PARTICIPATION AGREEMENT BY AND AMONG UNITED DEVELOPMENT FUNDING, L.P., UNITED DEVELOPMENT FUNDING II, L.P., UNITED DEVELOPMENT FUNDING III, L.P., UNITED DEVELOPMENT FUNDING LAND OPPORTUNITY FUND, L.P., UNITED DEVELOPMENT FUNDING IV AND UMTH LAND...
EXHIBIT 10.6
PARTICIPATION AGREEMENT
BY AND AMONG
UNITED DEVELOPMENT FUNDING, L.P.,
UNITED DEVELOPMENT FUNDING II, L.P.,
UNITED DEVELOPMENT FUNDING III, L.P.,
UNITED DEVELOPMENT FUNDING LAND OPPORTUNITY FUND, L.P.,
UNITED DEVELOPMENT FUNDING IV AND
UMTH LAND DEVELOPMENT, L.P.
BY AND AMONG
UNITED DEVELOPMENT FUNDING, L.P.,
UNITED DEVELOPMENT FUNDING II, L.P.,
UNITED DEVELOPMENT FUNDING III, L.P.,
UNITED DEVELOPMENT FUNDING LAND OPPORTUNITY FUND, L.P.,
UNITED DEVELOPMENT FUNDING IV AND
UMTH LAND DEVELOPMENT, L.P.
This
Participation Agreement (the “Agreement”) is executed this ___ day of , 200_,
by and among United Development Funding, L.P., a Delaware limited partnership, (“UDF I”), United
Development Funding II, L.P., a Delaware limited partnership (“UDF II”), United Development Funding
III, L.P., a Delaware limited partnership (“UDF III”), United Development Funding Land Opportunity
Fund, L.P., a Delaware limited partnership (“UDF LOF”), United Development Funding IV, a Maryland
real estate investment trust (“UDF IV,” and together with UDF I, UDF II, UDF III and UDF LOF, the
“UDF Funds”), and UMTH Land Development, L.P., a Delaware limited partnership (“UMTH LD”).
FACTUAL BACKGROUND
1. The UDF Funds invest, or will invest, in the acquisition of land and development of
single-family lots, construction of single-family homes and model homes, and the acquisition of
model homes and finished lots utilizing a diverse range of capital structures such as equity
investments, joint venture participations, mezzanine loans, subordinated loans and senior loans.
2. The lifecycle of single-family lot development and home construction generally begins with
the acquisition of land for development of single-family lots, followed by the entitlement and
engineering of the subject property, followed by the development of raw land into a finished lot,
followed by the construction and sale of a single-family home. There are differing levels of
capital appreciation, cash flow, loan-to-value ratios, development risk, market risk and investment
yields over the course of the development lifecycle.
3. Each of the UDF Funds invests, or will invest, in substantially similar land development
opportunities, although such investments may be made at different points in the development
lifecycle in accordance with the investment criteria, yield requirements, cash flow expectations,
investment horizon and risk tolerances of the respective UDF Fund at the time the investment is
made. In addition, the UDF Funds will determine to exit investments in land development and home
construction projects at different points in the development lifecycle in accordance with the
investment criteria, yield requirements, cash flow expectations, investment horizon and risk
tolerances of the respective UDF Fund at the time the exit is made.
4. Subject to the respective limitations set forth in the organizational and operational
documents of each of the UDF Funds, investments may be entered into as co-investments or joint
ventures between two or more UDF Funds, and may be sold to or refinanced by other UDF Funds in
accordance with the investment criteria, yield requirements, cash flow expectations, investment
horizon and risk tolerances of the respective UDF Funds.
5. UMTH LD is the asset manager of UDF I, UDF II, UDF LOF and UDF IV and the general partner
of UDF III. In exercising its duties to each of the UDF Funds, UMTH LD will manage each investment
in accordance with the investment criteria, yield requirements, cash flow expectations, investment
horizon and risk tolerances of the respective UDF Fund as each investment progresses.
6. The UDF Funds each recognize that, in exercising its duties to each of them, UMTH LD will
encounter conflicts of interest. Thus, each of the UDF Funds and UMTH LD seeks to equitably
apportion investment opportunities among and between such entities in accordance with each fund’s
investment criteria, yield requirements, cash flow expectations, investment horizon and risk
tolerances at the time each transaction opportunity is presented by UMTH LD.
AGREEMENT
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the covenants and agreements hereinafter set forth, the
parties hereto agree as follows:
1. In each case in which there is an opportunity to participate in a transaction, including
any investment, co-investment, joint venture, participation, refinancing or sale, that qualifies
for the investment criteria, yield requirements, cash flow expectations, investment horizon and
risk tolerances of any two or more UDF Funds, which are described generally in Appendix A
hereto, the amount that each respective entity will invest in such transaction shall be determined
as follows:
A. First, each UDF Fund which is presented the transaction opportunity will be
allocated a percentage of the transaction opportunity determined as the ratio of the total
amount of Equity Invested in such entity over the Total Combined Equity Invested, such
percentage being the “Investment Percentage.” For purposes of this Agreement, “Equity
Invested” shall include both direct investment and retained earnings as determined by the
Most Recent Financial Statements, and the “Most Recent Financial Statements” shall mean the
most recently available audited or unaudited financial statements prepared by the respective
entities with respect to the most recent calendar quarter. For purposes of this paragraph
1.A., “Total Combined Equity Invested” shall mean the sum of the Equity Invested in each of
the UDF Funds to which the opportunity is presented.
Each UDF Fund which is presented the transaction opportunity will invest in such
transaction opportunity an amount equal to the Investment Percentage multiplied by the
amount of Required Cash. For purposes of this Agreement, “Required Cash” means the
aggregate amount of cash required to be invested by the respective UDF Funds in the
transaction opportunity.
B. Second, if, after allocating Available Cash (as defined in paragraph 1.D. below)
pursuant to paragraph 1.A. above, the full amount of the Required Cash has not been
invested, the remaining transaction opportunity shall be allocated amongst and between the
entities with remaining Available Cash as the ratio of the total amount of Equity Invested
in each such entity over the Total Combined Equity Invested, such percentage being the
“Remaining Investment Percentage.” For the purposes of this paragraph 1.B., “Total Combined
Equity Invested” shall mean the sum of the Equity Invested in each of the entities with
remaining Available Cash.
Each such UDF Fund will invest in the remaining transaction opportunity an amount equal
to the Remaining Investment Percentage multiplied by the amount of Required Cash.
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C. Third, if, after allocating Available Cash pursuant to paragraphs 1.A. and 1.B.
above, the full amount of the Required Cash has not been invested, the remaining transaction
opportunity shall be allocated amongst and between the entities with remaining Available
Cash by repeating the process set forth in paragraph 1.B. above until the full amount of
Required Cash has been invested.
D. “Available Cash” shall mean all cash of the respective entity available for
investment, not including lines of credit or other borrowing facilities, as determined by
UMTH LD, taking into consideration the projected sources and uses of cash for that
respective entity.
2. In each case in which a transaction opportunity is presented to a UDF Fund, the transaction
opportunity shall be structured in compliance with the investment limitations and requirements set
forth in the applicable organizational and operational documents of the respective UDF Fund and any
applicable prospectus or offering memorandum relating to the respective UDF Fund. Unless the
organizational and operational documents of the respective UDF Fund are more restrictive, the
following terms apply:
A. No loan shall be sold between funds for an amount in excess of the outstanding loan
balance, including accrued interest, at the time of the sale. This does not prohibit the
acquiring entity from subsequently restructuring the loan in any way, including an increase
in the loan amount; and
B. No asset shall be sold between funds for an amount in excess of its fair market
value as determined by an independent expert. This does not prohibit the financing of the
investment by another UDF Fund.
3. Notwithstanding anything contained herein to the contrary, UMTH LD shall exercise its best
efforts to reasonably allocate transaction opportunities amongst the UDF Funds as set forth herein,
provided, however, that UMTH LD may use approximations and rounding. UMTH LD will rely on its
Investment Committee to apply each UDF Fund’s investment criteria, yield requirements, cash flow
expectations, investment horizon and risk tolerances to recommend an investment, co-investment,
joint venture, participation, refinancing or sale by the respective UDF Funds. Further,
notwithstanding anything contained herein to the contrary, UMTH LD and its agents cannot give
assurance that they will recommend investment in all transaction opportunities of which they become
aware that are suitable for one or more UDF Fund on an equal allocation amongst such entities.
4. This Agreement shall be governed and construed under the laws of the State of Texas.
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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties have executed this Agreement as of the date first above
written.
By: | UMTH Land Development, L.P., | |||
a Delaware limited partnership | ||||
By: | ||||
Name: | ||||
Title: | ||||
By: | United Development Funding, L.P., | |||
a Delaware limited partnership | ||||
By: | United Development Funding, Inc., | |||
its general partner |
By: | ||||
Name: | ||||
Title: |
By: | United Development Funding II, L.P., a Delaware limited partnership |
|||
By: | United Development Funding II, Inc., | |||
its general partner |
By: | ||||
Name: | ||||
Title: |
By: | United Development Funding III, L.P., | |||
a Delaware limited partnership | ||||
By: | UMTH Land Development, L.P., | |||
a Delaware limited partnership |
By: | ||||
Name: | ||||
Title: |
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By: | United Development Funding Land Opportunity Fund, L.P., | |||
a Delaware limited partnership | ||||
By: | UDF Land GenPar, L.P., | |||
a Delaware limited partnership |
By: | ||||
Name: | ||||
Title: |
By: | United Development Funding IV | |||
a Maryland real estate investment trust | ||||
By: | ||||
Name: | ||||
Title: |
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APPENDIX A
Investment Criteria, Yield Requirements, Cash Flow Expectations,
Investment Horizons and Risk Tolerances of the UDF Funds
Investment Horizons and Risk Tolerances of the UDF Funds
UDF I:
UDF I provides asset level and fund level leverage and generally seeks to invest in land
acquisition and development loans and participation agreements, provide equity as an investment in
entities that acquire and develop single-family residential properties, and provide credit
enhancements to developers and entities in connection with third-party financing of land
acquisition and development loans.
UDF I generally seeks capital appreciation through value enhancement, higher yields and internal
rates of return and lower-to-more-moderate cash flow from loans and equity investments with a mid-
to long-term investment horizon and high risk tolerances.
UDF II:
UDF II provides asset level and fund level leverage and generally seeks to invest in land
acquisition and development loans and participation agreements, provide equity as an investment in
entities that acquire and develop single-family residential properties, and provide credit
enhancements to developers and entities in connection with third-party financing of land
acquisition and development loans.
UDF II generally seeks capital appreciation through value enhancement, higher yields and internal
rates of return and lower-to-more-moderate cash flow from loans and equity investments with a mid-
to long-term investment horizon and high risk tolerances.
UDF III:
UDF III does not make equity investments and does not utilize permanent leverage and generally
seeks to (i) invest in secured real estate loans made to persons and entities for the acquisition
of parcels of real property to be developed as single-family residential lots that will be marketed
and sold to home builders, (ii) secure such loans by a first lien or a second lien on real property
or a pledge of the borrowing entities’ ownership interest, and (iii) provide credit enhancements to
developers, homebuilders and other real estate entities in connection with third-party financing of
home construction loans and land acquisition and development loans.
UDF III does not seek capital appreciation and generally seeks moderate yield and higher cash flow
from loans with a mid-term investment horizon and a moderate risk tolerance.
UDF LOF:
UDF LOF generally seeks to invest in and finance finished lots, paper lots and land to be developed
into residential lots and model and finished new home inventory.
UDF LOF generally seeks capital appreciation, high yields and low-to-moderate cash flow from loans
and equity investments with a mid-to-long-term investment horizon and a high risk tolerance.
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UDF IV:
UDF IV generally seeks to (i) invest in land acquisition and development loans, finished lot loans,
model and new home inventory, loans for the construction of new homes and participation agreements,
(ii) secure such loans by either a first lien or a second lien on real property or a pledge of the
borrowing entities’ ownership interest, (iii) invest in the equity of entities that acquire and
develop single-family residential properties, (iv) invest in discounted cash flows secured by
municipal assessments levied on real property and (v) provide credit enhancements to developers and
entities in connection with third-party financing of land acquisition and development loans.
UDF IV generally seeks moderate yields and moderate-to-high cash flow from loans and capital
appreciation from equity investments with a mid-term investment horizon and a low risk tolerance.
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