Communication Costs Comparison Clause Samples

Communication Costs Comparison. For calculating the communication and computation costs, we consider the authentication and key agreement phase as bits, (320 + 32 + 256 + 256 + 32) = 896 bits, (160 + 256 + 256 + 256 + 32) = 960 bits, and (256 + 256 + 256 + 32 + 32 + 32) = 864 bits respectively, which in total need 3584 bits. From Table IV, it is seen that our proposed BioKA-ASVN has significantly lower communication cost as compared to the other related schemes, such as the schemes of Ma et al. [8], ▇▇▇▇ and ▇▇▇▇ [35], ▇▇▇ and ▇▇▇ [6], Ever [11], ▇▇▇▇▇ et al. [38], ▇▇▇▇▇▇ et al. [25], and ▇▇▇▇▇ et al. [37]. Adavoudi-Jolfaei et al. [7] 14Th ≈ 4.4618 ms 8Th ≈ 0.3392 ms Ma et al. [8] 4Th + 3Tecm ≈ 4.4884 ms 13Th + 12Tecm ≈ 2.4592 ▇▇ ▇▇▇ et al. [9] 6Th ≈ 1.9122 ms 8Th + 3Tsenc/Tsdec ≈ 0.3896 ▇▇ ▇▇ et al. [10] 11Th + 5Tecm ≈ 8.8617 ms 8Th + Tecm ≈ 0.4982 ▇▇ ▇▇▇▇ and ▇▇▇▇ [35] 8Th + 2Tecm ≈ 4.692 ms 17Th + 2Tecm ≈ 1.0388 ▇▇ ▇▇▇ and Pal [6] 4Th + 6Tecm +4Teca ≈ 8.3056 ms 8Th + 8Tecm +6Teca + 4Tsenc/Tsdec ≈ 1.8158 ▇▇ ▇▇▇ et al. [42] 7Th + 4Tecm+ 2Tsenc/Tsdec ≈ 6.59054 ms 9Th + 4Tecm+ 4Tsenc/Tsdec ≈ 1.0848 ms Ever [11] 9Th + 2Tbp+ 2Tmtp + 3Tecm ≈ 7899.0949 ms 6Th + 3Tbp+ 2Tmtp + 3Tecm ≈ 2240.3103 ▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇ et al. [37] 9Th + 3Tecm + 3Tmtp+ 2Tsenc ≈ 29.371 ms 6Th + Tecm + Tmtp+ 2Tsenc/Tsdec ≈ 1.1094 ▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇ et al. [38] 30Th + 3Tecm ≈ 12.776 ms − Irshad et al. [25] 20Th + 9Tecm + 3Teca ≈ 16.4675 ms 8Th + 3Tecm + 2Teca+ 2Tsenc/Tsdec ≈ 0.8956 ms Proposed (BioKA-ASVN) 16Th + 5Tecm ≈ 10.4552 ms 11Th + 4Tecm + Teca ≈ 1.1253 ms Scheme User/Smart device/Drone Server described in Section III-D between a user Ui and a drone DRj via the GS. For the purpose of determining the cost of communication, it is considered that “identity”, “pseudo- identity”, “random number”, “elliptic curve point” (for exam- ple, G = (G , G ) ∈ E (a, b) where G and G represent the x and y coordinates of the point G, respectively, hash digest (SHA-256 hashing algorithm), and timestamp are 160, 160, 160, (160 + 160) = 320, 256 and 32 bits, respectively. Scheme No. of messages Total cost (in bits) ▇▇▇ and Pal [6] 4 4608 Adavoudi-Jolfaei et al. [7] 4 3552 Ma et al. [8] 4 5664 ▇▇▇ et al. [9] 3 3040 ▇▇ et al. [10] 4 3584 Shin and Kwon [35] 4 4480 Ever [11] 6 5344 ▇▇▇▇▇ et al. [37] 4 4160 ▇▇▇▇▇ et al. [38] 4 3712 Irshad et al. [25] 3 4128 Proposed (BioKA-ASVN) 4 3584 We assume that Th , Tecm , Teca , Tsenc and T signify In BioKA-ASVN, the four messages Msg1 = {V3, V2, V1, TS1}, Msg2 = {V1, TS1, T1, , SKV1, TS2}, Msg3 = {Cert∗j , SKV2, T2, I...