Exhibit 10.7
DATED 2002
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(1) OVATION PRODUCTS CORPORATION INC
- and -
(2) LANCY WATER TECHNOLOGY LIMITED
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DISTRIBUTION AGREEMENT
relating to
water distillation systems
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
1. INTERPRETATION.............................................................1
2. APPOINTMENT................................................................3
3. TERMS OF BUSINESS..........................................................3
4. SPECIFICATION OF THE PRODUCTS..............................................6
5. MANUFACTURE AND DELIVERY OF THE PRODUCTS...................................6
6. OBLIGATIONS OF THE DISTRIBUTOR.............................................7
7. OBLIGATIONS OF THE COMPANY................................................10
8. MODIFICATIONS.............................................................11
9. PURCHASE TARGETS..........................................................11
10. DEFECTIVE PRODUCTS........................................................12
11. INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY RIGHTS................................................12
12. GRANT OF PATENT LICENCE...................................................13
13. WARRANTIES................................................................13
14. PAGE MISSING!!!!!!!!!!!!!.................................................14
15. DEFENCE OF LICENSED PATENTS...............................................14
16. CONFIDENTIALITY...........................................................15
17. DURATION AND TERMINATION..................................................15
18. CONSEQUENCES OF TERMINATION...............................................16
19. FORCE MAJEURE.............................................................17
20. ENTIRE AGREEMENT..........................................................17
21. WAIVER OF RIGHTS BASED ON MISREPRESENTATION...............................18
22. ASSIGNMENT................................................................18
23. RELATIONSHIP OF THE PARTIES...............................................18
24. COSTS AND EXPENSES........................................................18
25. EXECUTION................................................................18
26. AMENDMENT AND WAIVER......................................................19
27. THIRD PARTY RIGHTS........................................................19
28. LAW AND JURISDICTION......................................................19
29. NOTICES...................................................................19
30. SURVIVORSHIP..............................................................19
31. PRECEDENCE AND INVALIDITY.................................................20
SCHEDULE 1....................................................................26
Products......................................................................26
SCHEDULE 2....................................................................27
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
(continued)
Page
Territory and Market..........................................................27
SCHEDULE 3....................................................................28
List prices of Products.......................................................28
SCHEDULE 4....................................................................29
Minimum purchase targets and Time Period......................................29
SCHEDULE 5....................................................................30
Specification.................................................................30
SCHEDULE 6....................................................................31
Licensed Patents..............................................................31
SCHEDULE 7....................................................................32
Trade Xxxx....................................................................32
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THIS DISTRIBUTION AGREEMENT is made on 2002
BETWEEN
(1) OVATION PRODUCTS CORPORATION INC of 000 Xxxx Xxxxxxxxx Xxxx, Xxxxxx, XX
00000 XXX ("Company")
(2) LANCY WATER TECHNOLOGY LIMITED (registered in England and Wales under
company number 4473542) whose registered office is at Xxxxxx Xxxxx,
Xxxxxxxx XX0 0XX, Xxxxxx Xxxxxxx ("Distributor")
1. INTERPRETATION
1.1 In this agreement unless the context requires otherwise:
"Alpha Product" means 8 gallon per hour bottom drive compressor with
a non-cleanable heat exchanger.
"Beta Product" means 15-20 gallon per hour distiller top with a
clean inplace heat exchanger.
"Improvement" means
(i) any invention developed or acquired with free rights of
disposal by the Company or the Distributor (as the case may
be) and used commercially by the Company or the Distributor
during the term of this agreement, the use of which in the
territory without a licence under the licensed patents would
be an infringement thereof; and/or
(ii) any change in the process involved in the construction of the
products or their specifications which has been developed or
acquired with free rights of disposal by the Company or the
Distributor (as the case may be) and used commercially by the
Company or the Distributor, during the term of this agreement,
which makes the products more efficient or adaptable or
enables them to be manufactured more cheaply or efficiently.
"Industrial Property Rights" means all know-how, copyright, trade
marks, patents, designs, information and documentation (including,
but not limited to, drawings relating to the manufacture, assembly
and use of the Products and sales and promotional literature
relating to the Products) other than the Trade Xxxx which in any way
relates to the Products.
"Know-how" means information, knowledge, experience, test results,
formulae, data, drawings and designs in the possession and free
disposal of the Company on the date of this agreement or which the
Company develops during the life of this agreement and which relate
to the construction, use, marketing or sale of the products.
"Licensed Patents" means:
(i) the patents and patents applications particulars of which are set
out in schedule 6 hereto (or which are added to schedule 6 dining
the term hereof);
(ii) any improvement patent filed pursuant to the provisions of this
agreement;
(iii) any application for utility models;
(iv) any continuations-in-part; and
(v) any patents granted on the applications set out in (i) to (iv)
above.
"Market" means the market for the Products within the Territory set out in
schedule 2 as amended from time to time pursuant to this agreement.
"Net Selling Price" means twelve thousand US Dollars (US$12,000).
"Products" means those products currently being manufactured and sold by
the Company set out in schedule 1 together with any extras, accessories,
spare parts and maintenance equipment supplied with them and all
modifications, developments and improvements relating to the Products
introduced or acquired by the Company during the continuance of this
agreement.
"Sale" means, with respect to any Product, the sale, lease, licensing,
transfer or other disposal of that Product or any rights in it (whether or
not for value or at arm's length and whether or not individually or in
combination with any other Product(s]). For the purposes of this
agreement, in the context of sales made by the Distributor on its own
account of Products sold to it by the Company, "Sale" shall include resale
where the context admits and "sell" and "sold" shall be construed
accordingly.
"Shareholders `Agreement'" means an agreement entered into on the date of
this agreement between the Company, its independent investors and Xxxxxx
Xxx Plc.
"Specification" means the specification of the Products set out in
schedule 5 or any other specification agreed in writing between the
parties.
"Territory" means the territories set out in schedule 2 as amended from
time to time pursuant to this agreement.
"Trade Xxxx" means the name and xxxx details of which are set out in
schedule 7.
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1.2 Reference to a clause, paragraph or schedule is to a clause,
paragraph or schedule of or to this agreement unless the context
requires otherwise.
1.3 Reference to the singular includes the plural and vice versa, and
reference to a gender includes the other genders unless the context
requires otherwise. Reference to a "person" includes any individual,
firm, unincorporated association or body corporate.
1.4 Reference to a statutory provision includes a reference to that
statutory provision as from time to time amended, extended or
re-enacted and any regulations made under it.
1.5 The headings in this agreement are for ease of reference only and
shall not affect its construction or interpretation.
2. APPOINTMENT
The Company appoints the Distributor as its distributor in the Territory
for the Sale of Products in accordance with the terms and conditions of
this agreement. The Distributor's appointment under this agreement is
exclusive (but for the terms of Xxxxxxx Agreement (as defined below) in
relation to the Market and the Company shall not sell or appoint any other
distributor or agent for the Sale of Products in the Market within the
Territory. In addition, in the first year of the agreement the Distributor
shall be appointed on an exclusive project basis (but for the terms of
Xxxxxxx Agreement (as defined below)) in respect of government/statutory
third world clean up and manufacturing effluent following consultation
with Ovation on the terms of appointment for such project.
3. TERMS OF BUSINESS
3.1 All Sales of Products by the Company to the Distributor shall be
made in accordance with the terms of this agreement.
3.2 The Products shall be sold by the Company to the Distributor at the
list prices of the Company set out in schedule 3, as varied from
time to time by written agreement of the parties.
3.3 All prices for the Products exclude any charge for postage,
packaging, carriage, freight, any handling charges, insurance,
import or other duties and value added tax or other applicable sales
tax, all of which will be separately invoiced to, and paid by, the
Distributor and the Distributor hereby undertakes to indemnify the
Company accordingly in respect of any liability, expense, cost,
damage or other loss of whatever kind arising, directly or
indirectly, out of the Distributor's failure to make any such
payment.
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3.4 The Company shall allow the Distributor such discount for prompt
payment or otherwise as the Company may from time to time notify to
the Distributor provided that the Distributor is not then in breach
of any of the terms of this agreement.
3.5 The Distributor shall pay the Company for all Products sold to the
Distributor under this agreement within 45 days from date of the
relevant invoice. All payments for Products shall be made by the
Distributor in US dollars (US$) or such other currency in which the
Company notifies the Distributor of the price of the Products from
time to time. In addition to the Company's rights to suspend under
clause 17, if the Distributor does not pay any amount or amounts
when due, the Company may charge interest (calculated on a daily
basis) at the statutory rate of eight percent (8%) per annum above
the base rate of the Bank of England from time to time, from the due
date until the date of actual payment (whether before or after
judgement). The Distributor's common law right of set off is hereby
expressly excluded and all sums due from the Distributor shall be
paid by the Distributor to the Company free from any deductions,
withholding or set off of any kind.
3.6 The Products shall be promoted, marketed and sold by the Distributor
bearing the Trade Xxxx. The Company hereby grants to the
Distributor, and the Distributor hereby accepts from the Company, a
non-exclusive, non-transferable, and royalty-free license to use the
Trade Xxxx and other intellectual property notified in writing by
the Company from time to time (the "Intellectual Property") solely
in connection with the promotion, advertising and distribution of
the Products. The Distributor shall not use any other marks,
intellectual property or trade names in connection with the
marketing and distribution of the Products unless otherwise agreed
with the Company. The Intellectual Property shall be used by the
Distributor solely in accordance with the Company's standards,
specifications and instructions, but in no event beyond the terms
set down in this agreement. The Distributor is not granted any
right, title or interest in the Trade Xxxx or generally in the
Intellectual Property, other than the foregoing limited license, and
the Distributor shall not use any such Trade Xxxx or Intellectual
Property as part of the Distributor's corporate or trade name or
otherwise than as expressly permitted hereunder, nor shall it permit
any third party to do so. In addition, the Distributor shall not
register or use any of the Company's trademarks, trade names,
slogans, intellectual property, logos or packaging designs (or any
similar trademarks, trade names, slogans, intellectual property,
logos or packaging designs) except as specifically authorised in
writing in advance. Sale by the Distributor of Products in the
packages in which they were shipped shall not be considered use for
this purpose. The Distributor shall not remove or alter any
trademarks, trade names, copyright notices, labels, tags or other
identifying marks, symbols or legends affixed to the Products,
containers or packages by or on behalf of the Company. The
Distributor shall not add any trademarks, trade names, copyright
notices, labels, tags or other identifying marks, symbols or legends
to the Products or packaging without the prior written consent of
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the Company. Should the Distributor become aware of the fact that a third
party has infringed upon the patent rights, trademarks or trade names or
other intellectual property of the Company or that such rights, trademarks
or trade names or other intellectual property are likely to be infringed,
the Distributor shall immediately inform the Company of the facts and at
the same time shall make reasonable efforts (but only if specifically
requested by the Company) to assist the Company in prevention and/or
remedy of such infringement. The Company shall have no obligation to the
Distributor under this agreement to prevent or remedy any such
infringement.
3.7 Delivery or performance dates in relation to the supply by the Company of
Products are approximate only and, unless otherwise expressly stated, time
is not of the essence for delivery. The Company will use commercially
reasonable endeavours to deliver or procure the delivery of the Products
by the stated delivery date but may suspend or delay delivery and will not
be liable for any loss, damage, cost, expense or other liability
whatsoever in the event of late delivery or non-delivery of Products or
any instalment outstanding. The Distributor shall not be entitled to
refuse to accept late delivery or treat late delivery as a breach of
contract. Title to each of the Products shall transfer upon the later of
(a) delivery of such Product to the Distributor (or as agreed with the
Distributor) or (b) receipt by the Company of payment in full of all sums
due and owing from the Distributor to the Company, pursuant to this
agreement. The Company at all times reserves the legal and beneficial
ownership in Products sold by it until payment has been made by the
Distributor in full of all sums owing by the Distributor to the Company,
pursuant hereto and the Distributor hereby authorises the Company to enter
onto the Distributor's premises (or any other premises at which Products
may be stored) to recover any Products which are not paid for in
accordance with the terms of this agreement. Risk of loss or damage to any
Product shall pass to the Distributor upon the earlier of (a) delivery of
such Product to the freight carrier nominated by the Distributor (or as
agreed with the Distributor) or (b) receipt by the Company of payment in
full for such Product from the Distributor.
3.8 In addition to clauses 3.1 - 3.7. The supply of the first 10 Products
shall be subject to the following terms.
3.8.1 Upon signature of this agreement the Distributor will place an order
for 10 Products and will make a pre-payment of US $80,000.
3.8.2 Delivery of the 10 Products referred to in clause 3.8.1 shall take
place as follows:
3.8.2.1 the first Alpha Product which shall be a test and evaluation
unit will be delivered no later than 30 January 2003; and
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3.8.2.2 the remaining nine Products which shall be full
production units will be delivered no later than six
months after receipt of the signed purchase order.
3.8.3 It is a condition of the Distributor entering into this
agreement that the Company provide an on demand guarantee in
favour of the Distributor to the value of US $80,000 of common
stock of the Company at $15 per share, such guarantee shall
expire on the later of (i) the date which is three (3) months
after the date of signature of this agreement and (ii) the
delivery of the first ten Products to the Distributor (or as
agreed with the Distributor).
3.8.4 During 2003 the Distributor shall use all reasonable
endeavours to place further orders consistent with demand.
3.8.5 Not later than 31 December 2003 the Company shall supply five
Beta Products to the Distributor such Products to be in
satisfaction of the Company's obligation to provide
consideration for its investment in the share capital of the
Distributor pursuant to the Shareholders' Agreement.
4. SPECIFICATION OF THE PRODUCTS
4.1 The Company shall use all reasonable endeavours to ensure that all
Products sold by the Company to the Distributor pursuant to this
agreement shall conform in all material respects to the
Specification and, subject to the provisions of clause 5, the
Distributor shall be entitled to reject any quantity of the Products
which are not in accordance with the Specification.
4.2 The Company shall consult with the Distributor from time to time
during the continuance of this agreement to ensure that the
Specification is acceptable to both parties.
5. MANUFACTURE AND DELIVERY OF THE PRODUCTS
5.1 The Company shall use all reasonable endeavours to manufacture and
maintain sufficient stocks of the Products to fulfil its obligations
under this agreement. No accepted order for Product or Products may
be modified or cancelled except in writing and as agreed by the
Company and any terms or conditions of purchase, order or change
order which add to, modify or conflict with the terms or conditions
of this agreement shall be deemed excluded and of no legal effect as
between the parties.
5.2 Delivery of the Products shall take place FOB Port.
5.3 The Distributor shall, within 30 days of the arrival of each
delivery of the Products at the Distributor's premises, give notice
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to the Company of any defect by reason of which the Distributor
alleges that the Products delivered are not in accordance with the
Specification and which should be apparent on reasonable inspection.
All claims must be in writing, must recite the nature and details of
the claim, the date the cause of the claim was first observed and
the serial number of the Product concerned.
5.4 If the Distributor rejects any delivery of the Products which are
not in accordance with the Specification, the Company shall, within
30 days of being requested to do so by the Distributor, repair the
relevant Products or supply replacement Products which are in
accordance with the Specification (in which event the Company shall
not be deemed to be in breach of this agreement or have any
liabilities to the Distributor) or shall notify the Distributor that
it is unable to do so. For the avoidance of doubt, the Distributor's
sole remedy against the Company with respect to Products considered
to be defective or faulty shall be to require, at the sole
discretion of the Company, (i) the repair of such Products; (ii) the
replacement of such Products with Products which conform to the
requirements set out in this agreement; or (iii) the refund of the
purchase price of such Products paid by the Distributor to the
Company excluding any freight, taxes or other charges.
5.5 If the Company is unable to meet the requirements of any order
placed on it by the Distributor in terms of either numbers of
Products or delivery times, or if the Company is unable to repair
the Products or supply replacement Products in accordance with
clause 5.4 within six months of a request from the Distributor then
the Distributor shall, subject to payment of a royalty of 5% of the
Net Selling Price of the Products, be entitled to manufacture itself
or to obtain from any other person such quantity of the Products as
the Company has been unable so to supply, and that quantity shall be
deemed, for the purposes only of clause 10, to have been ordered
from the Company.
6. OBLIGATIONS OF THE DISTRIBUTOR
6.1 The Distributor undertakes and agrees with the Company that it
shall, at all times and at its own expense during the continuance of
this agreement:
6.1.1 use its best endeavours to sell and promote the Sale of the
Products and, subject to the Company being able to supply, the
same to ensure that it maintains adequate stocks of Products
to meet demand and to promptly fulfil orders from its
customers within the Territory;
6.1.2 employ such numbers of technically qualified sales personnel,
able efficiently to demonstrate and explain the Products, as
may be necessary to ensure full promotion of the Products
throughout the Territory;
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6.1.3 supply the Company with a report every three months informing. the
Company of the progress and development of the market for the
Products in the Territory and of all regulations affecting the
import, distribution and Sale of the Products in the Territory;
6.1.4 send to the Company, on reasonable request, such details of future
Sales and stocks and other statistical forecasts as the Company may
reasonably require for budgetary purposes and for programming future
production;
6.1.5 promptly submit to the Company all complaints relating to the
Products together with all available evidence and other information
relating to those complaints and forward to the Company, at the
Company's expense, for examination, representative samples of the
Products in respect of which complaints are made (including, but not
limited to, full identification of such Products including Product
references and numbers);
6.1.6 in all relevant correspondence and other dealings relating directly
or indirectly to the Sale of the Products, clearly indicate that it
is acting as principal, and, in no circumstances, expressly or
impliedly do any act or thing which may cause third parties to think
that it is acting as an agent of the Company;
6.1.7 comply with all applicable laws and regulations during the course of
performance of this agreement and in related activities and be
responsible for obtaining and maintaining in force all such
licences, consents and approvals of any governmental or
quasi-governmental or other regulatory authority as may be required
in connection with the import, advertising, storage, marketing and
Sale of the Products in the Territory and shall indemnify the
Company against any and all loss, damage, costs, expenses, claims or
other liabilities which may arise, directly or indirectly, out of
the Distributor's failure to comply with its obligations hereunder;
6.1.8 instruct the purchasers and users in the correct operation and safe
use of the Products [and supply to every such person a copy of the
Company's service/operational manual/guarantee;
6.1.9 make available after-sales service and service under the Company's
guarantee, on a free of charge basis to all users of the Products
situated in the Territory (whether or not such Products were
purchased from the Distributor);
6.1.10 keep full accounts and records showing clearly all enquiries and
transactions relating to the Products and permit authorised officers
of the Company at all reasonable times to have access to the
premises where such accounts and records are kept for the purpose of
inspecting the same;
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6.1.11 respond promptly to all enquiries received from potential or actual
customers and to all referrals whether from the Company or
elsewhere;
6.1.12 provide the Company in advance with full details of its proposed
marketing and promotional activities regarding the Products
including, without limitation, a copy of its proposed business plan
for approval by the Company and such other information and/or
documentation as the Company may reasonably require;
6.1.13 upon request from the Company, return to the Company or make such
other disposition (including, but not limited to, recalling
Products) as the Company shall direct of any portion of the Products
determined by the Company to be outdated or to otherwise require
such disposition. In the event of any such return or disposition
before such time as the Products become outdated based on their
labelled expiration date, the Company shall either replace the
Products or reimburse the Distributor in an amount equal to the
original basic price paid by the Distributor for the Products
excluding any freight, taxes or other charges. The Distributor
acknowledges and agrees that its sole remedy in relation to any such
return or disposition shall be to receive replacement Products or
reimbursement per the preceding sentence. In no event shall the
Company be liable for any special, consequential or other loss or
damages related to or arising out of (whether directly or
indirectly) such return or disposition (save that nothing herein
shall exclude any liability of the Company for personal injury or
death occurring through the Company's negligence). The Distributor
hereby agrees to maintain records sufficient, in the Company's
reasonable opinion, to enable an effective recall of Products that
it sells, and to co-operate fully and at its own cost in any recall
effort conducted by the Company. The Company expressly retains the
right to direct any recall of Products in the Territory; and
6.1.14 maintain in force, during the term of this agreement and for as
long as a practical need exists, one or more policies of liability
insurance which shall cover all liabilities of the Distributor,
whenever arising, attributable to Products sold under this agreement
and the risk of loss or damage to the Products whilst risk is with
the Distributor. The Distributor shall also maintain all necessary
insurances required by applicable law(s) within the Territory,
including, without limitation, employer's liability insurance.
6.2 The Distributor shall not:
6.2.1 solicit customers for the Products outside the Market within the
Territory, or establish any branch or maintain any depot outside the
Territory for the Sale of the Products;
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6.2.2 make purchases or sales or incur any liabilities whatever on behalf
of the Company or attempt to bind the Company to third parties in
any manner whatever or participate in activities or practices that
may injure the reputation of the Company, the Company's businesses
(or the goods and services provided pursuant thereto) or the
Products;
6.2.3 in any way pledge the credit of the Company;
6.2.4 use the name of the Company or any part of it or the trade names of
the Products or any part of them in the corporate name or the title
of the Distributor or any associated company or on any advertisement
(including public signs and displays) or use such name or trade
names in any manner as a description of the business of the
Distributor or any associated company without the prior written
consent of the Company provided that the Distributor may, on its
letter headings and business forms, describe itself as an exclusive
distributor in the Territory for the Products;
6.2.5 make any representation or give any warranty in relation to the
Products unless such representation or warranty has been previously
approved in writing by the Company;
6.2.6 deface or alter the Products or their packaging in any manner
whatever and, in particular, alter, remove or in any way tamper with
any warnings or instructions for use of the Products or any
indication of the source of origin of the Products;
6.2.7 and shall procure that none of its employees, consultants or agents,
either directly or indirectly manufacture, offer, promote, sell or
distribute goods which are of the same kind, similar to or compete
with the Products. Subject to clause 5.5 the Distributor shall
further obtain the Products for resale only from the Company or from
such other source as the Company may expressly authorise or direct
in writing and shall not, and shall procure that none of its
employees, consultants or agents, actively advertise, promote or
solicit customers for the Products outside the Market within the
Territory. In addition, the Distributor shall not, and shall procure
that none of its employees, consultants or agents, sell the Products
to customers outside the Market within the Territory unless
expressly authorised by the Company in writing. However, should the
parties continue this agreement beyond five years after the date of
signature, the foregoing restriction in the first sentence of this
clause 6.2.7 shall apply only to the extent that such competitive
products account for more than 20% of the combined sales of the
Products and competitive products by the Distributor during the
preceding 12-month period. Notwithstanding the foregoing, nothing in
this clause 6.2.7 shall preclude the Distributor from responding to
unsolicited requests from any individual customer outside the Market
but within a Member State of the European Union or the European
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Economic Area, wherever located, who purchases Products with a view
to their use within the territory of a Member State of the European
Union or European Economic Area; and
6.2.8 and shall procure so far as is reasonably possible that
no third party shall, alter, modify, destroy, tamper
with, reverse engineer or otherwise deal with any
Product sold to it pursuant hereto in a manner other
than as contemplated and permitted hereunder, without
the Company's express written consent (which may be
withheld at its sole discretion).
7. OBLIGATIONS OF THE COMPANY
The Company undertakes and agrees with the Distributor that it shall,
during the continuance of this agreement:
7.1 provide such technical assistance as it may deem appropriate
including, if necessary, the training of a reasonable number of the
Distributor's personnel at the Company's premises at the cost of the
Distributor. The content and duration of any such training programme
shall be determined by the Company after consultation with the
Distributor;
7.2 send (subject to prior agreement with the Distributor), at its own
cost, a representative to visit the Distributor for the purpose of
providing advice in connection with the Products and/or promoting
Sales of the Products and shall, at the cost of the Distributor,
send such a representative when reasonably requested by the
Distributor including (without limitation) a representative to
provide advice and assistance in connection with trade fairs,
exhibitions or demonstrations;
7.3 meet the Distributor at regular intervals to discuss all aspects of
the Sale and marketing of the Products and the best method of
promoting them;
7.4 in appointing other distributors for the Sale of the Products
outside the Territory, make it a condition of such appointment that
such other distributors shall not, within the Territory and in
relation to the Products, seek customers or establish any branch or
maintain any distribution depot;
7.5 pass any queries relating to the Products which it may receive from
within the Territory to the Distributor; and
7.6 to make a payment to the Distributor of $200 in respect of any
product sold pursuant to the distribution agreement dated 22
December 1997 between (1) the Company and (2) Xxxxxxx Xxxxxxx d/b/a
WMS Enterprises (the "Xxxxxxx Agreement") provided that the Company
shall be under no obligation to make any payment in excess of
$1,500,000 in aggregate; and indemnify and keep indemnified the
Distributor against all liability, loss, damage, expenses and costs
incurred by the Distributor which result directly or indirectly from
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the operation of or activities pursuant to the Xxxxxxx Agreement
such liability not to exceed $1,500,000.
8. MODIFICATIONS
8.1 Subject to clause 8.2, the Company reserves the right to discontinue
the manufacture or supply of any of the Products and make changes
and improvements at any time in the construction or design of any of
the Products without incurring any obligation or liability to the
Distributor or the Distributor's customers.
8.2 The Company shall inform the Distributor of such withdrawals of,
modifications to, or improvements to, the Products, wherever
possible before their implementation, but otherwise as soon as is
reasonably practicable.
9. PURCHASE TARGETS
9.1 Up to 31 December 2003 the Distributor shall use all reasonable
endeavours to achieve the minimum purchase targets specified in
schedule 4. Purchase targets for the second year will be subject to
agreement following delivery of the first 10 Products and in
subsequent years minimum purchase targets shall be agreed annually
in advance. In the event that the parties do not agree the minimum
purchase targets within thirty (30) calendar days of the end of the
preceding year in which minimum purchase targets were set, the
previous year's minimum purchase targets shall be increased by 10%
for first 3 years following the date of this Agreement and shall be
deemed to be the minimum purchase targets for the year in respect of
which agreement was not reached.
9.2 If, in any period so specified in schedule 4, the number of Products
purchased by the Distributor in respect of the Territory in that
period is less than the amount of the stated minimum purchase
targets for that period, the Company shall be entitled, at its
option, by notice to the Distributor given within ninety calendar
days of the end of such period, to terminate the Distributor's
exclusivity with effect from ninety (90) calendar days after giving
such notice.
10. DEFECTIVE PRODUCTS
In the event of any of the Products supplied to a customer of the
Distributor being found by the Distributor to be defective within one year
of despatch by the Company or within nine months of Sale by the
Distributor, whichever is the shorter, the Distributor shall submit a full
report to the Company about it immediately together with an estimate of
the cost of rectification. On receipt of such report, the Company shall
immediately instruct the Distributor to carry out such rectification or
shall request the Distributor to return the defective Products to the
Company for repair or replacement. In respect of such Products, the
Company shall pay the cost of rectification or the cost of transport and
insurance from the Distributor's depot to the Company. In the event of
such Products being found by the Company to be defective owing to faulty
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workmanship or materials, the Company shall either, at the Company's
option, put such Products into good working order and return them to the
Distributor carriage paid or shall replace such Products and despatch
those replacements to the Distributor carriage paid or shall refund the
purchase price of such Products. For the avoidance of doubt, the
Distributor's sole remedy against the Company with respect to Products
considered to be defective or faulty shall be to require, at the sole
discretion of the Company, (i) the repair of such Products; (ii) the
replacement of such Products with Products which conform to the
requirements set out in this agreement; or (iii) the refund of the
purchase price of such Products paid by the Distributor to the Company
excluding any freight, taxes or other charges.
11. INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY RIGHTS
11.1 The Distributor acknowledges that title to the Industrial Property
Rights is and remains at all times exclusively the Company's, and
that the Distributor has no right to use, disclose, copy or
otherwise dispose of the same except in accordance with any express
authority under this agreement and, further, that any such authority
shall immediately cease on termination of the Distributor's
appointment under this agreement whatever the cause of termination.
The Distributor shall, on termination, return to the Company, and
shall not retain in any way or in any format, all documents relating
in any way to the Industrial Property Rights and any and all copies,
extracts or abstracts of them in whatever format and on whatever
media.
11.2 The Distributor shall immediately bring to the attention of the
Company any improper or wrongful use in the Territory of any
Industrial Property Rights relating to the Products (or any
component part of the Products) which comes to its notice, and shall
use every effort to safeguard the Industrial Property Rights and
interests of the Company and shall assist the Company in taking all
steps to defend the Industrial Property Rights of the Company
including, at the specific request of the Company, the prosecution
of any actions which the Company may deem necessary to commence for
the protection of any of its rights.
12. GRANT OF PATENT LICENCE
12.1 For the purposes of clause 5.5 only, and only to the extent that the
circumstances referred to in clause 5.5 are operative, the Company
grants to the Distributor:
12.1.1 the exclusive licence (subject to the terms of the Xxxxxxx
Agreement) in the Territory under the Licensed Patents for the
construction, marketing, use and/or sale of the Products in
the Territory according to the Company's instructions on the
terms and conditions of this agreement;
13
12.1.2 the exclusive right (subject to the terms of the Xxxxxxx
Agreement) to use the Know-how for the construction, use
and/or sale of the Products in the Territory according to the
Company's instructions on the terms and conditions of this
agreement; and
12.1.3 the right to grant non-exclusive sub-licences under the
Licensed Patents and the Know-how to subcontractors in the
Territory to manufacture Products for supply to the
Distributor.
13. WARRANTIES
13.1 The Company hereby warrants to the Distributor that:
13.1.1 it has the right to grant the licence rights granted by
clause 12;
13.1.2 it is not aware (at the date hereof), without having
undertaken any investigation whatsoever, of any matter or
prior art that would invalidate or impede the grant of any of
the Licensed patents and that the construction, use, or sale
of the Products does not to the Company's knowledge infringe
any third party's intellectual property rights in the
Territory;
13.1.3 it has not entered into any (and there are no) outstanding
assignments, obligations, charges or agreements, either
written, oral, or implied, which are inconsistent with this
agreement; and
13.1.4 save in respect of the Xxxxxxx Agreement, it has not at any
time granted a licence and/or rights in respect of the
Products to any other person in the Territory.
13.2 The warranties set forth or referred to in this agreement are
intended solely for the benefit of the Distributor and may not be
made to the Distributor's customers. The warranties set forth above
are in lieu of all other warranties, express or implied, which are
hereby disclaimed and excluded by the Company, including, without
limitation, any warranty of merchantability or fitness for a
particular purpose or use and all obligations or liabilities on the
part of the Company for damages arising out of or in conjunction
with the use, repair or performance of the Products (save in respect
of personal injury or death caused by the Company's negligence which
is not excluded hereby).
13.3 Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this agreement, the
Company shall not (except in respect of death or personal injury
caused by its negligence) be liable to the Distributor by reason of
any non-fraudulent representation or implied warranty, condition or
other term or any duty at common law, any tort or under the express
terms of this agreement, for any consequential loss (whether direct
14
or indirect), loss of profits, loss of income, loss of business,
loss of revenue, loss of goodwill, loss of anticipated savings, loss
of data or any indirect loss or damage howsoever caused. This clause
13.3 shall apply whether or not the Company was advised of the
possibility of such loss and whether or not such damage or loss is
foreseeable. The Company's total liability arising under or in
relation to this agreement or its termination (whether in contract,
for breach of warranty, tort including negligence, breach of
statutory duty, non fraudulent misrepresentation, under any
indemnity or otherwise howsoever) shall not exceed in aggregate the
aggregate price paid by the Distributor to the Company for Products
pursuant to this agreement in the relevant calendar year in which
the claim is made, except in respect of death or personal injury
caused by the Company's negligence or fraudulent misrepresentation,
for which the Company's liability is unlimited.
14. PAGE MISSING!!!!!!!!!!!!!
15. DEFENCE OF LICENSED PATENTS
15.1 The Distributor shall forthwith give notice in writing to the
Company of any infringement or suspected or threatened infringement
in the Territory of any of the Licensed Patents (which expression
for the purpose of this clause shall be deemed to include any Patent
granted in the Territory in respect of an Improvement) which shall
at any time come to its knowledge.
15.2 The Company shall decide in its absolute discretion whether and what
steps should be taken to prevent or terminate such infringement
including the institution of legal proceedings where necessary and
the Company shall notify the Distributor in writing of such decision
as soon as reasonably possible following the receipt of the notice
from the Distributor under this clause 15.
15.3 The Company shall have sole control over and shall conduct any such
action(s) as it shall deem necessary in pursuance of this clause.
15.4 The Distributor agrees, at the expense of the Company, to provide
reasonable assistance to the Company in trials, suits and other
actions against infringers of the Licensed Patents.
16. CONFIDENTIALITY
16.1 The Distributor undertakes with the Company that it will not during
the continuance of this agreement or at any time after it has
terminated divulge or communicate to any person any of the trade
secrets or other confidential information, including, without
limitation, information relating to the manufacturing processes,
affairs or business or method of carrying on business of the Company
which it may have received or obtained in the performance of, or
otherwise as a direct or indirect result of, its appointment under
this agreement.
15
16.2 The Distributor further undertakes that it will not at any time
during the continuance of this agreement or during the three (3)
year period after it has terminated (such period commencing on the
date of termination) entice or induce or attempt to entice or induce
away from the Company any person who, at any time during the
continuance of this agreement, is, or has been, employed, appointed
or engaged by the Company as an employee, agent, director,
consultant or independent contractor employed, and who by reason of
such employment, appointment or engagement and in particular his/her
seniority and expertise or knowledge of trade secrets or
confidential information of the Company or knowledge of or influence
over the clients, customers or suppliers of the Company, is likely
to be able to assist or benefit a business in or proposing to be in
competition with the Company.
16.3 Whilst the restrictions in this clause 16 are regarded by the
parties as fair and reasonable, it is hereby declared that each of
the restrictions in this clause 16 is intended to be separate and
severable. If any restriction is held to be unreasonably wide but
would be valid if part of the wording were deleted, such restriction
will apply with so much of the wording deleted as may be necessary
to make it valid.
17. DURATION AND TERMINATION
17.1 Either party may terminate this agreement immediately by notice if
any of the following events occurs:
17.1.1 the other party fails to observe or perform any of the terms
or conditions of this agreement or is in breach of any
contract for the purchase by it of Products under this
agreement and such default or breach (if capable of remedy)
continues for a period of ninety (90) calendar days after
notice, specifying the breach and requiring the same to be
remedied, has been given;
17.1.2 an order is made or a resolution is passed for the winding-up
of a party, except in the case of a voluntary winding-up for
the purposes of a scheme of reconstruction or amalgamation the
terms of which have previously been approved in writing by the
other party;
17.1.3 an administrative order is made or a petition for such an
order is presented in respect of a party;
17.1.4 a receiver (which expression includes an administrative
receiver) is appointed in respect of a party or all or any of
its assets;
16
17.1.5 a party is unable to pay its debts within the meaning of
section 123 of the Insolvency Xxx 0000; or
17.1.6 any voluntary arrangement is proposed under section 1 of the
Insolvency Xxx 0000 in respect of a party.
17.1.7 any event analogous to those described in clauses 17.1.3 to
17.1.6 occurs in any jurisdiction in which either party is
incorporated or resident or carries on business;
17.1.8 either party ceases, or threatens to cease, to carry on
business; and
17.2 During any period in which a notice to terminate this agreement is
in force, the Company shall be obliged to supply only such
quantities of the Products as are required to enable the Distributor
to meet any purchase orders already placed with it and to meet such
demands for the Products as (taking into account the previous
performance of the Distributor) are likely to exist for Sales made
during the unexpired period of notice.
17.3 Notwithstanding any other rights or remedies that the Company may
have, whether pursuant to this agreement or otherwise, if the
Distributor fails to make payment in respect of any amount when due
the Company may, not earlier than seventy-two (72) hours after
providing the Distributor with written notice of the Company's
intention to do so, suspend the sale and/or delivery of Products
until it has received payment in full of all amounts outstanding
from the Distributor. Such suspension shall not be a breach of
contract, the Company shall not be bound to comply with its
obligations under this agreement for the duration of the suspension
and shall have no liability to the Distributor or its customers in
respect of the suspension of sale and/or delivery of Products.
18. CONSEQUENCES OF TERMINATION
18.1 Following the expiry or termination of this agreement for any reason
whatever, the Company shall be entitled (at its option) to do all or
any of the following:
18.1.1 cancel any orders for the Products placed with it by the
Distributor and not yet delivered;
18.1.2 repurchase unsold stocks of the Products owned by the
Distributor at a price equal to the price paid to the Company
by the Distributor (less any deductions reasonably made by
reason of any damage, including fair wear and tear) together
with any expense reasonably incurred by the Distributor in
arranging for the transport and insurance for redelivery of
the same to the Company; and
17
18.1.3 call upon the Distributor to return to the Company, at the
expense of the Distributor, all advertising or promotional
material relating to the Products and any other documents or
papers relating to the business of the Company or the Products
which it has in its possession without retaining in any way or
in any format, any copies, extracts or abstracts of them in
whatever format and on whatever media.
18.2 Upon termination of this agreement then the Company shall be
entitled to purchase the right to use the Trade Xxxx on terms to be
agreed.
19. FORCE MAJEURE
19.1 Neither party shall be liable to the other or be deemed to be in
breach of this agreement by reason of any delay in performing, or
failure to perform, any of its obligations under this agreement,
save in respect of its payment obligations which are expressly
excluded from the effect of this clause, if the delay or failure was
beyond that party's reasonable control (including, without
limitation, any strike, lockout or other industrial action, act of
God, war or threat of war, accidental or malicious damage, or
prohibition by governments or other legal authority). For the
avoidance of doubt, no event of force majeure as set out above shall
excuse either party from failing to comply with its payment
obligations under this agreement.
19.2 A party claiming to be unable to perform its obligations under this
agreement (either on time or at all) in any of the circumstances set
out in clause 19.1 must immediately notify the other party of the
nature and extent of the circumstances in question.
19.3 This clause 19 shall cease to apply when such circumstances have
ceased to have effect on the performance of this agreement.
19.4 If any circumstance relied on by any party for the purpose of this
clause 19 continues for more than six calendar months, the other
party shall be entitled to terminate this agreement forthwith on
provision of written notice to the other party.
20. ENTIRE AGREEMENT
20.1 This agreement constitutes the entire agreement between the parties
in connection with its subject matter.
20.2 No party has relied upon any representation or promise except as
expressly set out in this agreement.
18
21. WAIVER OF RIGHTS BASED ON MISREPRESENTATION
21.1 Each party unconditionally waives any rights it may have to claim
damages against the other on the basis of any statement made by the
other (whether made carelessly or not) not set out or referred to in
this agreement (or for breach of any warranty given by the other not
so set out or referred to) unless such statement or warranty was
trade or given fraudulently.
21.2 Each party unconditionally waives any rights it may have to seek to
rescind this agreement on the basis of any statement made by the
other (whether made carelessly or not) whether or not such statement
is set out or referred to in this agreement unless such statement
was made fraudulently.
22. ASSIGNMENT
Either party shall be permitted to assign or transfer its rights under
this agreement and subcontract or transfer its obligations under this
agreement to any associated company, group company or affiliate on the
provision of written notice to the other party. Otherwise, neither party
shall without the prior written consent of the other party assign,
transfer, charge or deal in any other similar manner with this agreement
or its rights or any part of them under this agreement, or purport to do
any of the same.
23. RELATIONSHIP OF THE PARTIES
Nothing in this agreement shall create, or be deemed to create, a
partnership between the parties. The relationship of the parties
established by this agreement is that of independent contractors, and not
an employment, agency, franchise, joint venture or any other such
relationship. Each of the parties shall conduct its respective business at
its own initiative, responsibility and expense and shall have no authority
to incur any obligations on behalf of the other party to this agreement.
24. COSTS AND EXPENSES
Except as otherwise stated in this agreement, each party shall pay its own
costs and expenses in relation to the negotiation, preparation, execution
and implementation of this agreement.
25. EXECUTION
This agreement may be executed in any number of counterparts, and by the
parties on separate counterparts, each of which when so executed shall be
an original, but all counterparts shall together constitute one and the
same instrument.
26. AMENDMENT AND WAIVER
26.1 No variation of this agreement shall be effective unless it is made
in writing, refers specifically to this agreement and is signed by
the parties.
19
26.2 No waiver of any term, provision or condition of this agreement
shall be effective except to the extent made in writing and signed
by the waiving party.
26.3 No omission or delay on the part of any party in exercising any
right, power or privilege under this agreement shall operate as a
waiver by it of any right to exercise it in future or of any other
of its rights under this agreement.
27. THIRD PARTY RIGHTS
A person who is not party to this agreement shall have no right, whether
under the Contracts (Rights of Third Parties) Xxx 0000, at common law or
otherwise howsoever, to enforce any term of this agreement.
28. LAW AND JURISDICTION
28.1 This agreement shall be governed by and construed in all respects in
accordance with English law.
28.2 The parties submit to the exclusive jurisdiction of the English
courts and agree that, in respect of proceedings in England and any
other jurisdiction, process may be served on either of them in the
manner specified for notices in clause 29.
28.3 The rights set out in this clause 28 are in addition to any other
manner of service permitted by law.
29. NOTICES
29.1 Any notice or other communication to be given under this agreement
must be in writing and may be delivered or sent by reputable
international overnight courier or facsimile transmission to the
party to be served at that party's last-known address.
29.2 Any notice or document shall be deemed served: if delivered, at the
time of delivery; if sent by courier, 72 hours after sending; and if
sent by facsimile transmission, at the time of transmission provided
a successful transmission report has been received confirming
complete transmission.
30. SURVIVORSHIP
Any provisions of this agreement stated to survive termination of this
agreement shall remain in full force and effect despite termination.
31. PRECEDENCE AND INVALIDITY
In the event of any conflict between the terms of this agreement and the
terms of any other document, the terms of this agreement shall take
precedence. The invalidity, illegality or unenforceability of any term of
this agreement shall not affect the other terms.
AS WITNESS the hands of the parties to this agreement.
20
SCHEDULE 1
Products
The Vapour compression distillation systems and derivatives, as designed and
produced by the Company.
[Diagram]
SCHEDULE 2
Territory and Market
Territory
The World
Market
The Worldwide market for non-domestic applications of the Products, solely as
set out below.
1. Material impregnation.
2. Industrial washing (excluding laundry applications).
3. Surface finishing and treatment.
SCHEDULE 3
List prices of Products
Units 1-50 $6,000-$12,000 FO Port
(target)
Units 51-100 $6,000 (target) FOB Port Port
Units 101+ to be agreed
The Company shall reduce the unit cost of Products to $6,000 as soon as
reasonably practicable.
SCHEDULE 4
Minimum purchase targets and Time Period
Target
50 Units
Time Periods
The time periods in respect of which the minimum purchase targets shall operate
shall be the successive periods of twelve calendar months commencing on each
anniversary of the date on which the first Product is received by the
Distributor pursuant to this agreement.
SCHEDULE 5
Specification
Ovation Products
Distillation Fluid Analysis Testing
On The Ovation Alpha Prototype Distiller
Prepared by:
Ovation Products Corporation
000 Xxxx Xxxxxxxxx Xxxx
Xxxxxx, XX 00000
000-000-0000
Xxxxxxxxx X. Xxxxxx
Vice President of Engineering
Xxxx Xxxxxxxxxx
Technology Development Manager
Prepared for:
Xxxxxx Xxx plc
Coventry, UK
October 9, 2002
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
1. INTRODUCTION...............................................................1
2. EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE.....................................................2
3. EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS AND DISCUSSION........................................5
4. CURRENT DRINKING WATER STANDARDS..........................................16
5. INDUSTRIAL WASTEWATER DISCHARGE STANDARDS.................................16
6. CONCLUSIONS...............................................................16
7. RECOMMENDATIONS...........................................................17
-i-
1. INTRODUCTION
Ovation Products Corporation is developing an advanced, high performance
distiller capable of purifying aqueous solutions to a very high purity level
through the use of a vapor compression distillation process. Xxxxxx Xxx plc is
interested in marketing this product for various applications and requested that
the prototype unit be used to characterize the performance of the system with
various aqueous solutions. In this regard, Ovation Products Corporation and
Xxxxxx Xxx agreed to investigate short-term testing of 11 potential fluids.
This report discusses the experimental procedure used for evaluating these
fluids and test results. Because some of the fluids were considered "very
difficult" and under long-term operation chemically incompatible and prone to
fouling of the heat exchangers, testing was performed with special consideration
being given to minimizing any potential damage to the Ovation distiller.
Of the original 11 fluids, 7 were successfully distilled in the Ovation unit.
The various fluids came from actual industrial/commercial liquid waste streams,
local water sources or were formulated from basic ingredients known to be in
such streams. A paint industry effluent source was not identified, and as such,
no testing was performed on this liquid. A photochemistry effluent was
identified, but further investigation indicated that under certain conditions,
hazardous vapors could be released. As a result, no testing was performed on
this fluid. In addition, effluent from an electronics company and soy processing
plant indicated potential heat exchanger fouling issues. Table-top distillation
testing was preformed on these two fluids, but not in the Ovation distiller.
The following table summarizes the test results.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
FLUID STATUS
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1. Impregnation Fluid (Xxxxxx Xxx Ultraseal) Successfully completed
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2. Industrial/Commercial Wash Water Effluent Successfully completed
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
3. Laundry Wash Water Effluent Successfully completed
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
4. Pond Water Successfully completed
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
5. Surface Treatment (Zinc Plating) Fluid Effluent Successfully completed
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
6. Food Industry (Soy Water) Effluent Table-top distillation
indicated potential
fouling issues. No
further testing is
planned.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
7. Salt Water (Desalination) Successfully completed
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Discussions with
chemical waste
disposal company
8. Photo Chemistry Fluid Effluent indicated potential
corrosion and
hazardous gas
emissions. No further
testing is planned.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
9. Hospital (Municipal) Water Successfully completed
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Table-top distillation
indicated potential
10. Electronics/Semiconductor Fluid Effluent fouling issues. No
further testing is
planned.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
11. Paint Industry Waste Stream Effluent Effluent not identified
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2. EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE
The testing of the fluids is being performed in a three-step process. The first
step is a basic "boil down" test wherein the fluids are heated at a low heat
flux and the water allowed to completely boil-off. The consistency of the
solution is observed during this boil-down test and the final solids, or liquid
residue measured. This test provides a worst-case scenario as to the level of
deposition/fouling that could occur within the distiller.
The second test is performed in a basic "bench-top" distiller that boils the
water and condenses the distillate in a simple air-cooled condenser. In this
test, the solution is boiled-down to 10% of the original volume, that which is
equivalent to the concentration of the concentrate in the actual Ovation
distiller. This test provides a means of observing the purity of the distillate
and concentrate before testing in the Ovation distiller. If the residue were of
a nature that would likely foul the heat exchangers in the Ovation distiller, no
further testing would be performed.
The third test is performed with the actual Ovation Alpha unit. This
developmental unit has a terminal capacity of 9 to 12 gallons per hour,
depending on the compressor drive configuration. For these tests, the compressor
was operated at an 8 gallons per hour flow rate, or three-quarter capacity, to
minimize potential operational issues that could occur while testing with these
new fluids. It is anticipated that future Beta units, with a capacity of up to
20 gallons per hour, will perform in a similar fashion.
Shown in Figure 2.1 is a flow diagram of the system and in Figure 2.2 are
photographs of the test unit. The sample water first passes through a 5 micron
filter to remove large particulates. The liquid is then heated to approximately
95 C in a counterflow heat exchanger. The heated water is again filtered in a 1
micron cartridge filter, after which it enters the distiller. The one micron
filter is used to capture particulates which have precipitated out of the
solution or viscous fluids formed while the solution was being heated. A
quantity of the concentrate, approximately one gallon per hour, is continuously
withdrawn from the unit so as not to over-concentrate the solution. Samples are
taken at the inlet to the distiller, the concentrate, and the pure distillate
outlet streams.
In operation, the unit is brought up to operating temperature using clean-water
to define a baseline condition. Then approximately 5 gallons of the sample
liquid are pumped thorough the unit in a test that lasts approximately 30
minutes. After the test is completed, clean water is again run through the unit
to washout any residual sample liquid and reconfirm the clean-water operating
performance.
2
[Diagram]
3
After testing has been completed, the fluids are analyzed for the following
properties:
1. Conductivity: A measure of the electrical resistance of the water. The
higher conductivity of the water, the more dissolved mineral salts in the
water. Distilled water has a conductivity of approximately 2-3
micromhos/cm. However, typical drinking water can easily be over 400
micromhos/cm.
2. pH: A measure of the hydrogen ion concentration of the water. Pure water
has a pH of 7.0. As water becomes acidic, the pH decreases and as it
becomes more basic, the pH increases. Distilled water has a typical pH
ranging from 6.5 to 7.5.
3. Total Dissolved Solids: A measure of the dissolved mineral salts in the
water. Total dissolved solids is also a measure of the conductivity of the
water. Primary inorganic ions that make up total dissolved solids are
calcium, magnesium, sodium, iron, manganese, bicarbonate, chloride,
sulfate, nitrate and carbonate. Pure water has a total dissolved solids
value of approximately 2 ppm, while drinking water averages between 200
and 300 ppm.
4. Total Hardness: This refers to the amount of calcium and magnesium
carbonate in the water. Calcium and magnesium carbonate can cause scaling
in piping, hot water heaters, boilers, and other appliances, especially as
the water increases in temperature. Water that has a hardness of less than
17 ppm is considered soft water while water with a hardness of 170 ppm is
considered hard water.
5. Ammonia, Nitrite, Nitrate: Nitrogen compounds are the primary nutrient of
concern in aquatic environments. While nitrogen is essential for growth
and reproduction of individual organisms, excessive amounts can result in
the general decline of ecosystems. Excessive nutrient inputs can result in
increased microalgae (algae blooms) and macroalgae (seaweed), which in
turn causes an imbalance in the species and food-chain relationship. A
level of less than 10 ppm is desired when discharging in coastal areas,
lakes and ponds.
6. Percent Solids: This is a measure of the amount of suspended and dissolved
solids in the water. It is also related to the turbidity, which is an
indication of the relative amount of suspended solids in the water.
7. Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD): Microorganisms such as bacteria are
responsible for decomposing organic material. When organic matter is
present in water, the bacteria break down the material and consume
available dissolved oxygen. Biological oxygen demand is a measure of the
oxygen used by microorganisms to decompose the organic material. If
biological oxygen demand is high, less dissolved oxygen is available in
the water for fish and other aquatic organisms. A biological oxygen demand
of less than 2 ppm is considered very good. A level above 6-9 ppm is
considered somewhat polluted.
8. Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD): Chemical oxygen demand is similar to the
biological oxygen demand except that the wastewater sample is oxidized by
a strong chemical oxidant. A value of less than 1000 ppm is considered
sufficient for disposal into a municipal drain system.
9. Power Consumption and Flow Rate: The flow rate and total power into the
compressor motor are measured and compared to the baseline, clean water
operation.
4
3. EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
The results of the validation tests are shown in the following tables. Testing
of the food industry (soy water and caustic soda) effluent and
electronics/semiconductor fluid was not performed on the Ovation distiller due
to fouling issues identified in the preliminary table-top distiller tests. No
testing of the photochemistry fluid was performed due to hazardous emissions
issues identified with this liquid. Also a representative paint effluent has not
been identified, and as such, no testing was performed.
3.1 Xxxxxx Xxx Impregnation Fluid
This fluid was provided with a stabilizer to retard polymerization during
heating. Initial boil-down testing resulted in a sticky, dark xxxxx fluid with a
residual content of approximately 0.4%. After being distilled, the concentrate
stratified into several fluid layers, from a viscous gel at the bottom to a more
fluid substance at the top. GC test results by Xxxxxx Xxx indicated a very
slight carryover of the impregnation fluid/stabilizer into the distillate, but
this was not considered by Xxxxxx Xxx to be detrimental for its reuse. It is
interesting to note that while the conductivity of the fluid decreased from
1,900 to 273 uS/cm, the COD only went from 40,000 to 17,000 ppm. While this is
too high form direct discharge to a drain, Xxxxxx Xxx indicated that is was
sufficient for reuse in the plant.
Table 3.1 Impregnation Fluid
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Impregnation Ovation Distiller
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
9/3/02 Oper. Cond. Initial Fluid Distillate Hot Filter Conc.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Conductivity (uS/cm) 1,900 273 1,850 13,100
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
pH 7.1 7.6 7.0 7.3
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Alkalinity (ppm) 8,000 270 8,000
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TDS (ppm) 1,390 210 1,380 9,000
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total Hardness 100 0 100
Test Strip (ppm)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total Hardness 168 0 144 1240
Titration (ppm)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Ammonia (ppm) 120 175 120 240
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Nitrite (ppm) 0.5 0 0.5 0
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Nitrate (ppm) 20 5 20 40
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
COD (ppm) 40,000 17,000 110,000
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
BOD (ppm)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
% Solids
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Visual Analysis xxxxx tint chemical smell turbid,
amber
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Power (xxxxx) 380
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Flow Rate (gph) 9.0
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Distiller Temp. 212
(deg F)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Impregnation Counter-top Distiller Boil Down
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
9/3/02 Distillate 10% Conc. Solids
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Conductivity (uS/cm) 130 12,000
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
pH 7.3 7.1
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Alkalinity (ppm) >300 6,000
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TDS (ppm) 90 8,000
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total Hardness 0 0
Test Strip (ppm)
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total Hardness <10 720
Titration (ppm)
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Ammonia (ppm) 1.9 500
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Nitrite (ppm) 0 0
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Nitrate (ppm) 0 0
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
COD (ppm)
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
BOD (ppm)
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
% Solids 0.391
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Visual Analysis clear turbid, amber molasses
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Power (xxxxx)
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Flow Rate (gph)
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Distiller Temp.
(deg F)
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
5
3.2 Xxxxxx Xxx Supplied Industrial Wash Water "A"
This fluid was supposed to be the wash water from a machining operation, mainly
composed of cutting fluid and detergent. During the initial boil-down test, the
resulting solids were found to be a semi-rigid, heat-setting polymer. This was
later determined by Xxxxxx Xxx to be polymerized sealant, or another polymer
that should not have been present in the water. Testing in the counter-top
distiller also resulted in a similar residue. However, when the fluid was
distilled in the Ovation distiller, the distillate was found to contain a white
precipitate, while the concentrate was a brownish looking liquid.
The conductivity of the liquid was significantly reduced, from 2300 to 60 uS/cm
and the dissolved solids reduced from 1630 to 40 ppm. While the formation of the
precipitate was unexpected, the fact that the distiller operated without any
problem was a most positive result.
Further analysis of the distillate and concentrate by Xxxxxx Xxx indicated a
very low level of contamination in the distillate. This contaminant was not
volatile with a boiling point of 197 C. The composition of this material is not
known.
It was concluded by Xxxxxx Xxx that this water was not likely to be what was
originally thought of as industrial wash water from a machining operation, and
should not be considered a viable application for further investigation.
Table 3.2 Industrial Wash Water
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Wash water "A" Ovation Distiller
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
7/17/02 Oper. Cond. Initial Fluid Distillate Hot Filter Conc.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Conductivity (uS/cm) 2,300 60 670 1,790
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
pH 7.4 5.4 5.8 6.5
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Alkalinity (ppm)
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TDS (ppm) 1,630 40 490 1,350
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total Hardness 120 240 710
Test Strip (ppm)
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total Hardness
Titration (ppm)
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Ammonia (ppm)
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Nitrite (ppm)
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Nitrate (ppm)
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
COD (ppm)
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
BOD (ppm)
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
% Solids
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Visual Analysis clear clear white clear xx xxxxx
precipitate
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Power (xxxxx) 380
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Flow Rate (gph) 8.5
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Distiller Temp. 213
(deg F)
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Table 3.2 Industrial Wash Water
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Wash water "A" Counter-top Distiller Boil Down
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
7/17/02 Distillate 10% Conc. Solids
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Conductivity (uS/cm) 75 3,535
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
pH 4.3 5.8
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Alkalinity (ppm) 0 720
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TDS (ppm) 40 1,640
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total Hardness 0 250
Test Strip (ppm)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total Hardness
Titration (ppm) <10
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Ammonia (ppm) 1.5 6
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Nitrite (ppm) 0 2
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Nitrate (ppm) 0 40
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
COD (ppm)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
BOD (ppm)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
% Solids 5
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Visual Analysis clear dk water wr. Gum xxxxx gum
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Power (xxxxx)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Flow Rate (gph)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Distiller Temp.
(deg F)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
6
3.3 Xxxxxx Xxx Supplied Industrial Wash Water "A1"
During the initial boil-down testing, a solid residue, with a solids content of
approximately 0.3% was found. The residue is very flaky in nature, similar to
that of calcium carbonate scale. The conductivity was found to be reduced from
1,570 to 2.8 ppm, and the hardness was reduced to essentially zero. The COD was
reduced from 3,000 to 470 ppm, enabling this water to be discharged directly to
a municipal drain. This represents a good application for the Ovation distiller.
Table 3.3 Industrial Wash Water
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Wash Water "A1" Ovation Distiller
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
9/3/02 Oper. Cond. Initial Fluid Distillate Hot Filter Conc.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Conductivity (uS/cm) 1,570 2.8 1,400 7,000
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
pH 8.9 6.0 8.9 9.8
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Alkalinity (ppm) 1,200 40 1,200
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TDS (ppm) 1,150 0 1,100 5,600
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total Hardness 75 0 75 0
Test Strip (ppm)
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total Hardness 96 0 70 76
Titration (ppm)
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Ammonia (ppm) 1 0.1 1.1 20
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Nitrite (ppm) 0 0 0 0
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Nitrate (ppm) 0 5 0 0
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
COD (ppm) 3,000 470 12,000
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
BOD (ppm)
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
% Solids
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Visual Analysis light milky clear milky turbid xxxxx
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Power (xxxxx) 340
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Flow Rate (gph) 8.52
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Distiller Temp. 213
(deg F)
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Table 3.3 Industrial Wash Water
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Wash Water "A1" Counter-top Distiller Boil Down
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
9/3/02 Distillate 10% Conc. Solids
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Conductivity (uS/cm) 2 178,000
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
pH 8.3 11.3
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Alkalinity (ppm) 20 8,000
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TDS (ppm) 0 14000
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total Hardness 0 0
Test Strip (ppm)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total Hardness 0 0
Titration (ppm)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Ammonia (ppm) 0.4 10
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Nitrite (ppm) 0 0
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Nitrate (ppm) 0 0
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
COD (ppm)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
BOD (ppm)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
% Solids 0.293
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Visual Analysis clear with milky white/beige flake
oily film
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Power (xxxxx)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Flow Rate (gph)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Distiller Temp.
(deg F)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
7
3.4 Ovation Products Supplied Residential/Commercial Laundry Water
This water was obtained from a residential washing machine in which all the
water used during the wash and rinse cycles was mixed together. The water had a
solids content of approximately 1.5%, and was in the form of granular solid.
When the water was run through the Ovation distiller, the conductivity was
reduced from 850 to 70 uS/cm and the total dissolved solids were reduced from
680 to 60 ppm. The hardness was reduced from 60 to less than 10 ppm. The
distillate was clear. This represents a good application for the Ovation
distiller.
Table 3.4 Laundry Wash Water
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Laundry Water Ovation Distiller
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
8/8/02 Oper. Cond. Initial Fluid Distillate Hot Filter Conc.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Conductivity (uS/cm) 850 70 2,500
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
pH 7.8 7.7 9.5
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Alkalinity (ppm) 240 40 >240
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TDS (ppm) 680 60 1,730
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total Hardness 70 25 100
Test Strip (ppm)
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total Hardness 60 <10 340
Titration (ppm)
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Ammonia (ppm) 6 6 4
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Nitrite (ppm) 0 0 0
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Nitrate (ppm) 0 0 0
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
COD (ppm) 170 <10 140 520
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
BOD (ppm)
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
% Solids
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Visual Analysis cloudy clear light
yellow
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Power (xxxxx) 380
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Flow Rate (gph) 7.68
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Distiller Temp. 214
(deg F)
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Table 3.4 Laundry Wash Water
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Laundry Water Counter-top Distiller Boil Down
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
8/8/02 Distillate 10% Conc. Solids
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Conductivity (uS/cm) 13.5 24,000
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
pH 7.4 11.3
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Alkalinity (ppm) 70 >300
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TDS (ppm) 10 11,500
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total Hardness 0 120
Test Strip (ppm)
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total Hardness <10 126
Titration (ppm)
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Ammonia (ppm) 2
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Nitrite (ppm) 0 5
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Nitrate (ppm) 0 20
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
COD (ppm)
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
BOD (ppm)
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
% Solids 0.5 1.48
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Visual Analysis clear cloudy/yellow light yellow
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Power (xxxxx)
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Flow Rate (gph)
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Distiller Temp.
(deg F)
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
8
3.5 Ovation House Pond Water
Water from a nearby pond was used for this test. This test was used to evaluate
the possibility of producing potable water from such a source. The simple
boil-down test indicated very little solids, less than 0.1% in the water. The
water would be considered mildly hard and had a conductivity similar to
municipal water, about 140 uS/cm. After being distilled in the Ovation unit, the
conductivity was reduced to less than 3 uS/cm and the hardness reduced to
essentially zero. While BOD and COD tests were not performed, data from septic
water testing, which is exceedingly more severe, showed BOD levels of 1-5 ppm
and COD levels of less than 30 ppm. These results are excellent, and demonstrate
the viability for producing drinkable water from such a source.
Table 3.5 Pond Water
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Pond Water Ovation Distiller
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
8/6/02 Oper. Cond. Initial Fluid Distillate Hot Filter Conc.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Conductivity (uS/cm) 140 2.8 140 650
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
pH 7.0 7.0 6.6 7.8
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Alkalinity (ppm) 80 40 70 80
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TDS (ppm) 120 0 110 480
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total Hardness 70 0 110 120
Test Strip (ppm)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total Hardness
Titration (ppm) 47 0 44 222
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Ammonia (ppm) 0.25 0.25 0.35 >3
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Nitrite (ppm) 0 0 0 0
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Nitrate (ppm) 0 0 0 0
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
COD (ppm) 20 20 1,300
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
BOD (ppm)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
% Solids
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Visual Analysis xxxxx tint clear dark xxxxx
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Power (xxxxx) 371.5
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Flow Rate (gph) 7.5
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Distiller Temp. 214
(deg F)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Table 3.5 Pond Water
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Pond Water Counter-top Distiller Boil Down
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
8/6/02 Distillate 10% Conc. Solids
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Conductivity (uS/cm) 10 1,675
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
pH 6.3 10.9
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Alkalinity (ppm) 80 >300
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TDS (ppm) 0 1,400
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total Hardness 15 200
Test Strip (ppm)
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total Hardness
Titration (ppm) 0 250
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Ammonia (ppm) 0.35 0
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Nitrite (ppm) 0 0
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Nitrate (ppm) 0 0
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
COD (ppm)
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
BOD (ppm)
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
% Solids <0.1
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Visual Analysis clear dark xxxxx xxxxx powder
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Power (xxxxx)
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Flow Rate (gph)
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Distiller Temp.
(deg F)
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
9
3.6 Surface Treatment Water
Water from a plating company was supplied by Xxxxxx Xxx. Initial boil-down
testing revealed a solid residue of approximately 0.1%. It was flaky in nature
and could easily be crushed. The COD level was reduced from 70 to 20 ppm. The
conductivity was reduced from 1,100 to 3 ppm with a hardness of essentially
zero. This appears to be an excellent application for the Ovation distiller.
Table 3.6 Surface Treatment Fluid
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Surface Treatment - Plating Ovation Distiller
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
9/3/2002 Oper. Cond. Initial Fluid Distillate Hot Filter Conc.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Conductivity (uS/cm) 1,100 3 860 4,900
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
pH 3.7 6.4 5.4 6.2
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Alkalinity (ppm) 200 10 0 200
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TDS (ppm) 830 0 650 3,900
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total Hardness 250 0 250 750
Test Strip (ppm)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total Hardness
Titration (ppm) 600 0
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Ammonia (ppm) 0.9 0.4 0.7 1.9
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Nitrite (ppm) 0 0 0 0
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Nitrate (ppm) 100 5 20 30
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
COD (ppm) 70 20 1,300
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
BOD (ppm)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
% Solids
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Visual Analysis yellow-green tint clear clear xxxxxx
light green
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Power (xxxxx) 380
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Flow Rate (gph) 8.5
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Distiller Temp. 213
(deg F)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Table 3.6 Surface Treatment Fluid
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Surface Treatment - Plating Counter-top Distiller Boil Down
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
9/3/2002 Distillate 10% Conc. Solids
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Conductivity (uS/cm) 4.1 12,000
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
pH 6.0 2.8
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Alkalinity (ppm) 40 25
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TDS (ppm) 0 8,000
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total Hardness 0 0
Test Strip (ppm)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total Hardness
Titration (ppm) <10 2,920
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Ammonia (ppm) 0 0.1
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Nitrite (ppm) 0 0
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Nitrate (ppm) 0 160
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
COD (ppm)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
BOD (ppm)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
% Solids 0.08
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Visual Analysis clear turbid, grey xxxxx xxxxx, flake
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Power (xxxxx)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Flow Rate (gph)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Distiller Temp.
(deg F)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
10
3.7 Food Industry Wash Water
A waste effluent was prepared to simulate wastewater from a soy milk operation
with a composition of approximately 3% soy solids and 2.5% sodium hydroxide. In
the initial boil-down test, the fluid became very foamy after 50% of the water
boiled off. The viscosity rose to syrup level and a foul odor occurred as the
liquid boiled down to a solids content of approximately 6.5%.
Testing in the table-top distiller indicated similar results. An initial 1000 ml
was placed in the table-top distiller. After 500 ml of the water was boiled-off,
the water in the distiller became very foamy. The conductivity reading of the
distillate was 240 uS/cm. The next 100 ml boiled-off was tan in color with
conductivity greater than 5,000 uS/cm. When the distillation chamber was opened,
the foaming was sufficient to carry liquid over into the distillate. The caustic
soda-soy mixture was also found highly corrosive to the copper. Consequently, no
further testing is planned with this fluid. However, recognizing the wide
variability of waste effluent streams in the food industry, this industry
remains a viable opportunity for the Ovation distiller.
Table 3.7 Food Industry Effluent
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Food (soy) Industry Ovation Distiller
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
9/3/02 Oper. Cond. Initial Fluid Distillate Hot Filter Conc.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Conductivity (uS/cm) 150,000
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
pH 11.5
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Alkalinity (ppm) 80,000
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TDS (ppm) 110,000
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total Hardness 2,500
Test Strip (ppm)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total Hardness
Titration (ppm)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Ammonia (ppm) 25
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Nitrite (ppm) 0
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Nitrate (ppm) 0
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
COD (ppm)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
BOD (ppm)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
% Solids
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Visual Analysis
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Power (xxxxx)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Flow Rate (gph)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Distiller Temp.
(deg F)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Table 3.7 Food Industry Effluent
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Food (soy) Industry Counter-top Distiller Boil Down
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
9/3/02 Distillate 10% Conc. Solids
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Conductivity (uS/cm) 240 300,000
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
pH 10.6
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Alkalinity (ppm) 3,000
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TDS (ppm) 160
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total Hardness 25
Test Strip (ppm)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total Hardness
Titration (ppm) 0
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Ammonia (ppm) 200
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Nitrite (ppm) 0
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Nitrate (ppm) 0
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
COD (ppm)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
BOD (ppm)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
% Solids 7.25
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Visual Analysis first light tan
500 ml clear
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Power (xxxxx)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Flow Rate (gph)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Distiller Temp.
(deg F)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
11
3.8 Salt Water - Desalination
For this test, salt water from the ocean was used to evaluate the capability of
the distiller to desalinate this water. It was recognized that the materials of
construction were not that which normally is required for this type of
application due to the highly corrosive nature of salt water. Initial boil-down
tests showed a salt content of approximately 3.3%, typical of ocean salt water.
Initial conductivity was 60,000 uS/cm with a total dissolved solids content of
40,000 ppm. Nevertheless, the distillate from the Ovation system was 3 uS/cm
with a total dissolved solids concentration of essentially zero. This is
exceptionally good performance. The flow rate of the system, however, was found
to decrease from approximately 8 gallons per hour to 5 gallons per hour. This
was felt due to the boiling point temperature rise of the concentrate, which
reduces the heat transfer across the heat exchanger. By increasing the flow of
the distillate from the system, this temperature rise can be reduced, and the
flow rate increased. Further testing would be required to optimize the
performance with this liquid. The highly corrosive nature of salt water would
also require careful selection of the materials of construction.
Table 3.8 Salt Water (Desalination)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Salt Water Desalination Ovation Distiller
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
8/8/02 Oper. Cond. Initial Fluid Distillate Hot Filter Conc.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Conductivity (uS/cm) 60,000 3.05 115,000 160,000
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
pH 7.6 5.8 6.5 6.5
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Alkalinity (ppm) 120 40 40 40
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TDS (ppm) 40,000 0 60,000 150,000
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total Hardness >425 0 10,000 24,000
Test Strip (ppm)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total Hardness
Titration (ppm) 0 13,200 31,000
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Ammonia (ppm) 0.25 0 0
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Nitrite (ppm) 0 0 0
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Nitrate (ppm) 0 0 0
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
COD (ppm) 120 <10 4,200
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
BOD (ppm)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
% Solids
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Visual Analysis clear clear clear light green
cloudy
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Power (xxxxx) 390
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Flow Rate (gph) 4-5.5
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Distiller Temp. 216
(deg F)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Table 3.8 Salt Water (Desalination)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Salt Water Desalination Counter-top Distiller Boil Down
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
8/8/02 Distillate 10% Conc. Solids
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Conductivity (uS/cm) 100 >5,000
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
pH 7.5 7.9
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Alkalinity (ppm) 80 80
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TDS (ppm) 0 192,000
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total Hardness 25 >425
Test Strip (ppm)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total Hardness
Titration (ppm) 10 >7,400
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Ammonia (ppm) 0.5 0.25
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Nitrite (ppm) 0 0
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Nitrate (ppm) 0 0
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
COD (ppm)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
BOD (ppm)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
% Solids 3.3
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Visual Analysis clear milky white solid
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Power (xxxxx)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Flow Rate (gph)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Distiller Temp.
(deg F)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
12
3.9 Photo Chemistry
Contacts were made with several photofinishers concerning using their effluent
for testing. Most were very resistive to supplying us their waste. Review of the
MSDS sheets indicated a mixture of chemicals that would be of concern, in
particular ammonium thiocyanate, which when in contact with a strong oxidizer or
acid, liberates a poisonous and flammable gas. A waste disposal company who
specializes in photofinishing chemistry disposal was also contacted. They
indicated that at elevated temperatures, the liquid becomes very corrosive along
with the release of hazardous vapors. Also, when 90% of the water is evaporated,
the solution becomes solid. As a result, no further testing is planned.
Table 3.9 Photo Chemistry Fluid
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Photo Chemistry Ovation Distiller
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Oper. Cond. Initial Fluid Distillate Hot Filter Conc.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Conductivity (uS/cm)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
pH
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Alkalinity (ppm)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TDS (ppm)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total Hardness
Test Strip (ppm)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total Hardness
Titration (ppm)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Ammonia (ppm)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Nitrite (ppm)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Nitrate (ppm)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
COD (ppm)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
BOD (ppm)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
% Solids
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Visual Analysis
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Power (xxxxx)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Flow Rate (gph)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Distiller Temp.
(deg F)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Table 3.9 Photo Chemistry Fluid
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Photo Chemistry Counter-top Distiller Boil Down
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Distillate 10% Conc. Solids
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Conductivity (uS/cm)
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
pH
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Alkalinity (ppm)
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TDS (ppm)
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total Hardness
Test Strip (ppm)
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total Hardness
Titration (ppm)
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Ammonia (ppm)
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Nitrite (ppm)
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Nitrate (ppm)
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
COD (ppm)
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
BOD (ppm)
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
% Solids
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Visual Analysis
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Power (xxxxx)
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Flow Rate (gph)
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Distiller Temp.
(deg F)
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
13
3.10 Hospital (Municipal) Water
For this test, the well water from the Ovation facility was used to simulate a
worst case situation of municipal water. This water is high in total dissolved
solids and relatively hard. Results showed very little solids, less than 0.02%.
The conductivity was reduced from 455 to 3 uS/cm and the hardness reduced from
over 200 to essentially zero ppm. These results are quite excellent.
Table 3.10 Hospital (Municipal) Water
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
House Water Ovation Distiller
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
8/8/02 Oper. Cond. Initial Fluid Distillate Hot Filter Conc.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Conductivity (uS/cm) 455 3 460 2,650
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
pH 7.1 6.8 8.1 9.2
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Alkalinity (ppm) 180 40 190 >300
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TDS (ppm) 350 0 360 1,885
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total Hardness 200 0 100 100
Test Strip (ppm)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total Hardness
Titration (ppm) 242 0 165
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Ammonia (ppm) 0 0 0
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Nitrite (ppm) 0 0 0 0
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Nitrate (ppm) 0 0 0 0
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
COD (ppm) 40 40 1,800
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
BOD (ppm)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
% Solids
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Visual Analysis clear clear clear xx xxxx
color
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Power (xxxxx) 365
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Flow Rate (gph) 8.1
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Distiller Temp. 214
(deg F)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Table 3.10 Hospital (Municipal) Water
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
House Water Counter-top Distiller Boil Down
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
8/8/02 Distillate 10% Conc. Solids
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Conductivity (uS/cm) 2.6 1,900
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
pH 6.0 8.1
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Alkalinity (ppm) 60 80
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TDS (ppm) 0 80
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total Hardness 0 1,390
Test Strip (ppm)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total Hardness
Titration (ppm) 0 425
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Ammonia (ppm) 0.25 510
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Nitrite (ppm) 0 0.25
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Nitrate (ppm) 5 0
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
COD (ppm)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
BOD (ppm)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
% Solids 15 0.022
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Visual Analysis clear rust color light xxxxx pwdr
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Power (xxxxx)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Flow Rate (gph)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Distiller Temp.
(deg F)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
14
3.11 Electronics/Semiconductors Fluids
A sample of effluent was supplied to Ovation from a local electronics company.
Initial boil-down testing indicated solidification of a salt-like residue after
about 50% removal of the water. As a result of potential fouling of the
distiller, no further testing is planned with this fluid. However, recognizing
that there is a wide variability of waste fluids in this industry, this
industrial sector should still be considered a potential candidate for this
system.
Table 3.11 Electronics /Semiconductor Fluids
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Electronics/Semiconductors Ovation Distiller
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Oper. Cond. Initial Fluid Distillate Hot Filter Conc.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Conductivity (uS/cm) 300,000
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
pH 7.6
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Alkalinity (ppm) 240
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TDS (ppm) 230,000
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total Hardness 250
Test Strip (ppm)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total Hardness
Titration (ppm) >3,500
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Ammonia (ppm) 7
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Nitrite (ppm) 0.5
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Nitrate (ppm) 200
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
COD (ppm)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
BOD (ppm)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
% Solids
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Visual Analysis black, cloudy
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Power (xxxxx)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Flow Rate (gph)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Distiller Temp.
(deg F)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Table 3.11 Electronics /Semiconductor Fluids
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Electronics/Semiconductors Counter-top Distiller Boil Down
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Distillate 10% Conc. Solids
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Conductivity (uS/cm) 1,500
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
pH 9.4
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Alkalinity (ppm) >240
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TDS (ppm) 1,210
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total Hardness 25
Test Strip (ppm)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total Hardness
Titration (ppm) 1.4
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Ammonia (ppm) >7
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Nitrite (ppm) 0
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Nitrate (ppm) 20
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
COD (ppm)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
BOD (ppm)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
% Solids 20.5
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Visual Analysis slightly
cloudy
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Power (xxxxx)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Flow Rate (gph)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Distiller Temp.
(deg F)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
15
3.12 Paint Industry Fluids
A suitable fluid has not been identified for this industry.
Table 3.12 Paint Industry Effluent
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Paint Industry Ovation Distiller
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Oper. Cond. Initial Fluid Distillate Hot Filter Conc.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Conductivity (uS/cm)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
pH
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Alkalinity (ppm)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TDS (ppm)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total Hardness
Test Strip (ppm)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total Hardness
Titration (ppm)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Ammonia (ppm)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Nitrite (ppm)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Nitrate (ppm)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
COD (ppm)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
BOD (ppm)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
% Solids
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Visual Analysis
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Power (xxxxx)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Flow Rate (gph)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Distiller Temp.
(deg F)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Table 3.12 Paint Industry Effluent
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Paint Industry Counter-top Distiller Boil Down
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Distillate 10% Conc. Solids
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Conductivity (uS/cm)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
pH
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Alkalinity (ppm)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TDS (ppm)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total Hardness
Test Strip (ppm)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total Hardness
Titration (ppm)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Ammonia (ppm)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Nitrite (ppm)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Nitrate (ppm)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
COD (ppm)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
BOD (ppm)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
% Solids
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Visual Analysis
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Power (xxxxx)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Flow Rate (gph)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Distiller Temp.
(deg F)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
4. CURRENT DRINKING WATER STANDARDS
Current drinking water standards are published by the U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency and are quite extensive. These standards can be found at the
following web site: xxxx://xxx.xxx.xxx/xxxxxxxxx/xxx.xxxx.
5. INDUSTRIAL WASTEWATER DISCHARGE STANDARDS
Information from Xxxxxx Xxx has indicated that at COD levels less than 900-1000
ppm, the distiller effluent may be directly discharged to a municipal wastewater
drain.
6. CONCLUSIONS
Testing of the Ovation distiller with a variety of fluids has demonstrated
excellent performance, both in water quality and energy use. No detrimental
fouling of the system components was found, even with difficult fluids such as
the initial Xxxxxx Xxx wash water and salt water. In all instances, except for
the initial Xxxxxx Xxx Wash Water "A", the quality of the distillate was found
to be excellent; very clear with a low conductivity and dissolved solids
content. Even the Wash Water "A" distillate was very clear, except for a white
precipitate. Chemical oxygen demand (COD) analyses indicated relatively low COD
levels except for the Xxxxxx Xxx impregnation fluid. However, according to
Xxxxxx Xxx, this fluid was still sufficiently pure for reuse in the process. COD
analyses of the other fluid were adequate to meet industrial wastewater
discharge standards.
16
The major issues identified during testing were that some of the fluids had the
potential to release hazardous gasses, were highly corrosive, and produced high
concentrations of precipitate that could foul the heat exchangers. Further
testing with the present design would be necessary to characterize the level of
concentrate that would enable extended operation of the distiller with high
precipitate loadings. Proper materials selection will also be required to
withstand the particular chemicals in the liquids. However, continuing
development efforts that would incorporate self-cleaning capability should
alleviate fouling issues.
The potential for producing potable water remains excellent. Design enhancements
are being incorporated into the next generation Beta system to enable the unit
to meet potable drinking water standards. This unit is also being upgraded in
capacity to achieve a flow rate of 20 gallons per hour, which should be adequate
for most water requirements.
7. RECOMMENDATIONS
Validation testing of the Ovation distiller identified a number of
industrial/commercial aqueous waste streams that were successfully distilled to
a high water purity. However, longer term testing, under actual industrial
conditions, remains to be completed. In this regard, it is recommended that
further market evaluation studies be completed to focus on a selected
application, after which the next level of extended testing would be
implemented.
17
DISTILLED WATER PURITY
Ovation Products
WATER SOURCE INFLUENT DISTILLATE CHANGE
CONDUCTIVITY, uS/cm %
MUNICIPAL WATER 455 3 99.34
POND WATER 140 3 97.85
LAUNDRY WASH WATER 850 70 91.76
SALT WATER 60,000 3 99.99
INDUSTRIAL WASTE EFFLUENT
Machining Fluid Wash Water 1,570 3 99.81
Zinc Plating Wash Water 1,100 3 99.73
18
SCHEDULE 6
Licensed Patents
US 6,238,524 B1 Rotating Plate Heat Exchanger
US 6,261,419 B1 Rotating Plate Heat Exchanger
US 6,319,408 B1 System for Processing Waste Water
US 6,328,536 B1 Reciprocating Low Pressure Ratio Compressor
US 6,423,187 B1 Heat Exchanger Mechanism Using Capillary Wipers for a Thin Film
Distiller
SCHEDULE 7
Trade Xxxx
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Country Xxxx Number Date Class Goods
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
UK Lancy 1102734 11/10/1978 11 Installations for treating effluents from
metal finishing processes.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
UK Device - Crest with cloud pattern 2005607 24/12/1994 01, 07,
09, 11,
37, 39,
40, 42
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SIGNED by Xx Xxxxxxxx Inc for and on )
behalf of Ovation Productions Corporation )
/s/ W Lockweed
SIGNED by Xxxxx X. Xxxxxx for and on )
behalf of Lancy Water Technology Limited )
/s/ Xxxxx X. Xxxxxx
