Contract

URUKIKO RUKURU RW’UBUCURUZI RURI I KIGALI RUHABURANISHIRIZA KU RWEGO RWA MBERE, RUCIYE URUBANZA R COM 0226/10/HCC KU WA 29/07/2011 MU BURYO BUKURIKIRA :

HABURANA

XXX X XXXXXX “IKT CONSULTING LTD”, ibarizwa 00, Xxxxxxxxxx Xxxx Xxxxxx XXX 0 XX, Xxxxx Xxxx, Xxxxxx, Xxxxxxx Xxxxxxxxxx, Xxxxxx Xxxxxxx, ahagarariwe na Me Xxxxx Xxxxxxxxxxx UREGA

XXXX XXXXX, utuye Gishushu, Nyarutarama, Remera, Gasabo, Umujyi wa Kigali UREGWA

IKIREGO : - Umwenda wa 4, 990,000

- Igihembo cya 80,000 USD

- Gusubizwa 500,000 Frw

- Inyungu za 549,000 Frw-

- Ikurikirana-rubanza 500,000 Frw

- Igihembo cy’Avoka 5,000,000 Frw

I. IMITERERERE Y’URUBANZA MU NCA MAKE

[1] IKT CONSULTING Ltd yagiranye amasezerano ya cunsultance na ALAM XXXXX xxxxx ayo masezerano ntabwo yanditswe mu buryo bukwiriye, agaragazwa gusa n’amabaruwa bagiye bandikirana bakoresheje umurongo wa internet. Mu

xxxxx xxxxxxxx, xxxx xxxxxxx ya Xxx X XXXXXX yo ku wa 27/11/2009 yohereje XXXX XXXXX amubwira ko ashimangira ko amafaranga agomba guhembwa ahwanye na 50,000 Pound sterling (amafaranga y’Ubwongereza) buri mwaka, akayahembwa mu mezi 12, ni ukuvuga 4,167 Pound sterling ku kwezi, amubwira n’izindi avantages asaba. Mu baruwa XXXX XXXXX yamusubije ku wa 09/12/2009, yamubwiye ko bazabivuganaho.

[2] Usibye ayo mabaruwa, nta yindi yemeza icyo ababuranyi bemeranije ku bijyanye n’ibyo Xxx X XXXXXX yagombaga gukora mu xxxx xx consultance yahawe.

[3] Ku wa 25/06/2010, Xxx X XXXXXX xxxxxxxxx XXXX XXXXX xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx yari yasigaje kumwishyura ariko ku wa 29/06/2010 XXXX XXXXX xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxxxx uko Xxx X XXXXXX xxxxx xxxxxxxx access kuri domain names, email addresses, user names na passwords bituma bashobora gukoresha website ya hotel kuko Xxx X XXXXXX adafite uburenganzira bwo kuzibika xxxxx ibyo xxxxx bijyanye na website yakozwe akimukorera.

[4] XXXX XXXXX ntabwo yishyuye amafaranga Xxx X XXXXXX xxxxxxxxxxxx bituma uyu amuregera uru Rukiko ku wa 29/07/2010 yishyuza 4,990 Pound sterling ahwanye n’umushahara w’ukwezi ariko agasaba n’amafaranga ahwanye na 500,000 Pound sterling yishyuye kugira ngo The Manor Hotel Kigali ibone domain name yo kubakiraho website yayo, yishyuza kandi 80,000 USD angana na 10% ya 800,000 USD y’inguzanyo Banque de Kigali yahaye XXXX XXXXX ayisabiwe na IKT CONSULTING Ltd, inyungu y’amafaranga yishyuzwa ndetse n’amafaranga y’ikurikirana rubanza n’igihembo cy’Avoka.

[5] XXXX XXXXX yiregura avuga ko Xxx X XXXXXX adashobora kumwishyuza kandi yemeye ko afite ibyangobwa bijyanye na website ya The Manor Hotel Kigali yamusabaga gutanga kugira ngo amwishyure hakurikijwe ihame rya “Whoever comes to equity should come with clean hands” n’irya “Nul ne peut invoquer sa proper turpitude devant les cours et tribunaux comme moyens de demande ou de défense.”

II. IMIGENDEKERE Y’URUBANZA

[6] Mw’iburanisha ry’urubanza ku wa 29/07/2011 ababuranyi bombi bitabye: IKT CONSULTING Ltd ihagarariwe na Me BIZIMUREMYI Xxxxx naho XXXX XXXXX ahagarariwe na Me RUTABINGWA Athanase.

III. ISESENGURA RY’IBIBAZO BIGIZE URUBANZA

[5] Ibibazo bisuzumwa muri uru rubanza n’ibikurikira:

a) Kumenya niba amabaruwa yanditswe hakoreshejwe umurongo wa internet agaragaza ko ababuranyi bagiranye amasezerano ya consultance ashobora gufatwa nk’ikimenyetso muri uru rubanza agahabwa agaciro.

b) Kumenya niba Xxx X XXXXXX yirukanwe ku xxxx xx consultance yahawe na XXXX XXXXX cyangwa yarigendeye.

c) Kumenya niba Xxx X XXXXXX yari ashinzwe kubakira The Manor Hotel Kigali website no kumenya niba yari afite uburenganzira bwo kwima XXXX XXXXX ibyangombwa by’iyo website.

d) Kumenya niba Xxx X XXXXXX atagomba kwishyurwa amafaranga ye kubera ko yanze gutanga ibyangombwa bijyanye na website hakurikijwe amahame y’amategeko yatanzwe na XXXX XXXXX.

[6] Ku bijyanye n’ikibazo cya mbere, mu bimenyetso urega ashingiraho hari amabaruwa ababuranyi bagiye bandikirana bakoresheje umurongo wa internet. Urukiko rusanze ibyo bimenyetso bishobora gukoreshwa hakurikijwe ihame rya “Principe de la liberté de prevue en matière commerciale” nk’uko bivugwa mu mategeko ndetse bikanavugwa n’amahanga mu mategeko mu bikurikira:

Ingingo ya 9 y’Itegeko ryo ku wa 2 Kanama 1913 ryerekeye Abacuruzi n’Ibimenyetso by’inshingano z’Ubucuruzi igiri iti: «Hatitaweho uburyo bwo gutanga ibimenyetso bwemewe n'amategeko y'imboneza-mubano,

inshingano z'ubucuruzi zishobora kugaragazwa n'imvugo y'abagabo, cyangwa ibimenyetso bindi bicukumbuwe, mu gihe cyose urukiko ruzabyemera rutanyuranyije n'ibiteganywa n'amategeko. Mu bihe bimwe, hashobora gutangwa ibimenyetso bivuguruza ibikubiye mu nyandiko.»

Xxxxx XXXXXXXX na Me Xxxxxx XXXXX0 bavuga bati: «En droit commercial, l’on définit traditionnellement le principe de la liberté de la preuve, fondé sur l’article 25 alinéa 1er du Code de commerce, par la constatation que dans cette matière, les preuves par témoins et par présomptions sont

1 Xxxxx XXXXXXXX & Me Xxxxxx XXXXX, “Revue Générale de Droit Civil Belge”, Editions Kluwer, 2006, p.50.

admissibles quelle que soit la valeur de l’engagement contesté, et ce, même si elles vont à l’encontre d’actes écrits, de sorte qu’un commencement de preuve par écrit, au sens de l’article 1347 du Code civil, n’est pas requis pour leur admissibilité…On justifie généralement l’absence de réglementation de l’administration de la preuve en matière commerciale par la célérité que requiert la pratique des affaires.»

[7] Urukiko rusanze xxxxx xx ibyo bimenyetso bishobora guhabwa agaciro hakurikijwe ingingo za 3 na 6 z’Itegeko n°18/2010 ryo ku wa 12/05/2010 ryerekeye Ubutumwa koranabuhanga, Umukokono koranabuhanga n’Iherekanya koranabuhanga ziteganya ko inzandiko zanditswe zikoresheje umurongo wa internet zifite agaciro :

Ingingo ya 3 igiri iti : «Ubutumwa koranabuhanga ihabwa agaciro hakurikijwe iri tegeko. Ntabwo inyandiko yakwamburwa agaciro, ukuri cyangwa ntishyirwe mu bikorwa hashingiwe ko gusa iri mu buryo bw‟ikoranabuhanga. Nta butumwa buta agaciro cyangwa ngo bwangirwe gushyirwa mu bikorwa kubera gusa ko butari mu buryo bw‟ikoranabuhanga kandi nta ngaruka byatera imbere y‟amategeko ishingiye ku nyandiko koranabuhanga. »

Ingingo ya 6 igiri iti : « Mu buryo ubwo aribwo bwose bw’amategeko, inyandiko koranabuhanga yemerwa kandi ihabwa agaciro nk‟ikimenyetso hatitawe ko: 1° ari inyandiko koranabuhanga gusa;

2° itari umwimerere mu gihe uyerekana agaragaje ko ari cyo kimenyetso kiruta ibindi ashoboye kubona. Mu kugenzura uburemere bw‟inyandiko koranabuhanga hitabwa ku kureba ko uburyo inyandiko koranabuhanga yakozwe, yabitswe cyangwa yasakajwe bwizewe ndetse n‟icyizere ko itashoboraga guhindurwa. »

[8] Izo ngingo z’Itegeko ryavuzwe xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxx n’abahanga mu mategeko bavuga bati : « L’écrit sous forme électronique est admis en matière de preuve. »2

2 Xxxxxxx Xxxxxxxx, Xxxxx Xxxx et Xxxxxx Xxxxxxxxxxx, “Droit de la Communication”-Audiovisuel-Press-Internet, Dalloz, 2002, p 547.

[9] Ku bijyanye n’ikibazo cya kabiri, Urukiko rusanze ko mu bimenyetso byose byatanzwe n’ababuranyi ari nta kigaragaza ko ko Xxx X XXXXXX yikuye mu kazi cyangwa ko XXXX XXXXX ariwe wamwirukanye kuko hari email Xxx X XXXXXX yohereje XXXX XXXXX ku wa 25/06/2010 igaragaza ko xxxx xxxxx y’U Rwanda ariko ikanagaragaza ko XXXX XXXXX atagishaka gukorana nawe kubera ko nta kintu amubwira ku bijyanye n’akazi yarashinzwe nk’uko Xxx X XXXXXX abivuga mu bikurikira : « As I have received no communication from you (apart your aknowledgement of receipt of invoice) I am making the assumption that you no longer require my involvement on the project which is fine by me… »

[10] XXXX XXXXX xxxxxxxx iyo email ku wa 29/06/2010 xxxxx xxxxxxxxx icyo avuga ku byerekeye ko Xxx X XXXXXX yikuye mu kazi ahubwo amwemeza ko azamwishyura amafaranga yamusabye n’ atanga ibyangobwa bya website kubera ko yabihawe agikorana nawe. Xxx email igiri iti : « I acknowledge the fact that a invoice is outstanding and will be paid as soon as I have received the following from you, I require access to domain names and emails addresses with user names and passwords so that we can get out our server here collect the mail. As these was done whilst you was working for me you have no right to hold on this information. »

[11] Urukiko rusanze nyamara ko, hakurikijwe izo emails zavuzwe haruguru, imvugo z’ababuranyi zikubiyemo zishobora kwemeza ko Xxx X XXXXXX na XXXX XXXXX bombi bemeye ko amasezerano ya consultance arangira xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx mu buryo bukwiriye.

[12] Ku bijyanye no kumenya niba Xxx X XXXXXX yarashinwe kubaka website ya The Manor Hotel Kigali, Urukiko rusanze ko nta kintu nta kimwe gishobora kubyemeza mu bimenyetso byatanzwe. Urukiko rusanze ariko ko hari business plan ya The Manor Hotel Kigali yakozwe na Xxx X XXXXXX igaragaza ko hari ibyo yakoraga mu xxxx xx ka consultance. Rusanze xxxxx xx xxxx Xxx X XXXXXX yarafite domain name, user name, password ndetse n’izina rya hosting company bya website ya The Manor Hotel Kigali bigaragaza ko ariwe wayubatse ariko rukaba rusanga ko ari ntaho rwahera rwemeza ko byari mushingano ze nk’umuconsultant kuko ntaho byanditswe xxxxx xxxxx yiyemerera ko yishyuye domain name n’amafaranga ye bwite, ibyo kandi bikaba bitashoboye kuvuguruzwa na XXXX XXXXX.

[13] Urukiko rusanze xxxx Xxx K XXXXXX xxx nta shingano yarafite yo kubaka website ya The Manor Hotel Kigali ariko akaba yarabikoze ku bushake bwe, akaba afite rero uburenganzira bwo kugumana ibyangombwa bya website cyane cyane ko avuga ko ariwe we wishyuye domaine name (n’iyo ituma website ishobora kubakwa) ku mafaranga ye, ibyo bikaba bigaragaza ko ako kazi ntabwo yari agashinzwe muri consultance xxxxxxxxxx XXXXX XXXXX.

[14] Ku bijyanye n’ikibazo cya xxxx, Urukiko rusanze, hakurikijwe igika cya 13, ko Xxx X XXXXXX agomba kwishyurwa amafaranga ye angana na 4,990 Pounds sterling (ihwanye na 9753 x 4,990 = 4.865.250 Frw) kubera ko ALAM XXXXX xxxxx kuyamwishyura yicirira urubanza ubwe kandi bibujijwe n’Itegeko Nshinga mu ngingo yaryo ya 140, igika cya 3 in fine. Rusanze xxxxx xx xxxx Xxx X XXXXXX yatanze ibyo byangombwa abisabwe n’Urukiko bikaba bitavuga ko nta burenganzira yarafite bwo kwanga kubiha XXXX XXXXX kuko byagaragajwe ko yaguze domaine name ku mafaranga ye, akanubaka iyo website ku bushake bwe.

[15] Urukiko rusanze ko Xxx X XXXXXX atagomba gusubizwa amafaranga 500 Pounds sterling yatanze agura domain name kubera ko ntabwo yar’akazi yarashinzwe muri consultance yakoraga, akaba yarabikoze ku bushake bwe.

[16] Urukiko rusanze xxxxx xx Xxx X XXXXXX atagomba kwishyurwa 80.000 USD angana na 10% z’iguzanyo Banque de Kigali yahaye XXXX XXXXX ayisabiwe na IKT CONSULTING Ltd kubera ko nta bimenyetso Xxx X XXXXXX yatanze by’uko XXXX XXXXX yigeze yemera kumuha izo 10%.

[17] Urukiko rusanze ariko ko Xxx X XXXXXX xxxxxx xxxxxxx inyungu, hakurikijwe ingingo ya 45 ya Code Civil, Livre III, zibariwe kuri 7.9%4 (igenewe mu bushishozi n’ubwitonzi bw’Urukiko kubera ko 10% asaba ari menshi hakurikijwe taux de dépot kuri BNR) ku mafaranga 4.865.250 Frw, ni ukuvuga 7,9% x 4.865.250

= Frw 384.354

[18] Urukiko rusanze ko Xxx X XXXXXX agomba guhabwa Frw 500.00 y’Avoka kubera ko Frw 5.000.000 asaba ari ikirenga, agahabwa na Frw 200.000 y’ikurikirana-rubanza.

3 National Bank of Rwanda Exchange rates at xxxx://xxx.xxx.xx/

4 Interests rates on deposit at xxxx://xxx.xxx.xx/

IV. ICYEMEZO CY’URUKIKO RUKURU RW’UBUCURUZI

[19] RWEMEYE kwakira ikirego cya IKT CONSULTING Ltd, RWEMEJE ko gifite ishingiro kuri bimwe.

[20] RWEMEJE kandi RUTEGETSE ko XXXX XXXXX agomba kwishyura IKT CONSULTING Ltd Frw 4.865.250 y’umwenda remezo, inyungu za Frw 384.354, amafaranga y’ikurikirana-rubanza angana na Frw 200.000 n’igihembo cy’Avoka kingana na Frw 500.000, yose hamwe xxxxx xxx Frw 5.949.604.

[21] RUMUTEGETSE kwishyura umusogongero wa Leta uhwanye na 4% ya Frw

384.354 no kwishyura amagarama y’uru rubanza angana na Frw 20.550.

[23] RUVUZE ko rutasomwe ku wa 27/07/2011 kubera ko umucamanza yagize ibirarane byinshi by’xxxxx xxxxx y’kiruhuko cyo gupfusha.

NI UKO RUKIJIJWE KANDI RUSOMEWE MU RUHAME NONE KUWA 29/07/2011.

MUNYANTWALI Xxxxxxx XXXXXXXXX X. Xxxxxx

Umwanditsi Umucamanza

Sé/ Sé/

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