EXHIBIT 10.18
EMPLOYMENT AGREEMENT
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THIS EMPLOYMENT AGREEMENT (the "Agreement") is made and entered into as of
April 20, 1999 by and between Advanstar, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the
"Company") and Xxxxxx X. Xxxxxxx ("Executive").
WHEREAS, the Company currently operates certain trade exposition and
publishing businesses; and
WHEREAS, the Company wishes to continue to employ Executive and Executive
is prepared to continue to serve in those capacities required by the Company.
NOW, THEREFORE, the parties agree as follows:
1. Position and Authority. The Company agrees to employ the Executive, and
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the Executive accepts such employment and agrees to serve the Company as
Chairman of the Board of Directors and Chief Executive Officer of the Company
and any of its respective Subsidiaries as may from time to time be requested by
the Company, for the compensation and benefits detailed in Sections 3 and 4
hereof. It is understood that the Executive will report to the Board of
Directors and that no other officer shall regularly so report. During the
Employment Term, the Company shall nominate Executive, and shall use its
commercially reasonable best efforts to cause Executive to be elected, to the
Board of Directors. The Executive shall be the highest ranking officer of the
Company and shall have (in all cases subject to the overall authority and
control of the Board of Directors) such authority as is typical for executives
having similar positions in similar companies. A "Subsidiary" shall be any
company in which the Company beneficially owns more than 50% of the voting power
of such company's outstanding voting securities.
2. Duties. Executive shall devote substantially all of his business time
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(subject to four weeks of vacation, or such greater amount as is authorized by
the Board of Directors) to the affairs of the Company during the employment
term, except as may be consented to by the Board of Directors. Notwithstanding
the foregoing, to the extent that it does not materially interfere with the
performance of his duties, Executive may devote such business time as is
reasonably necessary to his duties as a director of not more than two business
corporations not affiliated with the Company, and Executive may devote business
time to any charitable or not-for-profit activities. Executive shall perform
such duties and responsibilities as the Board of Directors of the Company may
reasonably determine from time to time, provided that such duties and
responsibilities are consistent with Executive's position as Chief Executive
Officer of the Company and do not diminish Executive's authority as set forth in
Section 1 hereof. Executive will not be required to relocate his permanent
residence outside of greater Boston, Massachusetts; provided that, if Executive
and the Company agree that Executive will relocate his permanent residence to
another city (such agreement to include the Company's reimbursement of
relocation expenses) (a "New Location") and perform his duties and
responsibilities pursuant to the terms of this contract at the Company's offices
in the New Location, then Executive will not be required to relocate his
permanent residence outside the New Location.
3. Base Compensation and Bonus.
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(a) Base Compensation. Executive will be compensated at a base salary
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rate of $500,000 per year (or such higher rate as may be set from time to time
by the Board of Directors in its discretion) during the employment term. Base
compensation will be paid in installments on the same schedule as the Company's
Subsidiaries generally pay their employees. All compensation and benefits will
be subject to reduction by all federal, state, local and other withholdings and
similar taxes and payments required by applicable law.
(b) Bonus for any Fiscal Year. The Executive shall receive bonus
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compensation based on the relationship between the Company's actual earnings
before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization and non-cash compensation
expense ("EBITDA") for each fiscal year starting with the fiscal year ending
December 31, 1999 (determined based on the Company's audited financial
statements for such fiscal year) and the EBITDA set for such year in the Company
"Adjusted Business Plan" (as defined below) as follows:
Actual EBITDA Bonus
as a Percentage (as a Percentage
of Plan of Base Salary
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Less than 80% No bonus
100% 50% of Base Salary
120% or More 100% of Base Salary
If actual EBITDA as a percentage of the Company's Adjusted Business Plan falls
between 80% and 120%, the amount of bonus shall be pro rated on a straight-line
basis. In no case shall bonus payable under this Section 3(b) exceed 100% of
Base Salary unless agreed to by the Board of Directors in its absolute
discretion. Nothing herein shall be construed to prohibit or restrict the
Company from paying additional compensation to Executive if the Board of
Directors so determines in its absolute discretion.
The "Adjusted Business Plan" shall be the Company's business plan for
the fiscal year in question as approved by the Board of Directors with the
consent of Executive, appropriately adjusted for acquisitions or dispositions
during the year as determined by the Board of Directors in good faith. If the
Board and the Executive do not adopt a mutually satisfactory business plan prior
to the beginning of any fiscal year, the business plan for purposes of this
Section 3(b) shall be the last business plan submitted by the Company to its
lenders, subject to adjustment as provided above for acquisitions and
dispositions occurring after the date thereof.
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Any bonus payable under this Section 3(b) shall be paid not later than
60 days after the applicable fiscal year end.
4. Benefits.
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(a) During Executive's employment by the Company, Executive will
receive the same (or substantially similar) employee benefits to those provided
by the Company or its Subsidiaries to other members of senior management from
time to time, including, without limitation, medical and dental insurance,
disability insurance and life insurance (the latter in an amount of not less
than $1,500,000), provided, that regardless of whether or not paid for other
members of senior management, the Company shall pay the entire amount of any
premium for life insurance in an amount of $1,500,000 and disability insurance
provided by the Company to Executive under this Agreement.
(b) During and after the employment term the Company agrees that if
Executive is made a party, or compelled to testify or otherwise participate in,
any action, suit or proceeding (a "Proceeding"), by reason of the fact that he
is or was a director or officer of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries,
Executive shall be indemnified by the Company as provided in Section 145 of the
Delaware General Corporation Law or (but not to any lesser extent) as authorized
by the Company's certificate of incorporation or bylaws or resolutions of the
Company's Board of Directors against all cost, expense, liability, damage and
loss reasonably incurred or suffered by Executive in connection therewith, and
such indemnification shall continue as to Executive even if he has ceased to be
a director or officer of the Company or Subsidiary for the period of any
applicable statute of limitations or, if longer, for the period in which any
such Proceeding which commenced within the period of any such statute of
limitations is pending. The Company shall advance to Executive all reasonable
costs and expenses incurred by him in connection with a Proceeding within 20
days after receipt by the Company of a written request for such advance. Such
request shall include an itemized list of the costs and expenses and an
undertaking by Executive to repay the amount of such advance if it shall
ultimately be determined, in a final judgment for which the time to appeal has
expired, that, pursuant to applicable law, he is not entitled to be indemnified
against such costs and expenses.
(c) The Company will reimburse Executive for his reasonable and
customary business expenses, including travel, accommodations and meals.
Such reimbursement shall include the reasonable cost of travel to and
from Boston (other than commuting expenses) and accommodations and meals when
outside of Boston.
(d) The Company shall lease in Boston office space, reasonably
satisfactory to Executive, at which the Company's principal executive offices
shall be located, including Executive's principal office. Any leasehold
improvements reasonably necessary to prepare such office space for use as the
Company's principal executive office, and all reasonably necessary office
equipment, shall be paid for by the Company. The Company shall provide
Executive with a secretary and such additional office staff as the Board of
Directors and Executive shall determine.
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5. Stock Options. If the Company prices an underwritten initial
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public offering of equity securities at any time prior to September 30, 1999,
the Company will grant to Executive at the time of such pricing 439,940 options
(subject to adjustment for the actual IPO price) under the then applicable stock
option plan of the Company (giving effect to the 2-for-1 stock split
contemplated to be effected in April 1999). The terms of such options
(including vesting) will be those established by the Board of Directors for
grants to employees generally under such plan. Executive shall be eligible for
future stock option grants, but any such grant will be in the sole discretion of
the Board of Directors and nothing herein shall be construed to entitle
Executive to any such grant. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained
in any stock option grant, (a) if Executive's employment is terminated by the
Company without Cause or by the Executive for Good Reason, all unvested stock
options of the Company then held by Executive will vest and be fully exercisable
in accordance with their terms; and (b) if Executive's employment terminates as
a result of death or Disability, the portion of all unvested stock options of
the Company then held by Executive that would have vested within one year from
the date of death or the date of receipt of written notice of Disability will
vest and be fully exercisable in accordance with their terms. The provisions of
this Section 5 will survive any expiration of this Agreement so long as
Executive is employed by or is a consultant to the Company.
6. Term. This Agreement shall have a term of three (3) years from the
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Effective Date (the "Employment Term"), provided that Sections 9 and 10 shall
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survive such expiration in accordance with their terms.
7. Termination.
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(a) This Agreement may be terminated by the Company at any time for
Cause upon written notice to Executive, which notice shall specify the reason
for termination. Such notice shall be given at any time prior to termination in
the case of matters described in clauses (B) or (C), and shall be given not less
than 30 days prior to the date of termination, in the case of matters described
in clauses (A), (D) or (E), and in the case of matters described in clauses (A),
(D) or (E) shall be rescinded if the Executive cures any misconduct, negligent
act, breach or failure giving rise to such notice to the reasonable satisfaction
of the Board of Directors, including curing any damage suffered by the Company
as a result thereof. As used herein, "Cause" shall mean (A) willful misconduct
or gross negligence by Executive in respect of his material obligations under
this Agreement, (B) conviction of a felony involving moral turpitude, (C) theft
of Company property or other disloyal or dishonest conduct of the Executive that
materially xxxxx the Company or its business or (in the case of dishonest
conduct) undermines the confidence of the Board of Directors, (D) willful breach
of this Agreement, or (E) willful failure to observe Company policies or carry
out the directives of the Board of Directors.
(b) Executive may terminate this Agreement for Good Reason by giving
thirty (30) days prior written notice to the Company. "Good Reason" shall exist
only if (i) Executive is removed or is not re-appointed as the Company's Chief
Executive Officer, except in connection with termination of this Agreement by
the Company for Cause or due to death or Disability (as defined below), (ii)
Executive is assigned duties, or authority is withdrawn from Executive,
inconsistent with Executive's authority pursuant to Section 1, without
Executive's express
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written consent, (iii) breach by the Company of any material obligation of the
Company under this Agreement or (iv) Xxxxxxx & Xxxxxxxx and its affiliates shall
cease to beneficially own at least 50% of the voting securities of the Company,
and another person or group (as defined in Section 13 of the Securities Exchange
Act) beneficially owns greater than 50% of such voting securities.
(c) Should the Executive terminate this Agreement for Good Reason, or
should the Company terminate this Agreement without Cause, then the Executive
shall be entitled to receive, for a period of one year, the salary and the
benefits provided for in Sections 3 and 4 hereof, provided that any bonus under
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Section 3(b) will be payable only with respect to that portion of the fiscal
year in which Executive's employment was terminated (or any prior fiscal year
for which bonus remains unpaid)); bonus for any partial fiscal year shall be
determined by multiplying the bonus Executive would have received had he
continued to work for the Company during the entire fiscal year by a fraction,
the numerator of which is the number of days in the fiscal year during which
Executive was employed by the Company, and the denominator of which is 365 (such
amount the "Pro Rata Bonus Amount"). If any such benefits cannot be legally
provided, or the provision thereof would disqualify any plan for favorable tax
treatment under the Internal Revenue Code, a financially equivalent substitute
shall be provided. The Company shall have no obligation to Executive under this
Section 7(c) if Executive breaches the provisions of the letter agreement
referred to in Section 9. This clause (c) shall not apply to a termination
under clause (d) below.
(d) This Agreement shall terminate automatically upon Executive's
death. This Agreement may be terminated by the Company upon written notice to
Executive, or by Executive upon written notice to the Company, upon Executive's
Disability. For purposes of this Agreement, "Disability" means the Executive's
suffering of a disability which shall have prevented him from performing his
obligations hereunder for a period of at least 120 consecutive days or 180 non-
consecutive days in any 365 day period. In the event of termination of this
Agreement due to Executive's death or Disability, in addition to any salary due
to Executive as of the date of death or Disability and remaining unpaid,
Executive shall be entitled to receive, at such time as Executive would
otherwise would have received such sum, the Pro Rata Bonus Amount for the
portion of the fiscal year in which Executive's death or Disability occurred
during which Executive was employed by the Company.
(e) If the Company terminates this Agreement with Cause or if the
Executive terminates this Agreement without Good Reason, or if this Agreement is
terminated under clause (d) above, then the Executive shall, from the date of
such termination, no longer be entitled to any compensation under Sections 3 or
4 (other than, in the case of termination for Disability, disability benefits as
provided pursuant to Section 4 and, in the case of termination for death or
Disability, any bonus payable pursuant to clause (d) above). Nothing in this
clause (e) shall affect Executive's rights under Company health and disability
plans in which Executive participates to the extent such plans provide for
benefits to be paid following the termination of employment.
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(f) Termination of this Agreement shall not discharge any liability
(of either the Company or the Executive) existing at the date of termination.
Further, notwithstanding any termination, the provisions of Sections 9 and 10
shall survive in accordance with their terms.
(g) If Executive ceases to be employed by the Company for any reason,
Executive will resign from the Board of Directors if requested by the Company.
8. Effective Date. This Agreement shall take effect upon the consummation
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of the Company's initial public offering of its equity securities under the
Securities Act of 1933, as amended the ("Effective Date").
9. Non-Competition and Confidentiality. Executive shall execute and
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deliver a letter agreement in the form of Exhibit A hereto.
10. Arbitration. Any claim arising out of or relating to this Agreement
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(including disputes regarding the presence or absence of "Cause" or "Good
Reason" in the event of a termination), or otherwise arising out of or relating
to the Executive's employment by the Company, will be subject to arbitration in
San Francisco, California (if brought by Executive) or Boston, Massachusetts (if
brought by the Company), in accordance with the Federal Arbitration Act and the
rules of the American Arbitration Association relating to commercial disputes.
The prevailing party in any such arbitration shall be entitled to recover from
the other party its reasonable expenses incurred in connection with such
arbitration, including the reasonable fees and expenses of counsel.
11. Severability. If any provision of this Agreement is determined to be
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invalid or unenforceable, it shall be adjusted rather than voided, to achieve
the intent of the parties to the extent possible, and the remainder of the
Agreement shall be enforced to the maximum extent possible.
12. Entire Agreement. This Agreement constitutes the entire agreement
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between Executive and the Company with respect to the terms and conditions of
the employment of Executive by the Company, and as of the Effective Date
supersedes all prior or concurrent arrangements, discussions, agreements or
understandings with respect to the Executive's employment.
13. Governing Law. This Agreement shall be governed by the laws of
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California without regard to principles of conflicts of law.
14. Notice. Any notice, or other written communication to be given
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pursuant to this Agreement for whatever reason shall be deemed duly given and
received (a) if delivered personally, from the date of delivery, or (b) by
certified mail, postage pre-paid, return receipt requested, three (3) days after
the date of mailing, addressed to the above parties as follows:
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If to the Company:
Advanstar, Inc.
000 Xxxxxxxx Xxxxxx
Xxxxxx, Xxxxxxxxxxxxx 00000
Attn: Board of Directors
with a copy to each of:
Xxxxxxx & Xxxxxxxx
Xxx Xxxxxxxx Xxxxx
Xxxxx 0000
Xxx Xxxxxxxxx, Xxxxxxxxxx 00000
Attn: Xxxxxxxx X. Xxxxx
and
Heller, Ehrman, White & XxXxxxxxx
000 Xxxx Xxxxxx
Xxx Xxxxxxxxx, Xxxxxxxxxx 00000
Attn: Xxxxxxx X. Xxxxx, Esq.
If to Executive:
Xxxxxx X. Xxxxxxx
000 Xxxxxxxxxxxx Xxxxxx
Xxxxxx, Xxxxxxxxxxxxx 00000
and:
Xxxxx, Xxxxxxx & Xxxxxxxxx, LLP
High Street Tower
000 Xxxx Xxxxxx
Xxxxxx, Xxxxxxxxxxxxx 00000
Attn: F. Xxxxxx Xxxxxx, Esq.
[REMAINDER OF PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK]
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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have executed this Agreement the
date and year first above written.
ADVANSTAR, INC.
By: /s/ Xxxxx X. Xxxxxxxxxx
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Xxxxx X. Xxxxxxxxxx
Chief Financial Officer
/s/ Xxxxxx X. Xxxxxxx
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Xxxxxx X. Xxxxxxx
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Exhibit A
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Advanstar, Inc.
April 20, 1999
Xxxxxx X. Xxxxxxx
000 Xxxxxxxxxxxx Xxxxxx
Xxxxxx, XX 00000
Dear Xx. Xxxxxxx:
You are to be employed by Advanstar, Inc. (the "Company" and, together with
its subsidiaries "Advanstar"). In consideration of your employment with the
Company, you and the Company agree as follows:
1. Non-Competition. You agree that you will not, during the course of
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your employment with the Company or for the Non-Compete Period following the
termination of such employment, compete with Advanstar, as defined in paragraph
4 below. As used herein "Non-Compete Period" means (a) if your employment is
terminated by the Company without Cause (as defined therein) or by you for Good
Reason (as defined therein), six months or (b) if your employment is terminated
for any other reason, one year.
2. Confidentiality. You acknowledge that your association with Advanstar
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will bring you into close contact with many confidential affairs of Advanstar,
including information about costs, profits, markets, sales, publications, key
personnel, pricing policies, operational methods, other business affairs,
methods and other information not readily available to the public, and plans for
future development. In recognition of the foregoing, you covenant and agree
that you will keep confidential all material confidential to Advanstar that is
not otherwise in the public domain and that you will not intentionally disclose
any such information to anyone outside Advanstar or make any use thereof for
your own benefit or for any purpose other than the advancement of the business
of Advanstar at any time except with the prior written consent of Advanstar as
evidenced by a certified resolution of the Board of Directors of the Company.
For purposes of this Agreement, the following information shall be deemed not to
constitute confidential information of Advanstar:
(a) Any information developed independently by you;
(b) Information that was received by you from a third-party, which,
to your knowledge, is not bound by an agreement of
confidentiality with Advanstar; or
(c) Any information that is in the public domain or generally
available to the public.
3. No Solicitation of Employees. You covenant that during the Non-Compete
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Period, you will not, and no person, corporation, partnership, or other entity
over which you exercise control (whether as an officer, director, sole
proprietor, holder, debt or equity securities, consultant, partner, or
otherwise) will, directly or indirectly (a) enter into any written or oral
agreement or understanding relating to the services of any person who is then
employed by Advanstar or, in the case of any employee other than secretaries,
clerks and similar employees fulfilling merely clerical functions, who has been
so employed within the preceding six months, or (b) solicit, or bid against
Advanstar in an attempt to be awarded, any trade show or exposition business, or
any publishing contract, from any party sponsoring or arranging any trade show
or exposition, or publishing or sponsoring any publication, in either case with
which Advanstar then has such a relationship or contract.
4. Certain Definitions. For purposes of this Letter Agreement,
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competition with Advanstar shall include carrying on any business that is
competitive with the business of Advanstar, in the United States or in any other
country in which Advanstar conducts business as of the termination of your
employment. For purposes of this Letter Agreement, (a) the business of
Advanstar will be deemed to include (without limitation) the organization of
trade shows and expositions of the type and with respect to the industries held
by Advanstar as of the termination of your employment (it being understood that
industry shall be analogized to the categories of the category system of the
Standard Rate Data Service) and the publication (including electronic
publication) of trade journals and other magazines aimed at the particular
businesses, industries or professions (as defined by category according to the
category system of the Standard Rate Data Service) at which Advanstar's
operations are aimed, and (b) each of the following activities (without
limitation) will be deemed to constitute to carrying on business: to engage in,
work with, have interest in, advise, lend money to, guarantee the debts or
obligations of, or permit one's name or any part thereof to be used in
connection with, an enterprise or endeavor either individually, in partnership,
or in conjunction with any person, firm, association, company, or corporation,
whether as principal, agent, shareholder (other than holding of less than 1% of
the voting securities of any public company or 5% of the voting securities of
any private company), employee, director, consultant, or in any other capacity
or manner whatsoever.
5. Severability. The scope and effect of the terms and provisions
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contained in this Letter Agreement (including the noncompetition covenant
contained in Section 1) will be as broad in time (but not beyond the time
periods specified herein), geography, and all other respects as is permitted by
applicable law. If arbitrators, a court, or another body of competent
jurisdiction determine that any term or provision of this Agreement is excessive
in scope, then if possible such term or provision will be adjusted (rather than
voided) in accordance with the purpose stated in the preceding sentence and with
applicable law, but in such a manner as to minimize the change in the provision.
If such term or provision cannot be so adjusted, then it will be struck. All
other terms and provisions of this Letter Agreement will be deemed valid and
enforceable to the full extent possible.
6. Remedies. If any of the covenants or agreements in Sections 1, 2 or 3
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are violated or threatened to be violated, you agree and acknowledge that such
violation or threatened violation will cause irreparable injury to Advanstar,
and that the remedy at law of Advanstar for
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any such violation or threatened violation will be inadequate and that Advanstar
will be entitled to obtain any injunction prohibiting a continuance or
occurrence of such violations or threatened violations in addition to (not in
limitation of) any other rights or remedies available at law or in equity. Your
services hereunder are of a special, unique, unusual, extraordinary character
which gives them peculiar value, the loss of which cannot be reasonably or
adequately computed in damages.
The provisions of this Letter Agreement will be binding upon and inure to
the benefit of our respective heirs, executives, administrators, successors and
assigns. This Letter Agreement will be governed by and construed in accordance
with the laws of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. If there is any conflict
between the provisions of this letter agreement and the provisions of any other
agreement between you and the Company in respect of the subject matter hereof,
the provisions of this agreement shall govern.
Very truly yours,
ADVANSTAR, INC.
By: /s/ Xxxxx X. Xxxxxxxxxx
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Xxxxx X. Xxxxxxxxxx
Chief Financial Officer
ACCEPTED AND AGREED:
/s/ Xxxxxx X. Xxxxxxx
______________________________
Xxxxxx X. Xxxxxxx
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