specifically, without limitation, upon request, to prepare, sign and file with
the FCC the assignor's or transferor's portion of any application or
applications for consent to the assignment of license or transfer of control
necessary or appropriate under the FCC's rules and regulations for approval of
(i) any sale or other disposition of the Collateral by or on behalf of the
Collateral Agent, or (ii) any assumption by the Collateral Agent of voting
rights in the Collateral effected in accordance with the terms of this
Agreement. It is understood and agreed that all foreclosure and related actions
will be made in accordance with the Communications Act of 1934, as amended, and
the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder, as from time to time in effect
(the
15
"Communications Act") and other applicable FCC regulations and published
policies and decisions.
(g) The Pledgor agrees to indemnify and hold harmless the Collateral
Agent, the Secured Parties, the Original Holders and the New Holders, the
respective affiliates of the Collateral Agent, the Secured Parties, the Original
Holders and the New Holders, and the respective officers, directors, employees,
agents (including, without limitation each of their counsel), and controlling
persons of the Collateral Agent, the Secured Parties, the Original Holders and
the New Holders, and each such affiliate (each, an "Indemnified Party") from and
against any and all claims, actions and suits whether groundless or otherwise,
and from and against any and all liabilities, losses, damages and costs and
expenses (including, without limitation, the reasonable fees and disbursements
of counsel and with respect to the Collateral Agent, reasonably allocated costs
and expenses of in-house counsel and legal staff) of every nature and character
arising out of or in connection with any actual or threatened claim, litigation,
investigation or proceeding relating to this Agreement or the Secured Agreements
or the transactions contemplated hereby or thereby (other than any such actions
or expenses resulting from the gross negligence or willful misconduct of the
Indemnified Parties seeking indemnity under this Agreement), in each case
including, without limitation, the reasonable fees and disbursements of counsel
and allocated costs of in-house counsel and legal staff incurred in connection
with any such investigation, litigation or other proceeding whether or not such
Indemnified Party is a party thereto, and the Pledgor agrees to reimburse each
Indemnified Party, upon demand, for all out-of-pocket costs and expenses
(including, without limitation, the reasonable fees and disbursements of counsel
and with respect to the Collateral Agent, reasonably allocated costs and
expenses of in-house counsel and legal staff) incurred in connection with any of
the foregoing. In litigation, or the preparation therefor, the Collateral Agent,
the Secured Parties, the Original Holders and the New Holders shall be entitled
to select their own counsel and, in addition to the foregoing indemnity, the
Pledgor agrees to pay promptly the reasonable fees and expenses of such counsel.
If, and to the extent that the obligations of the Pledgor under this Section
21(g) are unenforceable for any reason, the Pledgor hereby agrees to make the
maximum contribution to the payment in satisfaction of such obligations which is
permissible under applicable law.
The Pledgor shall not make any claim against any Indemnified Party for
any special, indirect or consequential damages in respect of any breach or
wrongful conduct (whether the claim therefor is based in contract, tort or duty
imposed by law) in connection with, arising out of or in any way related to the
transactions contemplated by, and the relationship established by the Secured
Agreements or any act, omission or event occurring in connection therewith, and
the Pledgor hereby waives, releases and agrees not to xxx upon any such claim
for any such damages, whether or not accrued and whether or not known or
suspected to exist in the Pledgor's favor.
The covenants contained in this Section 21(g) shall survive payment or
satisfaction in full of all other of the Secured Obligations.
(h) The Pledgor hereby appoints C T Corporation System (the "Process
Agent") located at 000 Xxxxxx Xxxxxx, Xxx Xxxx, Xxx Xxxx 00000, as its legally
authorized process agent to accept service on behalf of the Pledgor.
16
(i) This Agreement shall be governed by, and construed in accordance with,
the laws of the State of New York, without giving effect to any conflicts of
laws principles other than New York General Obligations Law Sections 5-1401 and
5-1402. The Pledgor agrees that any suit for the enforcement of this Agreement
may be brought in the courts of the State of New York or any federal court
sitting therein and consents to the nonexclusive jurisdiction of such court and
service of process in any such suit being made upon the Pledgor by mail to the
Process Agent at the address specified in Section 21(h). The Pledgor hereby
waives any objection that it may now or hereafter have to the venue of any such
suit or any such court or that such suit is brought in an inconvenient court.
(j) This Agreement and any amendment hereof may be executed in several
counterparts and by each party on a separate counterpart, each of which when so
executed and delivered shall be an original, and all of which together shall
constitute one instrument. In proving this Agreement it shall not be necessary
to produce or account for more than one such counterpart signed by the party
against whom enforcement is sought.
(k) This Agreement and any other documents executed in connection herewith
express the entire understanding of the parties with respect to the transactions
contemplated hereby. Neither this Agreement nor any term hereof may be changed,
waived, discharged or terminated, except as provided in Section 21(m).
(l) The Pledgor hereby waives its right to a jury trial with respect to
any action or claim arising out of any dispute in connection with this
Agreement, or any of the other loan documents, any rights or obligations
hereunder or thereunder or the performance of such rights and obligations.
Except as prohibited by law, the Pledgor hereby waives any right it
may have to claim or recover in any litigation referred to in the preceding
sentence any special, exemplary, punitive or consequential damages or any
damages other than, or in addition to, actual damages. The Pledgor (a) certifies
that no agent or representative of the Collateral Agent, the Secured Parties or
any Holder, has represented, expressly or otherwise, that the Collateral Agent,
any Secured Party or any Holder, as the case may be, would not, in the event of
litigation, seek to enforce the foregoing waivers and (b) acknowledges that the
Collateral Agent, the Secured Parties, the Original Holders and the New Holders
have been induced to enter into this Agreement and Secured Agreements, as
applicable, based on, among other things, the waivers and certifications
contained herein.
(m) Any consent or approval required or permitted by this Agreement to be
given by the Collateral Agent may be given, and any term of this Agreement, may
be amended, and the performance or observance by the Pledgor of any terms of
this Agreement, or the continuance of any Default or Event of Default may be
waived (either generally or in a particular instance and either retroactively or
prospectively) with, but only with, the written consent of the Pledgor and the
written consent of the Collateral Agent. No waiver shall extend to or affect any
obligation not expressly waived or impair any right consequent thereon. No
course of dealing or delay or omission on the part of the Collateral Agent or
any Secured Party in exercising any right shall operate as a waiver thereof or
otherwise be prejudicial thereto. No notice to or demand upon the
17
Pledgor shall entitle the Pledgor to other or further notice or demand in
similar or other circumstances.
(n) Notwithstanding the foregoing, this Agreement may be amended, revised
and supplemented only with the consent of the parties hereto and in accordance
with the requirements of Sections 6.6 and 6.7 of the Intercreditor Agreement.
(o) The Pledgor hereby waives any and all rights against immunity from
jurisdiction, attachment (both before and after judgment) and execution to which
it might be entitled.
(p) The provisions of this Agreement are severable and if any one clause
or provision hereof shall be held invalid or unenforceable in whole or in part
in any jurisdiction, then such invalidity or unenforceability shall affect only
such clause or provision, or part thereof, in such jurisdiction, and shall not
in any manner affect such clause or provision in any other jurisdiction, or any
other clause or provision of this Agreement in any jurisdiction.
18
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Pledgor has caused this Agreement to be duly
executed and delivered as of the date hereof.
XM SATELLITE RADIO INC.
By: /s/ Xxxxxx X. Xxxxxxxxx
------------------------------------------
Name: Xxxxxx X. Xxxxxxxxx
Title: Senior Vice President, General Counsel
and Secretary
Accepted and Agreed to:
THE BANK OF NEW YORK,
as Collateral Agent
By: /s/ Xxxx Xxxxxxxx
---------------------------------
Name: Xxxx Xxxxxxxx
Title: Vice President
SCHEDULE I
Pledged Shares
100 shares of common stock, par value $.01 per share, of XM Radio Inc.
