Common use of Consideration of Climate Change and Environmental Justice Impacts Clause in Contracts

Consideration of Climate Change and Environmental Justice Impacts. The Recipient states that rows marked with “X” in the following table are accurate: The Project significantly reduces transportation-related pollution, like air pollution and greenhouse gas emissions. (Describe the expected reductions and how they are achieved in the supporting narrative below.) The Project aligns with an applicable State, regional, or local carbon-reduction plan. (Identify the plan in the supporting narrative below.) The Project addresses the disproportionate negative environmental impacts of transportation, such as exposure to elevated levels of air, water, and noise pollution. (Describe how in the supporting narrative below.) The Project implements transportation-efficient land use and design, such as drawing on the features of historic towns and villages that had a mix of land uses, compact and walkable development patterns, accessible green space, and neighborhood centers. (Describe how in the supporting narrative below.) The Project shifts freight to lower-carbon travel modes to reduce emissions. (Describe how in the supporting narrative below.) The Project improves the resiliency of at-risk infrastructure to withstand extreme weather events and natural disasters caused by climate change, such as by using best-available climate data sets, information resources, and decision-support tools, and incorporating best practices identified by the USDOT. (Identify the at-risk infrastructure and describe how the project improves its resiliency in the supporting narrative below.) The Project incorporates energy efficient investments, such as electrification or zero emission vehicle infrastructure. (Describe the energy efficient investments in the supporting narrative below.) The Project redevelops xxxxxxxxxx sites. (Identify the xxxxxxxxxx sites and describe the redevelopment in the supporting narrative below.) The Project removes, replaces, or restores culverts to improve passage of aquatic species. (Identify the affected culverts and describe how the changes will improve the passage of aquatic species in the supporting narrative below.) The Project avoids adverse impacts to air or water quality, wetlands, and endangered species. (Describe how in the supporting narrative below.) The Project includes floodplain upgrades consistent with the Federal Flood Risk Management Standard in Executive Orders 14030 and 13690. (Describe those floodplain upgrades in the supporting narrative below.) The Recipient has taken other actions to consider climate change and environmental justice impacts of the Project. (Describe those actions in the supporting narrative below.) The Recipient has not yet taken actions to consider climate change and environmental justice impacts of the Project but, before beginning construction of the Project, will take relevant actions described in schedule B. (Identify the relevant actions from schedule B in the supporting narrative below.) The Recipient has not taken actions to consider climate change and environmental justice impacts of the Project and will not take those actions under this award. [ Insert supporting text, as described in the table above. ] The Recipient states that rows marked with “X” in the following table are accurate: The Project increases affordable transportation choices. (Describe how in the supporting narrative below.) The Project expands active transportation usage. (Describe how in the supporting narrative below.) The Project significantly reduces vehicle dependence. (Describe how in the supporting narrative below.) The Project reduces transportation and housing cost burdens by integrating mixed use development and a diversity of housing types (including affordable housing) with multimodal transportation infrastructure. (Describe how in the supporting narrative below.) The Project coordinates and integrates land use, affordable housing, and transportation planning to create more livable communities and expand travel choices. (Describe how in the supporting narrative below.) The Project reduces vehicle dependence and improves access to daily destinations, such as jobs, healthcare, grocery stores, schools, places of worship, recreation, or parks, such as by adding new facilities that promote walking or biking. (Describe how in the supporting narrative below.) The Project implements transit-oriented development that benefits existing residents and businesses. (Describe how in the supporting narrative below, including a specific description of the benefits to existing residents and businesses.) The Project mitigates urban heat islands to protect the health of at-risk residents, outdoor workers, and others. (Describe how in the supporting narrative below.) The Project proactively addresses racial equity. (Describe how in the supporting narrative below.) The Recipient has taken other actions related to the Project to improve racial equity and reduce barriers to opportunity. (Describe those actions in the supporting narrative below.) The Recipient has not yet taken actions related to the Project to improve racial equity and reduce barriers to opportunity but, before beginning construction of the Project, will take relevant actions described in schedule B. (Identify the relevant actions from schedule B in the supporting narrative below.) The Recipient has not taken actions related to the Project to improve racial equity and reduce barriers to opportunity and will not take those actions under this award. [ Insert supporting text, as described in the table above. ] The Recipient states that rows marked with “X” in the following table are accurate: The Recipient or a project partner promotes robust job creation by supporting good-paying jobs directly related to the project with free and fair choice to join a union. (Describe robust job creation and identify the good-paying jobs in the supporting narrative below.) The Recipient or a project partner will invest in high-quality workforce training programs such as registered apprenticeship programs to recruit, train, and retain skilled workers, and implement policies such as targeted hiring preferences. (Describe the training programs in the supporting narrative below.) The Recipient or a project partner implements targeted hiring preferences that will promote the entry and retention of underrepresented populations into those jobs including women, people of color, and people with convictions. (Describe the use of targeted hiring preferences that will promote the entry and retention of underrepresented populations in jobs in the supporting narrative below.) The Recipient or a project partner will partner with high-quality workforce development programs with supportive services to help train, place, and retain underrepresented communities in good-paying jobs or registered apprenticeships including through the use of local and economic hiring preferences, linkage agreements with workforce programs that serve underrepresented groups, and proactive plans to prevent harassment. (Describe the supportive services provided to trainees and employees, preferences, and policies in the supporting narrative below.) The Recipient or a project partner will partner and engage with local unions or other worker-based organizations in the development and lifecycle of the project, including through evidence of project labor agreements and/or community benefit agreements. (Describe the partnership or engagement with unions and/or other worker-based organizations and agreements in the supporting narrative below.) The Recipient or a project partner will partner with communities or community groups representative of historically underrepresented groups to develop workforce strategies. (Describe the partnership and workforce strategies in the supporting narrative below.) The Recipient has taken other actions related to the Project to create good-paying jobs with the free and fair choice to join a union and incorporate strong labor standards. (Describe those actions in the supporting narrative below.) The Recipient has not yet taken actions related to the Project to create good-paying jobs with the free and fair choice to join a union and incorporate strong labor standards but, before beginning construction of the Project, will take relevant actions described in schedule B. (Identify the relevant actions from schedule B in the supporting narrative below.) The Recipient has not taken actions related to the Project to improve good-paying jobs and strong labor standards and will not take those actions under this award. [ Insert supporting text, as described in the table above. ] [Choose the appropriate one of these two alternatives.] [Alternative #1, if either

Consideration of Climate Change and Environmental Justice Impacts. The Recipient states that rows marked with “X” in the following table are accuratealign with the application: The Project significantly reduces transportation-related pollution, like air pollution and directly supports a Local/Regional/State Climate Action Plan that results in lower greenhouse gas emissions. (Describe the expected reductions and how they are achieved in the supporting narrative below.) The Project aligns with an applicable State, regional, or local carbon-reduction plan. (Identify the plan in the supporting narrative below.) The Project addresses directly supports a Local/Regional/State Equitable Development Plan that results in lower greenhouse gas emissions. (Identify the disproportionate negative plan in the supporting narrative below.) The Project directly supports a Local/Regional/State Energy Baseline Study that results in lower greenhouse gas emissions. (Identify the plan in the supporting narrative below.) The Recipient or a project partner used environmental impacts of transportationjustice tools, such as exposure the EJScreen, to elevated levels minimize adverse impacts of airthe Project on environmental justice communities. (Identify the tool(s) in the supporting narrative below.) The Project supports a modal shift in freight or passenger movement to reduce emissions or reduce induced travel demand. (Describe that shift in the supporting narrative below.) The Project utilizes demand management strategies to reduce congestion, waterinduced travel demand, and noise pollutiongreenhouse gas emissions. (Describe those strategies in the supporting narrative below.) The Project incorporates electrification infrastructure, zero-emission vehicle infrastructure, or both. (Describe the incorporated infrastructure in the supporting narrative below.) The Project supports the installation of electric vehicle charging stations. (Describe that support in the supporting narrative below.) The Project promotes energy efficiency. (Describe how in the supporting narrative below.) The Project implements transportation-efficient land use and design, such as drawing on serves the features of historic towns and villages that had a mix of land uses, compact and walkable development patterns, accessible green space, and neighborhood centers. (Describe how in the supporting narrative below.) The Project shifts freight to lower-carbon travel modes to reduce emissionsrenewable energy supply chain. (Describe how in the supporting narrative below.) The Project improves the disaster preparedness and resiliency of at-risk infrastructure to withstand extreme weather events and natural disasters caused by climate change, such as by using best-available climate data sets, information resources, and decision-support tools, and incorporating best practices identified by the USDOT. (Identify the at-risk infrastructure and describe how the project improves its resiliency in the supporting narrative below.) The Project incorporates energy efficient investments, such as electrification or zero emission vehicle infrastructure. (Describe the energy efficient investments in the supporting narrative below.) The Project redevelops xxxxxxxxxx sites. (Identify the xxxxxxxxxx sites and describe the redevelopment in the supporting narrative below.) The Project removes, replaces, or restores culverts to improve passage of aquatic species. (Identify the affected culverts and describe how the changes will improve the passage of aquatic species in the supporting narrative below.) The Project avoids adverse environmental impacts to air or water quality, wetlands, and endangered species, such as through reduction in Clean Air Act criteria pollutants and greenhouse gases, improved stormwater management, or improved habitat connectivity. (Describe how in the supporting narrative below.) The Project repairs existing dilapidated or idle infrastructure that is currently causing environmental harm. (Describe that infrastructure in the supporting narrative below.) The Project supports or incorporates the construction of energy- and location- efficient buildings. (Describe how in the supporting narrative below.) The Project includes floodplain upgrades consistent with the Federal Flood Risk Management Standard in Executive Orders 14030 and 13690recycling of materials, use of materials known to reduce or reverse carbon emissions, or both. (Describe those floodplain upgrades the materials in the supporting narrative below.) The Recipient has taken other actions to consider climate change and environmental justice impacts of the Project. (Describe those actions , as described in the supporting narrative below.) . x The Recipient has not yet taken actions to consider climate change and environmental justice impacts of the Project but, before beginning construction of the Project, but will take relevant actions described in schedule B. (Identify the relevant actions from schedule B in the supporting narrative below.) . The Recipient has not taken actions to consider climate change and environmental justice impacts of the Project and will not take those actions under this award. [ Insert supporting text, as described in the table above. ] The Recipient states that rows marked with “X” in the following table are accurate: The Project increases affordable transportation choices. (Describe how in the supporting narrative below.) The Project expands active transportation usage. (Describe how in the supporting narrative below.) The Project significantly reduces vehicle dependence. (Describe how in the supporting narrative below.) The Project reduces transportation and housing cost burdens by integrating mixed use development and a diversity of housing types (including affordable housing) with multimodal transportation infrastructure. (Describe how in the supporting narrative below.) The Project coordinates and integrates land use, affordable housing, and transportation planning to create more livable communities and expand travel choices. (Describe how in the supporting narrative below.) The Project reduces vehicle dependence and improves access to daily destinations, such as jobs, healthcare, grocery stores, schools, places of worship, recreation, or parks, such as by adding new facilities that promote walking or biking. (Describe how in the supporting narrative below.) The Project implements transit-oriented development that benefits existing residents and businesses. (Describe how in the supporting narrative below, including a specific description of the benefits to existing residents and businesses.) The Project mitigates urban heat islands to protect the health of at-risk residents, outdoor workers, and others. (Describe how in the supporting narrative below.) The Project proactively addresses racial equity. (Describe how in the supporting narrative below.) The Recipient has taken other actions related to the Project to improve racial equity and reduce barriers to opportunity. (Describe those actions in the supporting narrative below.) The Recipient has not yet taken actions related to the Project to improve racial equity and reduce barriers to opportunity but, before beginning construction of the Project, will take relevant actions described in schedule B. (Identify the relevant actions from schedule B in the supporting narrative below.) The Recipient has not taken actions related to the Project to improve racial equity and reduce barriers to opportunity and will not take those actions under this award. [ Insert supporting text, as described in the table above. ] The Recipient states that rows marked with “X” in the following table are accurate: The Recipient or a project partner promotes robust job creation by supporting good-paying jobs directly related to the project with free and fair choice to join a union. (Describe robust job creation and identify the good-paying jobs in the supporting narrative below.) The Recipient or a project partner will invest in high-quality workforce training programs such as registered apprenticeship programs to recruit, train, and retain skilled workers, and implement policies such as targeted hiring preferences. (Describe the training programs in the supporting narrative below.) The Recipient or a project partner implements targeted hiring preferences that will promote the entry and retention of underrepresented populations into those jobs including women, people of color, and people with convictions. (Describe the use of targeted hiring preferences that will promote the entry and retention of underrepresented populations in jobs in the supporting narrative below.) The Recipient or a project partner will partner with high-quality workforce development programs with supportive services to help train, place, and retain underrepresented communities in good-paying jobs or registered apprenticeships including through the use of local and economic hiring preferences, linkage agreements with workforce programs that serve underrepresented groups, and proactive plans to prevent harassment. (Describe the supportive services provided to trainees and employees, preferences, and policies in the supporting narrative below.) The Recipient or a project partner will partner and engage with local unions or other worker-based organizations in the development and lifecycle of the project, including through evidence of project labor agreements and/or community benefit agreements. (Describe the partnership or engagement with unions and/or other worker-based organizations and agreements in the supporting narrative below.) The Recipient or a project partner will partner with communities or community groups representative of historically underrepresented groups to develop workforce strategies. (Describe the partnership and workforce strategies in the supporting narrative below.) The Recipient has taken other actions related to the Project to create good-paying jobs with the free and fair choice to join a union and incorporate strong labor standards. (Describe those actions in the supporting narrative below.) The Recipient has not yet taken actions related to the Project to create good-paying jobs with the free and fair choice to join a union and incorporate strong labor standards but, before beginning construction of the Project, will take relevant actions described in schedule B. (Identify the relevant actions from schedule B in the supporting narrative below.) The Recipient has not taken actions related to the Project to improve good-paying jobs and strong labor standards and will not take those actions under this award. [ Insert supporting text, as described in the table above. ] [Choose the appropriate one of these two alternatives.] [Alternative #1, if either

Consideration of Climate Change and Environmental Justice Impacts. The Recipient states that rows marked with “X” in the following table are accurate: The Project significantly reduces transportation-related pollution, like air pollution and directly supports a Local/Regional/State Climate Action Plan that results in lower greenhouse gas emissions. (Describe the expected reductions and how they are achieved in the supporting narrative below.) The Project aligns with an applicable State, regional, or local carbon-reduction plan. (Identify the plan in the supporting narrative below.) The Project addresses directly supports a Local/Regional/State Equitable Development Plan that results in lower greenhouse gas emissions. (Identify the disproportionate negative plan in the supporting narrative below.) The Project directly supports a Local/Regional/State Energy Baseline Study that results in lower greenhouse gas emissions. (Identify the plan in the supporting narrative below.) The Recipient or a project partner used environmental impacts of transportationjustice tools, such as exposure the EJSCREEN, to elevated levels minimize adverse impacts of airthe Project on environmental justice communities. (Identify the tool(s) in the supporting narrative below.) The Project supports a modal shift in freight or passenger movement to reduce emissions or reduce induced travel demand. (Describe that shift in the supporting narrative below.) The Project utilizes demand management strategies to reduce congestion, waterinduced travel demand, and noise pollutiongreenhouse gas emissions. (Describe those strategies in the supporting narrative below.) The Project incorporates electrification infrastructure, zero-emission vehicle infrastructure, or both. (Describe the incorporated infrastructure in the supporting narrative below.) The Project supports the installation of electric vehicle charging stations. (Describe that support in the supporting narrative below.) The Project promotes energy efficiency. (Describe how in the supporting narrative below.) The Project implements transportation-efficient land use and design, such as drawing on serves the features of historic towns and villages that had a mix of land uses, compact and walkable development patterns, accessible green space, and neighborhood centers. (Describe how in the supporting narrative below.) The Project shifts freight to lower-carbon travel modes to reduce emissionsrenewable energy supply chain. (Describe how in the supporting narrative below.) The Project improves the disaster preparedness and resiliency of at-risk infrastructure to withstand extreme weather events and natural disasters caused by climate change, such as by using best-available climate data sets, information resources, and decision-support tools, and incorporating best practices identified by the USDOT. (Identify the at-risk infrastructure and describe how the project improves its resiliency in the supporting narrative below.) The Project incorporates energy efficient investments, such as electrification or zero emission vehicle infrastructure. (Describe the energy efficient investments in the supporting narrative below.) The Project redevelops xxxxxxxxxx sites. (Identify the xxxxxxxxxx sites and describe the redevelopment in the supporting narrative below.) The Project removes, replaces, or restores culverts to improve passage of aquatic species. (Identify the affected culverts and describe how the changes will improve the passage of aquatic species in the supporting narrative below.) The Project avoids adverse environmental impacts to air or water quality, wetlands, and endangered species, such as through reduction in Clean Air Act criteria pollutants and greenhouse gases, improved stormwater management, or improved habitat connectivity. (Describe how in the supporting narrative below.) The Project repairs existing dilapidated or idle infrastructure that is currently causing environmental harm. (Describe that infrastructure in the supporting narrative below.) The Project supports or incorporates the construction of energy- and location- efficient buildings. (Describe how in the supporting narrative below.) The Project includes floodplain upgrades consistent with the Federal Flood Risk Management Standard in Executive Orders 14030 and 13690recycling of materials, use of materials known to reduce or reverse carbon emissions, or both. (Describe those floodplain upgrades the materials in the supporting narrative below.) The Recipient has taken other actions to consider climate change and environmental justice impacts of the Project. (Describe those actions , as described in the supporting narrative below.) . X The Recipient has not yet taken actions to consider climate change and environmental justice impacts of the Project but, before beginning construction of the Project, will take relevant actions described in schedule B. (Identify the relevant actions from schedule B in the supporting narrative below.) . X The Recipient has not taken actions to consider climate change and environmental justice impacts of the Project and will not take those actions under this award. [ Insert supporting text, as described in the table above. ] The Recipient states that rows marked with “X” in the following table are accurate: The Project increases affordable transportation choices. (Describe how in the supporting narrative below.) The Project expands active transportation usage. (Describe how in the supporting narrative below.) The Project significantly reduces vehicle dependence. (Describe how in the supporting narrative below.) The Project reduces transportation and housing cost burdens by integrating mixed use development and a diversity of housing types (including affordable housing) with multimodal transportation infrastructure. (Describe how in the supporting narrative below.) The Project coordinates and integrates land use, affordable housing, and transportation planning to create more livable communities and expand travel choices. (Describe how in the supporting narrative below.) The Project reduces vehicle dependence and improves access to daily destinations, such as jobs, healthcare, grocery stores, schools, places of worship, recreation, or parks, such as by adding new facilities that promote walking or biking. (Describe how in the supporting narrative below.) The Project implements transit-oriented development that benefits existing residents and businesses. (Describe how in the supporting narrative below, including a specific description of the benefits to existing residents and businesses.) The Project mitigates urban heat islands to protect the health of at-risk residents, outdoor workers, and others. (Describe how in the supporting narrative below.) The Project proactively addresses racial equity. (Describe how in the supporting narrative below.) The Recipient has taken other actions related to the Project to improve racial equity and reduce barriers to opportunity. (Describe those actions in the supporting narrative below.) The Recipient has not yet taken actions related to the Project to improve racial equity and reduce barriers to opportunity but, before beginning construction of the Project, will take relevant actions described in schedule B. (Identify the relevant actions from schedule B in the supporting narrative below.) The Recipient has not taken actions related to the Project to improve racial equity and reduce barriers to opportunity and will not take those actions under this award. [ Insert supporting text, as described in the table above. ] The Recipient states that rows marked with “X” in the following table are accurate: The Recipient or a project partner promotes robust job creation by supporting good-paying jobs directly related to the project with free and fair choice to join a union. (Describe robust job creation and identify the good-paying jobs in the supporting narrative below.) The Recipient or a project partner will invest in high-quality workforce training programs such as registered apprenticeship programs to recruit, train, and retain skilled workers, and implement policies such as targeted hiring preferences. (Describe the training programs in the supporting narrative below.) The Recipient or a project partner implements targeted hiring preferences that will promote the entry and retention of underrepresented populations into those jobs including women, people of color, and people with convictions. (Describe the use of targeted hiring preferences that will promote the entry and retention of underrepresented populations in jobs in the supporting narrative below.) The Recipient or a project partner will partner with high-quality workforce development programs with supportive services to help train, place, and retain underrepresented communities in good-paying jobs or registered apprenticeships including through the use of local and economic hiring preferences, linkage agreements with workforce programs that serve underrepresented groups, and proactive plans to prevent harassment. (Describe the supportive services provided to trainees and employees, preferences, and policies in the supporting narrative below.) The Recipient or a project partner will partner and engage with local unions or other worker-based organizations in the development and lifecycle of the project, including through evidence of project labor agreements and/or community benefit agreements. (Describe the partnership or engagement with unions and/or other worker-based organizations and agreements in the supporting narrative below.) The Recipient or a project partner will partner with communities or community groups representative of historically underrepresented groups to develop workforce strategies. (Describe the partnership and workforce strategies in the supporting narrative below.) The Recipient has taken other actions related to the Project to create good-paying jobs with the free and fair choice to join a union and incorporate strong labor standards. (Describe those actions in the supporting narrative below.) The Recipient has not yet taken actions related to the Project to create good-paying jobs with the free and fair choice to join a union and incorporate strong labor standards but, before beginning construction of the Project, will take relevant actions described in schedule B. (Identify the relevant actions from schedule B in the supporting narrative below.) The Recipient has not taken actions related to the Project to improve good-paying jobs and strong labor standards and will not take those actions under this award. [ Insert supporting text, as described in the table above. ] [Choose the appropriate one of these two alternatives.] [Alternative #1, if either

Consideration of Climate Change and Environmental Justice Impacts. The Recipient states that rows marked with “X” in the following table are accurate: The Project significantly reduces transportation-related pollution, like air pollution and greenhouse gas emissions. (Describe the expected reductions and how they are achieved in the supporting narrative below.) The Project aligns with an applicable State, regional, or local carbon-reduction plan. (Identify the plan in the supporting narrative below.) The Project addresses the disproportionate negative environmental impacts of transportation, such as exposure to elevated levels of air, water, and noise pollution. (Describe how in the supporting narrative below.) The Project implements transportation-efficient land use and design, such as drawing on the features of historic towns and villages that had a mix of land uses, compact and walkable development patterns, accessible green space, and neighborhood centers. (Describe how in the supporting narrative below.) The Project shifts freight to lower-carbon travel modes to reduce emissions. (Describe how in the supporting narrative below.) The Project improves the resiliency of at-risk infrastructure to withstand extreme weather events and natural disasters caused by climate change, such as by using best-available climate data sets, information resources, and decision-support tools, and incorporating best practices identified by the USDOT. (Identify the at-risk infrastructure and describe how the project improves its resiliency in the supporting narrative below.) The Project incorporates energy efficient investments, such as electrification or zero emission vehicle infrastructure. (Describe the energy efficient investments in the supporting narrative below.) The Project redevelops xxxxxxxxxx sites. (Identify the xxxxxxxxxx sites and describe the redevelopment in the supporting narrative below.) The Project removes, replaces, or restores culverts to improve passage of aquatic species. (Identify the affected culverts and describe how the changes will improve the passage of aquatic species in the supporting narrative below.) The Project avoids adverse impacts to air or water quality, wetlands, and endangered species. (Describe how in the supporting narrative below.) The Project includes floodplain upgrades consistent with the Federal Flood Risk Management Standard in Executive Orders 14030 and 13690. (Describe those floodplain upgrades in the supporting narrative below.) The Recipient or a project partner has taken other actions to consider climate change and environmental justice impacts of the Project. (Describe those actions in the supporting narrative below.) The Recipient or a project partner has not yet taken actions to consider climate change and environmental justice impacts of the Project but, before beginning construction of the Project, will take relevant actions described in schedule B. (Identify the relevant actions from schedule B in the supporting narrative below.) The Recipient or a project partner has not taken actions to consider climate change and environmental justice impacts of the Project and will not take those actions under this award. [ Insert supporting text, as described in the table above. ] The Recipient states that rows marked with “X” in the following table are accurate: The Project increases affordable transportation choices. (Describe how in the supporting narrative below.) The Project expands active transportation usage. (Describe how in the supporting narrative below.) The Project significantly reduces vehicle dependence. (Describe how in the supporting narrative below.) The Project reduces transportation and housing cost burdens by integrating mixed use development and a diversity of housing types (including affordable housing) with multimodal transportation infrastructure. (Describe how in the supporting narrative below.) The Project coordinates and integrates land use, affordable housing, and transportation planning to create more livable communities and expand travel choices. (Describe how in the supporting narrative below.) The Project reduces vehicle dependence and improves access to daily destinations, such as jobs, healthcare, grocery stores, schools, places of worship, recreation, or parks, such as by adding new facilities that promote walking or biking. (Describe how in the supporting narrative below.) The Project implements transit-oriented development that benefits existing residents and businesses. (Describe how in the supporting narrative below, including a specific description of the benefits to existing residents and businesses.) The Project mitigates urban heat islands to protect the health of at-risk residents, outdoor workers, and others. (Describe how in the supporting narrative below.) The Project proactively addresses racial equity. (Describe how in the supporting narrative below.) The Recipient or a project partner has taken other actions related to the Project to improve racial equity and reduce barriers to opportunity. (Describe those actions in the supporting narrative below.) The Recipient or a project partner has not yet taken actions related to the Project to improve racial equity and reduce barriers to opportunity but, before beginning construction of the Project, will take relevant actions described in schedule B. (Identify the relevant actions from schedule B in the supporting narrative below.) The Recipient or a project partner has not taken actions related to the Project to improve racial equity and reduce barriers to opportunity and will not take those actions under this award. [ Insert supporting text, as described in the table above. ] The Recipient states that rows marked with “X” in the following table are accurate: The Recipient or a project partner promotes robust job creation by supporting good-paying jobs directly related to the project with free and fair choice to join a union. (Describe robust job creation and identify the good-paying jobs in the supporting narrative below.) The Recipient or a project partner will invest in high-quality workforce training programs such as registered apprenticeship programs to recruit, train, and retain skilled workers, and implement policies such as targeted hiring preferences. (Describe the training programs in the supporting narrative below.) The Recipient or a project partner implements targeted hiring preferences that will promote the entry and retention of underrepresented populations into those jobs including women, people of color, and people with convictions. (Describe the use of targeted hiring preferences that will promote the entry and retention of underrepresented populations in jobs in the supporting narrative below.) The Recipient or a project partner will partner with high-quality workforce development programs with supportive services to help train, place, and retain underrepresented communities in good-paying jobs or registered apprenticeships including through the use of local and economic hiring preferences, linkage agreements with workforce programs that serve underrepresented groups, and proactive plans to prevent harassment. (Describe the supportive services provided to trainees and employees, preferences, and policies in the supporting narrative below.) The Recipient or a project partner will partner and engage with local unions or other worker-based organizations in the development and lifecycle of the project, including through evidence of project labor agreements and/or community benefit agreements. (Describe the partnership or engagement with unions and/or other worker-based organizations and agreements in the supporting narrative below.) The Recipient or a project partner will partner with communities or community groups representative of historically underrepresented groups to develop workforce strategies. (Describe the partnership and workforce strategies in the supporting narrative below.) The Recipient or a project partner has taken other actions related to the Project to create good-paying jobs with the free and fair choice to join a union and incorporate strong labor standards. (Describe those actions in the supporting narrative below.) The Recipient or a project partner has not yet taken actions related to the Project to create good-paying jobs with the free and fair choice to join a union and incorporate strong labor standards but, before beginning construction of the Project, will take relevant actions described in schedule B. (Identify the relevant actions from schedule B in the supporting narrative below.) The Recipient or a project partner has not taken actions related to the Project to improve good-paying jobs and strong labor standards and will not take those actions under this award. [ Insert supporting text, as described in the table above. ] [Choose the appropriate one of these two alternatives.] [Alternative #1, if either

Consideration of Climate Change and Environmental Justice Impacts. The Recipient states that rows marked with “X” in the following table are accurate: The Project significantly reduces transportation-related pollution, like air pollution and directly supports a Local/Regional/State Climate Action Plan that results in lower greenhouse gas emissions. (Describe the expected reductions and how they are achieved in the supporting narrative below.) The Project aligns with an applicable State, regional, or local carbon-reduction plan. (Identify the plan in the supporting narrative below.) The Project addresses directly supports a Local/Regional/State Equitable Development Plan that results in lower greenhouse gas emissions. (Identify the disproportionate negative plan in the supporting narrative below.) The Project directly supports a Local/Regional/State Energy Baseline Study that results in lower greenhouse gas emissions. (Identify the plan in the supporting narrative below.) The Recipient or a project partner used environmental impacts of transportationjustice tools, such as exposure the EJSCREEN, to elevated levels minimize adverse impacts of airthe Project on environmental justice communities. (Identify the tool(s) in the supporting narrative below.) The Project supports a modal shift in freight or passenger movement to reduce emissions or reduce induced travel demand. (Describe that shift in the supporting narrative below.) ✔ The Project utilizes demand management strategies to reduce congestion, waterinduced travel demand, and noise pollutiongreenhouse gas emissions. (Describe those strategies in the supporting narrative below.) The Project incorporates electrification infrastructure, zero-emission vehicle infrastructure, or both. (Describe the incorporated infrastructure in the supporting narrative below.) The Project supports the installation of electric vehicle charging stations. (Describe that support in the supporting narrative below.) The Project promotes energy efficiency. (Describe how in the supporting narrative below.) The Project implements transportation-efficient land use and design, such as drawing on serves the features of historic towns and villages that had a mix of land uses, compact and walkable development patterns, accessible green space, and neighborhood centers. (Describe how in the supporting narrative below.) The Project shifts freight to lower-carbon travel modes to reduce emissionsrenewable energy supply chain. (Describe how in the supporting narrative below.) The Project improves the disaster preparedness and resiliency of at-risk infrastructure to withstand extreme weather events and natural disasters caused by climate change, such as by using best-available climate data sets, information resources, and decision-support tools, and incorporating best practices identified by the USDOT. (Identify the at-risk infrastructure and describe how the project improves its resiliency in the supporting narrative below.) The Project incorporates energy efficient investments, such as electrification or zero emission vehicle infrastructure. (Describe the energy efficient investments in the supporting narrative below.) The Project redevelops xxxxxxxxxx sites. (Identify the xxxxxxxxxx sites and describe the redevelopment in the supporting narrative below.) The Project removes, replaces, or restores culverts to improve passage of aquatic species. (Identify the affected culverts and describe how the changes will improve the passage of aquatic species in the supporting narrative below.) The Project avoids adverse environmental impacts to air or water quality, wetlands, and endangered species, such as through reduction in Clean Air Act criteria pollutants and greenhouse gases, improved stormwater management, or improved habitat connectivity. (Describe how in the supporting narrative below.) The Project repairs existing dilapidated or idle infrastructure that is currently causing environmental harm. (Describe that infrastructure in the supporting narrative below.) The Project supports or incorporates the construction of energy- and location- efficient buildings. (Describe how in the supporting narrative below.) The Project includes floodplain upgrades consistent with the Federal Flood Risk Management Standard in Executive Orders 14030 and 13690recycling of materials, use of materials known to reduce or reverse carbon emissions, or both. (Describe those floodplain upgrades the materials in the supporting narrative below.) The Recipient has taken other actions to consider climate change and environmental justice impacts of the Project. (Describe those actions , as described in the supporting narrative below.) . The Recipient has not yet taken actions to consider climate change and environmental justice impacts of the Project but, before beginning construction of the Project, will take relevant actions described in schedule B. Attachment A. (Identify the relevant actions from schedule B Attachment A in the supporting narrative below.) The Recipient has not taken actions to consider climate change and environmental justice impacts of the Project and will not take those actions under this award. [ Insert supporting text, as described in the table above. ] The Recipient states that rows marked with “X” in the following table are accurate: The Project increases affordable transportation choices. (Describe how in the supporting narrative below.) The Project expands active transportation usage. (Describe how in the supporting narrative below.) The Project significantly reduces vehicle dependence. (Describe how in the supporting narrative below.) The Project reduces transportation and housing cost burdens by integrating mixed use development and a diversity of housing types (including affordable housing) with multimodal transportation infrastructure. (Describe how in the supporting narrative below.) The Project coordinates and integrates land use, affordable housing, and transportation planning to create more livable communities and expand travel choices. (Describe how in the supporting narrative below.) The Project reduces vehicle dependence and improves access to daily destinations, such as jobs, healthcare, grocery stores, schools, places of worship, recreation, or parks, such as by adding new facilities that promote walking or biking. (Describe how in the supporting narrative below.) The Project implements transit-oriented development that benefits existing residents and businesses. (Describe how in the supporting narrative below, including a specific description of the benefits to existing residents and businesses.) The Project mitigates urban heat islands to protect the health of at-risk residents, outdoor workers, and others. (Describe how in the supporting narrative below.) The Project proactively addresses racial equity. (Describe how in the supporting narrative below.) The Recipient has taken other actions related to the Project to improve racial equity and reduce barriers to opportunity. (Describe those actions in the supporting narrative below.) The Recipient has not yet taken actions related to the Project to improve racial equity and reduce barriers to opportunity but, before beginning construction of the Project, will take relevant actions described in schedule B. (Identify the relevant actions from schedule B in the supporting narrative below.) The Recipient has not taken actions related to the Project to improve racial equity and reduce barriers to opportunity and will not take those actions under this award. [ Insert supporting text, as described in the table above. ] The Recipient states that rows marked with “X” in the following table are accurate: The Recipient or a project partner promotes robust job creation by supporting good-paying jobs directly related to the project with free and fair choice to join a union. (Describe robust job creation and identify the good-paying jobs in the supporting narrative below.) The Recipient or a project partner will invest in high-quality workforce training programs such as registered apprenticeship programs to recruit, train, and retain skilled workers, and implement policies such as targeted hiring preferences. (Describe the training programs in the supporting narrative below.) The Recipient or a project partner implements targeted hiring preferences that will promote the entry and retention of underrepresented populations into those jobs including women, people of color, and people with convictions. (Describe the use of targeted hiring preferences that will promote the entry and retention of underrepresented populations in jobs in the supporting narrative below.) The Recipient or a project partner will partner with high-quality workforce development programs with supportive services to help train, place, and retain underrepresented communities in good-paying jobs or registered apprenticeships including through the use of local and economic hiring preferences, linkage agreements with workforce programs that serve underrepresented groups, and proactive plans to prevent harassment. (Describe the supportive services provided to trainees and employees, preferences, and policies in the supporting narrative below.) The Recipient or a project partner will partner and engage with local unions or other worker-based organizations in the development and lifecycle of the project, including through evidence of project labor agreements and/or community benefit agreements. (Describe the partnership or engagement with unions and/or other worker-based organizations and agreements in the supporting narrative below.) The Recipient or a project partner will partner with communities or community groups representative of historically underrepresented groups to develop workforce strategies. (Describe the partnership and workforce strategies in the supporting narrative below.) The Recipient has taken other actions related to the Project to create good-paying jobs with the free and fair choice to join a union and incorporate strong labor standards. (Describe those actions in the supporting narrative below.) The Recipient has not yet taken actions related to the Project to create good-paying jobs with the free and fair choice to join a union and incorporate strong labor standards but, before beginning construction of the Project, will take relevant actions described in schedule B. (Identify the relevant actions from schedule B in the supporting narrative below.) The Recipient has not taken actions related to the Project to improve good-paying jobs and strong labor standards and will not take those actions under this award. [ Insert supporting text, as described in the table above. ] [Choose the appropriate one of these two alternatives.] [Alternative #1, if either

Consideration of Climate Change and Environmental Justice Impacts. The Recipient states that rows marked with “X” in the following table are accurate: The Project significantly reduces transportation-related pollution, like air pollution and greenhouse gas emissions. (Describe the expected reductions and how they are achieved in the supporting narrative below.) The Project aligns with an applicable State, regional, or local carbon-reduction plan. (Identify the plan in the supporting narrative below.) The Project addresses the disproportionate negative environmental impacts of transportation, such as exposure to elevated levels of air, water, and noise pollution. (Describe how in the supporting narrative below.) The Project implements transportation-efficient land use and design, such as drawing on the features of historic towns and villages that had a mix of land uses, compact and walkable development patterns, accessible green space, and neighborhood centers. (Describe how in the supporting narrative below.) The Project shifts freight to lower-carbon travel modes to reduce emissions. (Describe how in the supporting narrative below.) The Project improves the resiliency of at-risk infrastructure to withstand extreme weather events and natural disasters caused by climate change, such as by using best-available climate data sets, information resources, and decision-support tools, and incorporating best practices identified by the USDOTDepartment (for example, in the Department’s Nature-Based Solutions for Coastal Highway Resilience Implementation Guide). (Identify the at-risk infrastructure and describe how the project improves its resiliency in the supporting narrative below.) The Project incorporates energy efficient investments, such as electrification or zero emission vehicle infrastructure. (Describe the energy efficient investments in the supporting narrative below.) The Project redevelops xxxxxxxxxx sites. (Identify the xxxxxxxxxx sites and describe the redevelopment in the supporting narrative below.) The Project removes, replaces, or restores culverts to improve passage of aquatic species. (Identify the affected culverts and describe how the changes will improve the passage of aquatic species in the supporting narrative below.) The Project avoids adverse impacts to air or water quality, wetlands, and endangered species. (Describe how in the supporting narrative below.) The Project includes floodplain upgrades consistent with the Federal Flood Risk Management Standard in Executive Orders 14030 and 13690. (Describe those floodplain upgrades in the supporting narrative below.) The Recipient or a project partner has taken other actions to consider climate change and environmental justice impacts of the Project. (Describe those actions in the supporting narrative below.) The Recipient or a project partner has not yet taken actions to consider climate change and environmental justice impacts of the Project but, before beginning construction of the Project, will take relevant actions described in schedule B. (Identify the relevant actions from schedule B in the supporting narrative below.) The Recipient has not taken actions to consider climate change and environmental justice impacts of the Project and will not take those actions under this award. [ Insert supporting text, as described in the table above. ] The Recipient states that rows marked with “X” in the following table are accurate: The Project increases affordable transportation choices. (Describe how in the supporting narrative below.) The Project expands active transportation usage. (Describe how in the supporting narrative below.) The Project significantly reduces vehicle dependence. (Describe how in the supporting narrative below.) The Project reduces transportation and housing cost burdens by integrating mixed use development and a diversity of housing types (including affordable housing) with multimodal transportation infrastructure. (Describe how in the supporting narrative below.) The Project coordinates and integrates land use, affordable housing, and transportation planning to create more livable communities and expand travel choices. (Describe how in the supporting narrative below.) The Project reduces vehicle dependence and improves access to daily destinations, such as jobs, healthcare, grocery stores, schools, places of worship, recreation, or parks, such as by adding new facilities that promote walking or biking. (Describe how in the supporting narrative below.) The Project implements transit-oriented development that benefits existing residents and businesses. (Describe how in the supporting narrative below, including a specific description of the benefits to existing residents and businesses.) The Project mitigates urban heat islands to protect the health of at-risk residents, outdoor workers, and others. (Describe how in the supporting narrative below.) The Project proactively addresses racial equity. (Describe how in the supporting narrative below.) The Recipient has taken other actions related to the Project to improve racial equity and reduce barriers to opportunity. (Describe those actions in the supporting narrative below.) The Recipient has not yet taken actions related to the Project to improve racial equity and reduce barriers to opportunity but, before beginning construction of the Project, will take relevant actions described in schedule B. (Identify the relevant actions from schedule B in the supporting narrative below.) The Recipient has not taken actions related to the Project to improve racial equity and reduce barriers to opportunity and will not take those actions under this award. [ Insert supporting text, as described in the table above. ] The Recipient states that rows marked with “X” in the following table are accurate: The Recipient or a project partner promotes robust job creation by supporting good-paying jobs directly related to the project with free and fair choice to join a union. (Describe robust job creation and identify the good-paying jobs in the supporting narrative below.) The Recipient or a project partner will invest in high-quality workforce training programs such as registered apprenticeship programs to recruit, train, and retain skilled workers, and implement policies such as targeted hiring preferences. (Describe the training programs in the supporting narrative below.) The Recipient or a project partner implements targeted hiring preferences that will promote the entry and retention of underrepresented populations into those jobs including women, people of color, and people with convictions. (Describe the use of targeted hiring preferences that will promote the entry and retention of underrepresented populations in jobs in the supporting narrative below.) The Recipient or a project partner will partner with high-quality workforce development programs with supportive services to help train, place, and retain underrepresented communities in good-paying jobs or registered apprenticeships including through the use of local and economic hiring preferences, linkage agreements with workforce programs that serve underrepresented groups, and proactive plans to prevent harassment. (Describe the supportive services provided to trainees and employees, preferences, and policies in the supporting narrative below.) The Recipient or a project partner will partner and engage with local unions or other worker-based organizations in the development and lifecycle of the project, including through evidence of project labor agreements and/or community benefit agreements. (Describe the partnership or engagement with unions and/or other worker-based organizations and agreements in the supporting narrative below.) The Recipient or a project partner will partner with communities or community groups representative of historically underrepresented groups to develop workforce strategies. (Describe the partnership and workforce strategies in the supporting narrative below.) The Recipient has taken other actions related to the Project to create good-paying jobs with the free and fair choice to join a union and incorporate strong labor standards. (Describe those actions in the supporting narrative below.) The Recipient has not yet taken actions related to the Project to create good-paying jobs with the free and fair choice to join a union and incorporate strong labor standards but, before beginning construction of the Project, will take relevant actions described in schedule B. (Identify the relevant actions from schedule B in the supporting narrative below.) The Recipient has not taken actions related to the Project to improve good-paying jobs and strong labor standards and will not take those actions under this award. [ Insert supporting text, as described in the table above. ] [Choose the appropriate one of these two alternatives.] [Alternative #1, if either)

Consideration of Climate Change and Environmental Justice Impacts. The Recipient states that rows marked with “X” in the following table are accurate: The Project significantly reduces transportation-related pollution, like air pollution and directly supports a Local/Regional/State Climate Action Plan that results in lower greenhouse gas emissions. (Describe the expected reductions and how they are achieved in the supporting narrative below.) The Project aligns with an applicable State, regional, or local carbon-reduction plan. (Identify the plan in the supporting narrative below.) The Project addresses directly supports a Local/Regional/State Equitable Development Plan that results in lower greenhouse gas emissions. (Identify the disproportionate negative plan in the supporting narrative below.) The Project directly supports a Local/Regional/State Energy Baseline Study that results in lower greenhouse gas emissions. (Identify the plan in the supporting narrative below.) The Recipient or a project partner used environmental impacts of transportationjustice tools, such as exposure the EJSCREEN, to elevated levels minimize adverse impacts of airthe Project on environmental justice communities. (Identify the tool(s) in the supporting narrative below.) The Project supports a modal shift in freight or passenger movement to reduce emissions or reduce induced travel demand. (Describe that shift in the supporting narrative below.) The Project utilizes demand management strategies to reduce congestion, waterinduced travel demand, and noise pollutiongreenhouse gas emissions. (Describe those strategies in the supporting narrative below.) The Project incorporates electrification infrastructure, zero-emission vehicle infrastructure, or both. (Describe the incorporated infrastructure in the supporting narrative below.) The Project supports the installation of electric vehicle charging stations. (Describe that support in the supporting narrative below.) The Project promotes energy efficiency. (Describe how in the supporting narrative below.) The Project implements transportation-efficient land use and design, such as drawing on serves the features of historic towns and villages that had a mix of land uses, compact and walkable development patterns, accessible green space, and neighborhood centers. (Describe how in the supporting narrative below.) The Project shifts freight to lower-carbon travel modes to reduce emissionsrenewable energy supply chain. (Describe how in the supporting narrative below.) The Project improves the disaster preparedness and resiliency of at-risk infrastructure to withstand extreme weather events and natural disasters caused by climate change, such as by using best-available climate data sets, information resources, and decision-support tools, and incorporating best practices identified by the USDOT. (Identify the at-risk infrastructure and describe how the project improves its resiliency in the supporting narrative below.) The Project incorporates energy efficient investments, such as electrification or zero emission vehicle infrastructure. (Describe the energy efficient investments in the supporting narrative below.) The Project redevelops xxxxxxxxxx sites. (Identify the xxxxxxxxxx sites and describe the redevelopment in the supporting narrative below.) The Project removes, replaces, or restores culverts to improve passage of aquatic species. (Identify the affected culverts and describe how the changes will improve the passage of aquatic species in the supporting narrative below.) The Project avoids adverse environmental impacts to air or water quality, wetlands, and endangered species, such as through reduction in Clean Air Act criteria pollutants and greenhouse gases, improved stormwater management, or improved habitat connectivity. (Describe how in the supporting narrative below.) The Project repairs existing dilapidated or idle infrastructure that is currently causing environmental harm. (Describe that infrastructure in the supporting narrative below.) The Project supports or incorporates the construction of energy- and location- efficient buildings. (Describe how in the supporting narrative below.) The Project includes floodplain upgrades consistent with the Federal Flood Risk Management Standard in Executive Orders 14030 and 13690recycling of materials, use of materials known to reduce or reverse carbon emissions, or both. (Describe those floodplain upgrades the materials in the supporting narrative below.) The Recipient has taken other actions to consider climate change and environmental justice impacts of the Project. (Describe those actions , as described in the supporting narrative below.) . The Recipient has not yet taken actions to consider climate change and environmental justice impacts of the Project but, before beginning construction of the Project, will take relevant actions described in schedule B. Attachment A. (Identify the relevant actions from schedule B Attachment A in the supporting narrative below.) The Recipient has not taken actions to consider climate change and environmental justice impacts of the Project and will not take those actions under this award. [ Insert supporting text, as described in the table above. ] The Recipient states that rows marked with “X” in the following table are accurate: The Project increases affordable transportation choices. (Describe how in the supporting narrative below.) The Project expands active transportation usage. (Describe how in the supporting narrative below.) The Project significantly reduces vehicle dependence. (Describe how in the supporting narrative below.) The Project reduces transportation and housing cost burdens by integrating mixed use development and a diversity of housing types (including affordable housing) with multimodal transportation infrastructure. (Describe how in the supporting narrative below.) The Project coordinates and integrates land use, affordable housing, and transportation planning to create more livable communities and expand travel choices. (Describe how in the supporting narrative below.) The Project reduces vehicle dependence and improves access to daily destinations, such as jobs, healthcare, grocery stores, schools, places of worship, recreation, or parks, such as by adding new facilities that promote walking or biking. (Describe how in the supporting narrative below.) The Project implements transit-oriented development that benefits existing residents and businesses. (Describe how in the supporting narrative below, including a specific description of the benefits to existing residents and businesses.) The Project mitigates urban heat islands to protect the health of at-risk residents, outdoor workers, and others. (Describe how in the supporting narrative below.) The Project proactively addresses racial equity. (Describe how in the supporting narrative below.) The Recipient has taken other actions related to the Project to improve racial equity and reduce barriers to opportunity. (Describe those actions in the supporting narrative below.) The Recipient has not yet taken actions related to the Project to improve racial equity and reduce barriers to opportunity but, before beginning construction of the Project, will take relevant actions described in schedule B. (Identify the relevant actions from schedule B in the supporting narrative below.) The Recipient has not taken actions related to the Project to improve racial equity and reduce barriers to opportunity and will not take those actions under this award. [ Insert supporting text, as described in the table above. ] The Recipient states that rows marked with “X” in the following table are accurate: The Recipient or a project partner promotes robust job creation by supporting good-paying jobs directly related to the project with free and fair choice to join a union. (Describe robust job creation and identify the good-paying jobs in the supporting narrative below.) The Recipient or a project partner will invest in high-quality workforce training programs such as registered apprenticeship programs to recruit, train, and retain skilled workers, and implement policies such as targeted hiring preferences. (Describe the training programs in the supporting narrative below.) The Recipient or a project partner implements targeted hiring preferences that will promote the entry and retention of underrepresented populations into those jobs including women, people of color, and people with convictions. (Describe the use of targeted hiring preferences that will promote the entry and retention of underrepresented populations in jobs in the supporting narrative below.) The Recipient or a project partner will partner with high-quality workforce development programs with supportive services to help train, place, and retain underrepresented communities in good-paying jobs or registered apprenticeships including through the use of local and economic hiring preferences, linkage agreements with workforce programs that serve underrepresented groups, and proactive plans to prevent harassment. (Describe the supportive services provided to trainees and employees, preferences, and policies in the supporting narrative below.) The Recipient or a project partner will partner and engage with local unions or other worker-based organizations in the development and lifecycle of the project, including through evidence of project labor agreements and/or community benefit agreements. (Describe the partnership or engagement with unions and/or other worker-based organizations and agreements in the supporting narrative below.) The Recipient or a project partner will partner with communities or community groups representative of historically underrepresented groups to develop workforce strategies. (Describe the partnership and workforce strategies in the supporting narrative below.) The Recipient has taken other actions related to the Project to create good-paying jobs with the free and fair choice to join a union and incorporate strong labor standards. (Describe those actions in the supporting narrative below.) The Recipient has not yet taken actions related to the Project to create good-paying jobs with the free and fair choice to join a union and incorporate strong labor standards but, before beginning construction of the Project, will take relevant actions described in schedule B. (Identify the relevant actions from schedule B in the supporting narrative below.) The Recipient has not taken actions related to the Project to improve good-paying jobs and strong labor standards and will not take those actions under this award. [ Insert supporting text, as described in the table above. ] [Choose the appropriate one of these two alternatives.] [Alternative #1, if either