BY-LAWS
OF
FRIENDS IVORY & SIME FUNDS
ARTICLE I
Agreement and Declaration of Trust
SECTION 1. AGREEMENT AND DECLARATION OF TRUST. These By-Laws shall be
subject to the Agreement and Declaration of Trust, as from time to time amended,
supplemented or restated (the "Declaration of Trust") of Friends Ivory & Sime
Funds (the "Trust").
SECTION 2. DEFINITIONS. Unless otherwise defined herein, the terms used
herein have the respective meanings given them in the Declaration of Trust.
ARTICLE II
Offices
SECTION 1. PRINCIPAL OFFICE. The principal office of the Trust shall be
located in the City of New York, State of New York or such other location as the
Trustees may from time to time determine.
SECTION 2. REGISTERED OFFICE AND OTHER OFFICES. The registered office of
the Trust shall be located in the City of Wilmington, State of Delaware or such
other location within the State of Delaware as the Trustees may from time to
time determine. The Trust may establish and maintain such other offices and
places of business as the Trustees may from time to time determine.
ARTICLE III
Shareholders
SECTION 1. MEETINGS. Meetings of the Shareholders shall be held at the
principal executive offices of the Trust or at such other place within the
United States of America as the Trustees shall designate. Meetings of the
Shareholders shall be called by the Secretary whenever
(i) ordered by the Trustees or (ii) for the purpose of voting on the removal of
any Trustee, requested in writing by Shareholders holding at least ten percent
(10%) of the outstanding Shares entitled to vote. If the Secretary, when so
ordered or requested, refuses or neglects for more than 10 days to call such
meetings, the Trustees or the Shareholders so requesting, may, in the name of
the Secretary, call the meeting by giving notice thereof in the manner required
when notice is given by the Secretary.
SECTION 2. NOTICE OF MEETINGS. Notice of all meetings of the Shareholders,
stating the time, place and purposes of the meeting, shall be given by the
Secretary by delivering or mailing, postage prepaid, to each Shareholder at his
or her address as recorded on the register of the Trust at least (10) days and
not more than ninety (90) days before the meeting. Any adjourned meeting may be
held as adjourned without further notice. No notice need be given to any
Shareholder who shall have failed to inform the Trust of his or her current
address or if a written waiver of notice, executed before or after the meeting
by the Shareholder or his or her authorized attorney is filed with the records
of the meeting.
SECTION 3. RECORD DATE FOR MEETINGS. For the purpose of determining the
Shareholders who are entitled to notice of and to vote at any meeting, the
Trustees may from time to time close the transfer books for such period, not
exceeding thirty (30) days, as the Trustees may determine; or without closing
the transfer books the Trustees may fix a date not more than ninety (90) days
prior to the date of any meeting of Shareholders as a record date for the
determination of the persons to be treated as Shareholders of record for such
purpose.
SECTION 4. PROXIES. At any meeting of Shareholders, any holder of Shares
entitled to vote thereat may vote by proxy, provided that no proxy shall be
voted at any meeting unless it shall have been placed on file with the
Secretary, or with such other officer or agent of the Trust as the Secretary may
direct, for verification prior to the time at which such vote shall be taken;
provided, however, that notwithstanding any other provision of this Section 4 to
the contrary, the Trustees may at any time adopt one or more electronic,
telecommunication or other alternatives to execution of a written instrument
that will enable holders of Shares entitled to vote at any meeting to appoint a
proxy to vote such holders' Shares at such meeting. Proxies may be solicited in
the name of one or more Trustees or one or more of the officers of the Trust.
Only Shareholders of record shall be entitled to vote. Each whole Share shall be
entitled to one vote as to any matter on which it is entitled by the Declaration
of Trust to vote, and each fractional Share shall be entitled to a proportionate
fractional vote. When any Share is held jointly by several persons, any one of
them may vote at any meeting in person or by proxy in respect of such Share, but
if more than one of them shall be present at such meeting in person or by proxy,
and such joint owners or their proxies so present disagree as to any vote to be
cast, such vote shall not be received in respect of such Share. A proxy
purporting to be executed by or on behalf of a Shareholder shall be deemed valid
unless challenged at or prior to its exercise, and the burden of proving
invalidity shall rest on the challenger. If the holder of any such Share is a
minor or a person of unsound mind, and subject to guardianship or the legal
control of any other person as regards the charge or management of such Share,
he or she may vote by his or her guardian or
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such other person appointed or having such control, and such vote may be given
in person or by proxy. At all meetings of the Shareholders, unless the voting is
conducted by inspectors, all questions relating to the qualifications of voters,
the validity of proxies, and the acceptance or rejection of votes shall be
decided by the chairman of the meeting. Except as otherwise provided herein or
in the Declaration of Trust, all matters relating to the giving, voting or
validity of proxies shall be governed by the General Corporation Law of the
State of Delaware relating to proxies, and judicial interpretations thereunder,
as if the Trust were a Delaware corporation and the Shareholders were
shareholders of a Delaware corporation.
SECTION 5. INSPECTION OF BOOKS. The Trustees shall from time to time
determine whether and to what extent, and at what times and places, and under
what conditions and regulations the accounts and books of the Trust or any of
them shall be open to the inspection of the Shareholders; and no Shareholder
shall have any right to inspect any account or book or document of the Trust
except as conferred by law or otherwise by the Trustees or by resolution of the
Shareholders.
SECTION 6. ACTION WITHOUT MEETING. Any action that may be taken at any
meeting of Shareholders may be taken without a meeting and without prior notice
if a consent in writing setting forth the action so taken is signed by the
holders of outstanding Shares having not less than the minimum number of votes
that would be necessary to authorize or take that action at a meeting at which
all Shares entitled to vote on that action were present and voted. All such
consents shall be filed with the records of Shareholder meetings. Such consents
shall be treated for all purposes as a vote taken at a meeting of Shareholders.
SECTION 7. APPLICATION OF THIS ARTICLE. Meetings of Shareholders shall
consist of Shareholders of any Series (or Class thereof) or of all Shareholders,
as determined pursuant to the Declaration of Trust, and this Article shall be
construed accordingly.
ARTICLE IV
Trustees
SECTION 1. MEETINGS OF THE TRUSTEES. The Trustees may in their discretion
provide for regular or stated meetings of the Trustees. Notice of regular or
stated meetings need not be given, except as may be required by applicable law.
Meetings of the Trustees other than regular or stated meetings shall be held
whenever called by the Chairman, the President, or by any two of the Trustees,
at the time being in office. Notice of the time and place of each meeting other
than regular or stated meetings shall be given by the Secretary or an Assistant
Secretary or by the officer or Trustees calling the meeting and shall be
delivered or mailed, postage prepaid, to each Trustee at least two days before
the meeting, or shall be telegraphed, cabled, wired, or delivered by equivalent
electronic means, to each Trustee at his or her business address, or personally
delivered to him or her, at least one day before the meeting. Such notice may,
however, be
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waived by any Trustee. Notice of a meeting need not be given to any Trustee if a
written waiver of notice, executed by him or her before the meeting, is filed
with the records of the meeting, or to any Trustee who attends the meeting
without protesting prior thereto or at its commencement the lack of notice to
him or her. A notice or waiver of notice need not specify the purpose of any
meeting, except as may be required by applicable law. The Trustees may meet by
means of a telephone conference circuit or similar communications equipment by
means of which all persons participating in the meeting are connected, which
meeting shall be deemed to have been held at a place designated by the Trustees
at the meeting. Participation in a telephone conference meeting shall constitute
presence in person at such meeting. Any action required or permitted to be taken
at any meeting of the Trustees may be taken by the Trustees without a meeting if
a majority of the Trustees then in office (or such higher number of Trustees as
would be required to act on the matter under the Declaration of Trust, these
By-Laws or applicable law if a meeting were held) consent to the action in
writing and the written consents are filed with the records of the Trustees'
meetings. Such consents shall be treated for all purposes as a vote taken at a
meeting of the Trustees. Notwithstanding the foregoing, all actions of the
Trustees shall be taken in compliance with the provisions of the Investment
Company Act of 1940, as amended.
SECTION 2. QUORUM AND MANNER OF ACTING. A majority of the Trustees then
in office shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business. If at any
meeting of the Trustees there shall be less than a quorum present, a majority of
those present may adjourn the meeting from time to time until a quorum shall be
obtained. Notice of an adjourned meeting need not be given. The act of the
majority of the Trustees present at any meeting at which there is a quorum shall
be the act of the Trustees, except as may be otherwise specifically provided by
law or by the Declaration of Trust or by these By-Laws.
ARTICLE V
Committees
SECTION 1. EXECUTIVE, NOMINATING, AUDIT AND OTHER COMMITTEES. The Trustees
by vote of a majority of all the Trustees may elect from their own number an
Executive Committee to consist of not less than three (3) Trustees to hold
office at the pleasure of the Trustees, which shall have the power to conduct
the current and ordinary business of the Trust while the Trustees are not in
session, including the purchase and sale of securities and the designation of
securities to be delivered upon redemption of Shares of the Trust, and such
other powers of the Trustees as the Trustees may, from time to time, delegate to
them except those powers by law, the Declaration of Trust or these By-Laws they
are prohibited from delegating. The Trustees may also elect from their own
number or otherwise other Committees from time to time, the number composing
such Committees, the powers conferred upon the same (subject to the same
limitations as with respect to the Executive Committee) and the terms of
membership on such Committees to be determined by the Trustees. Such Committees
shall include a Nominating and
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Compensation Committee and an Audit Committee. The Trustees may designate a
chairman of any Committee. In the absence of such designation the Committee may
elect its own chairman.
SECTION 2. MEETINGS, QUORUM AND MANNER OF ACTING. The Trustees may (1)
provide for stated meetings of any Committees, (2) specify the manner of calling
and notice required for a special meeting of any Committee, (3) specify the
number of members of a Committee required to constitute a quorum.
ARTICLE VI
Officers
SECTION 1. GENERAL PROVISIONS. The officers of the Trust shall be a
President, a Treasurer and a Secretary, who shall be elected by the Trustees.
The Trustees may elect or appoint such other officers or agents as the business
of the Trust may require, including a Chairman of the Board ("Chairman"), Vice
Chairman, one or more Vice Presidents, one or more Assistant Secretaries, and
one or more Assistant Treasurers. The Trustees may delegate to any officer or
Committee the power to appoint any subordinate officers or agents.
SECTION 2. TERM OF OFFICE AND QUALIFICATIONS. Except as otherwise provided
by law, the Declaration of Trust or these By-Laws, the President, the Treasurer
and the Secretary, and all other officers shall hold office at the pleasure of
the Trustees. The Secretary and Treasurer may be the same person. A Vice
President and the Treasurer or a Vice President and the Secretary may be the
same person, but the offices of Vice President, Secretary and Treasurer shall
not be held by the same person. The President shall hold no other office, but
may be a Trustee of the Trust. Except as above provided, any two offices may be
held by the same person. The Chairman, if such an officer is elected, shall be a
Trustee and may, but need not be, a Shareholder. Any other officer may be, but
none need be, a Trustee or Shareholder.
SECTION 3. REMOVAL. The Trustees, at any regular or special meeting of the
Trustees, may remove any officer with or without cause, by a vote of a majority
of the Trustees then in office. Any officer or agent appointed by an officer or
committee may be removed with or without cause by such appointing officer or
committee.
SECTION 4. POWERS AND DUTIES OF THE CHAIRMAN. The Chairman, if such an
officer is elected, shall, if present, preside at meetings of the Shareholders
and the Trustees, and shall, subject to the control of the Trustees, have
general supervision, direction and control of the business and the officers of
the Trust and exercise and perform such other powers and duties as may be from
time to time assigned to him by the Trustees or prescribed by the Declaration of
Trust or these By-Laws. In the absence of the Chairman, the Vice Chairman, if
such an officer is elected, shall assume all powers and duties assigned to the
Chairman hereunder.
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SECTION 5. POWERS AND DUTIES OF THE PRESIDENT. Subject to the powers of the
Chairman, if there be such an officer, the President shall be the principal
executive officer of the Trust. He or she may call meetings of the Trustees and
of any Committee thereof when he or she deems it necessary and, in the absence
of the Chairman, shall preside at all meetings of the Shareholders. Subject to
the control of the Trustees, the Chairman and any Committees of the Trustees,
within their respective spheres, as provided by the Trustees, the President
shall at all times exercise a general supervision and direction over the affairs
of the Trust. The President shall have the power to employ attorneys and counsel
for the Trust and to employ such subordinate officers, agents, clerks and
employees as he or she may find necessary to transact the business of the Trust.
He or she shall also have the power to grant, issue, execute or sign such powers
of attorney, proxies or other documents as may be deemed advisable or necessary
in furtherance of the interests of the Trust. The President shall have such
powers and duties as from time to time may be conferred upon or assigned to him
or her by the Trustees.
SECTION 6. POWERS AND DUTIES OF THE VICE PRESIDENT. In the absence or
disability of the President, the Vice President or, if there be more than one
Vice President, any Vice President designated by the Trustees shall perform all
the duties and may exercise any of the powers of the President, subject to the
control of the Trustees. Each Vice President shall perform such other duties as
may be assigned to him or her from time to time by the Trustees or the
President.
SECTION 7. POWERS AND DUTIES OF THE TREASURER. The Treasurer shall be the
principal financial and accounting officer of the Trust. The Treasurer shall
deliver all funds of the Trust which may come into his or her hands to such
Custodian as the Trustees may employ pursuant to Article X of these By-Laws. He
or she shall render a statement of condition of the finances of the Trust to the
Trustees as often as they shall require the same and he or she shall in general
perform all the duties incident to the office of Treasurer and such other duties
as from time to time may be assigned to him or her by the Trustees. The
Treasurer shall give a bond for the faithful discharge of his or her duties, if
required so to do by the Trustees, in such sum and with such surety or sureties
as the Trustees shall require.
SECTION 8. POWERS AND DUTIES OF THE SECRETARY. The Secretary shall keep the
minutes of all meetings of the Trustees and of the Shareholders in proper books
provided for that purpose; he or she shall have custody of the seal of the
Trust; he or she shall have charge of the Share transfer books, lists and
records unless the same are in the charge of the Transfer Agent. The Secretary
shall attend to the giving and serving of all notices by the Trust in accordance
with the provisions of these By-Laws and as required by law; and subject to
these By-Laws, he or she shall in general perform all duties incident to the
office of the Secretary and such other duties as from time to time may be
assigned to him or her by the Trustees.
SECTION 9. POWERS AND DUTIES OF ASSISTANT TREASURERS. In the absence or
disability of the Treasurer, any Assistant Treasurer designated by the Trustees
shall perform all the duties, and may exercise any of the powers, of the
Treasurer. Each Assistant Treasurer shall give a bond for
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the faithful discharge of his or her duties, if required so to do by the
Trustees, in such sum and with such surety or sureties as the Trustees shall
require.
SECTION 10. POWERS AND DUTIES OF ASSISTANT SECRETARIES. In the absence or
disability of the Secretary, any Assistant Secretary designated by the Trustees
shall perform all the duties, and may exercise any of the powers, of the
Secretary. Each Assistant Secretary shall perform such other duties as from time
to time may be assigned to him or her by the Trustees.
SECTION 11. COMPENSATION OF TRUSTEES. Trustees shall receive such
compensation, including stated salaries, retirement benefits, deferred
compensation or any other form of compensation, as may be set from time to time
by the Board of Trustees or by the Nominating and Compensation Committee. The
Trust is authorized to pay the necessary expenses of members of the Board of
Trustees incurred in connection with the performance of the official duties of
their office.
SECTION 12. COMPENSATION OF OFFICERS. Subject to any applicable provisions
of the Declaration of Trust, the compensation of the officers shall be fixed
from time to time by the Trustees or by any Committee or officer upon whom such
power may be conferred by the Trustees. No officer shall be prevented from
receiving such compensation as such officer by reason of the fact that he or she
is also a Trustee.
ARTICLE VII
Fiscal Year
The fiscal year of the Trust shall end on such date as the Trustees shall from
time to time determine.
ARTICLE VIII
Seal
The Trustees may adopt a seal which shall be in such form and shall have
such inscription thereon as the Trustees may from time to time prescribe.
ARTICLE IX
Waivers of Notice
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Whenever any notice whatever is required to be given by law, the Declaration of
Trust or these By-Laws, a waiver thereof in writing, signed by the person or
persons entitled to said notice, whether before or after the time stated
therein, shall be deemed equivalent thereto. A notice shall be deemed to have
been telegraphed, cabled or wired for the purposes of these By-Laws when it has
been delivered to a representative of any telegraph, cable or wire company with
instructions that it be telegraphed, cabled or wired.
ARTICLE X
Custody of Securities
SECTION 1. EMPLOYMENT OF A CUSTODIAN. The Trust shall place and at all
times maintain in the custody of a Custodian (including any sub-custodian for
the Custodian) all funds, securities and similar investments included in the
Trust Property. The Custodian (and any sub-custodian) shall be a bank or other
depository meeting such requirements as may be set forth in the Investment
Company Act of 1940 and other applicable law and regulations for institutions
serving as custodians of funds held by registered investment companies. The
Custodian shall be appointed from time to time by the Trustees, who shall fix
its remuneration.
SECTION 2. ACTION UPON TERMINATION OF CUSTODIAN AGREEMENT. Upon termination
of a Custodian Agreement or inability of the Custodian to continue to serve, the
Trustees shall promptly appoint a successor Custodian, but in the event that no
successor Custodian can be found who has the required qualifications and is
willing to serve, the Trustees shall call as promptly as possible a special
meeting of the Shareholders to determine whether the Trust shall function
without a Custodian or shall be liquidated. If so directed by a vote of holders
of the majority of the outstanding Shares entitled to vote, the Custodian shall
deliver and pay over all Trust Property held by it as specified in such vote.
SECTION 3. PROVISIONS OF CUSTODIAN CONTRACT. The Custodian contract shall
contain such provisions as may be required in the case of such arrangements by
the Investment Company Act of 1940 and rules and regulations adopted thereunder.
SECTION 4. CENTRAL CERTIFICATE SYSTEM. Subject to applicable rules,
regulations and orders adopted by the Commission, the Trustees may direct the
Custodian to deposit all or any part of the securities owned by the Trust in a
system for the central handling of securities established by a national
securities exchange or a national securities association registered with the
Commission under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, or such other person as
may be permitted by the Commission, or otherwise in accordance with the
Investment Company Act of 1940, pursuant to which system all securities of any
particular class or series of any issuer deposited within the system are treated
as fungible and may be transferred or pledged by bookkeeping entry without
physical delivery of such securities, provided that all such deposits shall be
subject to withdrawal only
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upon the order of the Trust.
ARTICLE XI
Indemnification of Trustees, Officers, Employees and Other Agents
SECTION 1. AGENTS, PROCEEDINGS, EXPENSES. For the purpose of this Article,
"agent" means any Person who is or was a Trustee, officer, employee or other
agent of the Trust or is or was serving at the request of the Trust as a
Trustee, officer, employee or agent of another organization in which the Trust
has any interest as a shareholder, creditor or otherwise; "proceeding" means any
threatened, pending or completed claim, action, suit or proceeding, whether
civil, criminal, administrative or investigative (including appeals); and
"expenses" includes, without limitation, attorneys' fees, costs, judgments,
amounts paid in settlement, fines, penalties and all other liabilities
whatsoever.
SECTION 2. INDEMNIFICATION. Subject to the exceptions and limitation
contained in Section 3 below, every agent shall be indemnified by the Trust to
the fullest extent permitted by law against all liabilities and against all
expenses reasonably incurred or paid by him or her in connection with any
proceeding in which he or she becomes involved as a party or otherwise by virtue
of his or her being or having been an agent.
SECTION 3. LIMITATIONS, SETTLEMENTS. No indemnification shall be provided
hereunder to an agent:
(a) who shall have been adjudicated by the court or other body before
which the proceeding was brought to be liable to the Trust or its Shareholders
by reason of willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless
disregard of the duties involved in the conduct of his or her office
(collectively, "disabling conduct"); or
(b) with respect to any proceeding disposed of (whether by settlement,
pursuant to a consent decree or otherwise) without an adjudication by the court
or other body before which the proceeding was brought that such agent was liable
to the Trust or its Shareholders by reason of disabling conduct, unless there
has been a determination that such agent did not engage in disabling conduct:
(i) by the court or other body before which the proceeding was
brought;
(ii) by at least a majority of those Trustees who are neither
Interested Persons of the Trust nor are parties to the proceeding based upon a
review of readily available facts (as opposed to a full trial-type inquiry); or
(iii) by written opinion of independent legal counsel based upon a
review of readily available facts (as opposed to a full trial-type inquiry);
provided, however, that indemnification
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shall be provided hereunder to an agent with respect to any proceeding in the
event of (1) a final decision on the merits by the court or other body before
which the proceeding was brought that the agent was not liable by reason of
disabling conduct, or (2) the dismissal of the proceeding by the court or other
body before which it was brought for insufficiency of evidence of any disabling
conduct with which such agent has been charged.
SECTION 4. INSURANCE, RIGHTS NOT EXCLUSIVE. The rights of indemnification
herein provided may be insured against by policies maintained by the Trust on
behalf of any agent, shall be severable, shall not be exclusive of or affect any
other rights to which any agent may now or hereafter be entitled and shall inure
to the benefit of the heirs, executors and administrators of any agent.
SECTION 5. ADVANCE OF EXPENSES. Expenses incurred by an agent in connection
with the preparation and presentation of a defense to any proceeding may be paid
by the Trust from time to time prior to final disposition thereof upon receipt
of an undertaking by or on behalf of such agent that such amount will be paid
over by him or her to the Trust if it is ultimately determined that he or she is
not entitled to indemnification under this Article XI; provided, however, that
(a) such agent shall have provided appropriate security for such undertaking,
(b) the Trust is insured against losses arising out of any such advance payments
or (c) either a majority of the Trustees who are neither Interested Persons of
the Trust nor parties to the proceedings, or independent legal counsel in a
written opinion, shall have determined, based upon a review of readily available
facts (as opposed to a trial-type inquiry or full investigation), that there is
reason to believe that such agent will be found entitled to indemnification
under this Article XI.
SECTION 6. FIDUCIARIES OF EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLAN. The Article does not apply
to any proceeding against any Trustee, investment manager or other fiduciary of
an employee benefit plan in that person's capacity as such, even though that
person may also be an agent of this Trust as defined in Section 1 of this
Article. Nothing contained in this Article shall limit any right to
indemnification to which such Trustee, investment manager, or other fiduciary
may be entitled by contract or otherwise which shall be enforceable to the
extent permitted by applicable law other than this Article.
ARTICLE XII
Amendments
These By-Laws, or any of them, may be altered, amended or repealed, or new
By-Laws may be adopted by (a) a vote of holders of the majority of the
outstanding Shares entitled to vote or (b) by the Trustees, provided, however,
that no By-Law may be amended, adopted or repealed by the Trustees if such
amendment, adoption or repeal is required by applicable law, the Declaration of
Trust or these By-Laws, to be submitted to a vote of the Shareholders.
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