ATTACHMENT A AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF MERGER
ATTACHMENT A
AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF MERGER
AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF MERGER dated as of ____________________ ("Agreement"), between Force Protection, Inc., a Colorado corporation ("Force Protection Colorado"), and Force Protection, Inc., a Nevada corporation ("Force Protection Nevada").
RECITALS
Whereas, the Board of Directors of Force Protection Colorado has approved a change of legal domicile to the State of Nevada as being in the best interests of the corporation and its shareholders; and
Whereas, the change of legal domicile through the merger ("Merger") with Force Protection Nevada will take place under the terms and conditions set forth in this Agreement.
Now Therefore, in consideration of the respective representations, warranties, covenants and agreements contained in this Agreement, Force Protection Colorado and Force Protection Nevada hereby agree as follows:
ARTICLE I - THE MERGER
1.01 THE MERGER. Upon the terms and subject to the conditions of this Agreement, and in accordance with the relevant provisions of the Colorado Business Corporation Act ("Colorado Statute") and the Nevada Business Corporation Act ("Nevada Statute"), respectively, Force Protection Colorado will be merged with and into Force Protection Nevada as soon as practicable following the satisfaction or waiver, if permissible, of the conditions set forth in Article IV of this Agreement. Following the Merger, Force Protection Nevada will continue as the surviving corporation and will continue its existence under the laws of the State of Nevada, and the separate corporate existence of Force Protection Colorado will cease.
1.02 EFFECTIVE DATE. As soon as practicable following the satisfaction or waiver, if permissible, of the conditions set forth in Article IV of this Agreement, the Merger will be consummated by filing with the Secretaries of State of the States of Colorado and Nevada, respectively, Articles of Merger, and any other appropriate documents ("Articles of Merger") in accordance with the Colorado Statute and the Nevada Statute, respectively. The Merger will become effective at such time as the Articles of Merger are duly filed, or at such later time as specified in the Articles of Merger (the time the Merger becomes effective being the "Effective Date").
1.03 EFFECTS OF THE MERGER. The Merger will have the effects specified in the Colorado Statute and the Nevada Statute, respectively.
1.04 DIRECTORS AND OFFICERS OF FORCE PROTECTION NEVADA. After the Effective Date, the initial directors and officers of Force Protection Nevada, as the surviving corporation, will be the following persons:
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Xxxx Xxxxxxx |
Director Class I, Interim Chief Executive Officer |
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R. Xxxxx Xxxxx |
Director Class II, Secretary |
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Xxxxx Xxxxxxxxx |
Director Class III |
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Xxx Thebes |
Treasurer, Chief Financial Officer |
Such persons will serve until their successors will have been duly elected or appointed and qualified or until their earlier death, resignation or removal in accordance with Force Protection Nevada’s Certificate of Incorporation and by laws.
ARTICLE II - EXCHANGE OF SHARES
2.01 SHARE EXCHANGE. On the Effective Date by virtue of the Merger, each share of common stock and/or Preferred stock of Force Protection Colorado held by the shareholders of Force Protection Colorado will be deemed exchanged for corresponding shares of the common stock and/or Preferred stock as the case may be of Force Protection Nevada. Promptly after the Effective Date, Force Protection Nevada may issue to each shareholder of Force Protection Colorado a certificate representing the common stock and/or preferred stock to be issued to each shareholder and in such event each shareholder of Force Protection Colorado will be required to exchange and surrender the certificate representing all of such shareholder’s shares in Force Protection Colorado. At the close of business on the day of the Effective date, the stock ledger of Force Protection Colorado will be closed.
ARTICLE III - COVENANTS
3.01 FURTHER ACTION. The parties will, subject to the fulfillment at or before the Effective Date of each of the conditions of performance set forth in Section IV herein, perform such further acts and execute such documents as may be reasonably required to effect the Merger.
3.02 MEETING OF BREAKTHROUGH SHAREHOLDERS. Force Protection Colorado will submit the Merger to its shareholders for their consideration and consent in accordance with the Colorado Statute and other provisions of applicable law. Force Protection Colorado will notify Force Protection Nevada that the consent of the shareholders has been obtained.
3.03 BEST EFFORTS TO CLOSE. The parties hereto agree to use their best efforts to close the transactions contemplated hereby as soon as practicable after the execution of this Agreement.
ARTICLE IV - CONDITIONS TO CONSUMMATION OF THE MERGER
4.01 CONDITIONS TO EACH PARTY’S OBLIGATION TO EFFECT THE MERGER. The respective obligations of each party to effect the Merger are subject to the satisfaction or waiver, where permissible, prior to the Effective Date, of the following conditions:
(a) This Agreement will have been approved by the affirmative vote of the shareholders of Force Protection Colorado by the requisite vote in accordance with applicable law;
(b) No statute, rule, regulation, executive order, decree, injunction or other order (whether temporary, preliminary or permanent), will have been enacted, entered, promulgated or enforced by any court or governmental authority which is in effect and has the effect of prohibiting the consummation of the Merger; provided, however, that each of the parties will have used its best efforts to prevent the entry of any injunction or other order and to appeal as promptly as possible any injunction or other order that may be entered.
ARTICLE V - MISCELLANEOUS
5.01 ASSIGNMENT, BINDING EFFECT; BENEFIT; ENTIRE AGREEMENT. Neither this Agreement nor any of the rights, interests or obligations hereunder will be assigned by any of the parties hereto (whether by operation of law or otherwise) without the prior written consent of the other parties. Subject to the preceding sentence, this Agreement will be binding upon and will inure to the benefit of the parties hereto and their respective successors and assigns. Notwithstanding anything contained in this Agreement to the contrary, nothing in this Agreement, expressed or implied, is intended to confer on any person other than the parties hereto or their respective heirs, successors, executors, administrators and assign any rights, remedies, obligations or liabilities under or by reason of this Agreement. This Agreement and any documents delivered by the parties in connection herewith constitute the entire agreement among the parties with respect to the subject matter hereof and supersede all prior agreements and understandings (oral and written) among the parties with respect thereto. No addition to or modification of any provision of this Agreement will be binding upon any party hereto unless made in writing and signed by all parties hereto.
5.02 SEVERABILITY. Any term or provision of this Agreement which is invalid or unenforceable in any jurisdiction will, as to that jurisdiction, be ineffective to the extent of such invalidity or unenforceability without rendering invalid or unenforceable the remaining terms and provisions of this Agreement in any other jurisdiction. If any provision, clause, section or part of this Agreement is so broad as to be unenforceable, the provision, clause, section or part will be interpreted to be only so broad as is enforceable, and all other provisions, clauses, sections or parts of this Agreement which can be effective without such unenforceable provision, clause, section or part will, nevertheless, remain in full force and effect.
5.03 GOVERNING LAW. This Agreement will be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of Nevada without regard to its rules of conflict of laws.
5.04 DESCRIPTIVE HEADINGS. The descriptive headings herein are inserted for convenience of reference only and are not intended to be part of or to affect the meaning or interpretation of this Agreement.
5.05 COUNTERPARTS. This Agreement may be executed by the parties hereto in separate counterparts, each of which when so executed and delivered will be an original, but all such counterparts will together constitute one and the same instrument. Each counterpart may consist of a number of copies of this Agreement each of which may be signed by less than all of the parties hereto, but together all such copies will constitute one and the same instrument.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, each of the parties has caused this Agreement to be executed on its behalf by its respective officers hereunto duly authorized, all as of the day and year first above written.
Force Protection, Inc. (Colorado)
By:_______________________
Title: President
Force Protection, Inc. (Nevada)
By:_______________________
Title: President
ATTACHMENT B
ARTICLES OF INCORPORATION
FORCE PROTECTION, INC.
(The "Corporation")
The undersigned incorporator does hereby file these Articles of Incorporation of a Private Corporation pursuant to Title Seven of the Nevada Revised Statutes as follows:
FIRST: The name of the corporation is FORCE PROTECTION, INC.
SECOND: The name of the initial registered agent and registered office is: Sage International, Inc., 0000 Xxxxxxxx Xxx, Xxxxx 000, Xxxx, Xxxxxx, 00000.
THIRD: The Corporation shall have and may exercise all of the rights, powers and privileges now or hereafter conferred upon corporations organized under the laws of Nevada. In addition, the corporation may do everything necessary, suitable or proper for the accomplishment of any of its corporate purposes. The corporation may conduct part or all of its business in any part of Nevada, the United States or the world and may hold, purchase, mortgage, lease and convey real and personal property in any of such places.
FOURTH: The aggregate number of shares that the corporation shall have authority to issue is three hundred and ten million (310,000,000) shares of which a portion shall be common stock and a portion shall be preferred stock, all as described below.
A. Common Stock. The aggregate number of common shares which the Corporation shall have the authority to issue is three hundred million (300,000,000) shares, each with a stated Par Value of $0.001 per share, which shares shall be designated "Common Stock." Subject to all the rights of the Preferred Stock as expressly provided herein, by law or by the Board of Directors pursuant to this Article, the Common Stock of the corporation shall possess all such rights and privileges as are afforded to capital stock by applicable law in the absence of any express grant of rights or privileges in these Articles of Incorporation, including, but not limited to, the following rights and privileges:
(a) dividends may be declared and paid or set apart for payment on the Common Stock out of any assets or funds of the corporation legally available for the payment of dividends;
(b) the holders of Common Stock shall have unlimited voting rights, including the right to vote for the election of directors and on all other matters requiring stockholder action. Cumulative voting shall not be permitted in the election of directors or otherwise.
(c) on the voluntary or involuntary liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the corporation, and after paying or adequately providing for the payment of all of its obligations and amounts payable in liquidation, dissolution or winding up, and subject to the rights of the holders of Preferred Stock, if any, the net assets of the corporation shall be distributed pro rata to the holders of the Common Stock.
B. Preferred Stock. The aggregate number of preferred shares which the Corporation shall have the authority to issue is ten million (10,000,000) shares, each with a stated Par Value of $0.001 per share, which shares shall be designated "Preferred Stock." Shares of Preferred Stock may be issued from time to time in one or more series as determined by the Board of Directors. The Board of Directors is hereby authorized, by resolution or resolutions, to provide from time to time, out of the un-issued shares of Preferred Stock not then allocated to any series of Preferred Stock, for a series of the Preferred Stock. Each such series shall have distinctive serial designations. Before any shares of any such series of Preferred Stock are issued, the Board of Directors shall fix and determine, and is hereby expressly empowered to fix and determine, by resolution or resolutions, the voting powers, full or limited, or no voting powers, and the designations, preferences and relative, participating, optional or other special rights, and the qualifications, limitations and restrictions thereof as provided by Nevada law. Before issuing any shares of a class or series, the corporation shall deliver to the secretary of state for filing articles of amendment to these articles of incorporation that set forth information required by Nevada law, including but not limited to, the designations, preferences, limitations, and relative rights of the class or series of shares.
C. Voting. Unless otherwise ordered by a court of competent jurisdiction, at all meetings of shareholders one-third of the shares of a voting group entitled to vote at such meeting, represented in person or by proxy, shall constitute a quorum of that voting group.
FIFTH: The initial board of directors shall consist of three (3) members whose name and address are as follows:
Xxxxx Xxxxxxxxx
R. Xxxxx Xxxxx
Xxxx Xxxxxxx
All of whose address is 0000 Xxxxxxx 00, Xxxxxxxx #0, Xxxxxx, Xxxxx Xxxxxxxx 00000
The number of directors of the corporation shall be fixed from time to time by the Board of Directors, within a range of no less than one or no more than five. A Director shall be a natural person who is eighteen years of age or older. A director need not be a resident of Nevada or a shareholder of the corporation.
SIXTH: The incorporator of the corporation is R. Xxxxx Xxxxx, 0000 Xxxxxxx 00, Xxxxxxxx #0, Xxxxxx, Xxxxx Xxxxxxxx 00000.
SEVENTH: The Corporation shall establish and maintain one or more offices as may be appropriate from time to time and as required under the laws of the state of Nevada.
EIGHTH: The following provisions are inserted for the management of the business and for the conduct of the affairs of the corporation, and the same are in furtherance of and not in limitation or exclusion of the powers conferred by law.
(a) Conflicting Interest Transactions. As used in this paragraph, "conflicting interest transaction" means any of the following: (i) a loan or other assistance by the corporation to a director of the corporation or to an entity in which a director of the corporation is a director or officer or has a financial interest; (ii) a guaranty by the corporation of an obligation of a director of the corporation or of an obligation of an entity in which a director of the corporation is a director or officer or has a financial interest; or (iii) a contract or transaction between the corporation and a director of the corporation or between the corporation and an entity in which a director of the corporation is a director or officer or has a financial interest. No conflicting interest transaction shall be void or voidable, be enjoined, be set aside, or give rise to an award of damages or other sanctions in a proceeding by a shareholder or by or in the right of the corporation, solely because the conflicting interest transaction involves a director of the corporation or an entity in which a director of the corporation is a director or officer or has a financial interest, or solely because the director is present at or participates in the meeting of the corporation’s board of directors or of the committee of the board of directors which authorized, approves or ratifies a conflicting interest transaction, or solely because the director’s vote is counted for such purpose if: (A) the material facts as to the director’s relationship or interest and as to the conflicting interest transaction are disclosed or are known to the board of directors or the committee, and the board of directors or committee in good faith authorizes, approves or ratifies the conflicting interest transaction by the affirmative vote of a majority of the disinterested directors, even though the disinterested directors are less than a quorum; or (B) the material facts as to the director’s relationship or interest and as to the conflicting interest transaction are disclosed or are known to the shareholders entitled to vote thereon, and the conflicting interest transaction is specifically authorized, approved or ratified in good faith by a vote of the shareholders; or (C) a conflicting interest transaction is fair as to the corporation as of the time it is authorized, approved or ratified by the board of directors, a committee thereof, or the shareholders. Common or interested directors may be counted in determining the presence of a quorum at a meeting of the board of directors or of a committee which authorizes, approves or ratifies the conflicting interest transaction.
(b) Loans and Guaranties for the Benefit of Directors. Neither the board of directors nor any committee thereof shall authorize a loan by the corporation to a director of the corporation or to an entity in which a director of the corporation is a director or officer or has a financial interest, or a guaranty by the corporation of an obligation of a director of the corporation or of an obligation of an entity in which a director of the corporation is a director or officer or has a financial interest, until at least ten days after written notice of the proposed authorization of the loan or guaranty has been given to the shareholders who would be entitled to vote thereon if the issue of the loan or guaranty were submitted to a vote of the shareholders. The requirements of this paragraph (b) are in addition to, and not in substitution for, the provisions of paragraph (a) of Article EIGHTH.
(c) Indemnification. The corporation shall indemnify, to the maximum extent permitted by law, any person who is or was a director, officer, agent, fiduciary or employee of the corporation against any claim, liability or expenses arising against or incurred by such person made party to a proceeding because he is or was a director, officer, agent, fiduciary or employee of the corporation or because he was a director, officer, agent, fiduciary or employee of the corporation or because he is or was serving another entity as a director, officer, partner, trustee, employee, fiduciary or agent at the corporation’s request. The corporation shall further have the authority to the maximum extent permitted by law to purchase and maintain insurance providing such indemnification.
(d) Limitation on Director’s Liability. No director of this corporation shall have any personal liability for monetary damages to the corporation or its shareholders for breach of his fiduciary duty as a director, except that this provision shall not eliminate or limit the personal liability of a director to the corporation or its shareholders for monetary damages for: (i) any breach of the director’s duty of loyalty to the corporation or its shareholders; or (ii) acts or omissions not in good faith or which involve intentional misconduct or a knowing violation of law; Nothing contained herein will be construed to deprive any director of his right to all defenses ordinarily available to a director nor will anything herein be construed to deprive any director of any right he may have for contribution from any other director or other person.
The undersigned incorporator does hereby certify the foregoing as a true and accurate statement of the Articles of Incorporation of the Corporation.
Dated:
_________________________
By:____________________________
R.
Xxxxx Xxxxx, Incorporator
ATTACHMENT C
BY-LAWS
FORCE PROTECTION, INC.
(The "Corporation")
ARTICLE I - Offices
The principal office of the corporation shall be designated from time to time by the corporation and may be within or outside of Nevada.
The corporation may have such other offices, either within or outside Nevada, as the board of directors may designate or as the business of the corporation may require from time to time.
The registered office of the corporation required by the Nevada Business Corporation Act to be maintained in Nevada may be, but need not be, identical with the principal office, and the address of the registered office may be changed from time to time by the board of directors.
ARTICLE II - Shareholders
Section 1. Annual Meeting. The annual meeting of the shareholders shall be held each year on a date and at a time fixed by the board of directors of the corporation (or by the president in the absence of action by the board of directors), beginning with the year 2005, for the purpose of electing directors and for the transaction of such other business as may come before the meeting. If the election of directors is not held on the day fixed as provided herein for any annual meeting of the shareholders, or any adjournment thereof, the board of directors shall cause the election to be held at a special meeting of the shareholders as soon thereafter as it may conveniently be held.
A shareholder may apply to the district court in the county in Nevada where the corporation’s principal office is located or, if the corporation has no principal office in Nevada, to the district court of the county in which the corporation’s registered office is located to seek an order that a shareholder meeting be held (i) if an annual meeting was not held within six months after the close of the corporation’s most recently ended fiscal year or fifteen months after its last annual meeting, whichever is earlier, or (ii) if the shareholder participated in a proper call of or proper demand for a special meeting and notice of the special meeting was not given within thirty days after the date of the call or the date the last of the demands necessary to require calling of the meeting was received by the corporation pursuant to the Nevada Revised Statutes, or the special meeting was not held in accordance with the notice.
Section 2. Special Meetings. Unless otherwise prescribed by statute, special meetings of the shareholders may be called for any purpose by the president or by the board of directors. The president shall call a special meeting of the shareholders if the corporation receives one or more written demands for the meeting, stating the purpose or purposes for which it is to be held, signed and dated by holders of shares representing at least ten percent of all the votes entitled to be cast on any issue proposed to be considered at the meeting..
Section 3. Place of Meeting. The board of directors may designate any place, either within or outside Nevada, as the place for any annual meeting or any special meeting called by the board of directors. A waiver of notice signed by all shareholders entitled to vote at a meeting may designate any place, either within or outside Nevada, as the place for such meeting. If no designation is made, or if a special meeting is called other than by the board, the place of meeting shall be the principal office of the corporation.
Section 4. Notice of Meeting. Written notice stating the place, date, and hour of the meeting shall be given not less than ten nor more than sixty days before the date of the meeting, except that (i) if the number of authorized shares is to be increased, at least thirty days’ notice shall be given, or (ii) any other longer notice period is required by the Nevada Business Corporation Act. Notice of a special meeting shall include a description of the purpose or purposes of the meeting. Notice of an annual meeting need not include a description of the purpose or purposes of the meeting except the purpose or purposes shall be stated with respect to (i) an amendment to the articles of incorporation of the corporation, (ii) a merger or share exchange in which the corporation is a party and, with respect to a share exchange, in which the corporation’s shares will be acquired, (iii) a sale, lease, exchange or other disposition, other than in the usual and regular course of business, of all or substantially all of the property of the corporation or of another entity which this corporation controls, in each case with or without the goodwill, (iv) a dissolution of the corporation, or (v) any other purpose for which a statement of purpose is required by the Nevada Business Corporation Act. Notice shall be given personally or by mail, private carrier, telegraph, teletype, electronically transmitted facsimile or other form of wire or wireless communication by or at the direction of the president, the secretary, or the officer or persons calling the meeting, to each shareholder of record entitled to vote at such meeting. If mailed and if in a comprehensible form, such notice shall be deemed to be given and effective when deposited in the United States mail, addressed to the shareholder at his address as it appears in the corporation’s current record of shareholders, with postage prepaid. If notice is given other than by mail, and provided that such notice is in a comprehensible form, the notice is given and effective on the date received by the shareholder. If requested by the person or persons lawfully calling such meeting, the corporation shall give notice thereof at corporation expense. No notice need be sent to any shareholder if three successive notices mailed to the last known address of such shareholder have been returned as undeliverable until such time as another address for such shareholder is made known to the corporation by such shareholder. In order to be entitled to receive notice of any meeting, a shareholder shall advise the corporation in writing of any change in such shareholder’s mailing address as shown on the corporation’s books and records.
When a meeting is adjourned to another date, time or place, notice need not be given of the new date, time or place if the new date, time or place of such meeting is announced before adjournment at the meeting at which the adjournment is taken. At the adjourned meeting the corporation may transact any business which may have been transacted at the original meeting. If the adjournment is for more than 120 days, or if a new record date is fixed for the adjourned meeting, a new notice of the adjourned meeting shall be given to each shareholder of record entitled to vote at the meeting as of the new record date.
A shareholder may waive notice of a meeting before or after the time and date of the meeting by a writing signed by such shareholder. Such waiver shall be delivered to the corporation for filing with the corporate records. Further, by attending a meeting either in person or by proxy, a shareholder waives objection to lack of notice or defective notice of the meeting unless the shareholder objects at the beginning of the meeting to the holding of the meeting or the transaction of business at the meeting because of lack of notice or defective notice. By attending the meeting, the shareholder also waives any objection to consideration at the meeting of a particular matter not within the purpose or purposes described in the meeting notice unless the shareholder objects to considering the matter when it is presented.
Section 5. Fixing of Record Date. For the purposes of determining shareholders entitled to (i) notice of or vote at any meeting of shareholders or any adjournment thereof, (ii) receive distributions or share dividends, or (ii) demand a special meeting, or to make a determination of shareholders for any other proper purpose, the board of directors may fix a future date as the record date for any such determination of shareholders, such date in any case to be not more than seventy days, and, in case of a meeting of shareholders not less than ten days, prior to the date on which the particular action requiring such determination of shareholders is to be taken. If no record date is fixed by the directors, the record date shall be the date on which notice of the meeting is mailed to shareholders, or the date on which the resolution of the board of directors providing for a distribution is adopted, as the case may be. When a determination of shareholders entitled to vote at any meeting of shareholders is made as provided in this Section, such determination shall apply to any adjournment thereof unless the board of directors fixes a new record date, which it must do if the meeting is adjourned to a date more than 120 days after the date fixed for the original meeting.
Notwithstanding the above, the record date for determining the shareholders entitled to take action without a meeting or entitled to be given notice of action so taken shall be the date a writing upon which the action is taken is first received by the corporation. The record date for determining shareholders entitled to demand a special meeting shall be the date of the earliest of any of the demands pursuant to which the meeting is called.
Section 6. Voting Lists. The secretary shall make, at the earlier of ten days before each meeting of shareholders or two business days after notice of the meeting has been given, a complete list of the shareholders entitled to be given notice of such meeting or any adjournment thereof. The list shall be arranged by voting groups and within each voting group by class or series of shares, shall be in alphabetical order within each class or series, and shall show the address of and the number of shares of each class or series held by each shareholder. For the period beginning the earlier of ten days prior to the meeting or two business days after notice of the meeting is given and continuing through the meeting and any adjournment thereof, this list shall be kept on file at the principal office of the corporation, or at a place (which shall be identified in the notice) in the city where the meeting will be held. Such list shall be available for inspection on written demand by any shareholder (including for the purpose of this Section 6 any holder of voting trust certificates) or his agent or attorney during regular business hours and during the period available for inspection. The original stock transfer books shall be prima facie evidence as to the shareholders entitled to examine such list or to vote at any meeting of shareholders.
Any shareholder, his agent or attorney may copy the list during regular business hours and during the period it is available for inspection, provided (i) the shareholder has been a shareholder for at least three months immediately preceding the demand or holds at least five percent of all outstanding shares of any class of shares as of the date of the demand, (ii) the demand is made in good faith and for a purpose reasonably related to the demanding shareholder’s interest as a shareholder, (iii) the shareholder describes with reasonable particularity the purpose and the records the shareholder desires to inspect, (iv) the records are directly connected with the described purpose and (v) the shareholder pays a reasonable charge covering the costs of labor and material for such copies, not to exceed the estimated cost of production and reproduction.
Section 7. Recognition Procedure for Beneficial Owners. The board of directors may adopt by resolution a procedure whereby a shareholder of the corporation may certify in writing to the corporation that all or a portion of the shares registered in the name of such shareholder are held for the account of a specified person or persons. The resolution may set forth (i) the types of nominees to which it applies, (ii) the rights or privileges that the corporation will recognize in a beneficial owner, which may include rights and privileges other than voting; (iii) the form of certification and the information to be contained therein, (iv) if the certification is with respect to a record date, the time within which the certification must be received by the corporation, (v) the period for which the nominee’s use of the procedure is effective, and (vi) such other provisions with respect to the procedure as the board deems necessary or desirable. Upon receipt by the corporation of a certificate complying with the procedure established by the board of directors, the persons specified in the certification shall be deemed, for the purpose or purposes set forth in the certification, to be the registered holders of the number of shares specified in place of the shareholder making the certification.
Section 8. Quorum and Manner of Acting. One-third of the votes entitled to be cast on a matter by a voting group shall constitute a quorum of that voting group for action on the matter. If less than one-third of such votes are represented at a meeting, a majority of the votes so represented may adjourn the meeting from time to time without further notice, for a period not to exceed 120 days for any one adjournment. If a quorum is present at such adjourned meeting, any business may be transacted which might have been transacted at the meeting as originally noticed. The shareholders present at a duly organized meeting may continue to transact business until adjournment, notwithstanding the withdrawal of enough shareholders to leave less than a quorum, unless the meeting is adjourned and a new record date is set for the adjourned meeting.
If a quorum exists, action on a matter other than the election of directors by a voting group is approved if the votes cast within the voting group favoring the action exceed the votes cast within the voting group opposing the action, unless the vote of a greater number or voting by classes is required by law or the articles of incorporation.
Section 9. Proxies. At all meetings of shareholders, a shareholder may vote by proxy by signing an appointment form or similar writing, either personally or by his duly authorized attorney-in-fact. A shareholder may also appoint a proxy by transmitting or authorizing the transmission of a telegram, teletype, or other electronic transmission providing a written statement of the appointment to the proxy, a proxy solicitor, proxy support service organization, or other person duly authorized by the proxy to receive appointments as agent for the proxy, or to the corporation. The transmitted appointment shall set forth or be transmitted with written evidence from which it can be determined that the shareholder transmitted or authorized the transmission of the appointment. The proxy appointment form or similar writing shall be filed with the secretary of the corporation before or at the time of the meeting. The appointment of a proxy is effective when received by the corporation and is valid for eleven months unless a different period is expressly provided in the appointment form or similar writing.
Any complete copy, including an electronically transmitted facsimile, of an appointment of a proxy may be substituted for or used in lieu of the original appointment for any purpose for which the original appointment could be used.
Revocation of a proxy does not affect the right of the corporation to accept the proxy’s authority unless (i) the corporation had notice that the appointment was coupled with an interest and notice that such interest is extinguished is received by the secretary or other officer or agent authorized to tabulate votes before the proxy exercises his authority under the appointment, or (ii) other notice of the revocation of the appointment is received by the secretary or other officer or agent authorized to tabulate votes before the proxy exercises his authority under the appointment. Other notice of revocation may, in the discretion of the corporation, be deemed to include the appearance at a shareholders’ meeting of the shareholder who granted the proxy and his voting in person on any matter subject to a vote at such meeting.
The death or incapacity of the shareholder appointing a proxy does not affect the right of the corporation to accept the proxy’s authority unless notice of the death or incapacity is received by the secretary or other officer or agent authorized to tabulate votes before the proxy exercises his authority under the appointment.
The corporation shall not be required to recognize an appointment made irrevocable if it has received a writing revoking the appointment signed by the shareholder (including a shareholder who is a successor to the shareholder who granted the proxy) either personally or by his attorney-in-fact, notwithstanding that the revocation may be a breach of an obligation of the shareholder to another person not to revoke the appointment.
Subject to Section 11 and any express limitation on the proxy’s authority appearing on the appointment form, the corporation is entitled to accept the proxy’s vote or other action as that of the shareholder making the appointment.
Section 10. Voting of Shares. Each outstanding share, regardless of class, shall be entitled to one vote, except in the election of directors, and each fractional share shall be entitled to a corresponding fractional vote on each matter submitted to a vote at a meeting of shareholders, except to the extent that the voting rights of the shares of any class or classes are limited or denied by the articles of incorporation and by the resolution of the board of directors authorizing the issuance of the shares of any particular class, as permitted by the Nevada Business Corporation Act. Cumulative voting shall not be permitted in the election of directors or for any other purpose. Each record holder of shares of common stock shall be entitled to vote in the election of directors and shall have as many votes for each of the shares owned by him as there are directors to be elected and for whose election he has the right to vote.
At each election of directors, that number of candidates equaling the number of directors to be elected, having the highest number of votes cast in favor of their election, shall be elected to the board of directors.
Except as otherwise ordered by a court of competent jurisdiction upon a finding that the purpose of this Section would not be violated in the circumstances presented to the court, the shares of the corporation are not entitled to be voted if they are owned, directly or indirectly, by a second corporation, domestic or foreign, and the first corporation owns, directly or indirectly, a majority of the shares entitled to vote for directors of the second corporation except to the extent the second corporation holds the shares in a fiduciary capacity.
Redeemable shares are not entitled to be voted after notice of redemption is mailed to the holders and a sum sufficient to redeem the shares has been deposited with a bank, trust company or other financial institution under an irrevocable obligation to pay the holders the redemption price on surrender of the shares.
Section 11. Corporation’s Acceptance of Votes. If the name signed on a vote, consent, waiver, proxy appointment, or proxy appointment revocation corresponds to the name of a shareholder, the corporation, if acting in good faith, is entitled to accept the vote, consent, waiver, proxy appointment or proxy appointment revocation and give it effect as the act of the shareholder. If the name signed on a vote, consent, waiver, proxy appointment or proxy appointment revocation does not correspond to the name of a shareholder, the corporation, if acting in good faith, is nevertheless entitled to accept the vote, consent, waiver, proxy appointment or proxy appointment revocation and to give it effect as the act of the shareholder if:
(i) the shareholder is an entity and the name signed
purports to be that of an officer or agent of the entity;
(ii) the name
signed purports to be that of an administrator, executor, guardian or
conservator representing the shareholder and, if the corporation requests,
evidence of fiduciary status acceptable to the corporation has been presented
with respect to the vote, consent, waiver, proxy appointment or proxy
appointment revocation;
(iii) the name signed purports to be that of a receiver or trustee in bankruptcy of the shareholder and, if the corporation requests, evidence of this status acceptable to the corporation has been presented with respect to the vote, consent, waiver, proxy appointment or proxy appointment revocation;
(iv) the name signed purports to be that of a pledgee, beneficial owner or attorney-in-fact of the shareholder and, if the corporation requests, evidence acceptable to the corporation of the signatory’s authority to sign for the shareholder has been presented with respect to the vote, consent, waiver, proxy appointment or proxy appointment revocation;
(v) two or more persons are the shareholder as co-tenants or fiduciaries and the name signed purports to be the name of at least one of the co-tenants or fiduciaries, and the person signing appears to be acting on behalf of all the co-tenants or fiduciaries; or
(vi) the acceptance of the vote, consent, waiver, proxy appointment or proxy appointment revocation is otherwise proper under rules established by the corporation that are not inconsistent with this Section 11.
The corporation is entitled to reject a vote, consent, waiver, proxy appointment or proxy appointment revocation if the secretary or other officer or agent authorized to tabulate votes, acting in good faith, has reasonable basis for doubt about the validity of the signature on it or about the signatory’s authority to sign for the shareholder.
Neither the corporation nor its officers nor any agent who accepts or rejects a vote, consent, waiver, proxy appointment or proxy appointment revocation in good faith and in accordance with the standards of this Section is liable in damages for the consequences of the acceptance or rejection.
Section 12. Informal Action by Shareholders. Any action required or permitted to be taken at a meeting of the shareholders may be taken without a meeting if a written consent (or counterparts thereof) that sets forth the action so taken is signed by all of the shareholders entitled to vote with respect to the subject matter thereof and received by the corporation. Such consent shall have the same force and effect as a unanimous vote of the shareholders and may be stated as such in the document. Action taken under this Section 12 is effective as of the date the last writing necessary to effect this action is received by the corporation, unless all of the writings specify a different effective date, in which case such specified date shall be the effective date for such action. If any shareholder revokes his consent as provided for herein prior to what would otherwise be the effective date, the action proposed in the consent shall be invalid. The record date for determining shareholders entitled to take action without a meeting is the date the corporation receives a writing upon which the action is taken.
Any shareholder who has signed a writing describing and consenting to action taken pursuant to this Section 12 may revoke such consent by a writing signed by the shareholder describing the action and stating that the shareholder’s prior consent thereto is revoked, if such writing is received by the corporation before the effectiveness of the action.
Section 13. Meetings by Telecommunication. Any or all of the shareholders may participate in an annual or special shareholders’ meeting by, or the meeting may be conducted through the use of, any means of communication by which all persons participating in the meeting may hear each other during the meeting. A shareholder participating in a meeting by this means is deemed to be present in person at the meeting.
ARTICLE III - Board of Directors
Section 1. General Powers. All corporate powers shall be exercised by or under the authority of, and the business and affairs of the corporation shall be managed under the direction of its board of directors, except as otherwise provided in the Nevada Business Corporation Act or the articles of incorporation.
Section 2. Number, Qualifications and Tenure. The number of directors of the corporation and their class shall be fixed from time to time by the board of directors, within a range of no less than one or more than nine. A director shall be a natural person who is eighteen years of age or older. A director need not be a resident of Nevada or a shareholder of the corporation.
The Board of Directors shall be and is divided into three classes: Class I, Class II and Class III. No one class shall have more than one director more than any other class. If a fraction is contained in the quotient arrived at by dividing the designated number of directors by three, then if such fraction is one third, the extra director shall be a member of Class I, and if such fraction is two-thirds, one of the extra directors shall be a member of Class I and one of the extra directors shall be a member of Class II, unless otherwise provided from time to time by resolution adopted by the Board of Directors. Each director shall serve for a term ending on the date of the third annual meeting of stockholders following the annual meeting of stockholders at which such director was elected; provided, that each initial director in Class I shall serve for a term ending on the date of the annual meeting of stockholders in 2005; each initial director in Class II shall serve for a term ending on the date of the annual meeting of stockholders in 2006, and each initial director in Class III shall serve for a term ending on the date of the annual meeting of stockholders in 2007; and provided further, that term of each director shall be subject to the election and qualification of his successor and to his earlier death, resignation or removal. In the event of any increase or decrease in the authorized number of directors, (i) each director then serving as such shall nevertheless continue as a director of the class of which he is a member for the full term of such class and (ii) the newly created or eliminated directorships resulting from such increase or decrease shall be apportioned by the Board of Directors among the three classes of a directors so as to ensure that no one class has more than one director more than any other class. To the extent possible, consistent with the foregoing rule, any newly created directorships shall be added to those classes whose terms of office are to expire at the latest dates following such allocation, and any newly eliminated directorships shall be subtracted from those classes whose terms of offices are to expire at the earliest dates following such allocation, unless otherwise provided from time to time by resolution adopted by the board of directors. Any vacancy in the Board of Directors, however occurring, including (without limitation) a vacancy resulting from an increase in the number of directors, shall be filled only by a vote of a majority of the directors then in office, although less than a quorum, or by a sole remaining director. Notwithstanding the foregoing, whenever the holders of any one or more series of Preferred Stock issued by the Corporation after approval by the Board of Directors shall have the right, voting separately by class or series, to elect directors at an annual or special meeting of stockholders, the election, term of office, filling of vacancies and other features of such directorships shall be governed by the terms of the Restated Articles of Incorporation (including such terms as may be adopted by the Board of Directors pursuant to power granted to them in the Restated Articles of Incorporation) applicable thereto, such directors so elected shall not be divided into classes pursuant to this Article III, Section 2, and the number of such directors shall not be counted in determining the maximum number of directors permitted under the foregoing provisions of this Article III, Section 2, in each case unless expressly provided by such terms.
Directors shall be removed in the manner provided by the Nevada Business Corporation Act.
Section 3. Vacancies. Any director may resign at any time by giving written notice to the corporation. Such resignation shall take effect at the time the notice is received by the corporation unless the notice specifies a later effective date. Unless otherwise specified in the notice of resignation, the corporation’s acceptance of such resignation shall not be necessary to make it effective. Any vacancy on the board of directors may be filled by the affirmative vote of a majority of the shareholders or the board of directors. If the directors remaining in office constitute fewer than a quorum of the board, the directors may fill the vacancy by the affirmative vote of a majority of all the directors remaining in office. If elected by the directors, the director shall hold office until the next annual shareholder’s meeting at which directors are elected. If elected by the shareholders, the director shall hold office for the unexpired term of his predecessor in office; except that, if the director’s predecessor was elected by the directors to fill a vacancy, the director elected by the shareholders shall hold office for the unexpired term of the last predecessor elected by the shareholders.
Section 4. Regular Meetings. A regular meeting of the board of directors shall be held without notice immediately after and at the same place as the annual meeting of shareholders. The board of directors may provide by resolution the time and place, either within or outside Nevada, for the holding of additional regular meetings without other notice.
Section 5. Special Meetings. Special meetings of the board of directors may be called by or at the request of the president or chief executive officer, or any director. The person or persons authorized to call special meetings of the board of directors may fix any place, either within or outside Nevada, as the place for holding any special meeting of the board of directors called by them, provided that no meeting shall be called outside the State of Nevada unless a majority of the board of directors has so authorized.
Section 6. Notice. Notice of any special meeting shall be given at least two days prior to the meeting by written notice either personally delivered or mailed to each director at his business address, or by notice transmitted by telegraph, telex, electronically transmitted facsimile or other form of wire or wireless communication. If mailed, such notice shall be deemed to be given and to be effective on the earlier of (i) three days after such notice is deposited in the United States mail, properly addressed, with postage prepaid, or (ii) the date shown on the return receipt, if mailed by registered or certified mail return receipt requested. If notice is given by telex, electronically transmitted facsimile or other similar form of wire or wireless communication, such notice shall be deemed to be given and to be effective when sent, and with respect to a telegram, such notice shall be deemed to be given and to be effective when the telegram is delivered to the telegraph company. If a director has designated in writing one or more reasonable addresses or facsimile numbers for delivery of notice to him, notice sent by mail, telegram, telex, electronically transmitted facsimile or other form of wire or wireless communication shall not be deemed to have been given or to be effective unless sent to such addresses or facsimile numbers, as the case may be.
A director may waive notice of a meeting before or after the time and date of the meeting by a writing signed by such director. Such waiver shall be delivered to the corporation for filing with the corporate records. Further, a director’s attendance at or participation in a meeting waives any required notice to him of the meeting unless at the beginning of the meeting, or promptly upon his arrival, the director objects to holding the meeting or transacting business at the meeting because of lack of notice or defective notice and does not thereafter vote for or assent to action taken at the meeting. Neither the business to be transacted at, nor the purpose of, any regular or special meeting of the board of directors need be specified in the notice or waiver of notice of such meeting.
Section 7. Quorum. A majority of the number of directors fixed by the board of directors pursuant to Section 2 or, if no number is fixed, a majority of the number in office immediately before the meeting begins, shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business at any meeting of the board of directors. If less than such majority is present at a meeting, a majority of the directors present may adjourn the meeting from time to time without further notice, for a period not to exceed sixty days at any one adjournment.
Section 8. Manner of Acting. The act of the majority of the directors present at a meeting at which a quorum is present shall be the act of the board of directors. No director may vote or act by proxy at any meeting of directors.
Section 9. Compensation. By resolution of the board of directors, any director may be paid any one or more of the following: his expenses, if any, of attendance at meetings, a fixed sum for attendance at each meeting, a stated salary as director, or such other compensation as the corporation and the director may reasonably agree upon. No such payment shall preclude any director from serving the corporation in any other capacity and receiving compensation therefor.
Section 10. Presumption of Assent. A director of the corporation who is present at a meeting of the board of directors or committee of the board at which action on any corporate matter is taken shall be presumed to have assented to the action taken unless (i) the director objects at the beginning of the meeting, or promptly upon his arrival, to the holding of the meeting or the transaction of business at the meeting and does not thereafter vote for or assent to any action taken at the meeting, (ii) the director contemporaneously requests that his dissent or abstention as to any specific action taken be entered in the minutes of the meeting, or (iii) the director causes written notice of his dissent or abstention as to any specific action to be received by the presiding officer of the meeting before its adjournment or by the corporation promptly after the adjournment of the meeting. A director may dissent to a specific action at a meeting, while assenting to others. The right to dissent to a specific action taken at a meeting of the board of directors or a committee of the board shall not be available to a director who voted in favor of such action.
Section 11. Committees. By resolution adopted by a majority of all the directors in office when the action is taken, the board of directors may designate from among its members an executive committee and one or more other committees, and appoint one or more members of the board of directors to serve on them. To the extent provided in the resolution, each committee shall have all the authority of the board of directors, except that no such committee shall have the authority to (i) authorize distributions, (ii) approve or propose to shareholders actions or proposals required by the Nevada Business Corporation Act to be approved by shareholders, (iii) fill vacancies on the board of directors or any committee thereof, (iv) amend articles of incorporation, (v) adopt, amend or repeal the bylaws, (vi) approve a plan of merger not requiring shareholder approval, (vii) authorize or approve the reacquisition of shares unless pursuant to a formula or method prescribed by the board of directors, or (viii) authorize or approve the issuance or sale of shares, or contract for the sale of shares or determine the designations and relative rights, preferences and limitations of a class or series of shares, except that the board of directors may authorize a committee or officer to do so within limits specifically prescribed by the board of directors. The committee shall then have full power within the limits set by the board of directors to adopt any final resolution setting forth all preferences, limitations and relative rights of such class or series and to authorize an amendment of the articles of incorporation stating the preferences, limitations and relative rights of a class or series for filing with the Secretary of State under the Nevada Business Corporation Act.
Sections 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 and 12 of Article III, which govern meetings, notice, waiver of notice, quorum, voting requirements and action without a meeting of the board of directors, shall apply to committees and their members appointed under this Section 11.
Neither the designation of any such committee, the delegation of authority to such committee, nor any action by such committee pursuant to its authority shall alone constitute compliance by any member of the board of directors or a member of the committee in question with his responsibility to conform to the standards of care set forth in Article III, Section 14 of these bylaws.
Section 12. Action Without a Meeting. Any action required or permitted to be taken at a meeting of the directors or any committee designated by the board of directors may be taken without a meeting if a written consent (or counterparts thereof) that sets forth the action so taken is signed by all of the directors entitled to vote with respect to the action taken. Such consent shall have the same force and effect as a unanimous vote of the directors or committee members and may be stated as such in any document. Unless the consent specifies a different effective date, action taken under this Section 12 is effective at the time the last director signs a writing describing the action taken, unless, before such time, any director has revoked his consent by a writing signed by the director and received by the president or secretary of the corporation.
Section 13. Telephonic Meetings. The board of directors may permit any director (or any member of a committee designated by the board) to participate in a regular or special meeting of the board of directors or a committee thereof through the use of any means of communication by which all directors participating in the meeting can hear each other during the meeting. A director participating in a meeting in this manner is deemed to be present in person at the meeting.
Section 14. Standard of Care. A director shall perform his duties as a director, including, without limitation his duties as a member of any committee of the board, in good faith, in a manner he reasonably believes to be in the best interests of the corporation, and with the care an ordinarily prudent person in a like position would exercise under similar circumstances. In performing his duties, a director shall be entitled to rely on information, opinions, reports or statements, including financial statements and other financial data, in each case prepared or presented by the persons herein designated. However, he shall not be considered to be acting in good faith if he has knowledge concerning the matter in question that would cause such reliance to be unwarranted. A director shall not be liable to the corporation or its shareholders for any action he takes or omits to take as a director if, in connection with such action or omission, he performs his duties in compliance with this Section 14.
The designated persons on whom a director is entitled to rely are (i) one or more officers or employees of the corporation whom the director reasonably believes to be reliable and competent in the matters presented, (ii) legal counsel, public accountant, or other person as to matters which the director reasonably believes to be within such person’s professional or expert competence, or (iii) a committee of the board of directors on which the director does not serve if the director reasonably believes the committee merits confidence.
ARTICLE IV - Officers and Agents
Section 1. General. The officers of the corporation shall be as determined by the board of directors from time to time, and may include a president, one or more vice presidents, a secretary, a treasurer, and such other officers, assistant officers, committees and agents, including a chairman of the board, assistant secretaries and assistant treasurers, as the board may consider necessary. Each officer shall be a natural person eighteen years of age or older. The board of directors or the officer or officers authorized by the board shall from time to time determine the procedure for the appointment of officers, their term of office, their authority and duties and their compensation. One person may hold more than one office. In all cases where the duties of any officer, agent or employee are not prescribed by the bylaws, or by the board of directors, such officer, agent or employee shall follow the orders and instructions of the president of the corporation.
Section 2. Appointment and Term of Office. The officers of the corporation shall be appointed by the board of directors at each annual meeting of the board held after each annual meeting of the shareholders. If the appointment of officers is not made at such meeting or if an officer or officers are to be appointed by another officer or officers of the corporation, such appointment shall be made as soon thereafter as conveniently may be. Each officer shall hold office until the first of the following occurs: his successor shall have been duly appointed and qualified, his death, his resignation, or his removal in the manner provided in Section 3.
Section 3. Resignation and Removal. An officer may resign at any time by giving written notice of resignation to the corporation. The resignation is effective when the notice is received by the corporation unless the notice specifies a later effective date.
Any officer or agent may be removed at any time with or without cause by the board of directors or an officer or officers authorized by the board. Such removal does not affect the contract rights, if any, of the corporation or of the person so removed. The appointment of an officer or agent shall not in itself create contract rights.
Section 4. Vacancies. A vacancy in any office, however occurring, may be filled by the board of directors, or by the officer or officers authorized by the board, for the unexpired portion of the officer’s term. If an officer resigns and his resignation is made effective at a later date, the board of directors, or officer or officers authorized by the board, may permit the officer to remain in office until the effective date and may fill the pending vacancy before the effective date if the board of directors or officer or officers authorized by the board provide that the successor shall not take office until the effective date. In the alternative, the board of directors, or officer or officers authorized by the board of directors, may remove the officer at any time before the effective date and may fill the resulting vacancy.
Section 5. President. Subject to the direction and supervision of the board of directors, and unless otherwise determined by the board of directors in its designation of officers from time to time, the president shall be the chief executive officer of the corporation, and shall have general and active control of its affairs and business and general supervision of its officers, agents and employees. Unless otherwise directed by the board of directors, the president shall attend in person or by substitute appointed by him, or shall execute on behalf of the corporation written instruments appointing a proxy or proxies to represent the corporation, at all meetings of the stockholders of any other corporation in which the corporation holds any stock. On behalf of the corporation, the president may in person or by substitute or by proxy execute written waivers of notice and consents with respect to any such meetings. At all such meetings and otherwise, the president, in person or by substitute or proxy, may vote the stock held by the corporation, execute written consents and other instruments with respect to such stock, and exercise any and all rights and powers incident to the ownership or said stock, subject to the instructions, if any, of the board of directors. The president shall have custody of the treasurer’s bond, if any.
Section 6. Vice Presidents. Any vice presidents designated by the board of directors as officers of the corporation shall assist the president and shall perform such duties as may be assigned to them by the president or by the board of directors. In the absence of the president, the vice president, if any (or, if more than one, the vice presidents in the order designated by the board of directors, or if the board makes no such designation, then the vice president designated by the president, or if neither the board nor the president makes any such designation, the senior vice president as determined by first election to that office), shall have the powers and perform the duties of the president.
Section 7. Secretary. In the event a secretary is designated by the board of directors as an officer of the corporation, the secretary shall (i) prepare and maintain as permanent records the minutes of the proceedings of the shareholders and the board of directors, a record of all actions taken by the shareholders or board of directors without a meeting, a record of all actions taken by a committee of the board of directors in place of the board of directors on behalf of the corporation, and a record of all waivers of notice of meetings of shareholders and of the board of directors or any committee thereof, (ii) see that all notices are duly given in accordance with the provisions of these bylaws and as required by law, (iii) serve as custodian of the corporate records and of the seal of the corporation and affix the seal to all documents when authorized by the board of directors, (iv) keep at the corporation’s registered office or principal place of business a record containing the names and addresses of all shareholders in a form that permits preparation of a list of shareholders arranged by voting group and by class or series of shares within each group, that is alphabetical within each class or series and that shows the address of, and the number of shares of each class or series held by each shareholder, unless such a record shall be kept at the office of the corporation’s transfer agent or registrar, (v) maintain at the corporation’s principal office the originals or copies of the corporation’s articles of incorporation, bylaws, minutes of all shareholders’ meetings and records of all action taken by shareholders without a meeting for the past three years, all written communications within the past three years to shareholders as a group or to the holders of any class or series of shares as a group, a list of the name and business addresses of the current directors and officers, a copy of the corporation’s most recent corporate report filed with the Secretary of State, and financial statements showing in reasonable detail the corporation’s assets and liabilities and results of operations for the last three years, (vi) have general charge of the stock transfer books of the corporation, unless the corporation has a transfer agent, (vii) authenticate records of the corporation, and (vii) in general, perform all duties incident to the office of secretary and such other duties as from time to time may be assigned to him by the president or by the board of directors. Assistant secretaries, if any, shall have the same duties and powers subject to supervision by the secretary. The directors and/or shareholders may however respectively designate a person other than the secretary or assistant secretary to keep the minutes of their respective meetings.
Any books, records, or minutes of the corporation may be in written form or in any form capable of being converted into written form within a reasonable time.
Section 8. Treasurer. In the event a treasurer is designated by the board of directors as an officer of the corporation, the treasurer shall be the principal financial officer of the corporation, shall have the care and custody of all funds, securities, evidences of indebtedness and other personal property of the corporation and shall deposit the same in accordance with the instructions of the board of directors. He shall receive and give receipts and acquittances for money paid in on account of the corporation, and shall pay out of the corporation’s funds on hand all bills, payrolls and other just debts of the corporation of whatever nature upon maturity. He shall perform all other duties incident to the office of the treasurer and, upon request of the board, shall make such reports to it as may be required at any time. He shall, if required by the board, give the corporation a bond in such sums and with such sureties as shall be satisfactory to the board, conditioned upon the faithful performance of his duties and for the restoration to the corporation of all books, papers, vouchers, money and other property of whatever kind in his possession or under his control belonging to the corporation. He shall have such other powers and perform such other duties as may from time to time be prescribed by the board of directors or the president. The assistant treasurers, if any, shall have the same powers and duties, subject to the supervision of the treasurer.
The treasurer shall also be the principal accounting officer of the corporation. He shall prescribe and maintain the methods and systems of accounting to be followed, keep complete books and records of account as required by the Nevada Business Corporation Act, prepare and file all local, state and federal tax returns, prescribe and maintain an adequate system of internal audit and prepare and furnish to the president and the board of directors statements of account showing the financial position of the corporation and the results of its operations.
ARTICLE V - Stock
Section 1. Certificates. The board of directors shall be authorized to issue any of its classes of shares with or without certificates. The fact that the shares are not represented by certificates shall have no effect on the rights and obligations of shareholders. If the shares are represented by certificates, such shares shall be represented by consecutively numbered certificates signed, either manually or by facsimile, in the name of the corporation by one or more persons designated by the board of directors. In case any officer who has signed or whose facsimile signature has been placed upon such certificate shall have ceased to be such officer before such
certificate is issued, such certificate may nonetheless be issued by the corporation with the same effect as if he were such officer at the date of its issue. Certificates of stock shall be in such form and shall contain such information consistent with law as shall be prescribed by the board of directors. If shares are not represented by certificates, within a reasonable time following the issue or transfer of such shares, the corporation shall send the shareholder a complete written statement of all of the information required to be provided to holders of uncertificated shares by the Nevada Business Corporation Act.
Section 2. Consideration for Shares. Certificated or uncertificated shares shall not be issued until the shares represented thereby are fully paid. The board of directors may authorize the issuance of shares for consideration consisting of any tangible or intangible property or benefit to the corporation, including cash, promissory notes, services performed or other securities of the corporation. Future services shall not constitute payment or partial payment for shares of the corporation. The promissory note of a subscriber or an affiliate of a subscriber shall not constitute payment or partial payment for shares of the corporation unless the note is negotiable and is secured by collateral, other than the shares being purchased, having a fair market value at least equal to the principal amount of the note. For purposes of this Section 2, "promissory note"
means a negotiable instrument on which there is an obligation to pay independent of collateral and does not include a non-recourse note.
Section 3. Lost Certificates. In case of the alleged loss, destruction or mutilation of a certificate of stock, the board of directors may direct the issuance of a new certificate in lieu thereof upon such terms and conditions in conformity with law as the board may prescribe. The board of directors may in its discretion require an affidavit of lost certificate and/or a bond in such form and amount and with such surety as it may determine before issuing a new certificate.
Section 4. Transfer of Shares. Upon surrender to the corporation or to a transfer agent of the corporation of a certificate of stock duly endorsed or accompanied by proper evidence of succession, assignment or authority to transfer, and receipt of such documentary stamps as may be required by law and evidence of compliance with all applicable securities laws and other restrictions, the corporation shall issue a new certificate to the person entitled thereto, and cancel the old certificate. Every such transfer of stock shall be entered on the stock books of the corporation which shall be kept at its principal office or by the person and at the place designated by the board of directors. Except as otherwise expressly provided in Article II, Sections 7 and 11, and except for the assertion of dissenters’ rights to the extent provided in the Nevada Business Corporation Act, the corporation shall be entitled to treat the registered holder of any shares of the corporation as the owner thereof for all purposes, and the corporation shall not be bound to recognize any equitable or other claim to, or interest in, such shares or rights deriving from such shares on the part of any person other than the registered holder, including without limitation any purchaser, assignee or transferee of such shares or rights deriving from such shares, unless and until such other person becomes the registered holder of such shares, whether or not the corporation shall have either actual or constructive notice of the claimed interest of such other person.
Section 5. Transfer Agent, Registrars and Paying Agents. The board may at its discretion appoint one or more transfer agents, registrars and agents for making payment upon any class of stock, bond, debenture or other security of the corporation. Such agents and registrars may be located either within or outside Nevada. They shall have such rights and duties and shall be entitled to such compensation as may be agreed.
ARTICLE VI - Indemnification of Certain Persons
Section 1. Indemnification. For purposes of Article VI, a "Proper Person" means any person who was or is a party or is threatened to be made a party to any threatened, pending, or complete action, suit or proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative, and whether formal or informal, by reason of the fact that he is or was a director, officer, employee, fiduciary or agent of the corporation, or is or was serving at the request of the corporation as a director, officer, partner, trustee, employee, fiduciary or agent of any foreign or domestic profit or nonprofit corporation or of any partnership, joint venture, trust, profit or nonprofit unincorporated association, limited liability company, or other enterprise or employee benefit plan. The corporation shall indemnify any Proper Person against reasonably incurred expenses (including any attorneys’ fees), judgments, penalties, fines (including any excise tax assessed with respect to an employee benefit plan) and amounts paid in settlement reasonably incurred by him in connection with such action, suit or proceeding if it is determined by the groups set forth in Section 4 of this Article that he conducted himself in good faith and that he reasonably believed (i) in the case of conduct in his official capacity with the corporation, that his conduct was in the corporation’s best interests, or (ii) in all other cases (except criminal cases), that his conduct was at least not opposed to the corporation’s best interests, or (iii) in the case of any criminal proceeding, that he had no reasonable cause to believe his conduct was unlawful. A Proper Person will be deemed to be acting in his official capacity while acting as a director, officer, employee or agent on behalf of this corporation and not while acting on this corporation’s behalf for some other entity.
No indemnification shall be made under this Article VI to a Proper Person with respect to any claim, issue or matter in connection with a proceeding by or in the right of a corporation in which the Proper Person was adjudged liable to the corporation or in connection with any proceeding charging that the Proper Person derived an improper personal benefit, whether or not involving action in an official capacity, in which he was adjudged liable on the basis that he derived an improper personal benefit. Further, indemnification under this Section in connection with a proceeding brought by or in the right of the corporation shall be limited to reasonable expenses, including attorneys’ fees, incurred in connection with the proceeding.
Section 2. Right to Indemnification. The corporation shall indemnify any Proper Person who was wholly successful, on the merits or otherwise, in defense of any action, suit, or proceeding as to which he was entitled to indemnification under Section 1 of this Article VI against expenses (including attorneys’ fees) reasonably incurred by him in connection with the proceeding without the necessity of any action by the corporation other than the determination in good faith that the defense has been wholly successful.
Section 3. Effect of Termination of Action. The termination of any action, suit or proceeding by judgment, order, settlement or conviction, or upon a plea of nolo contendere or its equivalent, shall not of itself create a presumption that the person seeking indemnification did not meet the standards of conduct described in Section 1 of this Article VI. Entry of a judgment by consent as part of a settlement shall not be deemed an adjudication of liability, as described in Section 2 of this Article VI.
Section 4. Groups Authorized to Make Indemnification Determination. Except where there is a right to indemnification as set forth in Sections 1 or 2 of this Article or where indemnification is ordered by a court in Section 5, any indemnification shall be made by the corporation only as authorized in the specific case upon a determination by a proper group that indemnification of the Proper Person is permissible under the circumstances because he has met the applicable standards of conduct set forth in Section 1 of this Article. This determination shall be made by the board of directors by a majority vote of those present at a meeting at which a quorum is present, which quorum shall consist of directors not parties to the proceeding ("Quorum"). If a Quorum cannot be obtained, the determination shall be made by a majority vote of a committee of the board of directors designated by the board, which committee shall consist of two or more directors not parties to the proceeding, except that directors who are parties to the proceeding may participate in the designation of directors for the committee. If a Quorum of the board of directors cannot be obtained and the committee cannot be established, or even if a Quorum is obtained or the committee is designated and a majority of the directors constituting such Quorum or committee so directs, the determination shall be made by (i) independent legal counsel selected by a vote of the board of directors or the committee in the manner specified in this Section 4, or, if a Quorum of the full board of directors cannot be obtained and a committee cannot be established, by independent legal counsel selected by a majority vote of the full board (including directors who are parties to the action) or (ii) a vote of the shareholders.
Section 5. Court-Ordered Indemnification. Any Proper Person may apply for indemnification to the court conducting the proceeding or to another court of competent jurisdiction for mandatory indemnification under Section 2 of this Article, including indemnification for reasonable expenses incurred to obtain court- ordered indemnification. If the court determines that such Proper Person is fairly and reasonably entitled to indemnification in view of all the relevant circumstances, whether or not he met the standards of conduct set forth in Section 1 of this Article or was adjudged liable in the proceeding, the court may order such indemnification as the court deems proper except that if the Proper Person has been adjudged liable, indemnification shall be limited to reasonable expenses incurred in connection with the proceeding and reasonable expenses incurred to obtain court-ordered indemnification.
Section 6. Advance of Expenses. Reasonable expenses (including attorneys’ fees) incurred in defending an action, suit or proceeding as described in Section 1 may be paid by the corporation to any Proper Person in advance of the final disposition of such action, suit or proceeding upon receipt of (i) a written affirmation of such Proper Person’s good faith belief that he has met the standards of conduct prescribed by Section 1 of this Article VI, (ii) a written undertaking, executed personally or on the Proper Person’s behalf, to repay such advances if it is ultimately determined that he did not meet the prescribed standards of conduct (the undertaking shall be an unlimited general obligation of the Proper Person but need not be secured and may be accepted without reference to financial ability to make repayment), and (iii) a determination is made by the proper group (as described in Section 3 of this Article VI) that the facts as then known to the group would not preclude indemnification. Determination and authorization of payments shall be made in the same manner specified in Section 4 of this Article VI.
Section 7. Witness Expenses. The sections of this Article VI do not limit the corporation’s authority to pay or reimburse expenses incurred by a director in connection with an appearance as a witness in a proceeding at a time when he has not been a named defendant or respondent in the proceeding.
Section 8. Report to Shareholders. Any indemnification of or advance of expenses to a director in accordance with this Article VI, if arising out of a proceeding by or on behalf of the corporation, shall be reported in writing to the shareholders with or before the notice of the next shareholders’ meeting. If the next shareholder action is taken without a meeting at the instigation of the board of directors, such notice shall be given to the shareholders at or before the time the first shareholder signs a writing consenting to such action.
ARTICLE VII - Provision of Insurance
By action of the board of directors, notwithstanding any interest of the directors in the action, the corporation may purchase and maintain insurance, in such scope and amounts as the board of directors deems appropriate on behalf of any person who is or was a director, officer, employee, fiduciary or agent of the corporation, or who, while a director, officer, employee, fiduciary or agent of the corporation, is or was serving at the request of the corporation as a director, officer, partner, trustee, employee, fiduciary or agent of any other foreign or domestic corporation or of any partnership, joint venture, trust, profit or nonprofit unincorporated association, limited liability company or other enterprise or employee benefit plan, against any liability asserted against, or incurred by, him in that capacity arising out of his status as such, whether or not the corporation would have the power to indemnify him against such liability under the provisions of Article VI or applicable law. Any such insurance may be procured from any insurance company designated by the board of directors of the corporation, whether such insurance company is formed under the laws of Nevada or any other jurisdiction of the United States or elsewhere, including any insurance company in which the corporation has an equity interest or any other interest, through stock ownership or otherwise.
ARTICLE VIII - Miscellaneous
Section 1. Seal. The corporate seal of the corporation shall be circular in form and shall contain the name of the corporation and the words, "Seal, Nevada."
Section 2. Fiscal Year. The fiscal year of the corporation shall be as established by the board of directors.
Section 3. Amendments. The board of directors shall have power, to the maximum extent permitted by the Nevada Business Corporation Act, to make, amend and repeal the bylaws of the corporation at any regular or special meeting of the board unless the shareholders, in making, amending or repealing a particular bylaw, expressly provide that the directors may not amend or repeal such bylaw. The shareholders also shall have the power to make, amend or repeal the bylaws of the corporation at any annual meeting or at any special meeting called for that purpose.
Section 4. Gender. The masculine gender is used in these bylaws as a matter of convenience only and shall be interpreted to include the feminine and neuter genders as the circumstances indicate.
Section 5. Conflicts. In the event of any irreconcilable conflict between these bylaws and either the corporation’s articles of incorporation or applicable law, the latter shall control.
Section 6. Definitions. Except as otherwise specifically provided in these bylaws, all terms used in these bylaws shall have the same definition as in the Nevada Business Corporation Act.
THE FOREGOING BYLAWS, constitute the bylaws of Force Protection Inc., adopted by the board of directors of the corporation as of _________________, 2005.
By:__________________________
Title:
ATTACHMENT D
CERTIFICATE OF AMENDMENT
TO
ARTICLES OF INCORPORATION
OF
FORCE PROTECTION, INC.
The undersigned hereby certifies as follows:
ONE: That they are the President and Secretary, respectively, of Force Protection, Inc., a ________ Corporation (the "Corporation"), being the surviving entity of a Merger between the Corporation and a Colorado corporation of the same name (“FPI Colorado”) which merger was duly authorized and approved and which became effective as of __________________. Under the terms of the Merger, all existing corporate action, identity and authority of FPI Colorado was transferred and merged into the Corporation.
TWO: That, at a meeting of the Board of Directors held on ___________ which was approved by a subsequent stockholders’ vote, the Corporation resolved to amend its Articles of Incorporation (such action being the action of the Corporation by virtue of the Merger), as follows:
IT IS RESOLVED, that the Articles of Incorporation are hereby amended to read as follows:
NINTH: That the Board of Directors be authorized, without further approval of the shareholders, to take all steps necessary to effect, or in its discretion not to effect, a reverse split of the Common Stock of the Corporation on the basis of a ratio within the range of two to twelve PRE-SPLIT shares for every one POST-SPLIT share of Common Stock, with the ratio to be selected and implemented by the Corporation’s Board of Directors in its sole discretion (the "Reverse Split"), and further that the Board of Director be authorized to take all others actions necessary and appropriate to effect such Reverse Split if so required.
THREE: This Amendment was approved by the required vote of stockholders in accordance with the Corporation’s law of the state of __________. The total number of outstanding shares of each class entitled to vote for the amendment was _______________. The number of shares of each class voting for the amendment equaled or exceeded the vote required, that being over fifty (50%) percent. The amendment was approved by a vote of __________ shares, or _______% of all shares entitled to vote.
Dated: __________________
We the undersigned, hereby declare under penalty of perjury, in accordance with the laws of the state of _______________, that we are the President and Secretary of the above-referenced Corporation, that we executed this Certificate of Amendment to the Articles of Incorporation, that we have personal knowledge of the information contained therein, and that the information contained therein is true and correct.
By: __________________________
Title:
By: __________________________
Title:
Attachment E
RIGHTS OF DISSENTERS - COLORADO LAW
0-000-000.
Definitions.
For purposes of
this article:
(1) "Beneficial shareholder" means the beneficial owner of shares held in a voting trust or by a nominee as the record shareholder.
(2) "Corporation" means the issuer of the shares held by a dissenter before the corporate action, or the surviving or acquiring domestic or foreign corporation, by merger or share exchange of that issuer.
(3) "Dissenter" means a shareholder who is entitled to dissent from corporate action under section 0-000-000 and who exercises that right at the time and in the manner required by part 2 of this article.
(4) "Fair value", with respect to a dissenter’s shares, means the value of the shares immediately before the effective date of the corporate action to which the dissenter objects, excluding any appreciation or depreciation in anticipation of the corporate action except to the extent that exclusion would be inequitable.
(5) "Interest" means interest from the effective date of the corporate action until the date of payment, at the average rate currently paid by the corporation on its principal bank loans or, if none, at the legal rate as specified in section 5-12-101, C.R.S.
(6) "Record shareholder" means the person in whose name shares are registered in the records of a corporation or the beneficial owner of shares that are registered in the name of a nominee to the extent such owner is recognized by the corporation as the shareholder as provided in section 0-000-000.
(7) "Shareholder" means either a record shareholder or a beneficial shareholder.
0-000-000. Right to dissent.
(1) A shareholder, whether or not entitled to vote, is entitled to dissent and obtain payment of the fair value of the shareholder’s shares in the event of any of the following corporate actions:
(a) Consummation of a plan of merger to which the corporation is a party if:
(I) Approval by the shareholders of that corporation is required for the merger by section 0-000-000 or 0-000-000 or by the articles of incorporation; or
(II) The corporation is a subsidiary that is merged with its parent corporation under section 0-000-000;
(b) Consummation of a plan of share exchange to which the corporation is a party as the corporation whose shares will be acquired;
(c) Consummation of a sale, lease, exchange, or other disposition of all, or substantially all, of the property of the corporation for which a shareholder vote is required under section 0-000-000 (1); and
(d) Consummation of a sale, lease, exchange, or other disposition of all, or substantially all, of the property of an entity controlled by the corporation if the shareholders of the corporation were entitled to vote upon the consent of the corporation to the disposition pursuant to section 0-000-000 (2).
(1.3) A shareholder is not entitled to dissent and obtain payment, under subsection (1) of this section, of the fair value of the shares of any class or series of shares which either were listed on a national securities exchange registered under the federal "Securities Exchange Act of 1934", as amended, or on the national market system of the national association of securities dealers automated quotation system, or were held of record by more than two thousand shareholders, at the time of:
(a) The record date fixed under section 0-000-000 to determine the shareholders entitled to receive notice of the shareholders’ meeting at which the corporate action is submitted to a vote;
(b) The record date fixed under section 0-000-000 to determine shareholders entitled to sign writings consenting to the corporate action; or
(c) The effective date of the corporate action if the corporate action is authorized other than by a vote of shareholders.
(1.8) The limitation set forth in subsection (1.3) of this section shall not apply if the shareholder will receive for the shareholder’s shares, pursuant to the corporate action, anything except:
(a) Shares of the corporation surviving the consummation of the plan of merger or share exchange;
(b) Shares of any other corporation which at the effective date of the plan of merger or share exchange either will be listed on a national securities exchange registered under the federal "Securities Exchange Act of 1934", as amended, or on the national market system of the national association of securities dealers automated quotation system, or will be held of record by more than two thousand shareholders;
(c) Cash in lieu of fractional shares; or
(d) Any combination of the foregoing described shares or cash in lieu of fractional shares.
(2) (Deleted by amendment, L. 96, p. 1321, § 30, effective June 1, 1996.)
(2.5) A shareholder, whether or not entitled to vote, is entitled to dissent and obtain payment of the fair value of the shareholder’s shares in the event of a reverse split that reduces the number of shares owned by the shareholder to a fraction of a share or to scrip if the fractional share or scrip so created is to be acquired for cash or the scrip is to be voided under section 0-000-000.
(3) A shareholder is entitled to dissent and obtain payment of the fair value of the shareholder’s shares in the event of any corporate action to the extent provided by the bylaws or a resolution of the board of directors.
(4) A shareholder entitled to dissent and obtain payment for the shareholder’s shares under this article may not challenge the corporate action creating such entitlement unless the action is unlawful or fraudulent with respect to the shareholder or the corporation.
0-000-000. Dissent by nominees and beneficial owners.
(1) A record shareholder may assert dissenters’ rights as to fewer than all the shares registered in the record shareholder’s name only if the record shareholder dissents with respect to all shares beneficially owned by any one person and causes the corporation to receive written notice which states such dissent and the name, address, and federal taxpayer identification number, if any, of each person on whose behalf the record shareholder asserts dissenters’ rights. The rights of a record shareholder under this subsection (1) are determined as if the shares as to which the record shareholder dissents and the other shares of the record shareholder were registered in the names of different shareholders.
(2) A beneficial shareholder may assert dissenters’ rights as to the shares held on the beneficial shareholder’s behalf only if:
(a) The beneficial shareholder causes the corporation to receive the record shareholder’s written consent to the dissent not later than the time the beneficial shareholder asserts dissenters’ rights; and
(b) The beneficial shareholder dissents with respect to all shares beneficially owned by the beneficial shareholder.
(3) The corporation may require that, when a record shareholder dissents with respect to the shares held by any one or more beneficial shareholders, each such beneficial shareholder must certify to the corporation that the beneficial shareholder and the record shareholder or record shareholders of all shares owned beneficially by the beneficial shareholder have asserted, or will timely assert, dissenters’ rights as to all such shares as to which there is no limitation on the ability to exercise dissenters’ rights. Any such requirement shall be stated in the dissenters’ notice given pursuant to section 0-000-000.
PART 2 PROCEDURE FOR EXERCISE OF DISSENTERS’ RIGHTS
0-000-000. Notice of dissenters’ rights.
(1) If a proposed corporate action creating dissenters’ rights under section 0-000-000> is submitted to a vote at a shareholders’ meeting, the notice of the meeting shall be given to all shareholders, whether or not entitled to vote. The notice shall state that shareholders are or may be entitled to assert dissenters’ rights under this article and shall be accompanied by a copy of this article and the materials, if any, that, under articles 101 to 117 of this title, are required to be given to shareholders entitled to vote on the proposed action at the meeting. Failure to give notice as provided by this subsection (1) shall not affect any action taken at the shareholders’ meeting for which the notice was to have been given, but any shareholder who was entitled to dissent but who was not given such notice shall not be precluded from demanding payment for the shareholder’s shares under this article by reason of the shareholder’s failure to comply with the provisions of section 0-000-000 (1).
(2) If a proposed corporate action creating dissenters’ rights under section 0-000-000 is authorized without a meeting of shareholders pursuant to section 0-000-000, any written or oral solicitation of a shareholder to execute a writing consenting to such action contemplated in section 0-000-000 shall be accompanied or preceded by a written notice stating that shareholders are or may be entitled to assert dissenters’ rights under this article, by a copy of this article, and by the materials, if any, that, under articles 101 to 117 of this title, would have been required to be given to shareholders entitled to vote on the proposed action if the proposed action were submitted to a vote at a shareholders’ meeting. Failure to give notice as provided by this subsection (2) shall not affect any action taken pursuant to section 0-000-000 for which the notice was to have been given, but any shareholder who was entitled to dissent but who was not given such notice shall not be precluded from demanding payment for the shareholder’s shares under this article by reason of the shareholder’s failure to comply with the provisions of section 0-000-000 (2).
(1) If a proposed corporate action creating dissenters’ rights under section 0-000-000 is submitted to a vote at a shareholders’ meeting and if notice of dissenters’ rights has been given to such shareholder in connection with the action pursuant to section 0-000-000 (1), a shareholder who wishes to assert dissenters’ rights shall:
(a) Cause the corporation to receive, before the vote is taken, written notice of the shareholder’s intention to demand payment for the shareholder’s shares if the proposed corporate action is effectuated; and
(b) Not vote the shares in favor of the proposed corporate action.
(2) If a proposed corporate action creating dissenters’ rights under section 0-000-000 is authorized without a meeting of shareholders pursuant to section 0-000-000 and if notice of dissenters’ rights has been given to such shareholder in connection with the action pursuant to section 0-000-000 (2), a shareholder who wishes to assert dissenters’ rights shall not execute a writing consenting to the proposed corporate action.
(3) A shareholder who does not satisfy the requirements of subsection (1) or (2) of this section is not entitled to demand payment for the shareholder’s shares under this article.
0-000-000. Dissenters’ notice.
(1) If a proposed corporate action creating dissenters’ rights under section 0-000-000 is authorized, the corporation shall give a written dissenters’ notice to all shareholders who are entitled to demand payment for their shares under this article.
(2) The dissenters’ notice required by subsection (1) of this section shall be given no later than ten days after the effective date of the corporate action creating dissenters’ rights under section 0-000-000 and shall:
(a) State that the corporate action was authorized and state the effective date or proposed effective date of the corporate action;
(b) State an address at which the corporation will receive payment demands and the address of a place where certificates for certificated shares must be deposited;
(c) Inform holders of uncertificated shares to what extent transfer of the shares will be restricted after the payment demand is received;
(d) Supply a form for demanding payment, which form shall request a dissenter to state an address to which payment is to be made;
(e) Set the date by which the corporation must receive the payment demand and certificates for certificated shares, which date shall not be less than thirty days after the date the notice required by subsection (1) of this section is given;
(f) State the requirement contemplated in section 0-000-000 (3), if such requirement is imposed; and
(g) Be accompanied by a copy of this article.
0-000-000. Procedure to demand payment.
(1) A shareholder who is given a dissenters’ notice pursuant to section 0-000-000 and who wishes to assert dissenters’ rights shall, in accordance with the terms of the dissenters’ notice:
(a) Cause the corporation to receive a payment demand, which may be the payment demand form contemplated in section 0-000-000 (2) (d), duly completed, or may be stated in another writing; and
(b) Deposit the shareholder’s certificates for certificated shares.
(2) A shareholder who demands payment in accordance with subsection (1) of this section retains all rights of a shareholder, except the right to transfer the shares, until the effective date of the proposed corporate action giving rise to the shareholder’s exercise of dissenters’ rights and has only the right to receive payment for the shares after the effective date of such corporate action.
(3) Except as provided in section 0-000-000 or 0-000-000 (1) (b), the demand for payment and deposit of certificates are irrevocable.
(4) A shareholder who does not demand payment and deposit the shareholder’s share certificates as required by the date or dates set in the dissenters’ notice is not entitled to payment for the shares under this article.
0-000-000. Uncertificated shares.
(1) Upon receipt of a demand for payment under section 0-000-000 from a shareholder holding uncertificated shares, and in lieu of the deposit of certificates representing the shares, the corporation may restrict the transfer thereof.
(2) In all other respects, the provisions of section 0-000-000 shall be applicable to shareholders who own uncertificated shares.
0-000-000. Payment
(1) Except as provided in section 0-000-000, upon the effective date of the corporate action creating dissenters’ rights under section 0-000-000 or upon receipt of a payment demand pursuant to section 0-000-000, whichever is later, the corporation shall pay each dissenter who complied with section 0-000-000, at the address stated in the payment demand, or if no such address is stated in the payment demand, at the address shown on the corporation’s current record of shareholders for the record shareholder holding the dissenter’s shares, the amount the corporation estimates to be the fair value of the dissenter’s shares, plus accrued interest.
(2) The payment made pursuant to subsection (1) of this section shall be accompanied by:
(a) The corporation’s balance sheet as of the end of its most recent fiscal year or, if that is not available, the corporation’s balance sheet as of the end of a fiscal year ending not more than sixteen months before the date of payment, an income statement for that year, and, if the corporation customarily provides such statements to shareholders, a statement of changes in shareholders’ equity for that year and a statement of cash flow for that year, which balance sheet and statements shall have been audited if the corporation customarily provides audited financial statements to shareholders, as well as the latest available financial statements, if any, for the interim or full-year period, which financial statements need not be audited;
(b) A statement of the corporation’s estimate of the fair value of the shares;
(c) An explanation of how the interest was calculated;
(d) A statement of the dissenter’s right to demand payment under section 0-000-000; and
(e) A copy of this article.
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