EXHIBIT 99.1
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AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF MERGER
Dated as of March 29, 1999
among
Computer Associates International, Inc.,
HardMetal, Inc.
and
PLATINUM technology International, inc.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
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ARTICLE I
The Offer
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SECTION 1.1. The Offer.................................................. 1
SECTION 1.2. Company Action............................................. 2
SECTION 1.3. Directors.................................................. 3
ARTICLE II
The Merger
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SECTION 2.1. The Merger................................................. 3
SECTION 2.2. Conversion of Shares....................................... 4
SECTION 2.3. Surrender and Payment...................................... 5
SECTION 2.4. Dissenting Shares.......................................... 6
SECTION 2.5. Stock Options
ARTICLE III
The Surviving Corporation
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SECTION 3.1. Certificate of Incorporation............................... 7
SECTION 3.2. Bylaws..................................................... 7
SECTION 3.3. Directors and Officers..................................... 7
ARTICLE IV
Representations and Warranties
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SECTION 4.1. Representations and Warranties of the Company.............. 7
(a) Organization, Standing and Corporate Power........................ 8
(b) Subsidiaries...................................................... 8
(c) Capital Structure................................................. 8
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(d) Authority; Noncontravention....................................... 9
(e) SEC Documents; Financial Statements; No Undisclosed Liabilities... 10
(f) Disclosure Documents.............................................. 11
(g) Absence of Certain Changes or Events.............................. 11
(h) Litigation........................................................ 12
(i) Absence of Changes in Stock and Benefit Plans; Severance Benefits. 13
(j) Participation and Coverage in Benefit Plan........................ 13
(k) ERISA Compliance.................................................. 13
(l) Taxes............................................................. 14
(m) State Takeover Statutes........................................... 15
(n) Brokers; Schedule of Fees and Expenses............................ 15
(o) Permits; Compliance with Laws; Environmental Matters.............. 16
(p) Contracts; Debt Instruments....................................... 18
(q) Opinion of Financial Advisor...................................... 16
(r) Interests of Officers and Directors............................... 18
(s) Technology........................................................ 18
(t) Change of Control................................................. 19
(u) Rights Agreement.................................................. 20
(v) 1999 Options...................................................... 20
(w) Year 2000 Compliance.............................................. 20
SECTION 4.2. Representations and Warranties of Parent and Merger
Subsidiary................................................. 20
(a) Organization, Standing and Corporate Power........................ 20
(b) Authority; Noncontravention....................................... 20
(c) Disclosure Documents.............................................. 21
(d) Financing......................................................... 21
(e) Delaware Law...................................................... 22
ARTICLE V
Covenants of the Company
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SECTION 5.1. Conduct of Business........................................ 22
SECTION 5.2. Stockholder Meeting; Proxy Material........................ 24
SECTION 5.3. Access to Information...................................... 24
SECTION 5.4. Other Offers............................................... 24
SECTION 5.5. State Takeover Statutes.................................... 25
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ARTICLE VI
Covenants of Parent and Merger Subsidiary
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SECTION 6.1. Obligations of Merger Subsidiary........................... 25
SECTION 6.2. Voting of Shares........................................... 25
SECTION 6.3. Indemnification............................................ 25
SECTION 6.4. Employees.................................................. 26
SECTION 6.5. Interim Financing.......................................... 26
ARTICLE VII
Additional Agreements
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SECTION 7.1. HSR Act Filings; Reasonable Efforts; Notification.......... 26
SECTION 7.2. Public Announcements....................................... 30
SECTION 7.3. Rights Agreement........................................... 30
ARTICLE VIII
Conditions to the Merger
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SECTION 8.1. Conditions to the Obligations of Each Party................ 30
ARTICLE IX
Termination
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SECTION 9.1. Termination................................................ 31
SECTION 9.2. Effect of Termination...................................... 31
ARTICLE X
General Provisions
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SECTION 10.1. Nonsurvival of Representations and Warranties............. 32
SECTION 10.2. Notices................................................... 32
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Page
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SECTION 10.3. Amendments; No Waivers.................................... 33
SECTION 10.4. Fees and Expenses......................................... 33
SECTION 10.5. Successors and Assigns.................................... 34
SECTION 10.6. Governing Law............................................. 34
SECTION 10.7. Counterparts; Effectiveness; Interpretation............... 34
SECTION 10.8. Enforcement............................................... 35
SECTION 10.9. Severability.............................................. 35
SECTION 10.10 Entire Agreement; No Third Party Beneficiaries............ 35
SECTION 10.11. Materiality; Knowledge................................... 35
Annexes
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I Conditions to the Offer
II Form of Amended and Restated Charter of the Surviving Corporation
III Escrow Terms
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Agreement and Plan of Merger dated as of March 29, 1999 among Computer
Associates International, Inc., a Delaware corporation ("Parent"),
HardMetal, Inc., a Delaware corporation and a wholly owned subsidiary
of Parent ("Merger Subsidiary"), and PLATINUM technology
International, inc., a Delaware corporation (the "Company").
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The parties agree as follows:
ARTICLE I
The Offer
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SECTION 1.1. The Offer. (a) Merger Subsidiary shall, as promptly as
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practicable after the date hereof, but in no event later than five business days
following the public announcement of the terms of this Agreement, commence an
offer (the "Offer") to purchase all of the outstanding shares of common stock,
par value $.001 per share (the "Shares"), including the associated Rights
(defined in Section 4.1(c)), of the Company at a price of $29.25 per Share
(including the associated Right), net to the seller in cash. The Offer shall be
subject to the condition that there shall be validly tendered in accordance with
the terms of the Offer prior to the expiration date of the Offer and not
withdrawn a number of Shares which, together with the Shares then owned by
Parent and Merger Subsidiary, represents at least a majority of the total number
of outstanding Shares, assuming the exercise of all outstanding options, rights
and convertible securities (if any) and the issuance of all Shares that the
Company is obligated to issue (such total number of outstanding Shares being
hereinafter referred to as the "Fully Diluted Shares") (the "Minimum Condition")
and to the other conditions set forth in Annex I hereto. Parent and Merger
Subsidiary expressly reserve the right to waive the conditions to the Offer and
to make any change in the terms or conditions of the Offer; provided that,
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without the written consent of the Company, no change may be made which changes
the form of consideration to be paid, decreases the price per Share or the
number of Shares sought in the Offer, imposes conditions to the Offer in
addition to those set forth in Annex I, changes or waives the Minimum Condition,
extends the Offer (except as set forth in the following sentence), or makes any
other change to any condition to the Offer set forth in Annex I which is adverse
to the holders of Shares. Subject to the terms of the Offer in this Agreement
and the satisfaction (or waiver to the extent permitted by this Agreement) of
the conditions to the Offer, Merger Subsidiary shall accept for payment all
Shares validly tendered and not withdrawn pursuant to the Offer as soon as
practicable after the applicable expiration date of the Offer and shall pay for
all such Shares promptly after acceptance; provided that Merger Subsidiary may
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(or, if the conditions set forth in clauses (a), (b), (c), (d) and (i) of Annex
I exist, shall) extend the Offer if, at the scheduled expiration date of the
Offer or any extension thereof any of the conditions to the Offer shall not have
been satisfied, until such time as such conditions are satisfied or waived, and
Merger Subsidiary may extend the Offer for a further period of time of not more
than 20 business days to meet the objective (which is not a condition to the
Offer) that there be validly tendered, in accordance with the terms of the
Offer, prior to the expiration date of the Offer (as so extended) and not
withdrawn a number of Shares, which together with Shares then owned by Parent
and Merger Subsidiary, represents at least 90% of the Fully Diluted Shares.
(b) As soon as practicable on the date of commencement of the Offer,
Parent and Merger Subsidiary shall (i) file with the SEC (defined below in
Section 4.1(a)) a Tender Offer Statement on Schedule 14D-l with respect to the
Offer which will contain the offer to purchase and form of the related letter of
transmittal (together with any supplements or amendments thereto, collectively
the "Offer Documents") and (ii) cause the Offer Documents to be disseminated to
holders of Shares. Parent, Merger Subsidiary and the Company each agree
promptly to correct any information provided by it for use in the Offer
Documents if and to the extent that it shall have become false or misleading in
any material respect. Parent and Merger Subsidiary agree to take all steps
necessary to cause the Offer Documents as so corrected to be filed with the SEC
and to be disseminated to holders of Shares, in each case as and to the extent
required by applicable federal securities laws. The Company and its counsel
shall be given a reasonable opportunity to review and comment on the Schedule
14D-l prior to its being filed with the SEC.
SECTION 1.2. Company Action. (a) The Company hereby consents to the
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Offer and represents that its Board of Directors, at a meeting duly called and
held, has unanimously (i) determined that this Agreement and the transactions
contemplated hereby, including the Offer and the Merger (defined below in
Section 2.1), and the Stockholder Option Agreement, dated as of March 29, 1999
(the "Stockholder Option Agreement"), among the stockholders of the Company that
are named therein ("Stockholders") and Merger Subsidiary and the transactions
contemplated thereby, are advisable and are fair to and in the best interest of
the Company's stockholders, (ii) approved this Agreement and the transactions
contemplated hereby, including the Offer and the Merger, and the Stockholder
Option Agreement and the transactions contemplated thereby, which approval
constitutes approval under Section 203 of the General Corporation Law of the
State of Delaware (the "Delaware Law") such that the Offer, the Merger, the
Stockholder Option Agreement and the other transactions contemplated hereby and
thereby are not and shall not be subject to any restriction of Section 203 of
Delaware Law, and (iii) resolved to recommend acceptance of the Offer and
approval and adoption of this Agreement and the Merger by its stockholders. The
Company further represents that Credit Suisse First Boston Corporation ("CSFB")
has delivered to the Company's Board of Directors its opinion that the
consideration to be paid in the Offer and the Merger is fair to the holders of
Company Shares (as defined below in Section 2.2(c)) from a financial point of
view. The Company has been advised that all of its directors and executive
officers presently intend either to tender their Shares pursuant to the Offer or
to vote in favor of the Merger. The Company will promptly furnish Parent and
Merger Subsidiary with a list of its stockholders, mailing labels and any
available listing or computer file containing the names and addresses of all
record holders of Shares and lists of securities positions of Shares held in
stock depositories, in each case as of the most recent practicable date, and
will provide to Parent and Merger Subsidiary such additional information
(including, without limitation, updated lists of stockholders, mailing labels
and lists of securities positions) and such other assistance as Parent or Merger
Subsidiary may reasonably request in connection with the Offer.
(b) As soon as practicable on the day that the Offer is commenced the
Company will file with the SEC and disseminate to holders of Shares a
Solicitation/Recommendation Statement on Schedule 14D-9 (the "Schedule 14D-9")
which shall reflect the recommendations of the Company's Board of Directors
referred to above, subject to the fiduciary duties of the Board of Directors of
the Company as advised in writing by ▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇ & ▇▇▇▇▇, counsel to the
Company. The Company, Parent and Merger Subsidiary each agree promptly to
correct any information provided by it for use in the Schedule 14D-9 if and to
the extent that it shall have become false or misleading in any
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material respect. The Company agrees to take all steps necessary to cause the
Schedule 14D-9 as so corrected to be filed with the SEC and to be disseminated
to holders of Shares, in each case as and to the extent required by applicable
federal securities laws. Parent and its counsel shall be given a reasonable
opportunity to review and comment on the Schedule 14D-9 prior to its being filed
with the SEC.
SECTION 1.3. Directors. (a) Effective upon the acceptance for
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payment by Merger Subsidiary of a majority of the Shares pursuant to the Offer,
Parent shall be entitled to designate the number of directors, rounded up to the
next whole number, on the Company's Board of Directors that equals the product
of (i) the total number of directors on the Company's Board of Directors (giving
effect to the election of any additional directors pursuant to this Section) and
(ii) the percentage that the number of Shares owned by Parent or Merger
Subsidiary (including Shares accepted for payment) bears to the total number of
Shares outstanding, and the Company shall take all action necessary to cause
Parent's designees to be elected or appointed to the Company's Board of
Directors, including, without limitation, increasing the number of directors, or
seeking and accepting resignations of incumbent directors, or both; provided
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that, prior to the Effective Time (defined below in Section 2.1), the Company's
Board of Directors shall always have two members who are neither designees nor
affiliates of Parent or Merger Subsidiary nor employees of the Company (each, an
"Independent Director"). If the number of Independent Directors is reduced
below two for any reason prior to the Effective Time, the remaining and
departing Independent Directors shall be entitled to designate a person to fill
the vacancy. No action proposed to be taken by the Company to amend or
terminate this Agreement or waive any action by Parent or Merger Subsidiary
shall be effective without the approval of both Independent Directors. At such
times, the Company will use its best efforts to cause individuals designated by
Parent to constitute the same percentage as such individuals represent on the
Company's Board of Directors of (x) each committee of the Board, (y) each board
of directors of each subsidiary (defined below in Section 4.1(a)) and (z) each
committee of each such board.
(b) The Company's obligations to appoint designees to the Board of
Directors shall be subject to Section 14(f) of the Exchange Act (defined below
in Section 4.1(d)) and Rule 14f-l promulgated thereunder. The Company shall
promptly take all actions required pursuant to Section 14(f) and Rule 14f-l in
order to fulfill its obligations under this Section 1.3 and shall include in the
Schedule 14D-9 such information with respect to the Company and its officers and
directors as is required under Section 14(f) and Rule 14f-l to fulfill its
obligations under this Section 1.3. Parent will supply to the Company in
writing and be solely responsible for any information with respect to itself and
its nominees, officers, directors and affiliates required by Section 14(f) and
Rule 14f-1.
ARTICLE II
The Merger
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SECTION 2.1. The Merger. (a) At the Effective Time, Merger
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Subsidiary shall be merged (the "Merger") with and into the Company in
accordance with Delaware Law, whereupon the separate existence of Merger
Subsidiary shall cease, and the Company shall be the surviving corporation (the
"Surviving Corporation").
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(b) As soon as practicable after satisfaction or, to the extent
permitted hereunder, waiver of all conditions to the Merger, the Company (and,
if required, Merger Subsidiary) will file a certificate of merger with the
Secretary of State of the State of Delaware and make all other filings or
recordings required by Delaware Law in connection with the Merger. The Merger
shall become effective at such time as the certificate of merger is duly filed
with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware or, with the consent of the
Independent Directors, at such later time as is specified in the certificate of
merger (the "Effective Time").
(c) From and after the Effective Time, the Surviving Corporation
shall possess all the rights, privileges, powers and franchises and be subject
to all of the restrictions, disabilities and duties of the Company and Merger
Subsidiary, all as provided under Delaware Law.
SECTION 2.2. Conversion of Shares. At the Effective Time,
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automatically and without any further action being required:
(a) each Share held by the Company as treasury stock or owned by
Parent, Merger Subsidiary or any subsidiary of either of them immediately
prior to the Effective Time (together, in each case, with the associated
Right) shall be canceled, and no payment shall be made with respect
thereto;
(b) each share of common stock of Merger Subsidiary outstanding
immediately prior to the Effective Time shall be converted into and become
one share of common stock of the Surviving Corporation with the same
rights, powers and privileges as the shares so converted and shall
constitute the only outstanding shares of capital stock of the Surviving
Corporation; and
(c) each (i) Share outstanding immediately prior to the Effective
Time together with the associated Right and (ii) each share of Series B
Preferred (as defined herein) (the shares of the Series B Preferred and the
Shares are referred to herein collectively as the "Company Shares") shall,
except as otherwise provided in Section 2.2(a) or as provided in Section
2.4 with respect to Company Shares as to which appraisal rights have been
exercised, be converted into the right to receive $29.25 in cash or any
higher price paid for each Share in the Offer, without interest (the
"Merger Consideration").
SECTION 2.3. Surrender and Payment. (a) Prior to the Effective Time,
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Parent shall appoint a bank or trust company (the "Exchange Agent") for the
purpose of exchanging certificates representing Company Shares for the Merger
Consideration. Parent will make available to the Exchange Agent, as needed, the
Merger Consideration to be paid in respect of the Company Shares (the "Exchange
Fund"). For purposes of determining the Merger Consideration to be made
available, Parent shall assume that no holder of Company Shares will perfect his
right to appraisal of his Company Shares. Promptly after the Effective Time,
Parent will send, or will cause the Exchange Agent to send, to each holder of
Company Shares at the Effective Time a letter of transmittal for use in such
exchange (which shall specify that the delivery shall be effected, and risk of
loss and title shall pass, only upon proper delivery of the certificates
representing Company Shares to the Exchange Agent). The Exchange Agent shall,
pursuant to irrevocable instructions, make the payments provided in this Section
2.3. The Exchange Fund shall not be used for any other purpose, except as
provided in this Agreement.
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(b) Each holder of Company Shares that have been converted into a
right to receive the Merger Consideration, upon surrender to the Exchange Agent
of a certificate or certificates representing such Company Shares, together with
a properly completed letter of transmittal covering such Company Shares and such
other documents as may be reasonably requested, will be entitled to receive the
Merger Consideration payable in respect of such Company Shares. Until so
surrendered, each such certificate shall, after the Effective Time, represent
for all purposes, only the right to receive such Merger Consideration.
(c) If any portion of the Merger Consideration is to be paid to a
person other than the registered holder of the Company Shares represented by the
certificate or certificates surrendered in exchange therefor, it shall be a
condition to such payment that the certificate or certificates so surrendered
shall be properly endorsed or otherwise be in proper form for transfer and that
the person requesting such payment shall pay to the Exchange Agent any transfer
or other taxes required as a result of such payment to a person other than the
registered holder of such Company Shares or establish to the satisfaction of the
Exchange Agent that such tax has been paid or is not payable. For purposes of
this Agreement, "person" means an individual, a corporation, a partnership, a
limited liability company, an association, a trust or any other entity or
organization, including a government or political subdivision or any agency or
instrumentality thereof.
(d) After the Effective Time, there shall be no further registration
of transfers of Company Shares. If, after the Effective Time, certificates
representing Company Shares are presented to the Surviving Corporation, they
shall be canceled and exchanged for the consideration provided for, and in
accordance with the procedures set forth, in this Article II.
(e) Any portion of the Exchange Fund made available to the Exchange
Agent pursuant to Section 2.3(a) that remains unclaimed by the holders of
Company Shares six months after the Effective Time shall be returned to Parent,
upon demand, and any such holder who has not exchanged his Company Shares for
the Merger Consideration in accordance with this Section 2.3 prior to that time
shall thereafter look only to Parent for payment of the Merger Consideration in
respect of his Company Shares. Notwithstanding the foregoing, Parent shall not
be liable to any holder of Company Shares for any amount paid to a public
official pursuant to applicable abandoned property laws. Any amounts remaining
unclaimed by holders of Company Shares immediately prior to such time as such
amounts would otherwise escheat to or become property of any governmental entity
shall, to the extent permitted by applicable law, become the property of Parent
free and clear of any claims or interest of any person previously entitled
hereto.
(f) Any portion of the Merger Consideration made available to the
Exchange Agent pursuant to Section 2.3(a) to pay for Company Shares for which
appraisal rights have been perfected shall be returned to Parent, upon demand.
SECTION 2.4. Dissenting Shares. Notwithstanding Section 2.2, Company
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Shares outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time and held by a holder
who has not voted in favor of the Merger or consented thereto in writing and who
has demanded appraisal for such Company Shares in accordance with Delaware Law
shall not be converted into a right to receive the Merger Consideration, unless
such holder fails to perfect or withdraws or otherwise loses his right to
appraisal. If after the Effective Time such holder fails to perfect or
withdraws or loses his right to appraisal, such Company Shares shall be treated
as if they had been converted as of the Effective
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Time into a right to receive the Merger Consideration. The Company shall give
Parent prompt notice of any demands received by the Company for appraisal of
Company Shares, and Parent shall have the right to participate in all
negotiations and proceedings with respect to such demands. The Company shall
not, except with the prior written consent of Parent, make any payment with
respect to, or settle or offer to settle, any such demands.
SECTION 2.5. Stock Options. (a) At or immediately prior to the
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Effective Time, each outstanding Company Option (defined below) which is vested
or which pursuant to the terms of the relevant Stock Plan (defined below) become
vested by virtue of the Offer or the Merger shall be canceled, and each holder
of any such option shall be paid by the Company promptly after the Effective
Time for each such option an amount determined by multiplying (i) the excess, if
any, of $29.25 per Share over the applicable exercise price of such option by
(ii) the number of Shares such holder could have purchased had such holder
exercised such option in full immediately prior to the Effective Time (as if
such Company Option was exercisable in full); subject to the limitations set
forth in an amendment to certain option agreements (true and complete copies of
which have been provided to Parent) with respect to the Company Options issued
in 1999. The Company shall take such action or, if required, shall amend each of
the Company's Stock Plans that do not provide for the vesting of unvested
Company Options by virtue of the Offer or the Merger so that, at the Effective
Time, each of the then outstanding unvested Company Options shall by virtue of
the Merger, and without any further action on the part of any holder thereof, be
assumed by Parent and converted into an option to purchase that number of shares
of common stock, par value $.10 per share ("Parent Common Stock"), of Parent
determined by multiplying the number of Shares subject to such Company Option at
the Effective Time by the quotient obtained by dividing (x) $29.25 by (y) the
average closing price of Parent Common Stock on the New York Stock Exchange
Composite Tape for the 30 consecutive trading days immediately prior to the
Effective Time (such quotient, the "Conversion Number"), at an exercise price
per share of Parent Common Stock equal to the quotient obtained by dividing (x)
the exercise price per Share of such Company Option immediately prior to the
Effective Time by (y) the Conversion Number. If the foregoing calculation
results in an assumed Company Option being exercisable for a fraction of a share
of Parent Common Stock, then the number of shares of Parent Common Stock subject
to such option shall be rounded down to the nearest whole number of shares. The
term, exercisability, vesting schedule, status as an "incentive stock option"
under Section 422 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, and the
rules and regulations thereunder (the "Code"), if applicable, and all other
terms and conditions of unvested Company Options being assumed by Parent will,
to the extent permitted by law and otherwise reasonably practicable, be
unchanged. Continuous employment with the Company or any of its subsidiaries
shall be credited to the optionee for purposes of determining the vesting of the
number of shares of Parent Common Stock subject to exercise under the optionee's
assumed Company Option after the Effective Time. "Company Option" means any
option granted, whether or not exercisable, and not exercised or expired, to a
current or former employee, director or independent contractor of the Company or
any of its subsidiaries or any predecessor thereof to purchase Shares pursuant
to any stock option, stock bonus, stock award, or stock purchase plan, program,
or arrangement of the Company or any of its subsidiaries or any predecessor
thereof (collectively, the "Stock Plans") or any other contract or agreement
entered into by the Company or any of its subsidiaries. Notwithstanding any
other provision of this Section 2.5, payment may be withheld in respect of any
Company Option until necessary consents are obtained.
(b) Prior to the Effective Time, the Company shall use its best
efforts to (i) obtain any consents from holders of Company Options and (ii) make
any amendments to the terms of such stock option or compensation plans or
arrangements that, in the case of either clauses (i) or (ii), are necessary
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to give effect to the transactions contemplated by Section 2.5(a).
(c) Prior to the Effective Time, the Company shall terminate the
Company's 1996 Stock Purchase Plan and any other of the Company's employee stock
purchase plans as soon as possible without violating the terms of the plan. The
Company shall not grant any option or right to acquire stock under the Company's
1996 Stock Purchase Plan or any other such stock purchase plan on or after the
date of this Agreement.
(d) Parent shall take all corporate action necessary to reserve for
issuance a sufficient number of shares of Parent Common Stock for delivery
pursuant to the terms set forth in this Section 2.5. Parent shall cause the
shares of Parent Common Stock issuable upon exercise of the assumed Company
Options to be registered, or to be issued pursuant to a then effective
registration statement, no later than 45 days after the Effective Time on Form
S-8 (or any successor form thereto) promulgated by the SEC and shall use its
best efforts to maintain the effectiveness of such registration statement or
registration statements for so long as such assumed Company Options remain
outstanding.
ARTICLE III
The Surviving Corporation
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SECTION 3.1. Certificate of Incorporation. The certificate of
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incorporation of the Surviving Corporation at the Effective Time shall be
amended and restated to be in the form attached hereto as Annex II (including
the certificate of designations of the Class II Series B Preferred Stock) until
amended in accordance with applicable law.
SECTION 3.2. Bylaws. The bylaws of Merger Subsidiary in effect at
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the Effective Time shall be the bylaws of the Surviving Corporation until
amended in accordance with applicable law.
SECTION 3.3. Directors and Officers. From and after the Effective
----------------------
Time, until successors are duly elected or appointed and qualified in accordance
with applicable law, (i) the directors of Merger Subsidiary at the Effective
Time shall be the directors of the Surviving Corporation, and (ii) the officers
of the Merger Subsidiary at the Effective Time shall be the officers of the
Surviving Corporation.
ARTICLE IV
Representations and Warranties
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SECTION 4.1. Representations and Warranties of the Company. The
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Company represents and warrants to Parent and Merger Subsidiary as follows. The
representations and warranties of the Company are made only on and as of the
date hereof.
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(a) Organization, Standing and Corporate Power. Each of the
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Company and each of its Significant Subsidiaries is a corporation duly
organized, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the
jurisdiction in which it is incorporated and has the requisite corporate power
and authority to carry on its business as now being conducted. Each of the
Company and each of its Significant Subsidiaries is duly qualified or licensed
to do business and is in good standing in each jurisdiction in which the nature
of its business or the ownership or leasing of its properties makes such
qualification or licensing necessary, other than in such jurisdictions where the
failure to be so qualified or licensed (individually or in the aggregate) could
not reasonably be expected to have a material adverse effect on the financial
condition, business, assets or results of operations of the Company and its
subsidiaries taken as a whole except that occurrences due solely to a disruption
of the Company's or its subsidiary's businesses solely as a result of the
announcement of the execution of this Agreement and the transactions proposed to
be consummated by this Agreement shall be excluded from consideration for
purposes of the effect of an action or inaction on the Company and its
subsidiaries taken as a whole (a "Material Adverse Effect"). The Company has
delivered to Parent complete and correct copies of its Articles of Incorporation
and By-Laws and the certificates of incorporation and by-laws of its Significant
Subsidiaries, in each case as amended to the date of this Agreement. For
purposes of this Agreement, a "subsidiary" of any person means another person,
an amount of the voting securities, other voting ownership or voting partnership
interests of which is sufficient to elect at least a majority of its Board of
Directors or other governing body (or, if there are no such voting interests,
50% or more of the equity interests of which) is owned directly or indirectly by
such first person; and a "Significant Subsidiary" means any subsidiary of a
person that constitutes a significant subsidiary of such person within the
meaning of Rule 1-02 of Regulation S-X of the Securities and Exchange Commission
(the "SEC").
(b) Subsidiaries. Section 4.1(b) of the disclosure schedule
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delivered by the Company to Parent and Merger Subsidiary prior to the execution
of this Agreement (the "Disclosure Schedule") lists each subsidiary of the
Company and its respective jurisdiction of incorporation and indicates whether
such subsidiary is a Significant Subsidiary. Except as set forth in Section
4.1(b) of the Disclosure Schedule, all the outstanding shares of capital stock
of each such domestic subsidiary have been validly issued and are fully paid and
nonassessable and are owned by the Company, by another subsidiary of the Company
or by the Company and another such subsidiary, free and clear of all pledges,
claims, liens, charges, encumbrances and security interests of any kind or
nature whatsoever (collectively, "Liens") and free of any other limitation or
restriction (including any restriction on the right to vote, sell or otherwise
dispose of such capital stock). Except for the capital stock of its
subsidiaries or as listed in Section 4.1(b) of the Disclosure Schedule, the
Company does not own, directly or indirectly, any capital stock or other
ownership interest in any person.
(c) Capital Structure. The authorized capital stock of the Company
-----------------
consists of 180,000,000 shares of Common Stock and 10,000,000 shares of Class II
Preferred Stock, par value $.01 per share (the "Preferred Stock"). At the time
of execution of this Agreement, (i) 101,282,612 shares of Common Stock were
issued and outstanding (which includes 13,750,523 shares issued in connection
with the acquisition of Memco Software Ltd. ("Memco"), (ii) no shares of Common
Stock were held by the Company in its treasury or by any of the Company's
subsidiaries, (iii) 28,442,209 shares of Common Stock were reserved for issuance
pursuant to options outstanding under the Stock Plans (which includes 3,328,113
shares reserved for issuance pursuant to Stock Plans received through the
acquisition of Memco), and (iv) 1,768,421 shares of Common Stock were reserved
for issuance upon conversion of the outstanding shares of Class II Series B
Preferred Stock (the "Series B Stock"), (v) 12,401,032 shares of Common Stock
were reserved for issuance upon conversion of the Company's 6 3/4%
-8-
Convertible Subordinated Notes due 2001 and 6.25% Convertible Subordinated Notes
due 2002 (the "Convertible Notes") and (vi) 1,800,000 shares of Class II Series
A Junior Participating Preferred Stock (the "Participating Preferred Stock")
were reserved for issuance in connection with the rights (the "Rights") to
purchase shares of Participating Preferred Stock issued pursuant to the Rights
Agreement dated as of December 21, 1995 (as amended from time to time, the
"Rights Agreement"), between the Company and ▇▇▇▇▇▇ Trust and Savings Bank, as
Rights Agent (the "Rights Agent"). Except as set forth above, at the time of
execution of this Agreement, no shares of capital stock or other voting
securities of the Company are issued, reserved for issuance or outstanding. All
outstanding shares of capital stock of the Company are, and all shares which may
be issued pursuant to the Stock Plans will be, when issued, duly authorized,
validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable and not subject to preemptive
rights. Except as set forth in Section 4.1(c) of the Disclosure Schedule, there
are not any bonds, debentures, notes or other indebtedness or securities of the
Company having the right to vote (or convertible into, or exchangeable for,
securities having the right to vote) on any matters on which shareholders of the
Company may vote. Except as set forth above and in Section 4.1(c) of the
Disclosure Schedule, there are not any securities, options, warrants, calls,
rights, commitments, agreements, arrangements or undertakings of any kind to
which the Company or any of its subsidiaries is a party or by which any of them
is bound obligating the Company or any of its subsidiaries to issue, deliver or
sell, or cause to be issued, delivered or sold, additional shares of capital
stock or other voting securities of the Company or of any of its subsidiaries or
obligating the Company or any of its subsidiaries to issue, grant, extend or
enter into any such security, option, warrant, call, right, commitment,
agreement, arrangement or undertaking. There are no outstanding rights,
commitments, agreements, arrangements or undertakings of any kind obligating the
Company or any of its subsidiaries to repurchase, redeem or otherwise acquire
any shares of capital stock or other voting securities of the Company or any of
its subsidiaries or any securities of the type described in the two immediately
preceding sentences. The Company has delivered to Parent complete and correct
copies of the Stock Plans and all forms of Company Options. Section 4.1(c) of
the Disclosure Schedule sets forth a complete and accurate list of all Company
Options outstanding as of the date of this Agreement and the exercise price of
each outstanding Company Option.
(d) Authority; Noncontravention. The Company has the requisite
---------------------------
corporate power and authority to enter into this Agreement and the Consulting
and Non-Compete Agreements (the "Consulting Agreements" and, together with this
Agreement, the "Agreements") being entered into by the Company with the chief
executive officer, chief operating officer and chief financial officer of the
Company (true and complete copies of which have been provided to Parent),
simultaneously with entering into this Agreement. Except for any required
approval by the Company's stockholders in connection with the consummation of
the Merger, the Company has the requisite corporate power and authority to
consummate the transactions contemplated by this Agreement. The execution and
delivery of the Agreements by the Company and the consummation by the Company of
the transactions contemplated by the Agreements have been duly authorized by all
necessary corporate action on the part of the Company, except for any required
approval by the Company's stockholders in connection with the consummation of
the Merger. This Agreement has been duly executed and delivered by the Company
and, assuming this Agreement constitutes a valid and binding agreement of Parent
and Merger Subsidiary, constitutes a valid and binding obligation of the
Company, enforceable against the Company in accordance with its terms. The
Consulting Agreements have been duly executed and delivered by the Company and,
assuming each Consulting Agreement constitutes a valid and binding agreement of
the executive party thereto, constitutes a valid and binding obligation of the
Company, enforceable against the Company in accordance with its terms. The
execution and delivery of the Agreements does not, and the consummation of the
transactions contemplated by the Agreements and
-9-
compliance with the provisions of the Agreements will not, conflict with, or
result in any violation of, or default (with or without notice or lapse of time,
or both) under, or give rise to a right of termination, cancellation or
acceleration of any obligation or to loss of a material benefit under, or result
in the creation of any Lien upon any of the properties or assets of the Company
or any of its subsidiaries under, (i) the Certificate of Incorporation or By-
Laws of the Company or the comparable charter or organizational documents of any
of its Significant Subsidiaries, (ii) any loan or credit agreement, note, bond,
mortgage, indenture, lease or other agreement, instrument, permit, concession,
franchise or license applicable to the Company or any of its subsidiaries or
their respective properties or assets or (iii) subject to the governmental
filings and other matters referred to in the following sentence, any judgment,
order, decree, statute, law, ordinance, rule or regulation applicable to the
Company or any of its subsidiaries or their respective properties or assets,
other than, in the case of clause (ii) above, any such conflicts, violations,
defaults, rights or Liens that individually or in the aggregate could not
reasonably be expected to (A) (1) with respect to the matters disclosed in
Section 4(p)(i) of the Disclosure Schedule, result in any required repurchase by
the Company of the Convertible Notes, result in payments in excess of
$150,000,000 in the aggregate under all "C.A. clause" contracts, result in
severance payments in excess of $100,000,000 in the aggregate or result in
payments to Folding Space L.L.C. in excess of $23,500,000 in the aggregate or
(2) in any other manner have a Material Adverse Effect, (B) impair the ability
of the Company to perform its obligations in all material respects under this
Agreement or (C) prevent or materially delay consummation of any of the
transactions contemplated by this Agreement and other than, in the case of
clause (iii) above, any such conflicts, violations, defaults, rights, or Liens
that individually or in the aggregate could not reasonably be expected to (A)
have a Material Adverse Effect, (B) impair the ability of the Company to perform
its obligations in all material respects under this Agreement or (C) prevent or
materially delay consummation of any of the transactions contemplated by this
Agreement. No consent, approval, order or authorization of, or registration,
declaration or filing with or exemption by (collectively, "Consents") any
federal, state or local government or any court, administrative or regulatory
agency or commission or other governmental authority or agency, domestic or
foreign (a "Governmental Entity"), is required by or with respect to the Company
or any of its subsidiaries in connection with the execution and delivery of the
Agreements by the Company or the consummation by the Company of the transactions
contemplated by the Agreements, except, in the case of this Agreement, for (i)
the filing of a premerger notification and report form by the Company under the
▇▇▇▇-▇▇▇▇▇-▇▇▇▇▇▇ Antitrust Improvements Act of 1976, as amended, and the rules
and regulations thereunder (the "HSR Act"), (ii) compliance with any applicable
requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and the rules
and regulations thereunder (the "Exchange Act"), (iii) the filing of a
certificate of merger in accordance with Delaware Law and appropriate documents
with the relevant authorities of other states in which the Company is qualified
to do business,(iv) European antitrust notification and (v) such other consents,
approvals, orders, authorizations, registrations, declarations and filings as to
which the failure to obtain or make could not reasonably be expected to (x) have
a Material Adverse Effect or (y) prevent or materially delay the consummation of
any of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement.
(e) SEC Documents; Financial Statements; No Undisclosed Liabilities.
---------------------------------------------------------------
The Company has filed all required reports, schedules, forms, statements and
other documents with the SEC since January 1, 1998 and has provided to Parent a
true and complete copy of the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K which will be
filed no later than March 31, 1999 (the "Company's 1999 10-K" and together with
such other filed documents referred to in this sentence, the "SEC Documents").
As of their respective filing dates (or in the case of the Company's 1999 10-K,
March 28, 1999), the SEC Documents complied in all material respects with the
then applicable requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and the
rules and regulations thereunder (the "Securities Act"), or the Exchange Act, as
the case may be, applicable to such SEC Documents, and, as of such filing dates
(or in the case of the Company's 1999 10-K, the date of this Agreement) (or if
amended or superseded by a filing prior to the date of this Agreement, as of the
date of such filing) none of the SEC Documents contained any untrue statement of
a material fact or omitted to state a material fact required to be stated
therein or necessary in order to make the statements therein, in light of the
circumstances under which they were made, not misleading. The financial
statements of the Company included in the SEC Documents (the "Financial
Statements") complied as to form in all material respects with then applicable
accounting requirements and the published rules and regulations of the SEC with
respect thereto, have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted
accounting principles (except, in the
-10-
case of unaudited statements, as permitted by Form 10-Q of the SEC) applied on a
consistent basis during the periods involved (except as may be indicated in the
notes thereto) and fairly present in all material respects the consolidated
financial position of the Company and its consolidated subsidiaries as of the
dates thereof and the consolidated results of their operations and cash flows
for the periods then ended (subject, in the case of unaudited statements, to
normal year-end audit adjustments). Except as set forth in the Company Filed SEC
Documents (defined below in Section 4.1(g)) or in Section 4.1(e) or (g) of the
Disclosure Schedule, neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries has any
liabilities or obligations of any nature (whether accrued, absolute, contingent
or otherwise) and there is no existing condition, situation or set of
circumstances, in each case which are required by generally accepted accounting
principles to be set forth on a consolidated balance sheet of the Company and
its consolidated subsidiaries or in the notes thereto, except for liabilities
incurred in connection with this Agreement or which, individually or in the
aggregate, could not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.
(f) Disclosure Documents. (i) Each document required to be filed by
--------------------
the Company with the SEC in connection with the transactions contemplated by
this Agreement (the "Company Disclosure Documents"), including, without
limitation, the Schedule 14D-9, the proxy or information statement of the
Company (the "Company Proxy Statement"), if any, to be filed with the SEC in
connection with the Merger, and any amendments or supplements thereto will, when
filed, comply as to form in all material respects with the applicable
requirements of the Exchange Act.
(ii) At the time the Company Proxy Statement or any amendment or
supplement thereto is first mailed to stockholders of the Company and at the
time such stockholders vote on adoption of this Agreement, the Company Proxy
Statement, as supplemented or amended, if applicable, will not contain any
untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact necessary
in order to make the statements made therein, in the light of the circumstances
under which they were made, not misleading. At the time of the filing of any
Company Disclosure Document other than the Company Proxy Statement and at the
time of any distribution thereof, such Company Disclosure Document will not
contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact
necessary in order to make the statements made therein, in the light of the
circumstances under which they were made, not misleading. The representations
and warranties contained in this Section 4.1(f)(ii) will not apply to statements
or omissions included in the Company Disclosure Documents based upon information
furnished to the Company in writing by Parent or Merger Subsidiary specifically
for use therein.
(iii) The information with respect to the Company or any subsidiary
that the Company furnishes to Parent or Merger Subsidiary in writing
specifically for use in the Offer Documents will not, at the time of the filing
thereof, at the time of any distribution thereof and at the time of the
consummation of the Offer, contain any untrue statement of a material fact or
omit to state any material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in
order to make the statements made therein, in the light of the circumstances
under which they were made, not misleading.
(g) Absence of Certain Changes or Events. Except as disclosed in the
------------------------------------
SEC Documents filed and publicly available prior to the date of this Agreement
and the 1999 Form 10-K (the "Company Filed SEC Documents") or in Section 4.1(g)
of the Disclosure Schedule, since December 31, 1998, the Company has conducted
its business only in the ordinary course consistent with past practice, and
there has not been (i) except for the restructuring announced by the Company in
1999 and described in Section 4.1(g) of the Disclosure Schedule, any event,
occurrence or development of a state of
-11-
circumstances which has had or could reasonably be expected to have a Material
Adverse Effect, (ii) any declaration, setting aside or payment of any dividend
or other distribution (whether in cash, stock or property) with respect to any
of the Company's capital stock or any repurchase, redemption or other
acquisition by the Company or any of its subsidiaries of any outstanding shares
of capital stock or other securities of the Company or any of its subsidiaries,
(iii) any split, combination or reclassification of any of its capital stock or
any issuance or the authorization of any issuance of any other securities in
respect of, in lieu of or in substitution for shares of its capital stock, (iv)
(A) any granting by the Company or any of its subsidiaries to any current or
former director, officer or employee of the Company or any of its subsidiaries
of any increase in compensation or benefits or severance or termination pay or
benefits, except in the ordinary course of business consistent with past
practice or as was required under employment, severance or termination
agreements or plans in effect as of December 31, 1998, or (B) any entry by the
Company or any of its subsidiaries into any employment, deferred compensation,
severance or termination agreement with any such current or former director,
officer or employee, except in the ordinary course of business consistent with
past practice, (v) any damage, destruction or loss, whether or not covered by
insurance, that has had or could reasonably be expected to have a Material
Adverse Effect, (vi) any change in accounting methods, principles or practices
by the Company or any of its subsidiaries, (vii) any amendment of any material
term of any outstanding security of the Company or any of its subsidiaries,
(viii) any incurrence, assumption or guarantee by the Company or any of its
subsidiaries of any indebtedness for borrowed money other than in the ordinary
course of business consistent with past practice, but in no event in the amount
of more than $1,000,000 in the aggregate, (ix) any creation or assumption by the
Company or any of its subsidiaries of any Lien on any asset other than in the
ordinary course of business consistent with past practice, but in no event in
the amount of more than $1,000,000 for any one transaction or $5,000,000 in the
aggregate, (x) any making of any loan, advance or capital contributions to or
investment in any person other than to a subsidiary that is wholly owned (other
than director qualifying shares) or other than in the ordinary course of
business consistent with past practice, but in no event in the amount of more
than $1,000,000 for any one transaction or $5,000,000 in the aggregate and other
than investments in cash equivalents made in the ordinary course of business
consistent with past practice, (xi) any transaction or commitment made, or any
contract or agreement entered into, by the Company or any of its subsidiaries
relating to its assets or business (including the acquisition or disposition of
any assets or the merger or consolidation with any person) or any relinquishment
by the Company or any of its subsidiaries of any contract or other right, in
either case material to the Company and its subsidiaries taken as a whole,
representing commitments on behalf of the Company or any of its subsidiaries of
more than $1,000,000 for any transaction or $5,000,000 for any series of related
transactions, or otherwise in the ordinary course of business consistent with
past practice and those contemplated by this Agreement, (xii) any material labor
dispute, other than routine individual grievances, or any activity or proceeding
by a labor union or representative thereof to organize any employees of the
Company or any of its subsidiaries, which employees were not subject to a
collective bargaining agreement at December 31, 1998, or any material lockouts,
strikes, slowdowns, work stoppages or threats thereof by or with respect to such
employees or (xiii) any agreement, commitment, arrangement or undertaking by the
Company or any of its subsidiaries to perform any action described in clauses
(i) through (xii).
(h) Litigation. Except as disclosed in the Company Filed SEC
----------
Documents or in Section 4.1(h) of the Disclosure Schedule, there is no suit,
action or proceeding pending or, to the knowledge of the Company, threatened
against or affecting the Company or any of its subsidiaries that, individually
or in the aggregate, could reasonably be expected to (i) have a Material Adverse
Effect, (ii) impair the ability of the Company to perform its obligations under
this Agreement or (iii) prevent or
-12-
materially delay the consummation of the Offer, the Merger or any of the other
transactions contemplated by this Agreement, nor is there any judgment, decree,
injunction, rule or order of any Governmental Entity or arbitrator outstanding
against the Company or any of its subsidiaries having, or which, insofar as
reasonably can be foreseen, in the future would have, any such effect. Section
4.1(h) of the Disclosure Schedule sets forth, with respect to any pending suit,
action or proceeding to which the Company or any its subsidiaries is a party and
which involves claims which if adversely determined would exceed $2,000,000, the
forum, the parties thereto, the subject matter thereof and the amount of damages
claimed.
(i) Absence of Changes in Stock and Benefit Plans; Severance
--------------------------------------------------------
Benefits. Except as disclosed in Section 4.1(i) and (g) of the Disclosure
Schedule, there has not been (i) any acceleration, amendment or change of the
period of exercisability or vesting of any Company Options or restricted stock,
stock bonus or other awards under the Stock Plans or any other options to
purchase Shares or stock of any subsidiary of the Company (including any
discretionary acceleration of the exercise periods or vesting by the Company's
Board of Directors or any committee thereof or any other persons administering a
Stock Plan) or authorization of cash payments in exchange for any Company
Options, restricted stock, stock bonus or other awards granted under any of such
Stock Plans or any other options to purchase Shares or stock of any subsidiary
of the Company; or (ii) any adoption or amendment by the Company or any of its
subsidiaries of any collective bargaining agreement or any bonus, pension,
profit sharing, deferred compensation, incentive compensation, stock ownership,
stock purchase, stock option, phantom stock, stock appreciation right,
retirement, vacation, severance, disability, death benefit, hospitalization,
medical, workers' compensation, supplementary unemployment benefits or other
plan, arrangement or understanding providing benefits to any current or former
employee, officer or director of the Company or any of its subsidiaries or any
beneficiary thereof entered into, maintained or contributed to, as the case may
be, by the Company or any of its subsidiaries (collectively, "Benefit Plans").
Section 4.1(i) of the Disclosure Schedule sets forth for each of the five most
highly compensated employees of the Company the aggregate maximum amount of all
termination, severance or other similar benefits (but the Company's best
estimate of tax gross up amounts) to which such employee is entitled in
connection with the Merger and the other transactions contemplated by this
Agreement; provided that the gross up shall be based on these numbers.
(j) Participation and Coverage in Benefit Plan. Except with respect
------------------------------------------
to (A) changes required by applicable law or (B) amendments and other actions
disclosed in the Company Filed SEC Documents or Section 4.1(i), (g) or (j) of
the Disclosure Schedule, there has been no written interpretation or
announcement (whether or not written) by the Company or any of its subsidiaries
relating to, or change in employee participation or coverage under, any Benefit
Plan which would materially increase the expense of maintaining such Benefit
Plan above the level of the expense incurred in respect thereof for the fiscal
year ended on December 31, 1997.
(k) ERISA Compliance. (i) Section 4.1(k)(i) of the Disclosure
----------------
Schedule contains a list and brief description of (A) all "employee pension
benefit plans" (defined in Section 3(2) of the Employee Retirement Income
Security Act of 1974, as amended ("ERISA")), "employee welfare benefit plans"
(defined in Section 3(l) of ERISA) and all other Benefit Plans maintained, or
contributed to, by the Company or any of its subsidiaries or ERISA affiliates
(defined below) for the benefit of any current or former employees, officers or
directors of the Company or any of its subsidiaries or ERISA affiliates or under
which the Company or any of its subsidiaries or ERISA affiliates has any
liability other than Benefit Plans exempt from Title I of ERISA pursuant to
Section 4(b)(4) of ERISA and (B) all material Benefit Plans maintained outside
of the United States primarily for the benefit of persons
-13-
substantially all of whom are non-resident aliens with respect to the United
States. For purposes of this Agreement, "ERISA affiliate" of the Company means
any person which, together with the Company or any of its subsidiaries, would be
treated as a single employer under Section 414 of the Code. The only Benefit
Plans described in clause (A) of the preceding sentence which individually or
collectively would constitute an "employee pension benefit plan" defined in
Section 3(2) of ERISA (the "Pension Plans") are identified as such in Section
4.1(k) of the Disclosure Schedule. The Company has provided to Parent a true and
complete copy of each Pension Plan.
(ii) Each Benefit Plan has been maintained and administered in
compliance in all material respects with its terms and with the requirements
prescribed by any and all applicable statutes, orders, rules and regulations,
and is, to the extent required by applicable law or contract, fully funded
without having any material deficit or material unfunded actuarial liability.
Each Benefit Plan intended to be qualified under Section 401(a) of the Code is
and has been at all times (giving effect to any applicable retroactive remedial
amendment period) so qualified.
(iii) No Benefit Plan is covered by Title IV of ERISA and no
contributions to any Benefit Plan are required under Section 412 of the Code.
Neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries has incurred or expects to incur
any liability under Title IV of ERISA or any liability or penalty under Section
4975 or 4980B of the Code or Section 502(i) of ERISA.
(iv) Except as disclosed in Section 4.1(k)(iv) of the Disclosure
Schedule, there are no pending or anticipated material claims against or
otherwise involving any of the Benefit Plans and no material suit, action or
other litigation has been brought against or with respect to any Benefit Plan
(excluding, in each case, claims for benefits incurred in the ordinary course of
Benefit Plan activities).
(v) All material contributions, reserves or premium payments required
to be made as of the date hereof to or with respect to the Benefit Plans have
been made or provided for.
(vi) Except as required by law or as disclosed in Section 4.1(k)(vi)
of the Disclosure Schedule, neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries has
any obligations for post-retirement or post-termination health and life benefits
under any Benefit Plan.
(l) Taxes. As used in this Agreement, "tax" or "taxes" shall include
-----
all Federal, state, local and foreign income, property, sales, excise
withholding and other taxes, tariffs or governmental charges or assessments of
any nature whatsoever as well as any interest, penalties and additions thereto.
Except as set forth in Schedule 4.1(l) of the Disclosure Schedule:
(i) The Company and each of its subsidiaries have timely filed all
tax returns, statements, reports and forms required to be filed with any tax
authority and in accordance with all applicable laws (other than a failure in an
immaterial manner). All such tax returns are correct and complete in all
respects. All taxes owed by the Company and any of its subsidiaries (whether or
not shown on any tax return) have been paid. There are no Liens on any of the
assets of the Company or any of its subsidiaries that arose in connection with
any failure (or alleged failure) to pay any tax.
(ii) The Company and each of its subsidiaries has withheld and timely
paid all taxes required to have been withheld and paid in connection with
amounts paid or owing to any employee, independent contractor, creditor,
stockholder, or other third party (other than a failure in an immaterial
manner).
-14-
(iii) Neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries expects any
authority to assess any additional taxes against the Company or any of its
subsidiaries for any period for which tax returns have been filed. No dispute
or claim concerning any tax liability of the Company or any of its subsidiaries
has been proposed or claimed in writing by any authority.
(iv) Neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries has waived any
statute of limitations in respect of taxes or agreed to any extension of time
with respect to a tax assessment or deficiency.
(v) Neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries has filed a
consent pursuant to Section 341(f) of the Code concerning collapsible
corporations. Neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries is a party to any
tax allocation or sharing agreement other than any such agreement with any
member of its U.S. consolidated group. Neither the Company nor any of its
subsidiaries has any liability for the taxes of any person (other than the
Company and any of its subsidiaries that is currently a member of the Company's
affiliated group filing a consolidated federal income tax return) under Treas.
Reg. (S)1.1502-6 (or any similar provision of state, local, or foreign law), as
a transferee or successor, by contract, or otherwise.
(vi) As of the date of the most recent financial statements included
in the Company Filed SEC Documents, the unpaid taxes of the Company and its
subsidiaries did not exceed the liability for taxes (rather than any reserve for
deferred taxes established to reflect timing differences between book and tax
income) set forth on the face of such financial statements.
(vii) Neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries is required to
include in income any material adjustment pursuant to Section 481(a) of the Code
(or similar provisions of other law or regulations) in its current or in any
future taxable period by reason of a change in accounting method; nor does the
Company or any of its subsidiaries have any knowledge that the Internal Revenue
Service (or other taxing authority) has proposed or is considering proposing,
any such change in accounting method.
(viii) Neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries is a party to
any agreement, contract, or arrangement that, individually or collectively,
could give rise to the payment of any amount (whether in cash or property,
including Shares) that would not be deductible pursuant to the terms of Sections
162(a)(1), 162(m), 162(n) or 280G of the Code.
(m) State Takeover Statutes. The Board of Directors of the Company
-----------------------
has approved this Agreement, the Stockholder Option Agreement and the
transactions contemplated hereby and thereby including, without limitation, the
Offer and the Merger, and such approval is sufficient to render inapplicable to
this Agreement, the Stockholder Option Agreement and the transactions
contemplated hereby and thereby including, without limitation, the Offer and the
Merger, the restrictions and limitations of Section 203 of Delaware Law. To the
best of the Company's knowledge, no other "fair price", "moratorium", "control
share acquisition", or other anti-takeover statute or similar statute or
regulation, applies or purports to apply to the Offer, the Merger, this
Agreement or any of the other transactions contemplated hereby or thereby.
(n) Brokers; Schedule of Fees and Expenses. No broker, investment
--------------------------------------
banker, financial advisor or other person, other than CSFB, the fees and
expenses of which will be paid by the Company
-15-
(and a copy of whose engagement letters and a calculation of the fees that would
be due thereunder has been provided to Parent), is entitled to any broker's,
finder's, financial advisor's or other similar fee or commission in connection
with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement based upon arrangements
made by or on behalf of the Company or any of its subsidiaries. Assuming
consummation of the Offer and the Merger, no such engagement letter obligates
the Company to continue to use their services or pay fees or expenses in
connection with any future transaction.
(o) Permits; Compliance with Laws; Environmental Matters. (i) Each
----------------------------------------------------
of the Company and its subsidiaries has in effect all federal, state, local and
foreign governmental approvals, authorizations, certificates, filings,
franchises, licenses, notices, permits and rights ("Permits") necessary for it
to own, lease or operate its properties and assets and to carry on its business
as now conducted, and there has occurred no default under any such Permit,
except for the absence of Permits and for defaults under Permits which absence
or defaults, individually or in the aggregate, could not reasonably be expected
to have a Material Adverse Effect. The Company and its subsidiaries have been,
and are, in compliance in all respects with all applicable statutes, laws or
ordinances, regulations, rules, judgments, decrees or orders of any Governmental
Entity, and neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries has received any
notice from any Governmental Entity or any other person that either the Company
or any of its subsidiaries is in violation of, or has violated, in any respect
any applicable statutes, laws or ordinances, regulations, rules, judgments,
decrees or orders, except such failures to comply or violations as would not
reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.
(ii) Neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries has (i) placed,
held, located, released, transported or disposed of any Hazardous Substance (as
defined below) on, under, from or at any of the Company's or any of its
subsidiaries' properties or any other properties, other than in a manner that
could not, in all such cases taken individually or in the aggregate, reasonably
be expected to have or result in a Material Adverse Effect, (ii) any knowledge
of the presence of any Hazardous Substances that have been released into the
environment on, under or at any of the Company's or any of its subsidiaries'
properties other than that which could not reasonably be expected to have or
result in a Material Adverse Effect, or (iii) received any written notice (A) of
any violation of any applicable statute, law, ordinance, regulation, rule,
judgment, decree or order of any Governmental Entity relating to any matter of
pollution, protection of the environment or environmental regulation or control
or regarding Hazardous Substances (collectively, "Environmental Laws") that has
not been resolved or settled with the relevant Governmental Entity, (B) of the
institution or pendency of any suit, action, claim, proceeding or investigation
by any Governmental Entity or any third party in connection with any such
violation, (C) requiring the response to or remediation of Hazardous Substances
at or arising from any of the Company's or any of its subsidiaries' properties
or any other properties, (D) alleging non-compliance by the Company or any of
its subsidiaries with the terms of any permit required under any Environmental
Law in any manner reasonably likely to require material expenditures or to
result in material liability or (E) demanding payment for response to or
remediation of Hazardous Substances at or arising from any of the Company's or
any of its subsidiaries' properties or any other properties. For purposes of
this Agreement, the term "Hazardous Substance" shall mean any material defined
as toxic or hazardous, including any petroleum and petroleum products, under any
applicable Environmental Law.
(p) Contracts; Debt Instruments. (i) Except as otherwise disclosed
---------------------------
in Section 4.1(p)(i) of the Disclosure Schedule or filed with the SEC as an
exhibit to any Filed SEC Document, neither the Company nor any of its
subsidiaries is a party to or subject to:
-16-
(A) any union contract, or any employment, consulting, severance,
termination, or indemnification agreement, contract or arrangement
providing for future payments, written or oral, with any current or former
officer, consultant, director or employee which (1) exceeds $300,000 per
annum or (2) requires aggregate annual payments or total payments over the
life of such agreement, contract or arrangement to such current or former
officer, consultant, director or employee in excess of $300,000 or
$600,000, respectively, and is not terminable by it or its subsidiary on 30
days' notice or less without penalty or obligation to make payments related
to such termination (a true and complete copy of a severance agreement
entered into by the Company has been provided to Parent and all severance
or termination agreements entered into by the Company with its or its
subsidiaries' employees are substantially identical to the severance
agreement so provided to Parent other than the date of such agreement, the
employee covered thereby and the amounts payable thereunder upon
severance);
(B) any joint venture contract or arrangement or any other
agreement which has involved or is expected to involve a sharing of
revenues of $2,000,000 per annum or more with other persons;
(C) any lease for real or personal property in which the amount of
payments which the Company is required to make on an annual basis exceeds
$2,000,000;
(D) any material agreement, contract, policy, license, Permit,
document, instrument, arrangement or commitment which has not been
terminated or performed in its entirety and not renewed which may be, by
its terms, terminated or under which the Company's rights or benefits may
be impaired or adversely affected, in either case by reason of the
execution of this Agreement, the closing of the Offer or the Merger, or the
consummation of the other transactions contemplated hereby;
(E) any agreement, contract, policy, license, Permit, document,
instrument, arrangement or commitment that limits in any material respect
the freedom of the Company or any subsidiary of the Company to compete in
any line of business or with any person or in any geographic area or which
would so limit in any material respect the freedom of the Company or any
subsidiary of the Company after the Effective Time; or
(F) any other agreement, contract, policy, license, Permit,
document, instrument, arrangement or commitment not made in the ordinary
course of business which is material to the Company and its subsidiaries
taken as a whole;
excluding in any case any agreement, arrangement or instrument under which no
party has any continuing rights or obligations.
(ii) Neither the Company nor any subsidiary of the Company is in
default in any material respect under the terms of any exclusive license or
distribution agreement or arrangement that, by its terms, provides for payments
to the Company or any of its subsidiaries of $1,000,000 or more per annum, true
and complete copies or descriptions of all of which have been delivered to
Parent or any other material license or distribution agreement or arrangement.
To the knowledge of the Company, none of the parties to any of the contracts
identified in Section 4.1(p)(i) of the Disclosure Schedule or otherwise
disclosed in the Company Filed SEC Documents has terminated, or in any way
expressed an
-17-
intent to materially reduce or terminate the amount of, its business with the
Company or any of its subsidiaries in the future.
(iii) Set forth in Section 4.1(p)(iii) of the Disclosure Schedule are
(A) a list of (I) all loan or credit agreements, notes, bonds, mortgages,
indentures and other agreements and instruments pursuant to which any
indebtedness of the Company or any of its subsidiaries in an aggregate principal
amount in excess of $2,500,000 is outstanding or may be incurred and (II) the
respective principal amounts currently outstanding thereunder and (B) a schedule
of (I) each contract, agreement or arrangements which, because of the Company's
entering into this Agreement, either require the Company or Parent to make a
payment or reduce a charge under such agreement and (II) the Company's best
estimate of the amount of such payment. For purposes of this Section
4.1(p)(iii), "indebtedness" shall mean, with respect to any person, without
duplication, (A) all obligations of such person for borrowed money, or with
respect to deposits or advances of any kind to such person, (B) all obligations
of such person evidenced by bonds, debentures, notes or similar instruments, (C)
all obligations of such person upon which interest charges are customarily paid,
(D) all obligations of such person under conditional sale or other title
retention agreements relating to property purchased by such person, (E) all
obligations of such person issued or assumed as the deferred purchase price of
property or services (excluding obligations of such person to creditors for raw
materials, inventory, services and supplies incurred in the ordinary course of
such person's business), (F) all capitalized lease obligations of such person,
(G) all obligations of others secured by any Lien on property or assets owned or
acquired by such person, whether or not the obligations secured thereby have
been assumed, (H) all obligations of such person under interest rate or currency
swap transactions (valued at the termination value thereof), (I) all letters of
credit issued for the account of such person (excluding letters of credit issued
for the benefit of suppliers to support accounts payable to suppliers incurred
in the ordinary course of business), (J) all obligations of such person to
purchase securities (or other property) which arises out of or in connection
with the sale of the same or substantially similar securities or property, and
(K) all guarantees and arrangements having the economic effect of a guarantee of
such person of any indebtedness of any other person.
(q) Opinion of Financial Advisor. The Company has received the
----------------------------
opinion of CSFB, dated the date hereof, a copy of which has been or, within two
business days of the date hereof, will be provided to Parent, to the effect
that, as of such date, the consideration to be paid in the Offer and the Merger
is fair to the Company's stockholders from a financial point of view.
(r) Interests of Officers and Directors. Except as set forth in
-----------------------------------
Section 4.1(r) of the Disclosure Schedule, to the Company's knowledge, none of
the Company's or any of its subsidiaries' officers or directors has any direct
or indirect interest in any property, real or personal, tangible or intangible,
including inventions, patents, copyrights, trademarks, trade names, trade
secrets or know-how, used in or pertaining to the business of the Company or
that of its subsidiaries, or any supplier, distributor or customer of the
Company or any of its subsidiaries, except for the normal rights of a
stockholder and rights under existing employee benefit plans and except for any
such interest which would not be required to be disclosed under the Exchange
Act.
(s) Technology. (i) The Company exclusively owns, without
----------
restrictions, or is licensed to use, the rights to all patents, trademarks,
trade names, service marks, copyrights and any applications therefor, maskworks,
net lists, schematics, inventories, technology, trade secrets, source codes,
know-how, computer software programs or applications and tangible or intangible
proprietary information or material that in any material respect are used in the
business of the Company and any of its subsidiaries
-18
as currently conducted (the"Company Intellectual Property Rights"). Section
4.1(s)(i) of the Disclosure Schedule lists: (A) all patents, trademarks, trade
names, service marks, registered and unregistered copyrights, and any
applications therefor included in the Company Intellectual Property Rights,
together with a list of all of the Company's currently marketed software
products and a list of which, if any, of such products have been registered for
copyright protection with the United States Copyright Office and any foreign
offices; and (B) all licenses and other agreements to which the Company or any
of its subsidiaries is a party and pursuant to which the Company or any of its
subsidiaries is authorized to use any Company Intellectual Property Right, that
is material to the licensing by the Company or any subsidiary of its software
products to end users and includes the identities of the parties thereto, a
description of the nature and subject matter thereof, the applicable royalty and
the term thereof. Neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries is, or as a
result of the execution, delivery or performance of the Company's obligations
hereunder will be, in violation of, or lose any rights pursuant to, any license
or agreement described in Section 4.1(s)(i) of the Disclosure Schedule.
(ii) No claims with respect to the Company Intellectual Property
Rights have been asserted or, to the knowledge of the Company, are threatened by
any person nor does the Company or any subsidiary of the Company know of any
valid grounds for any bona fide claims (A) to the effect that the manufacture,
sale or use of any product or process as now used or offered or proposed for use
or sale by the Company or any subsidiary of the Company infringes on any
copyright, trade secret, patent or other intellectual property right of any
person, (B) against the use by the Company or any subsidiary of the Company of
any Company Intellectual Property Rights, or (C) challenging the ownership,
validity or effectiveness of any of the Company Intellectual Property Rights.
All granted and issued patents and all registered trademarks and service marks
listed in Section 4.1(s)(i) of the Disclosure Schedule and all copyrights held
by the Company or any of its subsidiaries are valid, enforceable and subsisting.
To the Company's knowledge, there has not been and there is not any material
unauthorized use, infringement or misappropriation of any of the Company
Intellectual Property Rights by any third party, employee or former employee.
(iii) Except as set forth in Section 4.1(s)(i) of the Disclosure
Schedule, no owned Company Intellectual Property Right is subject to any
outstanding order, judgment, decree, stipulation or agreement restricting in any
material manner the licensing thereof by the Company or any of its subsidiaries.
Neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries has entered into any agreement
to indemnify any other person against any charge of infringement of any Company
Intellectual Property Right. Except for the Company's end-user licenses, neither
the Company nor any of its subsidiaries has entered into any agreement granting
any third party the right to bring infringement actions with respect to, or
otherwise to enforce rights with respect to, any Company Intellectual Property
Right. The Company and its subsidiaries have the exclusive right to file,
prosecute and maintain all applications and registrations with respect to the
Company Intellectual Property Rights that are owned by the Company or any of its
subsidiaries.
(t) Change of Control. Except as set forth in Section 4.1(i),
-----------------
4.1(p)(i)(A) or 4.1(t) of the Disclosure Schedule, the execution and delivery of
this Agreement and the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby will
not (i) result in or increase the amount of any payment or benefit (including a
payment or benefit contingent on the occurrence of one or more events including,
without limitation, termination of employment) becoming due to any current or
former employee, director or independent contractor of the Company or any of its
subsidiaries, from the Company or any of its
-19-
subsidiaries under the terms of any Stock Plan, Benefit Plan, agreement or
otherwise, or (ii) result in the acceleration of the time of payment, exercise
or vesting of any such payment or benefits.
(u) Rights Agreement. The Company has delivered to Parent a complete
----------------
copy of the Rights Agreement, including all amendments and exhibits thereto.
The Company has taken, and as soon as possible after the date hereof (but in no
event later than two business days after the date hereof), the Rights Agent will
take, all actions necessary or appropriate to amend the Rights Agreement to
ensure that the execution of this Agreement and the Stockholder Option
Agreement, the announcement or making of the Offer, the acquisition of Shares
pursuant to the Offer, the Merger and the Stockholder Option Agreement and the
other transactions contemplated in this Agreement and the Stockholder Option
Agreement will not cause (i) Parent or any of its affiliates to be considered an
Acquiring Person (as defined in the Rights Agreement), (ii) the occurrence of
the Distribution Date or Shares Acquisition Date (each as defined in the Rights
Agreement) or (iii) the separation of the Rights from the underlying Shares, and
will not give the holders thereof the right to acquire securities of any party
thereto.
(v) 1999 Options. The Company Options issued in 1999 pursuant to the
------------
Stock Plans have been issued to employees on a compensation basis and for the
purposes consistent with prior issuances by the Company and were not issued in
contemplation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement.
(w) Year 2000 Compliance. The Company's web site
--------------------
(▇▇▇▇://▇▇▇.▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇.▇▇▇/ year2klt.htm), accurately sets forth the Y2K
compliance status of the Company's products in all material respects. The
Company's disclosure in the Company's 1999 10-K under the caption "Year 2000
Considerations" accurately sets forth in all material respects the Company's
Year 2000 compliance status regarding its internal systems, including IT and
non-IT systems, and technical infrastructure.
SECTION 4.2. Representations and Warranties of Parent and Merger
---------------------------------------------------
Subsidiary. Parent and Merger Subsidiary represent and warrant to the Company
----------
as follows:
(a) Organization, Standing and Corporate Power. Each of Parent and
------------------------------------------
Merger Subsidiary is a corporation duly organized, validly existing and in good
standing under the laws of the jurisdiction of its incorporation and has the
requisite corporate power and authority to carry on its business as now being
conducted.
(b) Authority; Noncontravention. Parent and Merger Subsidiary have
---------------------------
all requisite corporate power and authority to enter into this Agreement and to
consummate the transactions contemplated by this Agreement. The execution and
delivery of this Agreement and the consummation of the transactions contemplated
by this Agreement have been duly authorized by all necessary corporate action on
the part of Parent and Merger Subsidiary. This Agreement has been duly executed
and delivered by Parent and Merger Subsidiary and, assuming this Agreement
constitutes a valid and binding agreement of the Company, constitutes a valid
and binding obligation of such party, enforceable against such party in
accordance with its terms. The execution and delivery of this Agreement do not,
and the consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement and
compliance with the provisions of this Agreement will not, conflict with, or
result in any violation of, or default (with or without notice or lapse of time,
or both) under, or give rise to a right of termination, cancellation or
acceleration of any obligation or to loss of a material benefit under, or result
in the
-20-
creation of any Lien upon any of the properties or assets of Parent or
any of its subsidiaries under, (i) the certificate of incorporation or by-laws
of Parent or Merger Subsidiary or the comparable charter or organizational
documents of any other subsidiary of Parent, (ii) any loan or credit agreement,
note, bond, mortgage, indenture, lease or other agreement, instrument, permit,
concession, franchise or license applicable to Parent or Merger Subsidiary or
their respective properties or assets or (iii) subject to the governmental
filings and other matters referred to in the following sentence, any judgment,
order, decree, statute, law, ordinance, rule or regulation applicable to Parent,
Merger Subsidiary or any other subsidiary of Parent or their respective
properties or assets, other than, in the case of clause (ii) or (iii), any such
conflicts, violations, defaults, rights or Liens that individually or in the
aggregate would not (A) have a material adverse effect on Parent and its
subsidiaries taken as a whole, (B) impair the ability of Parent and Merger
Subsidiary to perform their respective obligations under this Agreement or (C)
prevent the consummation of any of the transactions contemplated by this
Agreement. No Consent is required by or with respect to Parent, Merger
Subsidiary or any other subsidiary of Parent in connection with the execution
and delivery of this Agreement or the consummation by Parent or Merger
Subsidiary, as the case may be, of any of the transactions contemplated by this
Agreement, except for (i) the filing of a premerger notification and report form
under the HSR Act, (ii) compliance with any applicable requirements of the
Exchange Act, (iii) the filing of a certificate of merger in accordance with
Delaware Law and appropriate documents with the relevant authorities of other
states in which the Company is qualified to do business and (iv) such other
consents, approvals, orders, authorizations, registrations, declarations and
filings as (A) may be required under the laws of any foreign country in which
the Company or any of its subsidiaries conducts any business or owns any
property or assets or (B) as to which the failure to obtain or make could not
reasonably be expected to (x) have a material adverse effect on Parent and its
subsidiaries taken as a whole or (y) prevent or materially delay the
consummation of any of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement.
(c) Disclosure Documents. (i) The information with respect to Parent
--------------------
and its subsidiaries that Parent furnishes to the Company in writing
specifically for use in any Company Disclosure Document will not contain, any
untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact necessary
in order to make the statements made therein, in the light of the circumstances
under which they were made, not misleading (A) in the case of the Company Proxy
Statement at the time the Company Proxy Statement or any amendment or supplement
thereto is first mailed to stockholders of the Company and at the time the
stockholders vote on adoption of this Agreement, and (B) in the case of any
Company Disclosure Document other than the Company Proxy Statement, at the time
of the filing thereof and at the time of any distribution thereof.
(ii) The Offer Documents, when filed, will comply as to form in all
material respects with the applicable requirements of the Exchange Act and will
not at the time of the filing thereof, at the time of any distribution thereof
or at the time of consummation of the Offer, contain any untrue statement of a
material fact or omit to state any material fact necessary to make the
statements made therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were
made, not misleading, provided, that this representation and warranty will not
--------
apply to statements or omissions in the Offer Documents based upon information
furnished to Parent or Merger Subsidiary in writing by the Company specifically
for use therein.
(d) Financing. Parent will provide or cause to be provided to Merger
---------
Subsidiary the funds necessary to consummate the Offer and the Merger in
accordance with the terms of this Agreement.
-21-
(e) Delaware Law. As of the time immediately prior to the execution
------------
of this Agreement, neither Parent nor any of its subsidiaries was (i) an
"interested stockholder", as such term is defined in Section 203 of the Delaware
Law or (ii) an Acquiring Person under the Rights Agreement.
ARTICLE V
Covenants of the Company
------------------------
SECTION 5.1. Conduct of Business. During the period from the date of
-------------------
this Agreement to the Effective Time, the Company shall, and shall cause its
subsidiaries to, carry on their respective businesses in the ordinary course in
substantially the same manner as heretofore conducted and, to the extent
consistent therewith, use all reasonable efforts to preserve intact their
current business organizations, keep available the services of their current
officers and employees and preserve their relationships with customers,
suppliers, licensors, licensees, distributors and others having business
dealings with them. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, during
the period from the date of this Agreement to the Effective Time, the Company
shall not, and shall not permit any of its subsidiaries to, without the prior
written approval of Parent:
(a) (i) declare, set aside or pay any dividends on, or make any other
distributions in respect of, any of its capital stock, other than dividends and
distributions by any direct or indirect wholly owned subsidiary of the Company
to its parent, (ii) split, combine or reclassify any of its capital stock or
issue or authorize the issuance of any other securities in respect of, in lieu
of or in substitution for shares of its capital stock or (iii) purchase, redeem
or otherwise acquire any shares of capital stock of the Company or any of its
subsidiaries or any other securities thereof or any rights, warrants or options
to acquire any such shares or other securities (other than in connection with
the exercise of Company Options);
(b) issue, deliver, sell, pledge or otherwise encumber any shares of
its capital stock, any other voting securities or any securities convertible
into, or any rights, warrants or options to acquire, any such shares, voting
securities or convertible securities (other than (i) the issuance of Shares upon
the exercise of Company Options outstanding on the date of this Agreement in
accordance with their terms on such date (ii) conversion of Convertible
Subordinated Notes into Shares, (iii) conversion of Series B Stock, (iv)
issuances under the Stock Purchase Plan and (v) in the event that, for
ministerial reasons, the delivery of the certificates of the 13,750,523 Shares
and options for 3,328,113 Shares pursuant to the Memco acquisition (which are
included in the outstanding shares under Section 2.1(c)) has not been completed
by the time this Agreement is entered into, the completion of the issuance of
such Shares and option for such Shares in such amounts);
(c) amend its articles or certificate of incorporation, by-laws or
other comparable charter or organizational documents (other than immaterial
changes, such as mergers of subsidiaries of the Company with other subsidiaries
to implement the Company's internal restructuring);
(d) acquire or agree to acquire (including, without limitation, by
merger, consolidation or acquisition of stock or assets) any business, including
through the acquisition of any interest in any corporation, partnership, joint
venture, association or other business organization or division thereof;
-22-
(e) (i) mortgage or otherwise encumber or subject to any Lien, any of
the Company Intellectual Property Rights or any other material properties or
assets, (ii) except in the ordinary course of business consistent with past
practice and pursuant to existing contracts or commitments, sell, lease,
transfer or otherwise dispose of any of the Company Intellectual Property Rights
or any other material properties or assets, or (iii) except in the ordinary
course of business consistent with past practice or pursuant to existing
contracts or commitments, license any of the Company Intellectual Property
Rights;
(f) make or agree to make any new capital expenditures in excess of
$500,000;
(g) make any material tax election (unless required by law) or settle
or compromise any material income tax liability;
(h) pay, discharge or satisfy any claims, liabilities or obligations
(absolute, accrued, asserted or unasserted, contingent or otherwise), other than
the payment, discharge or satisfaction, in the ordinary course of business
consistent with past practice and in accordance with their terms, of (i)
liabilities reflected or reserved against in, or contemplated by, the most
recent consolidated financial statements (or the notes thereto) of the Company
included in the Company Filed SEC Documents or (ii) liabilities incurred in the
ordinary course of business consistent with past practice, or, subject to the
fiduciary duties of the Board of Directors of the Company as advised in writing
by ▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇ & ▇▇▇▇▇, counsel to the Company, waive the benefits of, or
agree to modify in any manner, any confidentiality, standstill or similar
agreement to which the Company or any of its subsidiaries is a party;
(i) commence a lawsuit other than (i) for the routine collection of
bills or (ii) to enforce this Agreement or (iii) in such cases where the Company
in good faith determines that the failure to commence suit would result in a
material impairment of a valuable aspect of the Company's business, provided
that the Company consults with Parent prior to filing such suit;
(j) (i) enter into or amend any employment or severance agreement or
similar arrangements, (ii) enter into any agreement pursuant to which the
Company or any of it subsidiaries will provide services for a term of more than
30 days at a fixed or capped price or otherwise pursuant to terms that are not
consistent with agreements entered into by the Company or any of its
subsidiaries in the ordinary course of business, (iii) enter into any customer
sale or license agreement with non-standard terms or at discounts from list
prices in excess of 20%, (iv) pay commissions to sales employees except on the
basis of executed customer contracts with respect to products actually delivered
to customers, (v) enter into any contracts or series of related contracts in
excess of $250,000, (vi) enter into or amend any agreement or arrangement that
provides customers with enhanced rights or refunds of any nature upon a change
of control of the Company or its affiliates, (vii) enter into any customer
agreements providing for product replacements, (viii) enter into or amend any
contract to provide for "year 2000" remediation services, (ix) make any
determination as to amounts payable under any plan, arrangement, or agreement,
providing for discretionary incentive compensation or bonus to any officer,
director, employee or independent contractor of the Company or any of its
subsidiaries or (x) enter into, adopt, or amend any agreement, arrangement, or
Benefit Plan so as to increase the liability (whether or not contingent) of the
Company or the Parent or any of their subsidiaries in respect of compensation or
benefits except as may be required by law; or
-23-
(k) authorize any of, or commit or agree to take any of, the
foregoing actions.
Parent acknowledges and agrees that the terms of this Section 5.1 do
not prevent (i) payment of reasonable professional fees and expenses as a result
of or in connection with the Company's negotiation or execution of this
Agreement or the performance of the Company's obligations hereunder, (ii)
the Company from implementing April 1, 1999 salary increases that have
already been announced to employees and provided they are not in excess of 6% in
the aggregate, (iii) paying employee, sales and other bonuses that accrued prior
to the date hereof and (iv) the creation of a "Rabbi" severance trust and the
funding of the severance payments for the top three executives in the amounts
described in Section 4.1(g) of the Disclosure Schedule.
SECTION 5.2. Stockholder Meeting; Proxy Material. The Company shall
-----------------------------------
cause a meeting of its stockholders (the "Company Stockholder Meeting") to be
duly called and held as soon as reasonably practicable following Merger
Subsidiary's acquisition of Shares in the Offer for the purpose of voting on the
approval and adoption of this Agreement and the Merger unless a vote of
stockholders of the Company is not required by Delaware Law. The Directors of
the Company shall, subject to their fiduciary duties as advised in writing by
▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇ & ▇▇▇▇▇, counsel to the Company, recommend approval and adoption
of this Agreement and the Merger by the Company's stockholders. In connection
with such meeting, the Company (i) will promptly prepare and file with the SEC,
will use its best efforts to have cleared by the SEC and will thereafter mail to
its stockholders as promptly as practicable the Company Proxy Statement and all
other proxy materials for such meeting, (ii) subject to the fiduciary duties of
the Board of Directors of the Company as advised in writing by ▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇ &
Zavis, counsel to the Company, will use its best efforts to obtain the necessary
approvals by its stockholders of this Agreement and the transactions
contemplated hereby and (iii) will otherwise comply with all legal requirements
applicable to such meeting.
SECTION 5.3. Access to Information. From the date hereof until the
---------------------
Effective Time and except as prohibited by any applicable statute, rule or
regulation of any Governmental Entity, the Company will give Parent, its
counsel, financial advisors, auditors and other authorized representatives
access (during normal business hours and upon reasonable notice) to the offices,
properties, books and records of the Company and the subsidiaries, will furnish
to Parent, its counsel, financial advisors, auditors and other authorized
representatives such financial and operating data and other information as such
persons may reasonably request and will instruct the Company's employees,
counsel and financial advisors to cooperate with Parent in its investigation of
the business of the Company and the subsidiaries; provided that no investigation
--------
pursuant to this Section 5.3 shall affect any representation or warranty given
by the Company to Parent hereunder.
SECTION 5.4. Other Offers. Until the termination of this Agreement,
------------
the Company and its subsidiaries will not, and will not authorize or permit the
officers, directors, employees or other agents of the Company and its
subsidiaries to, directly or indirectly, (i) take any action to solicit,
initiate or encourage any Acquisition Proposal (defined below) or (ii) subject
to the fiduciary duties of the Board of Directors of the Company under
applicable law, as advised in writing by ▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇ & ▇▇▇▇▇, counsel to the
Company, and in response to an unsolicited request therefor by a person who a
majority of the Company's Board of Directors believes intends to submit a
Superior Acquisition Proposal (defined below), engage in negotiations with, or
disclose any nonpublic information relating to the Company or any of its
subsidiaries or afford access to the properties, books or records of the Company
or any of its subsidiaries to, any person that has advised the Company or
otherwise
-24-
publicized the fact that such person may be considering making, or
that has made, an Acquisition Proposal; provided, nothing herein shall prohibit
--------
the Company's Board of Directors from taking and disclosing to the Company's
stockholders a position with respect to a tender offer pursuant to Rules 14d-9
and 14e-2 promulgated under the Exchange Act. The Company will promptly notify
Parent after receipt of any Acquisition Proposal or any notice that any person
is considering making an Acquisition Proposal or any request for nonpublic
information relating to the Company or any of its subsidiaries or for access to
the properties, books or records of the Company or any of its subsidiaries by
any person that has advised the Company or otherwise publicized the fact that
such person may be considering making, or that has made, an Acquisition Proposal
and will keep Parent fully informed of the status and details of any such
Acquisition Proposal, indication or request. For purposes of this Agreement,
"Acquisition Proposal" means any offer or proposal for, or any indication of
interest in, a merger or other business combination involving the Company or any
of its subsidiaries or the acquisition of any significant equity interest in, or
a significant portion of the assets of, the Company or any of its subsidiaries,
other than the transactions contemplated by this Agreement; and "Superior
Acquisition Proposal" means an Acquisition Proposal which a majority of the
disinterested directors determines in its good faith judgment (based on advice
of the Company's independent financial advisor) to be more favorable to the
Company's stockholders than the Offer or the Merger, and for which financing, to
the extent required, is then committed.
SECTION 5.5. State Takeover Statutes. If any "fair price", "control
------------------------
share acquisition", "moratorium" or other anti-takeover statute, or similar
statute or regulation shall become applicable to this Agreement, the Stockholder
Option Agreement or any of the transactions contemplated hereby or thereby,
including, without limitation, the Offer or the Merger, the Company and its
Board of Directors shall take all action necessary to ensure that the Offer, the
Merger and the other transactions contemplated hereby and thereby, may be
consummated as promptly as practicable on the terms contemplated hereby and
otherwise to minimize the effect of such statute or regulation on the Offer, the
Merger and the other transactions contemplated hereby or thereby.
ARTICLE VI
Covenants of Parent and Merger Subsidiary
-----------------------------------------
SECTION 6.1. Obligations of Merger Subsidiary. Parent will take all
--------------------------------
action necessary to cause Merger Subsidiary to perform its obligations under
this Agreement and to consummate the Offer and the Merger on the terms and
conditions set forth in this Agreement.
SECTION 6.2. Voting of Shares. Parent and Merger Subsidiary agrees
----------------
to make a quorum and vote all Shares acquired in the Offer or otherwise
beneficially owned by them in favor of adoption of this Agreement at the Company
Stockholder Meeting.
SECTION 6.3. Indemnification. For six years after the Effective
---------------
Time, Parent and the Surviving Corporation will indemnify and hold harmless the
present and former officers, directors, employees and agents of the Company (the
"Indemnified Parties") in respect of acts or omissions occurring on or prior to
the Effective Time to the extent provided under the Company's certificate of
incorporation and bylaws in effect on the date hereof; provided that such
indemnification shall be subject to any limitation imposed from time to time
under applicable law. Parent will cause to be
-25-
maintained for a period of not less than two years from the Effective Time the
Company's current directors' and officers' insurance and indemnification policy
to the extent that it provides coverage for events occurring prior to the
Effective Time (the "D&O Insurance") for all persons who are directors and
officers of the Company on the date of this Agreement, so long as the annual
premium therefor would not be in excess of 105% of the amount per annum the
Company paid in its last full fiscal year, which amount has been disclosed to
Parent. If the existing D&O Insurance cannot be maintained, expires or is
terminated or canceled during such two-year period, Parent will use all
reasonable efforts to cause to be obtained as much D&O Insurance as can be
obtained for the remainder of such period for an annualized premium not in
excess of 105% of the amount per annum the Company paid in its last full fiscal
year, which amount has been disclosed to Parent, on terms and conditions
substantially similar to the existing D&O Insurance. Without limitation of the
foregoing, in the event any such Indemnified Party is or becomes involved in any
capacity in any action, proceeding or investigation in connection with any
matter relating to the Merger, the Offer or this Agreement occurring on or prior
to the Effective Time, Parent shall pay as incurred such Indemnified Party's
reasonable legal and other expenses (including the cost of any investigation and
preparation) incurred in connection therewith.
SECTION 6.4. Employees. Except as otherwise provided in Section 2.5,
---------
Parent agrees to honor (or to cause the Surviving Corporation to honor) in
accordance with their terms all Benefit Plans (including employment agreements)
previously delivered to Parent and all accrued benefits vested thereunder; it
being understood and agreed that nothing in this Section 6.4(a) shall prevent
Parent or the Surviving Corporation from terminating any such Benefit Plan in
accordance with its terms. For purposes of this Section 6.4(a), any Benefit
Plan that is a Company Filed SEC Document shall be deemed to have been delivered
to Parent.
SECTION 6.5. Interim Financing. In the event that at any time the
-----------------
Company is subject to a material lack of cash liquidity and as a result the
Board of Directors of the Company declares a cash emergency, upon notice thereof
by the Company to Parent, Parent shall, if requested by the Company, work with
the Company during such time to help the Company secure necessary financing
through such efforts as Parent shall reasonably determine to be appropriate.
The foregoing shall not require any loan, guarantee or other economic support by
Parent or any payments by Parent to the Company or any other person. In the
event that such financing is not obtained by the Company and the cash emergency
is continuing notwithstanding the efforts made by Company and Parent as
described above, Parent shall, as a last resort, purchase such receivables of
the Company upon such terms as the Company and Parent shall mutually agree.
ARTICLE VII
Additional Agreements
---------------------
SECTION 7.1. HSR Act Filings; Reasonable Efforts; Notification. (a)
-------------------------------------------------
Each of Parent and the Company shall (i) promptly make or cause to be made the
filings required of such party or any of its subsidiaries under the HSR Act with
respect to the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, (ii) comply at the
earliest practicable date with any request under the HSR Act for additional
information, documents, or other material received by such party or any of its
subsidiaries from the Federal Trade Commission or the Department of Justice or
any other Governmental Entity in respect of such filings or such transactions,
and (iii) cooperate with the other party in connection with any such
-26-
filing and in connection with resolving any investigation or other inquiry of
any such agency or other Governmental Entity under any Antitrust Laws (defined
below) with respect to any such filing or any such transaction. Each party shall
promptly inform the other party of any communication with, and any proposed
understanding, undertaking, or agreement with, any Governmental Entity regarding
any such filings or any such transaction. Subject to the provisions of Section
7.1(e), neither party shall participate in any meeting with any Governmental
Entity in respect of any such filings, investigation, or other inquiry without
giving the other party notice of the meeting and, to the extent permitted by
such Governmental Entity, the opportunity to attend and participate.
(b) Each of Parent and the Company shall use all reasonable efforts
to resolve such objections, if any, as may be asserted by any Governmental
Entity with respect to the transactions contemplated by this Agreement under the
HSR Act, the ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ Act, as amended, the ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ Act, as amended, the Federal
Trade Commission Act, as amended, and any other federal, state or foreign
statutes, rules, regulations, orders or decrees that are designed to prohibit,
restrict or regulate actions having the purpose or effect of monopolization or
restraint of trade (collectively, "Antitrust Laws"). In connection therewith,
if any administrative or judicial action or proceeding is instituted (or
threatened to be instituted) challenging any transaction contemplated by this
Agreement as violative of any Antitrust Law, and, if by mutual agreement, Parent
and the Company decide that litigation is in their best interests, each of
Parent and the Company shall cooperate and use all reasonable efforts vigorously
to contest and resist any such action or proceeding and to have vacated, lifted,
reversed, or overturned any decree, judgment, injunction or other order, whether
temporary, preliminary or permanent (each an "Order"), that is in effect and
that prohibits, prevents, or restricts consummation of any such transaction.
Each of Parent and the Company shall use all reasonable efforts to take such
action as may be required to cause the expiration of the notice periods under
the HSR Act or other Antitrust Laws with respect to such transactions as
promptly as possible after the execution of this Agreement.
(c) Subject to the fiduciary duties of the Board of Directors of the
Company as advised in writing by ▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇ & Zavis, counsel to the Company,
each of the parties agrees to use all reasonable efforts to take, or cause to be
taken, all actions, and to do, or cause to be done, and to assist and cooperate
with the other parties in doing, all things necessary, proper or advisable to
consummate and make effective, in the most expeditious manner practicable, the
Offer, the Merger and the other transactions contemplated by this Agreement,
including (i) the obtaining of all other necessary actions or nonactions,
waivers, consents and approvals from Governmental Entities and the making of all
other necessary registrations and filings (including other filings with
Governmental Entities, if any), (ii) the obtaining of all necessary consents,
approvals or waivers from third parties, (iii) the preparation of the Company
Disclosure Documents and the Offer Documents, and (iv) the execution and
delivery of any additional instruments necessary to consummate the transactions
contemplated by, and to fully carry out the purposes of, this Agreement.
(d) Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in Section 7.1(a), (b)
or (c), but subject to the provisions of Section 7.1(e), (i) neither Parent nor
any of its subsidiaries shall be required to divest any of their respective
businesses, product lines or assets, (ii) neither Parent nor any of its
subsidiaries shall be required to take or agree to take any other action or
agree to any limitation that could reasonably be expected to have an adverse
effect on the business, assets, condition (financial or otherwise), results of
operations or prospects of Parent and its subsidiaries taken as a whole or of
Parent combined with the Surviving Corporation after the Effective Time, (iii)
neither the Company nor its subsidiaries shall be required to divest any of
their respective businesses, product lines or assets, or to take or agree to
take any other action or agree to any limitation that could reasonably be
expected to
-27-
have a Material Adverse Effect, and (iv) no party shall be required
to agree to the imposition of or to comply with, any condition, obligation or
restriction on Parent or any of its subsidiaries or on the Surviving Corporation
or any of its subsidiaries of the type referred to in clause (a) or (b) of Annex
I and (v) neither Parent nor Merger Subsidiary shall be required to waive any of
the conditions to the Offer set forth in Annex I or any of the conditions to the
Merger set forth in Section VIII.
(e) Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in Section 7.1(a), (b),
(c) or (d), the parties agree as follows:
(i) For a period of 90 days following the last to occur of (A)
substantial compliance by Parent and Merger Subsidiary with any request under
the HSR Act for additional information, documents, or other material received by
such party or any of its subsidiaries from the Federal Trade Commission or the
Department of Justice ("FTC/DOJ") and (B) substantial compliance by the Company
with any request under the HSR Act for additional information, documents, or
other material received by such party or any of its subsidiaries from FTC/DOJ,
Parent and Merger Subsidiary shall attempt to resolve any objections asserted by
FTC/DOJ generally as described in Section 7.1(b), (c) and (d).
(ii) If after the 90 day period set forth in Section 7.1(e)(i),
objections continue to be asserted by FTC/DOJ which would threaten to prevent
completion of the Merger, (A) first, Parent and the Company shall consult and
mutually determine whether to litigate over the continuing objections, or (B) if
within five days Parent and the Company do not mutually agree to litigate, the
Company shall have the right for a period of 30 days to meet separately with
FTC/DOJ to develop a plan to resolve the continuing objections, such resolution
to be on a basis reasonably calculated to meet the objections of the FTC/DOJ.
During this period, the Company will continue to keep Parent and Merger
Subsidiary informed of its discussions and consult with Parent and Merger
Subsidiary on possible resolutions of the continuing objections.
(iii) After the Company and FTC/DOJ have agreed upon a plan, Parent
shall have a period of 90 days after such plan has been provided to Parent in
which to effect the plan, or a similar plan to which FTC/DOJ consents or
otherwise indicates its willingness for Parent to proceed so as to permit the
consummation of the Merger. Parent shall not be obligated to effect on the plan
in any specific manner and shall not be required to refrain from discussing
changes to the plan with either the Company or FTC/DOJ.
(iv) If Parent has not within the 90 day period completed effecting
the plan as contemplated by Section 7.1(e)(iii), then, Parent shall choose one
of the following:
(A) within 15 days, fully resolve any continuing objection or enter
into a consent decree on reasonable terms setting forth the terms of the
plan developed by the Company and FTC/DOJ under Section 7.1(e)(ii), or
(B) (1) escrow an amount equal to the aggregate purchase price for the
number of Shares representing the Minimum Condition, on terms outlined in
Annex III to this Agreement, and (2) use all reasonable efforts vigorously
to contest and resist any action or proceeding instituted by FTC/DOJ.
-28-
In the event that Parent chooses to contest or resist any action or proceeding
instituted by FTC/DOJ under Section 7.1(e)(iv), the Company shall fully
cooperate with and support Parent in such efforts.
(v) Parent may at any time, in lieu of continuing with the provisions
of Section 7.1(e)(i) through (iii), elect to immediately follow the provisions
of Section 7(e)(iv)(B).
(vi) In the event Parent has elected, pursuant to Section
7.1(e)(iv)(B), to contest or resist any action or proceeding instituted by
FTC/DOJ and a final, nonappealable order by a court of competent jurisdiction
has been issued which prevents the completion of the Merger, then Parent and the
Company will take the following steps:
(A) The Company will increase its Board of Directors from seven to 14
and elect seven members nominated by Parent. The new Board of Directors
will work together to take all steps, including disposition of assets, to
remove any FTC/DOJ objections to completing the Merger.
(B) In the event that, after 90 days, the new Board of Directors is
unable to agree to a plan to resolve the FTC/DOJ objections, then the Board
will delegate the responsibility to (1) develop a plan to resolve the
FTC/DOJ objections to a three person committee of ▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇ (or in his
absence, a designee of Parent's Board), ▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇. ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ (or in his
absence, a designee of the Company's Board) and a senior member of Credit
Suisse First Boston and (2) execute such plan.
(f) Each party shall give prompt notice to the other parties upon
learning of (i) any representation or warranty made by it contained in this
Agreement was untrue or inaccurate in any respect as of the date hereof or (ii)
the failure by it to comply with or satisfy in any respect any covenant,
condition or agreement to be complied with or satisfied by it under this
Agreement; provided, that no such notification shall affect the representations,
--------
warranties, covenants or agreements of the parties or the conditions to the
obligations of the parties under this Agreement.
(g) The Company shall give prompt notice to Parent, and Parent or
Merger Subsidiary shall give prompt notice to the Company, of:
(i) any notice or other communication from any person alleging
that the consent of such person is or may be required in connection with
the transactions contemplated by this Agreement;
(ii) any notice or other communication from any Governmental
Entity in connection with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement;
and
(iii) any actions, suits, claims, investigations or proceedings
commenced or, to the best of its knowledge threatened against, relating to
or involving or otherwise affecting it or any of its subsidiaries (x)
which, in the case of the Company, if pending on the date of this Agreement
would have been required to have been disclosed pursuant to Section 4.1(g),
4.1(h), 4.1(i), 4.1(k), 4.1(l), 4.1(o) or (y) in the case of any party,
which relate to the consummation of the transactions contemplated by this
Agreement.
-29-
SECTION 7.2. Public Announcements. Parent and Merger Subsidiary, on
--------------------
the one hand, and the Company, on the other hand, will consult with each other
before issuing, and provide each other the opportunity to review and comment
upon, any press release or other public statements with respect to the
transactions contemplated by this Agreement, including the Offer and the Merger,
and shall not issue any such press release or make any such public statement
prior to such consultation, except as may be required by applicable law, court
process or by obligations pursuant to any listing agreement with any national
securities exchange. The parties agree that the initial press release to be
issued with respect to the transactions contemplated by this Agreement will be
in a form agreed to by the parties. Parent acknowledges that the Company will
file (i) a Form 8-K disclosing this Agreement and attaching this Agreement as an
exhibit, and (ii) a Form 8-A/A relating to the Amendment to the Rights
Agreement.
SECTION 7.3. Rights Agreement. The Board of Directors of the Company
----------------
shall take all further action (in addition to that referred to in Section
4.1(u)) requested in writing by Parent (including redeeming the Rights
immediately prior to the Effective Time of the Merger or amending the Rights
Agreement) in order to render the Rights inapplicable to the Offer, the Merger
and the other transactions contemplated by this Agreement and the Stockholder
Option Agreement. Except as expressly provided in this Agreement or as
requested in writing by Parent, the Board of Directors of the Company shall not
(i) amend the Rights Agreement or (ii) take any action with respect to, or make
any determination under, the Rights Agreement (including a redemption of the
Rights).
ARTICLE VIII
Conditions to the Merger
------------------------
SECTION 8.1. Conditions to the Obligations of Each Party. The
-------------------------------------------
obligations of the Company, Parent and Merger Subsidiary to consummate the
Merger are subject to the satisfaction of the following conditions:
(i) if required by Delaware Law, this Agreement shall have been
adopted by the stockholders of the Company in accordance with such Law;
(ii) any applicable waiting period under the HSR Act relating to the
Merger shall have expired;
(iii) no provision of any applicable law or regulation and no
judgment, injunction, order or decree shall prohibit the consummation of
the Merger;
(iv) Parent or Merger Subsidiary shall have purchased Shares in an
amount equal to at least the Minimum Condition pursuant to the Offer; and
(v) other than the filing of articles of merger in accordance with
Delaware Law, all Consents required to permit the consummation of the
Merger including those set forth in Sections 4.1(d) and 4.2(b) shall have
been filed, occurred or been obtained, other than those the absence of
which would not have a Material Adverse Effect.
-30-
ARTICLE IX
Termination
-----------
SECTION 9.1. Termination. This Agreement may be terminated and the
-----------
Merger may be abandoned at any time prior to the Effective Time (notwithstanding
any approval of this Agreement by the stockholders of the Company):
(a) by mutual written consent of the Company and Parent;
(b) subject to Section 7.1(e), by either the Company or Parent,
if there shall be any law or regulation that makes consummation of the
Merger illegal or otherwise prohibited;
(c) by the Company (y) if Parent shall have failed to commence
the Offer within five business days following the date of this Agreement or
(z) if the Offer shall have been terminated without Parent or Merger
Subsidiary having purchased any Shares pursuant to the Offer;
(d) by Parent, (y) upon the occurrence of any Trigger Event
described in clauses (i) through (iv) of Section 10.4(b) or (z) if the
Offer shall have expired or been terminated, in accordance with the terms
of this Agreement without Parent or Merger Subsidiary having purchased any
Shares pursuant to the Offer; or
(e) by the Company, at any time after the 60th day following the
later of (i) the date the HSR Act waiting period expires and (ii) the first
date the conditions set forth in clause (a) and (b) of Annex I cease to
exist.
(f) by the Company, upon the occurrence of any Trigger Event
described in clause (iv) of Section 10.4(b).
SECTION 9.2. Effect of Termination. If this Agreement is terminated
---------------------
pursuant to Section 9.1, this Agreement shall become void and of no effect with
no liability on the part of any party hereto or their respective officers and
directors, except that the agreements contained in Sections 10.4, 10.6 and 10.8
shall survive the termination hereof and except to the extent that such
termination results from the material breach by a party of any representations,
warranties, covenants or agreements set forth in this Agreement.
-31-
ARTICLE X
General Provisions
------------------
SECTION 10.1. Nonsurvival of Representations and Warranties. None of
---------------------------------------------
the representations and warranties in this Agreement or in any instrument
delivered pursuant to this Agreement shall survive the Effective Time. This
Section 10.1 shall not limit any covenant or agreement of the parties which by
its terms contemplates performance after the Effective Time.
SECTION 10.2. Notices. All notices, requests and other
-------
communications under this Agreement shall be in writing and shall be deemed
given if delivered personally or sent by overnight courier (providing proof of
delivery) or by telecopy (with copies by overnight courier) to the parties at
the following addresses (or at such other address for a party as shall be
specified by like notice):
(a) if to Parent or Merger Subsidiary, to
Computer Associates International, Inc.
▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇
▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇, ▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇-▇▇▇▇
Attention: ▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇
President and Chief Operating Officer
Fax: ▇▇▇-▇▇▇-▇▇▇▇
with a copy to:
▇▇▇▇▇▇, ▇▇▇▇▇ & ▇▇▇▇▇ LLP
▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇ ▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇
▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇, ▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇
Attention: ▇▇▇▇▇ ▇. ▇▇▇▇▇
Fax: ▇▇▇-▇▇▇-▇▇▇▇
(b) if to the Company, to
PLATINUM technology International, inc.
▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇
▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇, ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇
Attention: ▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇. ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇
Fax: ▇▇▇-▇▇▇-▇▇▇▇
-32-
with a copy to:
▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇ & ▇▇▇▇▇
▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇
▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇
▇▇▇▇▇▇▇, ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇-▇▇▇▇
Attention: ▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇
Fax: ▇▇▇-▇▇▇-▇▇▇▇
SECTION 10.3. Amendments; No Waivers. (a) Any provision of this Agreement
----------------------
may be amended or waived prior to the Effective Time if, and only if, such
amendment or waiver is in writing and signed, in the case of an amendment, by
the Company, Parent and Merger Subsidiary or in the case of a waiver, by the
party against whom the waiver is to be effective; provided that after the
--------
adoption of this Agreement by the stockholders of the Company, no such amendment
or waiver shall, without the further approval of such stockholders, alter or
change (i) the amount or kind of consideration to be received in exchange for
any shares of capital stock of the Company, (ii) any term of the certificate of
incorporation of the Surviving Corporation or (iii) any of the terms or
conditions of this Agreement if such alteration or change would adversely affect
the holders of any shares of capital stock of the Company.
(b) No failure or delay by any party in exercising any right, power or
privilege hereunder shall operate as a waiver thereof nor shall any single or
partial exercise thereof preclude any other or further exercise thereof or the
exercise of any other right, power or privilege. The rights and remedies herein
provided shall be cumulative and not exclusive of any rights or remedies
provided by law.
SECTION 10.4. Fees and Expenses.
-----------------
(a) Except as otherwise provided in this Section, all costs and
expenses incurred in connection with this Agreement shall be paid by the party
incurring such cost or expense.
(b) The Company agrees to pay Parent a fee in immediately available
funds equal to $180,000,000 promptly, but in no event later than one business
day, after the termination of this Agreement as a result of the occurrence of
any of the events set forth below (a "Trigger Event"):
(i) the Company shall have entered into, or shall have publicly
announced its intention to enter into, an agreement or an agreement in
principle with respect to any Acquisition Proposal;
(ii) any representation or warranty made by the Company in, or
pursuant to, this Agreement that is qualified as to materiality shall not
have been true and correct when made, or any representation or warranty
made by the Company in, or pursuant to, this Agreement that is not so
qualified shall not have been true and correct in all material respects
when made, or the Company shall have failed to observe or perform in any
material respect any of its obligations under this Agreement; provided that
it shall not be a Trigger Event unless either (A) the breaches of the
representations and warranties without regard to any materiality qualifier
or threshold, and failure to perform or breach of any obligation,
individually or in the aggregate,
-33-
could reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect or (B) the
breaches of the representations and warranties in Section 4.1(c), (l), (n),
(p)(i)(A) and (D) and (u) without regard to any materiality qualifier or
threshold, and failure to perform or breach of any obligation, individually
or in the aggregate, could reasonably be expected to result in a loss or
damage of $22,500,000 or more;
(iii) the Board of Directors of the Company (or any special
committee thereof) shall have withdrawn or materially modified in a manner
adverse to Parent or Merger Subsidiary its approval or recommendation of
the Offer, the Merger or this Agreement or its approval of the entry by
Parent and Merger Subsidiary into the Stockholder Option Agreement, in any
such case whether or not such withdrawal or modification is required by the
fiduciary duties of the Board of Directors (or any special committee
thereof); or
(iv) prior to the purchase of any Shares under the Offer, the
Company shall have received any Acquisition Proposal which the Board or
Directors has determined is more favorable to the Company's shareholders
than the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, whether or not such
determination is required by the fiduciary duties of the Board of
Directors.
(c) If this Agreement is terminated as a result of the
occurrence of a Trigger Event, in addition to any amounts paid or payable by the
Company to Parent pursuant to Section 10.4(b), the Company shall promptly assume
and pay, or reimburse Parent for, all fees payable and expenses incurred by
Parent (including the fees and expenses of its counsel) in connection with this
Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby to a maximum of $10,000,000.
(d) In consideration of Parent entering into this Agreement,
substantially contemporaneously with entering into this Agreement, the Company
has paid to Parent a nonrefundable fee (or provided a direct draw Letter of
Credit in the amount) of $20,000,000.
10.5. Successors and Assigns. The provisions of this Agreement
----------------------
shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the parties hereto and their
respective successors and assigns, provided that no party may assign, delegate
or otherwise transfer any of its rights or obligations under this Agreement
without the consent of the other parties hereto except that Merger Subsidiary
may transfer or assign, in whole or from time to time in part, to one or more of
Parent or any of its wholly-owned subsidiaries, the right to purchase Shares
pursuant to the Offer, but any such transfer or assignment will not relieve
Parent of its obligations to cause Merger Subsidiary or another subsidiary to
consummate the Offer or prejudice the rights of tendering stockholders to
receive payment for Shares validly tendered and accepted for payment pursuant to
the Offer.
SECTION 10.6. Governing Law. This Agreement shall be construed
-------------
in accordance with and governed by the law of the State of New York, except that
the consummation and effectiveness of the Merger shall be governed by, and
construed in accordance with, Delaware Law and the exercise by the Board of
Directors of the Company of its fiduciary duties as referenced herein shall be
governed by, and construed in accordance with, the law of the State of Delaware.
SECTION 10.7. Counterparts; Effectiveness; Interpretation. This
-------------------------------------------
Agreement may be signed in any number of counterparts, each of which shall be an
original, with the same effect as if the signatures thereto and hereto were upon
the same instrument. This Agreement shall become
-34-
effective when each party hereto shall have received counterparts hereof signed
by all of the other parties hereto. When a reference is made in this Agreement
to a Section, such reference shall be to a Section of this Agreement unless
otherwise indicated. The table of contents and headings contained in this
Agreement are for reference purposes only and shall not affect in any way the
meaning or interpretation of this Agreement. Whenever the words "include",
"includes" or "including" are used in this Agreement, they shall be deemed to be
followed by the words "without limitation".
SECTION 10.8. Enforcement. The parties agree that irreparable
-----------
damage would occur in the event that any of the provisions of this Agreement
were not performed in accordance with their specific terms or were otherwise
breached. It is accordingly agreed that the parties shall be entitled to an
injunction or injunctions to prevent breaches of this Agreement and to enforce
specifically the terms and provisions of this Agreement in any court of the
United States or any state having jurisdiction, this being in addition to any
other remedy to which they are entitled at law or in equity.
SECTION 10.9. Severability. If any term or other provision of
------------
this Agreement is invalid, illegal or incapable of being enforced by any rule of
law or public policy, all other conditions and provisions of this Agreement
shall nevertheless remain in full force and effect. Upon such determination that
any term other provision is invalid, illegal or incapable of being enforced, the
parties hereto shall negotiate in good faith to modify this Agreement so as to
effect the original intent of the parties as closely as possible to the fullest
extent permitted by applicable law in an acceptable manner to the end that the
transactions contemplated hereby are fulfilled to the extent possible.
SECTION 10.10. Entire Agreement; No Third Party Beneficiaries.
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This Agreement and the Confidentiality Agreement dated as of March 24, 1999,
between the Company and the Parent (a) constitute the entire agreement and
supersede all prior agreements and understandings, both written and oral, among
the parties hereto with respect to the subject matter hereof, and (b) are not
intended to confer upon any person other than the parties hereto any rights or
remedies hereunder, other than rights to indemnity under Section 6.3.
SECTION 10.11. Materiality; Knowledge. When used with respect to
----------------------
the Company in this Agreement, the term "material" means material to the Company
and its subsidiaries taken as a whole. Any representation in this Agreement
which is expressed as made to the Company's knowledge means the knowledge, after
reasonable investigation, of the following individuals: ▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇. ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇,
▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇, ▇▇▇▇▇ ▇. ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇, ▇▇▇▇ ▇. ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ and ▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇.
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The parties hereto have caused this Agreement to be signed by their
respective authorized officers as of the date first written above.
Computer Associates International, Inc.
By: /s/ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇. ▇▇▇▇▇▇
-------------------------------
Name: ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇. ▇▇▇▇▇▇
Title: Senior Vice President
HardMetal, Inc.
By: /s/ ▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇. ▇▇▇▇▇▇
-------------------------------
Name: ▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇. ▇▇▇▇▇▇
Title: Vice President and Secretary
PLATINUM technology International, inc.
By: /s/ ▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇. ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇
-------------------------------
Name: ▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇. ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇
Title: President, Chief Executive Officer and
Chairman of the Board
-36-
ANNEX I
Notwithstanding any other provision of the Offer, Parent and Merger Subsidiary
shall not be required to accept for payment or (subject to any applicable rules
and regulations of the SEC, including Rule 14e-1(c) under the Exchange Act
(relating to Merger Subsidiary's obligation to pay for or return tendered Shares
after the termination or withdrawal of the Offer)) to pay for any Shares, if by
the expiration of the Offer (as it may be extended in accordance with the
requirements of Section 1.1), the Minimum Condition shall not have been
satisfied or at any time on or after March 29, 1999 and prior to the acceptance
for payment of Shares pursuant to the Offer, any of the following conditions
exist:
(a) there shall be instituted or pending any action or proceeding by
any Governmental Entity, (i) challenging or seeking to make illegal, to
delay materially or otherwise directly or indirectly to restrain or
prohibit the acquisition by Merger Subsidiary or any of its affiliates of
Shares pursuant to the Stockholder Option Agreement, the making of the
Offer, the acceptance for payment of or payment for some of or all the
Shares by Parent or Merger Subsidiary or the consummation by Parent or
Merger Subsidiary of the Merger, seeking to obtain material damages or
otherwise directly or indirectly relating to the transactions contemplated
by the Stockholder Option Agreement, this Agreement, the Offer or the
Merger, (ii) seeking to restrain or prohibit Parent's or Merger
Subsidiary's ownership or operation (or that of their respective
subsidiaries or affiliates) of all or any material portion of the business
or assets of the Company and its subsidiaries, taken as a whole, or of
Parent and its subsidiaries, taken as a whole, or to compel Parent or any
of its subsidiaries or affiliates to dispose of or hold separate all or any
material portion of the business or assets of the Company and its
subsidiaries, taken as a whole, or of Parent and its subsidiaries, taken as
a whole, (iii) seeking to impose material limitations on the ability of
Parent or any of its subsidiaries or affiliates effectively to exercise
full rights of ownership of the Shares, including, without limitation, the
right to vote any Shares acquired or owned by Parent or any of its
subsidiaries or affiliates on all matters properly presented to the
Company's stockholders or (iv) seeking to require divestiture by Parent or
any of its subsidiaries or affiliates of any Shares; or
(b) there shall be any action taken, or any statute, rule, regulation,
injunction, order or decree proposed, enacted, enforced, promulgated,
issued or deemed applicable to the Stockholder Option Agreement, this
Agreement, the Offer or the Merger, by any Governmental Entity or
arbitrator (other than (1) any such matters actually required pursuant to
Section 7.1(e)(iv) or (vi) or (2) the application of the waiting period
provisions of the HSR Act to the Stockholder Option Agreement, this
Agreement, the Offer or the Merger) that, in the judgment of Parent, is
substantially likely, directly or indirectly, to result in any of the
consequences referred to in clauses (i) through (iv) of paragraph (a)
above, subject as aforesaid; or
(c) there shall have occurred (i) any general suspension of trading in,
or limitation on prices for, securities on any national securities exchange
or in the over-
the-counter market in the United States, (ii) a declaration of a banking
moratorium or any suspension of payments in respect of banks in the United
States, (iii) any material limitation (whether or not mandatory) by any
Governmental Entity on the extension of credit by banks or other lending
institutions, (iv) a commencement of a war or armed hostilities or other
national or international calamity directly or indirectly involving the
United States which would reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse
Effect or prevent (or materially delay) the consummation of the Offer or
(v) in the case of any of the foregoing existing at the time of
commencement of the Offer, a material acceleration or worsening thereof; or
(d) any Consent (other than the filing of a certificate of merger or
approval by the stockholders of the Company of the Merger (if required by
Delaware Law)) required to be filed, occurred or been obtained by the
Company or any of its subsidiaries in connection with the execution and
delivery of this Agreement, the Offer and the consummation of the
transactions contemplated by this Agreement shall not have been filed,
occurred or been obtained (other than any such Consents the failure to
file, occur or obtain in the aggregate, could not reasonably be expected to
(i) have a Material Adverse Effect or (ii) prevent or materially delay the
consummation of the Offer or the Merger); or
(e) the Company shall have breached or failed to perform in any
material respect any of its covenants, obligations or agreements under this
Agreement, or any of the representations and warranties of the Company set
forth in this Agreement that is qualified as to materiality shall not be
true when made, or any of the representations and warranties set forth in
this Agreement that is not so qualified shall not be true in any material
respect when made; provided that this condition shall not be deemed to
exist unless either (i) such breaches or failures to perform any covenant,
obligation or agreements, and any breach of representation or warranty
without regard to any materiality qualifier or threshold, individually or
in the aggregate, could reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse
Effect or (ii) the breaches of the representations and warranties in
Section 4.1(c), (l), (n), (p)(i)(A) and (D) and (u) without regard to any
materiality qualifier or threshold, and failure to perform or breach of any
obligation, individually or in the aggregate, could reasonably be expected
to result in a loss or damage of $22,500,000 or more; or
(f) this Agreement shall have been terminated in accordance with its
terms; or
(g) the Board of Directors of the Company (or any special committee
thereof) shall have withdrawn or materially modified in a manner adverse to
Parent or Merger Subsidiary its approval or recommendation of the Offer,
the Merger or this Agreement or its approval of the entry by Parent and
Merger Subsidiary into the Stockholder Option Agreement; or
(h) the Company shall have entered into, or shall have publicly
announced its intention to enter into, an agreement or agreement in
principle with respect to any Acquisition Proposal; or
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(i) the applicable waiting period under the HSR Act shall not have
expired or been terminated;
which, in the judgment of Parent in any such case, and regardless of the
circumstances (including any action or omission by Parent or Merger Subsidiary)
giving rise to any such condition, makes it inadvisable to proceed with such
acceptance for payment or payment.
The foregoing conditions are for the sole benefit of Parent and Merger
Subsidiary and may be asserted by Parent in its discretion regardless of the
circumstances (including any action or omission by Parent or Merger Subsidiary)
giving rise to any such condition or (other than the Minimum Condition) may,
subject to the terms of this Agreement, be waived by Parent and Merger
Subsidiary in their reasonable discretion in whole at any time or in part from
time to time. The failure by Parent or Merger Subsidiary at any time to
exercise its rights under any of the foregoing conditions shall not be deemed a
waiver of any such right; the waiver of any such right with respect to
particular facts and circumstances shall not be deemed a waiver with respect to
any other facts and circumstances, and each such right shall be deemed an
ongoing right which may be asserted at any time or from time to time.
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