Contract
URUKIKO RWISUMBUYE RWA RUBAVU RULI I RUBAVU , RUHABURANISHIRIZA IMANZA MBONEZAMUBANO , RUHAKIRIJE MU RUHAME URUBANZA RC 0049/16/TGI/RBV, KU RWEGO RWA MBERE , NONE KUWA 28/06/2016, KU BURYO BUKURIKIRA :
HABURANA :
UREGA :
COOPILAK, BP 160 Gisenyi , mu izina ry`umuyobozi wayo uyihagarariye byemewe n`amategeko . Ihagarariwe mu rubanza na Me Izere Iradukunda Xxxxxxx xx Me Mukansanga Ziada
UREGWA :
SEBAHIRE Xxxxx Xxxxx umuhesha w`inkiko w`umwuga , mwene Sebahire Xxxxxxxx na Xxxxxxx Xxxxxxxxx , utuye mu mudugudu wa Shwemu , akagari ka Gisa , umurenge wa Rugerero , akarere ka Rubavu, Xxxxxx y`Iburengerazuba. Yunganirwa na Me Xxxxxxxxxx Xxxxxxxxx .
NESONGANE Xxxxxx xxxxx Gatsa na Zakundane , wari utuye Nyamyumba – Nyamyumba , Rubavu , abarizwa kuli 000 xxx Xxxxxxx xxxxx 0 X0X0X0, XXXXXX XXXXXXX XXXXXX . Ahagarariwe na Me Tugirimana Xxxxxxx na Me Habisnhuti Xxxx Xxxxx
ABAGOBOKESHWA
XXXXXXXX Xxxxxx mwene Rubambana Xxxxxxxx na Nyiramuganza Xxxxxxxxx , utuye mu mudugudu xxXxxxxxx , akagari ka Cyivugiza , umurenge wa Nyamirambo , akarere ka Nyarugenge , Umujyi wa Kigali . Yunganirwa na Me Xxxxxxxxx Xxxx Xxxxx
Abazungura ba XXXXX XXXXXX, ubarizwa OLD DUNDAS ROAD RR3 DUNDAS ONTARIO CANADA . Bahagarariwe na Me Xxxxxxx Xxxxx
IKIREGERWA :
• Xxxxxxx agaciro icyamunara cyo kuwa 26/12/2015 mu rubanza RC 0112/06/TGI/RBV
• Indishyi z`akababaro zingana na 10.000.000 frws
• Igihembo cya avoka kingana na 500.000 frw .
• Igarama ringana na 50.000 frw .
I. IMITERERE Y`URUBANZA .
1. Kuwa 26/12/2015 umuhesha w`inkiko Sebahire Xxxxx yagurishije mu cyamunara umutungo utimukanwa wa Koperative y`uburobyi bw`isambaza ( COOPILAK) ugizwe n`ubutaka n`inyubako ziburiho bwanditswe kuli Nº 3902 ; agurisha uyu mutungo mu rwego rwo kurangiza urubanza RC 0112/06/TGI/RBV xxx uwitwa Nesongane yatsinze COOPILAK igategekwa kumwishyura umwenda yari imubereyemo hamwe n`andi mafaranga batsindiwe arenga yose 76.000.000 frw . Uyu Sebahire akaba yaragurishije muri iriya cyamunara abanje gusaba icyemezo kwa Perezida w`urukiko rw`ibanze ;amaze gukora iki cyamunara umutungo wegukanwa na Sibomana Xxxxxx xxxxxx 69.000.000 Frw kuwa 26/12/2015.
2. Nyuma y`iyi Cyamunara , abahagarariye COOPILAK batanze ikirego mu rukiko rw`ibanze rwa Gisenyi bashaka kugaragaza ko icyamunara cyakozwe mu buryo bunyuranye n`amategeko basaba ko giteshwa agaciro; urubanza rucibwa kuwa 18/03/2016 hemejwe ko urukiko rw`ibanze rwa Gisenyi nta bubasha rufite bwo kuburanisha iki kirego maze rwanga kucyakira ngo kuko irangizarubanza ryakozwe ku rubanza rwaciwe n`uru rukiko rwisumbuye , xxxxx xxx narwo rukwiriye kuburanisha impaka zikomotse ku irangiza ryarwo . Kuwa 03/05/2016 COOPILAK yongeye gutanga ikirego noneho muri uru rukiko isaba na none gutesha agaciro iyi cyamunara agaciro . Mu gutanga ikirego harezwe Sebahire Xxxxx nk`uwagurishije mu cyamunara na Nesongane nk`uwarangirizwaga urubanza , hagobokeshwa Xxxxxxxx Xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx cyamunara akegukana uriya mutungo, ndetse n`abazungura ba XXXXX XXXXXX , uyu xxxxx xxx umuntu bivugwa ko uriya mutungo wari usanzwe yarawuhawe nk`ingwate ku mwenda yabishyuriye muri BRD COOPILAK yari ibereyemo umwenda akaba ariwe usigara ariwe uberewemo umwenda ( cession de créance ) .
3. Mubyo COOPILAK iregera arimo imihango inyuranye abayihagarariye bavuga itarubahirijwe nko : kuba umuhesha w`inkiko yaragiranye amasezerano na Bucyana Xxxxx xx bitamureba , mbese nta bushobozi cyangwa uburenganzira afite ; kuba umuhesha w`inkiko atarakurikije imihango y`ifatira mbese agafatira atanyuze ku mubitsi w`impapuro mpamo z`ubutaka akawufatira uri mu bugwate , kuba harakozwe itangazo ridakurikije amategeko ,kuba urukiko rw`ibanze rwaratanze icyemezo gishyiraho umunsi wa cyamunara nta bimenyetso rushyikirijwe , kuba inyandikomvugo ya cyamunara idasobanutse no kuba harakozwe icyamunara nta raporo y`umuhanga ngenagaciro ( expertise ) ikozwe .
4. Abaregwa kimwe na Sibomana ugobokeshwa basabye ko mbere y`uko hagira ibindi bisizumwa hasuzumwa inzitizi zikurikira : Kuba COOPILAK yararengeje igihe cyo kuregera icyamunara , bituma ikirego kitakwakirwa ngo kuko amezi abiri ateganijwe yarenze ;kuba ikirego kiri ku ihamagara gitandukanye n`ikiri ku myanzuro y`ikirego ku birebana n`urubanza rwarangizwaga n`itariki rwarangijweho xxx banditse ko ari urubanza RC
0112/16/TGI/RBV xxx xxxx XX 0112/06/TGI/RBV ndetse ko n`ubutaka bwagurishijwe byavuzwe ko ari 3092 kandi ari 3902 kimwe n`xxx banditse ko cyamunara yakozwe kuwa 26/02/2016; kuba haragobokeshejwe abagize succession Xxxxx Xxxxxx xxxxx nta buzimagatozi ifite kandi bataravuzwe n`amazina ko binyuranije n`amategeko ; xxxx Xxxx yahawe amafaranga ikayakira yagobokeshwa ku ngufu . Naho ku mutungo bivugwa ko wagurishijwe uri mu bugwate ko ataribyo kuko bwari bwararangiye Xxxxx Xxxxxx yarishyuwe , ko n`indi mihango yubahirijwe .
5. Abarega n`umwe ugobokeshwa ( XXXXX XXXXXX ) nabo bisobanuye kuli izi nzitizi bavuga ko nta shingiro zifite , mu gihe zimaze kugibwaho impaka umucamanza afata icyemezo cy`uko zizasuzumirwa hamwe n`imizi y`uru rubanza , abazitanze bamwe ( Xxxxxxxx Xxxxxx na Me Ndahimana Xxxx Xxxxx umwunganira ) ntibyabashimisha bahita bivumbura bihana umucamanza , avuze ko akomeje iburanisha bo basinyira ibyo bavuze barataha ; ubwo nyuma umucamanza yabanje yakomeza iburanisha ariko yaje gusubika iburanisha kubera izindi mpamvu zo guhamagaza abahanga bakoze raporo y`igenagaciro ; iburanisha ryaje gusubukurwa wa mucamanza yasimbuwe , ababuranyi basomerwa ibyabereye mu iburanisha ryatambutse ndetse Sibomana na avoka we basomerwa na biriya byavuzwe bamaze gutaha ; buri wese yakosoje ibyo yumva bitanditswe nk`uko yabivuze , umucamanza mushya ibyavuzwe abamenyesha ko abigize ibye , uretse ibyo gutumiza abahanga mu igenagaciro byazasuzuma xxxx xxx xxxxxxx nyuma ; iburanisha rigibwa mu mizi hamaze kwemezwa ko inzitizi zizasuzumirwa hamwe n`imizi y`urubanza .
6. Muri uru rubanza hagomba gusuzumwa ibi bikurikira :
A. Ibirebana n`inzitizi , harebwa niba :
⮚ Amakosa y`imyandikire yaba impamvu zituma ikirego kitakirwa cyangwa niba yakosorwa .
⮚ Kuba COOPILAK yarareze mu rukiko rw`ibanze ikirego nticyakirwe , ikaza kurega muri uru rukiko amezi abiri yararenze byaba impamvu ituma ikirego kitakirwa .
⮚ Kugobokesha Abazungura ba Xxxxx Xxxxxx byarakozwe mu buryo budakurikije amategeko ku buryo bitakwakirwa ngo bemererwa kuba ababuranyi muri uru rubanza .
⮚ Ari ngombwa xx Xxxx igobokeshwa
B. Urubanza ruramutse rusanze ikirego cyakiriwe rukajya mu kibazo mu mizi harebwa niba :
⮚ Sebahire Xxxxx yaragurishije umutungo ukiri mu bugwate cyangwa se bwararangiye byatuma icyamunara giseswa cyangwa kikagumaho .
⮚ Sebahire atarubahirije amategeko akica n`indi mihango y`ingenzi yatuma cyamunara xxxxxxx xxxxxxx .
C. Indishyi zasabwe niba zatangwa
II. ISESENGURA RY`IBIBAZO BIGIZE URUBANZA
II.A. Ku birebana n`inzitizi .
II.A.1. Ku birebana n`amakosa agaragara mu ihamagara ryiki kirego
7. Me Murekatete wunganira Sebahire asaba ko habanza hasuzumwa ibyerekeye uko ikirego kiri mu ihamagara ko handitse ko icyamunara cyakozwe kuwa 26/02/2016 mu rubanza RC 0112/16/TGI/RBV kandi ataribyo biri mu kirego ; Sebahire Xxxxx nawe avuga ko no mu myanzuro handitse ko umutungo yagurishije wanditse kuli Nº 3092 kandi we azi ko ari 3902 ko rero usamga ari nk`irindi rangizarubanza . Me Mukansanga Ziada we avuga ko habaye ukwibeshya kuko urubanza rwarangijwe ari RC 0112/06/TGI/RBV naho itariki ko ari kuwa 26/12/2015 rwarangijweho, ko rero ibi ntacyo bitwaye ko ari amakosa asanzwe yakosorwa bikurikije amategeko cyane cyane ingingo ya 93 y`itegeko ryerekeye imiburanishirize y`imanza mbonezamubano ; Me Ndahimana wunganira Xxxxxxxx Xxxxxx avuga ko ayo makosa koko yakosorwa ariko ko bateguye urubanza bakurikije uko bahamagawe ko bahabwa umwanya wo gukora undi mwanzuro , Xxxxxxxx Xxxxxx nawe avuga ko urubanza rwarangijwe ko atarirwo rwahamagajwe ko rero rwahabwa indi tariki .
8. Urukiko rusanga iyi atari inzitizi yatindwaho kuko bitanahagaritse urubanza kiriya gihe kandi n`uriya munsi ababuranyi bamwe baruvuyemo ruza gukomeza nyuma bagarutse nk`uko byavuzwe haruguru ; ahubwo byakosorwa hashingiwe ku ngingo ya 92 y`itegeko Nº 21/2012 ryo ku wa 14/06/2012 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y‟imanza z‟imbonezamubano, iz‟ubucuruzi, iz‟umurimo n‟iz‟ubutegetsi igira iti : Nta nyandiko ishobora gufatwa nk’xxx nta gaciro ifite kubera inenge y’imyandikire keretse mu bihe bikurikira : 1. iyo biteganyijwe n’itegeko ku buryo budashidikanywa; 2. iyo hari umuhango simusiga cyangwa w’indemyagihugu utubahirijwe; 3. iyo umuburanyi ubisaba agaragaje icyo bimwangiriza. ; aba babyutsa iyi nzitizi rero nabo kuva nta nakimwe bashingiraho muri ibi bintu bitatu iyi ngingo iteganya , ibyo bavuga nta gaciro byahabwa , ahubwo byafatwa ko urubanza rwarangijwe ari RC 0112/06/TGI/RBV , rurangizwa ku itariki ya 26/12/2015 ndetse
n`umutungo uri ku Nº 3902 cyane ko n`abaregwa bagiye biregura mu myanzuro yabo bavuga ibi by`ukuri bitari xxxxx xxxxxx .
9. Ikindi gituma ibyo bavuga nta shingiro bifite ni uko muby`ukuri ikiburanwa kitareberwa gusa kuli xxxxx xxxxxxx yanditse kuli hamagara arimo udukosa tw`imyandikire ; ahubwo ingingo ya 4 y`iri tegeko na none ryerekeye imiburanishirize , iteganya uko ikiburanwa kirebwa , igira iti : Ikiburanwa kigenwa n’ibisabwa na buri muburanyi. Ibisabwa bigaragazwa n’inyandiko itangiza ikirego n’imyanzuro yo kwiregura. Mu iburanisha umuburanyi ntashobora guhindura ikirego ababuranyi bose batabyemeye. ; igaragaza neza ko ikirego kireberwa mu myanzuro itanga ikirego ndetse n`iyo kwiregura ntabwo rero itariki yanditswe n`umwanditsi yibeshye byaba inzitizi ituma ikirego kitakirwa cyangwa xx xxx umuburanyi witabye aje kwiregura avuge ko agiye gukora indi myanzuro ngo ahabwe igihe kuko n`ubundi icyo yaburanaga aba atari amatariki ahubwo aba yiregura ku ngingo zigize ikirego ( prétentions respectives des parties ) .
II.A.2. Ku birebana n`inziti yo kurenza ibihe byo kuregera gutesha agaciro cyamunara cyamunara byatuma ikirego kitakirwa .
7. Me Ndahimana Xxxx Xxxxx wunganira Xxxxxxxx Xxxxxx na Me Murekatete wunganira Sebahire Xxxxx xxxxx n`abo bunganira , bavuga ko ikirego cyatanzwe gitinze kuko abahagarariye COOPILAK bamenye ko irangizarubanza ririho kuwa 02/07/2015 ikirego bagitanga mu rukiko rw`ibanze ikirego nticyakirwa, barongera baza kugitanga muri uru rukiko amezi abiri, ateganywa n`amabwiriza ya Perezida w`urukiko rw`ikirenga, yararenze ; ndetse Ndahimana we akavuga ko uretse n`igihe cyashiriye mu gihe urubanza rwari mu rukiko rw`ibanze ,no kugitanga mu rukiko rw`ibanze byabaye amezi avugwa yararenze kuko kuwa 21/09/2015 ariho cyamunara yatangiye uwitwa Semajyeri arayisubikisha kandi bigaragara ko no mu rukiko rw`ibanze bareze mu kwezi kwa mbere 2016, ko rero urubanza RC 0001/16/TB/GIS ntacyo rwakora mu guhagarika ibihe .
8. Me Izere Iradukunda Germain uhagarariye COOPILAK we avuga ko kuba barareze mu rukiko rw`ibanze rwa Gisenyi byahagaritse irangira rya kiriya gihe xxxxx xx kuva xxx ruriya rubanza rwo mu rukiko rw`ibanze ruciriwe nta mezi abiri yaciyemo batareze; agashingira ku byanditswe n`abahanga mu mategeko xxx yerekana ibyo yavanye ku mbuga nkoranyambaga bisobanura impamvu zihagarika ubuzime ko no kuregera urukiko n`iyo rwaba rudafite ububasha bihagarika ibihe by`ubuzime ndetse akavuga n`urubanza Nº 248 rwaciwe n`urukiko rusesa imanza rwo mu bufaransa rwemeje ibihura n`ibyo avuga ndetse agasaba ko hashingirwa no ku ngingo ya 638 y`igitabo cya gatatu
cy`amategeko mbonezamubano ( CCLIII) n`ingingo ya 26 y`amabwiriza ya Perezida w`urukiko rw`ikirenga ; naho Me Ndahimana we ko asoma ingingo ya 50 y`amabwiriza ya Perezida w`urukiko rw`ikirenga nabi kuko iteganya ko amezi 2 abarwa haherewe ku gihe bamenyeye ko urubanza rurimo kurangizwa cyangwa se ko urubanza rwarangijwe .
9. Me Ndahimana we akavuga ko uwemerewe kurega ahereye igihe rwarangijwe ari utaramenye ko rurimo kurangizwa xxxxx xx ingingo ya 638 Me Izere ashingiraho ko yahuzwa n`iya 639, iby`urubanza rwaciwe n`inkiko zo hanze ko bitashingirwaho igihe hari itegeko cyane ko nta n`uzi niba rwarabaye itegeko ; Me Murekatete nawe akavuga ko ingingo za 638 na 639 zazahuzwa ariko hakibandwa ku ngingo ya 50 y`amabwiriza ya Perezida w`urukiko rw`ikirenga , Sebahire Xxxxx nawe avuga ko urubanza rwatanzwe ntaho ruhuriye n`ikibazo cye ; Me Ziada Mukansanga nawe avuga ko ibihe byose bigira ikibihagarika .
10. Kuli iyi nzitizi itangwa hagendewe ku ngingo ya 50 y` Amabwiriza Nº 002/2015 yo kuwa 18/05/2015 ya Perezida w`urukiko rw`ikirenga yerekeranye n`imiburanishirize y`imanza mbonezamubano igira iti : Ikirego cyerekeranye n‟impaka zishingiye ku irangiza ry‟ibyemezo by‟inkiko zivugwa mu ngingo ya 208 y‟Itegeko nº 21/2012 ryo ku wa 14/06/2012 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y‟imanza z‟imbonezamubano, iz‟ubucuruzi, iz‟umurimo n‟iz‟ubutegetsi, gishyikirizwa urukiko rubifitiye ububasha mu gihe kitarenze amezi abiri (2) uhereye igihe urega amenyeye ko urubanza rurimo kurangizwa cyangwa rwarangijwe. ; urukiko rusanga iyi ngingo itarateganije uko byagenda igihe haregewe urukiko rufite ububasha iki gihe kitarashira , urubanza rukanga kwakira ikirego kubera ko rudafite ububasha ahubwo bufitwe n`urundi rukiko , noneho uwari waregeye rwa rukiko akajya kuba arirwo aregera .
11. Urukiko rusanga na none iyi ngingo mu by`ukuri , aya mezi 2 yarashyizweho kugira ngo hirindwe uko abantu bakuweho umutungo wabo harangizwa ibyemezo by`inkiko bagendaga bagaceceka icyamunara cyamara kurangira hari n`uwegukanye umutungo , agakomeza kuwutunga bigatinda ndetse akaba yagira n`ibindi yongera kubyo yegukanye , ariko nyuma y`igihe bashakiye, kidateganijwe n`itegeko , akaba ariho batangira kugaragaza ko batemera ya cyamunara ; ibi bikaba byatera ibibazo n`intugunda mu itunga ry`umutungo abantu babonye bakomoye ku byemezo by`inkiko . Ibi bitandukanye rero n`uko Me Sebahire we ndetse na Sibomana waguze batigeze bayoberwa na rimwe ko icyamunara hari abataracyishimiye ndetse ngo babigaragaze hatarashira amezi abiri kuko :
✓ Koko nk`uko bigaragara abahagariye COOPILAK barareze mu rukiko rw`ibanze kandi ingingo ya 638 y`igitabo cya gatatu cy`urwunge rw`amategeko mbonezamubano ku birebana n`imirimo nshinganwa
n`amasezerano iteganya ko : Ihamagaza ry'umuburanyi, itegeko ryihanangiriza cyangwa ifatira-mutungo ni impamvu mpagarikabuzime zishingiye ku mategeko mbonezamubano iyo zimenyeshejwe uwo umuntu adashaka ko ubuzime bumuhesha uburenganzira. Byumvikane rero ko ibi bivugwa bihagarika ubuzime bitarusha ruriya rubanza RC 0001/16/TB/GIS guhagarika biriya bihe by`xxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxx bitwaza . Ingingo ya 639 basaba ko yahuzwa n`iyi ya 638 nayo igira iti : Iyo impapuro zihamagaza ababuranyi nta gaciro zifite kubera ko zitubahiriza ibisabwa n'itegeko:
-iyo uwatanze ikirego akiretse,
-iyo uwatanze ikirego aretse urubanza rugasaza,
- iyo uwatanze ikirego atsinzwe, ihagarikabuzime rifatwa nk'xxx ritabayeho . Iyi ngingo irasobanutse kandi ntivuguruza iy`ibanziriza kuko icyo ishaka kugaragaza ni igihe ziriya mpapuro z`ihamagara zitagifite agaciro , igihe wa wundi washakaga kurega abiretse n`igihe habaye urubanza uwareze agatsindwa, gutsindwa ni ukuvuga ngo urubanza ruba rwagiwe mu mizi icyaburanwaga akagitsindirwa ntabwo ari ukubwirwa ko ikirego kitakiriwe urega akabwirwa urukiko akwiriye kuregamo , icyakora iyo na none ikirego kitakirwa hagashira kiriya gihe batareze ahandi birumvikana ko xxxx xxxx babiretse n`ubuzime ntibuhagarare .
✓ Na none iyo hasesenguwe iriya ngingo ndetse n`ibi bivugwa muri ziriya zindi zisobanuwe haruguru aha ,bigahuzwa n`iki kibazo cyo kurangiza urubanza kwa Sebahire arurangiriza Nesongane uhagarariwe na Bucyana ; ntawavuga ko Sebahire Xxxxx xxxxxxxx ko abahagarariye COOPILAK batemeranya n`ibyo kugurisha uriya mutungo , ngo bafatwe nk`abashyize agati mu ryinyo ntibagire icyo bakora kuko n`icyo iyi ngingo yagiriyeho ; kubera ko iyo harebwe raporo y`umuvunyi yo kuwa 9/05/2016 ku kibazo cya COOPILAK ( biri ku rupapuro rwa 283 rwa dosiye ) , uwakoze iyi raporo agaragaza ko , uru rwego rwatabajwe mbere y`uko urubanza rurangizwa kuko abahagariye COOPILAK baribagejeje akarengane kabo ku muvunyi ; akavuga ko rero Sebahire yasabwe kuza ku rwego rw`umuvunyi mbere yo kurangiza urubanza ngo bungurane ibitekerezo anahabwe amakuru arambuye ku rubanza yenda kurangiza , ngo akajya atanga amatariki ariko ntaze , amaze kururangiza nabwo ngo yagiye yanga kuza ku rwego rw`umuvunyi , aza kuza atinze ari kumwe na Xxxxxxxx Xxxxxx kuwa 25/02/2016. Ikindi ni ibarwa y`umuvunyi Mukuru yanditse ahagarikisha ihererekanya ry`uyu mutungo kuwa 9/02/2016 uretse ko bitakunze ; Ibi rero ni ibigaragaza ko Me Sebahire Xxxxx xxxxxx na Xxxxxxxx Xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx ko abahagarariye COOPILAK batambamira ibyo bagiye gukora cyangwa bakoze kandi nk`uko byagaragajwe haruguru nicyo amabwiriza yashatse gukora ashyiraho ko uwarenza amezi abiri yarishyiriye agati
mu ryinyo ntagaragaze ko irangizarubanza ryamurenganije ikirego kitakwakirwa .
12. Urukiko rusanga iri hamagarwa ry`umuhesha w`inkiko yahamagawe n`urwego rw`umuvunyi rwashakaga kumubuza kurangiza urubanza , nk`urwego rushinzwe kumva akarengane k`abaturage barutabaje , naryo ubwaryo rifite agaciro gahagarika biriya bihe by`amezi abiri biri muri iriya ngingo abaregwa bitsitsaho kuko itashyiriweho gupfukirana abantu ahubwo yashyiriweho kurengera uwaba yaguze muri cyamunara koko iturutse ku byemezo by`inkiko xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx utigeze ataka; kuko niba ingingo ya 638 y`itegeko ryavuzwe haruguru iha ububasha ihamagara ry`umuburanyi , itegeko ryihanangiriza kwishyura cyangwa ifatiramutungo, kuba impamvu yo guhagarika ibihe by`ubuzime , nta kuntu kugeza ikibazo ku rwego rw`umuvunyi utakambira ko cyamunara igiye kuba bitaba impamvu zihagarika ariya mezi abiri yashyizweho na n`xxxx Mabwiriza .
13. Ibi urukiko rushingiraho mukugaragaza ko gutanga ikirego mu rukiko rudafite ububasha umaze kwiyambaza n`umuvunyi bihagarika ubuzime n` ibihe byo kurega by`amezi abiri byateganijwe mu ngingo ya 50 y` Amabwiriza yavuzwe haruguru ; ni ibyo usanga no mu yandi mategeko ndetse usanga n`ayo Rwanda rugenderaho ariho yagiye avomwa kuko usanga , ibiteganywa mu ngingo za 636 – 642 ( harimo na ziriya zasesenguwe ) z`igitabo cya gatatu cy`amategeko mbonezamubano y`uRwanda , neza xxx xxx mu Bufaransa umushingamategeko w`u Rwanda yateruye cyane ko iri tugenderaho ari iryo muwa 1888 , kandi izi ngingo usanga neza arizo ziteganywa mu itegeko mbonezamubano ry`ubufaransa mu ngingo za 2242 -2250 , usanga zose uko zanditse , uretse utwo bagiye bavugurura batujyanisha n`igihe, kuko bo iri bafite ni irya 2008 ( u Rwanda rukiri ku rya 1888 ) ariko ubundi ni zimwe kuko nk`iriya ngingo ya 368 ababuranyi bagiye bagarukaho usanga mu mategeko y`u Rwanda igira iti : Une citation en justice , un commandement ou une saisie, signifiés à celui qu`on veut empêcher de prescrire interrompt la prescription ; naho mu mategeko yabo bagiye bavugurura iyabo ya 2244 ikagira iti : : Une citation en justice , même en référé , un commandement ou une saisie, signifiés à celui qu`on veut empêcher de prescrire interrompt la prescription ainsi que les délais pour agir1 . Aya magambo xxxxx xxxxxxxxx ni ingenzi cyane mu ikemurwa ry`iki kibazo kuko bigaragara ko nabo mbere yo kuvugurura kwabo bitahagarikaga n`ibihe byo kurega kandi bigaragarira nko mu byagiye byandikwa n`abahanga na none nk`ibyo LOIC CADIET na Xxxxxxxx Xxxxxxx banditse mbere y`iri vugurura bagize bati : La demande en justice , qu`elle soit initiale ou incidente , a pour effet de neutraliser le rapport de droit litigieux dans l`attente de la decision du
1 xxxx://xxx.xxxxxxxx.xxx/xxxxxxxxxxx/xxxxxx- interrompant –la- prescription ; consulté le 22/06/2016
juge . La demande en justice a dès lors cet effet majeur d`interrompre la prescription au profit de celui qui a forme cette demande , ………. Il joue alors même que xx xxxx saisit était incompétent ( bihura n`ingingo ya 2246 y`itegeko ry`abafaransa rayavuzwe haruguru ) , du moins s`il ne s`agit pas d`un délai de forclusion …….2 ( byavuguruwe mu itegeko rya 2008 ry`abafaransa handikwamo ko bihagarika n`ibihe byo kurega ) . Iyo umutnu asomye aya magambo n`igihe yandikiwe ( 2006) bigaragara ko bari bataremeza ko kurega , nk`uko bihagarika ubuzime , bihagarika n`ibihe byo kurega .
14. Kubera ibi byose bimaze gusobanurwa , iyi nzitizi yo gukererwa gutanga ikirego kwa COOPILAK idafite ishingiro kuko kuba harabaye urubanza rwabereye mu rukiko rw`ibanze rwa Gisenyi n`ubwo ikirego cyari yatanzweyo nta bubahsa rufite , ntabwo byabura gufatwa nk`impamvu ihagarika ibihe byo kurega ( droit d`agir ) ; n`ibyo Me Ndahimana avuga ko na mbere yo kuregera urukiko rw`ibanze ibihe by`amezi abiri byari byararenze nta shingiro bifite kuko byagaragajwe ko na mbere y`uko urubanza rurangizwa Sebahire Xxxxx xxxxxxxxxx n`umuvunyi wari wiyambajwe n`abahagarariye COOPILAK , yanga guhagarara yikomereza ibye kandi ibi ubwabyo nabyo bifatwa nk`ibihagarika ibihe abaregwa bitwaza by`xxxxx xxxxx .
II.A.3. Ku birebana no kumenya niba igobokeshwa ry`abazungura ba XXXXX XXXXXX ku ngufu ryakwakirwa .
15. Me Xxxxxxxxxx Xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx Xxxxxxxx Xxxxx Xxxxx xxxxxx inzitizi na none yo gusuzuma niba kugobokesha abazungura xx Xxxxx Tower xxx xxxxxxx , xxxxxxx xx xxx xxxxxx yagaragazwa nk`uko biteganywa n`ingingo ya 1 y`amabwiriza ; Me Ndahimana nawe agasongeramo avuga ko Succession idafite ubuzima gatozi ku buryo itaregwa cyangwa ngo irege , ko uwashaka kurega yavuga abagize Succession nk`uko biteganywa n`ingingo ya 25 y`amabwiriza ya Perezida w`urukiko rw`ikirenga ; Me Tugirimana Xxxxxxx nawe umwe mu bahagarariye Nesongane akavuga ko asaba ko abazungura ba Xxxxx Xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx . Me Rukundo uhagarariye abazungura ba Xxxxx Xxxxxx avuga ko ingingo ya 25 abaregwa bashingiraho irebana n`inshingano z`ababuranyi , ko ntaho ihuriye n`iki kibazo ; Me Mukansanga Ziada we akavuga ko bagobokesha abazungura ba Xxxxx Xxxxxx xxx xxx ariwe ufite ubugwate bw`umutungo wagurishijwe . Ndahimana we akavuga ko ikirego kitakwakirwa kuko cyatanzwe nabi ; Xxxxxxxx Xxxxxx we akavuga ko mu rukiko rw`ibanze Succession yaregaga none ko atumva ukuntu ubu igobokeshwa , ndetse anavuga ko abazungura ba Xxxxx Xxxxxx abenshi bapfuye xxxxx xx batumva uko Rukundo yivugiye ko yashyizweho n`umuvunyi ubundi agahembwa na
2 XXXXXX , X.& xxx; Droit judiciaire privé, 5ème ed.Litec ,Paris , 2006 , p.285-286
COOPILAK , akerekana impapuro akura ku mbuga nkoranya mbanga zivuga ko bapfuye .
16. Me Rukundo uhagarariye Abazungura ba Xxxxx Xxxxxx avuga ko hari irage ( testament /Last will atanze yo kuwa 20/12/2006 ) ya Xxxxx Xxxxxx igaragaza abazungura be ndetse hakaba n`urubanza RC 0368/06/TGI/RBV rubagaragaza ndetse no mu rundi rufite RCA 0081/08/HC/MUS ko ari batatu , uwaba abahakana avuga ko hari abapfuye ngo hagasigara umwe yabigaragaza kandi n`uwo umwe yemerewe kurega cyangwa kuregwa xxxxx xx xx xxxx uru rubanza bagobokeshejwe . Me Tugirimana we avuga ko inyandiko Me Rukundo atanga z`irage rya Xxxxx Xxxxxx xxx ibyakorewe xxxxx xxxxx bitanyujijwe muri ambassade ku buryo bitagira agaciro , undi nawe akavuga ko atari ngombwa kunyuzwa muri ambassade xxxxx xx hari urubanza rwaciriwe mu Rwanda .
17. Urukiko rusanga ibyo kugobokesha abazungura ba Xxxxx Xxxxxx ababuranyi bavuga ko bidakwiriye kwakirwa , nta shingiro bifite kuko icyakorwa ahubwo basaba ni ukubavuga kandi bagaragara mu nyandiko y`irage yatanzwe na Me Rukundo ndetse na ziriya manza zavuzwe haruguru kandi nk`uko biteganywa n`ingingo ya 116 y`Itegeko nº 21/2012 ryo ku wa 14/06/2012 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y‟imanza z‟imbonezamubano, iz‟ubucuruzi, iz‟umurimo n‟iz‟ubutegetsi igira iti : Guhatirwa kugoboka ni uburenganzira bw’ababuranyi bwo kuzana mu rubanza umuntu utarurezwemo. Ndetse n`iya 117 igira iti : Guhatirwa kugoboka mu rubanza bikorwa ku muntu wese utaburana urubanza akaba ategereje ko rucibwa ngo arutambamire xxxxx xxxx umuburanyi ushaka kumufatanya n’uwo baburana ngo abatsindire mu rubanza rumwe. Na COOPILAK kuba ivuga ko yagobokesheje uwari ufite ubugwate ku mutungo wagurishijwe mu cyamunara kugira ngo yiburanire atazagira ikindi ababaza baramutse batsinzwe ntawabibangira ; naho abazungura be bagomba kwandikwa mu rubanza nk`uko bavugwa mu RCA 0081/08/HC/MUS ko ari : XXXXXXX Xxxxx Xxxxxx , XXXXXXX Xxxxxxxx Xxxxxxxx na Xxxxxxxxx Xxxxxxxxx XXXXXXXXXX ; xxxx Xxxxxxxx Xxxxxx avuga ko bapfuye ntibyahabwa agaciro kuko nta kimenyetso giteganywa n`amategeko abitangira kandi sicyo kiburanwa .
III. A.4. Ku birebana no kugobokesha Xxxx xx Rwanda
18. Me Ndahimana avuga ko xxxx Xxxx yaratanze titre de propriété , igomba kugobokeshwa hashingiwe ku ngingo ya 13 y`itegeko ryerekeye ibimenyetso mu manza n`itangwa ryabyo ; Sibomana nawe akavuga xx Xxxx yagobokeshwa kuko amafaranga yatanze yayatanze mu rukiko rw`ikirenga ndetse narwo ruyaha Bucyana Xxxxx hashize amezi abiri (
kuwa 27/04/2016 ) cyamunara ibaye, nawe aza guhabwa ibyemezo by`ubutaka kuwa 12/05/2016 ndetse ahabwa n`icyemezo cyo gusana na none agihawe na Leta , ko rero cyamunara itaseswa Leta idatumijwe . Abaregwa n`abandi baburanyi bo nta byinshi babivugaho uretse kuvuga ko ibyo Sibomana asaba nta shingiro bifite .
19. Urukiko rusanga ibyo Me Ndahimna Xxxx Xxxxx xx Xxxxxxxx yunganira basaba nta shingiro bifite kuko : ntibasobanura Xxxx xxxxxx kugobokesha xxxx xxx iyihe , ni urukiko rw`ikirenga bavuga rwakiriye amafaranga rukanayatanga , ni umubitsi w`impapuro mpamo z`ubutaka watanze icyemezo cy`ubutaka gihabwa Xxxxxxxx Xxxxxx , cyangwa se abo avuga bamuhaye icyemezo cyo gusanura ibyo yegukanye ; kugira ngo bihuzwe n`ibyo amategeko ateganya na none birebana no kugobokesha ku ngufu mbese harebwe niba byakwakirwa kuko ingingo ya 117 y`itegeko Nº 21/2012 ryo kuwa 14/06/2012 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y`imanza mbonezamubano , igira iti : Guhatirwa kugoboka mu rubanza bikorwa ku muntu wese utaburana urubanza akaba ategereje ko rucibwa ngo arutambamire xxxxx xxxx umuburanyi ushaka kumufatanya n’uwo baburana ngo abatsindire mu rubanza rumwe . Aba bo ntibavuga xxxx Xxxx itegereje ko urubanza rucibwa ngo izarutambamire kuko inyungu yihariye Leta ifite muri uru rubanza ntibazigaragaza ; klandi iya 119 na none y`iri tegeko , ikagira iti : Ibirego by’ingoboka ku bushake cyangwa ku gahato mu manza z’abandi byakirwa gusa iyo: 1. bisobekeranye n’ikirego cy’ iremezo; 2. urukiko rwaregewe ikirego cy’ iremezo rufite ububasha bwo kuburanisha n’ibyo by’ingoboka. Mubyo aba basaba na none ntibagaragaza xxx Xxxx ihuriye n`ikirego cyo gutesha cyamunara ku buryo ibyo yaregwa byaba bisobekeranye n`ibi biburanwa ; na none iya 120 yaryo nayo ikagira iti : Kugoboka ku gahato cyangwa ku bushake mu rubanza umuntu ataburanye ntibibuza urubanza rw’ iremezo gucibwa iyo rugeze igihe cyo gucibwa, kereka iyo gutandukanya urwo rwa mbere n’urwo rurushamikiyeho bishobora kugira icyo byakwangiriza uwo muburanyi mushya ku buryo budashobora gusubirwaho. Aha na none Me Ndahimana na Sibomana ntibagaragaza impamvu icyo bumva Leta yabazwa batazagikurikirana ukwacyo ariko uru rubanza ntiruhagarare kuko batagaragaza icyo Leta, iyi ngingo ifata nk`umuburanyi mushya , yabangamirwaho mu buryo budasubirwaho .
II.B. Ku birebana n`ibiburanwa mu mizi .
B.1. Ku birebana no kureba niba Sebahire Xxxxx yaragurishije umutungo uri mu bugwate cyangwa se niba bwari bwararangiye .
20. Me Izere Iradukunda Germain na Me Mukansanga Ziada bavuga ko umuhesha w`inkiko w`umwuga Sebahire Xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx umutungo wa COOPILAK kandi uri mu bugwate bwa Xxxxx Xxxxxx , bakerekana icyemezo cyubutaka bw`uriya mutungo bagaragaza ko bwanditseho ko buri mu bugwate bwa Xxxxx Xxxxxx xxxxx xx na Bucyana wagiye ahagararira Nesongane wasabye ko umutungo ugurishwa yari abizi kuko hari urubanza narwo batanga rufite RC 0035/013/TG/RBV xxx yasabaga icyemezo cy`umucamanza cyemeza ubwishyu anasaba ko umutungo wa COOPILAK wagurishwa hakabanza hishyurwa XXXXX XXXXXX xxxxxxxxxx ingwate amafaranga asagutse ku kiguzi na Nesongane akayahabwa ; bagakomeza bavuga ko bajijishije umucamanza wafashe icyemezo cyo kugurisha muri cyamunara bamuha fotokopi y`icyemezo cy`ubutaka ndetse bahisha inyuma( Verso ) handitse ko uyu mutungo uri mu bugwate ndetse ko nta n`ifatira ryakorewe mu maboko y`umubitsi w`impapuro mpamo z`ubutaka .
21. Me Xxxxxxxxx Xxxx Xxxxx na Me Xxxxxxxxxx Xxxxxxxxx bavuga ko ibirebana n`imihango y`irangiza ry`urubanza bitari mu bubasha bw`uru rukiko ahubwo biri mu bw`urukiko rw`ibanze hashingiwe ku ngingo ya
268 y`itegeko ryerekeye imiburanishirize y`imanza mbonezamubano ; xxxxx xx ingingo ya 295 yaryo na none iteganya ko icyemezo cya cyamunara gitangwa xxx xxx imihango yose yubahirijwe kandi icyo cyemezo cyafashwe ko kitajuririwe , xxxx xxxx Sebahire Xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxx mu maboko y`umubitsi ko yabisobanura Sebahire amaze ku bivugaho ; Sebahire we avuga ko icyatumye atajya gufatira kwa conservateur des titres fonciers xxx xxx yari yamenye ko iriya ngwate itandikishijwe ku mubitsi w`impapuro mpamo z`ubutaka , yabazwa niba ataragenzuye neza ibigaragara ku cyemezo cy`umutungo agasubiza ko yabigenzuye ariko ko muri RDB bari bamaze kumubwira ko nta ngwate iri kuri uriya mutungo wa COOPILAK n`ubwo ku cyemezo cy`umutungo hagaragara ubugwate. Me Murekatete nawe avuga ko igihe umutungo wa COOPILAK wagurishwaga utari mu bugwate kuko butari bwanditse xxxxx xx Xxxxx Xxxxxx yari yaramaze kwishyurwa ; naho ku birebana n`imihango yerekeranye n`ifatirwa ko bitari mu bubasha bw`uru rukiko ahubwo biri mu bubasha bw`urukiko rw`ibanze nk`uko biteganywa n`ingingo ya 309 y`itegeko ryerekeye imiburanishirize , xxxxx xx nta titre de propriété COOPILAK igaragaza ivuguruza iyo Xxxxxxxx xxxxxx . Xxxxxxxx Xxxxxx nawe avuga ko n`ubwo gufatira byari gukorerwa ku mubitsi w`impapuro mpamo z`ubutaka ariko ko ubugwate bwa Xxxxx Xxxxxx bwarangiye kuko habaye xxxx xxxxxxxxxx yo kumwishyura umutungo wimukanwa harimo ubwato ndetse banavugana uko bazajya bamwishyura amafaranga buri kwezi , ubugwate rero bukaba bwaravuyeho kuko hashize igihe kirekire . Me Ndahimana na Me Murekatete bavuga na none ko ubugwate butanditse muri RDB nta gaciro buba bufite .
22. Me Mukansanga Ziada avuga ko amasezerano avuga uko Xxxxx Xxxxxx azishyurwa nta bigaragaza ko yamaze kwishyurwa ko rero n`iyo haba hari ayishyuwe ariko ubugwate ko bugihari kuko nta Levée d`hyphotèque yabayeho ngo bigaragare ko umutungo usubijwe COOPILAK, naho ku birebana n`ububasha Ndahimana avuga ko ataribyo kuko ibyo bo baregeye ari ibijyanye n`ingingo ya 208 y`itegeko ryerekeye imiburanishirize ryavuzwe haruguru , ko urukiko rw`ibanze rwari kuregerwa xxx xxx bari guhagarikisha cyamunara ; Me Rukundo nawe akavuga ko Sebahire nta kintu yakwitwaza na gito kuko iyo agaragariza urukiko rw`ibanze ko uriya mutungo uri mu bugwate ntabwo n`icyemezo aba yarakibonye xxxxx xx nta na hamwe agaragaza hamwemerera kubaza muri RDB xxx kubaza umubitsi w`impapuro mpamo z`ubutaka . Me Tugirimana Xxxxxxx nawe abajijwe impamvu abahagarariye Nesongane bagiye kugurisha umutungo kandi mbere bari basabye urukiko ko habanza hishyurwa Xxxxx Xxxxxx ; asubiza ko mbere bibwiraga ko hari ubugwate buhari xxxxx xxxx gusanga bwararangiye .
23. Urukiko rusanga ingingo ya 268 Me Ndahimana ashingiraho avuga ko uru rukiko rutasuzuma imihango ijyanye no kurangiza urubanza ; arirengagiza ko ibyo iteganya ari igihe icyamunara kigiye gukorwa , noneho umuntu uvuga ko umutungo ugiye kugurishwa ari xxx xxxxx aribyo yiyambaza , kandi akabikora bataragurisha , ko aribyo bijya mu rukiko rwibanze , arirengagiza kandi ingingo ya 208 y`iri tegeko na none igira iti : Impaka zishingiye ku irangiza ry’ urubanza ryaba riri gukorwa cyangwa ryararangiye zikemurwa n’urukiko rwaruciye bwa nyuma cyangwa urwemeje ko urubanza rwo mu mahanga rurangirizwa mu Rwanda mu gihe kitarenze iminsi cumi n’itanu (15) guhera igihe urukiko rwakiriye ikirego. ; muri make arirengagiza ko no mu rukiko rw`ibanze umucamanza yanze kwakira ikirego cya COOPILAK ashingiye kuli iyi ngingo kuko yerekanaga ko urubanza raciwe n`uru rukiko impaka ziturutse ku irangiza ryarwo zitajya mu rundi rukiko rutari uru ; ibyo kandi avuga arirengagiza ko iyo havuzwe impaka cyane cyane iz`irangizarubanza ryararangiye , harebwa imihango yose ko hari iyirengagijwe kuko nicyo kiba kigibwaho impaka . Ingingo ya 309 nayo Me Murekatete yishingikirizaho , igira iti : Ibibazo byose byerekeye imihango y’ifatira bivutse mu gihe cy’ifatira bikemurwa n’icyemezo cya Perezida w’Urukiko rw’ibanze cyangwa Perezida w’urukiko rw’ubucuruzi mu gihe harangizwa urubanza rwaciwe n’inkiko z’ubucuruzi ; uyu nawe arirengagiza ko ari ibibazo byabaye mbere y`uko icyamunara gikorwa kandi iyo cyamaze gukorwa harebwa uko irangizarubanza ryose ryagenze n`iriya mihango idasigaye ; ntabwo kuba icyemezo cya Perezida cyaragiyeho na cyamunara igakorwa biba ndakuka xxx xxxx mpamvu iyi ngingo ya 208 yagiyeho .
24. Ku birebana no kuba Sebahire yarafatiriye ahatari mu maboko y`umubitsi w`impapuro mpamo z`ubutaka ; urukiko rusanga ingingo ya
286 y`iri tegeko na none ryerekeye imiburanishirize y`imanza mbonezamubano , igira iti : Ifatira ry’ibintu bitimukanwa rikorerwa mu maboko y’Umubitsi w’inyandikompamo z’ubutaka xxx xxxxxxxxx uburenganzira ku bitimukanwa byanditse mu bitabo by’ubutaka. Umuhesha w’inkiko, abisabwe n’uberewemo umwenda ushaka gufatira ikintu kitimukanwa yaka mu nyandiko Umubitsi w’impapurompamo z’ubutaka, kopi ivuye mu gitabo cyandikwamo ubutaka. Umukozi uvugwa mu gika cya xxxxxx xx’iyi ngingo wandikiwe agomba kuba yatanze kopi y’iyo nyandiko mu gihe kitarenze iminsi itanu (5). Mu gihe yanze kuyitanga ku bwende bwe, ashobora gukurikiranwaho indishyi ku xxxx xxx n’uwo byangirije. Iyi ngingo Sebahire Xxxxx yarayiribase cyane kuko :
✓ Iyi ngingo ntabwo iteganya ko ifatira rikorwa habanje kubazwa muri RDB uretse ko no muri RDB batanga inyandiko ariko we ntayo agaragaza.
✓ Umutungo ubanza gufatirwa mu maboko y`umubitsi w`inyandikompamo z`ubutaka ni umutungo utimukanwa (wose) , si umutungo wanditswe muri RDB cyangwa utanditseyo cyangwa se uri mu bugwate butandikishijwe muri RDB cyangwa se wari usanzwe uri mu bugwate ngo noneho bamenye ko ubugwate bwarangiye ;. Muri make umutungo wose n`utarigeze ujya mu bugwate nawe arabizi ko ufatirwa mu maboko y`umubitsi w`impapuro mpamo , akagaragaza ko unanditse kuli nyirigufatirwa , atawugurishije cyangwa ngo ube uri mu bugwate kuko n`ibi bavuga ko umwenda wa XXXXX XXXXXX wari yarishyuwe , ashobora kwishyura ariko umutungo ugahita ujya mu bundi bugwate xxx xxxx mpamvu umushingamategeko yashyizeho kiriya kintu cy`ingenzi mu rwego rwo kurinda ubutaka bw`abaturage n`umutekano wabwo .
✓ Kuba nawe yemera ko xxxxx xxxxxxx y`uko umutungo uri mu bugwate yanditse inyuma ku cyemezo cy`ubutaka yagendeyeho yayabonye akayarengaho , ni ibitu yakoze azi ko ibyo akora bitanyuze mu mategeko xxx xxxx mpamvu yirinze kwirirwa abaza ubishinzwe ariwe mubitsi wimpapuro mpamo z`ubutaka kuko atarikubaza ibyo areba .
25. Ibyo Sibomana n`abamwunganira bavuga xxx Xxxxx Xxxxxx yari yararangije kwishyurwa ; si ibintu byo kugenekereza ( présomption) gusa ni ibintu bigomba kugaragarizwa ukuri ( prouvé ) , kandi nta yindi nzira yo kubimenya uretse kwandikira umubitsi w`impapuro mpamo agatanga inyandiko ya kopi y`ibivuye mu gitabo , bigaragara ko Sebahire yayikimbiriye nk`uko byavuzwe haruguru ; kandi iryo genekereza siryo ryakuraho xxxxx xxxxxxx yanditse inyuma ya kiriya cyemezo agaragaza
ko hari ubugwate buri kuli uriya mutungo ; ndetse nta no gushidikanya ko xxxxx xxxxxxx y`uko uriya mutungo uri mu bugwate yanditse kuri kiriya cyemezo cy`ubutaka yanditse no mu bitabo by`ubutaka kuko bigaragara ko ari inyandukuro y`ibiri mu gitabo ; kuko ahasoza ku cyemezo inyuma ( ahagaragaza ubugwate buri kuli uriya mutungo ) handitse ko xxxxx xxxxxxx yanditse mu gitabo bakaranga n`xxx yanditse xxx bagira bati : ( N.B. : LES ECRITURES CI-DESSUS SONT CONTINUEES AU PREMIER FEUILLET DE SUITE CI-ANNEXE……….
Volume RT XIX folio 67 . )
26. Ibyo Me Murekatete na Me Ndahimana ndetse n`abo bunganira bagaragaza ko ubugwate bwa Xxxxx Xxxxxx butanditse mu bwanditsi bukuru ( muri RDB ) , xxxxx xx itegeko ry`ingwate riteganya ko ubugwate bwemewe ari ubwanditse mu bwanditsi bukuru , barashingira ku ngingo ya 4 y` itegeko n° 10/2009 ryo kuwa 14/05/2009 ryerekeye ubugwate ku mutungo utimukanwa, igira iti : Byitwa ko ubugwate bufite agaciro iyo bwanditswe mu gitabo cyandikwamo ingwate ku mutungo utimukanwa mu biro by‟Umwanditsi Xxxxxx. Ndetse n`ingingo ya 26 y`iri tegeko na none igira iti : Amasezerano yose y‟ubugwate yakozwe mbere y‟uko iri tegeko ritangira gukurikizwa, akomeza kugira agaciro kayo mu gihe cy‟imyaka ibiri (2). Ubu bugwate bwa XXXXX Xxxxxx rero nabwo bigaragara ko iri tegeko ryo muwa 2009 ryasohotse busanzweho ; ariko iri tegeko bigaragara ko ryavuguruwe mu mwaka wakurikiyeho , n`itegeko n°13/2010 ryo kuwa 07/05/2010 rihindura kandi ryuzuza itegeko n° 10/2009 ryo kuwa 14/05/2009 ryerekeye ubugwate ku mutungo utimukanwa , noneho mu ngingo ya 4 rigira riti : Ingingo ya 26 y’Itegeko n°10/2009 ryo kuwa 14/05/2009 ryerekeye ubugwate ku mutungo utimukanwa yujujwe ku buryo bukurikira:
«Amasezerano yose y’ubugwate yakozwe mbere y’uko iri tegeko ritangira gukurikizwa akomeza kugira agaciro kayo kugeza igihe arangiriye. Ibi rero biragaruka hahandi abaregwa badashobora kugaragaza ko ubu bugwate bwarangiye .
27. Urukiko rusanga ubundi kugira ngo ubugwate bwanditswe ku cyemezo ( titre ) no mu gitabo bukurweho ntabwo bipfa gufatwa gutyo gusa kuko haba mu itegeko ry`ubugwate rya mbere ryariho igihe ubu bugwate bwa Xxxxx Xxxxxx bwakorwaga , haba no mu itegeko ry`ubugwate ryagiyeho nyuma , bagaragaza uko bikorwa binyuranye n`uku Sebahire na Nesongane ndetse na Sibomana babitekereza kuko nk`ingingo ya 61 y`itegeko rya kera ( kuwa 15/05/1922) ryerekeye ubugwate ku bintu bitimukanwa , igira iti : Iyandikwa ry`ubugwate ku bitimukanwa risibwa ryose cyangwa se rigasibwa igice iyo byemewe n`ugomba kwishyurwa ubifitiye ubushobozi cyangwa se hakurikijwe urubanza rwaciwe burundu kandi rutagishobora kujuririrwa cyangwa se urubanza rwemeje ku buryo bweruye ko ruzarangizwa kabone n`iyo rwasubirishwamo cyangwa
rukajuririrwa , Isibwa ryandikwa ku cyemezo gihamya xxxxx ikibanza cyanditse mu gitabo cy`inyandiko z`ubutaka cyabigenewe ; naho ingingo ya 23 yo mu itegeko rirebana n`ingwate ririho ubu ryavuzwe haruguru , ryasohotse nyuma y`itangwa ry`iriya ngwate, igira iti : Igihe cyose, mbere y‟uko uwahawe ingwate n‟undi muguzi wese bagirana amasezerano y‟ubugure bw‟ingwate yatanzwe, uwatanze ingwate ashobora kwishyura umwenda wose washinganishijwe ingwate cyangwa igice cyawo gisigaye. Iyo kwishyura bikozwe hakurikijwe igika cya mbere cy‟iyi ngingo, uwahawe ingwate agomba kugeza ku watanze ingwate: 1° icyemezo cy‟ubwishyu bw‟umwenda ; 2° amasezerano n‟inyandiko zose zifitwe n‟uwahawe ingwate birebana n‟ubugwate. Uwatanze ingwate n‟uwahawe ingwate bagomba gusibisha ingwate mu gitabo cyandikwamo ubugwate ku Mwanditsi . Ingwate ya Xxxxx Xxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx , kuva itarataye agaciro nk`uko byasobanuwe haruguru ngo ni uko itahinduwe ngo ijyanishwe n`ibiteganywa mu itegeko rishya , n`ubwishyu abaregwa ntibagaragaze ko bwarangiye ariko icyagaragaye mu bimaze gusobanurwa ni uko n`iyo bwaba bwararangiye bigomba gusabwa ku babishinzwe bigatangirwa icyemezo cyangwa se bikemezwa n`urubanza ; ntawavuga ko buriya bugwate butakiriho akoresheje kugenekereza ngo byemerwe .
28. Xxxxxxx xxxxxxx nk`uko byasobanuwe haruguru kandi bivugwa n`abareze ,umuhesha w`inkiko Sebahire Xxxxx yarakoze ikosa rikomeye ryo kugurisha umutungo utimukanwa noneho uri no mu bugwate atiriwe asaba umubitsi w`impapuro mpamo z`ubutaka icyemezo giteganywa n`itegeko atabona xxx ahungira ( ingingo ya 286 xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx) , xxxxxxxxxx nk`ukugirisha umutungo wimukanwa nawo utari mu bugwate ; ibi kandi bigaragara ko byakozwe nkana kuko nk`uko barega babivuga yafashe icyemezo cy`ubutaka agifotora imbere gusa , ahari ingwate ntiyaherekana umucamanza bituma bamuca mu rihumye atanga icyemezo cyo kugurisha muri cyamunara . Urukiko rukaba rusanga iyi mpamvu yonyine ihagije kugira ngo kiriya cyamunara giteshwe agaciro ; indi mihango yose abarega bagiye bavuga itarubahirijwe abaregwa bo bakavuga ko yakozwe neza , si ngombwa ko bisuzumwa kuko iki cyonyine kirahagije .Icyamunara cyo kuwa 26/12/2015 kikaba giteshejwe agaciro ibintu bigasubira ujko byari bimeze ; ibyakozwe byose bishingiye kuli cyo bikavaho .
C. Ku birebana n`indishyi zinyuranye n`andi mafaranga asabwa
29. Me Mukansanga Ziada uhagarariye COOPILAK avuga ko Sebahire na Nesongane ibyo bakoze babikoze bagambiriye kubarushya no kubasesaguza , ko babisabira indishyi rero ziri mu mwanzuro, ndetse bagatanga n`imbonerahamwe irimo amafaranga 40.340.000 frw basaba ko basubizwa na Sibomana wari ufite ahantu habo yaguze mu
xxxxxxxxx , ngo akaba xxx xxx xxxx xxxxxxxx . Sibomana we yavuze ko bifuza cyane kuko atumva xxx babivana .
30. Urukiko rusanga izi ndishyi zasabwe mu mahenuka y`urubanza zitasuzumwa kuko ntabwo ziri mu kirego kuva cyantangwa ndetse no mu iburanisha nta mpaka zagiweho yewe n`abahagarariye COOPILAK ntacyo bazivuzeho mu iburanisha uretse gutanga agapapuro katanasobanuye mu magambo arambuye ngo n`abaregwa bagire icyo bazivugaho ndetse ngo abitangire n`ibimenyetso ; ku buryo nta wavuga ko ari ikirego cy`inyongera kigomba gusuzumwa muri uru rubanza bitewe n`uko ikirego cyose kiba gifite umwanzuro kikagira n`uwo kiregwa akanisobanura .
31. Ku birebana n`izindi ndishyi Me Ziyada mu kirego yasabye ko abo ahagarariye bahabwa na Sebahjire ni 10.000.000 frw y`indishyi z`akababaro , 500.000 frw y`igihembo cya avoka na 50.000 frw y`igarama ; mu gusoza ikirego Me Ziyada yasabye ko abo ahagarariye bahabwa indishyi z`akababaro za 6.000.000 frw na 1000.000 frw y`igihembo cya avoka ; Urukiko rusanga Sebahire Xxxxx Xxxxx xxxxxx xxxx XXXXXXXX indishyi z`akababaro z`uko yabasagariye nkana ; xxxxx xxxxxxxxx mu mu bushishozi bw`urukiko kuko izo basabye xxx xxxxxxx
; bakaba bakwiriye guhabwa indishyi zingana na 300.000 frw ndetse agatanga n`igihembo cy`abavoka xx xxxx baburaniye coopilak , buri wese agahabwa 500.000 frw , bihwanye na 1.000.000 frw ndetse Sebahire agasubiza n`igarama COOPILAK yatanze irega rya 50.000 frw ; Izi ndishyi zikaba zishingiye ku ngingo ya 258 y`igitabo cya gatatu cy`amategeko mbonezamubano iteganya ko uteje undi igihombo cyangwa akababaro abiryozwa .
III. ICYEMEZO CY`URUKIKO
32. RWEMEJE ko amakosa y`imyandikire yagaragajwe mu ihamagara mu rubanza rwa COOPILAK n`abaregwa ataba impamvu ituma ikirego kitakirwa .
33. RWEMEJE ko inzitizi yatanzwe n`abunganira Sibomana na Sebahire Xxxxx yo xxxx CCOPILAK yaratanze ikirego igihe cyararenze nta shingiro ifite , ikirego kikaba cyakiriwe .
34. RWEMEJE ko ibyo Sebahire Xxxxx Xxxxx , Xxxxxxxx Xxxxxx na Nesongane n`ababahagarariye bavuga ko uriya mutungo wavuye mu bugwate bwa Xxxxx Xxxxxx nta shingiro bifite.
35. RWEMEJE ko Sebahire Xxxxx Xxxxx mukugurisha umutungo utimukanwa wa COOPILAK uri ku cya ngombwa cy`ubutaka Nº 3902 Volume RT XIX folio 67 yirengagije ibiteganywa n`amategeko by`ingenzi
byo kuwufatira mu maboko y`umubitsi w`impapuro mpamo z`ubutaka , bituma awugurisha uri mu bugwate .
36. RWEMEJE ko indi mihango ivugwa n`abarega ko itubahirijwe bitabaye ngombwa kwirirwa isuzumwa .
37. RWEMEJE ko icyamunara cyo kuwa 26/12/2015 harangizwa urubanza RC 0112/06/TGI/RBV gikozwe ku mutungo wa COOPILAK uri mu butaka buvuzwe haruguru giteshejwe agaciro , ibintu bigasubira uko byari bimeze urubanza rutaratangira kurangizwa ; ibyakozwe byose bishingiye kuli iyi cyamunara nabyo bikavaho .
38. RWEMEJE ko indishyi zimwe muzisabwa z`imitungo yavuye mu butunzi bwa hariya hagurishijwe n`ibyahangirikiye bitagomba gusuzumwa muri uru rubanza ; naho izindi zisabwa Sebahire wazirezwe akaba ategetswe kuziha COOPILAK ku buryo bukurikira : indishyi z`akababaro za
300.000 frw , ay`igihembo cy`abavoka 1.000.000 frw n`ingwate y`amagarama batanze ya 50.000 frw .
RUKIJIJWE RUTYO KANDI RUSOMEWE MU RUHAME N`UMUCAMANZA WARUBURANISHIJE KANYARUKIGA X. Xxxxxxx , AFASHIJWE N`UMWANDITSI .
UMUCAMANZA UMWANDITSI