Disinfection Effectiveness Sample Clauses

Disinfection Effectiveness. Due to the variety of ceramic filters, effectiveness is highly dependent on its production quality (CDC, 2012). The majority of these filters effectively remove bacteria and large protozoans but are not effective with smaller protozoans or viruses (CDC, 2012). Even when the filter is microbiologically effective, recontamination is a risk because filtered water does not have chlorine residual protection (CDC, 2012). The long-term effectiveness of four POU water treatment technologies: one-candle ceramic, two-candle ceramic, pot ceramic, and membrane filters, was analyzed under laboratory conditions for a period of 14 months. Researchers discovered that all technologies had efficiencies of 98-99% for turbidity removal and over 99.99% for E.coli removal (▇▇▇▇▇-▇▇▇▇▇, ▇▇▇▇-▇▇▇▇▇, ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇-▇▇▇▇, & Usaquen-Perilla, 2016). Ceramic filters started with a low flow rate of approximately 0.31 liters per hour but over time, the rate decreased across all systems (▇▇▇▇▇-▇▇▇▇▇ et al., 2016). Researchers concluded that the level of training potential users receive will determine the systems’ effectiveness. Ultimately, community acceptance and training will determine the selection and sustainability of a specific system, but ceramic pot filters have high potential for success because they can be made locally and are low maintenance (▇▇▇▇▇-▇▇▇▇▇ et al., 2016). The advantage of local production may also be a drawback. Ceramic pot filters from factories in Nicaragua and the Dominican Republic were compared to determine if filter microbiological effectiveness was consistent among filters produced within the same factory and across countries. Effectiveness was inconsistent across the tested filters with only three of the four filters meeting quality control standards and all filters had varying flow rates (▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ et al., 2010). Therefore standardizing ceramic pot filter production and quality control procedures is necessary (▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ et al., 2010).