McGraw-Hill Global Education Intermediate Holdings, LLC As Guarantor to the 9.75% First-Priority Senior Secured Notes due 2021 and the Senior Facilities Comprised of Term Loan Facility due 2019 and Revolving Credit Facility due 2018 Quarterly Report...

Exhibit 99.1

XxXxxx-Xxxx Global Education Intermediate Holdings, LLC

As Guarantor to the 9.75% First-Priority Senior Secured Notes due 2021

and the Senior Facilities Comprised of Term Loan Facility due 2019

and Revolving Credit Facility due 2018

Quarterly Report

As of March 31, 2014

Prepared Pursuant to Section 4.02 of the Indenture Dated as of March 22, 2013

and Section 5.04 of the First Lien Credit Agreement Dated as of March 22, 2013

Overview

On March 22,2013, MHE Acquisition, LLC, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Georgia Holdings, Inc., acquired all of the outstanding equity interests of certain subsidiaries of The XxXxxx-Xxxx Companies, Inc. (“MHC”) (the “Founding Acquisition”). The acquired subsidiaries included all of MHC’s educational materials and learning solutions business, which is comprised of two elements (i) the Higher Education, Professional, and International Group (the “HPI business”) which includes post-secondary education and professional products both in the U.S. and internationally and (ii) the School Education Group business (the “SEG business”), which includes school and assessment products targeting students in the pre-kindergarten through secondary school market.

MHE Acquisition, LLC was formed and is owned by investment funds affiliated with Apollo Global Management, LLC (“Apollo” or the “Sponsor”). XxXxxx-Xxxx Global Education Intermediate Holdings, LLC (the “Company,” “the Successor” or “MHGE Intermediate”) and its wholly owned subsidiary XxXxxx-Xxxx Global Education Holdings, LLC (“MHGE Holdings”) were created to facilitate the Founding Acquisition. The terms “we,” “our,” and “us” used herein refer to the Company. In connection with the Founding Acquisition, a restructuring was completed, the result of which was that the HPI business and the SEG business were separated into two legal entities. The HPI business is now owned by MHGE Holdings, and the SEG business is owned by XxXxxx-Xxxx School Education Intermediate Holdings, LLC (“MHSE Holdings”), a separate wholly owned subsidiary of MHE US Holdings LLC, our direct parent (“Parent”). MHSE Holdings is financed through a separate debt structure. Neither MHGE Holdings nor its parent companies guarantee or provide any collateral to the financing for MHSE Holdings, and MHSE Holdings does not guarantee or provide collateral to the financing for MHGE Holdings or its parent companies.

The term “Predecessor” refers to the historical combined information of MHGE Holdings prior to giving effect to the consummation of the Founding Acquisition, but after giving effect to the Restructuring. The term “Successor” refers to XxXxxx-Xxxx Global Education Intermediate Holdings, LLC after giving effect to the consummation of the Founding Acquisition. See Notes 1 through 3 to the combined consolidated financial statements for additional information.

Table of Contents


		Page

Section 1:	Combined Consolidated Statements of Operations for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2014 (Successor), Periods March 23, 2013 to March 31, 2013 (Successor) and January 1, 2013 to March 22, 2013 (Predecessor)		3

	Combined Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2014 (Successor), Periods March 23, 2013 to March 31, 2013 (Successor) and January 1, 2013 to March 22, 2013 (Predecessor)		4

	Consolidated Balance Sheets at March 31, 2014 (Successor) and December 31, 2013 (Successor)		5

	Combined Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2014 (Successor), Periods March 23, 2013 to March 31, 2013 (Successor) and January 1, 2013 to March 22, 2013 (Predecessor)		6

	Combined Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity (Deficit) for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2014 (Successor), Periods from December 31, 2012 to March 22, 2013 (Predecessor) and March 23, 2013 to March 31, 2013 (Successor)		8

	Notes to the Combined Consolidated Financial Statements		9

Section 2:	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations		28 - 40

XxXxxx-Xxxx Global Education Intermediate Holdings, LLC and Subsidiaries

Combined Consolidated Statements of Operations

(Dollars in thousands)


	Successor						Predecessor
	Three Months			March 23, 2013			January 1, 2013
	Ended March 31,			to			to
	2014			March 31, 2013			March 22, 2013
Revenue	$	204,571		$	12,883		$	186,242
Cost of goods sold		53,820			10,243			56,249

Gross profit		150,751			2,640			129,993
Operating expenses
Operating & administration expenses		168,201			11,550			129,336
Depreciation		5,000			430			3,874
Amortization of intangibles		25,649			2,171			1,699
Transaction costs		2,565			17,416			—

Total operating expenses		201,415			31,567			134,909

Operating (loss) income		(50,664	)		(28,927	)		(4,916	)
Interest expense (income), net		44,319			4,405			481
Other (income)		(8,604	)		—			—

(Loss) income from operations before taxes on income		(86,379	)		(33,332	)		(5,397	)
Income tax (benefit) provision		(29,092	)		(12,179	)		(1,213	)

Net (loss) income		(57,287	)		(21,153	)		(4,184	)
Less: Net (income) loss attributable to noncontrolling interests		118			—			631

Net (loss) income attributable to XxXxxx-Xxxx Global Education Intermediate Holdings, LLC	$	(57,169	)	$	(21,153	)	$	(3,553	)

See accompanying notes to the unaudited combined consolidated financial statements

XxXxxx-Xxxx Global Education Intermediate Holdings, LLC and Subsidiaries

Combined Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss)

(Unaudited)

(Dollars in thousands)


	Successor						Predecessor
	Three Months Ended March 31, 2014			March 23, 2013 to March 31, 2013			January 1, 2013 to March 22, 2013
Net (loss) income	$	(57,287	)	$	(21,153	)	$	(4,184	)
Other comprehensive (loss) income:
Foreign currency translation adjustment		(850	)		(18	)		(1,376	)
Unrealized gain on investments, net of tax of $49 and $51 for the three months ended March 31, 2014 (Successor) and the period January 1, 2013 to March 22, 2013 (Predecessor), respectively		78			—			79

Comprehensive (loss) income		(58,059	)		(21,171	)		(5,481	)
Less: Comprehensive (income) loss attributable to noncontrolling interest		118			—			631

Comprehensive (loss) income attributable to XxXxxx-Xxxx Global Education Intermediate Holdings, LLC	$	(57,941	)	$	(21,171	)	$	(4,850	)

See accompanying notes to the unaudited combined consolidated financial statements

XxXxxx-Xxxx Global Education Intermediate Holdings, LLC and Subsidiaries

Consolidated Balance Sheets

(Dollars in thousands)


	Successor
	March 31, 2014			December 31, 2013
Current assets

Cash and equivalents	$	155,885		$	253,390

Accounts receivable, net of allowance for doubtful accounts of $14,606 and $16,213 and sales returns of $110,552 and $168,383 at March 31, 2014 (Successor) and December 31, 2013 (Successor), respectively		69,833			225,455
Related party		1,270			27,363
Inventories, net		85,670			80,288
Deferred income taxes		35,006			37,406
Prepaid and other current assets		51,200			25,553

Total current assets		398,864			649,455

Prepublication costs, net		94,706			96,406
Property, plant and equipment, net		83,979			100,688
Goodwill		407,680			314,275
Other intangible assets, net		1,007,859			1,051,717
Investments		14,208			23,605
Deferred income taxes non-current		47,809			25,831
Other non-current assets		99,537			105,221

Total assets	$	2,154,642		$	2,367,198

Liabilities and equity
Current liabilities
Accounts payable	$	99,501		$	131,422
Accrued royalties		8,859			94,030
Accrued compensation and contributions to retirement plans		30,804			77,395
Unearned revenue		103,331			121,773
Current portion of long-term debt		6,880			8,100
Other current liabilities		155,259			127,381

Total current liabilities		404,634			560,101

Long-term debt		1,449,669			1,483,815
Deferred income taxes		18,161			34,588
Other non-current liabilities		65,553			65,426

Total liabilities		1,938,017			2,143,930

Commitments and contingencies
Equity

Member’s equity		348,642			295,949
Accumulated deficit		(143,131	)		(85,962	)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss		(10,981	)		(10,209	)

Total Parent company equity		194,530			199,778
Total equity - noncontrolling interests		22,095			23,490

Total equity		216,625			223,268

Total liabilities and equity	$	2,154,642		$	2,367,198

See accompanying notes to the unaudited combined consolidated financial statements

XxXxxx-Xxxx Global Education Intermediate Holdings, LLC and Subsidiaries

Combined Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

(Dollars in thousands)


	Successor						Predecessor
	Three Months Ended March 31, 2014			March 23, 2013 to March 31, 2013			January 1, 2013 to March 22, 2013
Operating activities
Net (loss) income including noncontrolling interests	$	(57,287	)	$	(21,153	)	$	(4,184	)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss including noncontrolling interests to net cash provided by operating activities
Depreciation (including amortization of technology projects)		5,000			430			3,874
Amortization of intangibles		25,649			2,171			1,699
Amortization of prepublication costs		10,310			1,129			10,165
Loss on sale of PP&E		—			—			5
Provision for losses on accounts receivable		(1,305	)		—			(34	)
Deferred income taxes		(20,679	)		—			(178	)
Stock-based compensation		1,693			17			3,294
Amortization of debt discount		1,353			135			—
Amortization of deferred financing costs		2,642			363			—
Restructuring charges		6,084			—			—
Other		2,530			—			—
Changes in operating assets and liabilities, net of the effect of acquisitions
Accounts receivable		157,181			10,953			117,941
Inventories		(8,307	)		3,512			(10,829	)
Prepaid and other current assets		(10,435	)		9,449			(19,204	)
Accounts payable and accrued expenses		(140,545	)		(8,034	)		(50,120	)
Unearned revenue		(18,388	)		304			(26,435	)
Other current liabilities		20,382			5,663			8,221
Net change in prepaid and accrued
income taxes		(2,922	)		(12,179	)		(8,075	)
Net change in operating assets and liabilities		(2,492	)		55			3,607

Cash provided by (used for) operating activities		(29,536	)		(7,185	)		29,747

Investing activities
Investment in prepublication costs		(9,220	)		(1 ,570	)		(14,128	)
Capital expenditures		(868	)		—			(1 ,911	)
Acquisitions		(28,044	)		(1,739,447	)		(33,089	)
Proceeds from dispositions		8,653			—			—

Xxxx used for investing activities		(29,479	)		(1,741,017	)		(49,128	)

Financing activities
Net transfers (to) from Parent		—			—			(55,910	)
Borrowings on long-term debt		—			1,574,796			—
Payment of term loan		(36,720	)		—			—
Net change in revolving facility		—			35,000			—
Equity contribution		—			950,000			—
Payment of acquisition costs on behalf of Parent		—			(28,672	)		—
Distribution to Parent		—			(628,854	)		—

XxXxxx-Xxxx Global Education Intermediate Holdings, LLC and Subsidiaries

Combined Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

(Dollars in thousands)


Dividends paid to noncontrolling interests		(169	)		—			(1,814	)
Payment of deferred loan acquisition costs		—			(84,375	)		—

Cash provided by (used for) financing activities		(36,889	)		1,817,895			(57,724	)

Effect of exchange rate changes on cash		(1,601	)		(18	)		(1,450	)

Net change in cash and cash equivalents		(97,505	)		69,675			(78,555	)
Cash and cash equivalents at the beginning of the period		253,390			19,633			98,188

Cash and cash equivalents, ending balance	$	155,885		$	89,308		$	19,633

Supplemental disclosures
Xxxx paid for interest expense		15,309			—			—
Cash paid for income taxes		1,226			—			3,855

See accompanying notes to the unaudited combined consolidated financial statements

XxXxxx-Xxxx Global Education Intermediate Holdings, LLC and Subsidiaries

Combined Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity (Deficit)

(Dollars in thousands, except per share data)


	Member’s Equity/ Parent Company Investment			Accumulated Deficit			Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss			Total Parent Company Equity			Noncontrolling Interests			Total Equity
*Predecessor*
Balance at December 31, 2012	$	724,274		$	—		$	(74,429	)	$	649,845		$	24,735		$	674,580

Comprehensive loss, net of tax		—			(3,553	)		(1,297	)		(4,850	)		(631	)		(5,481	)
Acquisition of non-controlling interest		(14,672	)		—			—			(14,672	)		(10,374	)		(25,046	)
Dividends paid to non-controlling interests		—			—			—			—			(1,814	)		(1,814	)
Stock-based compensation		3,294			—			—			3,294			—			3,294
Net decrease in Parent company investment		(56,418	)		—			—			(56,418	)		—			(56,418	)

Balance at March 22, 2013	$	656,478		$	(3,553	)	$	(75,726	)	$	577,199		$	11,916		$	589,115

*Successor*
Balance at March 23, 2013	$	—		$	—		$	—		$	—		$	—		$	—
Equity contribution		9,50,000			—			—			950,000			—			950,000
Non-controlling interest acquired in the Acquisition		—			—			—			—			22,225			22,225
Comprehensive loss, net of tax		—			(85,962	)		(10,209	)		(96,171	)		1,791			(94,380	)
Distribution to Parent		(628,854	)		—			—			(628,854	)					(628,854	)
Payment of acquisition costs on behalf of MHE Acquisition, LLC		(28,672	)		—			—			(28,672	)		—			(28,672	)
Stock-based compensation		4,886			—			—			4,886			—			4,886
Dividend on restricted stock units		(1,411	)		—			—			(1,411	)		—			(1,411	)
Dividends paid to non-controlling interests		—			—			—			—			(526	)		(526	)

Balance at December 31, 2013	$	295,949		$	(85,962	)	$	(10,209	)	$	199,778		$	23,490		$	223,268

Non-controlling interest acquired in the Acquisition		—			—			—			—			(371	)		(371	)
Comprehensive loss, net of tax		—			(57,169	)		(772	)		(57,941	)		(855	)		(58,796	)
Contribution of shares from Georgia Holdings for acquisition and consideration		42,500			—			—			42,500						42,500
Georgia Holdings shares reserved for acquisition earn out		8,500			—			—			8,500			—			8,500
Stock-based compensation		1,693			—			—			1,693			—			1,693
Dividends paid to non-controlling interests		—			—			—			—			(169	)		(169	)

Balance at March 31,2014	$	348,642		$	(143,131	)	$	(10,981	)	$	194,530		$	22,095		$	216,625

See accompanying notes to the unaudited combined consolidated financial statements

XxXxxx-Xxxx Global Education Intermediate Holdings, LLC and Subsidiaries

Notes to the Combined Consolidated Financial Statements

(Dollars in thousands, unless otherwise indicated)

1.	Basis of Presentation and Accounting Policies

On March 22, 2013, MHE Acquisition, LLC, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Georgia Holdings, Inc., acquired all of the outstanding equity interests of certain subsidiaries of The XxXxxx-Xxxx Companies, Inc. (“MHC”) for $2,184,071 in cash (the “Founding Acquisition”). The acquired subsidiaries included all of MHC’s educational materials and learning solutions business, which is comprised of two elements (i) the Higher Education, Professional, and International Group (the “HPI business” which includes post-secondary education and professional products both in the U.S. and internationally and (ii) the School Education Group business (the “SEG business”), which includes school and assessment products targeting students in the pre-kindergarten through secondary school market. The purchase price was allocated as $1,711,348 and $472,723 to the HPI business and the SEG business, respectively based on their fair values.

Successor Basis of Presentation

The accompanying combined consolidated financial statements present separately the financial position, results of operations, cash flows and changes in invested equity for the Company on a “Successor” basis (reflecting the Company’s ownership by funds affiliated with Apollo) and “Predecessor” basis (reflecting the Company’s ownership by MHC). The financial information of the Company has been separated by a vertical line on the face of the combined consolidated financial statements to identify these different bases of accounting.

Predecessor Basis of Presentation

MHGE Holdings is our predecessor for accounting purposes (the “Predecessor”). Historically, the Predecessor did not operate as an independent standalone company. The Predecessor’s combined financial statements have been carved-out of the historical combined financial statements of XxXxxx-Xxxx Education, LLC for the periods prior to the Founding Acquisition. In connection with the Founding Acquisition, all of the HPI business’s assets and liabilities were revised to reflect their fair values on the date of Founding Acquisition, based upon an allocation of the overall purchase price to the underlying net assets acquired.

These combined consolidated financial statements reflect our financial position, results of operations and cash flows in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”). The combined financial statements of the Predecessor includes certain assets and liabilities that have historically been held at the XxXxxx-Xxxx Companies, Inc (“MHC”) corporate level but are specifically identifiable or otherwise attributable to us.

Intercompany transactions between the Company and MHC that have been included in the Predecessor’s combined financial statements are considered to be effectively settled for cash in the combined consolidated financial statements at the time the transaction is recorded. The total net effect of the settlement of these intercompany transactions is reflected in the Predecessor’s historical combined consolidated statements of cash flows as a financing activity and in the Predecessor’s combined consolidated balance sheets as “Parent company investment.”

XxXxxx-Xxxx Global Education Intermediate Holdings, LLC and Subsidiaries

Notes to the Combined Consolidated Financial Statements

(Dollars in thousands, unless otherwise indicated)

The Predecessor’s historical combined financial statements include expense allocations for: (1) certain corporate functions historically provided by MHC including, but not limited to, finance, legal, tax, treasury, information technology, human resources, and certain other shared services; (2) employee benefits and incentives; (3) share-based compensation; and (4) occupancy. These expenses were allocated to the Predecessor on the basis of direct usage when identifiable, with the remainder allocated on a pro-rata basis of square feet occupied for occupancy costs, consolidated sales, operating income, headcount or other measures. The basis on which the expenses were allocated is considered to be a reasonable reflection of the utilization of services provided to or the benefit received by the Predecessor during the periods presented. The allocations may not, however, reflect the expense we have incurred and will incur as a stand-alone company for the periods presented. Actual costs that may have been incurred if the Predecessor had been a stand-alone company would depend on a number of factors, including the chosen organizational structure, which functions were outsourced or performed by employees and strategic decisions made in areas such as information technology and infrastructure.

Principles of Combination and Consolidation

The accompanying combined consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP and all significant intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated. In the opinion of management, the accompanying unaudited combined consolidated financial statements include all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring accruals) considered necessary for a fair presentation.

We record non-controlling interest in our combined consolidated financial statements to recognize the minority ownership interest in certain subsidiaries. Non-controlling interest in the earnings and losses of these subsidiaries represent the share of net income or loss allocated to our combined entities. Interim results are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for a full year.

Seasonality and Comparability

Our revenues, operating profit and operating cash flows are affected by the inherent seasonality of the academic calendar, which varies by country. Changes in our customers’ ordering patterns may impact the comparison of our results in a quarter with the same quarter of the previous year, or in a fiscal year with the prior fiscal year, where our customers may shift the timing of material orders for any number of reasons, including, but not limited to, changes in academic semester start dates or changes to their inventory management practices.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

On an ongoing basis, we evaluate our estimates and assumptions, including those related to revenue recognition, allowance for doubtful accounts and sales returns, inventories, prepublication costs, accounting for the impairment of long-lived assets (including other intangible assets), goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets, retirement plans and postretirement healthcare and other benefits, stock-based compensation, income taxes and contingencies. Management further considered the accounting policy with regard to the purchase price allocation to assets and liabilities to be critical. This accounting policy, as more fully described in Note 3, encompasses significant judgments and estimates used in the preparation of these financial statements.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents include ordinary bank deposits and highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less that consist primarily of money market funds with unrestricted daily liquidity and fixed term time deposits. The balance also includes cash that is held by the Company outside the United States to fund international operations or to be reinvested outside of the United States. The investments and bank deposits are stated at cost, which approximates market value and were $155,885 and $253,390 as of March 31, 2014 (Successor) and December 31, 2013 (Successor), respectively. These investments are not subject to significant market risk.

XxXxxx-Xxxx Global Education Intermediate Holdings, LLC and Subsidiaries

Notes to the Combined Consolidated Financial Statements

(Dollars in thousands, unless otherwise indicated)

Accounts Receivable

Credit is extended to customers based upon an evaluation of the customer’s financial condition. Accounts receivable are recorded at net realizable value.

Allowance for Doubtful Accounts and Sales Returns

The allowance for doubtful accounts and sales returns reserves methodology is based on historical analysis, a review of outstanding balances and current conditions. In determining these reserves, we consider, among other factors, the financial condition and risk profile of our customers, areas of specific or concentrated risk as well as applicable industry trends or market indicators. The allowance for sales returns is a significant estimate, which is based on historical rates of return and current market conditions. The provision for sales returns is reflected as a reduction to “Revenues” in our combined consolidated statements of operations. Sales returns are charged against the reserve as products are returned to inventory. Accounts receivable losses for bad debt are charged against the allowance for doubtful accounts when the receivable is determined to be uncollectible. The change in the allowance for doubtful accounts is reflected as part of operating and administrative expenses in our combined consolidated statement of operations.

Concentration of Credit Risk

As of March 31, 2014 (Successor) three customers comprised approximately 64% of the gross accounts receivable balance, which is reflective of concentration in our industry and seasonality of the business. As of December 31, 2013 (Successor), three customers accounted for 53% of our gross accounts receivable. For the three months ended March 31, 2014 (Successor), one customer accounted for approximately 11% of our gross revenue. For the periods March 23, 2013 to March 31, 2013 (Successor) and January 1, 2013 to March 22, 2013 (Predecessor), no single customer accounted for more than 10% of our gross revenue. The loss of, or any reduction in sales from, a significant customer or deterioration in their ability to pay could harm our business and financial results.

Inventories

Inventories, consisting principally of books, are stated at the lower of cost (first-in, first-out) or market value. The majority of our inventories relate to finished goods. A significant estimate, the reserve for inventory obsolescence, is reflected in operating and administration expenses. In determining this reserve, we consider management’s current assessment of the marketplace, industry trends and projected product demand as compared to the number of units currently on hand. The reserves for inventory obsolescence were $44,840 and $45,548 as of March 31, 2014 (Successor) and December 31, 2013 (Successor).

Prepublication Costs

Prepublication costs include both the cost of developing educational content and the development of assessment solution products. Costs incurred prior to the publication date of a title or release date of a product represent activities associated with product development. These may be performed internally or outsourced to subject matter specialists and include, but are not limited to, editorial review and fact verification, graphic art design and layout and the process of conversion from print to digital media or within various formats of digital media. These costs are capitalized when the costs can be directly attributable to a project or title and the title is expected to generate probable future economic benefits. Capitalized costs are amortized upon publication of the title over its estimated useful life of up to six years, with a higher proportion of the amortization typically taken in the earlier years. Amortization expenses for prepublication costs are charged as a component of operating & administration expenses. We periodically evaluate the amortization methods, rates, remaining lives and recoverability of such costs, which are sometimes dependent upon program acceptance by state adoption authorities. In evaluating recoverability, we consider management’s current assessment of the marketplace, industry trends and the projected success of programs.

XxXxxx-Xxxx Global Education Intermediate Holdings, LLC and Subsidiaries

Notes to the Combined Consolidated Financial Statements

(Dollars in thousands, unless otherwise indicated)

Property, Plant and Equipment

Property, plant and equipment are stated at fair value as of December 31, 2013 (Successor) and March 31, 2014 (Successor). Depreciation and amortization are recorded on a straight-line basis, over the assets’ estimated useful lives. Buildings have an estimated useful life, for purposes of depreciation, of forty years. Furniture, fixtures and equipment are depreciated over periods not exceeding ten years. Leasehold improvements are amortized over the life of the lease or the life of the assets, whichever is shorter. The Company evaluates the depreciation periods of property, plant and equipment to determine whether events or circumstances warrant revised estimates of useful lives.

Royalty Advances

Royalty advances are initially capitalized and subsequently expensed as related revenues are earned or when the Company determines future recovery is not probable. The Company has a long history of providing authors with royalty advances, and it tracks each advance earned with respect to the sale of the related publication. Historically, the longer the unearned portion of the advance remains outstanding, the less likely it is that the Company will recover the advance through the sale of the publication, as the related royalties earned are applied first against the remaining unearned portion of the advance. The Company applies this historical experience to its existing outstanding royalty advances to estimate the likelihood of recovery. Additionally, the Company’s editorial staff reviews its portfolio of royalty advances at a minimum quarterly to determine if individual royalty advances are not recoverable for discrete reasons, such as the death of an author prior to completion of a title or titles, a Company decision to not publish a title, poor market demand or other relevant factors that could impact recoverability. Based on this information, the portion of any advance that we believe is not recoverable is expensed.

Deferred Technology Costs

We capitalize certain software development and website implementation costs. Capitalized costs only include incremental, direct costs of materials and services incurred to develop the software after the preliminary project stage is completed, funding has been committed and it is probable that the project will be completed and used to perform the function intended. Incremental costs are expenditures that are out-of-pocket to us and are not part of an allocation or existing expense base. Software development and website implementation costs are expensed as incurred during the preliminary project stage. Capitalized costs are amortized from the year the software is ready for its intended use over its estimated useful life, three to seven years, using the straight-line method. Periodically, we evaluate the amortization methods, remaining lives and recoverability of such costs. Capitalized software development and website implementation costs are included in other non-current assets in the consolidated balance sheets and are presented net of accumulated amortization. Gross deferred technology costs were $20,338 and $20,130 as of March 31, 2014 (Successor) and December 31, 2013 (Successor), respectively. Accumulated amortization of deferred technology costs were $6,971 and $5,586 as of March 31, 2014 (Successor) and December 31, 2013 (Successor), respectively.

Accounting for the Impairment of Long-Lived Assets (Including Other Intangible Assets)

We evaluate long-lived assets for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. Upon such an occurrence, recoverability of assets to be held and used is measured by comparing the carrying amount of an asset to current forecasts of undiscounted future net cash flows expected to be generated by the asset. If the carrying amount of the asset exceeds its estimated future cash flows, an impairment charge is recognized equal to the amount by which the carrying amount of the asset exceeds the fair value of the asset. Long-lived assets held for sale are written down to fair value, less cost to sell. Fair value is determined based on market evidence, discounted cash flows, appraised values or management’s estimates, depending upon the nature of the assets. There were no impairments of long-lived assets for the three months ended March 31, 2014 (Successor), the periods March 23 to March 31, 2013 (Successor) and January 1 to March 22, 2013 (Predecessor).

XxXxxx-Xxxx Global Education Intermediate Holdings, LLC and Subsidiaries

Notes to the Combined Consolidated Financial Statements

(Dollars in thousands, unless otherwise indicated)

Goodwill and Indefinite-Lived Intangible Assets

Goodwill represents the excess of purchase price and related costs over the fair value of identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed in a business combination. Indefinite-lived intangible assets consist of the Company’s acquired brands. Goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets are not amortized, but instead are tested for impairment annually during the fourth quarter each year, or more frequently if events or changes in circumstances indicate that the asset might be impaired. We have three reporting units, Higher Education, Professional and International with goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets that are evaluated for impairment.

We initially perform a qualitative analysis evaluating whether there are events or circumstances that provide evidence that it is more likely than not that the fair value of any of our reporting units or indefinite-lived intangible assets are less than their carrying amount. If, based on our evaluation we do not believe that it is more likely than not that the fair value of any of our reporting units or indefinite-lived intangible assets are less than their carrying amount, no quantitative impairment test is performed. Conversely, if the results of our qualitative assessment determine that it is more likely than not that the fair value of any of our reporting units or indefinite-lived intangible assets are less than their respective carrying amounts we perform a two-step quantitative impairment test.

During the first step, the estimated fair value of the reporting units are compared to their carrying value including goodwill and the estimated fair value of the intangible assets is compared to their carrying value. Fair values of the reporting units are estimated using the income approach, which incorporates the use of a discounted free cash flow analysis, and are corroborated using the market approach, which incorporates the use of revenue and earnings multiples based on market data. The discounted free cash flow analyses are based on the current operating budgets and estimated long-term growth projections for each reporting unit. Future cash flows are discounted based on a market comparable weighted average cost of capital rate for each reporting unit, adjusted for market and other risks where appropriate. Fair values of indefinite-lived intangible assets are estimated using avoided royalty discounted free cash flow analyses. Significant judgments inherent in these analyses include the selection of appropriate royalty and discount rates and estimating the amount and timing of expected future cash flows. The discount rates used in the discounted free cash flow analyses reflect the risks inherent in the expected future cash flows generated by the respective intangible assets. The royalty rates used in the discounted free cash flow analyses are based upon an estimate of the royalty rates that a market participant would pay to license the Company’s trade names and trademarks.

If the fair value of the reporting units or indefinite-lived intangible assets are less than their carrying value, a second step is performed which compares the implied fair value of the reporting unit’s goodwill or indefinite-lived intangible assets to the carrying value. The fair value of the goodwill or indefinite-lived intangible assets is determined based on the difference between the fair value of the reporting unit and the net fair value of the identifiable assets and liabilities of the reporting unit or carrying value of the indefinite-lived intangible asset. If the implied fair value of the goodwill or indefinite-lived intangible assets is less than the carrying value, the difference is recognized as an impairment charge. Significant judgments inherent in this analysis include estimating the amount and timing of future cash flows and the selection of appropriate discount rates, royalty rate and long-term growth rate assumptions. Changes in these estimates and assumptions could materially affect the determination of fair value for each reporting unit and indefinite-lived intangible asset and for some of the reporting units and indefinite-lived intangible assets could result in an impairment charge, which could be material to our financial position and results of operations. There were no impairments of goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets for the three months ended March 31, 2014 (Successor), the periods March 23 to March 31, 2013 (Successor) and January 1 to March 22, 2013 (Predecessor).

Foreign Currency Translation

We have operations in many foreign countries. For most international operations, the local currency is the functional currency. For international operations that are determined to be extensions of the U.S. operations, the United States dollar is the functional currency. For local currency operations, assets and liabilities are translated into United States dollars using end-of-period exchange rates, and revenue and expenses are translated into United States dollars using weighted-average exchange rates. Foreign currency translation adjustments are accumulated in a separate component of equity.

XxXxxx-Xxxx Global Education Intermediate Holdings, LLC and Subsidiaries

Notes to the Combined Consolidated Financial Statements

(Dollars in thousands, unless otherwise indicated)

Stock-Based Compensation

The Company issues stock options and other stock-based compensation to eligible employees, directors and consultants and accounts for these transactions under the provisions of Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 718, Compensation - Stock Compensation. For equity awards, total compensation cost is based on the grant date fair value. For liability awards, total compensation cost is based on the fair value of the award on the date the award is exercised and delivered: For performance-based options issued, the value of the instrument is measured at the grant date as the fair value of the common stock and expensed over the vesting term when the performance targets are considered probable of being achieved. The Company recognizes stock-based compensation expense for all awards, on a straight-line basis, over the service period required to earn the award, which is typically the vesting period.

Revenue Recognition

Revenue is recognized as it is earned when goods are shipped to customers or services are rendered. We consider amounts to be earned once evidence of an arrangement has been obtained, services are performed, fees are fixed or determinable and collectability is reasonably assured.

Arrangements with multiple deliverables

Revenue relating to products that provide for more than one deliverable is recognized based upon the relative fair value to the customer of each deliverable as each deliverable is provided. Revenue relating to agreements that provide for more than one service is recognized based upon the relative fair value to the customer of each service component as each component is earned. If the fair value to the customer for each service is not objectively determinable, we make our best estimate of the services’ stand-alone selling price and recognize revenue as earned as the services are delivered. Because we determine the basis for allocating consideration to each deliverable primarily on prices experienced from completed sales, over time the portion of consideration allocated to each deliverable in a multiple deliverable arrangement may increase or decrease depending on the most recent selling price of a comparable product or service sold on a stand-alone basis. For example, as the demand for, and prevalence of, digital products increases, we may be required to increase the amount of consideration allocable to digital products included in multiple deliverable arrangements because the fair value of such products or services may increase relative to other products or services bundled in the arrangement. Conversely, in the event that demand for our print products decreases, thereby causing us to experience reduced prices on our print products, we may be required to allocate less consideration to our print products in our arrangements that include multiple deliverables.

Subscription-based products

Subscription income is recognized over the related subscription period that the subscription is available and is used by the customer. Subscription revenue received or receivable in advance of the delivery of services or publications is included in deferred revenue. Incremental costs that are directly related to the subscription revenue are deferred and amortized over the subscription period. For the year ended December 31, 2013, no significant changes have been made to the underlying assumptions related to estimates of revenue or the methodologies applied. Included among the underlying assumptions related to our estimates that impact the recognition of subscription income is the period that our subscriptions are accessed by our customers, the extent of our responsibility to provide access to our subscription-based products, and the extent of complementary support services customers demand to access our products.

Service arrangements

Revenue relating to arrangements that provide for more than one service is recognized based upon the relative fair value to the customer of each service component as each component is earned. Such arrangements may include digital products bundled with traditional print products, obligations to provide products and services in the future at no additional cost, and periodic training pertinent to products and services previously provided. If the fair value to the customer for each service is not objectively determinable, we make our best estimate of the services’ stand-alone selling price and recognize revenue as earned as the services are delivered. Losses on contracts are recognized in the period in which the loss first becomes foreseeable. Contract losses are measured as the amount that the estimated total costs to complete the contract exceed the estimated total revenues that will be generated by the contract.

XxXxxx-Xxxx Global Education Intermediate Holdings, LLC and Subsidiaries

Notes to the Combined Consolidated Financial Statements

(Dollars in thousands, unless otherwise indicated)

Shipping and Handling Costs

All amounts billed to customers in a sales transaction for shipping and handling are classified as revenue. Shipping and handling costs are also a component of cost of goods sold.

Income Taxes

The Company’s operations are subject to United States federal, state and local, and foreign income taxes. In several jurisdictions the Predecessor’s operations have historically been included in MHC’s income tax returns, but subsequent to the Founding Transactions the Company (Successor) will file as a member of the of the consolidated group of Georgia Holdings, Inc. In preparing the Predecessor’s combined financial statements, the tax provision was determined on a separate return, stand-alone basis.

We determine the provision for income taxes using the asset and liability approach. Under this approach, deferred income taxes represent the expected future tax consequences of temporary differences between the carrying amounts and tax bases of assets and liabilities.

Valuation allowances are established when management determines that it is more-likely-than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax asset will not be realized. Management evaluates the weight of both positive and negative evidence in determining whether a deferred tax asset will be realized. Management will look to a history of losses, future reversal of existing taxable temporary differences, taxable income in carryback years, feasibility of tax planning strategies, and estimated future taxable income. The valuation allowance can also be affected by changes in tax laws and changes to statutory tax rates.

We prepare and file tax returns based on management’s interpretation of tax laws and regulations. As with all businesses, our tax returns are subject to examination by various taxing authorities. Such examinations may result in future tax assessments based on differences in interpretation of the tax law and regulations. We adjust our estimated uncertain tax positions reserves based on audits by and settlements with various taxing authorities as well as changes in tax laws, regulations, and interpretations. We recognize interest and penalties on uncertain tax positions as part of interest expense and operating expenses, respectively.

Contingencies

We accrue for loss contingencies when both (a) information available prior to issuance of the financial statements indicates that it is probable that a liability had been incurred at the date of the financial statements and (b) the amount of loss can reasonably be estimated. When we accrue for loss contingencies and the reasonable estimate of the loss is within a range, we record its best estimate within the range. We disclose an estimated possible loss or a range of loss when it is at least reasonably possible that a loss may have been incurred. Neither an accrual nor disclosure is required for losses that are deemed remote.

Recently Adopted Accounting Standards

In April 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2014-08, Reporting Discontinued Operations and Disclosures of Disposals of Components of an Entity, which changes the criteria for determining which disposals can be presented as discontinued operations and modifies the related disclosure requirements. Under the new guidance, a discontinued operation is defined as a disposal of a component or group of components that represents a strategic shift that has, or will have, a major effect on an entity’s operations and financial results. The revised guidance is effective for annual fiscal periods beginning after December 15, 2014. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is evaluating the impact the revised guidance will have on our consolidated financial statements.

XxXxxx-Xxxx Global Education Intermediate Holdings, LLC and Subsidiaries

Notes to the Combined Consolidated Financial Statements

(Dollars in thousands, unless otherwise indicated)

In July 2013, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2013-11, which prescribes that a liability related to an unrecognized tax benefit would be offset against a deferred tax asset for a net operating loss carryforward, a similar tax loss or a tax credit carryforward if such settlement is required or expected in the event the uncertain tax position is disallowed. In situations in which a net operating loss carryforward, a similar tax loss or a tax credit carryforward is not available at the reporting date under the tax law of a jurisdiction or the tax law of a jurisdiction does not require it, and the Company does not intend to use the deferred tax asset for such purpose, the unrecognized tax benefit should be presented in the financial statements as a liability and should not be combined with deferred tax assets. At the beginning of our 2014 fiscal year, we adopted ASU 2013-11 and it did not have a material impact on our combined consolidated financial statements.

2.	The Founding Transactions

As discussed in Note 1, the Founding Acquisition was completed on March 22, 2013 and financed by:

•

Borrowings under MHGE Holdings senior secured credit facilities (the “Senior Facilities”), consisting of a $810,000, 6-year senior secured term loan credit facility (the “term loan facility”), all of which was drawn at closing and a $240,000, 5-year senior secured revolving credit facility (“revolving credit facility”), $35,000 of which was drawn at closing;

•

Issuance by MHGE Holdings and XxXxxx-Xxxx Global Education Finance, Inc., a wholly owned subsidiary of MHGE (together with MHGE Holdings, the “Issuers”) of $800,000, 9.75% first-priority senior secured notes due 2021 (the “Notes”); and

•

Equity contribution of $950,000 from Parent funded by the Sponsor, co-investors and management.

The Founding Acquisition occurred simultaneously with the closing of the financing transactions and equity investments described above.

The Founding Acquisition, related financing and payment of any costs related to these transactions are collectively herein referred to as the “Founding Transactions”.

3.	The Founding Acquisition

The Founding Acquisition was accounted for as a business combination in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 805, Business Combinations. The Founding Acquisition and the determination of fair value of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed was recorded as of March 22, 2013 based on the initial purchase price of $1,711,348. As a result of the Founding Acquisition, goodwill of $288,794 was recorded on the Successor’s balance sheet. The Company has finalized the allocation of goodwill to each of its reporting units.

XxXxxx-Xxxx Global Education Intermediate Holdings, LLC and Subsidiaries

Notes to the Combined Consolidated Financial Statements

(Dollars in thousands, unless otherwise indicated)

The sources and uses of funds in connection with the Founding Transactions are summarized below:


Sources
Proceeds from term loan facility	$	785,700
Proceeds from revolving credit facility		35,000
Proceeds from Notes		789,096
Proceeds from equity contributions		950,000

Total sources	$	2,559,796


Uses
Equity purchase price	$	1,739,447
Transaction fees and expenses		131,339
Cash to balance sheet		60,156
Distribution to Parent		628,854

Total uses	$	2,559,796

Purchase Price

The Founding Acquisition has been accounted for using the acquisition method of accounting which requires assets acquired and liabilities assumed to be recognized at their fair values as of the acquisition date, with any excess of the purchase price attributed to goodwill. The fair values have been determined based upon assumptions related to the future cash flows, discount rates and asset lives utilizing currently available information. On October 16, 2013 the working capital adjustment was finalized with MHC and the Company’s share of the proceeds of the working capital adjustment was $28,099.

The table below summarizes the estimated fair values of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed at the date of acquisition:


Cash and equivalents	$	19,633
Accounts receivable and other current assets		132,750
Inventory		238,208
Prepublication costs		109,064
Property, plant and equipment		106,636
Identifiable intangible assets		998,007
Other noncurrent assets		56,226
Accounts payable and accrued expenses		(92,591	)
Unearned revenue		(39,839	)
Other current liabilities		(49,767	)
Deferred income tax liability		(11,568	)
Other long-term liabilities		(21,980	)
Noncontrolling interests		(22,225	)
Goodwill		288,794

Purchase price	$	1,711,348

Residual goodwill consists primarily of intangible assets related to the knowhow and design of the Company’s products that do not qualify for separate recognition as well as assembled work force.

The fair values of the finite acquired intangible assets will be amortized over their useful lives, which is consistent with the estimated useful life considerations used in determining their fair values. Customer and technology intangibles are amortized on a straight-line basis while Content intangibles are amortized using the sum of the years digits method.

XxXxxx-Xxxx Global Education Intermediate Holdings, LLC and Subsidiaries

Notes to the Combined Consolidated Financial Statements

(Dollars in thousands, unless otherwise indicated)


	Fair Value		Useful Lives
Brands	$	283,000	Indefinite
Customers		140,000	11 - 14 years
Content		566,007	8 - 14 years
Technology		9,000	5 years

The Founding Acquisition was a taxable acquisition of the assets of domestic subsidiaries and a non-taxable acquisition of the stock of international subsidiaries for U.S. income tax purposes. Deferred income tax liability of $11,568 has been provided for the difference in fair value of international assets and liabilities over the carryover tax basis.

Distribution to Parent

The total amount of $628,854 allocated to MHSE Holdings includes purchase price as well as the working capital adjustment made at closing and is classified as “Distribution to Parent” in the combined consolidated financial statements. MHSE Holdings is not included in these combined consolidated financial statements.

Acquisition of Non-Controlling Interest

On March 15, 2013 the Company acquired the remaining 34% interest in its joint venture in India and now owns all of the outstanding shares of the joint venture. The aggregate purchase price was approximately $25,046. The excess of the purchase price over the book value of the non-controlling interest of $14,672 was recognized as an adjustment to additional paid-in capital. After the transaction the Company owns 100%.

Pro Forma Financial Information

The following unaudited pro forma results of operations give effect to the Founding Transactions as if they had occurred on January 1, 2012. This unaudited pro forma financial information should not be relied upon as necessarily being indicative of the historical results that would have been obtained if the Founding Transactions had actually occurred on that date, nor the results of operations in the future.


	Three Months Ended March 31, 2013
	As reported			Pro forma
Revenue	$	199,125		$	197,875
Net income (loss)		(24,706	)		(174,985	)

The above amounts have been calculated after adjusting the amounts reported in our audited financial statements to reflect increased inventory costs, additional amortization expense of intangible assets, decrease in unearned revenue and additional interest expense, all of which would have been recorded assuming the fair value adjustments to inventory, intangible assets, debt and unearned revenue have been recorded from the beginning of the annual periods being reported on, as well as the income tax impact of these pro forma adjustments.

4.	ALEKS Acquisition

On August 1, 2013 the Company acquired all of the outstanding shares of ALEKS Corporation, a developer of adaptive learning technology for the higher education and K-12 education markets. Prior to the acquisition, the Company had a long-term royalty-based partnership with ALEKS where ALEKS technology solutions were incorporated into the Company’s Higher Education’s products.

XxXxxx-Xxxx Global Education Intermediate Holdings, LLC and Subsidiaries

Notes to the Combined Consolidated Financial Statements

(Dollars in thousands, unless otherwise indicated)

ALEKS was acquired for $104,000; $50,000 was paid in cash at closing, with $54,000 payable one year after closing and is included in other current liabilities in combined consolidated balance sheet, $15,000 of which will be held in escrow for six months. On October 31, 2013, the working capital adjustment was finalized and the Company’s share of the proceeds of the working capital adjustment was $1,422. The $50,000 paid at closing was financed by a combination of cash on hand and borrowing under the revolving credit facility. Costs incurred in connection with the acquisition for the year ended March 31, 2014 were $2,549 and are included in operating and administrative expenses.

After closing and within the third quarter, the Company entered into a reseller agreement with MHSE Holdings, which is a separate wholly owned subsidiary of our Parent, granting MHSE Holdings exclusive rights to sell ALEKS products in the K-12 market. MHSE Holdings paid $25,500 to the Company for the exclusivity provision, which is being recognized over five years and renewable for no additional fee after five years, and paid a royalty advance of $12,500. The royalty rate is 15% on net sales.

The companies received a fairness opinion from a third party valuation firm on the terms of the transaction.

The table below summarizes the estimated fair values of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed at the date of acquisition:


Tangible assets		9,367
Identifiable intangible assets		58,541
Unearned revenue		(1,149	)
Other liabilities		(31,610	)
Goodwill		68,851

Purchase price	$	104,000

Residual goodwill consists primarily of intangible assets related to the knowhow and design of the Company’s products that do not qualify for separate recognition as well as assembled work force. The amount of goodwill is not considered deductible for tax purposes.

The fair values of the acquired intangible assets will be amortized on a straight-line basis over their useful lives of 5 years, which is consistent with the estimated useful life considerations used in determining their fair values. Amortization expense of $2,927 was recorded in the quarter ended March 31, 2014.

5.	Area 9 Acquisition

On February 6, 2014 the Company acquired the remaining 80% of Area 9, a Danish Company and developer of adaptive learning technology for the higher education market that it did not already own. Prior to the acquisition, the Company had a long-term royalty-based relationship with Area 9. The Company had purchased the other 20% stake in Area 9 in January 2013. Consideration for the acquisition of the remaining 80% is $28,044 in cash at closing, 200,000 shares of Georgia Holdings common stock, and 50,000 additional shares of Georgia Holdings stock held in escrow. The acquisition is subject to an earn-out payable in shares up to a maximum of 50,000 shares based on several financial measures which we expect to be met and therefore all earn out shares have been valued in member’s equity. The total consideration for the 80% is $79,333.

The agreement has consulting payments to the founders of Area 9 of $9,800 for a designated project and deliverable, $2,700 of which is contingent upon a success project deliverable and expense reimbursement over a four year period of $5,000. These costs are expensed as incurred.

There is a gain of $7,329 in other income reflecting a fair value adjustment based on the purchase price of the additional 80% interest on the original 20% stake which fair value is $15,866, making the total transaction value equal to $95,200. The transaction is subject to a working capital adjustment 120 days after closing.

XxXxxx-Xxxx Global Education Intermediate Holdings, LLC and Subsidiaries

Notes to the Combined Consolidated Financial Statements

(Dollars in thousands, unless otherwise indicated)

The table below summarizes the estimated fair values of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed at the date of acquisition:


Tangible assets	$	5,390
Identifiable intangible assets		46,200
Other liabilities		(6,048	)
Goodwill		49,658

Purchase price	$	95,200

The fair values of the acquired intangible assets will be amortized on a straight-line basis over their useful lives of 4 and 7 years, which is consistent with the estimated useful life considerations used in determining their fair values. Amortization expense of $1,148 was recorded in the quarter ended March 31, 2014.

6.	Inventories

Inventories consist of the following:


	Successor
	March 31, 2014			December 31, 2013
Raw materials	$	1,181		$	1,604
Work-in-progress		2,790			2,220
Finished goods		126,539			122,012

		130,510			125,836
Reserves		(44,840	)		(45,548	)

Inventories, net	$	85,670		$	80,288

Debt

As of March 31, 2014 (Successor), long-term debt consisted of the following:


	March 31, 2014			December 31, 2013
Term loan facility	$	666,056		$	701,763
Notes		790,493			790,152

Less current portion of Long Term Debt		(6,880	)		(8,100	)

Long Term Debt¹	$	1,449,669		$	1,483,815

¹	Long Term Debt balances reflect face value of debt less the unamortized discount.

XxXxxx-Xxxx Global Education Intermediate Holdings, LLC and Subsidiaries

Notes to the Combined Consolidated Financial Statements

(Dollars in thousands, unless otherwise indicated)

Senior Facilities

In connection with the Founding Transactions, on March 22, 2013, MHGE Holdings, our wholly owned subsidiary, together with the Company, entered into the Senior Facilities, which are governed by a first lien credit agreement with Credit Suisse AG, as administrative agent, and the other agents and lenders party thereto, that provided senior secured financing of up to $1,050,000, consisting of:

•

the term loan facility in an aggregate principal amount of $810,000 with a maturity of six years; and

•

the revolving credit facility in an aggregate principal amount of up to $240,000 with a maturity of five years, including both a letter of credit sub-facility and a swingline loan sub-facility. The amount available under the revolving credit facility at March 31, 2014 was $239,862.

On December 31, 2013 the Company prepaid 10% of the $810,000 term loan facility outstanding under its First Lien Credit Agreement. This $81,000 prepayment is in addition to the Company’s scheduled quarterly repayment of $2,025 that was paid on the same date.

On March 24, 2014, the Company made a voluntary principal payment of $35,000 and refinanced the Term Loan facility in the aggregate principal of $687,925. The revised terms reduce the LIBOR floor from 1.25% to 1.0% and the applicable LIBOR margin from 7.75% to 4.75%. The maturity date did not change but quarterly principal payments were reduced from $2,025 to $1,720, maintaining the amortization rate at ¹⁄₄ of 1% of the refinanced principal amount.

The interest rate on the borrowings under the Senior Facilities is based on LIBOR or Prime, plus an applicable margin. The interest rate at March 31, 2014 was 5.75% for the term loan facility and there were no outstanding borrowings under the revolving credit facility. The term loan facility and the revolving credit facility were issued at a discount of 3% and 2%, respectively. Debt issuance costs and the discount are amortized to interest expense over the term of the respective facility. The amount of amortization included in interest expense for the quarter ended March 31, 2014 (Successor) and the nine days ended March 31, 2013 (Successor) were $2,497 and $348, respectively. There was no amortization expense recorded in the Predecessor period in 2013.

The term loan facility requires quarterly amortization payments totaling 1% per annum of the refinanced principal amount of the facility, with the balance payable on the final maturity date. The term loan facility also includes custom mandatory prepayments requirements based on certain events such as asset sales, debt issuances, and defined levels of free cash flows.

All obligations under the Senior Facilities are guaranteed by the Parent, the Company and each of MHGE Holdings existing and future direct and indirect material, wholly owned domestic subsidiaries and are secured by first priority lien on substantially all tangible and intangible assets of MHGE Holdings and each subsidiary guarantor, all of the MHGE Holdings capital stock and the capital stock of each subsidiary guarantor and 65% of the capital stock of the first-tier foreign subsidiaries that are not subsidiary guarantors, in each case subject to exceptions.

The revolving credit facility includes a springing financial maintenance covenant that requires MHGE Holdings net first lien leverage ratio not to exceed 7.00 to 1.00 (the ratio of consolidated net debt secured by first-priority liens on the collateral to EBITDA, as defined in the First Lien Credit Agreement, of MHGE Holdings and its consolidated subsidiaries). The covenant will be tested quarterly when the revolving credit facility is more than 20% drawn (including outstanding letters of credit), beginning with the fiscal quarter ended June 30, 2013, and will be a condition to drawings under the revolving credit facility (including for new letters of credit) that would result in more than 20% drawn thereunder. As of March 31, 2014 (Successor), the borrowings under the revolving credit facility were less than 20%, and so the covenant was not in effect.

Post-Plate Pro Forma Adjusted EBITDA reflects EBITDA as defined in the First Lien Credit Agreement. Solely for the purpose of calculating the springing financial covenant, plate investments should be excluded from the calculation of EBITDA.

XxXxxx-Xxxx Global Education Intermediate Holdings, LLC and Subsidiaries

Notes to the Combined Consolidated Financial Statements

(Dollars in thousands, unless otherwise indicated)

9.75% First-Priority Senior Secured Notes due 2021

In connection with the Founding Acquisition, on March 22, 2013, the Issuers issued $800,000 in principal amount of the Notes in a private placement. The Notes bear interest at a rate of 9.75% per annum, payable semi-annually in arrears on April 1 and October 1 of each year, commencing on October 1, 2013. The Notes were issued at a discount of 1.363%. Debt issuance costs and the discount are amortized to interest expense over the term of the Notes using the effective interest method. The amount of amortization included in interest expense for the quarter ended March 31, 2014 (Successor) and the nine days ended March 31, 2013 (Successor) were $1,498 and $150, respectively. There was no amortization expense recorded in the Predecessor period in 2013.

The Issuers may redeem the Notes at its option, in whole or in part, at any time on or after April 1, 2016, at certain redemption prices.

The Notes are fully and unconditionally guaranteed by the Parent, the Company and each of MHGE Holdings domestic restricted subsidiaries that guarantee the Senior Facilities. In addition, the Notes and the related guarantees are secured by first priority lien on the same collateral that secure the Senior Facilities, subject to certain exclusions.

The Senior Facilities and the Notes contain certain customary affirmative covenants and events of default. In addition, the negative covenants in the Senior Facilities and the Notes limit MHGE Holdings and its restricted subsidiaries’ ability to, among other things: incur additional indebtedness or issue certain preferred shares, create liens on certain assets, pay dividends or prepay junior debt, make certain loans, acquisitions or investments, materially change its business, engage into transactions with affiliates, conduct asset sales, restrict dividends from subsidiaries or restrict liens, or merge, consolidate, sell or otherwise dispose of all or substantially all of MHGE Holdings assets.

The Parent and the Company are not bound by any financial or negative covenants in the Senior Facilities and the notes, other than, in the case of the Company prior to an IPO, with respect to incurrence of liens on and the pledge of MHGE Holdings capital stock and with respect to the maintenance of its existence.

On March 24, 2014, the Company began paying an incremental 0.25% interest rate on the 9.75% First-Priority Senior Secured Notes because a registration statement for an exchange offer to exchange the initial Notes for registered Notes had not been declared effective prior to that date. The incremental interest will continue to accrue until the exchange offer has been consummated, and the rate will increase by an additional 0.25% every 90 days that the exchange offer is not consummated, up to a maximum incremental interest rate of 1.0%. The Company’s registration statement for the exchange offer was declared effective on May 14, 2014, and it is anticipated that the exchange offer will be completed on or about June 13, 2014.

Scheduled Principal Payments

The scheduled principal payments required under the terms of the Senior Facilities and the Notes as of March 31, 2014 were as follows:


	Successor
	March 31, 2014
Remainder of 2014	$	5,160
2015		6,880
2016		6,880
2017		6,880
2018		6,880
2019 and beyond		1,463,525

		1,496,205
Less: Current portion		6,880

	$	1,489,325

XxXxxx-Xxxx Global Education Intermediate Holdings, LLC and Subsidiaries

Notes to the Combined Consolidated Financial Statements

(Dollars in thousands, unless otherwise indicated)

8.	Fair Value Measurements

In accordance with authoritative guidance for fair value measurements, certain assets and liabilities are required to be recorded at fair value. Fair value is defined as the amount that would be received to sell an asset or transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants. A fair value hierarchy has been established which requires us to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. The three levels of inputs used to measure fair value are as follows:

•

Level 1 - Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

•

Level 2 - Observable inputs other than Level 1 prices, such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities; quoted prices in markets that are not active; or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the asset or liabilities.

•

Level 3 - Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair value of the assets or liabilities.

We have investments in equity securities classified as available-for-sale that are adjusted to fair value on a recurring basis. The fair values of our investments in available-for-sale securities were determined using quoted market prices from daily exchange traded markets and are classified within Level 1 of the valuation hierarchy.

The following table summarizes assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis:


	Level 1
	March 31, 2014		December 31, 2013
Assets
Equity securities at fair value	$	10,972	$	10,844

Total assets at fair value	$	10,972	$	10,844

There were neither any instruments categorized as level 2 or 3 nor any reclassifications between level 1, 2, or 3 during the three months ended March 31, 2014 (Successor) and the year ended December 31, 2013 (Successor).

Other financial instruments, including cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments, are recorded at cost, which approximates fair value because of the short-term maturity and highly liquid nature of these instruments.

9.	Taxes on Income

For the quarter ended March 31, 2014 (Successor) and the periods March 23, 2013 to March 31, 2013 (Successor) and January 1, 2013 to March 22, 2013 (Predecessor), the effective tax rate was 33.7%, 36.5% and 22.5%, respectively. The difference between the rates was primarily due to jurisdictional mix of operating losses, one-time transaction costs incurred in the U.S., change in successor forecasted losses related to purchase accounting, and repatriation from foreign subsidiary.

At the end of each interim period, we estimate the annual effective tax rate and apply that rate to our ordinary quarterly earnings. The tax expense or benefit related to significant, unusual or extraordinary items that will be separately reported or reported net of their related tax effect, and are individually computed, are recognized in the interim period in which those items occur. In addition, the effect of changes in enacted tax laws or rates or tax status is recognized in the interim period in which the change occurs.

As of March 31, 2014 (Successor) and December 31, 2013 (Successor), the total amount of federal, state and local, and foreign unrecognized tax benefits was $1,124 and $1,140, respectively, exclusive of interest and penalties. We recognize accrued interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits in interest expense and operating

XxXxxx-Xxxx Global Education Intermediate Holdings, LLC and Subsidiaries

Notes to the Combined Consolidated Financial Statements

(Dollars in thousands, unless otherwise indicated)

expense, respectively. In addition to the unrecognized tax benefits, as of March 31, 2014 (Successor) and December 31, 2013 (Successor), we had $2,877 and $2,685, respectively, of accrued interest and penalties associated with uncertain tax positions.

Under the terms of the Founding Acquisition, MHC is contractually liable for unrecognized tax benefits incurred by the Company through March 22, 2013. An indemnification receivable from MHC of $3,864 and $3,688 has been recorded in non-current assets as of March 31, 2014 (Successor) and December 31, 2013 (Successor) for the unrecognized tax benefit, interest, and penalties related to controlled foreign corporations as taxpayers of record.

10.

Employee Benefits

Defined Contribution Plans

A majority of employees of XxXxxx-Xxxx Global Education Intermediate Holdings, LLC were participants in voluntary 401(k) plans sponsored by the Company under which the Company may match employee contributions up to certain levels of compensation as well as profit-sharing plans under which the Company contributes a certain percentage of eligible employees’ compensation to the employees’ accounts.

Pension Plans

A majority of employees of the Company were participants in various defined benefit pension plans as well as post-retirement plans administered and sponsored by MHC. Benefits under the pension plans are based primarily on years of service and employees’ compensation. The Company has no liability for these plans.

11.

Stock-Based Compensation

Stock-based compensation for the periods presented was as follows:


	Successor				Predecessor
	Three Months Ended March 31, 2014		March 23, 2013 to March 31, 2014		January 1, 2013 to March 22, 2013
Stock option expense	$	1,387	$	—	$	74
Restricted stock and unit awards expense		306		17		3,220

Total stock-based compensation expense	$	1,693	$	17	$	3,294

As of March 31, 2014, there was approximately $14,475 of total unrecognized compensation costs related to non-vested stock-based employee compensation arrangements granted under the Management Equity Plan. The Company expects to recognize those costs over a weighted average period of 4.0 years.

All outstanding stock options granted by MHC prior to the Founding Acquisition remain under MHC’s share-based compensation plans.

12.

Restructuring

In order to contain costs and mitigate the impact of current and expected future economic conditions, as well as a continued focus on process improvements, we have initiated various restructuring plans over the last several years. The charges for each restructuring plan are classified as operating and administration expenses within the combined consolidated statements of operations.

XxXxxx-Xxxx Global Education Intermediate Holdings, LLC and Subsidiaries

Notes to the Combined Consolidated Financial Statements

(Dollars in thousands, unless otherwise indicated)

In certain circumstances, reserves are no longer needed because of efficiencies in carrying out the plans, or because employees previously identified for separation resigned from the Company and did not receive severance or were reassigned due to circumstances not foreseen when the original plans were initiated. In these cases, we reverse reserves through the combined consolidated statements of operations when it is determined they are no longer needed.

During the first quarter of 2013, prior to the Founding Acquisition, MHC continued to identify opportunities for cost savings through workforce reductions and other restructuring activities as part of MHC’s Growth and Value Plan. For the period January 1, 2013 to March 22, 2013 (Predecessor), we reduced the reserve by $4,871, primarily relating to cash payments for employee severance costs. There is no remaining reserve as of March 31, 2014 as the total balance remained with MHC subsequent to the Founding Acquisition.

During the fourth quarter of 2013, the Company initiated restructuring plans across several of its business units to review its business models and operating methods for opportunities to increase efficiencies and/or align costs with business performance.

The following table sets forth details regarding the activities described above during the quarter ended March 31, 2014:


	Balance as of December 31, 2013			Charges		Payments			Balance as of March 31, 2014
Employee severance and other personnel benefits	$	8,509		$	5,032	$	(2,966	)	$	10,575
Other associated costs		(1,161	)		1,052		(29	)		(138	)

Total	$	7,348		$	6,084	$	(2,995	)	$	10,437

The Company expects to utilize the remaining reserves of $7,387 in 2014 and $3,050 in 2015.

13.

Transactions with Sponsors

In connection with the Founding Transactions, MHGE Holdings, our wholly owned subsidiary, entered into a management fee agreement with Apollo Management VII, L. P. (the “Advisor”), an affiliate of our Sponsor pursuant to which the Advisor will provide management consulting services to Parent and its direct and indirect divisions and subsidiaries, including the Company and MHGE Holdings. In exchange for these services, the Advisor will receive an aggregate annual management fee of $3,500 and reimbursement of out-of-pocket expenses incurred in connection with the provision of such services. For the quarter ended March 31, 2014 and the period March 23, 2013 to March 31, 2013, the Successor recorded an expense of $875 and $80 for management fees, respectively. In connection with the Founding Transactions, Apollo Global Securities, LLC, an affiliate of our Sponsor (the “Affiliate”), entered into a transaction fee agreement with Parent relating to the provision of certain structuring, financial, investment banking and other similar advisory services in connection with the Founding Transactions and future transactions. We paid the Affiliate a one-time transaction fee of $25,000 in exchange for services rendered in connection with the structuring of the Founding Transactions, arranging financing and performing other services with the Founding Transactions. Also, subject to the terms and conditions of the agreement, an additional transaction fee equal to 1% of the aggregate enterprise value will be payable to Affiliate for investment banking, financing and other financial advisory services related to any merger, acquisition, disposition, financing or any similar transaction in the future.

XxXxxx-Xxxx Global Education Intermediate Holdings, LLC and Subsidiaries

Notes to the Combined Consolidated Financial Statements

(Dollars in thousands, unless otherwise indicated)

14.

Commitments and Contingencies

Legal Matters

In the normal course of business both in the United States and abroad, the Company is a defendant in various lawsuits and legal proceedings which may result in adverse judgments, damages, fines or penalties and is subject to inquiries and investigations by various governmental and regulatory agencies concerning compliance with applicable laws and regulations. In view of the inherent difficulty of predicting the outcome of legal matters, we cannot state with confidence what the timing, eventual outcome, or eventual judgment, damages, fines, penalties or other impact of these pending matters will be. We believe, based on our current knowledge, that the outcome of the legal actions, proceedings and investigations currently pending should not have a material adverse effect on the Company’s combined financial condition.

15.

Related Party Transactions

Employee Loans

During the second quarter of 2013, the Company made unsecured loans to two employees in the amount of $175 for the employees to invest in the Company’s parent common stock. Interest is payable at the federal short-term rate under the Internal Revenue Code, and the loans and accrued interest are repayable in cash in full from any after tax long-term incentive award payments but in no case later than February 15, 2015. The loans can be prepaid at any time. As of March 31, 2014, the balance outstanding was $175 and is included in prepaid and other current assets.

Services Agreements

In connection with the Founding Transactions, MHGE Holdings, our wholly owned subsidiary, entered into services agreement with MHSE Holdings, a separate wholly owned subsidiary of the Parent. Pursuant to the terms of the agreement, MHGE Holdings will provide MHSE Holdings with certain services at cost. The services include finance, accounting, audit, digital technology, sourcing and procurement, research and development, logistics, customer support and distribution.

MHC Service Charges and Allocations & Transition Services

Historically, MHC has provided services to and funded certain expenses for Predecessor and its subsidiaries. These services and expenses include global technology operations and infrastructure, global real estate and occupancy, employee benefits and shared services such as tax, legal, treasury, and finance as well as an allocation of MHC’s corporate management costs. The expenses included in the combined consolidated financial statements were $1,170, $851 and $7,661 for the quarter ended March 31, 2014 (Successor), the periods March 23, 2013 to March 31, 2013 (Successor) and January 1, 2013 to March 22, 2013 (Predecessor), respectively. No further charges and allocations are being made, except for services provided under the Transition Services Agreement as described below, because XxXxxx-Xxxx Education, LLC had established its own management structure, benefit plans and other functions.

Effective January 1, 2013, in connection with the Transactions, MHGE Holdings, our wholly owned subsidiary, entered into transition services agreement with MHC, pursuant to which MHC provided MHGE Holdings and us with certain corporate services, including corporate accounting, treasury, global procurement and manufacturing, facilities, human resources and information technology during 2013. Limited technology agreements will continue through part of 2014.

Payment of Acquisition Costs on Behalf of Parent

At the closing of the Founding Transactions MHGE Holdings paid $28,672 for costs related to the Founding Acquisition on behalf of Parent.

XxXxxx-Xxxx Global Education Intermediate Holdings, LLC and Subsidiaries

Notes to the Combined Consolidated Financial Statements

(Dollars in thousands, unless otherwise indicated)

Reseller Agreement with MHSE Holdings

As disclosed in Note 4, the Company entered into a reseller agreement with MHSE Holdings, which is a separate wholly owned subsidiary of our Parent, granting MHSE Holdings exclusive rights to sell ALEKS products in the K-12 market. MHSE Holdings paid $25,500 to the Company for the exclusivity provision, which is being recognized over five years and renewable for no additional fee after five years, and paid a royalty advance of $12,500. The royalty rate is 15% on net sales.

16.

Subsequent Events

The Company has evaluated subsequent events through May 15, 2014, which represents the date the financial statements were issued.

Management’s Discussion and Analysis

of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

(Dollars in thousands, unless otherwise indicated)

Forward-Looking Statements

This report includes statements that are, or may be deemed to be, “forward-looking statements.” These forward-looking statements can be identified by the use of forward-looking terminology, including the terms “believes,” “estimates,” “anticipates,” “expects,” “intends,” “plans,” “may,” “will” or “should” or, in each case, their negative or other variations or comparable terminology. These forward-looking statements include all matters that are not historical facts. They appear in a number of places throughout this report and include statements regarding our intentions, beliefs or current expectations concerning, among other things, our results of operations, financial condition, liquidity, prospects, growth, strategies and the industry in which we operate.

By their nature, forward-looking statements involve risks and uncertainties because they relate to events and depend on circumstances that may or may not occur in the future. We caution you that forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future performance and that our actual results of operations, financial condition and liquidity, and the development of the industry in which we operate, may differ materially from those made in or suggested by the forward-looking statements contained in this report. In addition, even if our results of operations, financial condition and liquidity, and the development of the industry in which we operate are consistent with the forward-looking statements contained in this report, those results of operations, financial condition and liquidity or developments may not be indicative of results or developments in subsequent periods.

Any forward-looking statements we make in this report speak only as of the date of such statement, and we undertake no obligation to update such statements. Comparisons of results for current and any prior periods are not intended to express any future trends or indications of future performance, unless expressed as such, and should only be viewed as historical data.

Our Industry

Across the globe, education is a large and growing market. Worldwide, education-related products and services typically accounted for approximately 5% of a country’s gross domestic product (“GDP”). The United States alone spends more than $1 trillion annually on education, or roughly 7% of its GDP.

The post-secondary content industry serves the needs of students and their professors at degree granting colleges and universities. In the United States enrollment at degree-granting institutions was approximately 21 million in fall 2012. The primary decision maker in choosing instructional materials for a course is the professor. Increasingly, professors are also choosing to work with publishers to customize instructional materials to their needs by including or excluding specific chapters from third-party content providers and/or including materials from the instructor. Publishers have historically distributed their instructional materials to post-secondary students through campus bookstores, but as with other forms of media, higher education instructional materials are experiencing a transition towards digital distribution and subscription-based offerings.

Our industry has been experiencing a shift from print to digital products. We generally recognize revenues from digital publications on a deferred basis, and we expect that our results in 2014 and beyond may be adversely impacted if sales from print products decline at a rate faster than the increase we expect from digital publications, in part due to offerings from new competitors, but over the longer term we expect to realize significant benefits from this transition.

Industry Highlights and Outlook

Revenue is affected by enrollments, higher education funding and the number of courses available to students. The median projected increase in U.S. college enrollments is a rise of 15% to 23.4 million between 2009 and 2019, according to the National Center for Education Statistics. Enrollment in the U.S. tends to exhibit a greater than average increase during times of recession (as individuals return to school to improve their job prospects when the economy rebounds) and a decrease in the first year following a recession, after which time normal growth trends tend to resume. Such increased enrollments generally have a positive effect on our revenue. In international markets, where government funding generally constitutes a larger percentage of the overall amount spent on education, including on our products, government spending generally decreases during recessionary periods, which can have an adverse effect on our revenue in such markets.

Enrollment decreased 1.4% in the fall semester of 2013, an improvement from the 2.1% decline in the spring 2013 semester, in the United States, impacting all publishers as the economy continued to rebound from the recession. We believe this to be a temporary challenge which may also affect our revenues in fiscal 2014. Since 1970, there have been only three years in which enrollment declined by more than 1%. In all three cases, enrollment quickly resumed more normalized growth patterns.

The U.S. college new learning solution market was $4.3 billion in 2013. As technology continues to be the key trend in higher education for course management and content delivery, we will continue our digital transformation by aggressively pursuing a variety of e-initiatives, including eBooks, homework support for students and online faculty support.

Our Business

Our three principal businesses are as follows:

•

MHGE Higher Education provides instructional content, adaptive learning (an educational method which uses technology to adapt the presentation of specific content according to students’ learning needs, as indicated by their responses to questions), assessment and institutional services to students, professors, provosts and presidents in the college, university and postgraduate markets in the United States and around the world. Substantially all of MHGE Higher Education’s revenue is generated from individual titles of which we publish over 2,000. Reflecting the breadth and depth of MHGE Higher Education’s content, no individual title accounts for more than 2% of total revenue of MHGE Higher Education.

•

MHGE Professional provides content and subscription-based information services for the professional business, medical, technical and education/test prep communities, including for professionals preparing for entry into graduate programs.

•

MHGE International operations leverage our global scale and brand recognition and extensive product portfolio to serve educational and professional markets around the world. MHGE International pursues numerous product models to drive growth, ranging from reselling primarily MHGE Higher Education and MHGE Professional offerings to creating locally developed product suites customized for each region. MHGE International’s core geographic markets are located in Canada, Australia, Mexico, Spain, United Kingdom, Singapore and India.

The Founding Acquisition

On March 22, 2013, MHE Acquisition, LLC, acquired all of the outstanding equity interests of certain subsidiaries of The XxXxxx-Xxxx Companies, Inc. (“MHC”) for $2,184,071 in cash (the Founding Acquisition”). MHE Acquisition, LLC was formed and is owned by investment funds affiliated with Apollo Global Management (“Apollo” or the “Sponsor”). The acquired subsidiaries included all of MHC’s educational materials and learning solutions business, which is comprised of two elements: (i) the Higher Education, Professional, and International Group, which includes post-secondary education and professional products both in the U.S. and internationally (the “HPI business”) and (ii) the School Education Group business, which includes school and assessment products targeting students in the pre-kindergarten through secondary school market (the “SEG business”).

The HPI business is our predecessor for accounting purposes (the “Predecessor”). Therefore, the results of operations of the Predecessor for the periods ended March 31, 2013 do not include the operations of the School Business. Historically, the Predecessor did not operate as an independent standalone company. The Predecessor’s combined financial statements have been carved-out of the historical combined financial statements of XxXxxx-Xxxx Education, LLC for the periods prior to the Founding Acquisition. In connection with the Founding Acquisition, all of HPI business’s assets and liabilities were revised to reflect their preliminarily estimated fair values on the date of the Founding Acquisition, based upon an allocation of the overall purchase price to the underlying net assets acquired. The combined consolidated financial statements as of March 31, 2014 and for the period from March 23, 2013 to March 31, 2013 (Successor) present separately the consolidated financial position, results of operations, cash flows and changes in equity for the Company on a “Successor” basis (reflecting the Company’s ownership by funds affiliated with Apollo) and the combined financial position, results of operations, cash flows and changes in equity for the period ended March 22, 2013 on a Predecessor basis (reflecting the Company’s ownership by MHC). The financial information of the Company has been separated by a vertical line on the face of the combined consolidated financial statements to identify these different bases of accounting.

Overall Operating Results

The following table sets forth certain historical combined consolidated financial information for the quarters ended March 31, 2014 and 2013. For comparison purposes, we have presented the results of operations for the March 31, 2013 on a combined basis, consisting of the historical results of the Predecessor for the period from January 1, 2013 to March 22, 2013, and for the historical results of operations of the Successor for the period from March 23, 2013 to March 31, 2013. We believe that this presentation, although not in conformity with U.S. GAAP, is beneficial to the reader by providing an easier-to-read discussion of the results of operations and provide the reader with information from which to analyze our financial results that is consistent with the manner that management reviews and analyzes results of operations. The following table and discussion should be read in conjunction with the information contained in our historical combined consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto included elsewhere in this prospectus. However, our historical results of operations set forth below and elsewhere in this prospectus may not necessarily reflect what would have occurred if we had been a separate, stand-alone entity during the periods presented or what will occur in the future.

Three months ended March 31, 2014 compared to the Combined Periods Ended January 1, 2013 to March 22, 2013 (Predecessor) and March 23, 2013 to March 31, 2013 (Successor).


	Successor						Predecessor			(Combined)
	Quarter Ended March 31, 2014			March 23, 2013 through March 31, 2013			January 1, 2013 through March 22, 2013			Quarter Ended March 31, 2013			Percentage Increase (Decrease)
Revenue	$	204,571		$	12,883		$	186,242		$	199,125			2.7	%
Cost of goods sold		53,820			10,243			56,249			66,492			(19.1	)%

Gross profit		150,751			2,640			129,993			132,633			13.7	%
Operating expenses
Operating & administration expenses		168,201			11,550			129,336			140,886			19.4	%
Depreciation		5,000			430			3,874			4,304			16.2	%
Amortization of intangibles		25,649			2,171			1,699			3,870			562.8	%
Transaction related expenses		2,565			17,416			—			17,416			(85.3	)%

Total operating expenses		201,415			31,567			134,909			166,476			21.0	%

Operating (loss) income		(50,664	)		(28,927	)		(4,916	)		(33,843	)		49.7	%
Interest expense (income), net		44,319			4,405			481			4,886			807.1	%
Other (income)		(8,604	)		—			—			—			N/A

(Loss) income from operations before taxes on income		(86,379	)		(33,332	)		(5,397	)		(38,729	)		123.0	%
Income tax (benefit) provision		(29,092	)		(12,179	)		(1,213	)		(13,392	)		117.2	%

Net (loss) income		(57,287	)		(21,153	)		(4,184	)		(25,337	)		126.1	%
Less: net (income) loss attributable to noncontrolling interests		118			—			631			631			(81.3	)%

Net (loss) income attributable to XxXxxx-Xxxx Global Education LLC	$	(57,169	)	$	(21,153	)	$	(3,553	)	$	(24,706	)		131.4	%

Revenue

Revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2014, periods from March 23, 2013 to March 31, 2013 and January 1, 2013 to March 22, 2013 was $204,571, $12,883 and $186,242, respectively. The increase from 2013 to 2014 was primarily due to an increase in Higher Education and Professional revenue partially offset by purchase accounting adjustments to unearned revenue balances of $1,336 in March 2014 compared to $720 in March 2013 as well as decreases in International revenue. Excluding the impact of purchase accounting, revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2014, periods from March 23, 2013 to March 31, 2013 and January 1, 2013 to March 22, 2013 was $205,907,$13,603 and $186,242, respectively. Excluding the impact of purchase accounting, digital revenue grew 21.7% year over year.

MHGE Higher Education

Excluding the impact of purchase accounting, Higher Education revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2014 and periods from March 23, 2013 to March 31, 2013, January 1, 2013 to March 22, 2013 was $128,604, $9,670 and $108,329, respectively. Increases in Higher Education revenue were primarily due to growth in both digital of $11,215 and print sales of $5,406, partially offset by decreases in custom revenue of $6,017. In addition, within our

digital adaptive learning products, the increase in new student activations for XxXxxx-Xxxx Connect and active users of LearnSmart increased 19% and 37%, respectively, from the three months ended March 31, 2013 reflects increased demand for both product lines. In August 2013 the Company acquired all of the outstanding shares of ALEKS Corporation, a developer of adaptive learning technology for the higher education and K-12 education markets.

MHGE Professional

Excluding the impact of purchase accounting, Professional revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2014, the periods from March 23, 2013 to March 31, 2013 and January 1, 2013 to March 22, 2013 was $25,935, $1,935 and $23,207, respectively. The increase was primarily due to growth in digital sales of $1,120, partially offset by lower print sales of $327.

MHGE International

Excluding the impact of purchase accounting, International revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2014, the periods from March 23, 2013 to March 31, 2013 and January 1, 2013 to March 22, 2013 was $49,739, $2,594 and $52,877, respectively. The decrease was primarily due to declines in sales in Asia, India and Latin America. Traditional print sales decreased $8,305, partially offset by growth in digital sales of $2,396.

Foreign exchange rates had a unfavorable impact on revenue of $1,898, $0 and $113 for the three months ended March 31, 2014, the periods from March 23, 2013 to March 31, 2013 and January 1, 2013 to March 22,2013, respectively. This impact refers to constant currency comparisons estimated by re-calculating current year results of foreign operations using the average exchange rate from the prior year.

Other

Excluding the impact of purchase accounting, Other revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2014, the periods from March 23, 2013 to March 31, 2013 and January 1, 2013 to March 22, 2013 was $1,629, $596 and an expense of $1,829, respectively.

Cost of Goods Sold

Cost of goods sold for the three months ended March 31, 2014, the periods from March 23, 2013 to March 31, 2013 and January 1, 2013 to March 22, 2013 was $53,820, $10,243 and $56,249, respectively. This decrease was primarily due to the purchase accounting step-up to fair market value of inventory of $5,884 as of March 23, 2013. Excluding the impact of purchase accounting, cost of sales declined $6,788, or I 0.2%, reflecting favorable manufacturing costs and royalty rates due to product mix. Excluding the impact of purchase accounting, manufacturing costs as a percentage of total cost of goods sold for the three months ended March 31, 2014, the periods from March 23, 2013 to March 31, 2013 and January I, 2013 to March 22, 2013 were 43%, 29% and 45%, respectively, while royalty expenses as a percentage of total cost of goods sold for the three months ended March 31, 2014, the periods from March 23, 2013 to March 31, 2013 and January 1, 2013 to March 22, 2013 were 49%, 62% and 44%, respectively. As a percentage of revenue, cost of goods sold, excluding purchase accounting adjustments, for the three months ended March 31, 2014, the periods from March 23, 2013 to March 31, 2013 and January I, 2013 to March 22,2013 was 26.1%, 32.0% and 30.2%, respectively.

Operating & Administration Expenses

Operating & administration expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2014, the periods from March 23, 2013 to March 31, 2013 and January I, 2013 to March 22, 2013 were $168,201, $11,550 and $129,336, respectively. The increase was primarily as a result of separation costs and cost savings initiatives taken during the three months ended March 31, 2014 partially offset by a more favorable cost structure as a stand-alone company. As a percentage of revenue, operating & administration expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2014, the periods from March 23, 2013 to March 31, 2013 and January I, 2013 to March 22, 2013 were 82.2%, 89.6% and 69.4%, respectively.

Depreciation & Amortization of intangibles

Total depreciation and amortization expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2014, periods from March 23, 2013 to March 31, 2013 and January 1, 2013 to March 22, 2013 were $30,649, $2,601 and $5,573, respectively. This was primarily due to increase in the fair value of definite-lived intangible assets of $1,062,407 and $58,541 related to the Founding Acquisition and ALEKS acquisition respectively.

Transaction related expenses

Transaction related expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2014, periods from March 23, 2013 to March 31, 2013 and January 1, 2013 to March 22, 2013 were $2,565, $17,416 and $0, respectively. This was solely a result of effecting the Founding Transactions and debt refinancing activities. The transaction related expenses include outside legal and consulting expenses.

Interest expense, net

Interest expenses, net, for the three months ended March 31, 2014, periods from March 23, 2013 to March 31, 2013 and January 1, 2013 to March 22, 2013 were $44,319, $4,405 and $481, respectively. This was principally a result of effecting the Founding Transactions. As discussed in note 2 - The Founding Transactions - to the combined consolidated financial statements, our Founding Acquisition was financed by borrowings consisting of an initial $810,000 6-year senior secured term loan credit facility, all of which was drawn at closing, $240,000 5-year senior secured revolving credit facility, of which $35,000 was drawn at closing, and an issuance of $800,000, 9.75% first - priority senior secured notes.

Provision for Taxes on Income

Taxes on income for the three months ended March 31, 2014, periods from March 23, 2013 to March 31, 2013 and January 1, 2013 to March 22, 2013 were a benefit of $29,092, $12,179 and $1,213, respectively. The Predecessor tax provisions and related deferred tax assets and liabilities were determined as if the Company was a separate taxpayer. The effective tax rate decreased from 34.6% for the periods in 2013 to 33.7% in 2014.

Net Income Reconciliation to EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA and Post-Plate Adjusted Cash EBITDA

EBITDA, a measure used by management to assess operating performance, is defined as income from continuing operations plus interest, income taxes, depreciation and amortization, including amortization of prepublication costs (“plate investment”). Adjusted EBITDA is defined as EBITDA adjusted to exclude unusual items and other adjustments required or permitted in calculating covenant compliance under the indenture governing our senior secured notes and/or our new senior secured credit facilities. Pro Forma Post-Plate Adjusted Cash EBITDA reflects the impact of cash spent for plate investment. Plate investment costs, reflecting the cost of developing education content are capitalized and amortized. These costs are capitalized when the title is expected to generate probable future economic benefits and are amortized upon publication of the title over its estimated useful life of up to six years. Pro Forma Post-Plate Adjusted Cash EBITDA reflects EBITDA as defined in the First Lien Credit Agreement and the Bond Indenture.

Each of the above described EBITDA-based measures is not a recognized term under U.S. GAAP and does not purport to be an alternative to income from continuing operations as a measure of operating performance or to cash flows from operations as a measure of liquidity. Additionally, each such measure is not intended to be a measure of free cash flows available for management’s discretionary use, as it does not consider certain cash requirements such as interest payments, tax payments and debt service requirements. Such measures have limitations as analytical tools, and you should not consider any of such measures in isolation or as substitutes for our results as reported under U.S. GAAP. Management compensates for the limitations of using non-GAAP financial measures by using them to supplement U.S. GAAP results to provide a more complete understanding of the factors and trends affecting the business than U.S. GAAP results alone. Because not all companies use identical calculations, these EBITDA- based measures may not be comparable to other similarly titled measures of other companies.

Management believes EBITDA is helpful in highlighting trends because EBITDA excludes the results of decisions that are outside the control of operating management and can differ significantly from company to company depending on long-term strategic decisions regarding capital structure, the tax jurisdictions in which companies operate and capital investments. In addition, EBITDA provides more comparability between the historical operating results and operating results that reflect purchase accounting and the new capital structure.

Management believes that the inclusion of supplementary adjustments to EBITDA applied in presenting Adjusted EBITDA and Post- Plate Adjusted Cash EBITDA are appropriate to provide additional information to investors about certain material non-cash items and about unusual items that we do not expect to continue at the same level in the future.

EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA and Post-Plate Adjusted Cash EBITDA are calculated as follows:


	Three Months Ended						Year Ended			LTM
	March 31, 2013			March 31, 2014			December 31, 2013			March 31, 2014
Net income (loss)	$	(25,337	)	$	(57,287	)		(87,895	)		(119,845	)
Interest (income) expense, net		4,886			44,319			135,503			174,936
Provision for (benefit from) taxes on income		(13,392	)		(29,092	)		(63,044	)		(78,744	)
Depreciation, amortization and plate investment amortization		19,467			40,959			167,019			188,511

EBITDA		(14,376	)		(1,101	)		151,583			164,858

Deferred revenue (a)		(12,926	)		(17,809	)		49,259			44,376
Restructuring and cost savings implementation charges (b)		2,767			9,200			24,700			31,133
Sponsor fees (c)		80			875			875			1,670
Purchase accounting (d)		6,604			—			141,100			134,496
Transaction costs (e)		17,416			2,565			27,612			12,761
Acquisition costs (f)		—			2,410			4,296			6,706
Other (g)		3,293			1,365			20,703			18,775

Adjusted EBITDA		2,858			(2,495	)		420,128			414,775

Plate investment cash costs (h)		(15,698	)		(9,220	)		(66,583	)		(60,105	)

Post-Plate Adjusted Cash EBITDA	$	(12,840	)	$	(11,715	)		353,545			354,670

Pre-acquisition ALEKS Post-Plate Adjusted EBITDA (i)								5,000			(2,084	)
Cost savings for initiatives implemented or identified that will be implemented (j)								42,000			41,400

Pro forma Post-Plate Adjusted Cash EBITDA							$	400,545		$	393,986

Notes:

(a)

We receive cash for certain digital products up front but recognize revenue over time. We record a liability for deferred revenue when we receive the cash. This adjustment represents the net effect of converting deferred revenues on digital sales to a cash basis assuming the collection of all receivable balances. In the first quarter 2014, this adjustment was $19,145, and there was also purchase accounting adjustments that reduced reported revenues by $1,336.

(b)	Represents run-rate cost savings, non-recurring severance and other expenses associated with headcount reductions and other cost savings initiated in 2013 and 2014 as part of our formal restructuring initiatives to create a flatter and more agile organization.

(c)	Beginning in 2014, approximately $3,500 of annual management fees will be payable to the Sponsor. The amount recorded in the Q1 2013 Successor period was $80. The expense incurred during the first quarter 2014 was $875.

(d)

Represents the effects of the application of purchase accounting associated with the acquisition of MHC’s educational materials and learning solutions business on March 22, 2013, driven by the step-up of acquired inventory. The deferred revenue adjustment recorded as a result of purchase accounting has been considered in the deferred revenue adjustment.

(e)	The amount represents the transaction costs associated with the acquisition of MHC’s educational materials and learning solutions business on March 22, 2013.

(f)	The amount represents costs associated with the acquisition of Area 9 on February 6, 2014.

(g)

Represents (i) cash distributions to noncontrolling interest holders (excluding special dividends) of $169 and $1,700, for the quarter ended March 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively; (ii) non-cash incentive compensation expense; (iii) elimination of non-cash gain of $7,329 in Area 9; (iv) physical separation costs from former parent of $5,100; and (v) other adjustments permitted and/or required under the indentures governing MHGE’s notes and the credit agreement governing MHGE’s senior credit facilities.

(h)	Represents cash spent for plate investment during the period.

(i)	The corresponding revenue impact (including the change in deferred revenue) associated with the EBITDA adjustment presented was $845.

(j)

Represents the run-rate impact of cost savings attributable to initiatives implemented and those we believe can be implemented in the next twelve months, but does not reflect the estimated costs we expect to incur to implement these savings. These cost savings relate primarily to supply chain initiatives, vendor management, increased utilization of outsourcing arrangements as well as continued streamlining of our operations as a stand-alone entity.

Debt and Liquidity

Historically, we have generated operating cash flows (and with respect to the Predecessor, received financial support from MHC) sufficient to fund our seasonal working capital, capital requirements, expenditure and financing requirements. We use our cash generated from operating activities for a variety of needs, including among others: working capital requirements, investments in plate investment, capital expenditures and strategic acquisitions.

Our operating cash flows are affected by the inherent seasonality of the academic calendar. This seasonality also impacts cash flow patterns as investments are typically made in the first half of the year to support the strong selling period that occurs in the second half of the year. As a result, our cash flow is typically lower in the first half of the year and higher in the second half.

Going forward, we may need cash to fund operating activities, working capital, capital expenditures, and strategic investments. Our ability to fund our capital needs will depend on our ongoing ability to generate cash from operations, and our access to the bank and capital markets. We believe that our future cash flow from operations, together with our access to funds on hand and capital markets, will provide adequate resources to fund our operating and financing needs for at least the next twelve months. We also expect our working capital requirements to decrease as a result of our migration from print products to digital products.

If our cash flows from operations are less than we require, we may need to incur debt or issue equity. From time to time we may need to access to the long-term and short-term capital markets to obtain financing. Although we believe we can currently finance our operations on acceptable terms and conditions, our access to, and the availability of, financing on acceptable terms and conditions in the future will be affected by many factors, including: (i) our credit ratings, (ii) the liquidity of the overall capital markets and (iii) the current state of the economy. There can be no assurance that we will continue to have access to the capital markets on terms acceptable us.

The Acquisition was financed by:

•

Borrowings under MHGE Holdings senior secured credit facilities (the “Senior Facilities”), consisting of a $810,000,
6-year senior secured term loan credit facility (the “term loan facility”), all of which was drawn at closing and a $240,000,
5-year senior secured revolving credit facility (“revolving credit facility”), $35,000 of which was drawn at closing;

•

Issuance by MHGE Holdings and XxXxxx-Xxxx Global Education Finance, Inc., a wholly owned subsidiary of MHGE Holdings (together with MHGE Holdings, the “Issuers”), of $800,000, 9.75% first-priority senior secured notes due 2021 (the “Notes”); and

•

Equity contribution of $950,000 from Parent funded by the Sponsor, co-investors and management.

The Founding Acquisition occurred simultaneously with the closing of the financing transactions and the equity investment described above.

The Founding Acquisition, related financing and payment of any costs related to these transactions are collectively herein referred to as the “Founding Transactions”.

Senior Facilities

In connection with the Founding Transactions, on March 22, 2013, MHGE Holdings, our wholly owned subsidiary, together with the Company, entered into the Senior Facilities, which is governed by a first lien credit agreement with Credit Suisse AG, as administrative agent and the other agents and lenders party thereto, that provides senior secured financing of up to $1,050,000, consisting of:

•

term loan facility in an aggregate principal amount of $810,000 with a maturity of six years; and

•

revolving credit facility in an aggregate principal amount of up to $240,000 with a maturity of five years, including both a letter of credit sub-facility and a swingline loan sub-facility.

On December 31, 2013 the Company prepaid 10% of the $810,000 term loan facility outstanding under its First Lien Credit Agreement against remaining installments thereunder in reverse order of maturity. This $81,000 prepayment is in addition to the Company’s scheduled quarterly repayment of $2,025 that was paid on the same date.

The interest rate on the borrowings under the Senior Facilities is based on LIBOR or Prime, plus an applicable margin. The interest rate at March 31, 2014 was 5.75% for the term loan facility and there were no borrowings outstanding under the revolving credit facility. The term loan facility and the revolving credit facility were issued at a discount of 3% and 2%, respectively. Debt issuance costs and the discount are amortized to interest expense over the term of the respective facility. The amount of amortization included in interest expense for the quarter ended March 31,2014 and March 23, 2013 to March 31, 2013 (Successor) was $2,497 and $348, respectively. There was no amortization expense recorded in the Predecessor periods in 2013.

The term loan facility requires quarterly amortization payments totaling 1% per annum of the original principal amount of the facility, with the balance payable on the final maturity date. The term loan facility also includes custom mandatory prepayments requirements based on certain events such as asset sales, debt issuances, and defined levels of free cash flows.

All obligations under the Senior Facilities are guaranteed by the Parent, the Company, and each of MHGE Holdings existing and future direct and indirect material, wholly owned domestic subsidiaries and are secured by first priority lien on substantially all tangible and intangible assets of MHGE Holdings and each subsidiary guarantor, all of MHGE Holdings capital stock and the capital stock of each subsidiary guarantor and 65% of the capital stock of the first-tier foreign subsidiaries that are not subsidiary guarantors, in each case subject to exceptions.

The revolving credit facility includes a springing financial maintenance covenant that requires MHGE Holdings net first lien leverage ratio not to exceed 7.00 to 1.00 (the ratio of consolidated net debt secured by first-priority liens on the collateral to EBITDA, as defined in the First Lien Credit Agreement). The covenant will be tested quarterly when the revolving credit facility is more than 20% drawn (including outstanding letters of credit), beginning with the fiscal quarter ended June 30, 2013, and will be a condition to drawings under the revolving credit facility (including for new letters of credit) that would result in more than 20% drawn thereunder. As of March 31, 2014 the borrowings under the revolving credit facility were less than 20%, and so the covenant was not in effect.

Pro Forma Post-Plate Adjusted Cash EBITDA as presented earlier reflects EBITDA as defined in the First Lien Credit Agreement. Solely for the purpose of calculating the springing financial covenant, plate investments should be excluded from the calculation of EBITDA.

9.75% First-Priority Senior Secured Notes due 2021

In connection with the Founding Acquisition, on March 22, 2013, the Issuers issued $800,000 in principal amount of the Notes in a private placement. The Notes bear interest at a rate of 9.75% per annum, payable semi-annually in arrears on April 1 and October 1 of each year, commencing on October 1, 2013. The Notes were issued at a discount of 1.363%. Debt issuance costs and the discount are amortized to interest expense over the term of the Notes using the effective interest method. The amount of amortization included in interest expense for quarter ended March 31, 2014 and March 23, 2013 to March 31, 2013 (Successor) was $1,498 and $150, respectively. There was no amortization expense recorded in the Predecessor periods in 2013.

The Issuers may redeem the Notes at its option, in whole or in part, at any time on or after April 1, 2016, at certain redemption prices.

The Senior Facilities and the Notes contain certain customary affirmative covenants and events of default. In addition, the negative covenants in the Senior Facilities and the Notes limit MHGE Holdings and its restricted subsidiaries’ ability to, among other things: incur additional indebtedness or issue certain preferred shares, create liens on certain assets, pay dividends or prepay junior debt, make certain loan, acquisitions or investments, materially change its business, engage into transactions with affiliates, conduct asset sales, restrict dividends from subsidiaries or restrict liens, or merge, consolidate, sell or otherwise dispose of all or substantially all of MHGE Holdings assets.

Scheduled Principal Payments

The scheduled principal payments required under the terms of the Senior Facilities and the Notes as of March 31, 2014 were as follows:


	Successor
	March 31, 2014
Remainder of 2014		5,160
2015		6,880
2016		6,880
2017		6,880
2018		6,880
2019 and beyond		1,463,525

		1,496,205
Less: Current portion		6,880

	$	1,489,325

Cash Flows

Cash and cash equivalents decreased from $253,390 at December 31, 2013 (Successor) to $155,885 at March 31, 2014 (Successor). This decrease was primarily attributable to the cash used in operating and financing activities.

Cash flows from operating, investing and financing activities are presented in the following table:


				Successor			Predecessor			(Combined)
	Three Months Ended March 31, 2014			March 23, 2013 through March 31, 2013			January 1, 2013 through March 22, 2013			Three Months Ended March 31, 2013
Cash flows from operating activities	$	(29,536	)	$	(7,185	)	$	29,747		$	22,562
Cash flows from investing activities		(29,479	)		(1,741,017	)		(49,128	)		(1,790,145	)
Cash flows from financing activities		(36,889	)		1,817,895			(57,724	)		1,760,171

Net cash flows from operating activities consist of profit after tax adjusted for changes in net working capital and non-cash items such as depreciation, amortization and write-offs, and movements in provisions and pensions. For the quarter ended March 31, 2014:

•

Cash flows used in operating activities during the quarter ended March 31, 2014, were $29,536 compared to $22,562 cash provided in the corresponding period of 2013. The cash used in operating activities reflected lower contributions from working capital.

•

Cash flows used in investing activities during the quarter ended March 31, 2014, were $29,479 compared to $1,790,145 in the corresponding period of 2013, primarily reflected payments of $28,044 for Area 9 acquisitions.

•

Cash flows used in financing activities during the quarter ended March 31, 2014, were $36,889 compared to $1,760,171 cash provided in the corresponding period of 2013, primarily as a result of payment of term loan $36,720.

Capital Expenditure and Plate Investment

Part of our plan for growth and stability includes disciplined capital expenditures and plate investment.

An important component of our cash flow generation is our prepublication efficiency. We have been focused on optimizing our plate investment to generate content that can be leveraged across our full range of products, maximizing long-term return on investment. Plate investments, principally external preparation costs, are amortized from the year of publication over their estimated useful lives, one to six years, using either an accelerated or straight-line method. The majority of the programs are amortized using an accelerated methodology. We periodically

evaluate the amortization methods, rates, remaining lives and recoverability of such costs. In evaluating recoverability, we consider our current assessment of the market place, industry trends, and the projected success of programs. Our plate investment for the quarter ended March 31, 2014 and for the combined Successor and Predecessor quarter ended March 31, 2013 were $9,220 and $15,698, respectively. The decline is due to improved management of prepublication investment and favorable timing.

Capital expenditures include purchases of property and equipment and additions to technology projects. Capital expenditures for the quarter ended March 31, 2014 and for the combined Successor and Predecessor quarter ended March 31, 2013 were $868 and $1,911, respectively.

Our planned capital expenditures and plate investments will require, individually and in the aggregate, significant capital commitments and, if completed, may result in significant additional revenues. Cash needed to finance investments and projects currently in progress, as well as additional investments being pursued, is expected to be made available from operating cash flows and our credit facilities. See Debt and Liquidity for further information.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

As March 31, 2014 we did not have any relationships with uncombined entities, such as entities often referred to as specific purpose or variable interest entities where we are the primary beneficiary, which would have been established for the purpose of facilitating off-balance sheet arrangements or other contractually narrow or limited purposes. As such we are not exposed to any financial liquidity, market or credit risk that could arise if we had engaged in such relationships.

Contractual Obligations

The following table summarizes our significant contractual obligations and commercial commitments as of March 31, 2014, over the next several years that relate to our continuing operations:.


	Payments due by Period
	Total		2014 Q2 - Q4		2015-2016		2017-2018		2019 and beyond
Contractual Cash Obligations
Long-term debt, including current portion	$	1,496,205	$	5,160	$	13,760	$	13,760	$	1,463,525
Interest on long-term debt		746,315		109,999		236,202		234,620		165,494

In addition to the amounts included above, effective January 1, 2013, in connection with the Founding Transactions, MHGE Holdings, our wholly owned subsidiary, entered into transition services agreement with MHC, pursuant to which MHC will provide MHGE Holdings and us with certain corporate services, including corporate accounting, treasury, global procurement and manufacturing, facilities, human resources and information technology through 2014.

Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosure About Market Risk

Our exposure to market risk includes changes in foreign exchange rates. We have operations in various foreign countries where the functional currency is primarily the local currency. For international operations that are determined to be extensions of the parent company, the United States dollar is the functional currency. Our principal currency exposures relate to the euro, British Pound, Australian Dollar, Canadian Dollar, Singapore Dollar and Mexican Peso. We have not historically entered into any derivative financial instruments for hedging or speculative purposes.

We have issued fixed and floating-rate debt and will be subject to variations in interest rates in respect of our floating-rate debt. Borrowings under our Senior Facilities will accrue interest at variable rates, and a 100 basis point increase in the LIBOR on our debt balances outstanding as of March 31, 2014 would increase our annual interest expense by $1,582. While we may enter into agreements limiting our exposure to higher interest rates, any such agreements may not offer complete protection from this risk.

XxXxxx-Xxxx Global Education Intermediate Holdings, LLC and Subsidiaries

Combined Consolidated Statements of Operations

(Dollars in thousands)

In the future we may use interest rate xxxxxx to manage the mix of our debt between fixed and variable rate instruments. We do not purchase or hold any derivative financial instruments for trading purposes.

From time to time we may enter into hedging arrangements with respect to LIBOR borrowings under our Senior Facilities.

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