NPABOBA NPEPO¶A ¶OFOBOPV NPO PECCTPA]IŒ ¶OMEHHOFO IMEHI THE LEGAL NATURE OF A CONTRACT ON A DOMAIN NAME REGISTRATION

◆

УДК 347.77

NPABOBA NPEPO¶A ¶OFOBOPV NPO PECCTPA]IŒ ¶OMEHHOFO IMEHI THE LEGAL NATURE OF A CONTRACT ON A DOMAIN NAME REGISTRATION

byuat H.M., acnipanmea eaØe6pu 4ubinano-npabobux 6uc4unnin O6ecaeozo na4ionananozo ynibepcumemy imeni I.I. Meunueoba

Y ctatti ДocuiДmystacr mpaboba mpnpoДa Дofobopy mpo pesctpayid Дomehhofo imehi. HabeДeho bnsha¬ehhr Дo- fobopy mpo pesctpayid Дomehhofo imehi, haДaha nofo ynbiuaho-mpaboba xapaktepnctnka. qobeДeho, yo Дofobip mpo pesctpayid Дomehhofo imehi s Дofobopom mpo haДahhr mocuyf, cmprmobahnm ha ctbopehhr o6’skta mpaba ihteuekty- auahoï buachocti. Apfymehtobaho heo6xiДhicta sakohoДab¬ofo bДockohauehhr.

Kud¬obi cuoba: Дofobip mpo pesctpayid Дomehhofo imehi, Дomehhi imeha, Дomeh, pesctpatop, pesctpaht.

B ctatae nccueДyetcr mpabobar mpnpoДa Дofobopa o pefnctpaynn Дomehhofo nmehn. NpnbeДeho ompeДeuehne Дo- fobopa o pefnctpaynn Дomehhofo nmehn, mpeДoctabueha efo fpamДahcko-mpabobar xapaktepnctnka. qokasaho, ¬to Дo- fobop o pefnctpaynn Дomehhofo nmehn rburetcr Дofobopom o6 okasahnn ycuyf, hampabuehhɵm ha cosДahne o6aekta mpaba nhteuuektyauahon co6ctbehhoctn. Apfymehtnpobaha heo6xoДnmocta sakohoДateuahofo cobepmehctbobahnr.

Kud¬ebɵe cuoba: Дofobop o pefnctpaynn Дomehhofo nmehn, Дomehhɵe nmeha, Дomeh, pefnctpatop, pefnctpaht.

The legal nature of a contract on a domain name registration is explored in the article. A definition of a contract on a domain name registration has been described, its civil-law characteristic has been given. It is proved that a contract on a domain name registration is a contract for services, which is aimed at an intellectual property right’s object creation. The author argues the necessity of legislation improvement.

Key words: contract on a domain name registration, domain names, domain, registrar, registrant.

Noctahobıa mpo6uemm. ]ihhicta Дomehhofo imehi y cyuachomy ihØopmayiuhomy cycmiuactbi hea- 6mrk spocua. AДwe Дomehhe im’r hapasi ye he mpo- cto cykymhicta moshaueha, a «bismtha kaptka» ihtep- het-pecypcy, saci6 uofo ihДmbiДyauisayiï. Ochobhod w miДctabod ha6yttr mpaba ha Дomehhe im’r c Дofobip mpo pecctpayid Дomehhofo imehi.

Ctah ДocuiДwehhr. ¶ofobip mpo pecctpayid Дomehhofo imehi c o6’cktom ybafm hmskm haykobyib, sokpema H.I. MauДahmk, X.X. xxxxxx0x, X.X. xxXxxx- xxx, X.X. xxxxxxxx. Tak, H.I. MauДahmk, B.B. bohtua6 mpomohydta buachi bmshauehhr Дofobopy mpo pec- ctpayid Дomehhofo imehi, ДocuiДwydta uofo ictothi ymobm. M.M. byДafoba posfurДac Дofobip mpo pecctpa- yid Дomehhofo imehi rk oДmh is cmoco6ib ha6yttr mpab ha Дomehhe im’r. A.K. bmctpob beumky ybafy mpmДiurc mpoyeДypi ykuaДahhr takofo Дofobopy.

Ytim Дofobip mpo pecctpayid Дomehhofo imehi bmmafac moДauamofo ДocuiДwehhr. 3okpema, bawum- bmm c bmshaumtm mpaboby mpmpoДy Дofobopy mpo pec- ctpayid Дomehhofo imehi s ofurДy ha uofo mpeДmet ta mety ykuaДahhr.

Meta ctatti. Metod ctatti c kohctpydbahhr bmshauehhr Дofobopy mpo pecctpayid Дomeh- hofo imehi ta bmrbuehhr mpaboboï mpmpoДm takofo Дofobopy.

BmıuaД ochobhofo matepiauy. Bapto saybawmtm, yo hapasi ahi sakohoДabctbo Ykpaïhm, ahi aktm, pos- po6uehi aДmihictpatopamm Дomehib bmyofo pibhr ykpaïhcakofo cefmehta Ihtephet – o6’cДhahhrm miД- mpmcmctb «Ykpaïhcakmu mepewebmu ihØopmayiuhmu yehtp» (OM «YMI]») ta TOB «Xoctmauctep», he Дadta bmshauehhr Дofobopy mpo pecctpayid Дomeh- hofo imehi. Mpote take bmshauehhr kohctpydctacr y haykobmx ДocuiДwehhrx.

Tak, H I. MauДahmk sashauac: «3a Дofobopom mpo pecctpayid Дomehhofo imehi oДha ctopoha (pecctpa- top) so6ob’rsyctacr sa samobuehhrm ta sabДahhrm ihmoï ctopohm (pecctpahta) haДatm mocuyfm is Дeue- fybahhr ta texhiuhofo cympoboДy Дomehhmx imeh, a pecctpaht so6ob’rsyctacr omuatmtm pecctpatopy taki mocuyfm y posmipi, bmshauehomy Дofobopom» [1].

3a B.B. bohtua6om, «Дofobip mpo pecctpayid Дomehhmx imeh – ye my6uiuho-mpaboba yfoДa, sfiДho s rkod oДha ctopoha (pecctpatop) sa mebhy muaty 6epe ha ce6e o6ob’rskm sa mmcamobod (euektpohhod) sarbkod ihmoï ctopohm (pecctpahta) haДatm mocuyfm s pecctpayiï ta texhiuhofo cympoboДy Дomeha, a pec- ctpaht so6ob’rsydtacr haДatm heo6xiДhi Дur Дeue- fybahhr matepiaum, omuatmtm po6oty pecctpatopa ta bmkohybatm ihmi bmmofm, bctahobuehi aДmihictpa- topom ykpaïhcakofo hayiohauahofo Дomeha» [2].

Æk 6aummo, mosmyiï abtopib 6afato y uomy cxowi. Ha hamy Дymky, sa Дofobopom mpo pecctpa-

yid Дomehhofo imehi oДha ctopoha (pecctpatop) so6ob’rsyctacr sa sabДahhrm ihmoï ctopohm (pec- ctpahta) haДatm mocuyfm is pecctpayiï, Дeuefybahhr, texhiuhofo ta kohcyuatayiuhofo cympoboДy Дomeh- hofo imehi, a pecctpaht so6ob’rsyctacr omuatmtm pec- ctpatopy taki mocuyfm, rkyo ihme he bctahobueho Дofobopom, ta bmkohybatm ihmi o6ob’rskm, mepeД6a- uehi Дofobopom a6o sakohom.

¶ofobip mpo pecctpayid Дomehhofo imehi c Дbo- ctopohhim, ockiuakm i pecctpatop, i pecctpaht haДi- uehi bsacmhmmm mpabamm ta o6ob’rskamm, kohceh- cyauahmm, to6to takmm, yo bbawactacr ykuaДehmm s momehty Дocrfhehhr sfoДm yoДo bcix ictothmx ymob y hauewhiu Øopmi. Takmu Дofobip mowe 6ytm omuat- hmm a6o 6esomuathmm. ¶o peui, 6esomuathi Дofobopm mpo pecctpayid Дomehhofo imehi bwe sapas biДomi

mpaktmyi. Tak, mocuyfm s pecctpayiï, mepepecctpayiï, mpoДobwehhr Дomehhmx imeh haДadtacr AДmihictpa- xxxxx.XXX.XX 6es omuatm [3]. Xxxxx, xx cbiДumta mpaktmka (i s ymm mofoДwydtacr haykobyi), Дofo- bip mpo pecctpayid Дomehhofo imehi c, rk mpabmuo, my6uiuhmm ta Дofobopom mpmcДhahhr [1; 2]. Kpim yaofo, takmu Дofobip c hemoimehobahmm, aДwe bih he mepeД6auehmu aktamm ymbiuahofo sakohoДabctba, aue biДmobiДac ïx safauahmm sacaДam, i ctopohm madta mpabo ykuactm uofo biДmobiДho Дo u. 1 ct. 6 ]mbiua- hofo koДekcy Ykpaïhm [4, u. 1 ct. 6].

⎝oДo mpaboboï mpmpoДm Дofobopy mpo pecctpayid Дomehhofo imehi bapto saybawmtm take. TpaДmyiuho y haykobiu uitepatypi takmu Дofobip mpomohyctacr biДhocmtm Дo Дofobopib mpo haДahhr mocuyf [1; 2]. Bmshauehhr Дofobopy mpo pecctpayid Дomehhofo imehi rk Дofobopy mpo haДahhr mocuyf Дac smofy mommpmtm ha haofo biДmobiДhi hopmm ]mbiuahofo koДekcy Ykpaïhm. Ha hamy Дymky, taka mosmyir c safa- uom bmmpabДahod. Ha kopmcta sashauehofo miДxoДy habeДemo apfymehtm. Mo-mepme, sa Дofobopom mpo pecctpayid Дomehhofo imehi pecctpatop haДac pec- ctpahty mocuyfm s pecctpayiï, Дeuefybahhr, kohcyua- tayiuhofo ta texhiuhofo cympoboДy Дomehhofo imehi. Mo-Дpyfe, taki mocuyfm cmowmbadtacr y mpoyeci ïx haДahhr. Hapemti, xxxx heposДiuaho mob’rsahi s bmkohabyem. Otwe, yce ye cbiДumta mpo te, yo Дofo- bip mpo pecctpayid Дomehhofo imehi mowha bbawatm Дofobopom mpo haДahhr mocuyf.

Pasom s tmm taka mosmyir he mobhod mipod pos- kpmbac mpaboby mpmpoДy ДocuiДwybahofo Дofobopy, aДwe he Дac smofy bpaxybatm ochobhy mety uofo ykua- Дahhr. Ha hamy Дymky, pecctpaht sayikabuehmu mepe- Дycim y otpmmahhi Дomehhofo imehi, uofo ctbopehhi. Take ctbopehhr Øaktmuho biД6ybactacr murxom pec- ctpayiï Дomehhofo imehi pecctpatopom. Otwe, bha- cuiДok haДahhr mocuyf s pecctpayiï Дomehhofo imehi Øaktmuho bmhmkac hobmu o6’ckt – pesyuatat ihteuek- tyauahoï Дiruahocti (Дomehhe im’r). Takmu pesyuatat c he mpocto cymythim haДahmm mocuyfam. Otpmmahhr Дomehhofo imehi, uofo ctbopehhr (pecctpayir) – ocho- bha meta yaofo Дofobopy.

¶ur moДauamofo ДocuiДwehhr mpaboboï mpmpoДm Дofobopy mpo pecctpayid Дomehhofo imehi bawumbo symmhmtmcr ha mmtahhi mpaboboï mpmpoДm camofo Дomehhofo imehi ta mepeДycim s’rcybatm, um mowha bbawatm Дomehhe im’r o6’cktom mpaba ihteuektyaua- hoï buachocti.

3 yicd metod cuiД sbephytmcr Дo bmshauehhr mohrttr «o6’ckt mpaba ihteuektyauahoï buachocti». factmha 1 ctatti 418 ]mbiuahofo koДekcy Ykpaïhm sashauac: «Mpabo ihteuektyauahoï buachocti – ye mpabo oco6m ha pesyuatat ihteuektyauahoï, tbopuoï Дiruahocti a6o ha ihmmu o6’ckt mpaba ihteuektyaua- hoï buachocti, bmshauehmu ymm KoДekcom ta ihmmm sakohom» [4, u. 1 ct. 418]. 3biДcm o6’ckt mpaba ihte- uektyauahoï buachocti – ye pesyuatat ihteuektyaua- hoï, tbopuoï Дiruahocti a6o ihmmu o6’ckt, bmshaue- hmu ]mbiuahmm koДekcom Ykpaïhm ta ihmmm sakohom [5, c. 69]. Ctattr 420 ]mbiuahofo koДekcy Ykpaïhm mictmta mepeuik o6’cktib mpaba ihteuektyauahoï buac-

hocti [4, ct. 420]. OДhak bih he c bmuepmhmm. AДwe he mowha mepeД6aumtm, rki ye o6’cktm s’rburtacr s posbmtkom udДctba. Bapto takow miДkpecumtm, yo mohrttr «o6’ckt mpaba ihteuektyauahoï buachocti» c 6iuam bysakmm mohrttrm, hiw «o6’ckt ymbiuahmx mpab». AДwe pesyuatatm ihteuektyauahoï, tbop- uoï Дiruahocti, rki s tmx um ihmmx mpmumh he ctaum o6’cktom oxopohm mpaba ihteuektyauahoï buachocti, mowyta 6ytm bmshahi o6’cktamm ymbiuahofo mpaba, aue he mpaba ihteuektyauahoï buachocti [6, c. 709]. Takmm umhom, o6’cktom mpaba ihteuektyauahoï buac- hocti c takmu o6’ckt ymbiuahmx mpab, yo rburc co6od pesyuatat ihteuektyauahoï, tbopuoï Дiruahocti (sako- hoДabeya ДoДac – ihmmu o6’ckt mpaba ihteuekty- auahoï buachocti) ta bmshauehmu rk takmu sakohom [5, c. 69–70].

BiДtak Дur tofo yo6 bmshaumtm, um c Дomehhe im’r o6’cktom mpaba ihteuektyauahoï buachocti, Дoyiuaho posi6patmcr, um biДmobiДac boho bmyesas- hauehmm oshakam. besymobho, Дomehhe im’r c pesyua- xxxxx mebhoï ihteuektyauahoï Дiruahocti. AДwe, pos- po6urdum uofo, oco6a bhocmta cbod ihteuektyauahy mpayd. Octahhr sa cuobhmkobmm bmshauehhrm rburc co6od mpayd, «miД uac sДiuchehhr rkoï po6oumm opfahom, yo ctbopdc mpoДykt, c mosok, mepebawadta bmtpatm posymoboï ehepfiï, mpoДyktom mpayi c bmpa- weha ha mamepi Дymka (iДer) Дur mepeДaui ihmmm a6o btiuehhr y uomyca» [7]. Ha hamy Дymky, ye bmsha- uehhr motpe6yc Дerkofo kopmfybahhr, 6iuam bДauo uofo cuiД ckohctpydbatm tak: «Ihteuektyauaha mpayr (Дiruahicta) – mpayr (Дiruahicta), miД uac sДiuchehhr rkoï po6oumm opfahom, yo ctbopdc mpoДykt, c mosok, mepebawadta bmtpatm posymoboï ehepfiï, mpoДyktom mpayi c Дymka (iДer), bmpaweha y Øopmi, mpmДathiu Дur mepeДaui ihmmm a6o btiuehhi y uomyca» [5, c. 70]. I came takoï mpayi (Дiruahocti) motpe6yc pospo6ka Дomehhofo imehi.

⎝o w Дo tofo, um bouoДic Дomehhe im’r Дpyfod oshakod, heo6xiДhod Дur bmshahhr uofo o6’cktom mpaba ihteuektyauahoï buachocti, to6to um bmshaho boho rk takmu o6’ckt sakohom, bapto biДshaumtm, yo tyt cmtyayir sobcim heoДhoshauha [5, c. 70]. Tak, rkyo miД cuobom «sakoh» posymitm hopmatmbho-mpa- bobmu akt, mpmuhrtmu b oco6umbomy moprДky opfa- hom sakohoДabuoï buaДm a6o ha peØepehДymi, yo bouoДic bmyod dpmДmuhod cmuod ta pefyudc hau- 6iuam bawumbi cycmiuahi biДhocmhm [8], to bapto kohctatybatm, yo woДhmm sakohom Дomehhe im’r rk o6’ckt mpaba ihteuektyauahoï buachocti he bmshaueho [5, c. 70]. Mpote mohrttr «sakoh» mowha takow posy- mitm y mmpokomy shauehhi rk safauahmu tepmih, rkmm bmshauadtacr bci hopmatmbho-mpabobi aktm [9, c. 76]. ToДi mowha ctbepДwybatm, yo Дomehhe im’r c o6’cktom mpaba ihteuektyauahoï buachocti. AДwe boho bmshaho PosmoprДwehhrm Ka6ihety Mihictpib Ykpaïhm «Mpo cxbauehhr Kohyemyiï peØopmybahhr Дepwabhoï cmc- temm mpaboboï oxopohm ihteuektyauahoï buachocti b Ykpaïhi» biД 1 uepbhr 2016 poky ¼ 402-p [10].

Bmmafac ДocuiДwehhr takow mmtahhr: um mowha bbawatm, yo Дomehhe im’r rk o6’ckt mpaba ihteuek- tyauahoï buachocti otpmmauo bmshahhr b Ykpaïhi

s bmshahhrm uofo takmm Pimehhrm Cbpomeucakofo cyДy s mpab udДmhm y cmpabi PAEFFGEN GMBH mpotm Himeuumhm biД 18 bepechr 2007 poky [11]. AДwe biДmobiДho Дo ct. 17 3akohy Ykpaïhm «Mpo bmkohahhr pimeha ta sactocybahhr mpaktmkm Cbpo- meucakofo cyДy s mpab udДmhm» «cyДm sactocobydta miД uac posfurДy cmpab Kohbehyid ta mpaktmky CyДy rk Дwepeuo mpaba» [12, ct. 17]. Takmm umhom, posfur- Дadum mohrttr «sakoh» y mmpokomy cehci, habprД um bmmpabДaho o6mewybatmcr umme hopmatmbho-mpabo- bmmm aktamm. biuame tofo Дocmta apfymehtobahod mowha bbawatm mosmyid O.C. Mofpe6hrka, rkmu ДoxoДmta bmchobky mpo te, yo pimehhr Cbpomeu- cakofo cyДy s mpab udДmhm y tmx bmmaДkax, xxxx xxxx ctocydtacr tuymauehhr Kohbehyiï mpo saxmct mpab udДmhm i ochobomouowhmx cbo6oД, madta mepebafy mepeД hayiohauahmm sakohoДabctbom uepes te, yo cama Kohbehyir mpo saxmct mpab udДmhm i ochobomo- uowhmx cbo6oД rk miwhapoДhmu Дofobip mac mpiopm- tet haД hayiohauahmmm sakohamm [13, c. 158].

Mpote takmu bmchobok c omocepeДkobahmm, yo cbiД- umta mpo harbhicta mpofaumhm y mpabi ta heo6xiДhicta ïï samobhehhr ha pibhi sakohy (y bysakomy cehci yaofo mohrttr) oДhoshauhod (mm bbawacmo – mosmtmbhod) biДmobiДДd ha sammtahhr: «fm c Дomehhe im’r o6’cktom mpaba ihteuektyauahoï buachocti?» [5, c. 70].

Otwe, Øaktmuho Дomehhe im’r c o6’cktom mpaba ihteuektyauahoï buachocti, oДhak Øopmauaha cto- poha mpo6uemm Дoci he bmpimeha. Ta, mokm sakoho- Дabeya ye he bctmf bpefyudbatm biДhocmhm y cØepi Дomehhmx imeh, y dpmДmuhiu hayyi Дomehhe im’r bwe Дabho ctauo o6’cktom ДocuiДwehhr, i hafouomyctacr ha tomy, yo sa cbocd mpabobod mpmpoДod Дomehhe im’r ha6umweho Дo o6’cktib mpaba ihteuektyauahoï buachocti [2].

Otwe, s mebhod mipod ymobhocti Дomehhe im’r mowha biДhectm Дo o6’cktib mpaba ihteuekty- auahoï buachocti. Mofo octatouhe bmshahhr takmm ha pibhi sakohy ta haДahhr takomy o6’ckty biДmobiД- hoï mpaboboï oxopohm – sabДahhr Дur bДockohauehhr bitumshrhofo sakohoДabctba.

Ækyo bmxoДmtm s bmyehabeДehofo mpaboposy- mihhr Дomehhofo imehi, bapto kohctatybatm, yo ochobha meta Дofobopy pecctpayiï Дomehhofo imehi – Øaktmuho ctbopehhr o6’ckta mpaba ihteuektyauahoï buachocti. Taka yiua he mowe he bmumbatm ha mpaboby mpmpoДy ДocuiДwybahofo Дofobopy. Otwe, bih bmcty- mac Дofobopom mpo haДahhr mocuyf, yo cmprmobahmu ha ctbopehhr o6’ckta mpaba ihteuektyauahoï buac- hocti.

¶ur tofo yo6 s’rcybatm momeht, s rkofo bmhmkac Дomehhe im’r rk hobmu camoctiuhmu o6’ckt, ta, biД- mobiДho, momeht, s rkofo bmhmkadta mpaba ha haofo, oxapaktepmsycmo mpoyec ctbopehhr Дomehhofo imehi. MepeДycim pecctpaht pospo6urc 6awahe Дomehhe im’r. 3afauahobiДomo, yo biД tofo, hackiuakm Дomehhe im’r 6yДe uefkmm Дur samam’rtobybahhr, biДmobiДa- tmme ihØopmayiï, yo posmiyeha ha cauti, rky boho moshauac, mpoctmm Дur bbeДehhr b aДpechy ctpoky, mpmba6umbmm Дur kopmctybauib mepewi Ihtephet, sauewmta biДbiДybahicta cauty, aktmbhicta ha haomy,

◆

a otwe, uofo momyurphicta. 3 ofurДy ha te, yo 6es- uiu cautib mictrta pekuamy tobapib um mocuyf, o6uaД- hahi miД ohuauh-mafasmhm, ihmmm umhom bmkopmcto- bydtacr s komepyiuhod metod, momyurphicta cauty Дywe bawumba [14, c. 98]. Oca uomy bДaue pospo- 6uehhr Дomehhofo imehi mac bafome shauehhr. Ytim y momeht, koum pecctpaht bmshaumbcr, rke Дomehhe im’r c 6awahmm Дur haofo, buache Дomehhe im’r rk oxopohdbahmu o6’ckt mpaba ihteuektyauahoï buac- hocti ye he bmhmkac. BiДmobiДho Дo 3akohy Ykpaïhm

«Mpo oxopohy mpab ha shakm Дur tobapib i mocuyf»

«Дomehhe im’r – im’r, yo bmkopmctobyctacr Дur aДpe- cayiï komm’dtepib i pecypcib b Ihtepheti» [15, a6s. 15 ct. 1]. Otwe, Дur tofo yo6 Дomehhe im’r biДmobi- Дauo uefauahomy bmshauehhd, boho mac 6ytm mepeДy- cim sapecctpobahe. ¶o takoï pecctpayiï mowha bectm moby umme mpo yhikauahmu ha6ip cmmbouib, a he mpo Дomehhe im’r. Pasom s tmm takmu ha6ip cmmbouib mowe 6ytm o6’cktom abtopcakofo mpaba, rkyo bih mac tbopumu xapaktep. Ta y 6yДa-rkomy pasi takmu ha6ip cmmbouib he mowha bbawatm Дomehhmm im’rm Дo sДiu- chehhr biДmobiДhoï pecctpayiï. Otwe, Дomehhe im’r rk o6’ckt bmhmkac y momeht uofo pecctpayiï, biДmobiДho, y momeht pecctpayiï Дomehhofo imehi pecctpaht ha6y- bac mpaba ha haofo.

PosfurД Дofobopy mpo pecctpayid Дomehhofo imehi rk ochobhoï miДctabm ha6yttr mpab ha Дomehhe im’r ctabmta mmtahhr mpo mowumbicta sactocybahhr Дo takofo Дofobopy hopm mpaba ihteuektyauahoï buachocti. Ækyo sbephytmcr Дo fuabm 75 ]mbiuahofo koДekcy Ykpaïhm «PosmoprДwahhr mauhobmmm mpa- bamm ihteuektyauahoï buachocti», ctac sposymiuo, yo takmu Дofobip he mowha biДhectm Дo Дofobopib, mepeД6auehmx m. 1, 2, 3, 5 u. 1 ct. 1107 ]mbiuahofo

koДekcy Ykpaïhm [4, m. 1-3, 5 u. 1 ct. 1107]. AДwe, rk sashauauocr pahime, mpaba ha Дomehhe im’r bmhmka- dta tiuakm s momehty uofo pecctpayiï.

⎝o ctocyctacr Дofobopy mpo ctbopehhr sa samob- uehhrm i bmkopmctahhr o6’ckta mpaba ihteuektyaua- hoï buachocti bapto saybawmtm take. BiДmobiДho Дo

u. 1 ct. 1112 ]mbiuahofo koДekcy Ykpaïhm «sa Дofo- bopom mpo ctbopehhr sa samobuehhrm i bmkopmc- tahhr o6’ckta mpaba ihteuektyauahoï buachocti oДha ctopoha (tbopeya – mmcamehhmk, xyДowhmk toyo) so6ob’rsyctacr ctbopmtm o6’ckt mpaba ihteuektyaua- hoï buachocti biДmobiДho Дo bmmof Дpyfoï ctopohm (samobhmka) ta b yctahobuehmu ctpok» [4, u. 1 ct. 1112]. Take Øopmyudbahhr yicï hopmm he Дac smofy momm- pmtm ïï ha pefyudbahhr biДhocmh yoДo Дofobopy mpo pecctpayid Дomehhofo imehi. Mosark biДomo, yo tbopeya – ye oco6a, tbopuod, ihteuektyauahod mpayed rkoï ctbopeho o6’ckt mpaba ihteuektyauahoï buachocti. Mo cyti y ctbopehhr Дomehhofo imehi cbod ihteuektyauahy mpayd bhocmta pecctpaht. Pecctpatop umme sДiuchdc heo6xiДhi Дiï yoДo pecctpayiï Дomeh- hofo imehi, a tomy bih he c tbopyem takofo o6’ckta. Pasom s tmm pecctpaht 6es biДmobiДhmx Дiu s 6oky pec- ctpatopa he mowe camoctiuho ctbopmtm Дomehhe im’r. Otwe, bih motpe6yc pecctpayiï pospo6uehofo hmm moshauehhr pecctpatopom. Pecctpayir o6’ckta c bmpi- mauahmm etamom uofo ctbopehhr. I yeu etam bmkohyc

83

came pecctpatop. 3 ofurДy ha bce bmyesashauehe, bba- wacmo Дoyiuahmm bhectm smihm Дo u. 1 ct. 1112 ]mbiua- hofo koДekcy Ykpaïhm ta bmkuactm ïï y takiu peДakyiï:

«3a Дofobopom mpo ctbopehhr ha samobuehhr i bmko- pmctahhr o6’ckta mpaba ihteuektyauahoï buachocti oДha ctopoha (bmkohabeya) so6ob’rsyctacr ctbopmtm o6’ckt mpaba ihteuektyauahoï buachocti biДmobiДho Дo bmmof Дpyfoï ctopohm (samobhmka) ta b yctahobue- hmu ctpok». Kpim tofo, bbawacmo heo6xiДhmm Дomo- bhmtm u. 3 ct. 1112 ]mbiuahofo koДekcy Ykpaïhm a6sa- yom 2: «Mpaba ihteuektyauahoï buachocti ha Дomehhe im’r hauewata pecctpahty Дomehhofo imehi s momehty uofo pecctpayiï». Take mouowehhr yiukom biДmobiДa- tmme tomy Øakty, yo Дomehhe im’r pospo6urctacr ihteuektyauahod mpayed pecctpahta i xoua Øaktmuho pecctpatop i ctbopdc takmu o6’ckt mpaba ihteuekty- auahoï buachocti, s ofurДy ha umme texhiuhmu xapak- tep cboïx Дiu woДhmx mpab ha haofo bih ha6ybatm he mowe. Xxxx, Дo momehty pecctpayiï Дomehhofo imehi woДhmx mauhobmx mpab ha haofo 6ytm he mowe, aДwe, buache, Дomehhe im’r ye he ctbopeho, a s momehty takoï pecctpayiï yi mpaba hauewata bmkuduho pec- ctpahty.

Bapto saybawmtm, yo habita is ypaxybahhrm mpo- mohobahmx smih Дo sakohoДabctba Дofobip mpo pec- ctpayid Дomehhofo imehi he mowe yiukom oxomud- batmcr Дofobopom mpo ctbopehhr ha samobuehhr i bmkopmctahhr o6’ckta mpaba ihteuektyauahoï buac- hocti. AДwe mocuyfm pecctpatopa he o6mewydtacr umme pecctpayicd Дomehhofo imehi. Tak, pecctpatop takow mac sДiuchdbatm heo6xiДhmu texhiuhmu i koh- cyuatayiuhmu cympobiД Дomehhofo imehi. Yce ye cbiД- umta mpo smimahy mpmpoДy Дofobopy mpo pecctpayid Дomehhofo imehi, rkmu mowha oxapaktepmsybatm rk

Дofobip mpo haДahhr mocuyf, cmprmobahmu ha ctbo- pehhr o6’ckta mpaba ihteuektyauahoï buachocti.

Bmchobım. Ochobhod miДctabod bmhmkhehhr mpaba ha Дomehhe im’r c Дofobip mpo pecctpayid Дomehhofo imehi. 3a Дofobopom mpo pecctpayid Дomeh- hofo imehi oДha ctopoha (pecctpatop) so6ob’rsyctacr sa sabДahhrm ihmoï ctopohm (pecctpahta) haДatm mocuyfm is pecctpayiï, Дeuefybahhr, texhiuhofo ta kohcyuatayiuhofo cympoboДy Дomehhofo imehi, a pecctpaht so6ob’rsyctacr omuatmtm pecctpatopy taki mocuyfm, rkyo ihme he bctahobueho Дofobopom, ta bmkohybatm ihmi o6ob’rskm, mepeД6auehi Дofo- bopom a6o sakohom. Takmu Дofobip c Дboctopohhim, kohcehcyauahmm, omuathmm a6o 6esomuathmm. Bih c, rk mpabmuo, my6uiuhmm ta Дofobopom mpmcДhahhr. 3a cbocd mpabobod mpmpoДod Дofobip mpo pecctpayid Дomehhofo imehi hauewmta Дo Дofobopib mpo haДahhr mocuyf.

Pasom s tmm bpaxybahhr ochobhoï metm ykuaДahhr takofo Дofobopy, rkod bmctymac pecctpayir (Øaktmuho ctbopehhr) Дomehhofo imehi, Дac smofy oxapaktepm- sybatm uofo rk Дofobip mpo ctbopehhr ha samobuehhr i bmkopmctahhr o6’ckta mpaba ihteuektyauahoï buac- hocti. Ytim mouowehhr ct. 1112 ]mbiuahofo koДekcy Ykpaïhm he Дadta smofy oxommtm mpabobe pefyud- bahhr Дofobopib mpo pecctpayid Дomehhmx imeh. Is ofurДy ha ye Дoyiuaho, mo-mepme, bmshatm Дomehhe im’r o6’cktom mpaba ihteuektyauahoï buachocti ha pibhi sakohy, mo-Дpyfe, bhectm biДmobiДhi smihm Дo ct. 1112 ]mbiuahofo koДekcy Ykpaïhm. BДockohauehhr sakohoДabctba y yiu cØepi Дacta smofy mpmbectm uofo y biДmobiДhicta Дo bmmof caofoДehhr, bpefyud- batm biДhocmhm, yo bmhmkadta s mpmboДy ctbopehhr Дomehhmx imeh.

CNNCOK BNKOPNCTAHNX ¶MEPEu:

1. XxxXxxxx X. 3Дinchehhr mpaba ha Дomehhe im’r b mepemi Ihtephet. ªpnДn¬ha Ykpaïha. 2009. ¼ 7 (79). C. 62–67.

2. bohtua6 B.B. ⎝nbiuaho-mpabobe pefyudbahhr Дomehhnx imeh: abtope$. Дnc. … kahД. dpnД. hayk: 12.00.03. K., 2006. 15 c.

3. uacti samntahhr. TOB «Xoctmanctep». URL: xxxx://xxx.xxx.xx/xxx.xxxx (Дata sbephehhr: 28.11.2018).

4. ⎝nbiuahnn koДekc Ykpaïhn: 3akoh Ykpaïhn biД 16.01.2003 p. ¼ 435-IV si sm. ta Дom., bhec. sf. is sakohamn Ykpaïhn; ctahom ha 04.11.2018 p. URL: xxxx://xxxxx0.xxxx.xxx.xx/xxxx/xxxx/000-00 (Дata sbephehhr: 28.11.2018).

5. byuat H.M. Nohrttr Дomehhofo imehi rk o6’skta mpaba ihteuektyauahoï buachocti. TehДehyiï i mepcmektnbn posbntky ihctn- tytib mpaba ta Дepmabn: s6iphnk matepiauib MimhapoДhoï dpnДn¬hoï haykobo-mpaktn¬hoï koh$epehyiï «Aktyauaha dpncmpyДeh- yir», m. Knïb, 19 kbithr 2018 poky. Matepiaun I Bceykpaïhcaknx haykobnx ¬ntaha mam’rti akaДemika C. qhictprhcakofo, m. Tepho- miua, 13–14 kbithr 2018 poky. Tesn haykobnx ДomobiДen. Knïb-Tephomiua: BN⎝ «Ekohomi¬ha Дymka», 2018. 297 c. C. 69–71.

6. Haykobo-mpaktn¬hnn komehtap ⎝nbiuahofo koДekcy Ykpaïhn: y 2 t. 5-te bnД., mepepo6. i Дomob. / sa peД. X.X. xxxxx (kep. abt. kou.), H.C. Kyshsyoboï, B.B. uyyr. K.: ªpihkom Ihtep, 2013. T. I. 832 c.

7. 3kohomn¬ecknn cuobapa / NoД peД. A.N. Apxnmoba. M.: Npocmekt, 2001. 620 c.

8. 3an¬yk O.B. Teopir Дepmabn i mpaba. AkaДemi¬hnn kypc: miДpy¬hnk / O.B. 3an¬yk, H.M. Ohnyehko. Knïb: ªpihkom Ihtep, 2006. 688 c.

9. Cab¬nh M.B. Kohctntyyinhe mpabo Ykpaïhn: miДpy¬hnk / biДm. peД. mpo$., Д. d. h. X.X. xxxxxxxxxx. K.: Npaboba sДhicta, 2009. 1008 c.

10. Npo cxbauehhr Kohyemyiï posbntky teuekomyhikayin b Ykpaïhi: PosmoprДmehhr Ka6ihety Mihictpib Ykpaïhn biД 07.06.2006 p.

¼ 316-p si sm., bhec. sf. s PosmoprДmehhrm Ka6ihety Mihictpib Ykpaïhn ¼ 1612-p biД 27.12.2008 p.; ctahom ha 27.12.2008 p. URL: xxxx://xxxxx0.xxxx.xxx.xx/xxxx/xxxx/000-0000-x (Дata sbephehhr: 28.11.2018).

11. DECISIONAS TO THE ADMISSIBILITY OF Application nos. 25379/04, 21688/05, 21722/05 and 21770/05 by PAEFFGEN GMBH against Germany: European Court of Human Rights (Fifth Section), 18 September 2007. URL: http://xxxxx.xxxx.xxx.xxx/eng#{

%22dmdocnumber%22:[%22824480%22],%22itemid%22:[%22001-82671%22]} (Дata sbephehhr: 28.11.2018).

12. Npo bnkohahhr pimeha ta sactocybahhr mpaktnkn Cbpomencakofo cyДy s mpab udДnhn: 3akoh Ykpaïhn biД 23.02.2006 p.

¼ 3477-IV si sm. ta Дom., bhec. sf. is sakohamn Ykpaïhn ctahom ha 02.12.2012 p. URL: xxxx://xxxxx0.xxxx.xxx.xx/xxxx/xxxx/0000- 15 (Дata sbephehhr: 28.11.2018).

13. Nofpe6hrk O.C. Pimehhr Cbpomencakofo cyДy s mpab udДnhn rk ¬actnha hayiohauahofo sakohoДabctba. Aktyauahi mpo- 6uemn Дepmabn i mpaba. 2014. ¼ 71. C. 154–161.

14. byuat H.M. Nohrttr 6pehДobofo ki6epckbotnhfy ta murxn 6opota6n s hnm. Bichnk OДecakofo hayiohauahofo yhibepcntety imehi I. I. Me¬hnkoba. Cepir «Npaboshabctbo». 2018. T. 23. Bnm. 1 (32). C. 98–110.

15. Npo oxopohy mpab ha shakn Дur tobapib i mocuyf: 3akoh Ykpaïhn biД 15.12.1993 ¼ 3689-XII si sm. ta Дom., bhec. sf. is xxxx- xxxx Ykpaïhn; ctahom ha 21.05.2015 p. URL: xxxx://xxxxx0.xxxx.xxx.xx/xxxx/xxxx/0000-00 (Дata sbephehhr: 28.11.2018).