DIRITTO DEL COMMERRCIO E

LA CLAUSOLA ARBITRALE

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DIRITTO DEL COMMERRCIO E

DELL’ ARBITRATO INTERNAZIONALE

FACO L TÀ DI GI URI S PRUDENZA UNI VERS I TÀ D I TRENTO

AVV. RO XXXXX XXXXX N – PRO FESSO RE A CO NTRATTO

ASSE PORTANTE DELL’ARBITRATO

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 MANIFESTAZIONE DELLA VOLONTA’ DELLE PARTI

 CLAUSOLA E COMPROMESSO

SEGUE

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 AUTONOMIA DELLA CLAUSOLA ARBITRALE

 MIDNIGHT CLAUSE: rischio di dannosi compromessi – errata scelta legge applicabile – errata scelta sede

REQUSITI SECONDO LA CONVENZIONE DI NEW YORK

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 DEVE RISULTARE DA ATTO SCRITTO

 DEVE RIGUARDARE CONTROVERSIE SORTE O CHE POSSANO INSORGERE TRA LE PARTI

SEGUE

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 LE CONTROVERSIE DEVONO RIFERIRSI AD UN RAPPORTO DETERMINATO

 LA CONTROVERSIA DEVE ESSERE ARBITRABILE

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 LE PARTI DEVONO AVERE LA PIENA CAPACITA’ AI SENSI DELLA LEGGE LORO APPLICABILE

(ART. V, 1.1.) per poter stipulare una valida clausola arbitrale

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 LA CLAUSOLA DEVE SODDISFARE I REQUISITI DI VALIDITA’ DELLA LEGGE CUI LE PARTI HANNO ASSOGGETTATO L’ARBITRATO O, IN MANCANZA DI SCELTA, DELLA LEGGE DEL LUOGO OVE IL LODO E’ STATO PRONUNCIATO

I singoli requisiti di validità: l’accordo scritto in alcuni ordinamenti

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 ART. 807 C.P.C.

 ART. 178 LEGGE DIR. INT. PRIV. SVIZZERO

 ART. 7.2 LEGGE MODELLO UNCITRAL

 ART. 1031 LEGGE TEDESCA DI RIFORMA

 ART. 1443 C.P.C. FRANCESE

Segue : L’ARBITRABILITA

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 COSA SI INTENDE PER ARBITRABILITA’ DELLA CONTROVERSIA?

 CONCETTO STRETTAMENTE CONNESSO CON I LIMITI IMPOSTI DALL’ORDINE PUBBLICO

 ORDINE PUBBLICO INTERNO E INTERNAZIONALE?

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CASS. 14.1.1982, N. 228

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 Il limite dell’ordine pubblico internazionale è rappresentato da quei principi accettati da nazioni di civiltà affine intesi alla tutela di alcuni diritti fondamentali dell’uomo, mentre l’ordine pubblico interno consiste nel complesso dei principi fondamentali che caratterizzano la struttura etico sociale della comunità nazionale in un determinato momento storico e nei principi inderogabili che sono immanenti nei più importanti istituti giuridici del nostro ordinamento.

ACCERTAMENTO DELL’ARBITRABILITA’ DELLA CONTROVERSIA

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 VALUTARE OGGETTO E CONTENUTO DELLA CLAUSOLA ARBITRALE

 ES.: le controversie non connesse che non sono richiamate nella clausola, rende le stesse non arbitrabili – arbitrato in caso di controversie sull’interpretazione del contratto

SEGUE: ACCERTAMENTO ….SECONDO QUALE LEGGE?

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 LEGGE APPLICABILE ALLA C.A.

 LEGGE DEL LUOGO OVE VIENE CELEBRATO L’ARBITRATO

 LEGGE DEL LUOGO OVE IL LODO SARA’ O POTRA’ ESSERE ESEGUITO

VALIDITA’ DELLA C.A.

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 ART. 5.1.(a) Conv. New York 1958:

“under the law to which the parties have subjected it or, failing any indication thereon, under the law of the country where the award is made”.

Il vizio di forma

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 IL VIZIO DI FORMA TOCCA LA VALIDITA’ DELLA C.A.

 IL VIZIO VA ACCERTATO SECONDO LA LEGGE APPLICABILE INDICATA DALLE PARTI O, IN ASSENZA, SI GUARDERA’ AL LUOGO SEDE

CONTENUTO DELLA DELLA C.A.

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 CRITERI DI NOMINA DEL TRIBUNALE ARBITRALE

 AUTORITA’ DI NOMINA

 NORME PROCEDURALI O RINVIO A REGOLAMENTI SPECIFICI (ICC, AAA, IBA RULES, UNCITRAL GIUDELINES, ecc..)

CONTENUTO DELLA DELLA C.A.

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 LEGGE APPLICABILE

 TERMINE PER LA PRONUNCIA DEL LODO

 LINGUA DELLA PROCEDURA

 COSTI

ESEMPI DI C.A.

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 ENGLISH LAW – ARBITRATION, IF ANY, LONDON ACCORDING ICC RULES

[contenuta in uno scambio di telex - non raccomandabile]

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 Tutte le dispute e le divergenze insorte in conseguenza del presente Accordo o ad esso collegate saranno se possibile risolte tramite trattative tra soci.

Se le dispute e le divergenze non potranno essere risolte tramite trattative, esse saranno sottoposte alla Commissione arbitrale presso la Corte Arbitrale della Camera di Commercio di Ginevra (Svizzera)

[clausola Uzbekistan]

Segue: clausola Croazia

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The parties in this Agreement shall use their reasonable endeavours to settle any dispute between them by common agreement.

Any dispute with respect to the validity, interpretation or application of this Agreement that cannot be so settled, shall be determined by the competent Swiss Court. The decision of such arbitration shall be final and binding on the parties

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The parties will try to settle the possible disputes amicably or through arbitration. If the parties can not settle the disputes through arbitration then this Agreement shall be subject to and construed in accordance with Swiss law.

 AAA:

MODELLI DI CLAUSOLE ARBITRALI ARBITRATO AMMINISTRATO

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“Any controversy or claim arising out of or relating to this contract shall be determined by arbitration in accordance with the International Rules of the American Arbitration Association. “

The parties may wish to consider adding:

a) The number of arbitrators

b) The place of arbitration

c) The language of the arbitration

ICC CLAUSE

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 ANY DISPUTES ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE PRESENT CONTRACT SHALL BE FINALLY SETTLED UNDER THE Rules

of Arbitration OF THE INTERNATIONAL

CHAMBER OF COMMERCE BY ONE OR MORE ARBITRATORS APPOINTED IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE SIAD RULES

CAMERA ARBITRALE DI MILANO

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 TUTTE LE CONTROVERSIE DERIVANTI DAL PRESENTE CONTRATTO O IN RELAZIONE ALLO STESSO SARANNO RISOLTE MEDIANTE ARBITRATO SECONDO IL REGOLAMENTO DELLA CAMERA ARBITRALE DI MILANO, DA UN ARBITRO UNICO/TRE ARBITRI, NOMINATO/I IN CONFORMITA’ A TALE REGOLAMENTO.

OPZIONALE:

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 IL TRIBUNALE ARBITRALE GIUDICHERA’ SECONDO LA LEGGE…(OPPURE: SECONDO EQUITA’).

 LA SEDE DELL’ARBITRATO SARA’ ….

 LA LINGUA DELL’ARBITRATO XXXX’ …

KUALA LUMPUR CLAUSE

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ANY DISPUTES, CONTROVERSY OR CLAIM AIRISING OUT OF OR RELATING TO THIS CONTRACT, OR THE BREACH, TERMINATION OR INVALIDITY THEREOF, SHALL BE DECIDED BY ARBITRATION IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE RULES of ARBITRATION of the KUALA LUMPUR REGIONAL ARBITRATION CENTRE.

Law and Resolution of Conflicts

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 0.1 This agreement shall be construed in acordance with the law of the State of New york.

 0.2 In case of any action by Party A (“A”) to enforce this agreement, any claim, counterclaim, or other procedural aspect of such action shall be heard, at the sole election of A, exclusively before the arbitral tribunal referred to below or exclusively before the U.S. States Court for the Southern District of New York.

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 Party B. (“B”) in case of any decision of A. to institute action before the U.S. District Court for the S. D. of New York, hereby submits to the jurisdiction of said Court. Alternatively, in case of any decision of A. to institute an action before the arbitral tribunal, X. xxxxxx agrees to comply with such election of forum, to submit to its jurisdiction, and waive any alternative forum.

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0.3 In case of any action by B. to enforce this agreement, any claim, counterclaim, or other procedural aspect of such action shall be heard, at the sole discretion of B., exclusively before the courts of general jurisdiction of Rome.

A. in case of any decision by B. to institute action before the Rome courts, hereby submits to such jurisdiction.

Alternatively, in case of any decision by X. to institute an action before the arbitral tribunal, X. xxxxxx agrees to comply with such election of forum, to submit to its jurisdiction and waive any alternative forum.

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 0. 4 - If A. does not select the U.S. District Court for the Southern Distric of New York, or if B. does not select the courts of Rome, Italy, any disputes arising from this ageement shall be submitted for settlement to Arbitration as hereinafter set forth, with its seat at Geneva, Switzerland.

 0.5.1 - The arbitration shall be established and conducted as follows:

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0.5.2 – the Party that wishes to refer the dispute to Arbitration (hereinafter the “Claimant”) shall notify the other party (hereinafter the “Respondent”), by a registered letter stating the name and the address of the arbitrator appointed by who can be a citizen of any country, and setting forth the subject of the dispute and specific reference to this agreement.

Within 30 days of receipt of the above letter, the Respondent shall appoint its arbitrator, who can be a citizen of any country, and shall inform the Claimant of such appointment by a registered letter stating the name an address of the arbitrator appointed.

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 0.5.3 - If either party fails to appoint its arbitrator in the letters referred to above, such arbitrator or arbitrators, at the request of either Party, will be appointed within 30 days of the date of the request by the President of the Chamber of Commerce of Geneva, Switzerland.

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 0.5.4 – Within 30 days of the appointment of the Respondent’s arbitrator, the two arbitrators appointed by or on behalf of the Parties shall appoint a third arbitrator who will act as Chairman of the Arbitration.

 If the two arbitrators selected by or on behalf of the Parties fail to agree upon the choice of the Chairman within 30 days after the appointment of the Respondent’s arbitrator, the Chairman will be appointed, a the request of either Party, by the President of the Chamber of Commerce of Geneva.

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 0.6 The Arbitration shall be conducted in accordance with the following rules:

 0.6.1 – The Arbitration shall be held in Geneva, Switzerland, in camera in a suitable courtroom, if such is available, or, if not, in another suitable facility.

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 0.6.2 All hearings shall be held before three arbitrators (hereinafter referred as the “Panel”).

 The hearings before the Panel shall commence as soon as possible after its appointment, and, in all events within 60 days after the appointment of the Chairman. If any aritrator shall for any reason be unable to serve throughout the arbitration, his succesors shall be immediately appointed by the Party or Parties by or on behalf of whom the arbitrator to be replaced was originally appointed.

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The arbitration proceeding will be adjourned only for that period of time necessary to so appoint a successor arbitrator and will immediately reccomence and proceed from the point of interruption to completion upon such appointment.

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 0.6.3 The rules with respect to the calling of witnesses, the taking of testimony from and the cross-examination of witnesses, and the admissibility of eidence shall be those applicable in the Canton of Geneva, Switzerland.

 0.6.4 The English language shall be used in all proceedings, including but not limited to the papers, briefs and notices filed by the Parties, oral testimony and presentations, and the awards af the Panel, which shall be in writing.

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 0.6.5 The Panel shall provide for translation into English of documents submitted in evidence or otherwise presented to the Panel which are not written in English. The cost of such translation shall be borne by the Party offering the documents.

 0.6.6 The Panel in its discretion may extend any time limits provided herein for justified reasons.

 0.6.7 Either Party shall be entitled to appear at the hearings by agents or attorneys of its choice and to be assisted by other persons of its choice

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 0.6.8. Should either Party fail without sufficient cause to appear at a hearing properly convened, the Panel shall be entitled to proceed with Arbitration in such Party’s absence.

 0.6.9 A stenographic transcript by a competent stenographer shall be taken of all proceedings before the Panel.

 0.6.10 The Claimant may file a brief with the Panel within 30 days after the end of the hearings before the Panel. A copy of the brief so filed shall be provided to the Respondent at the time of filing.

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 0.6.11 The Respondent may file a brief without 15 days after the filing of the Calimant’s brief. Within 60 days after the filing of Respondent’s brief, the Panel shall deliver by registered letter to both Parties its written award and a written opinion setting forth the reasons and facts supporting the award.

 0.6.12 The award shall be determined by a majority of votes of three arbitrators and shall state the vote of each arbitrator. The Panel shall also be entitled to make interim, interlocutory or partial awards rendered on the same manner as set forth hereinabove, during the course of the Arbitation.

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 0.6.13 The award of the Panel shall be final and binding upon the Parties, and shall not be subject to review by or appeal to any court other authority.

 0.6.14 By providing for this arbitration according to this article 0., the Parties undertake to carry out the award without delay. The award may be enforced by the successful Party in any court having jurisdiction over the unsuccessful Party or any asstes of the unsuccessful Party.

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 0.6.15 Each Party shall bear the fees, salaries or wages of, and other expenses related to, all of its agents, attorneys and other representatives who partecipate in the Arbitration on behalf of such Party and any reimbursement of travel and living expenses of any witnesses who appear on behalf of such Party.

 0.6.16 All other costs of the Arbitration, including the fees paid to the Chamber of Commerce of Geneva, the fees paid to the Panel, the fees paid for the stenographic transcript, the expenses paid for the facility in which the hearing are held, and any other expenses for the Arbitration, after determination by the Panel, shall be paid by the Parties as directed by the Panel.

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 0.6.17 In general, such other costs shall be borne by the unsuccessful Party, provrded, however, the Panel shall, in its discertion, be entitled to apportion such other costs between the Parties in any manner it deems equitable.

 0.6.18 In general, such other costs shall be borne by the unsuccessful Party, provrded, however, the Panel shall, in its discertion, be entitled to apportion such other costs between the Parties in any manner it deems equitable.

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 0.6.19 If any question related to the conduct of the Arbitration arises which is not addressed by the rules set forth in this article, that question shall be determined in accordance with the applicable rules of Arbitration of the Chamber of Commerce of Geneva, to the extent such applicable rules are not inconsistent with this article.