LINEAR BEHAVIOR OF A definition
LINEAR BEHAVIOR OF A. SYSTEM: THIS SIGNIFIES THAT THE RESPONSE OF THE SYSTEM IS ALWAYS DIRECTLY PROPORTIONAL TO THE INPUT (EITHER "1" OR "10") WITHOUT ANY CHANGE OF STATE OF YOUR SYSTEM (ALL PARAMETERS REMAIN LINEAR & UNCHANGED). DUE TO THE LINEARITY THESE SYSTEMS CAN BE ANALYZED "GENERICALLY" AND PERMIT LINEAR EXTRAPOLATION TOWARDS A PARTICULAR CONDITION(PREDICTION). NON-LINEAR BEHAVIOR OF A SYSTEM: THIS SIGNIFIES THAT THERE IS NO DIRECT PROPORTIONAL RESPONSE CAUSING USUALLY A CHANGE OF STATE WHICH MAKES A"SPECIFIC" INVESTIGATION AROUND THIS POINT NECESSARY. A NUMERICAL ITERATION IS NECESSARY TO APPROACH THIS POINT OF NON-LINEARITY, IT CANNOT BE PREDICTED BY LINEAR EXTRAPOLATION. B) LINEAR TIRE BEHAVIOUR: MEANS THAT THE TIRE CHANGES LINEARLY ITS MAJOR CHARACTERISTICS LIKE F.I. CORNERING STIFFNESS WITH LOAD & SLIP ANGLE. NON-LINEAR TIRE BEHAVIOUR: STARTS BECOMING NOTICEABLE USUALLY ABOVE 0,5 - 0,7 G LATERAL ACCELERATION CAUSING A NON-LINEAR CHANGE OF TIRE CORNERING STIFFNESS. THIS BEHAVIOUR CAN BE SIMULATED BY CHANGING LINEAR CHARACTERISTICS STEPWISE OVER OPERATING RANGE (=PARTIALLY LINEARIZED). C) LINEAR SUSPENSION CHARACTERISTICS: BOTH (ELASTO-)KINEMATICS & VERTICAL WHEEL RATE ARE LINEAR. NON-LINEAR WHEEL RATES (=BUMP-STOPS) PROVOKE NON-LINEAR VERTICAL FORCE REACTIONS WHICH WILL RESULT IN A DIFFERENT TIRE BEHAVIOR, EFFECTIVELY CAUSING A CHANGE OF STATE WHICH REQUIRES ITERATIONS. NOT USING BUMP-STOPS WHILST CORNERING WILL KEEP YOUR SUSPENSION LINEAR & THEREFORE THE TIRE MORE LINEAR. D) LINEAR RANGE UNDERSTEER: UNDERSTEERIN THE LINEAR RANGE OF VEHICLE DYNAMICS - THIS RANGE IS PRIMARILY DEFINED BY THE LINEAR RANGE OF THE TIRE AND CAN GO - DEPENDING ON THE TIRE - UP TO 0,7 G. THE LINEAR RANGE DEFINES ALL ON-CENTERHANDLING CHARACTERISTICS & BASIC TRANSIENT STABILITY OF A VEHICLE. IMPORTANT NOTE 1): LINEAR RANGE UNDERSTEER CANNOT BE SENSED BY DRIVERS. THE TYPICAL DRIVER SENSED UNDERSTEER IS THE NON-LINEAR RANGE UNDERSTEER. IMPORTANT NOTE 2): A VEHICLE WITHOUT LINEAR RANGE UNDERSTEER IS PHYSICALLY NOT STABLE AND CANNOT BE ANALYZED ! NON-LINEAR RANGE UNDERSTEER: UNDERSTEERIN THE RANGE WHERE EITHER TIRE OR SUSPENSION OR BOTH BECOME SIGNIFICANTLY NON-LINEAR (HIGH G-LOADS). THE NON- LINEAR UNDERSTEERBEHAVIOR AT HIGH G CAN BE SIGNIFICANTLY DIFFERENT FROM THE LINEAR RANGE AND CAN BE "UNDERSTEERING", "OVERSTEERING" OR "NEUTRAL".